DI: Reverse direction of subprogram -> function edge.

Previously, subprograms contained a metadata reference to the function they
described. Because most clients need to get or set a subprogram for a given
function rather than the other way around, this created unneeded inefficiency.

For example, many passes needed to call the function llvm::makeSubprogramMap()
to build a mapping from functions to subprograms, and the IR linker needed to
fix up function references in a way that caused quadratic complexity in the IR
linking phase of LTO.

This change reverses the direction of the edge by storing the subprogram as
function-level metadata and removing DISubprogram's function field.

Since this is an IR change, a bitcode upgrade has been provided.

Fixes PR23367. An upgrade script for textual IR for out-of-tree clients is
attached to the PR.

Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D14265

llvm-svn: 252219
diff --git a/llvm/test/DebugInfo/ARM/constant-dbgloc.ll b/llvm/test/DebugInfo/ARM/constant-dbgloc.ll
index 168a8dd..5fd219a 100644
--- a/llvm/test/DebugInfo/ARM/constant-dbgloc.ll
+++ b/llvm/test/DebugInfo/ARM/constant-dbgloc.ll
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 ; CHECK: mvn
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
-define i32 @main() {
+define i32 @main() !dbg !4 {
 entry:
   %retval = alloca i32, align 4
   store i32 0, i32* %retval
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 !1 = !DIFile(filename: "test.c", directory: "/home/user/clang/build")
 !2 = !{}
 !3 = !{!4}
-!4 = distinct !DISubprogram(name: "main", scope: !1, file: !1, line: 2, type: !5, isLocal: false, isDefinition: true, scopeLine: 3, flags: DIFlagPrototyped, isOptimized: false, function: i32 ()* @main, variables: !2)
+!4 = distinct !DISubprogram(name: "main", scope: !1, file: !1, line: 2, type: !5, isLocal: false, isDefinition: true, scopeLine: 3, flags: DIFlagPrototyped, isOptimized: false, variables: !2)
 !5 = !DISubroutineType(types: !6)
 !6 = !{!7}
 !7 = !DIBasicType(name: "int", size: 32, align: 32, encoding: DW_ATE_signed)