clang/lib/Lex/Lexer.cpp

//===--- Lexer.cpp - C Language Family Lexer ------------------------------===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
//  This file implements the Lexer and Token interfaces.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "clang/Lex/Lexer.h"
#include "UnicodeCharSets.h"
#include "clang/Basic/CharInfo.h"
#include "clang/Basic/IdentifierTable.h"
#include "clang/Basic/SourceManager.h"
#include "clang/Lex/LexDiagnostic.h"
#include "clang/Lex/LiteralSupport.h"
#include "clang/Lex/Preprocessor.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/StringExtras.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/StringSwitch.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Compiler.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ConvertUTF.h"
#include "llvm/Support/MathExtras.h"
#include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h"
#include "llvm/Support/UnicodeCharRanges.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
#include <utility>

using namespace clang;

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// Token Class Implementation
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

/// isObjCAtKeyword - Return true if we have an ObjC keyword identifier.
bool Token::isObjCAtKeyword(tok::ObjCKeywordKind objcKey) const {
  if (IdentifierInfo *II = getIdentifierInfo())
    return II->getObjCKeywordID() == objcKey;
  return false;
}

/// getObjCKeywordID - Return the ObjC keyword kind.
tok::ObjCKeywordKind Token::getObjCKeywordID() const {
  IdentifierInfo *specId = getIdentifierInfo();
  return specId ? specId->getObjCKeywordID() : tok::objc_not_keyword;
}

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// Lexer Class Implementation
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

void Lexer::anchor() { }

void Lexer::InitLexer(const char *BufStart, const char *BufPtr,
                      const char *BufEnd) {
  BufferStart = BufStart;
  BufferPtr = BufPtr;
  BufferEnd = BufEnd;

  assert(BufEnd[0] == 0 &&
         "We assume that the input buffer has a null character at the end"
         " to simplify lexing!");

  // Check whether we have a BOM in the beginning of the buffer. If yes - act
  // accordingly. Right now we support only UTF-8 with and without BOM, so, just
  // skip the UTF-8 BOM if it's present.
  if (BufferStart == BufferPtr) {
    // Determine the size of the BOM.
    StringRef Buf(BufferStart, BufferEnd - BufferStart);
    size_t BOMLength = llvm::StringSwitch<size_t>(Buf)
      .StartsWith("\xEF\xBB\xBF", 3) // UTF-8 BOM
      .Default(0);

    // Skip the BOM.
    BufferPtr += BOMLength;
  }

  Is_PragmaLexer = false;
  CurrentConflictMarkerState = CMK_None;

  // Start of the file is a start of line.
  IsAtStartOfLine = true;
  IsAtPhysicalStartOfLine = true;

  HasLeadingSpace = false;
  HasLeadingEmptyMacro = false;

  // We are not after parsing a #.
  ParsingPreprocessorDirective = false;

  // We are not after parsing #include.
  ParsingFilename = false;

  // We are not in raw mode.  Raw mode disables diagnostics and interpretation
  // of tokens (e.g. identifiers, thus disabling macro expansion).  It is used
  // to quickly lex the tokens of the buffer, e.g. when handling a "#if 0" block
  // or otherwise skipping over tokens.
  LexingRawMode = false;

  // Default to not keeping comments.
  ExtendedTokenMode = 0;
}

/// Lexer constructor - Create a new lexer object for the specified buffer
/// with the specified preprocessor managing the lexing process.  This lexer
/// assumes that the associated file buffer and Preprocessor objects will
/// outlive it, so it doesn't take ownership of either of them.
Lexer::Lexer(FileID FID, const llvm::MemoryBuffer *InputFile, Preprocessor &PP)
  : PreprocessorLexer(&PP, FID),
    FileLoc(PP.getSourceManager().getLocForStartOfFile(FID)),
    LangOpts(PP.getLangOpts()) {

  InitLexer(InputFile->getBufferStart(), InputFile->getBufferStart(),
            InputFile->getBufferEnd());

  resetExtendedTokenMode();
}

void Lexer::resetExtendedTokenMode() {
  assert(PP && "Cannot reset token mode without a preprocessor");
  if (LangOpts.TraditionalCPP)
    SetKeepWhitespaceMode(true);
  else
    SetCommentRetentionState(PP->getCommentRetentionState());
}

/// Lexer constructor - Create a new raw lexer object.  This object is only
/// suitable for calls to 'LexFromRawLexer'.  This lexer assumes that the text
/// range will outlive it, so it doesn't take ownership of it.
Lexer::Lexer(SourceLocation fileloc, const LangOptions &langOpts,
             const char *BufStart, const char *BufPtr, const char *BufEnd)
  : FileLoc(fileloc), LangOpts(langOpts) {

  InitLexer(BufStart, BufPtr, BufEnd);

  // We *are* in raw mode.
  LexingRawMode = true;
}

/// Lexer constructor - Create a new raw lexer object.  This object is only
/// suitable for calls to 'LexFromRawLexer'.  This lexer assumes that the text
/// range will outlive it, so it doesn't take ownership of it.
Lexer::Lexer(FileID FID, const llvm::MemoryBuffer *FromFile,
             const SourceManager &SM, const LangOptions &langOpts)
    : Lexer(SM.getLocForStartOfFile(FID), langOpts, FromFile->getBufferStart(),
            FromFile->getBufferStart(), FromFile->getBufferEnd()) {}

/// Create_PragmaLexer: Lexer constructor - Create a new lexer object for
/// _Pragma expansion.  This has a variety of magic semantics that this method
/// sets up.  It returns a new'd Lexer that must be delete'd when done.
///
/// On entrance to this routine, TokStartLoc is a macro location which has a
/// spelling loc that indicates the bytes to be lexed for the token and an
/// expansion location that indicates where all lexed tokens should be
/// "expanded from".
///
/// TODO: It would really be nice to make _Pragma just be a wrapper around a
/// normal lexer that remaps tokens as they fly by.  This would require making
/// Preprocessor::Lex virtual.  Given that, we could just dump in a magic lexer
/// interface that could handle this stuff.  This would pull GetMappedTokenLoc
/// out of the critical path of the lexer!
///
Lexer *Lexer::Create_PragmaLexer(SourceLocation SpellingLoc,
                                 SourceLocation ExpansionLocStart,
                                 SourceLocation ExpansionLocEnd,
                                 unsigned TokLen, Preprocessor &PP) {
  SourceManager &SM = PP.getSourceManager();

  // Create the lexer as if we were going to lex the file normally.
  FileID SpellingFID = SM.getFileID(SpellingLoc);
  const llvm::MemoryBuffer *InputFile = SM.getBuffer(SpellingFID);
  Lexer *L = new Lexer(SpellingFID, InputFile, PP);

  // Now that the lexer is created, change the start/end locations so that we
  // just lex the subsection of the file that we want.  This is lexing from a
  // scratch buffer.
  const char *StrData = SM.getCharacterData(SpellingLoc);

  L->BufferPtr = StrData;
  L->BufferEnd = StrData+TokLen;
  assert(L->BufferEnd[0] == 0 && "Buffer is not nul terminated!");

  // Set the SourceLocation with the remapping information.  This ensures that
  // GetMappedTokenLoc will remap the tokens as they are lexed.
  L->FileLoc = SM.createExpansionLoc(SM.getLocForStartOfFile(SpellingFID),
                                     ExpansionLocStart,
                                     ExpansionLocEnd, TokLen);

  // Ensure that the lexer thinks it is inside a directive, so that end \n will
  // return an EOD token.
  L->ParsingPreprocessorDirective = true;

  // This lexer really is for _Pragma.
  L->Is_PragmaLexer = true;
  return L;
}

/// Stringify - Convert the specified string into a C string, with surrounding
/// ""'s, and with escaped \ and " characters.
std::string Lexer::Stringify(StringRef Str, bool Charify) {
  std::string Result = Str;
  char Quote = Charify ? '\'' : '"';
  for (unsigned i = 0, e = Result.size(); i != e; ++i) {
    if (Result[i] == '\\' || Result[i] == Quote) {
      Result.insert(Result.begin()+i, '\\');
      ++i; ++e;
    }
  }
  return Result;
}

/// Stringify - Convert the specified string into a C string by escaping '\'
/// and " characters.  This does not add surrounding ""'s to the string.
void Lexer::Stringify(SmallVectorImpl<char> &Str) {
  for (unsigned i = 0, e = Str.size(); i != e; ++i) {
    if (Str[i] == '\\' || Str[i] == '"') {
      Str.insert(Str.begin()+i, '\\');
      ++i; ++e;
    }
  }
}

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// Token Spelling
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

/// \brief Slow case of getSpelling. Extract the characters comprising the
/// spelling of this token from the provided input buffer.
static size_t getSpellingSlow(const Token &Tok, const char *BufPtr,
                              const LangOptions &LangOpts, char *Spelling) {
  assert(Tok.needsCleaning() && "getSpellingSlow called on simple token");

  size_t Length = 0;
  const char *BufEnd = BufPtr + Tok.getLength();

  if (tok::isStringLiteral(Tok.getKind())) {
    // Munch the encoding-prefix and opening double-quote.
    while (BufPtr < BufEnd) {
      unsigned Size;
      Spelling[Length++] = Lexer::getCharAndSizeNoWarn(BufPtr, Size, LangOpts);
      BufPtr += Size;

      if (Spelling[Length - 1] == '"')
        break;
    }

    // Raw string literals need special handling; trigraph expansion and line
    // splicing do not occur within their d-char-sequence nor within their
    // r-char-sequence.
    if (Length >= 2 &&
        Spelling[Length - 2] == 'R' && Spelling[Length - 1] == '"') {
      // Search backwards from the end of the token to find the matching closing
      // quote.
      const char *RawEnd = BufEnd;
      do --RawEnd; while (*RawEnd != '"');
      size_t RawLength = RawEnd - BufPtr + 1;

      // Everything between the quotes is included verbatim in the spelling.
      memcpy(Spelling + Length, BufPtr, RawLength);
      Length += RawLength;
      BufPtr += RawLength;

      // The rest of the token is lexed normally.
    }
  }

  while (BufPtr < BufEnd) {
    unsigned Size;
    Spelling[Length++] = Lexer::getCharAndSizeNoWarn(BufPtr, Size, LangOpts);
    BufPtr += Size;
  }

  assert(Length < Tok.getLength() &&
         "NeedsCleaning flag set on token that didn't need cleaning!");
  return Length;
}

/// getSpelling() - Return the 'spelling' of this token.  The spelling of a
/// token are the characters used to represent the token in the source file
/// after trigraph expansion and escaped-newline folding.  In particular, this
/// wants to get the true, uncanonicalized, spelling of things like digraphs
/// UCNs, etc.
StringRef Lexer::getSpelling(SourceLocation loc,
                             SmallVectorImpl<char> &buffer,
                             const SourceManager &SM,
                             const LangOptions &options,
                             bool *invalid) {
  // Break down the source location.
  std::pair<FileID, unsigned> locInfo = SM.getDecomposedLoc(loc);

  // Try to the load the file buffer.
  bool invalidTemp = false;
  StringRef file = SM.getBufferData(locInfo.first, &invalidTemp);
  if (invalidTemp) {
    if (invalid) *invalid = true;
    return StringRef();
  }

  const char *tokenBegin = file.data() + locInfo.second;

  // Lex from the start of the given location.
  Lexer lexer(SM.getLocForStartOfFile(locInfo.first), options,
              file.begin(), tokenBegin, file.end());
  Token token;
  lexer.LexFromRawLexer(token);

  unsigned length = token.getLength();

  // Common case:  no need for cleaning.
  if (!token.needsCleaning())
    return StringRef(tokenBegin, length);

  // Hard case, we need to relex the characters into the string.
  buffer.resize(length);
  buffer.resize(getSpellingSlow(token, tokenBegin, options, buffer.data()));
  return StringRef(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
}

/// getSpelling() - Return the 'spelling' of this token.  The spelling of a
/// token are the characters used to represent the token in the source file
/// after trigraph expansion and escaped-newline folding.  In particular, this
/// wants to get the true, uncanonicalized, spelling of things like digraphs
/// UCNs, etc.
std::string Lexer::getSpelling(const Token &Tok, const SourceManager &SourceMgr,
                               const LangOptions &LangOpts, bool *Invalid) {
  assert((int)Tok.getLength() >= 0 && "Token character range is bogus!");

  bool CharDataInvalid = false;
  const char *TokStart = SourceMgr.getCharacterData(Tok.getLocation(),
                                                    &CharDataInvalid);
  if (Invalid)
    *Invalid = CharDataInvalid;
  if (CharDataInvalid)
    return std::string();

  // If this token contains nothing interesting, return it directly.
  if (!Tok.needsCleaning())
    return std::string(TokStart, TokStart + Tok.getLength());

  std::string Result;
  Result.resize(Tok.getLength());
  Result.resize(getSpellingSlow(Tok, TokStart, LangOpts, &*Result.begin()));
  return Result;
}

/// getSpelling - This method is used to get the spelling of a token into a
/// preallocated buffer, instead of as an std::string.  The caller is required
/// to allocate enough space for the token, which is guaranteed to be at least
/// Tok.getLength() bytes long.  The actual length of the token is returned.
///
/// Note that this method may do two possible things: it may either fill in
/// the buffer specified with characters, or it may *change the input pointer*
/// to point to a constant buffer with the data already in it (avoiding a
/// copy).  The caller is not allowed to modify the returned buffer pointer
/// if an internal buffer is returned.
unsigned Lexer::getSpelling(const Token &Tok, const char *&Buffer, 
                            const SourceManager &SourceMgr,
                            const LangOptions &LangOpts, bool *Invalid) {
  assert((int)Tok.getLength() >= 0 && "Token character range is bogus!");

  const char *TokStart = nullptr;
  // NOTE: this has to be checked *before* testing for an IdentifierInfo.
  if (Tok.is(tok::raw_identifier))
    TokStart = Tok.getRawIdentifier().data();
  else if (!Tok.hasUCN()) {
    if (const IdentifierInfo *II = Tok.getIdentifierInfo()) {
      // Just return the string from the identifier table, which is very quick.
      Buffer = II->getNameStart();
      return II->getLength();
    }
  }

  // NOTE: this can be checked even after testing for an IdentifierInfo.
  if (Tok.isLiteral())
    TokStart = Tok.getLiteralData();

  if (!TokStart) {
    // Compute the start of the token in the input lexer buffer.
    bool CharDataInvalid = false;
    TokStart = SourceMgr.getCharacterData(Tok.getLocation(), &CharDataInvalid);
    if (Invalid)
      *Invalid = CharDataInvalid;
    if (CharDataInvalid) {
      Buffer = "";
      return 0;
    }
  }

  // If this token contains nothing interesting, return it directly.
  if (!Tok.needsCleaning()) {
    Buffer = TokStart;
    return Tok.getLength();
  }

  // Otherwise, hard case, relex the characters into the string.
  return getSpellingSlow(Tok, TokStart, LangOpts, const_cast<char*>(Buffer));
}

/// MeasureTokenLength - Relex the token at the specified location and return
/// its length in bytes in the input file.  If the token needs cleaning (e.g.
/// includes a trigraph or an escaped newline) then this count includes bytes
/// that are part of that.
unsigned Lexer::MeasureTokenLength(SourceLocation Loc,
                                   const SourceManager &SM,
                                   const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  Token TheTok;
  if (getRawToken(Loc, TheTok, SM, LangOpts))
    return 0;
  return TheTok.getLength();
}

/// \brief Relex the token at the specified location.
/// \returns true if there was a failure, false on success.
bool Lexer::getRawToken(SourceLocation Loc, Token &Result,
                        const SourceManager &SM,
                        const LangOptions &LangOpts,
                        bool IgnoreWhiteSpace) {
  // TODO: this could be special cased for common tokens like identifiers, ')',
  // etc to make this faster, if it mattered.  Just look at StrData[0] to handle
  // all obviously single-char tokens.  This could use
  // Lexer::isObviouslySimpleCharacter for example to handle identifiers or
  // something.

  // If this comes from a macro expansion, we really do want the macro name, not
  // the token this macro expanded to.
  Loc = SM.getExpansionLoc(Loc);
  std::pair<FileID, unsigned> LocInfo = SM.getDecomposedLoc(Loc);
  bool Invalid = false;
  StringRef Buffer = SM.getBufferData(LocInfo.first, &Invalid);
  if (Invalid)
    return true;

  const char *StrData = Buffer.data()+LocInfo.second;

  if (!IgnoreWhiteSpace && isWhitespace(StrData[0]))
    return true;

  // Create a lexer starting at the beginning of this token.
  Lexer TheLexer(SM.getLocForStartOfFile(LocInfo.first), LangOpts,
                 Buffer.begin(), StrData, Buffer.end());
  TheLexer.SetCommentRetentionState(true);
  TheLexer.LexFromRawLexer(Result);
  return false;
}

static SourceLocation getBeginningOfFileToken(SourceLocation Loc,
                                              const SourceManager &SM,
                                              const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  assert(Loc.isFileID());
  std::pair<FileID, unsigned> LocInfo = SM.getDecomposedLoc(Loc);
  if (LocInfo.first.isInvalid())
    return Loc;
  
  bool Invalid = false;
  StringRef Buffer = SM.getBufferData(LocInfo.first, &Invalid);
  if (Invalid)
    return Loc;

  // Back up from the current location until we hit the beginning of a line
  // (or the buffer). We'll relex from that point.
  const char *BufStart = Buffer.data();
  if (LocInfo.second >= Buffer.size())
    return Loc;
  
  const char *StrData = BufStart+LocInfo.second;
  if (StrData[0] == '\n' || StrData[0] == '\r')
    return Loc;

  const char *LexStart = StrData;
  while (LexStart != BufStart) {
    if (LexStart[0] == '\n' || LexStart[0] == '\r') {
      ++LexStart;
      break;
    }

    --LexStart;
  }
  
  // Create a lexer starting at the beginning of this token.
  SourceLocation LexerStartLoc = Loc.getLocWithOffset(-LocInfo.second);
  Lexer TheLexer(LexerStartLoc, LangOpts, BufStart, LexStart, Buffer.end());
  TheLexer.SetCommentRetentionState(true);
  
  // Lex tokens until we find the token that contains the source location.
  Token TheTok;
  do {
    TheLexer.LexFromRawLexer(TheTok);
    
    if (TheLexer.getBufferLocation() > StrData) {
      // Lexing this token has taken the lexer past the source location we're
      // looking for. If the current token encompasses our source location,
      // return the beginning of that token.
      if (TheLexer.getBufferLocation() - TheTok.getLength() <= StrData)
        return TheTok.getLocation();
      
      // We ended up skipping over the source location entirely, which means
      // that it points into whitespace. We're done here.
      break;
    }
  } while (TheTok.getKind() != tok::eof);
  
  // We've passed our source location; just return the original source location.
  return Loc;
}

SourceLocation Lexer::GetBeginningOfToken(SourceLocation Loc,
                                          const SourceManager &SM,
                                          const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
 if (Loc.isFileID())
   return getBeginningOfFileToken(Loc, SM, LangOpts);
 
 if (!SM.isMacroArgExpansion(Loc))
   return Loc;

 SourceLocation FileLoc = SM.getSpellingLoc(Loc);
 SourceLocation BeginFileLoc = getBeginningOfFileToken(FileLoc, SM, LangOpts);
 std::pair<FileID, unsigned> FileLocInfo = SM.getDecomposedLoc(FileLoc);
 std::pair<FileID, unsigned> BeginFileLocInfo
   = SM.getDecomposedLoc(BeginFileLoc);
 assert(FileLocInfo.first == BeginFileLocInfo.first &&
        FileLocInfo.second >= BeginFileLocInfo.second);
 return Loc.getLocWithOffset(BeginFileLocInfo.second - FileLocInfo.second);
}

namespace {

  enum PreambleDirectiveKind {
    PDK_Skipped,
    PDK_StartIf,
    PDK_EndIf,
    PDK_Unknown
  };

} // end anonymous namespace

std::pair<unsigned, bool> Lexer::ComputePreamble(StringRef Buffer,
                                                 const LangOptions &LangOpts,
                                                 unsigned MaxLines) {
  // Create a lexer starting at the beginning of the file. Note that we use a
  // "fake" file source location at offset 1 so that the lexer will track our
  // position within the file.
  const unsigned StartOffset = 1;
  SourceLocation FileLoc = SourceLocation::getFromRawEncoding(StartOffset);
  Lexer TheLexer(FileLoc, LangOpts, Buffer.begin(), Buffer.begin(),
                 Buffer.end());
  TheLexer.SetCommentRetentionState(true);

  // StartLoc will differ from FileLoc if there is a BOM that was skipped.
  SourceLocation StartLoc = TheLexer.getSourceLocation();

  bool InPreprocessorDirective = false;
  Token TheTok;
  Token IfStartTok;
  unsigned IfCount = 0;
  SourceLocation ActiveCommentLoc;

  unsigned MaxLineOffset = 0;
  if (MaxLines) {
    const char *CurPtr = Buffer.begin();
    unsigned CurLine = 0;
    while (CurPtr != Buffer.end()) {
      char ch = *CurPtr++;
      if (ch == '\n') {
        ++CurLine;
        if (CurLine == MaxLines)
          break;
      }
    }
    if (CurPtr != Buffer.end())
      MaxLineOffset = CurPtr - Buffer.begin();
  }

  do {
    TheLexer.LexFromRawLexer(TheTok);

    if (InPreprocessorDirective) {
      // If we've hit the end of the file, we're done.
      if (TheTok.getKind() == tok::eof) {
        break;
      }
      
      // If we haven't hit the end of the preprocessor directive, skip this
      // token.
      if (!TheTok.isAtStartOfLine())
        continue;
        
      // We've passed the end of the preprocessor directive, and will look
      // at this token again below.
      InPreprocessorDirective = false;
    }
    
    // Keep track of the # of lines in the preamble.
    if (TheTok.isAtStartOfLine()) {
      unsigned TokOffset = TheTok.getLocation().getRawEncoding() - StartOffset;

      // If we were asked to limit the number of lines in the preamble,
      // and we're about to exceed that limit, we're done.
      if (MaxLineOffset && TokOffset >= MaxLineOffset)
        break;
    }

    // Comments are okay; skip over them.
    if (TheTok.getKind() == tok::comment) {
      if (ActiveCommentLoc.isInvalid())
        ActiveCommentLoc = TheTok.getLocation();
      continue;
    }
    
    if (TheTok.isAtStartOfLine() && TheTok.getKind() == tok::hash) {
      // This is the start of a preprocessor directive. 
      Token HashTok = TheTok;
      InPreprocessorDirective = true;
      ActiveCommentLoc = SourceLocation();
      
      // Figure out which directive this is. Since we're lexing raw tokens,
      // we don't have an identifier table available. Instead, just look at
      // the raw identifier to recognize and categorize preprocessor directives.
      TheLexer.LexFromRawLexer(TheTok);
      if (TheTok.getKind() == tok::raw_identifier && !TheTok.needsCleaning()) {
        StringRef Keyword = TheTok.getRawIdentifier();
        PreambleDirectiveKind PDK
          = llvm::StringSwitch<PreambleDirectiveKind>(Keyword)
              .Case("include", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("__include_macros", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("define", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("undef", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("line", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("error", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("pragma", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("import", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("include_next", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("warning", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("ident", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("sccs", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("assert", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("unassert", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("if", PDK_StartIf)
              .Case("ifdef", PDK_StartIf)
              .Case("ifndef", PDK_StartIf)
              .Case("elif", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("else", PDK_Skipped)
              .Case("endif", PDK_EndIf)
              .Default(PDK_Unknown);

        switch (PDK) {
        case PDK_Skipped:
          continue;

        case PDK_StartIf:
          if (IfCount == 0)
            IfStartTok = HashTok;
            
          ++IfCount;
          continue;
            
        case PDK_EndIf:
          // Mismatched #endif. The preamble ends here.
          if (IfCount == 0)
            break;

          --IfCount;
          continue;
            
        case PDK_Unknown:
          // We don't know what this directive is; stop at the '#'.
          break;
        }
      }
      
      // We only end up here if we didn't recognize the preprocessor
      // directive or it was one that can't occur in the preamble at this
      // point. Roll back the current token to the location of the '#'.
      InPreprocessorDirective = false;
      TheTok = HashTok;
    }

    // We hit a token that we don't recognize as being in the
    // "preprocessing only" part of the file, so we're no longer in
    // the preamble.
    break;
  } while (true);
  
  SourceLocation End;
  if (IfCount)
    End = IfStartTok.getLocation();
  else if (ActiveCommentLoc.isValid())
    End = ActiveCommentLoc; // don't truncate a decl comment.
  else
    End = TheTok.getLocation();

  return std::make_pair(End.getRawEncoding() - StartLoc.getRawEncoding(),
                        IfCount? IfStartTok.isAtStartOfLine()
                               : TheTok.isAtStartOfLine());
}

/// AdvanceToTokenCharacter - Given a location that specifies the start of a
/// token, return a new location that specifies a character within the token.
SourceLocation Lexer::AdvanceToTokenCharacter(SourceLocation TokStart,
                                              unsigned CharNo,
                                              const SourceManager &SM,
                                              const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  // Figure out how many physical characters away the specified expansion
  // character is.  This needs to take into consideration newlines and
  // trigraphs.
  bool Invalid = false;
  const char *TokPtr = SM.getCharacterData(TokStart, &Invalid);
  
  // If they request the first char of the token, we're trivially done.
  if (Invalid || (CharNo == 0 && Lexer::isObviouslySimpleCharacter(*TokPtr)))
    return TokStart;
  
  unsigned PhysOffset = 0;
  
  // The usual case is that tokens don't contain anything interesting.  Skip
  // over the uninteresting characters.  If a token only consists of simple
  // chars, this method is extremely fast.
  while (Lexer::isObviouslySimpleCharacter(*TokPtr)) {
    if (CharNo == 0)
      return TokStart.getLocWithOffset(PhysOffset);
    ++TokPtr;
    --CharNo;
    ++PhysOffset;
  }
  
  // If we have a character that may be a trigraph or escaped newline, use a
  // lexer to parse it correctly.
  for (; CharNo; --CharNo) {
    unsigned Size;
    Lexer::getCharAndSizeNoWarn(TokPtr, Size, LangOpts);
    TokPtr += Size;
    PhysOffset += Size;
  }
  
  // Final detail: if we end up on an escaped newline, we want to return the
  // location of the actual byte of the token.  For example foo\<newline>bar
  // advanced by 3 should return the location of b, not of \\.  One compounding
  // detail of this is that the escape may be made by a trigraph.
  if (!Lexer::isObviouslySimpleCharacter(*TokPtr))
    PhysOffset += Lexer::SkipEscapedNewLines(TokPtr)-TokPtr;
  
  return TokStart.getLocWithOffset(PhysOffset);
}

/// \brief Computes the source location just past the end of the
/// token at this source location.
///
/// This routine can be used to produce a source location that
/// points just past the end of the token referenced by \p Loc, and
/// is generally used when a diagnostic needs to point just after a
/// token where it expected something different that it received. If
/// the returned source location would not be meaningful (e.g., if
/// it points into a macro), this routine returns an invalid
/// source location.
///
/// \param Offset an offset from the end of the token, where the source
/// location should refer to. The default offset (0) produces a source
/// location pointing just past the end of the token; an offset of 1 produces
/// a source location pointing to the last character in the token, etc.
SourceLocation Lexer::getLocForEndOfToken(SourceLocation Loc, unsigned Offset,
                                          const SourceManager &SM,
                                          const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  if (Loc.isInvalid())
    return SourceLocation();

  if (Loc.isMacroID()) {
    if (Offset > 0 || !isAtEndOfMacroExpansion(Loc, SM, LangOpts, &Loc))
      return SourceLocation(); // Points inside the macro expansion.
  }

  unsigned Len = Lexer::MeasureTokenLength(Loc, SM, LangOpts);
  if (Len > Offset)
    Len = Len - Offset;
  else
    return Loc;
  
  return Loc.getLocWithOffset(Len);
}

/// \brief Returns true if the given MacroID location points at the first
/// token of the macro expansion.
bool Lexer::isAtStartOfMacroExpansion(SourceLocation loc,
                                      const SourceManager &SM,
                                      const LangOptions &LangOpts,
                                      SourceLocation *MacroBegin) {
  assert(loc.isValid() && loc.isMacroID() && "Expected a valid macro loc");

  SourceLocation expansionLoc;
  if (!SM.isAtStartOfImmediateMacroExpansion(loc, &expansionLoc))
    return false;

  if (expansionLoc.isFileID()) {
    // No other macro expansions, this is the first.
    if (MacroBegin)
      *MacroBegin = expansionLoc;
    return true;
  }

  return isAtStartOfMacroExpansion(expansionLoc, SM, LangOpts, MacroBegin);
}

/// \brief Returns true if the given MacroID location points at the last
/// token of the macro expansion.
bool Lexer::isAtEndOfMacroExpansion(SourceLocation loc,
                                    const SourceManager &SM,
                                    const LangOptions &LangOpts,
                                    SourceLocation *MacroEnd) {
  assert(loc.isValid() && loc.isMacroID() && "Expected a valid macro loc");

  SourceLocation spellLoc = SM.getSpellingLoc(loc);
  unsigned tokLen = MeasureTokenLength(spellLoc, SM, LangOpts);
  if (tokLen == 0)
    return false;

  SourceLocation afterLoc = loc.getLocWithOffset(tokLen);
  SourceLocation expansionLoc;
  if (!SM.isAtEndOfImmediateMacroExpansion(afterLoc, &expansionLoc))
    return false;

  if (expansionLoc.isFileID()) {
    // No other macro expansions.
    if (MacroEnd)
      *MacroEnd = expansionLoc;
    return true;
  }

  return isAtEndOfMacroExpansion(expansionLoc, SM, LangOpts, MacroEnd);
}

static CharSourceRange makeRangeFromFileLocs(CharSourceRange Range,
                                             const SourceManager &SM,
                                             const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  SourceLocation Begin = Range.getBegin();
  SourceLocation End = Range.getEnd();
  assert(Begin.isFileID() && End.isFileID());
  if (Range.isTokenRange()) {
    End = Lexer::getLocForEndOfToken(End, 0, SM,LangOpts);
    if (End.isInvalid())
      return CharSourceRange();
  }

  // Break down the source locations.
  FileID FID;
  unsigned BeginOffs;
  std::tie(FID, BeginOffs) = SM.getDecomposedLoc(Begin);
  if (FID.isInvalid())
    return CharSourceRange();

  unsigned EndOffs;
  if (!SM.isInFileID(End, FID, &EndOffs) ||
      BeginOffs > EndOffs)
    return CharSourceRange();

  return CharSourceRange::getCharRange(Begin, End);
}

CharSourceRange Lexer::makeFileCharRange(CharSourceRange Range,
                                         const SourceManager &SM,
                                         const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  SourceLocation Begin = Range.getBegin();
  SourceLocation End = Range.getEnd();
  if (Begin.isInvalid() || End.isInvalid())
    return CharSourceRange();

  if (Begin.isFileID() && End.isFileID())
    return makeRangeFromFileLocs(Range, SM, LangOpts);

  if (Begin.isMacroID() && End.isFileID()) {
    if (!isAtStartOfMacroExpansion(Begin, SM, LangOpts, &Begin))
      return CharSourceRange();
    Range.setBegin(Begin);
    return makeRangeFromFileLocs(Range, SM, LangOpts);
  }

  if (Begin.isFileID() && End.isMacroID()) {
    if ((Range.isTokenRange() && !isAtEndOfMacroExpansion(End, SM, LangOpts,
                                                          &End)) ||
        (Range.isCharRange() && !isAtStartOfMacroExpansion(End, SM, LangOpts,
                                                           &End)))
      return CharSourceRange();
    Range.setEnd(End);
    return makeRangeFromFileLocs(Range, SM, LangOpts);
  }

  assert(Begin.isMacroID() && End.isMacroID());
  SourceLocation MacroBegin, MacroEnd;
  if (isAtStartOfMacroExpansion(Begin, SM, LangOpts, &MacroBegin) &&
      ((Range.isTokenRange() && isAtEndOfMacroExpansion(End, SM, LangOpts,
                                                        &MacroEnd)) ||
       (Range.isCharRange() && isAtStartOfMacroExpansion(End, SM, LangOpts,
                                                         &MacroEnd)))) {
    Range.setBegin(MacroBegin);
    Range.setEnd(MacroEnd);
    return makeRangeFromFileLocs(Range, SM, LangOpts);
  }

  bool Invalid = false;
  const SrcMgr::SLocEntry &BeginEntry = SM.getSLocEntry(SM.getFileID(Begin),
                                                        &Invalid);
  if (Invalid)
    return CharSourceRange();

  if (BeginEntry.getExpansion().isMacroArgExpansion()) {
    const SrcMgr::SLocEntry &EndEntry = SM.getSLocEntry(SM.getFileID(End),
                                                        &Invalid);
    if (Invalid)
      return CharSourceRange();

    if (EndEntry.getExpansion().isMacroArgExpansion() &&
        BeginEntry.getExpansion().getExpansionLocStart() ==
            EndEntry.getExpansion().getExpansionLocStart()) {
      Range.setBegin(SM.getImmediateSpellingLoc(Begin));
      Range.setEnd(SM.getImmediateSpellingLoc(End));
      return makeFileCharRange(Range, SM, LangOpts);
    }
  }

  return CharSourceRange();
}

StringRef Lexer::getSourceText(CharSourceRange Range,
                               const SourceManager &SM,
                               const LangOptions &LangOpts,
                               bool *Invalid) {
  Range = makeFileCharRange(Range, SM, LangOpts);
  if (Range.isInvalid()) {
    if (Invalid) *Invalid = true;
    return StringRef();
  }

  // Break down the source location.
  std::pair<FileID, unsigned> beginInfo = SM.getDecomposedLoc(Range.getBegin());
  if (beginInfo.first.isInvalid()) {
    if (Invalid) *Invalid = true;
    return StringRef();
  }

  unsigned EndOffs;
  if (!SM.isInFileID(Range.getEnd(), beginInfo.first, &EndOffs) ||
      beginInfo.second > EndOffs) {
    if (Invalid) *Invalid = true;
    return StringRef();
  }

  // Try to the load the file buffer.
  bool invalidTemp = false;
  StringRef file = SM.getBufferData(beginInfo.first, &invalidTemp);
  if (invalidTemp) {
    if (Invalid) *Invalid = true;
    return StringRef();
  }

  if (Invalid) *Invalid = false;
  return file.substr(beginInfo.second, EndOffs - beginInfo.second);
}

StringRef Lexer::getImmediateMacroName(SourceLocation Loc,
                                       const SourceManager &SM,
                                       const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  assert(Loc.isMacroID() && "Only reasonble to call this on macros");

  // Find the location of the immediate macro expansion.
  while (true) {
    FileID FID = SM.getFileID(Loc);
    const SrcMgr::SLocEntry *E = &SM.getSLocEntry(FID);
    const SrcMgr::ExpansionInfo &Expansion = E->getExpansion();
    Loc = Expansion.getExpansionLocStart();
    if (!Expansion.isMacroArgExpansion())
      break;

    // For macro arguments we need to check that the argument did not come
    // from an inner macro, e.g: "MAC1( MAC2(foo) )"
    
    // Loc points to the argument id of the macro definition, move to the
    // macro expansion.
    Loc = SM.getImmediateExpansionRange(Loc).first;
    SourceLocation SpellLoc = Expansion.getSpellingLoc();
    if (SpellLoc.isFileID())
      break; // No inner macro.

    // If spelling location resides in the same FileID as macro expansion
    // location, it means there is no inner macro.
    FileID MacroFID = SM.getFileID(Loc);
    if (SM.isInFileID(SpellLoc, MacroFID))
      break;

    // Argument came from inner macro.
    Loc = SpellLoc;
  }

  // Find the spelling location of the start of the non-argument expansion
  // range. This is where the macro name was spelled in order to begin
  // expanding this macro.
  Loc = SM.getSpellingLoc(Loc);

  // Dig out the buffer where the macro name was spelled and the extents of the
  // name so that we can render it into the expansion note.
  std::pair<FileID, unsigned> ExpansionInfo = SM.getDecomposedLoc(Loc);
  unsigned MacroTokenLength = Lexer::MeasureTokenLength(Loc, SM, LangOpts);
  StringRef ExpansionBuffer = SM.getBufferData(ExpansionInfo.first);
  return ExpansionBuffer.substr(ExpansionInfo.second, MacroTokenLength);
}

StringRef Lexer::getImmediateMacroNameForDiagnostics(
    SourceLocation Loc, const SourceManager &SM, const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  assert(Loc.isMacroID() && "Only reasonble to call this on macros");
  // Walk past macro argument expanions.
  while (SM.isMacroArgExpansion(Loc))
    Loc = SM.getImmediateExpansionRange(Loc).first;

  // If the macro's spelling has no FileID, then it's actually a token paste
  // or stringization (or similar) and not a macro at all.
  if (!SM.getFileEntryForID(SM.getFileID(SM.getSpellingLoc(Loc))))
    return StringRef();

  // Find the spelling location of the start of the non-argument expansion
  // range. This is where the macro name was spelled in order to begin
  // expanding this macro.
  Loc = SM.getSpellingLoc(SM.getImmediateExpansionRange(Loc).first);

  // Dig out the buffer where the macro name was spelled and the extents of the
  // name so that we can render it into the expansion note.
  std::pair<FileID, unsigned> ExpansionInfo = SM.getDecomposedLoc(Loc);
  unsigned MacroTokenLength = Lexer::MeasureTokenLength(Loc, SM, LangOpts);
  StringRef ExpansionBuffer = SM.getBufferData(ExpansionInfo.first);
  return ExpansionBuffer.substr(ExpansionInfo.second, MacroTokenLength);
}

bool Lexer::isIdentifierBodyChar(char c, const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  return isIdentifierBody(c, LangOpts.DollarIdents);
}

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// Diagnostics forwarding code.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

/// GetMappedTokenLoc - If lexing out of a 'mapped buffer', where we pretend the
/// lexer buffer was all expanded at a single point, perform the mapping.
/// This is currently only used for _Pragma implementation, so it is the slow
/// path of the hot getSourceLocation method.  Do not allow it to be inlined.
static LLVM_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE SourceLocation GetMappedTokenLoc(
    Preprocessor &PP, SourceLocation FileLoc, unsigned CharNo, unsigned TokLen);
static SourceLocation GetMappedTokenLoc(Preprocessor &PP,
                                        SourceLocation FileLoc,
                                        unsigned CharNo, unsigned TokLen) {
  assert(FileLoc.isMacroID() && "Must be a macro expansion");

  // Otherwise, we're lexing "mapped tokens".  This is used for things like
  // _Pragma handling.  Combine the expansion location of FileLoc with the
  // spelling location.
  SourceManager &SM = PP.getSourceManager();

  // Create a new SLoc which is expanded from Expansion(FileLoc) but whose
  // characters come from spelling(FileLoc)+Offset.
  SourceLocation SpellingLoc = SM.getSpellingLoc(FileLoc);
  SpellingLoc = SpellingLoc.getLocWithOffset(CharNo);

  // Figure out the expansion loc range, which is the range covered by the
  // original _Pragma(...) sequence.
  std::pair<SourceLocation,SourceLocation> II =
    SM.getImmediateExpansionRange(FileLoc);

  return SM.createExpansionLoc(SpellingLoc, II.first, II.second, TokLen);
}

/// getSourceLocation - Return a source location identifier for the specified
/// offset in the current file.
SourceLocation Lexer::getSourceLocation(const char *Loc,
                                        unsigned TokLen) const {
  assert(Loc >= BufferStart && Loc <= BufferEnd &&
         "Location out of range for this buffer!");

  // In the normal case, we're just lexing from a simple file buffer, return
  // the file id from FileLoc with the offset specified.
  unsigned CharNo = Loc-BufferStart;
  if (FileLoc.isFileID())
    return FileLoc.getLocWithOffset(CharNo);

  // Otherwise, this is the _Pragma lexer case, which pretends that all of the
  // tokens are lexed from where the _Pragma was defined.
  assert(PP && "This doesn't work on raw lexers");
  return GetMappedTokenLoc(*PP, FileLoc, CharNo, TokLen);
}

/// Diag - Forwarding function for diagnostics.  This translate a source
/// position in the current buffer into a SourceLocation object for rendering.
DiagnosticBuilder Lexer::Diag(const char *Loc, unsigned DiagID) const {
  return PP->Diag(getSourceLocation(Loc), DiagID);
}

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// Trigraph and Escaped Newline Handling Code.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

/// GetTrigraphCharForLetter - Given a character that occurs after a ?? pair,
/// return the decoded trigraph letter it corresponds to, or '\0' if nothing.
static char GetTrigraphCharForLetter(char Letter) {
  switch (Letter) {
  default:   return 0;
  case '=':  return '#';
  case ')':  return ']';
  case '(':  return '[';
  case '!':  return '|';
  case '\'': return '^';
  case '>':  return '}';
  case '/':  return '\\';
  case '<':  return '{';
  case '-':  return '~';
  }
}

/// DecodeTrigraphChar - If the specified character is a legal trigraph when
/// prefixed with ??, emit a trigraph warning.  If trigraphs are enabled,
/// return the result character.  Finally, emit a warning about trigraph use
/// whether trigraphs are enabled or not.
static char DecodeTrigraphChar(const char *CP, Lexer *L) {
  char Res = GetTrigraphCharForLetter(*CP);
  if (!Res || !L) return Res;

  if (!L->getLangOpts().Trigraphs) {
    if (!L->isLexingRawMode())
      L->Diag(CP-2, diag::trigraph_ignored);
    return 0;
  }

  if (!L->isLexingRawMode())
    L->Diag(CP-2, diag::trigraph_converted) << StringRef(&Res, 1);
  return Res;
}

/// getEscapedNewLineSize - Return the size of the specified escaped newline,
/// or 0 if it is not an escaped newline. P[-1] is known to be a "\" or a
/// trigraph equivalent on entry to this function.
unsigned Lexer::getEscapedNewLineSize(const char *Ptr) {
  unsigned Size = 0;
  while (isWhitespace(Ptr[Size])) {
    ++Size;

    if (Ptr[Size-1] != '\n' && Ptr[Size-1] != '\r')
      continue;

    // If this is a \r\n or \n\r, skip the other half.
    if ((Ptr[Size] == '\r' || Ptr[Size] == '\n') &&
        Ptr[Size-1] != Ptr[Size])
      ++Size;

    return Size;
  }

  // Not an escaped newline, must be a \t or something else.
  return 0;
}

/// SkipEscapedNewLines - If P points to an escaped newline (or a series of
/// them), skip over them and return the first non-escaped-newline found,
/// otherwise return P.
const char *Lexer::SkipEscapedNewLines(const char *P) {
  while (true) {
    const char *AfterEscape;
    if (*P == '\\') {
      AfterEscape = P+1;
    } else if (*P == '?') {
      // If not a trigraph for escape, bail out.
      if (P[1] != '?' || P[2] != '/')
        return P;
      // FIXME: Take LangOpts into account; the language might not
      // support trigraphs.
      AfterEscape = P+3;
    } else {
      return P;
    }

    unsigned NewLineSize = Lexer::getEscapedNewLineSize(AfterEscape);
    if (NewLineSize == 0) return P;
    P = AfterEscape+NewLineSize;
  }
}

/// \brief Checks that the given token is the first token that occurs after the
/// given location (this excludes comments and whitespace). Returns the location
/// immediately after the specified token. If the token is not found or the
/// location is inside a macro, the returned source location will be invalid.
SourceLocation Lexer::findLocationAfterToken(SourceLocation Loc,
                                        tok::TokenKind TKind,
                                        const SourceManager &SM,
                                        const LangOptions &LangOpts,
                                        bool SkipTrailingWhitespaceAndNewLine) {
  if (Loc.isMacroID()) {
    if (!Lexer::isAtEndOfMacroExpansion(Loc, SM, LangOpts, &Loc))
      return SourceLocation();
  }
  Loc = Lexer::getLocForEndOfToken(Loc, 0, SM, LangOpts);

  // Break down the source location.
  std::pair<FileID, unsigned> LocInfo = SM.getDecomposedLoc(Loc);

  // Try to load the file buffer.
  bool InvalidTemp = false;
  StringRef File = SM.getBufferData(LocInfo.first, &InvalidTemp);
  if (InvalidTemp)
    return SourceLocation();

  const char *TokenBegin = File.data() + LocInfo.second;

  // Lex from the start of the given location.
  Lexer lexer(SM.getLocForStartOfFile(LocInfo.first), LangOpts, File.begin(),
                                      TokenBegin, File.end());
  // Find the token.
  Token Tok;
  lexer.LexFromRawLexer(Tok);
  if (Tok.isNot(TKind))
    return SourceLocation();
  SourceLocation TokenLoc = Tok.getLocation();

  // Calculate how much whitespace needs to be skipped if any.
  unsigned NumWhitespaceChars = 0;
  if (SkipTrailingWhitespaceAndNewLine) {
    const char *TokenEnd = SM.getCharacterData(TokenLoc) +
                           Tok.getLength();
    unsigned char C = *TokenEnd;
    while (isHorizontalWhitespace(C)) {
      C = *(++TokenEnd);
      NumWhitespaceChars++;
    }

    // Skip \r, \n, \r\n, or \n\r
    if (C == '\n' || C == '\r') {
      char PrevC = C;
      C = *(++TokenEnd);
      NumWhitespaceChars++;
      if ((C == '\n' || C == '\r') && C != PrevC)
        NumWhitespaceChars++;
    }
  }

  return TokenLoc.getLocWithOffset(Tok.getLength() + NumWhitespaceChars);
}

/// getCharAndSizeSlow - Peek a single 'character' from the specified buffer,
/// get its size, and return it.  This is tricky in several cases:
///   1. If currently at the start of a trigraph, we warn about the trigraph,
///      then either return the trigraph (skipping 3 chars) or the '?',
///      depending on whether trigraphs are enabled or not.
///   2. If this is an escaped newline (potentially with whitespace between
///      the backslash and newline), implicitly skip the newline and return
///      the char after it.
///
/// This handles the slow/uncommon case of the getCharAndSize method.  Here we
/// know that we can accumulate into Size, and that we have already incremented
/// Ptr by Size bytes.
///
/// NOTE: When this method is updated, getCharAndSizeSlowNoWarn (below) should
/// be updated to match.
///
char Lexer::getCharAndSizeSlow(const char *Ptr, unsigned &Size,
                               Token *Tok) {
  // If we have a slash, look for an escaped newline.
  if (Ptr[0] == '\\') {
    ++Size;
    ++Ptr;
Slash:
    // Common case, backslash-char where the char is not whitespace.
    if (!isWhitespace(Ptr[0])) return '\\';

    // See if we have optional whitespace characters between the slash and
    // newline.
    if (unsigned EscapedNewLineSize = getEscapedNewLineSize(Ptr)) {
      // Remember that this token needs to be cleaned.
      if (Tok) Tok->setFlag(Token::NeedsCleaning);

      // Warn if there was whitespace between the backslash and newline.
      if (Ptr[0] != '\n' && Ptr[0] != '\r' && Tok && !isLexingRawMode())
        Diag(Ptr, diag::backslash_newline_space);

      // Found backslash<whitespace><newline>.  Parse the char after it.
      Size += EscapedNewLineSize;
      Ptr  += EscapedNewLineSize;

      // Use slow version to accumulate a correct size field.
      return getCharAndSizeSlow(Ptr, Size, Tok);
    }

    // Otherwise, this is not an escaped newline, just return the slash.
    return '\\';
  }

  // If this is a trigraph, process it.
  if (Ptr[0] == '?' && Ptr[1] == '?') {
    // If this is actually a legal trigraph (not something like "??x"), emit
    // a trigraph warning.  If so, and if trigraphs are enabled, return it.
    if (char C = DecodeTrigraphChar(Ptr+2, Tok ? this : nullptr)) {
      // Remember that this token needs to be cleaned.
      if (Tok) Tok->setFlag(Token::NeedsCleaning);

      Ptr += 3;
      Size += 3;
      if (C == '\\') goto Slash;
      return C;
    }
  }

  // If this is neither, return a single character.
  ++Size;
  return *Ptr;
}

/// getCharAndSizeSlowNoWarn - Handle the slow/uncommon case of the
/// getCharAndSizeNoWarn method.  Here we know that we can accumulate into Size,
/// and that we have already incremented Ptr by Size bytes.
///
/// NOTE: When this method is updated, getCharAndSizeSlow (above) should
/// be updated to match.
char Lexer::getCharAndSizeSlowNoWarn(const char *Ptr, unsigned &Size,
                                     const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  // If we have a slash, look for an escaped newline.
  if (Ptr[0] == '\\') {
    ++Size;
    ++Ptr;
Slash:
    // Common case, backslash-char where the char is not whitespace.
    if (!isWhitespace(Ptr[0])) return '\\';

    // See if we have optional whitespace characters followed by a newline.
    if (unsigned EscapedNewLineSize = getEscapedNewLineSize(Ptr)) {
      // Found backslash<whitespace><newline>.  Parse the char after it.
      Size += EscapedNewLineSize;
      Ptr  += EscapedNewLineSize;

      // Use slow version to accumulate a correct size field.
      return getCharAndSizeSlowNoWarn(Ptr, Size, LangOpts);
    }

    // Otherwise, this is not an escaped newline, just return the slash.
    return '\\';
  }

  // If this is a trigraph, process it.
  if (LangOpts.Trigraphs && Ptr[0] == '?' && Ptr[1] == '?') {
    // If this is actually a legal trigraph (not something like "??x"), return
    // it.
    if (char C = GetTrigraphCharForLetter(Ptr[2])) {
      Ptr += 3;
      Size += 3;
      if (C == '\\') goto Slash;
      return C;
    }
  }

  // If this is neither, return a single character.
  ++Size;
  return *Ptr;
}

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// Helper methods for lexing.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

/// \brief Routine that indiscriminately skips bytes in the source file.
void Lexer::SkipBytes(unsigned Bytes, bool StartOfLine) {
  BufferPtr += Bytes;
  if (BufferPtr > BufferEnd)
    BufferPtr = BufferEnd;
  // FIXME: What exactly does the StartOfLine bit mean?  There are two
  // possible meanings for the "start" of the line: the first token on the
  // unexpanded line, or the first token on the expanded line.
  IsAtStartOfLine = StartOfLine;
  IsAtPhysicalStartOfLine = StartOfLine;
}

static bool isAllowedIDChar(uint32_t C, const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  if (LangOpts.AsmPreprocessor) {
    return false;
  } else if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus11 || LangOpts.C11) {
    static const llvm::sys::UnicodeCharSet C11AllowedIDChars(
        C11AllowedIDCharRanges);
    return C11AllowedIDChars.contains(C);
  } else if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus) {
    static const llvm::sys::UnicodeCharSet CXX03AllowedIDChars(
        CXX03AllowedIDCharRanges);
    return CXX03AllowedIDChars.contains(C);
  } else {
    static const llvm::sys::UnicodeCharSet C99AllowedIDChars(
        C99AllowedIDCharRanges);
    return C99AllowedIDChars.contains(C);
  }
}

static bool isAllowedInitiallyIDChar(uint32_t C, const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  assert(isAllowedIDChar(C, LangOpts));
  if (LangOpts.AsmPreprocessor) {
    return false;
  } else if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus11 || LangOpts.C11) {
    static const llvm::sys::UnicodeCharSet C11DisallowedInitialIDChars(
        C11DisallowedInitialIDCharRanges);
    return !C11DisallowedInitialIDChars.contains(C);
  } else if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus) {
    return true;
  } else {
    static const llvm::sys::UnicodeCharSet C99DisallowedInitialIDChars(
        C99DisallowedInitialIDCharRanges);
    return !C99DisallowedInitialIDChars.contains(C);
  }
}

static inline CharSourceRange makeCharRange(Lexer &L, const char *Begin,
                                            const char *End) {
  return CharSourceRange::getCharRange(L.getSourceLocation(Begin),
                                       L.getSourceLocation(End));
}

static void maybeDiagnoseIDCharCompat(DiagnosticsEngine &Diags, uint32_t C,
                                      CharSourceRange Range, bool IsFirst) {
  // Check C99 compatibility.
  if (!Diags.isIgnored(diag::warn_c99_compat_unicode_id, Range.getBegin())) {
    enum {
      CannotAppearInIdentifier = 0,
      CannotStartIdentifier
    };

    static const llvm::sys::UnicodeCharSet C99AllowedIDChars(
        C99AllowedIDCharRanges);
    static const llvm::sys::UnicodeCharSet C99DisallowedInitialIDChars(
        C99DisallowedInitialIDCharRanges);
    if (!C99AllowedIDChars.contains(C)) {
      Diags.Report(Range.getBegin(), diag::warn_c99_compat_unicode_id)
        << Range
        << CannotAppearInIdentifier;
    } else if (IsFirst && C99DisallowedInitialIDChars.contains(C)) {
      Diags.Report(Range.getBegin(), diag::warn_c99_compat_unicode_id)
        << Range
        << CannotStartIdentifier;
    }
  }

  // Check C++98 compatibility.
  if (!Diags.isIgnored(diag::warn_cxx98_compat_unicode_id, Range.getBegin())) {
    static const llvm::sys::UnicodeCharSet CXX03AllowedIDChars(
        CXX03AllowedIDCharRanges);
    if (!CXX03AllowedIDChars.contains(C)) {
      Diags.Report(Range.getBegin(), diag::warn_cxx98_compat_unicode_id)
        << Range;
    }
  }
}

bool Lexer::tryConsumeIdentifierUCN(const char *&CurPtr, unsigned Size,
                                    Token &Result) {
  const char *UCNPtr = CurPtr + Size;
  uint32_t CodePoint = tryReadUCN(UCNPtr, CurPtr, /*Token=*/nullptr);
  if (CodePoint == 0 || !isAllowedIDChar(CodePoint, LangOpts))
    return false;

  if (!isLexingRawMode())
    maybeDiagnoseIDCharCompat(PP->getDiagnostics(), CodePoint,
                              makeCharRange(*this, CurPtr, UCNPtr),
                              /*IsFirst=*/false);

  Result.setFlag(Token::HasUCN);
  if ((UCNPtr - CurPtr ==  6 && CurPtr[1] == 'u') ||
      (UCNPtr - CurPtr == 10 && CurPtr[1] == 'U'))
    CurPtr = UCNPtr;
  else
    while (CurPtr != UCNPtr)
      (void)getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Result);
  return true;
}

bool Lexer::tryConsumeIdentifierUTF8Char(const char *&CurPtr) {
  const char *UnicodePtr = CurPtr;
  llvm::UTF32 CodePoint;
  llvm::ConversionResult Result =
      llvm::convertUTF8Sequence((const llvm::UTF8 **)&UnicodePtr,
                                (const llvm::UTF8 *)BufferEnd,
                                &CodePoint,
                                llvm::strictConversion);
  if (Result != llvm::conversionOK ||
      !isAllowedIDChar(static_cast<uint32_t>(CodePoint), LangOpts))
    return false;

  if (!isLexingRawMode())
    maybeDiagnoseIDCharCompat(PP->getDiagnostics(), CodePoint,
                              makeCharRange(*this, CurPtr, UnicodePtr),
                              /*IsFirst=*/false);

  CurPtr = UnicodePtr;
  return true;
}

bool Lexer::LexIdentifier(Token &Result, const char *CurPtr) {
  // Match [_A-Za-z0-9]*, we have already matched [_A-Za-z$]
  unsigned Size;
  unsigned char C = *CurPtr++;
  while (isIdentifierBody(C))
    C = *CurPtr++;

  --CurPtr;   // Back up over the skipped character.

  // Fast path, no $,\,? in identifier found.  '\' might be an escaped newline
  // or UCN, and ? might be a trigraph for '\', an escaped newline or UCN.
  //
  // TODO: Could merge these checks into an InfoTable flag to make the
  // comparison cheaper
  if (isASCII(C) && C != '\\' && C != '?' &&
      (C != '$' || !LangOpts.DollarIdents)) {
FinishIdentifier:
    const char *IdStart = BufferPtr;
    FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::raw_identifier);
    Result.setRawIdentifierData(IdStart);

    // If we are in raw mode, return this identifier raw.  There is no need to
    // look up identifier information or attempt to macro expand it.
    if (LexingRawMode)
      return true;

    // Fill in Result.IdentifierInfo and update the token kind,
    // looking up the identifier in the identifier table.
    IdentifierInfo *II = PP->LookUpIdentifierInfo(Result);

    // Finally, now that we know we have an identifier, pass this off to the
    // preprocessor, which may macro expand it or something.
    if (II->isHandleIdentifierCase())
      return PP->HandleIdentifier(Result);

    if (II->getTokenID() == tok::identifier && isCodeCompletionPoint(CurPtr)
        && II->getPPKeywordID() == tok::pp_not_keyword
        && II->getObjCKeywordID() == tok::objc_not_keyword) {
      // Return the code-completion token.
      Result.setKind(tok::code_completion);
      cutOffLexing();
      return true;
    }
    return true;
  }

  // Otherwise, $,\,? in identifier found.  Enter slower path.

  C = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, Size);
  while (true) {
    if (C == '$') {
      // If we hit a $ and they are not supported in identifiers, we are done.
      if (!LangOpts.DollarIdents) goto FinishIdentifier;

      // Otherwise, emit a diagnostic and continue.
      if (!isLexingRawMode())
        Diag(CurPtr, diag::ext_dollar_in_identifier);
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, Size, Result);
      C = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, Size);
      continue;

    } else if (C == '\\' && tryConsumeIdentifierUCN(CurPtr, Size, Result)) {
      C = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, Size);
      continue;
    } else if (!isASCII(C) && tryConsumeIdentifierUTF8Char(CurPtr)) {
      C = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, Size);
      continue;
    } else if (!isIdentifierBody(C)) {
      goto FinishIdentifier;
    }

    // Otherwise, this character is good, consume it.
    CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, Size, Result);

    C = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, Size);
    while (isIdentifierBody(C)) {
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, Size, Result);
      C = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, Size);
    }
  }
}

/// isHexaLiteral - Return true if Start points to a hex constant.
/// in microsoft mode (where this is supposed to be several different tokens).
bool Lexer::isHexaLiteral(const char *Start, const LangOptions &LangOpts) {
  unsigned Size;
  char C1 = Lexer::getCharAndSizeNoWarn(Start, Size, LangOpts);
  if (C1 != '0')
    return false;
  char C2 = Lexer::getCharAndSizeNoWarn(Start + Size, Size, LangOpts);
  return (C2 == 'x' || C2 == 'X');
}

/// LexNumericConstant - Lex the remainder of a integer or floating point
/// constant. From[-1] is the first character lexed.  Return the end of the
/// constant.
bool Lexer::LexNumericConstant(Token &Result, const char *CurPtr) {
  unsigned Size;
  char C = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, Size);
  char PrevCh = 0;
  while (isPreprocessingNumberBody(C)) {
    CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, Size, Result);
    PrevCh = C;
    C = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, Size);
  }

  // If we fell out, check for a sign, due to 1e+12.  If we have one, continue.
  if ((C == '-' || C == '+') && (PrevCh == 'E' || PrevCh == 'e')) {
    // If we are in Microsoft mode, don't continue if the constant is hex.
    // For example, MSVC will accept the following as 3 tokens: 0x1234567e+1
    if (!LangOpts.MicrosoftExt || !isHexaLiteral(BufferPtr, LangOpts))
      return LexNumericConstant(Result, ConsumeChar(CurPtr, Size, Result));
  }

  // If we have a hex FP constant, continue.
  if ((C == '-' || C == '+') && (PrevCh == 'P' || PrevCh == 'p')) {
    // Outside C99 and C++17, we accept hexadecimal floating point numbers as a
    // not-quite-conforming extension. Only do so if this looks like it's
    // actually meant to be a hexfloat, and not if it has a ud-suffix.
    bool IsHexFloat = true;
    if (!LangOpts.C99) {
      if (!isHexaLiteral(BufferPtr, LangOpts))
        IsHexFloat = false;
      else if (!getLangOpts().CPlusPlus1z &&
               std::find(BufferPtr, CurPtr, '_') != CurPtr)
        IsHexFloat = false;
    }
    if (IsHexFloat)
      return LexNumericConstant(Result, ConsumeChar(CurPtr, Size, Result));
  }

  // If we have a digit separator, continue.
  if (C == '\'' && getLangOpts().CPlusPlus14) {
    unsigned NextSize;
    char Next = getCharAndSizeNoWarn(CurPtr + Size, NextSize, getLangOpts());
    if (isIdentifierBody(Next)) {
      if (!isLexingRawMode())
        Diag(CurPtr, diag::warn_cxx11_compat_digit_separator);
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, Size, Result);
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, NextSize, Result);
      return LexNumericConstant(Result, CurPtr);
    }
  }

  // If we have a UCN or UTF-8 character (perhaps in a ud-suffix), continue.
  if (C == '\\' && tryConsumeIdentifierUCN(CurPtr, Size, Result))
    return LexNumericConstant(Result, CurPtr);
  if (!isASCII(C) && tryConsumeIdentifierUTF8Char(CurPtr))
    return LexNumericConstant(Result, CurPtr);

  // Update the location of token as well as BufferPtr.
  const char *TokStart = BufferPtr;
  FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::numeric_constant);
  Result.setLiteralData(TokStart);
  return true;
}

/// LexUDSuffix - Lex the ud-suffix production for user-defined literal suffixes
/// in C++11, or warn on a ud-suffix in C++98.
const char *Lexer::LexUDSuffix(Token &Result, const char *CurPtr,
                               bool IsStringLiteral) {
  assert(getLangOpts().CPlusPlus);

  // Maximally munch an identifier.
  unsigned Size;
  char C = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, Size);
  bool Consumed = false;

  if (!isIdentifierHead(C)) {
    if (C == '\\' && tryConsumeIdentifierUCN(CurPtr, Size, Result))
      Consumed = true;
    else if (!isASCII(C) && tryConsumeIdentifierUTF8Char(CurPtr))
      Consumed = true;
    else
      return CurPtr;
  }

  if (!getLangOpts().CPlusPlus11) {
    if (!isLexingRawMode())
      Diag(CurPtr,
           C == '_' ? diag::warn_cxx11_compat_user_defined_literal
                    : diag::warn_cxx11_compat_reserved_user_defined_literal)
        << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(getSourceLocation(CurPtr), " ");
    return CurPtr;
  }

  // C++11 [lex.ext]p10, [usrlit.suffix]p1: A program containing a ud-suffix
  // that does not start with an underscore is ill-formed. As a conforming
  // extension, we treat all such suffixes as if they had whitespace before
  // them. We assume a suffix beginning with a UCN or UTF-8 character is more
  // likely to be a ud-suffix than a macro, however, and accept that.
  if (!Consumed) {
    bool IsUDSuffix = false;
    if (C == '_')
      IsUDSuffix = true;
    else if (IsStringLiteral && getLangOpts().CPlusPlus14) {
      // In C++1y, we need to look ahead a few characters to see if this is a
      // valid suffix for a string literal or a numeric literal (this could be
      // the 'operator""if' defining a numeric literal operator).
      const unsigned MaxStandardSuffixLength = 3;
      char Buffer[MaxStandardSuffixLength] = { C };
      unsigned Consumed = Size;
      unsigned Chars = 1;
      while (true) {
        unsigned NextSize;
        char Next = getCharAndSizeNoWarn(CurPtr + Consumed, NextSize,
                                         getLangOpts());
        if (!isIdentifierBody(Next)) {
          // End of suffix. Check whether this is on the whitelist.
          const StringRef CompleteSuffix(Buffer, Chars);
          IsUDSuffix = StringLiteralParser::isValidUDSuffix(getLangOpts(),
                                                            CompleteSuffix);
          break;
        }

        if (Chars == MaxStandardSuffixLength)
          // Too long: can't be a standard suffix.
          break;

        Buffer[Chars++] = Next;
        Consumed += NextSize;
      }
    }

    if (!IsUDSuffix) {
      if (!isLexingRawMode())
        Diag(CurPtr, getLangOpts().MSVCCompat
                         ? diag::ext_ms_reserved_user_defined_literal
                         : diag::ext_reserved_user_defined_literal)
          << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(getSourceLocation(CurPtr), " ");
      return CurPtr;
    }

    CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, Size, Result);
  }

  Result.setFlag(Token::HasUDSuffix);
  while (true) {
    C = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, Size);
    if (isIdentifierBody(C)) { CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, Size, Result); }
    else if (C == '\\' && tryConsumeIdentifierUCN(CurPtr, Size, Result)) {}
    else if (!isASCII(C) && tryConsumeIdentifierUTF8Char(CurPtr)) {}
    else break;
  }

  return CurPtr;
}

/// LexStringLiteral - Lex the remainder of a string literal, after having lexed
/// either " or L" or u8" or u" or U".
bool Lexer::LexStringLiteral(Token &Result, const char *CurPtr,
                             tok::TokenKind Kind) {
  // Does this string contain the \0 character?
  const char *NulCharacter = nullptr;

  if (!isLexingRawMode() &&
      (Kind == tok::utf8_string_literal ||
       Kind == tok::utf16_string_literal ||
       Kind == tok::utf32_string_literal))
    Diag(BufferPtr, getLangOpts().CPlusPlus
           ? diag::warn_cxx98_compat_unicode_literal
           : diag::warn_c99_compat_unicode_literal);

  char C = getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Result);
  while (C != '"') {
    // Skip escaped characters.  Escaped newlines will already be processed by
    // getAndAdvanceChar.
    if (C == '\\')
      C = getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Result);
    
    if (C == '\n' || C == '\r' ||             // Newline.
        (C == 0 && CurPtr-1 == BufferEnd)) {  // End of file.
      if (!isLexingRawMode() && !LangOpts.AsmPreprocessor)
        Diag(BufferPtr, diag::ext_unterminated_char_or_string) << 1;
      FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr-1, tok::unknown);
      return true;
    }
    
    if (C == 0) {
      if (isCodeCompletionPoint(CurPtr-1)) {
        PP->CodeCompleteNaturalLanguage();
        FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr-1, tok::unknown);
        cutOffLexing();
        return true;
      }

      NulCharacter = CurPtr-1;
    }
    C = getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Result);
  }

  // If we are in C++11, lex the optional ud-suffix.
  if (getLangOpts().CPlusPlus)
    CurPtr = LexUDSuffix(Result, CurPtr, true);

  // If a nul character existed in the string, warn about it.
  if (NulCharacter && !isLexingRawMode())
    Diag(NulCharacter, diag::null_in_char_or_string) << 1;

  // Update the location of the token as well as the BufferPtr instance var.
  const char *TokStart = BufferPtr;
  FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, Kind);
  Result.setLiteralData(TokStart);
  return true;
}

/// LexRawStringLiteral - Lex the remainder of a raw string literal, after
/// having lexed R", LR", u8R", uR", or UR".
bool Lexer::LexRawStringLiteral(Token &Result, const char *CurPtr,
                                tok::TokenKind Kind) {
  // This function doesn't use getAndAdvanceChar because C++0x [lex.pptoken]p3:
  //  Between the initial and final double quote characters of the raw string,
  //  any transformations performed in phases 1 and 2 (trigraphs,
  //  universal-character-names, and line splicing) are reverted.

  if (!isLexingRawMode())
    Diag(BufferPtr, diag::warn_cxx98_compat_raw_string_literal);

  unsigned PrefixLen = 0;

  while (PrefixLen != 16 && isRawStringDelimBody(CurPtr[PrefixLen]))
    ++PrefixLen;

  // If the last character was not a '(', then we didn't lex a valid delimiter.
  if (CurPtr[PrefixLen] != '(') {
    if (!isLexingRawMode()) {
      const char *PrefixEnd = &CurPtr[PrefixLen];
      if (PrefixLen == 16) {
        Diag(PrefixEnd, diag::err_raw_delim_too_long);
      } else {
        Diag(PrefixEnd, diag::err_invalid_char_raw_delim)
          << StringRef(PrefixEnd, 1);
      }
    }

    // Search for the next '"' in hopes of salvaging the lexer. Unfortunately,
    // it's possible the '"' was intended to be part of the raw string, but
    // there's not much we can do about that.
    while (true) {
      char C = *CurPtr++;

      if (C == '"')
        break;
      if (C == 0 && CurPtr-1 == BufferEnd) {
        --CurPtr;
        break;
      }
    }

    FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::unknown);
    return true;
  }

  // Save prefix and move CurPtr past it
  const char *Prefix = CurPtr;
  CurPtr += PrefixLen + 1; // skip over prefix and '('

  while (true) {
    char C = *CurPtr++;

    if (C == ')') {
      // Check for prefix match and closing quote.
      if (strncmp(CurPtr, Prefix, PrefixLen) == 0 && CurPtr[PrefixLen] == '"') {
        CurPtr += PrefixLen + 1; // skip over prefix and '"'
        break;
      }
    } else if (C == 0 && CurPtr-1 == BufferEnd) { // End of file.
      if (!isLexingRawMode())
        Diag(BufferPtr, diag::err_unterminated_raw_string)
          << StringRef(Prefix, PrefixLen);
      FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr-1, tok::unknown);
      return true;
    }
  }

  // If we are in C++11, lex the optional ud-suffix.
  if (getLangOpts().CPlusPlus)
    CurPtr = LexUDSuffix(Result, CurPtr, true);

  // Update the location of token as well as BufferPtr.
  const char *TokStart = BufferPtr;
  FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, Kind);
  Result.setLiteralData(TokStart);
  return true;
}

/// LexAngledStringLiteral - Lex the remainder of an angled string literal,
/// after having lexed the '<' character.  This is used for #include filenames.
bool Lexer::LexAngledStringLiteral(Token &Result, const char *CurPtr) {
  // Does this string contain the \0 character?
  const char *NulCharacter = nullptr;
  const char *AfterLessPos = CurPtr;
  char C = getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Result);
  while (C != '>') {
    // Skip escaped characters.
    if (C == '\\' && CurPtr < BufferEnd) {
      // Skip the escaped character.
      getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Result);
    } else if (C == '\n' || C == '\r' ||             // Newline.
               (C == 0 && (CurPtr-1 == BufferEnd ||  // End of file.
                           isCodeCompletionPoint(CurPtr-1)))) {
      // If the filename is unterminated, then it must just be a lone <
      // character.  Return this as such.
      FormTokenWithChars(Result, AfterLessPos, tok::less);
      return true;
    } else if (C == 0) {
      NulCharacter = CurPtr-1;
    }
    C = getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Result);
  }

  // If a nul character existed in the string, warn about it.
  if (NulCharacter && !isLexingRawMode())
    Diag(NulCharacter, diag::null_in_char_or_string) << 1;

  // Update the location of token as well as BufferPtr.
  const char *TokStart = BufferPtr;
  FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::angle_string_literal);
  Result.setLiteralData(TokStart);
  return true;
}

/// LexCharConstant - Lex the remainder of a character constant, after having
/// lexed either ' or L' or u8' or u' or U'.
bool Lexer::LexCharConstant(Token &Result, const char *CurPtr,
                            tok::TokenKind Kind) {
  // Does this character contain the \0 character?
  const char *NulCharacter = nullptr;

  if (!isLexingRawMode()) {
    if (Kind == tok::utf16_char_constant || Kind == tok::utf32_char_constant)
      Diag(BufferPtr, getLangOpts().CPlusPlus
                          ? diag::warn_cxx98_compat_unicode_literal
                          : diag::warn_c99_compat_unicode_literal);
    else if (Kind == tok::utf8_char_constant)
      Diag(BufferPtr, diag::warn_cxx14_compat_u8_character_literal);
  }

  char C = getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Result);
  if (C == '\'') {
    if (!isLexingRawMode() && !LangOpts.AsmPreprocessor)
      Diag(BufferPtr, diag::ext_empty_character);
    FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::unknown);
    return true;
  }

  while (C != '\'') {
    // Skip escaped characters.
    if (C == '\\')
      C = getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Result);

    if (C == '\n' || C == '\r' ||             // Newline.
        (C == 0 && CurPtr-1 == BufferEnd)) {  // End of file.
      if (!isLexingRawMode() && !LangOpts.AsmPreprocessor)
        Diag(BufferPtr, diag::ext_unterminated_char_or_string) << 0;
      FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr-1, tok::unknown);
      return true;
    }

    if (C == 0) {
      if (isCodeCompletionPoint(CurPtr-1)) {
        PP->CodeCompleteNaturalLanguage();
        FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr-1, tok::unknown);
        cutOffLexing();
        return true;
      }

      NulCharacter = CurPtr-1;
    }
    C = getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Result);
  }

  // If we are in C++11, lex the optional ud-suffix.
  if (getLangOpts().CPlusPlus)
    CurPtr = LexUDSuffix(Result, CurPtr, false);

  // If a nul character existed in the character, warn about it.
  if (NulCharacter && !isLexingRawMode())
    Diag(NulCharacter, diag::null_in_char_or_string) << 0;

  // Update the location of token as well as BufferPtr.
  const char *TokStart = BufferPtr;
  FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, Kind);
  Result.setLiteralData(TokStart);
  return true;
}

/// SkipWhitespace - Efficiently skip over a series of whitespace characters.
/// Update BufferPtr to point to the next non-whitespace character and return.
///
/// This method forms a token and returns true if KeepWhitespaceMode is enabled.
///
bool Lexer::SkipWhitespace(Token &Result, const char *CurPtr,
                           bool &TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine) {
  // Whitespace - Skip it, then return the token after the whitespace.
  bool SawNewline = isVerticalWhitespace(CurPtr[-1]);

  unsigned char Char = *CurPtr;

  // Skip consecutive spaces efficiently.
  while (true) {
    // Skip horizontal whitespace very aggressively.
    while (isHorizontalWhitespace(Char))
      Char = *++CurPtr;

    // Otherwise if we have something other than whitespace, we're done.
    if (!isVerticalWhitespace(Char))
      break;

    if (ParsingPreprocessorDirective) {
      // End of preprocessor directive line, let LexTokenInternal handle this.
      BufferPtr = CurPtr;
      return false;
    }

    // OK, but handle newline.
    SawNewline = true;
    Char = *++CurPtr;
  }

  // If the client wants us to return whitespace, return it now.
  if (isKeepWhitespaceMode()) {
    FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::unknown);
    if (SawNewline) {
      IsAtStartOfLine = true;
      IsAtPhysicalStartOfLine = true;
    }
    // FIXME: The next token will not have LeadingSpace set.
    return true;
  }

  // If this isn't immediately after a newline, there is leading space.
  char PrevChar = CurPtr[-1];
  bool HasLeadingSpace = !isVerticalWhitespace(PrevChar);

  Result.setFlagValue(Token::LeadingSpace, HasLeadingSpace);
  if (SawNewline) {
    Result.setFlag(Token::StartOfLine);
    TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine = true;
  }

  BufferPtr = CurPtr;
  return false;
}

/// We have just read the // characters from input.  Skip until we find the
/// newline character thats terminate the comment.  Then update BufferPtr and
/// return.
///
/// If we're in KeepCommentMode or any CommentHandler has inserted
/// some tokens, this will store the first token and return true.
bool Lexer::SkipLineComment(Token &Result, const char *CurPtr,
                            bool &TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine) {
  // If Line comments aren't explicitly enabled for this language, emit an
  // extension warning.
  if (!LangOpts.LineComment && !isLexingRawMode()) {
    Diag(BufferPtr, diag::ext_line_comment);

    // Mark them enabled so we only emit one warning for this translation
    // unit.
    LangOpts.LineComment = true;
  }

  // Scan over the body of the comment.  The common case, when scanning, is that
  // the comment contains normal ascii characters with nothing interesting in
  // them.  As such, optimize for this case with the inner loop.
  //
  // This loop terminates with CurPtr pointing at the newline (or end of buffer)
  // character that ends the line comment.
  char C;
  while (true) {
    C = *CurPtr;
    // Skip over characters in the fast loop.
    while (C != 0 &&                // Potentially EOF.
           C != '\n' && C != '\r')  // Newline or DOS-style newline.
      C = *++CurPtr;

    const char *NextLine = CurPtr;
    if (C != 0) {
      // We found a newline, see if it's escaped.
      const char *EscapePtr = CurPtr-1;
      bool HasSpace = false;
      while (isHorizontalWhitespace(*EscapePtr)) { // Skip whitespace.
        --EscapePtr;
        HasSpace = true;
      }

      if (*EscapePtr == '\\')
        // Escaped newline.
        CurPtr = EscapePtr;
      else if (EscapePtr[0] == '/' && EscapePtr[-1] == '?' &&
               EscapePtr[-2] == '?' && LangOpts.Trigraphs)
        // Trigraph-escaped newline.
        CurPtr = EscapePtr-2;
      else
        break; // This is a newline, we're done.

      // If there was space between the backslash and newline, warn about it.
      if (HasSpace && !isLexingRawMode())
        Diag(EscapePtr, diag::backslash_newline_space);
    }

    // Otherwise, this is a hard case.  Fall back on getAndAdvanceChar to
    // properly decode the character.  Read it in raw mode to avoid emitting
    // diagnostics about things like trigraphs.  If we see an escaped newline,
    // we'll handle it below.
    const char *OldPtr = CurPtr;
    bool OldRawMode = isLexingRawMode();
    LexingRawMode = true;
    C = getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Result);
    LexingRawMode = OldRawMode;

    // If we only read only one character, then no special handling is needed.
    // We're done and can skip forward to the newline.
    if (C != 0 && CurPtr == OldPtr+1) {
      CurPtr = NextLine;
      break;
    }

    // If we read multiple characters, and one of those characters was a \r or
    // \n, then we had an escaped newline within the comment.  Emit diagnostic
    // unless the next line is also a // comment.
    if (CurPtr != OldPtr+1 && C != '/' && CurPtr[0] != '/') {
      for (; OldPtr != CurPtr; ++OldPtr)
        if (OldPtr[0] == '\n' || OldPtr[0] == '\r') {
          // Okay, we found a // comment that ends in a newline, if the next
          // line is also a // comment, but has spaces, don't emit a diagnostic.
          if (isWhitespace(C)) {
            const char *ForwardPtr = CurPtr;
            while (isWhitespace(*ForwardPtr))  // Skip whitespace.
              ++ForwardPtr;
            if (ForwardPtr[0] == '/' && ForwardPtr[1] == '/')
              break;
          }

          if (!isLexingRawMode())
            Diag(OldPtr-1, diag::ext_multi_line_line_comment);
          break;
        }
    }

    if (C == '\r' || C == '\n' || CurPtr == BufferEnd + 1) {
      --CurPtr;
      break;
    }

    if (C == '\0' && isCodeCompletionPoint(CurPtr-1)) {
      PP->CodeCompleteNaturalLanguage();
      cutOffLexing();
      return false;
    }
  }

  // Found but did not consume the newline.  Notify comment handlers about the
  // comment unless we're in a #if 0 block.
  if (PP && !isLexingRawMode() &&
      PP->HandleComment(Result, SourceRange(getSourceLocation(BufferPtr),
                                            getSourceLocation(CurPtr)))) {
    BufferPtr = CurPtr;
    return true; // A token has to be returned.
  }

  // If we are returning comments as tokens, return this comment as a token.
  if (inKeepCommentMode())
    return SaveLineComment(Result, CurPtr);

  // If we are inside a preprocessor directive and we see the end of line,
  // return immediately, so that the lexer can return this as an EOD token.
  if (ParsingPreprocessorDirective || CurPtr == BufferEnd) {
    BufferPtr = CurPtr;
    return false;
  }

  // Otherwise, eat the \n character.  We don't care if this is a \n\r or
  // \r\n sequence.  This is an efficiency hack (because we know the \n can't
  // contribute to another token), it isn't needed for correctness.  Note that
  // this is ok even in KeepWhitespaceMode, because we would have returned the
  /// comment above in that mode.
  ++CurPtr;

  // The next returned token is at the start of the line.
  Result.setFlag(Token::StartOfLine);
  TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine = true;
  // No leading whitespace seen so far.
  Result.clearFlag(Token::LeadingSpace);
  BufferPtr = CurPtr;
  return false;
}

/// If in save-comment mode, package up this Line comment in an appropriate
/// way and return it.
bool Lexer::SaveLineComment(Token &Result, const char *CurPtr) {
  // If we're not in a preprocessor directive, just return the // comment
  // directly.
  FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::comment);

  if (!ParsingPreprocessorDirective || LexingRawMode)
    return true;

  // If this Line-style comment is in a macro definition, transmogrify it into
  // a C-style block comment.
  bool Invalid = false;
  std::string Spelling = PP->getSpelling(Result, &Invalid);
  if (Invalid)
    return true;
  
  assert(Spelling[0] == '/' && Spelling[1] == '/' && "Not line comment?");
  Spelling[1] = '*';   // Change prefix to "/*".
  Spelling += "*/";    // add suffix.

  Result.setKind(tok::comment);
  PP->CreateString(Spelling, Result,
                   Result.getLocation(), Result.getLocation());
  return true;
}

/// isBlockCommentEndOfEscapedNewLine - Return true if the specified newline
/// character (either \\n or \\r) is part of an escaped newline sequence.  Issue
/// a diagnostic if so.  We know that the newline is inside of a block comment.
static bool isEndOfBlockCommentWithEscapedNewLine(const char *CurPtr,
                                                  Lexer *L) {
  assert(CurPtr[0] == '\n' || CurPtr[0] == '\r');

  // Back up off the newline.
  --CurPtr;

  // If this is a two-character newline sequence, skip the other character.
  if (CurPtr[0] == '\n' || CurPtr[0] == '\r') {
    // \n\n or \r\r -> not escaped newline.
    if (CurPtr[0] == CurPtr[1])
      return false;
    // \n\r or \r\n -> skip the newline.
    --CurPtr;
  }

  // If we have horizontal whitespace, skip over it.  We allow whitespace
  // between the slash and newline.
  bool HasSpace = false;
  while (isHorizontalWhitespace(*CurPtr) || *CurPtr == 0) {
    --CurPtr;
    HasSpace = true;
  }

  // If we have a slash, we know this is an escaped newline.
  if (*CurPtr == '\\') {
    if (CurPtr[-1] != '*') return false;
  } else {
    // It isn't a slash, is it the ?? / trigraph?
    if (CurPtr[0] != '/' || CurPtr[-1] != '?' || CurPtr[-2] != '?' ||
        CurPtr[-3] != '*')
      return false;

    // This is the trigraph ending the comment.  Emit a stern warning!
    CurPtr -= 2;

    // If no trigraphs are enabled, warn that we ignored this trigraph and
    // ignore this * character.
    if (!L->getLangOpts().Trigraphs) {
      if (!L->isLexingRawMode())
        L->Diag(CurPtr, diag::trigraph_ignored_block_comment);
      return false;
    }
    if (!L->isLexingRawMode())
      L->Diag(CurPtr, diag::trigraph_ends_block_comment);
  }

  // Warn about having an escaped newline between the */ characters.
  if (!L->isLexingRawMode())
    L->Diag(CurPtr, diag::escaped_newline_block_comment_end);

  // If there was space between the backslash and newline, warn about it.
  if (HasSpace && !L->isLexingRawMode())
    L->Diag(CurPtr, diag::backslash_newline_space);

  return true;
}

#ifdef __SSE2__
#include <emmintrin.h>
#elif __ALTIVEC__
#include <altivec.h>
#undef bool
#endif

/// We have just read from input the / and * characters that started a comment.
/// Read until we find the * and / characters that terminate the comment.
/// Note that we don't bother decoding trigraphs or escaped newlines in block
/// comments, because they cannot cause the comment to end.  The only thing
/// that can happen is the comment could end with an escaped newline between
/// the terminating * and /.
///
/// If we're in KeepCommentMode or any CommentHandler has inserted
/// some tokens, this will store the first token and return true.
bool Lexer::SkipBlockComment(Token &Result, const char *CurPtr,
                             bool &TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine) {
  // Scan one character past where we should, looking for a '/' character.  Once
  // we find it, check to see if it was preceded by a *.  This common
  // optimization helps people who like to put a lot of * characters in their
  // comments.

  // The first character we get with newlines and trigraphs skipped to handle
  // the degenerate /*/ case below correctly if the * has an escaped newline
  // after it.
  unsigned CharSize;
  unsigned char C = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, CharSize);
  CurPtr += CharSize;
  if (C == 0 && CurPtr == BufferEnd+1) {
    if (!isLexingRawMode())
      Diag(BufferPtr, diag::err_unterminated_block_comment);
    --CurPtr;

    // KeepWhitespaceMode should return this broken comment as a token.  Since
    // it isn't a well formed comment, just return it as an 'unknown' token.
    if (isKeepWhitespaceMode()) {
      FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::unknown);
      return true;
    }

    BufferPtr = CurPtr;
    return false;
  }

  // Check to see if the first character after the '/*' is another /.  If so,
  // then this slash does not end the block comment, it is part of it.
  if (C == '/')
    C = *CurPtr++;

  while (true) {
    // Skip over all non-interesting characters until we find end of buffer or a
    // (probably ending) '/' character.
    if (CurPtr + 24 < BufferEnd &&
        // If there is a code-completion point avoid the fast scan because it
        // doesn't check for '\0'.
        !(PP && PP->getCodeCompletionFileLoc() == FileLoc)) {
      // While not aligned to a 16-byte boundary.
      while (C != '/' && ((intptr_t)CurPtr & 0x0F) != 0)
        C = *CurPtr++;

      if (C == '/') goto FoundSlash;

#ifdef __SSE2__
      __m128i Slashes = _mm_set1_epi8('/');
      while (CurPtr+16 <= BufferEnd) {
        int cmp = _mm_movemask_epi8(_mm_cmpeq_epi8(*(const __m128i*)CurPtr,
                                    Slashes));
        if (cmp != 0) {
          // Adjust the pointer to point directly after the first slash. It's
          // not necessary to set C here, it will be overwritten at the end of
          // the outer loop.
          CurPtr += llvm::countTrailingZeros<unsigned>(cmp) + 1;
          goto FoundSlash;
        }
        CurPtr += 16;
      }
#elif __ALTIVEC__
      __vector unsigned char Slashes = {
        '/', '/', '/', '/',  '/', '/', '/', '/',
        '/', '/', '/', '/',  '/', '/', '/', '/'
      };
      while (CurPtr+16 <= BufferEnd &&
             !vec_any_eq(*(const vector unsigned char*)CurPtr, Slashes))
        CurPtr += 16;
#else
      // Scan for '/' quickly.  Many block comments are very large.
      while (CurPtr[0] != '/' &&
             CurPtr[1] != '/' &&
             CurPtr[2] != '/' &&
             CurPtr[3] != '/' &&
             CurPtr+4 < BufferEnd) {
        CurPtr += 4;
      }
#endif

      // It has to be one of the bytes scanned, increment to it and read one.
      C = *CurPtr++;
    }

    // Loop to scan the remainder.
    while (C != '/' && C != '\0')
      C = *CurPtr++;

    if (C == '/') {
  FoundSlash:
      if (CurPtr[-2] == '*')  // We found the final */.  We're done!
        break;

      if ((CurPtr[-2] == '\n' || CurPtr[-2] == '\r')) {
        if (isEndOfBlockCommentWithEscapedNewLine(CurPtr-2, this)) {
          // We found the final */, though it had an escaped newline between the
          // * and /.  We're done!
          break;
        }
      }
      if (CurPtr[0] == '*' && CurPtr[1] != '/') {
        // If this is a /* inside of the comment, emit a warning.  Don't do this
        // if this is a /*/, which will end the comment.  This misses cases with
        // embedded escaped newlines, but oh well.
        if (!isLexingRawMode())
          Diag(CurPtr-1, diag::warn_nested_block_comment);
      }
    } else if (C == 0 && CurPtr == BufferEnd+1) {
      if (!isLexingRawMode())
        Diag(BufferPtr, diag::err_unterminated_block_comment);
      // Note: the user probably forgot a */.  We could continue immediately
      // after the /*, but this would involve lexing a lot of what really is the
      // comment, which surely would confuse the parser.
      --CurPtr;

      // KeepWhitespaceMode should return this broken comment as a token.  Since
      // it isn't a well formed comment, just return it as an 'unknown' token.
      if (isKeepWhitespaceMode()) {
        FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::unknown);
        return true;
      }

      BufferPtr = CurPtr;
      return false;
    } else if (C == '\0' && isCodeCompletionPoint(CurPtr-1)) {
      PP->CodeCompleteNaturalLanguage();
      cutOffLexing();
      return false;
    }

    C = *CurPtr++;
  }

  // Notify comment handlers about the comment unless we're in a #if 0 block.
  if (PP && !isLexingRawMode() &&
      PP->HandleComment(Result, SourceRange(getSourceLocation(BufferPtr),
                                            getSourceLocation(CurPtr)))) {
    BufferPtr = CurPtr;
    return true; // A token has to be returned.
  }

  // If we are returning comments as tokens, return this comment as a token.
  if (inKeepCommentMode()) {
    FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::comment);
    return true;
  }

  // It is common for the tokens immediately after a /**/ comment to be
  // whitespace.  Instead of going through the big switch, handle it
  // efficiently now.  This is safe even in KeepWhitespaceMode because we would
  // have already returned above with the comment as a token.
  if (isHorizontalWhitespace(*CurPtr)) {
    SkipWhitespace(Result, CurPtr+1, TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine);
    return false;
  }

  // Otherwise, just return so that the next character will be lexed as a token.
  BufferPtr = CurPtr;
  Result.setFlag(Token::LeadingSpace);
  return false;
}

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// Primary Lexing Entry Points
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

/// ReadToEndOfLine - Read the rest of the current preprocessor line as an
/// uninterpreted string.  This switches the lexer out of directive mode.
void Lexer::ReadToEndOfLine(SmallVectorImpl<char> *Result) {
  assert(ParsingPreprocessorDirective && ParsingFilename == false &&
         "Must be in a preprocessing directive!");
  Token Tmp;

  // CurPtr - Cache BufferPtr in an automatic variable.
  const char *CurPtr = BufferPtr;
  while (true) {
    char Char = getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Tmp);
    switch (Char) {
    default:
      if (Result)
        Result->push_back(Char);
      break;
    case 0:  // Null.
      // Found end of file?
      if (CurPtr-1 != BufferEnd) {
        if (isCodeCompletionPoint(CurPtr-1)) {
          PP->CodeCompleteNaturalLanguage();
          cutOffLexing();
          return;
        }

        // Nope, normal character, continue.
        if (Result)
          Result->push_back(Char);
        break;
      }
      // FALL THROUGH.
    case '\r':
    case '\n':
      // Okay, we found the end of the line. First, back up past the \0, \r, \n.
      assert(CurPtr[-1] == Char && "Trigraphs for newline?");
      BufferPtr = CurPtr-1;

      // Next, lex the character, which should handle the EOD transition.
      Lex(Tmp);
      if (Tmp.is(tok::code_completion)) {
        if (PP)
          PP->CodeCompleteNaturalLanguage();
        Lex(Tmp);
      }
      assert(Tmp.is(tok::eod) && "Unexpected token!");

      // Finally, we're done;
      return;
    }
  }
}

/// LexEndOfFile - CurPtr points to the end of this file.  Handle this
/// condition, reporting diagnostics and handling other edge cases as required.
/// This returns true if Result contains a token, false if PP.Lex should be
/// called again.
bool Lexer::LexEndOfFile(Token &Result, const char *CurPtr) {
  // If we hit the end of the file while parsing a preprocessor directive,
  // end the preprocessor directive first.  The next token returned will
  // then be the end of file.
  if (ParsingPreprocessorDirective) {
    // Done parsing the "line".
    ParsingPreprocessorDirective = false;
    // Update the location of token as well as BufferPtr.
    FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::eod);

    // Restore comment saving mode, in case it was disabled for directive.
    if (PP)
      resetExtendedTokenMode();
    return true;  // Have a token.
  }
 
  // If we are in raw mode, return this event as an EOF token.  Let the caller
  // that put us in raw mode handle the event.
  if (isLexingRawMode()) {
    Result.startToken();
    BufferPtr = BufferEnd;
    FormTokenWithChars(Result, BufferEnd, tok::eof);
    return true;
  }
  
  // Issue diagnostics for unterminated #if and missing newline.

  // If we are in a #if directive, emit an error.
  while (!ConditionalStack.empty()) {
    if (PP->getCodeCompletionFileLoc() != FileLoc)
      PP->Diag(ConditionalStack.back().IfLoc,
               diag::err_pp_unterminated_conditional);
    ConditionalStack.pop_back();
  }

  // C99 5.1.1.2p2: If the file is non-empty and didn't end in a newline, issue
  // a pedwarn.
  if (CurPtr != BufferStart && (CurPtr[-1] != '\n' && CurPtr[-1] != '\r')) {
    DiagnosticsEngine &Diags = PP->getDiagnostics();
    SourceLocation EndLoc = getSourceLocation(BufferEnd);
    unsigned DiagID;

    if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus11) {
      // C++11 [lex.phases] 2.2 p2
      // Prefer the C++98 pedantic compatibility warning over the generic,
      // non-extension, user-requested "missing newline at EOF" warning.
      if (!Diags.isIgnored(diag::warn_cxx98_compat_no_newline_eof, EndLoc)) {
        DiagID = diag::warn_cxx98_compat_no_newline_eof;
      } else {
        DiagID = diag::warn_no_newline_eof;
      }
    } else {
      DiagID = diag::ext_no_newline_eof;
    }

    Diag(BufferEnd, DiagID)
      << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(EndLoc, "\n");
  }

  BufferPtr = CurPtr;

  // Finally, let the preprocessor handle this.
  return PP->HandleEndOfFile(Result, isPragmaLexer());
}

/// isNextPPTokenLParen - Return 1 if the next unexpanded token lexed from
/// the specified lexer will return a tok::l_paren token, 0 if it is something
/// else and 2 if there are no more tokens in the buffer controlled by the
/// lexer.
unsigned Lexer::isNextPPTokenLParen() {
  assert(!LexingRawMode && "How can we expand a macro from a skipping buffer?");

  // Switch to 'skipping' mode.  This will ensure that we can lex a token
  // without emitting diagnostics, disables macro expansion, and will cause EOF
  // to return an EOF token instead of popping the include stack.
  LexingRawMode = true;

  // Save state that can be changed while lexing so that we can restore it.
  const char *TmpBufferPtr = BufferPtr;
  bool inPPDirectiveMode = ParsingPreprocessorDirective;
  bool atStartOfLine = IsAtStartOfLine;
  bool atPhysicalStartOfLine = IsAtPhysicalStartOfLine;
  bool leadingSpace = HasLeadingSpace;

  Token Tok;
  Lex(Tok);

  // Restore state that may have changed.
  BufferPtr = TmpBufferPtr;
  ParsingPreprocessorDirective = inPPDirectiveMode;
  HasLeadingSpace = leadingSpace;
  IsAtStartOfLine = atStartOfLine;
  IsAtPhysicalStartOfLine = atPhysicalStartOfLine;

  // Restore the lexer back to non-skipping mode.
  LexingRawMode = false;

  if (Tok.is(tok::eof))
    return 2;
  return Tok.is(tok::l_paren);
}

/// \brief Find the end of a version control conflict marker.
static const char *FindConflictEnd(const char *CurPtr, const char *BufferEnd,
                                   ConflictMarkerKind CMK) {
  const char *Terminator = CMK == CMK_Perforce ? "<<<<\n" : ">>>>>>>";
  size_t TermLen = CMK == CMK_Perforce ? 5 : 7;
  auto RestOfBuffer = StringRef(CurPtr, BufferEnd - CurPtr).substr(TermLen);
  size_t Pos = RestOfBuffer.find(Terminator);
  while (Pos != StringRef::npos) {
    // Must occur at start of line.
    if (Pos == 0 ||
        (RestOfBuffer[Pos - 1] != '\r' && RestOfBuffer[Pos - 1] != '\n')) {
      RestOfBuffer = RestOfBuffer.substr(Pos+TermLen);
      Pos = RestOfBuffer.find(Terminator);
      continue;
    }
    return RestOfBuffer.data()+Pos;
  }
  return nullptr;
}

/// IsStartOfConflictMarker - If the specified pointer is the start of a version
/// control conflict marker like '<<<<<<<', recognize it as such, emit an error
/// and recover nicely.  This returns true if it is a conflict marker and false
/// if not.
bool Lexer::IsStartOfConflictMarker(const char *CurPtr) {
  // Only a conflict marker if it starts at the beginning of a line.
  if (CurPtr != BufferStart &&
      CurPtr[-1] != '\n' && CurPtr[-1] != '\r')
    return false;
  
  // Check to see if we have <<<<<<< or >>>>.
  if (!StringRef(CurPtr, BufferEnd - CurPtr).startswith("<<<<<<<") &&
      !StringRef(CurPtr, BufferEnd - CurPtr).startswith(">>>> "))
    return false;

  // If we have a situation where we don't care about conflict markers, ignore
  // it.
  if (CurrentConflictMarkerState || isLexingRawMode())
    return false;
  
  ConflictMarkerKind Kind = *CurPtr == '<' ? CMK_Normal : CMK_Perforce;

  // Check to see if there is an ending marker somewhere in the buffer at the
  // start of a line to terminate this conflict marker.
  if (FindConflictEnd(CurPtr, BufferEnd, Kind)) {
    // We found a match.  We are really in a conflict marker.
    // Diagnose this, and ignore to the end of line.
    Diag(CurPtr, diag::err_conflict_marker);
    CurrentConflictMarkerState = Kind;
    
    // Skip ahead to the end of line.  We know this exists because the
    // end-of-conflict marker starts with \r or \n.
    while (*CurPtr != '\r' && *CurPtr != '\n') {
      assert(CurPtr != BufferEnd && "Didn't find end of line");
      ++CurPtr;
    }
    BufferPtr = CurPtr;
    return true;
  }
  
  // No end of conflict marker found.
  return false;
}

/// HandleEndOfConflictMarker - If this is a '====' or '||||' or '>>>>', or if
/// it is '<<<<' and the conflict marker started with a '>>>>' marker, then it
/// is the end of a conflict marker.  Handle it by ignoring up until the end of
/// the line.  This returns true if it is a conflict marker and false if not.
bool Lexer::HandleEndOfConflictMarker(const char *CurPtr) {
  // Only a conflict marker if it starts at the beginning of a line.
  if (CurPtr != BufferStart &&
      CurPtr[-1] != '\n' && CurPtr[-1] != '\r')
    return false;
  
  // If we have a situation where we don't care about conflict markers, ignore
  // it.
  if (!CurrentConflictMarkerState || isLexingRawMode())
    return false;
  
  // Check to see if we have the marker (4 characters in a row).
  for (unsigned i = 1; i != 4; ++i)
    if (CurPtr[i] != CurPtr[0])
      return false;
  
  // If we do have it, search for the end of the conflict marker.  This could
  // fail if it got skipped with a '#if 0' or something.  Note that CurPtr might
  // be the end of conflict marker.
  if (const char *End = FindConflictEnd(CurPtr, BufferEnd,
                                        CurrentConflictMarkerState)) {
    CurPtr = End;
    
    // Skip ahead to the end of line.
    while (CurPtr != BufferEnd && *CurPtr != '\r' && *CurPtr != '\n')
      ++CurPtr;
    
    BufferPtr = CurPtr;
    
    // No longer in the conflict marker.
    CurrentConflictMarkerState = CMK_None;
    return true;
  }
  
  return false;
}

bool Lexer::isCodeCompletionPoint(const char *CurPtr) const {
  if (PP && PP->isCodeCompletionEnabled()) {
    SourceLocation Loc = FileLoc.getLocWithOffset(CurPtr-BufferStart);
    return Loc == PP->getCodeCompletionLoc();
  }

  return false;
}

uint32_t Lexer::tryReadUCN(const char *&StartPtr, const char *SlashLoc,
                           Token *Result) {
  unsigned CharSize;
  char Kind = getCharAndSize(StartPtr, CharSize);

  unsigned NumHexDigits;
  if (Kind == 'u')
    NumHexDigits = 4;
  else if (Kind == 'U')
    NumHexDigits = 8;
  else
    return 0;

  if (!LangOpts.CPlusPlus && !LangOpts.C99) {
    if (Result && !isLexingRawMode())
      Diag(SlashLoc, diag::warn_ucn_not_valid_in_c89);
    return 0;
  }

  const char *CurPtr = StartPtr + CharSize;
  const char *KindLoc = &CurPtr[-1];

  uint32_t CodePoint = 0;
  for (unsigned i = 0; i < NumHexDigits; ++i) {
    char C = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, CharSize);

    unsigned Value = llvm::hexDigitValue(C);
    if (Value == -1U) {
      if (Result && !isLexingRawMode()) {
        if (i == 0) {
          Diag(BufferPtr, diag::warn_ucn_escape_no_digits)
            << StringRef(KindLoc, 1);
        } else {
          Diag(BufferPtr, diag::warn_ucn_escape_incomplete);

          // If the user wrote \U1234, suggest a fixit to \u.
          if (i == 4 && NumHexDigits == 8) {
            CharSourceRange URange = makeCharRange(*this, KindLoc, KindLoc + 1);
            Diag(KindLoc, diag::note_ucn_four_not_eight)
              << FixItHint::CreateReplacement(URange, "u");
          }
        }
      }

      return 0;
    }

    CodePoint <<= 4;
    CodePoint += Value;

    CurPtr += CharSize;
  }

  if (Result) {
    Result->setFlag(Token::HasUCN);
    if (CurPtr - StartPtr == (ptrdiff_t)NumHexDigits + 2)
      StartPtr = CurPtr;
    else
      while (StartPtr != CurPtr)
        (void)getAndAdvanceChar(StartPtr, *Result);
  } else {
    StartPtr = CurPtr;
  }

  // Don't apply C family restrictions to UCNs in assembly mode
  if (LangOpts.AsmPreprocessor)
    return CodePoint;

  // C99 6.4.3p2: A universal character name shall not specify a character whose
  //   short identifier is less than 00A0 other than 0024 ($), 0040 (@), or
  //   0060 (`), nor one in the range D800 through DFFF inclusive.)
  // C++11 [lex.charset]p2: If the hexadecimal value for a
  //   universal-character-name corresponds to a surrogate code point (in the
  //   range 0xD800-0xDFFF, inclusive), the program is ill-formed. Additionally,
  //   if the hexadecimal value for a universal-character-name outside the
  //   c-char-sequence, s-char-sequence, or r-char-sequence of a character or
  //   string literal corresponds to a control character (in either of the
  //   ranges 0x00-0x1F or 0x7F-0x9F, both inclusive) or to a character in the
  //   basic source character set, the program is ill-formed.
  if (CodePoint < 0xA0) {
    if (CodePoint == 0x24 || CodePoint == 0x40 || CodePoint == 0x60)
      return CodePoint;

    // We don't use isLexingRawMode() here because we need to warn about bad
    // UCNs even when skipping preprocessing tokens in a #if block.
    if (Result && PP) {
      if (CodePoint < 0x20 || CodePoint >= 0x7F)
        Diag(BufferPtr, diag::err_ucn_control_character);
      else {
        char C = static_cast<char>(CodePoint);
        Diag(BufferPtr, diag::err_ucn_escape_basic_scs) << StringRef(&C, 1);
      }
    }

    return 0;

  } else if (CodePoint >= 0xD800 && CodePoint <= 0xDFFF) {
    // C++03 allows UCNs representing surrogate characters. C99 and C++11 don't.
    // We don't use isLexingRawMode() here because we need to diagnose bad
    // UCNs even when skipping preprocessing tokens in a #if block.
    if (Result && PP) {
      if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus && !LangOpts.CPlusPlus11)
        Diag(BufferPtr, diag::warn_ucn_escape_surrogate);
      else
        Diag(BufferPtr, diag::err_ucn_escape_invalid);
    }
    return 0;
  }

  return CodePoint;
}

bool Lexer::CheckUnicodeWhitespace(Token &Result, uint32_t C,
                                   const char *CurPtr) {
  static const llvm::sys::UnicodeCharSet UnicodeWhitespaceChars(
      UnicodeWhitespaceCharRanges);
  if (!isLexingRawMode() && !PP->isPreprocessedOutput() &&
      UnicodeWhitespaceChars.contains(C)) {
    Diag(BufferPtr, diag::ext_unicode_whitespace)
      << makeCharRange(*this, BufferPtr, CurPtr);

    Result.setFlag(Token::LeadingSpace);
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

bool Lexer::LexUnicode(Token &Result, uint32_t C, const char *CurPtr) {
  if (isAllowedIDChar(C, LangOpts) && isAllowedInitiallyIDChar(C, LangOpts)) {
    if (!isLexingRawMode() && !ParsingPreprocessorDirective &&
        !PP->isPreprocessedOutput()) {
      maybeDiagnoseIDCharCompat(PP->getDiagnostics(), C,
                                makeCharRange(*this, BufferPtr, CurPtr),
                                /*IsFirst=*/true);
    }

    MIOpt.ReadToken();
    return LexIdentifier(Result, CurPtr);
  }

  if (!isLexingRawMode() && !ParsingPreprocessorDirective &&
      !PP->isPreprocessedOutput() &&
      !isASCII(*BufferPtr) && !isAllowedIDChar(C, LangOpts)) {
    // Non-ASCII characters tend to creep into source code unintentionally.
    // Instead of letting the parser complain about the unknown token,
    // just drop the character.
    // Note that we can /only/ do this when the non-ASCII character is actually
    // spelled as Unicode, not written as a UCN. The standard requires that
    // we not throw away any possible preprocessor tokens, but there's a
    // loophole in the mapping of Unicode characters to basic character set
    // characters that allows us to map these particular characters to, say,
    // whitespace.
    Diag(BufferPtr, diag::err_non_ascii)
      << FixItHint::CreateRemoval(makeCharRange(*this, BufferPtr, CurPtr));

    BufferPtr = CurPtr;
    return false;
  }

  // Otherwise, we have an explicit UCN or a character that's unlikely to show
  // up by accident.
  MIOpt.ReadToken();
  FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::unknown);
  return true;
}

void Lexer::PropagateLineStartLeadingSpaceInfo(Token &Result) {
  IsAtStartOfLine = Result.isAtStartOfLine();
  HasLeadingSpace = Result.hasLeadingSpace();
  HasLeadingEmptyMacro = Result.hasLeadingEmptyMacro();
  // Note that this doesn't affect IsAtPhysicalStartOfLine.
}

bool Lexer::Lex(Token &Result) {
  // Start a new token.
  Result.startToken();

  // Set up misc whitespace flags for LexTokenInternal.
  if (IsAtStartOfLine) {
    Result.setFlag(Token::StartOfLine);
    IsAtStartOfLine = false;
  }

  if (HasLeadingSpace) {
    Result.setFlag(Token::LeadingSpace);
    HasLeadingSpace = false;
  }

  if (HasLeadingEmptyMacro) {
    Result.setFlag(Token::LeadingEmptyMacro);
    HasLeadingEmptyMacro = false;
  }

  bool atPhysicalStartOfLine = IsAtPhysicalStartOfLine;
  IsAtPhysicalStartOfLine = false;
  bool isRawLex = isLexingRawMode();
  (void) isRawLex;
  bool returnedToken = LexTokenInternal(Result, atPhysicalStartOfLine);
  // (After the LexTokenInternal call, the lexer might be destroyed.)
  assert((returnedToken || !isRawLex) && "Raw lex must succeed");
  return returnedToken;
}

/// LexTokenInternal - This implements a simple C family lexer.  It is an
/// extremely performance critical piece of code.  This assumes that the buffer
/// has a null character at the end of the file.  This returns a preprocessing
/// token, not a normal token, as such, it is an internal interface.  It assumes
/// that the Flags of result have been cleared before calling this.
bool Lexer::LexTokenInternal(Token &Result, bool TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine) {
LexNextToken:
  // New token, can't need cleaning yet.
  Result.clearFlag(Token::NeedsCleaning);
  Result.setIdentifierInfo(nullptr);

  // CurPtr - Cache BufferPtr in an automatic variable.
  const char *CurPtr = BufferPtr;

  // Small amounts of horizontal whitespace is very common between tokens.
  if ((*CurPtr == ' ') || (*CurPtr == '\t')) {
    ++CurPtr;
    while ((*CurPtr == ' ') || (*CurPtr == '\t'))
      ++CurPtr;

    // If we are keeping whitespace and other tokens, just return what we just
    // skipped.  The next lexer invocation will return the token after the
    // whitespace.
    if (isKeepWhitespaceMode()) {
      FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::unknown);
      // FIXME: The next token will not have LeadingSpace set.
      return true;
    }

    BufferPtr = CurPtr;
    Result.setFlag(Token::LeadingSpace);
  }

  unsigned SizeTmp, SizeTmp2;   // Temporaries for use in cases below.

  // Read a character, advancing over it.
  char Char = getAndAdvanceChar(CurPtr, Result);
  tok::TokenKind Kind;

  switch (Char) {
  case 0:  // Null.
    // Found end of file?
    if (CurPtr-1 == BufferEnd)
      return LexEndOfFile(Result, CurPtr-1);

    // Check if we are performing code completion.
    if (isCodeCompletionPoint(CurPtr-1)) {
      // Return the code-completion token.
      Result.startToken();
      FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::code_completion);
      return true;
    }

    if (!isLexingRawMode())
      Diag(CurPtr-1, diag::null_in_file);
    Result.setFlag(Token::LeadingSpace);
    if (SkipWhitespace(Result, CurPtr, TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine))
      return true; // KeepWhitespaceMode

    // We know the lexer hasn't changed, so just try again with this lexer.
    // (We manually eliminate the tail call to avoid recursion.)
    goto LexNextToken;
      
  case 26:  // DOS & CP/M EOF: "^Z".
    // If we're in Microsoft extensions mode, treat this as end of file.
    if (LangOpts.MicrosoftExt) {
      if (!isLexingRawMode())
        Diag(CurPtr-1, diag::ext_ctrl_z_eof_microsoft);
      return LexEndOfFile(Result, CurPtr-1);
    }

    // If Microsoft extensions are disabled, this is just random garbage.
    Kind = tok::unknown;
    break;
      
  case '\n':
  case '\r':
    // If we are inside a preprocessor directive and we see the end of line,
    // we know we are done with the directive, so return an EOD token.
    if (ParsingPreprocessorDirective) {
      // Done parsing the "line".
      ParsingPreprocessorDirective = false;

      // Restore comment saving mode, in case it was disabled for directive.
      if (PP)
        resetExtendedTokenMode();

      // Since we consumed a newline, we are back at the start of a line.
      IsAtStartOfLine = true;
      IsAtPhysicalStartOfLine = true;

      Kind = tok::eod;
      break;
    }

    // No leading whitespace seen so far.
    Result.clearFlag(Token::LeadingSpace);

    if (SkipWhitespace(Result, CurPtr, TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine))
      return true; // KeepWhitespaceMode

    // We only saw whitespace, so just try again with this lexer.
    // (We manually eliminate the tail call to avoid recursion.)
    goto LexNextToken;
  case ' ':
  case '\t':
  case '\f':
  case '\v':
  SkipHorizontalWhitespace:
    Result.setFlag(Token::LeadingSpace);
    if (SkipWhitespace(Result, CurPtr, TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine))
      return true; // KeepWhitespaceMode

  SkipIgnoredUnits:
    CurPtr = BufferPtr;

    // If the next token is obviously a // or /* */ comment, skip it efficiently
    // too (without going through the big switch stmt).
    if (CurPtr[0] == '/' && CurPtr[1] == '/' && !inKeepCommentMode() &&
        LangOpts.LineComment &&
        (LangOpts.CPlusPlus || !LangOpts.TraditionalCPP)) {
      if (SkipLineComment(Result, CurPtr+2, TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine))
        return true; // There is a token to return.
      goto SkipIgnoredUnits;
    } else if (CurPtr[0] == '/' && CurPtr[1] == '*' && !inKeepCommentMode()) {
      if (SkipBlockComment(Result, CurPtr+2, TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine))
        return true; // There is a token to return.
      goto SkipIgnoredUnits;
    } else if (isHorizontalWhitespace(*CurPtr)) {
      goto SkipHorizontalWhitespace;
    }
    // We only saw whitespace, so just try again with this lexer.
    // (We manually eliminate the tail call to avoid recursion.)
    goto LexNextToken;
      
  // C99 6.4.4.1: Integer Constants.
  // C99 6.4.4.2: Floating Constants.
  case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
  case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
    // Notify MIOpt that we read a non-whitespace/non-comment token.
    MIOpt.ReadToken();
    return LexNumericConstant(Result, CurPtr);

  case 'u':   // Identifier (uber) or C11/C++11 UTF-8 or UTF-16 string literal
    // Notify MIOpt that we read a non-whitespace/non-comment token.
    MIOpt.ReadToken();

    if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus11 || LangOpts.C11) {
      Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);

      // UTF-16 string literal
      if (Char == '"')
        return LexStringLiteral(Result, ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                                tok::utf16_string_literal);

      // UTF-16 character constant
      if (Char == '\'')
        return LexCharConstant(Result, ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                               tok::utf16_char_constant);

      // UTF-16 raw string literal
      if (Char == 'R' && LangOpts.CPlusPlus11 &&
          getCharAndSize(CurPtr + SizeTmp, SizeTmp2) == '"')
        return LexRawStringLiteral(Result,
                               ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                                           SizeTmp2, Result),
                               tok::utf16_string_literal);

      if (Char == '8') {
        char Char2 = getCharAndSize(CurPtr + SizeTmp, SizeTmp2);

        // UTF-8 string literal
        if (Char2 == '"')
          return LexStringLiteral(Result,
                               ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                                           SizeTmp2, Result),
                               tok::utf8_string_literal);
        if (Char2 == '\'' && LangOpts.CPlusPlus1z)
          return LexCharConstant(
              Result, ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                                  SizeTmp2, Result),
              tok::utf8_char_constant);

        if (Char2 == 'R' && LangOpts.CPlusPlus11) {
          unsigned SizeTmp3;
          char Char3 = getCharAndSize(CurPtr + SizeTmp + SizeTmp2, SizeTmp3);
          // UTF-8 raw string literal
          if (Char3 == '"') {
            return LexRawStringLiteral(Result,
                   ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                                           SizeTmp2, Result),
                               SizeTmp3, Result),
                   tok::utf8_string_literal);
          }
        }
      }
    }

    // treat u like the start of an identifier.
    return LexIdentifier(Result, CurPtr);

  case 'U':   // Identifier (Uber) or C11/C++11 UTF-32 string literal
    // Notify MIOpt that we read a non-whitespace/non-comment token.
    MIOpt.ReadToken();

    if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus11 || LangOpts.C11) {
      Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);

      // UTF-32 string literal
      if (Char == '"')
        return LexStringLiteral(Result, ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                                tok::utf32_string_literal);

      // UTF-32 character constant
      if (Char == '\'')
        return LexCharConstant(Result, ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                               tok::utf32_char_constant);

      // UTF-32 raw string literal
      if (Char == 'R' && LangOpts.CPlusPlus11 &&
          getCharAndSize(CurPtr + SizeTmp, SizeTmp2) == '"')
        return LexRawStringLiteral(Result,
                               ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                                           SizeTmp2, Result),
                               tok::utf32_string_literal);
    }

    // treat U like the start of an identifier.
    return LexIdentifier(Result, CurPtr);

  case 'R': // Identifier or C++0x raw string literal
    // Notify MIOpt that we read a non-whitespace/non-comment token.
    MIOpt.ReadToken();

    if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus11) {
      Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);

      if (Char == '"')
        return LexRawStringLiteral(Result,
                                   ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                                   tok::string_literal);
    }

    // treat R like the start of an identifier.
    return LexIdentifier(Result, CurPtr);

  case 'L':   // Identifier (Loony) or wide literal (L'x' or L"xyz").
    // Notify MIOpt that we read a non-whitespace/non-comment token.
    MIOpt.ReadToken();
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);

    // Wide string literal.
    if (Char == '"')
      return LexStringLiteral(Result, ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                              tok::wide_string_literal);

    // Wide raw string literal.
    if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus11 && Char == 'R' &&
        getCharAndSize(CurPtr + SizeTmp, SizeTmp2) == '"')
      return LexRawStringLiteral(Result,
                               ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                                           SizeTmp2, Result),
                               tok::wide_string_literal);

    // Wide character constant.
    if (Char == '\'')
      return LexCharConstant(Result, ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                             tok::wide_char_constant);
    // FALL THROUGH, treating L like the start of an identifier.

  // C99 6.4.2: Identifiers.
  case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F': case 'G':
  case 'H': case 'I': case 'J': case 'K':    /*'L'*/case 'M': case 'N':
  case 'O': case 'P': case 'Q':    /*'R'*/case 'S': case 'T':    /*'U'*/
  case 'V': case 'W': case 'X': case 'Y': case 'Z':
  case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e': case 'f': case 'g':
  case 'h': case 'i': case 'j': case 'k': case 'l': case 'm': case 'n':
  case 'o': case 'p': case 'q': case 'r': case 's': case 't':    /*'u'*/
  case 'v': case 'w': case 'x': case 'y': case 'z':
  case '_':
    // Notify MIOpt that we read a non-whitespace/non-comment token.
    MIOpt.ReadToken();
    return LexIdentifier(Result, CurPtr);

  case '$':   // $ in identifiers.
    if (LangOpts.DollarIdents) {
      if (!isLexingRawMode())
        Diag(CurPtr-1, diag::ext_dollar_in_identifier);
      // Notify MIOpt that we read a non-whitespace/non-comment token.
      MIOpt.ReadToken();
      return LexIdentifier(Result, CurPtr);
    }

    Kind = tok::unknown;
    break;

  // C99 6.4.4: Character Constants.
  case '\'':
    // Notify MIOpt that we read a non-whitespace/non-comment token.
    MIOpt.ReadToken();
    return LexCharConstant(Result, CurPtr, tok::char_constant);

  // C99 6.4.5: String Literals.
  case '"':
    // Notify MIOpt that we read a non-whitespace/non-comment token.
    MIOpt.ReadToken();
    return LexStringLiteral(Result, CurPtr, tok::string_literal);

  // C99 6.4.6: Punctuators.
  case '?':
    Kind = tok::question;
    break;
  case '[':
    Kind = tok::l_square;
    break;
  case ']':
    Kind = tok::r_square;
    break;
  case '(':
    Kind = tok::l_paren;
    break;
  case ')':
    Kind = tok::r_paren;
    break;
  case '{':
    Kind = tok::l_brace;
    break;
  case '}':
    Kind = tok::r_brace;
    break;
  case '.':
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (Char >= '0' && Char <= '9') {
      // Notify MIOpt that we read a non-whitespace/non-comment token.
      MIOpt.ReadToken();

      return LexNumericConstant(Result, ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result));
    } else if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus && Char == '*') {
      Kind = tok::periodstar;
      CurPtr += SizeTmp;
    } else if (Char == '.' &&
               getCharAndSize(CurPtr+SizeTmp, SizeTmp2) == '.') {
      Kind = tok::ellipsis;
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                           SizeTmp2, Result);
    } else {
      Kind = tok::period;
    }
    break;
  case '&':
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (Char == '&') {
      Kind = tok::ampamp;
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else if (Char == '=') {
      Kind = tok::ampequal;
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else {
      Kind = tok::amp;
    }
    break;
  case '*':
    if (getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp) == '=') {
      Kind = tok::starequal;
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else {
      Kind = tok::star;
    }
    break;
  case '+':
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (Char == '+') {
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Kind = tok::plusplus;
    } else if (Char == '=') {
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Kind = tok::plusequal;
    } else {
      Kind = tok::plus;
    }
    break;
  case '-':
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (Char == '-') {      // --
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Kind = tok::minusminus;
    } else if (Char == '>' && LangOpts.CPlusPlus &&
               getCharAndSize(CurPtr+SizeTmp, SizeTmp2) == '*') {  // C++ ->*
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                           SizeTmp2, Result);
      Kind = tok::arrowstar;
    } else if (Char == '>') {   // ->
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Kind = tok::arrow;
    } else if (Char == '=') {   // -=
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Kind = tok::minusequal;
    } else {
      Kind = tok::minus;
    }
    break;
  case '~':
    Kind = tok::tilde;
    break;
  case '!':
    if (getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp) == '=') {
      Kind = tok::exclaimequal;
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else {
      Kind = tok::exclaim;
    }
    break;
  case '/':
    // 6.4.9: Comments
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (Char == '/') {         // Line comment.
      // Even if Line comments are disabled (e.g. in C89 mode), we generally
      // want to lex this as a comment.  There is one problem with this though,
      // that in one particular corner case, this can change the behavior of the
      // resultant program.  For example, In  "foo //**/ bar", C89 would lex
      // this as "foo / bar" and langauges with Line comments would lex it as
      // "foo".  Check to see if the character after the second slash is a '*'.
      // If so, we will lex that as a "/" instead of the start of a comment.
      // However, we never do this if we are just preprocessing.
      bool TreatAsComment = LangOpts.LineComment &&
                            (LangOpts.CPlusPlus || !LangOpts.TraditionalCPP);
      if (!TreatAsComment)
        if (!(PP && PP->isPreprocessedOutput()))
          TreatAsComment = getCharAndSize(CurPtr+SizeTmp, SizeTmp2) != '*';

      if (TreatAsComment) {
        if (SkipLineComment(Result, ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                            TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine))
          return true; // There is a token to return.

        // It is common for the tokens immediately after a // comment to be
        // whitespace (indentation for the next line).  Instead of going through
        // the big switch, handle it efficiently now.
        goto SkipIgnoredUnits;
      }
    }

    if (Char == '*') {  // /**/ comment.
      if (SkipBlockComment(Result, ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                           TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine))
        return true; // There is a token to return.

      // We only saw whitespace, so just try again with this lexer.
      // (We manually eliminate the tail call to avoid recursion.)
      goto LexNextToken;
    }

    if (Char == '=') {
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Kind = tok::slashequal;
    } else {
      Kind = tok::slash;
    }
    break;
  case '%':
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (Char == '=') {
      Kind = tok::percentequal;
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else if (LangOpts.Digraphs && Char == '>') {
      Kind = tok::r_brace;                             // '%>' -> '}'
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else if (LangOpts.Digraphs && Char == ':') {
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
      if (Char == '%' && getCharAndSize(CurPtr+SizeTmp, SizeTmp2) == ':') {
        Kind = tok::hashhash;                          // '%:%:' -> '##'
        CurPtr = ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                             SizeTmp2, Result);
      } else if (Char == '@' && LangOpts.MicrosoftExt) {// %:@ -> #@ -> Charize
        CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
        if (!isLexingRawMode())
          Diag(BufferPtr, diag::ext_charize_microsoft);
        Kind = tok::hashat;
      } else {                                         // '%:' -> '#'
        // We parsed a # character.  If this occurs at the start of the line,
        // it's actually the start of a preprocessing directive.  Callback to
        // the preprocessor to handle it.
        // TODO: -fpreprocessed mode??
        if (TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine && !LexingRawMode && !Is_PragmaLexer)
          goto HandleDirective;

        Kind = tok::hash;
      }
    } else {
      Kind = tok::percent;
    }
    break;
  case '<':
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (ParsingFilename) {
      return LexAngledStringLiteral(Result, CurPtr);
    } else if (Char == '<') {
      char After = getCharAndSize(CurPtr+SizeTmp, SizeTmp2);
      if (After == '=') {
        Kind = tok::lesslessequal;
        CurPtr = ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                             SizeTmp2, Result);
      } else if (After == '<' && IsStartOfConflictMarker(CurPtr-1)) {
        // If this is actually a '<<<<<<<' version control conflict marker,
        // recognize it as such and recover nicely.
        goto LexNextToken;
      } else if (After == '<' && HandleEndOfConflictMarker(CurPtr-1)) {
        // If this is '<<<<' and we're in a Perforce-style conflict marker,
        // ignore it.
        goto LexNextToken;
      } else if (LangOpts.CUDA && After == '<') {
        Kind = tok::lesslessless;
        CurPtr = ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                             SizeTmp2, Result);
      } else {
        CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
        Kind = tok::lessless;
      }
    } else if (Char == '=') {
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Kind = tok::lessequal;
    } else if (LangOpts.Digraphs && Char == ':') {     // '<:' -> '['
      if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus11 &&
          getCharAndSize(CurPtr + SizeTmp, SizeTmp2) == ':') {
        // C++0x [lex.pptoken]p3:
        //  Otherwise, if the next three characters are <:: and the subsequent
        //  character is neither : nor >, the < is treated as a preprocessor
        //  token by itself and not as the first character of the alternative
        //  token <:.
        unsigned SizeTmp3;
        char After = getCharAndSize(CurPtr + SizeTmp + SizeTmp2, SizeTmp3);
        if (After != ':' && After != '>') {
          Kind = tok::less;
          if (!isLexingRawMode())
            Diag(BufferPtr, diag::warn_cxx98_compat_less_colon_colon);
          break;
        }
      }

      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Kind = tok::l_square;
    } else if (LangOpts.Digraphs && Char == '%') {     // '<%' -> '{'
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Kind = tok::l_brace;
    } else {
      Kind = tok::less;
    }
    break;
  case '>':
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (Char == '=') {
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Kind = tok::greaterequal;
    } else if (Char == '>') {
      char After = getCharAndSize(CurPtr+SizeTmp, SizeTmp2);
      if (After == '=') {
        CurPtr = ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                             SizeTmp2, Result);
        Kind = tok::greatergreaterequal;
      } else if (After == '>' && IsStartOfConflictMarker(CurPtr-1)) {
        // If this is actually a '>>>>' conflict marker, recognize it as such
        // and recover nicely.
        goto LexNextToken;
      } else if (After == '>' && HandleEndOfConflictMarker(CurPtr-1)) {
        // If this is '>>>>>>>' and we're in a conflict marker, ignore it.
        goto LexNextToken;
      } else if (LangOpts.CUDA && After == '>') {
        Kind = tok::greatergreatergreater;
        CurPtr = ConsumeChar(ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result),
                             SizeTmp2, Result);
      } else {
        CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
        Kind = tok::greatergreater;
      }
    } else {
      Kind = tok::greater;
    }
    break;
  case '^':
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (Char == '=') {
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Kind = tok::caretequal;
    } else if (LangOpts.OpenCL && Char == '^') {
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
      Kind = tok::caretcaret;
    } else {
      Kind = tok::caret;
    }
    break;
  case '|':
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (Char == '=') {
      Kind = tok::pipeequal;
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else if (Char == '|') {
      // If this is '|||||||' and we're in a conflict marker, ignore it.
      if (CurPtr[1] == '|' && HandleEndOfConflictMarker(CurPtr-1))
        goto LexNextToken;
      Kind = tok::pipepipe;
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else {
      Kind = tok::pipe;
    }
    break;
  case ':':
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (LangOpts.Digraphs && Char == '>') {
      Kind = tok::r_square; // ':>' -> ']'
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus && Char == ':') {
      Kind = tok::coloncolon;
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else {
      Kind = tok::colon;
    }
    break;
  case ';':
    Kind = tok::semi;
    break;
  case '=':
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (Char == '=') {
      // If this is '====' and we're in a conflict marker, ignore it.
      if (CurPtr[1] == '=' && HandleEndOfConflictMarker(CurPtr-1))
        goto LexNextToken;
      
      Kind = tok::equalequal;
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else {
      Kind = tok::equal;
    }
    break;
  case ',':
    Kind = tok::comma;
    break;
  case '#':
    Char = getCharAndSize(CurPtr, SizeTmp);
    if (Char == '#') {
      Kind = tok::hashhash;
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else if (Char == '@' && LangOpts.MicrosoftExt) {  // #@ -> Charize
      Kind = tok::hashat;
      if (!isLexingRawMode())
        Diag(BufferPtr, diag::ext_charize_microsoft);
      CurPtr = ConsumeChar(CurPtr, SizeTmp, Result);
    } else {
      // We parsed a # character.  If this occurs at the start of the line,
      // it's actually the start of a preprocessing directive.  Callback to
      // the preprocessor to handle it.
      // TODO: -fpreprocessed mode??
      if (TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine && !LexingRawMode && !Is_PragmaLexer)
        goto HandleDirective;

      Kind = tok::hash;
    }
    break;

  case '@':
    // Objective C support.
    if (CurPtr[-1] == '@' && LangOpts.ObjC1)
      Kind = tok::at;
    else
      Kind = tok::unknown;
    break;

  // UCNs (C99 6.4.3, C++11 [lex.charset]p2)
  case '\\':
    if (!LangOpts.AsmPreprocessor) {
      if (uint32_t CodePoint = tryReadUCN(CurPtr, BufferPtr, &Result)) {
        if (CheckUnicodeWhitespace(Result, CodePoint, CurPtr)) {
          if (SkipWhitespace(Result, CurPtr, TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine))
            return true; // KeepWhitespaceMode

          // We only saw whitespace, so just try again with this lexer.
          // (We manually eliminate the tail call to avoid recursion.)
          goto LexNextToken;
        }

        return LexUnicode(Result, CodePoint, CurPtr);
      }
    }

    Kind = tok::unknown;
    break;

  default: {
    if (isASCII(Char)) {
      Kind = tok::unknown;
      break;
    }

    llvm::UTF32 CodePoint;

    // We can't just reset CurPtr to BufferPtr because BufferPtr may point to
    // an escaped newline.
    --CurPtr;
    llvm::ConversionResult Status =
        llvm::convertUTF8Sequence((const llvm::UTF8 **)&CurPtr,
                                  (const llvm::UTF8 *)BufferEnd,
                                  &CodePoint,
                                  llvm::strictConversion);
    if (Status == llvm::conversionOK) {
      if (CheckUnicodeWhitespace(Result, CodePoint, CurPtr)) {
        if (SkipWhitespace(Result, CurPtr, TokAtPhysicalStartOfLine))
          return true; // KeepWhitespaceMode

        // We only saw whitespace, so just try again with this lexer.
        // (We manually eliminate the tail call to avoid recursion.)
        goto LexNextToken;
      }
      return LexUnicode(Result, CodePoint, CurPtr);
    }
    
    if (isLexingRawMode() || ParsingPreprocessorDirective ||
        PP->isPreprocessedOutput()) {
      ++CurPtr;
      Kind = tok::unknown;
      break;
    }

    // Non-ASCII characters tend to creep into source code unintentionally.
    // Instead of letting the parser complain about the unknown token,
    // just diagnose the invalid UTF-8, then drop the character.
    Diag(CurPtr, diag::err_invalid_utf8);

    BufferPtr = CurPtr+1;
    // We're pretending the character didn't exist, so just try again with
    // this lexer.
    // (We manually eliminate the tail call to avoid recursion.)
    goto LexNextToken;
  }
  }

  // Notify MIOpt that we read a non-whitespace/non-comment token.
  MIOpt.ReadToken();

  // Update the location of token as well as BufferPtr.
  FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, Kind);
  return true;

HandleDirective:
  // We parsed a # character and it's the start of a preprocessing directive.

  FormTokenWithChars(Result, CurPtr, tok::hash);
  PP->HandleDirective(Result);

  if (PP->hadModuleLoaderFatalFailure()) {
    // With a fatal failure in the module loader, we abort parsing.
    assert(Result.is(tok::eof) && "Preprocessor did not set tok:eof");
    return true;
  }

  // We parsed the directive; lex a token with the new state.
  return false;
}