llvm/tools/llvm-link/llvm-link.cpp

//===- llvm-link.cpp - Low-level LLVM linker ------------------------------===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This utility may be invoked in the following manner:
//  llvm-link a.bc b.bc c.bc -o x.bc
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
#include "llvm/Bitcode/ReaderWriter.h"
#include "llvm/IR/AutoUpgrade.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DiagnosticInfo.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DiagnosticPrinter.h"
#include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
#include "llvm/IR/ModuleSummaryIndex.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Verifier.h"
#include "llvm/IRReader/IRReader.h"
#include "llvm/Linker/Linker.h"
#include "llvm/Object/ModuleSummaryIndexObjectFile.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include "llvm/Support/FileSystem.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ManagedStatic.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Path.h"
#include "llvm/Support/PrettyStackTrace.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Signals.h"
#include "llvm/Support/SourceMgr.h"
#include "llvm/Support/SystemUtils.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ToolOutputFile.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/FunctionImportUtils.h"

#include <memory>
using namespace llvm;

static cl::list<std::string>
InputFilenames(cl::Positional, cl::OneOrMore,
               cl::desc("<input bitcode files>"));

static cl::list<std::string> OverridingInputs(
    "override", cl::ZeroOrMore, cl::value_desc("filename"),
    cl::desc(
        "input bitcode file which can override previously defined symbol(s)"));

// Option to simulate function importing for testing. This enables using
// llvm-link to simulate ThinLTO backend processes.
static cl::list<std::string> Imports(
    "import", cl::ZeroOrMore, cl::value_desc("function:filename"),
    cl::desc("Pair of function name and filename, where function should be "
             "imported from bitcode in filename"));

// Option to support testing of function importing. The module summary
// must be specified in the case were we request imports via the -import
// option, as well as when compiling any module with functions that may be
// exported (imported by a different llvm-link -import invocation), to ensure
// consistent promotion and renaming of locals.
static cl::opt<std::string>
    SummaryIndex("summary-index", cl::desc("Module summary index filename"),
                 cl::init(""), cl::value_desc("filename"));

static cl::opt<std::string>
OutputFilename("o", cl::desc("Override output filename"), cl::init("-"),
               cl::value_desc("filename"));

static cl::opt<bool>
Internalize("internalize", cl::desc("Internalize linked symbols"));

static cl::opt<bool>
OnlyNeeded("only-needed", cl::desc("Link only needed symbols"));

static cl::opt<bool>
Force("f", cl::desc("Enable binary output on terminals"));

static cl::opt<bool>
OutputAssembly("S",
         cl::desc("Write output as LLVM assembly"), cl::Hidden);

static cl::opt<bool>
Verbose("v", cl::desc("Print information about actions taken"));

static cl::opt<bool>
DumpAsm("d", cl::desc("Print assembly as linked"), cl::Hidden);

static cl::opt<bool>
SuppressWarnings("suppress-warnings", cl::desc("Suppress all linking warnings"),
                 cl::init(false));

static cl::opt<bool> PreserveBitcodeUseListOrder(
    "preserve-bc-uselistorder",
    cl::desc("Preserve use-list order when writing LLVM bitcode."),
    cl::init(true), cl::Hidden);

static cl::opt<bool> PreserveAssemblyUseListOrder(
    "preserve-ll-uselistorder",
    cl::desc("Preserve use-list order when writing LLVM assembly."),
    cl::init(false), cl::Hidden);

// Read the specified bitcode file in and return it. This routine searches the
// link path for the specified file to try to find it...
//
static std::unique_ptr<Module> loadFile(const char *argv0,
                                        const std::string &FN,
                                        LLVMContext &Context,
                                        bool MaterializeMetadata = true) {
  SMDiagnostic Err;
  if (Verbose) errs() << "Loading '" << FN << "'\n";
  std::unique_ptr<Module> Result =
      getLazyIRFileModule(FN, Err, Context, !MaterializeMetadata);
  if (!Result) {
    Err.print(argv0, errs());
    return nullptr;
  }

  if (MaterializeMetadata) {
    Result->materializeMetadata();
    UpgradeDebugInfo(*Result);
  }

  return Result;
}

namespace {

/// Helper to load on demand a Module from file and cache it for subsequent
/// queries during function importing.
class ModuleLazyLoaderCache {
  /// Cache of lazily loaded module for import.
  StringMap<std::unique_ptr<Module>> ModuleMap;

  /// Retrieve a Module from the cache or lazily load it on demand.
  std::function<std::unique_ptr<Module>(const char *argv0,
                                        const std::string &FileName)>
      createLazyModule;

public:
  /// Create the loader, Module will be initialized in \p Context.
  ModuleLazyLoaderCache(std::function<std::unique_ptr<Module>(
                            const char *argv0, const std::string &FileName)>
                            createLazyModule)
      : createLazyModule(createLazyModule) {}

  /// Retrieve a Module from the cache or lazily load it on demand.
  Module &operator()(const char *argv0, const std::string &FileName);

  std::unique_ptr<Module> takeModule(const std::string &FileName) {
    auto I = ModuleMap.find(FileName);
    assert(I != ModuleMap.end());
    std::unique_ptr<Module> Ret = std::move(I->second);
    ModuleMap.erase(I);
    return Ret;
  }
};

// Get a Module for \p FileName from the cache, or load it lazily.
Module &ModuleLazyLoaderCache::operator()(const char *argv0,
                                          const std::string &Identifier) {
  auto &Module = ModuleMap[Identifier];
  if (!Module)
    Module = createLazyModule(argv0, Identifier);
  return *Module;
}
} // anonymous namespace

static void diagnosticHandler(const DiagnosticInfo &DI) {
  unsigned Severity = DI.getSeverity();
  switch (Severity) {
  case DS_Error:
    errs() << "ERROR: ";
    break;
  case DS_Warning:
    if (SuppressWarnings)
      return;
    errs() << "WARNING: ";
    break;
  case DS_Remark:
  case DS_Note:
    llvm_unreachable("Only expecting warnings and errors");
  }

  DiagnosticPrinterRawOStream DP(errs());
  DI.print(DP);
  errs() << '\n';
}

static void diagnosticHandlerWithContext(const DiagnosticInfo &DI, void *C) {
  diagnosticHandler(DI);
}

/// Import any functions requested via the -import option.
static bool importFunctions(const char *argv0, LLVMContext &Context,
                            Linker &L) {
  if (SummaryIndex.empty())
    return true;
  ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<ModuleSummaryIndex>> IndexOrErr =
      llvm::getModuleSummaryIndexForFile(SummaryIndex, diagnosticHandler);
  std::error_code EC = IndexOrErr.getError();
  if (EC) {
    errs() << EC.message() << '\n';
    return false;
  }
  auto Index = std::move(IndexOrErr.get());

  // Map of Module -> List of globals to import from the Module
  std::map<StringRef, DenseSet<const GlobalValue *>> ModuleToGlobalsToImportMap;
  auto ModuleLoader = [&Context](const char *argv0,
                                 const std::string &Identifier) {
    return loadFile(argv0, Identifier, Context, false);
  };
  ModuleLazyLoaderCache ModuleLoaderCache(ModuleLoader);
  for (const auto &Import : Imports) {
    // Identify the requested function and its bitcode source file.
    size_t Idx = Import.find(':');
    if (Idx == std::string::npos) {
      errs() << "Import parameter bad format: " << Import << "\n";
      return false;
    }
    std::string FunctionName = Import.substr(0, Idx);
    std::string FileName = Import.substr(Idx + 1, std::string::npos);

    // Load the specified source module.
    auto &SrcModule = ModuleLoaderCache(argv0, FileName);

    if (verifyModule(SrcModule, &errs())) {
      errs() << argv0 << ": " << FileName
             << ": error: input module is broken!\n";
      return false;
    }

    Function *F = SrcModule.getFunction(FunctionName);
    if (!F) {
      errs() << "Ignoring import request for non-existent function "
             << FunctionName << " from " << FileName << "\n";
      continue;
    }
    // We cannot import weak_any functions without possibly affecting the
    // order they are seen and selected by the linker, changing program
    // semantics.
    if (F->hasWeakAnyLinkage()) {
      errs() << "Ignoring import request for weak-any function " << FunctionName
             << " from " << FileName << "\n";
      continue;
    }

    if (Verbose)
      errs() << "Importing " << FunctionName << " from " << FileName << "\n";

    auto &Entry = ModuleToGlobalsToImportMap[SrcModule.getModuleIdentifier()];
    Entry.insert(F);

    F->materialize();
  }

  // Do the actual import of globals now, one Module at a time
  for (auto &GlobalsToImportPerModule : ModuleToGlobalsToImportMap) {
    // Get the module for the import
    auto &GlobalsToImport = GlobalsToImportPerModule.second;
    std::unique_ptr<Module> SrcModule =
        ModuleLoaderCache.takeModule(GlobalsToImportPerModule.first);
    assert(&Context == &SrcModule->getContext() && "Context mismatch");

    // If modules were created with lazy metadata loading, materialize it
    // now, before linking it (otherwise this will be a noop).
    SrcModule->materializeMetadata();
    UpgradeDebugInfo(*SrcModule);

    // Linkage Promotion and renaming
    if (renameModuleForThinLTO(*SrcModule, *Index, &GlobalsToImport))
      return true;

    if (L.linkInModule(std::move(SrcModule), Linker::Flags::None,
                       &GlobalsToImport))
      return false;
  }

  return true;
}

static bool linkFiles(const char *argv0, LLVMContext &Context, Linker &L,
                      const cl::list<std::string> &Files,
                      unsigned Flags) {
  // Filter out flags that don't apply to the first file we load.
  unsigned ApplicableFlags = Flags & Linker::Flags::OverrideFromSrc;
  for (const auto &File : Files) {
    std::unique_ptr<Module> M = loadFile(argv0, File, Context);
    if (!M.get()) {
      errs() << argv0 << ": error loading file '" << File << "'\n";
      return false;
    }

    if (verifyModule(*M, &errs())) {
      errs() << argv0 << ": " << File << ": error: input module is broken!\n";
      return false;
    }

    // If a module summary index is supplied, load it so linkInModule can treat
    // local functions/variables as exported and promote if necessary.
    if (!SummaryIndex.empty()) {
      ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<ModuleSummaryIndex>> IndexOrErr =
          llvm::getModuleSummaryIndexForFile(SummaryIndex, diagnosticHandler);
      std::error_code EC = IndexOrErr.getError();
      if (EC) {
        errs() << EC.message() << '\n';
        return false;
      }
      auto Index = std::move(IndexOrErr.get());

      // Promotion
      if (renameModuleForThinLTO(*M, *Index))
        return true;
    }

    if (Verbose)
      errs() << "Linking in '" << File << "'\n";

    if (L.linkInModule(std::move(M), ApplicableFlags))
      return false;
    // All linker flags apply to linking of subsequent files.
    ApplicableFlags = Flags;
  }

  return true;
}

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
  // Print a stack trace if we signal out.
  sys::PrintStackTraceOnErrorSignal();
  PrettyStackTraceProgram X(argc, argv);

  LLVMContext Context;
  Context.setDiagnosticHandler(diagnosticHandlerWithContext, nullptr, true);

  llvm_shutdown_obj Y;  // Call llvm_shutdown() on exit.
  cl::ParseCommandLineOptions(argc, argv, "llvm linker\n");

  auto Composite = make_unique<Module>("llvm-link", Context);
  Linker L(*Composite);

  unsigned Flags = Linker::Flags::None;
  if (Internalize)
    Flags |= Linker::Flags::InternalizeLinkedSymbols;
  if (OnlyNeeded)
    Flags |= Linker::Flags::LinkOnlyNeeded;

  // First add all the regular input files
  if (!linkFiles(argv[0], Context, L, InputFilenames, Flags))
    return 1;

  // Next the -override ones.
  if (!linkFiles(argv[0], Context, L, OverridingInputs,
                 Flags | Linker::Flags::OverrideFromSrc))
    return 1;

  // Import any functions requested via -import
  if (!importFunctions(argv[0], Context, L))
    return 1;

  if (DumpAsm) errs() << "Here's the assembly:\n" << *Composite;

  std::error_code EC;
  tool_output_file Out(OutputFilename, EC, sys::fs::F_None);
  if (EC) {
    errs() << EC.message() << '\n';
    return 1;
  }

  if (verifyModule(*Composite, &errs())) {
    errs() << argv[0] << ": error: linked module is broken!\n";
    return 1;
  }

  if (Verbose) errs() << "Writing bitcode...\n";
  if (OutputAssembly) {
    Composite->print(Out.os(), nullptr, PreserveAssemblyUseListOrder);
  } else if (Force || !CheckBitcodeOutputToConsole(Out.os(), true))
    WriteBitcodeToFile(Composite.get(), Out.os(), PreserveBitcodeUseListOrder);

  // Declare success.
  Out.keep();

  return 0;
}