clang/lib/Sema/SemaDecl.cpp

//===--- SemaDecl.cpp - Semantic Analysis for Declarations ----------------===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
//  This file implements semantic analysis for declarations.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "clang/Sema/SemaInternal.h"
#include "clang/Sema/Initialization.h"
#include "clang/Sema/Lookup.h"
#include "clang/Sema/CXXFieldCollector.h"
#include "clang/Sema/Scope.h"
#include "clang/Sema/ScopeInfo.h"
#include "clang/AST/APValue.h"
#include "clang/AST/ASTConsumer.h"
#include "clang/AST/ASTContext.h"
#include "clang/AST/CXXInheritance.h"
#include "clang/AST/DeclCXX.h"
#include "clang/AST/DeclObjC.h"
#include "clang/AST/DeclTemplate.h"
#include "clang/AST/ExprCXX.h"
#include "clang/AST/StmtCXX.h"
#include "clang/AST/CharUnits.h"
#include "clang/Sema/DeclSpec.h"
#include "clang/Sema/ParsedTemplate.h"
#include "clang/Parse/ParseDiagnostic.h"
#include "clang/Basic/PartialDiagnostic.h"
#include "clang/Basic/SourceManager.h"
#include "clang/Basic/TargetInfo.h"
// FIXME: layering (ideally, Sema shouldn't be dependent on Lex API's)
#include "clang/Lex/Preprocessor.h"
#include "clang/Lex/HeaderSearch.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Triple.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <functional>
using namespace clang;
using namespace sema;

Sema::DeclGroupPtrTy Sema::ConvertDeclToDeclGroup(Decl *Ptr) {
  return DeclGroupPtrTy::make(DeclGroupRef(Ptr));
}

/// \brief If the identifier refers to a type name within this scope,
/// return the declaration of that type.
///
/// This routine performs ordinary name lookup of the identifier II
/// within the given scope, with optional C++ scope specifier SS, to
/// determine whether the name refers to a type. If so, returns an
/// opaque pointer (actually a QualType) corresponding to that
/// type. Otherwise, returns NULL.
///
/// If name lookup results in an ambiguity, this routine will complain
/// and then return NULL.
ParsedType Sema::getTypeName(IdentifierInfo &II, SourceLocation NameLoc,
                             Scope *S, CXXScopeSpec *SS,
                             bool isClassName, bool HasTrailingDot,
                             ParsedType ObjectTypePtr) {
  // Determine where we will perform name lookup.
  DeclContext *LookupCtx = 0;
  if (ObjectTypePtr) {
    QualType ObjectType = ObjectTypePtr.get();
    if (ObjectType->isRecordType())
      LookupCtx = computeDeclContext(ObjectType);
  } else if (SS && SS->isNotEmpty()) {
    LookupCtx = computeDeclContext(*SS, false);

    if (!LookupCtx) {
      if (isDependentScopeSpecifier(*SS)) {
        // C++ [temp.res]p3:
        //   A qualified-id that refers to a type and in which the
        //   nested-name-specifier depends on a template-parameter (14.6.2)
        //   shall be prefixed by the keyword typename to indicate that the
        //   qualified-id denotes a type, forming an
        //   elaborated-type-specifier (7.1.5.3).
        //
        // We therefore do not perform any name lookup if the result would
        // refer to a member of an unknown specialization.
        if (!isClassName)
          return ParsedType();
        
        // We know from the grammar that this name refers to a type,
        // so build a dependent node to describe the type.
        QualType T =
          CheckTypenameType(ETK_None, SourceLocation(),
                            SS->getWithLocInContext(Context),
                            II, NameLoc);
        return ParsedType::make(T);
      }
      
      return ParsedType();
    }
    
    if (!LookupCtx->isDependentContext() &&
        RequireCompleteDeclContext(*SS, LookupCtx))
      return ParsedType();
  }

  // FIXME: LookupNestedNameSpecifierName isn't the right kind of
  // lookup for class-names.
  LookupNameKind Kind = isClassName ? LookupNestedNameSpecifierName :
                                      LookupOrdinaryName;
  LookupResult Result(*this, &II, NameLoc, Kind);
  if (LookupCtx) {
    // Perform "qualified" name lookup into the declaration context we
    // computed, which is either the type of the base of a member access
    // expression or the declaration context associated with a prior
    // nested-name-specifier.
    LookupQualifiedName(Result, LookupCtx);

    if (ObjectTypePtr && Result.empty()) {
      // C++ [basic.lookup.classref]p3:
      //   If the unqualified-id is ~type-name, the type-name is looked up
      //   in the context of the entire postfix-expression. If the type T of 
      //   the object expression is of a class type C, the type-name is also
      //   looked up in the scope of class C. At least one of the lookups shall
      //   find a name that refers to (possibly cv-qualified) T.
      LookupName(Result, S);
    }
  } else {
    // Perform unqualified name lookup.
    LookupName(Result, S);
  }
  
  NamedDecl *IIDecl = 0;
  switch (Result.getResultKind()) {
  case LookupResult::NotFound:
  case LookupResult::NotFoundInCurrentInstantiation:
  case LookupResult::FoundOverloaded:
  case LookupResult::FoundUnresolvedValue:
    Result.suppressDiagnostics();
    return ParsedType();

  case LookupResult::Ambiguous:
    // Recover from type-hiding ambiguities by hiding the type.  We'll
    // do the lookup again when looking for an object, and we can
    // diagnose the error then.  If we don't do this, then the error
    // about hiding the type will be immediately followed by an error
    // that only makes sense if the identifier was treated like a type.
    if (Result.getAmbiguityKind() == LookupResult::AmbiguousTagHiding) {
      Result.suppressDiagnostics();
      return ParsedType();
    }

    // Look to see if we have a type anywhere in the list of results.
    for (LookupResult::iterator Res = Result.begin(), ResEnd = Result.end();
         Res != ResEnd; ++Res) {
      if (isa<TypeDecl>(*Res) || isa<ObjCInterfaceDecl>(*Res)) {
        if (!IIDecl ||
            (*Res)->getLocation().getRawEncoding() <
              IIDecl->getLocation().getRawEncoding())
          IIDecl = *Res;
      }
    }

    if (!IIDecl) {
      // None of the entities we found is a type, so there is no way
      // to even assume that the result is a type. In this case, don't
      // complain about the ambiguity. The parser will either try to
      // perform this lookup again (e.g., as an object name), which
      // will produce the ambiguity, or will complain that it expected
      // a type name.
      Result.suppressDiagnostics();
      return ParsedType();
    }

    // We found a type within the ambiguous lookup; diagnose the
    // ambiguity and then return that type. This might be the right
    // answer, or it might not be, but it suppresses any attempt to
    // perform the name lookup again.
    break;

  case LookupResult::Found:
    IIDecl = Result.getFoundDecl();
    break;
  }

  assert(IIDecl && "Didn't find decl");

  QualType T;
  if (TypeDecl *TD = dyn_cast<TypeDecl>(IIDecl)) {
    DiagnoseUseOfDecl(IIDecl, NameLoc);

    if (T.isNull())
      T = Context.getTypeDeclType(TD);
    
    if (SS)
      T = getElaboratedType(ETK_None, *SS, T);
    
  } else if (ObjCInterfaceDecl *IDecl = dyn_cast<ObjCInterfaceDecl>(IIDecl)) {
    if (!HasTrailingDot)
      T = Context.getObjCInterfaceType(IDecl);
  }

  if (T.isNull()) {
    // If it's not plausibly a type, suppress diagnostics.
    Result.suppressDiagnostics();
    return ParsedType();
  }
  return ParsedType::make(T);
}

/// isTagName() - This method is called *for error recovery purposes only*
/// to determine if the specified name is a valid tag name ("struct foo").  If
/// so, this returns the TST for the tag corresponding to it (TST_enum,
/// TST_union, TST_struct, TST_class).  This is used to diagnose cases in C
/// where the user forgot to specify the tag.
DeclSpec::TST Sema::isTagName(IdentifierInfo &II, Scope *S) {
  // Do a tag name lookup in this scope.
  LookupResult R(*this, &II, SourceLocation(), LookupTagName);
  LookupName(R, S, false);
  R.suppressDiagnostics();
  if (R.getResultKind() == LookupResult::Found)
    if (const TagDecl *TD = R.getAsSingle<TagDecl>()) {
      switch (TD->getTagKind()) {
      default:         return DeclSpec::TST_unspecified;
      case TTK_Struct: return DeclSpec::TST_struct;
      case TTK_Union:  return DeclSpec::TST_union;
      case TTK_Class:  return DeclSpec::TST_class;
      case TTK_Enum:   return DeclSpec::TST_enum;
      }
    }

  return DeclSpec::TST_unspecified;
}

bool Sema::DiagnoseUnknownTypeName(const IdentifierInfo &II, 
                                   SourceLocation IILoc,
                                   Scope *S,
                                   CXXScopeSpec *SS,
                                   ParsedType &SuggestedType) {
  // We don't have anything to suggest (yet).
  SuggestedType = ParsedType();
  
  // There may have been a typo in the name of the type. Look up typo
  // results, in case we have something that we can suggest.
  LookupResult Lookup(*this, &II, IILoc, LookupOrdinaryName, 
                      NotForRedeclaration);

  if (DeclarationName Corrected = CorrectTypo(Lookup, S, SS, 0, 0, CTC_Type)) {
    if (NamedDecl *Result = Lookup.getAsSingle<NamedDecl>()) {
      if ((isa<TypeDecl>(Result) || isa<ObjCInterfaceDecl>(Result)) &&
          !Result->isInvalidDecl()) {
        // We found a similarly-named type or interface; suggest that.
        if (!SS || !SS->isSet())
          Diag(IILoc, diag::err_unknown_typename_suggest)
            << &II << Lookup.getLookupName()
            << FixItHint::CreateReplacement(SourceRange(IILoc),
                                            Result->getNameAsString());
        else if (DeclContext *DC = computeDeclContext(*SS, false))
          Diag(IILoc, diag::err_unknown_nested_typename_suggest) 
            << &II << DC << Lookup.getLookupName() << SS->getRange()
            << FixItHint::CreateReplacement(SourceRange(IILoc),
                                            Result->getNameAsString());
        else
          llvm_unreachable("could not have corrected a typo here");

        Diag(Result->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_decl)
          << Result->getDeclName();
        
        SuggestedType = getTypeName(*Result->getIdentifier(), IILoc, S, SS);
        return true;
      }
    } else if (Lookup.empty()) {
      // We corrected to a keyword.
      // FIXME: Actually recover with the keyword we suggest, and emit a fix-it.
      Diag(IILoc, diag::err_unknown_typename_suggest)
        << &II << Corrected;
      return true;      
    }
  }

  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    // See if II is a class template that the user forgot to pass arguments to.
    UnqualifiedId Name;
    Name.setIdentifier(&II, IILoc);
    CXXScopeSpec EmptySS;
    TemplateTy TemplateResult;
    bool MemberOfUnknownSpecialization;
    if (isTemplateName(S, SS ? *SS : EmptySS, /*hasTemplateKeyword=*/false,
                       Name, ParsedType(), true, TemplateResult,
                       MemberOfUnknownSpecialization) == TNK_Type_template) {
      TemplateName TplName = TemplateResult.getAsVal<TemplateName>();
      Diag(IILoc, diag::err_template_missing_args) << TplName;
      if (TemplateDecl *TplDecl = TplName.getAsTemplateDecl()) {
        Diag(TplDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_template_decl_here)
          << TplDecl->getTemplateParameters()->getSourceRange();
      }
      return true;
    }
  }

  // FIXME: Should we move the logic that tries to recover from a missing tag
  // (struct, union, enum) from Parser::ParseImplicitInt here, instead?
  
  if (!SS || (!SS->isSet() && !SS->isInvalid()))
    Diag(IILoc, diag::err_unknown_typename) << &II;
  else if (DeclContext *DC = computeDeclContext(*SS, false))
    Diag(IILoc, diag::err_typename_nested_not_found) 
      << &II << DC << SS->getRange();
  else if (isDependentScopeSpecifier(*SS)) {
    Diag(SS->getRange().getBegin(), diag::err_typename_missing)
      << (NestedNameSpecifier *)SS->getScopeRep() << II.getName()
      << SourceRange(SS->getRange().getBegin(), IILoc)
      << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(SS->getRange().getBegin(), "typename ");
    SuggestedType = ActOnTypenameType(S, SourceLocation(), *SS, II, IILoc).get();
  } else {
    assert(SS && SS->isInvalid() && 
           "Invalid scope specifier has already been diagnosed");
  }
  
  return true;
}

// Determines the context to return to after temporarily entering a
// context.  This depends in an unnecessarily complicated way on the
// exact ordering of callbacks from the parser.
DeclContext *Sema::getContainingDC(DeclContext *DC) {

  // Functions defined inline within classes aren't parsed until we've
  // finished parsing the top-level class, so the top-level class is
  // the context we'll need to return to.
  if (isa<FunctionDecl>(DC)) {
    DC = DC->getLexicalParent();

    // A function not defined within a class will always return to its
    // lexical context.
    if (!isa<CXXRecordDecl>(DC))
      return DC;

    // A C++ inline method/friend is parsed *after* the topmost class
    // it was declared in is fully parsed ("complete");  the topmost
    // class is the context we need to return to.
    while (CXXRecordDecl *RD = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(DC->getLexicalParent()))
      DC = RD;

    // Return the declaration context of the topmost class the inline method is
    // declared in.
    return DC;
  }

  // ObjCMethodDecls are parsed (for some reason) outside the context
  // of the class.
  if (isa<ObjCMethodDecl>(DC))
    return DC->getLexicalParent()->getLexicalParent();

  return DC->getLexicalParent();
}

void Sema::PushDeclContext(Scope *S, DeclContext *DC) {
  assert(getContainingDC(DC) == CurContext &&
      "The next DeclContext should be lexically contained in the current one.");
  CurContext = DC;
  S->setEntity(DC);
}

void Sema::PopDeclContext() {
  assert(CurContext && "DeclContext imbalance!");

  CurContext = getContainingDC(CurContext);
  assert(CurContext && "Popped translation unit!");
}

/// EnterDeclaratorContext - Used when we must lookup names in the context
/// of a declarator's nested name specifier.
///
void Sema::EnterDeclaratorContext(Scope *S, DeclContext *DC) {
  // C++0x [basic.lookup.unqual]p13:
  //   A name used in the definition of a static data member of class
  //   X (after the qualified-id of the static member) is looked up as
  //   if the name was used in a member function of X.
  // C++0x [basic.lookup.unqual]p14:
  //   If a variable member of a namespace is defined outside of the
  //   scope of its namespace then any name used in the definition of
  //   the variable member (after the declarator-id) is looked up as
  //   if the definition of the variable member occurred in its
  //   namespace.
  // Both of these imply that we should push a scope whose context
  // is the semantic context of the declaration.  We can't use
  // PushDeclContext here because that context is not necessarily
  // lexically contained in the current context.  Fortunately,
  // the containing scope should have the appropriate information.

  assert(!S->getEntity() && "scope already has entity");

#ifndef NDEBUG
  Scope *Ancestor = S->getParent();
  while (!Ancestor->getEntity()) Ancestor = Ancestor->getParent();
  assert(Ancestor->getEntity() == CurContext && "ancestor context mismatch");
#endif

  CurContext = DC;
  S->setEntity(DC);
}

void Sema::ExitDeclaratorContext(Scope *S) {
  assert(S->getEntity() == CurContext && "Context imbalance!");

  // Switch back to the lexical context.  The safety of this is
  // enforced by an assert in EnterDeclaratorContext.
  Scope *Ancestor = S->getParent();
  while (!Ancestor->getEntity()) Ancestor = Ancestor->getParent();
  CurContext = (DeclContext*) Ancestor->getEntity();

  // We don't need to do anything with the scope, which is going to
  // disappear.
}

/// \brief Determine whether we allow overloading of the function
/// PrevDecl with another declaration.
///
/// This routine determines whether overloading is possible, not
/// whether some new function is actually an overload. It will return
/// true in C++ (where we can always provide overloads) or, as an
/// extension, in C when the previous function is already an
/// overloaded function declaration or has the "overloadable"
/// attribute.
static bool AllowOverloadingOfFunction(LookupResult &Previous,
                                       ASTContext &Context) {
  if (Context.getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
    return true;

  if (Previous.getResultKind() == LookupResult::FoundOverloaded)
    return true;

  return (Previous.getResultKind() == LookupResult::Found
          && Previous.getFoundDecl()->hasAttr<OverloadableAttr>());
}

/// Add this decl to the scope shadowed decl chains.
void Sema::PushOnScopeChains(NamedDecl *D, Scope *S, bool AddToContext) {
  // Move up the scope chain until we find the nearest enclosing
  // non-transparent context. The declaration will be introduced into this
  // scope.
  while (S->getEntity() &&
         ((DeclContext *)S->getEntity())->isTransparentContext())
    S = S->getParent();

  // Add scoped declarations into their context, so that they can be
  // found later. Declarations without a context won't be inserted
  // into any context.
  if (AddToContext)
    CurContext->addDecl(D);

  // Out-of-line definitions shouldn't be pushed into scope in C++.
  // Out-of-line variable and function definitions shouldn't even in C.
  if ((getLangOptions().CPlusPlus || isa<VarDecl>(D) || isa<FunctionDecl>(D)) &&
      D->isOutOfLine())
    return;

  // Template instantiations should also not be pushed into scope.
  if (isa<FunctionDecl>(D) &&
      cast<FunctionDecl>(D)->isFunctionTemplateSpecialization())
    return;

  // If this replaces anything in the current scope, 
  IdentifierResolver::iterator I = IdResolver.begin(D->getDeclName()),
                               IEnd = IdResolver.end();
  for (; I != IEnd; ++I) {
    if (S->isDeclScope(*I) && D->declarationReplaces(*I)) {
      S->RemoveDecl(*I);
      IdResolver.RemoveDecl(*I);

      // Should only need to replace one decl.
      break;
    }
  }

  S->AddDecl(D);
  IdResolver.AddDecl(D);
}

bool Sema::isDeclInScope(NamedDecl *&D, DeclContext *Ctx, Scope *S) {
  return IdResolver.isDeclInScope(D, Ctx, Context, S);
}

Scope *Sema::getScopeForDeclContext(Scope *S, DeclContext *DC) {
  DeclContext *TargetDC = DC->getPrimaryContext();
  do {
    if (DeclContext *ScopeDC = (DeclContext*) S->getEntity())
      if (ScopeDC->getPrimaryContext() == TargetDC)
        return S;
  } while ((S = S->getParent()));

  return 0;
}

static bool isOutOfScopePreviousDeclaration(NamedDecl *,
                                            DeclContext*,
                                            ASTContext&);

/// Filters out lookup results that don't fall within the given scope
/// as determined by isDeclInScope.
static void FilterLookupForScope(Sema &SemaRef, LookupResult &R,
                                 DeclContext *Ctx, Scope *S,
                                 bool ConsiderLinkage) {
  LookupResult::Filter F = R.makeFilter();
  while (F.hasNext()) {
    NamedDecl *D = F.next();

    if (SemaRef.isDeclInScope(D, Ctx, S))
      continue;

    if (ConsiderLinkage &&
        isOutOfScopePreviousDeclaration(D, Ctx, SemaRef.Context))
      continue;
    
    F.erase();
  }

  F.done();
}

static bool isUsingDecl(NamedDecl *D) {
  return isa<UsingShadowDecl>(D) ||
         isa<UnresolvedUsingTypenameDecl>(D) ||
         isa<UnresolvedUsingValueDecl>(D);
}

/// Removes using shadow declarations from the lookup results.
static void RemoveUsingDecls(LookupResult &R) {
  LookupResult::Filter F = R.makeFilter();
  while (F.hasNext())
    if (isUsingDecl(F.next()))
      F.erase();

  F.done();
}

/// \brief Check for this common pattern:
/// @code
/// class S {
///   S(const S&); // DO NOT IMPLEMENT
///   void operator=(const S&); // DO NOT IMPLEMENT
/// };
/// @endcode
static bool IsDisallowedCopyOrAssign(const CXXMethodDecl *D) {
  // FIXME: Should check for private access too but access is set after we get
  // the decl here.
  if (D->isThisDeclarationADefinition())
    return false;

  if (const CXXConstructorDecl *CD = dyn_cast<CXXConstructorDecl>(D))
    return CD->isCopyConstructor();
  if (const CXXMethodDecl *Method = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(D))
    return Method->isCopyAssignmentOperator();
  return false;
}

bool Sema::ShouldWarnIfUnusedFileScopedDecl(const DeclaratorDecl *D) const {
  assert(D);

  if (D->isInvalidDecl() || D->isUsed() || D->hasAttr<UnusedAttr>())
    return false;

  // Ignore class templates.
  if (D->getDeclContext()->isDependentContext() ||
      D->getLexicalDeclContext()->isDependentContext())
    return false;

  if (const FunctionDecl *FD = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(D)) {
    if (FD->getTemplateSpecializationKind() == TSK_ImplicitInstantiation)
      return false;

    if (const CXXMethodDecl *MD = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(FD)) {
      if (MD->isVirtual() || IsDisallowedCopyOrAssign(MD))
        return false;
    } else {
      // 'static inline' functions are used in headers; don't warn.
      if (FD->getStorageClass() == SC_Static &&
          FD->isInlineSpecified())
        return false;
    }

    if (FD->isThisDeclarationADefinition() &&
        Context.DeclMustBeEmitted(FD))
      return false;

  } else if (const VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(D)) {
    if (!VD->isFileVarDecl() ||
        VD->getType().isConstant(Context) ||
        Context.DeclMustBeEmitted(VD))
      return false;

    if (VD->isStaticDataMember() &&
        VD->getTemplateSpecializationKind() == TSK_ImplicitInstantiation)
      return false;

  } else {
    return false;
  }

  // Only warn for unused decls internal to the translation unit.
  if (D->getLinkage() == ExternalLinkage)
    return false;

  return true;
}

void Sema::MarkUnusedFileScopedDecl(const DeclaratorDecl *D) {
  if (!D)
    return;

  if (const FunctionDecl *FD = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(D)) {
    const FunctionDecl *First = FD->getFirstDeclaration();
    if (FD != First && ShouldWarnIfUnusedFileScopedDecl(First))
      return; // First should already be in the vector.
  }

  if (const VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(D)) {
    const VarDecl *First = VD->getFirstDeclaration();
    if (VD != First && ShouldWarnIfUnusedFileScopedDecl(First))
      return; // First should already be in the vector.
  }

   if (ShouldWarnIfUnusedFileScopedDecl(D))
     UnusedFileScopedDecls.push_back(D);
 }

static bool ShouldDiagnoseUnusedDecl(const NamedDecl *D) {
  if (D->isInvalidDecl())
    return false;

  if (D->isUsed() || D->hasAttr<UnusedAttr>())
    return false;

  if (isa<LabelDecl>(D))
    return true;
  
  // White-list anything that isn't a local variable.
  if (!isa<VarDecl>(D) || isa<ParmVarDecl>(D) || isa<ImplicitParamDecl>(D) ||
      !D->getDeclContext()->isFunctionOrMethod())
    return false;

  // Types of valid local variables should be complete, so this should succeed.
  if (const ValueDecl *VD = dyn_cast<ValueDecl>(D)) {

    // White-list anything with an __attribute__((unused)) type.
    QualType Ty = VD->getType();

    // Only look at the outermost level of typedef.
    if (const TypedefType *TT = dyn_cast<TypedefType>(Ty)) {
      if (TT->getDecl()->hasAttr<UnusedAttr>())
        return false;
    }

    // If we failed to complete the type for some reason, or if the type is
    // dependent, don't diagnose the variable. 
    if (Ty->isIncompleteType() || Ty->isDependentType())
      return false;

    if (const TagType *TT = Ty->getAs<TagType>()) {
      const TagDecl *Tag = TT->getDecl();
      if (Tag->hasAttr<UnusedAttr>())
        return false;

      if (const CXXRecordDecl *RD = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(Tag)) {
        // FIXME: Checking for the presence of a user-declared constructor
        // isn't completely accurate; we'd prefer to check that the initializer
        // has no side effects.
        if (RD->hasUserDeclaredConstructor() || !RD->hasTrivialDestructor())
          return false;
      }
    }

    // TODO: __attribute__((unused)) templates?
  }
  
  return true;
}

/// DiagnoseUnusedDecl - Emit warnings about declarations that are not used
/// unless they are marked attr(unused).
void Sema::DiagnoseUnusedDecl(const NamedDecl *D) {
  if (!ShouldDiagnoseUnusedDecl(D))
    return;
  
  unsigned DiagID;
  if (isa<VarDecl>(D) && cast<VarDecl>(D)->isExceptionVariable())
    DiagID = diag::warn_unused_exception_param;
  else if (isa<LabelDecl>(D))
    DiagID = diag::warn_unused_label;
  else
    DiagID = diag::warn_unused_variable;

  Diag(D->getLocation(), DiagID) << D->getDeclName();
}

static void CheckPoppedLabel(LabelDecl *L, Sema &S) {
  // Verify that we have no forward references left.  If so, there was a goto
  // or address of a label taken, but no definition of it.  Label fwd
  // definitions are indicated with a null substmt.
  if (L->getStmt() == 0)
    S.Diag(L->getLocation(), diag::err_undeclared_label_use) <<L->getDeclName();
}

void Sema::ActOnPopScope(SourceLocation Loc, Scope *S) {
  if (S->decl_empty()) return;
  assert((S->getFlags() & (Scope::DeclScope | Scope::TemplateParamScope)) &&
         "Scope shouldn't contain decls!");

  for (Scope::decl_iterator I = S->decl_begin(), E = S->decl_end();
       I != E; ++I) {
    Decl *TmpD = (*I);
    assert(TmpD && "This decl didn't get pushed??");

    assert(isa<NamedDecl>(TmpD) && "Decl isn't NamedDecl?");
    NamedDecl *D = cast<NamedDecl>(TmpD);

    if (!D->getDeclName()) continue;

    // Diagnose unused variables in this scope.
    if (!S->hasErrorOccurred())
      DiagnoseUnusedDecl(D);
    
    // If this was a forward reference to a label, verify it was defined.
    if (LabelDecl *LD = dyn_cast<LabelDecl>(D))
      CheckPoppedLabel(LD, *this);
    
    // Remove this name from our lexical scope.
    IdResolver.RemoveDecl(D);
  }
}

/// \brief Look for an Objective-C class in the translation unit.
///
/// \param Id The name of the Objective-C class we're looking for. If
/// typo-correction fixes this name, the Id will be updated
/// to the fixed name.
///
/// \param IdLoc The location of the name in the translation unit.
///
/// \param TypoCorrection If true, this routine will attempt typo correction
/// if there is no class with the given name.
///
/// \returns The declaration of the named Objective-C class, or NULL if the
/// class could not be found.
ObjCInterfaceDecl *Sema::getObjCInterfaceDecl(IdentifierInfo *&Id,
                                              SourceLocation IdLoc,
                                              bool TypoCorrection) {
  // The third "scope" argument is 0 since we aren't enabling lazy built-in
  // creation from this context.
  NamedDecl *IDecl = LookupSingleName(TUScope, Id, IdLoc, LookupOrdinaryName);

  if (!IDecl && TypoCorrection) {
    // Perform typo correction at the given location, but only if we
    // find an Objective-C class name.
    LookupResult R(*this, Id, IdLoc, LookupOrdinaryName);
    if (CorrectTypo(R, TUScope, 0, 0, false, CTC_NoKeywords) &&
        (IDecl = R.getAsSingle<ObjCInterfaceDecl>())) {
      Diag(IdLoc, diag::err_undef_interface_suggest)
        << Id << IDecl->getDeclName() 
        << FixItHint::CreateReplacement(IdLoc, IDecl->getNameAsString());
      Diag(IDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_decl)
        << IDecl->getDeclName();
      
      Id = IDecl->getIdentifier();
    }
  }

  return dyn_cast_or_null<ObjCInterfaceDecl>(IDecl);
}

/// getNonFieldDeclScope - Retrieves the innermost scope, starting
/// from S, where a non-field would be declared. This routine copes
/// with the difference between C and C++ scoping rules in structs and
/// unions. For example, the following code is well-formed in C but
/// ill-formed in C++:
/// @code
/// struct S6 {
///   enum { BAR } e;
/// };
///
/// void test_S6() {
///   struct S6 a;
///   a.e = BAR;
/// }
/// @endcode
/// For the declaration of BAR, this routine will return a different
/// scope. The scope S will be the scope of the unnamed enumeration
/// within S6. In C++, this routine will return the scope associated
/// with S6, because the enumeration's scope is a transparent
/// context but structures can contain non-field names. In C, this
/// routine will return the translation unit scope, since the
/// enumeration's scope is a transparent context and structures cannot
/// contain non-field names.
Scope *Sema::getNonFieldDeclScope(Scope *S) {
  while (((S->getFlags() & Scope::DeclScope) == 0) ||
         (S->getEntity() &&
          ((DeclContext *)S->getEntity())->isTransparentContext()) ||
         (S->isClassScope() && !getLangOptions().CPlusPlus))
    S = S->getParent();
  return S;
}

/// LazilyCreateBuiltin - The specified Builtin-ID was first used at
/// file scope.  lazily create a decl for it. ForRedeclaration is true
/// if we're creating this built-in in anticipation of redeclaring the
/// built-in.
NamedDecl *Sema::LazilyCreateBuiltin(IdentifierInfo *II, unsigned bid,
                                     Scope *S, bool ForRedeclaration,
                                     SourceLocation Loc) {
  Builtin::ID BID = (Builtin::ID)bid;

  ASTContext::GetBuiltinTypeError Error;
  QualType R = Context.GetBuiltinType(BID, Error);
  switch (Error) {
  case ASTContext::GE_None:
    // Okay
    break;

  case ASTContext::GE_Missing_stdio:
    if (ForRedeclaration)
      Diag(Loc, diag::warn_implicit_decl_requires_stdio)
        << Context.BuiltinInfo.GetName(BID);
    return 0;

  case ASTContext::GE_Missing_setjmp:
    if (ForRedeclaration)
      Diag(Loc, diag::warn_implicit_decl_requires_setjmp)
        << Context.BuiltinInfo.GetName(BID);
    return 0;
  }

  if (!ForRedeclaration && Context.BuiltinInfo.isPredefinedLibFunction(BID)) {
    Diag(Loc, diag::ext_implicit_lib_function_decl)
      << Context.BuiltinInfo.GetName(BID)
      << R;
    if (Context.BuiltinInfo.getHeaderName(BID) &&
        Diags.getDiagnosticLevel(diag::ext_implicit_lib_function_decl, Loc)
          != Diagnostic::Ignored)
      Diag(Loc, diag::note_please_include_header)
        << Context.BuiltinInfo.getHeaderName(BID)
        << Context.BuiltinInfo.GetName(BID);
  }

  FunctionDecl *New = FunctionDecl::Create(Context,
                                           Context.getTranslationUnitDecl(),
                                           Loc, II, R, /*TInfo=*/0,
                                           SC_Extern,
                                           SC_None, false,
                                           /*hasPrototype=*/true);
  New->setImplicit();

  // Create Decl objects for each parameter, adding them to the
  // FunctionDecl.
  if (const FunctionProtoType *FT = dyn_cast<FunctionProtoType>(R)) {
    llvm::SmallVector<ParmVarDecl*, 16> Params;
    for (unsigned i = 0, e = FT->getNumArgs(); i != e; ++i)
      Params.push_back(ParmVarDecl::Create(Context, New, SourceLocation(), 0,
                                           FT->getArgType(i), /*TInfo=*/0,
                                           SC_None, SC_None, 0));
    New->setParams(Params.data(), Params.size());
  }

  AddKnownFunctionAttributes(New);

  // TUScope is the translation-unit scope to insert this function into.
  // FIXME: This is hideous. We need to teach PushOnScopeChains to
  // relate Scopes to DeclContexts, and probably eliminate CurContext
  // entirely, but we're not there yet.
  DeclContext *SavedContext = CurContext;
  CurContext = Context.getTranslationUnitDecl();
  PushOnScopeChains(New, TUScope);
  CurContext = SavedContext;
  return New;
}

/// MergeTypeDefDecl - We just parsed a typedef 'New' which has the
/// same name and scope as a previous declaration 'Old'.  Figure out
/// how to resolve this situation, merging decls or emitting
/// diagnostics as appropriate. If there was an error, set New to be invalid.
///
void Sema::MergeTypeDefDecl(TypedefDecl *New, LookupResult &OldDecls) {
  // If the new decl is known invalid already, don't bother doing any
  // merging checks.
  if (New->isInvalidDecl()) return;

  // Allow multiple definitions for ObjC built-in typedefs.
  // FIXME: Verify the underlying types are equivalent!
  if (getLangOptions().ObjC1) {
    const IdentifierInfo *TypeID = New->getIdentifier();
    switch (TypeID->getLength()) {
    default: break;
    case 2:
      if (!TypeID->isStr("id"))
        break;
      Context.ObjCIdRedefinitionType = New->getUnderlyingType();
      // Install the built-in type for 'id', ignoring the current definition.
      New->setTypeForDecl(Context.getObjCIdType().getTypePtr());
      return;
    case 5:
      if (!TypeID->isStr("Class"))
        break;
      Context.ObjCClassRedefinitionType = New->getUnderlyingType();
      // Install the built-in type for 'Class', ignoring the current definition.
      New->setTypeForDecl(Context.getObjCClassType().getTypePtr());
      return;
    case 3:
      if (!TypeID->isStr("SEL"))
        break;
      Context.ObjCSelRedefinitionType = New->getUnderlyingType();
      // Install the built-in type for 'SEL', ignoring the current definition.
      New->setTypeForDecl(Context.getObjCSelType().getTypePtr());
      return;
    case 8:
      if (!TypeID->isStr("Protocol"))
        break;
      Context.setObjCProtoType(New->getUnderlyingType());
      return;
    }
    // Fall through - the typedef name was not a builtin type.
  }

  // Verify the old decl was also a type.
  TypeDecl *Old = OldDecls.getAsSingle<TypeDecl>();
  if (!Old) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_redefinition_different_kind)
      << New->getDeclName();

    NamedDecl *OldD = OldDecls.getRepresentativeDecl();
    if (OldD->getLocation().isValid())
      Diag(OldD->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);

    return New->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  // If the old declaration is invalid, just give up here.
  if (Old->isInvalidDecl())
    return New->setInvalidDecl();

  // Determine the "old" type we'll use for checking and diagnostics.
  QualType OldType;
  if (TypedefDecl *OldTypedef = dyn_cast<TypedefDecl>(Old))
    OldType = OldTypedef->getUnderlyingType();
  else
    OldType = Context.getTypeDeclType(Old);

  // If the typedef types are not identical, reject them in all languages and
  // with any extensions enabled.

  if (OldType != New->getUnderlyingType() &&
      Context.getCanonicalType(OldType) !=
      Context.getCanonicalType(New->getUnderlyingType())) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_redefinition_different_typedef)
      << New->getUnderlyingType() << OldType;
    if (Old->getLocation().isValid())
      Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    return New->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  // The types match.  Link up the redeclaration chain if the old
  // declaration was a typedef.
  // FIXME: this is a potential source of wierdness if the type
  // spellings don't match exactly.
  if (isa<TypedefDecl>(Old))
    New->setPreviousDeclaration(cast<TypedefDecl>(Old));

  if (getLangOptions().Microsoft)
    return;

  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    // C++ [dcl.typedef]p2:
    //   In a given non-class scope, a typedef specifier can be used to
    //   redefine the name of any type declared in that scope to refer
    //   to the type to which it already refers.
    if (!isa<CXXRecordDecl>(CurContext))
      return;

    // C++0x [dcl.typedef]p4:
    //   In a given class scope, a typedef specifier can be used to redefine 
    //   any class-name declared in that scope that is not also a typedef-name
    //   to refer to the type to which it already refers.
    //
    // This wording came in via DR424, which was a correction to the
    // wording in DR56, which accidentally banned code like:
    //
    //   struct S {
    //     typedef struct A { } A;
    //   };
    //
    // in the C++03 standard. We implement the C++0x semantics, which
    // allow the above but disallow
    //
    //   struct S {
    //     typedef int I;
    //     typedef int I;
    //   };
    //
    // since that was the intent of DR56.
    if (!isa<TypedefDecl >(Old))
      return;

    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_redefinition)
      << New->getDeclName();
    Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    return New->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  // If we have a redefinition of a typedef in C, emit a warning.  This warning
  // is normally mapped to an error, but can be controlled with
  // -Wtypedef-redefinition.  If either the original or the redefinition is
  // in a system header, don't emit this for compatibility with GCC.
  if (getDiagnostics().getSuppressSystemWarnings() &&
      (Context.getSourceManager().isInSystemHeader(Old->getLocation()) ||
       Context.getSourceManager().isInSystemHeader(New->getLocation())))
    return;

  Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::warn_redefinition_of_typedef)
    << New->getDeclName();
  Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
  return;
}

/// DeclhasAttr - returns true if decl Declaration already has the target
/// attribute.
static bool
DeclHasAttr(const Decl *D, const Attr *A) {
  const OwnershipAttr *OA = dyn_cast<OwnershipAttr>(A);
  for (Decl::attr_iterator i = D->attr_begin(), e = D->attr_end(); i != e; ++i)
    if ((*i)->getKind() == A->getKind()) {
      // FIXME: Don't hardcode this check
      if (OA && isa<OwnershipAttr>(*i))
        return OA->getOwnKind() == cast<OwnershipAttr>(*i)->getOwnKind();
      return true;
    }

  return false;
}

/// MergeDeclAttributes - append attributes from the Old decl to the New one.
static void MergeDeclAttributes(Decl *New, Decl *Old, ASTContext &C) {
  if (!Old->hasAttrs())
    return;
  // Ensure that any moving of objects within the allocated map is done before
  // we process them.
  if (!New->hasAttrs())
    New->setAttrs(AttrVec());
  for (specific_attr_iterator<InheritableAttr>
       i = Old->specific_attr_begin<InheritableAttr>(),
       e = Old->specific_attr_end<InheritableAttr>(); i != e; ++i) {
    if (!DeclHasAttr(New, *i)) {
      InheritableAttr *NewAttr = cast<InheritableAttr>((*i)->clone(C));
      NewAttr->setInherited(true);
      New->addAttr(NewAttr);
    }
  }
}

namespace {

/// Used in MergeFunctionDecl to keep track of function parameters in
/// C.
struct GNUCompatibleParamWarning {
  ParmVarDecl *OldParm;
  ParmVarDecl *NewParm;
  QualType PromotedType;
};

}

/// getSpecialMember - get the special member enum for a method.
Sema::CXXSpecialMember Sema::getSpecialMember(const CXXMethodDecl *MD) {
  if (const CXXConstructorDecl *Ctor = dyn_cast<CXXConstructorDecl>(MD)) {
    if (Ctor->isCopyConstructor())
      return Sema::CXXCopyConstructor;
    
    return Sema::CXXConstructor;
  } 
  
  if (isa<CXXDestructorDecl>(MD))
    return Sema::CXXDestructor;
  
  assert(MD->isCopyAssignmentOperator() && 
         "Must have copy assignment operator");
  return Sema::CXXCopyAssignment;
}

/// canRedefineFunction - checks if a function can be redefined. Currently,
/// only extern inline functions can be redefined, and even then only in
/// GNU89 mode.
static bool canRedefineFunction(const FunctionDecl *FD,
                                const LangOptions& LangOpts) {
  return (LangOpts.GNUMode && !LangOpts.C99 && !LangOpts.CPlusPlus &&
          FD->isInlineSpecified() &&
          FD->getStorageClass() == SC_Extern);
}

/// MergeFunctionDecl - We just parsed a function 'New' from
/// declarator D which has the same name and scope as a previous
/// declaration 'Old'.  Figure out how to resolve this situation,
/// merging decls or emitting diagnostics as appropriate.
///
/// In C++, New and Old must be declarations that are not
/// overloaded. Use IsOverload to determine whether New and Old are
/// overloaded, and to select the Old declaration that New should be
/// merged with.
///
/// Returns true if there was an error, false otherwise.
bool Sema::MergeFunctionDecl(FunctionDecl *New, Decl *OldD) {
  // Verify the old decl was also a function.
  FunctionDecl *Old = 0;
  if (FunctionTemplateDecl *OldFunctionTemplate
        = dyn_cast<FunctionTemplateDecl>(OldD))
    Old = OldFunctionTemplate->getTemplatedDecl();
  else
    Old = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(OldD);
  if (!Old) {
    if (UsingShadowDecl *Shadow = dyn_cast<UsingShadowDecl>(OldD)) {
      Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_using_decl_conflict_reverse);
      Diag(Shadow->getTargetDecl()->getLocation(),
           diag::note_using_decl_target);
      Diag(Shadow->getUsingDecl()->getLocation(),
           diag::note_using_decl) << 0;
      return true;
    }

    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_redefinition_different_kind)
      << New->getDeclName();
    Diag(OldD->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    return true;
  }

  // Determine whether the previous declaration was a definition,
  // implicit declaration, or a declaration.
  diag::kind PrevDiag;
  if (Old->isThisDeclarationADefinition())
    PrevDiag = diag::note_previous_definition;
  else if (Old->isImplicit())
    PrevDiag = diag::note_previous_implicit_declaration;
  else
    PrevDiag = diag::note_previous_declaration;

  QualType OldQType = Context.getCanonicalType(Old->getType());
  QualType NewQType = Context.getCanonicalType(New->getType());

  // Don't complain about this if we're in GNU89 mode and the old function
  // is an extern inline function.
  if (!isa<CXXMethodDecl>(New) && !isa<CXXMethodDecl>(Old) &&
      New->getStorageClass() == SC_Static &&
      Old->getStorageClass() != SC_Static &&
      !canRedefineFunction(Old, getLangOptions())) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_static_non_static)
      << New;
    Diag(Old->getLocation(), PrevDiag);
    return true;
  }

  // If a function is first declared with a calling convention, but is
  // later declared or defined without one, the second decl assumes the
  // calling convention of the first.
  //
  // For the new decl, we have to look at the NON-canonical type to tell the
  // difference between a function that really doesn't have a calling
  // convention and one that is declared cdecl. That's because in
  // canonicalization (see ASTContext.cpp), cdecl is canonicalized away
  // because it is the default calling convention.
  //
  // Note also that we DO NOT return at this point, because we still have
  // other tests to run.
  const FunctionType *OldType = cast<FunctionType>(OldQType);
  const FunctionType *NewType = New->getType()->getAs<FunctionType>();
  FunctionType::ExtInfo OldTypeInfo = OldType->getExtInfo();
  FunctionType::ExtInfo NewTypeInfo = NewType->getExtInfo();
  bool RequiresAdjustment = false;
  if (OldTypeInfo.getCC() != CC_Default &&
      NewTypeInfo.getCC() == CC_Default) {
    NewTypeInfo = NewTypeInfo.withCallingConv(OldTypeInfo.getCC());
    RequiresAdjustment = true;
  } else if (!Context.isSameCallConv(OldTypeInfo.getCC(),
                                     NewTypeInfo.getCC())) {
    // Calling conventions really aren't compatible, so complain.
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_cconv_change)
      << FunctionType::getNameForCallConv(NewTypeInfo.getCC())
      << (OldTypeInfo.getCC() == CC_Default)
      << (OldTypeInfo.getCC() == CC_Default ? "" :
          FunctionType::getNameForCallConv(OldTypeInfo.getCC()));
    Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_declaration);
    return true;
  }

  // FIXME: diagnose the other way around?
  if (OldTypeInfo.getNoReturn() && !NewTypeInfo.getNoReturn()) {
    NewTypeInfo = NewTypeInfo.withNoReturn(true);
    RequiresAdjustment = true;
  }

  // Merge regparm attribute.
  if (OldTypeInfo.getRegParm() != NewTypeInfo.getRegParm()) {
    if (NewTypeInfo.getRegParm()) {
      Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_regparm_mismatch)
        << NewType->getRegParmType()
        << OldType->getRegParmType();
      Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_declaration);      
      return true;
    }

    NewTypeInfo = NewTypeInfo.withRegParm(OldTypeInfo.getRegParm());
    RequiresAdjustment = true;
  }

  if (RequiresAdjustment) {
    NewType = Context.adjustFunctionType(NewType, NewTypeInfo);
    New->setType(QualType(NewType, 0));
    NewQType = Context.getCanonicalType(New->getType());
  }
  
  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    // (C++98 13.1p2):
    //   Certain function declarations cannot be overloaded:
    //     -- Function declarations that differ only in the return type
    //        cannot be overloaded.
    QualType OldReturnType = OldType->getResultType();
    QualType NewReturnType = cast<FunctionType>(NewQType)->getResultType();
    QualType ResQT;
    if (OldReturnType != NewReturnType) {
      if (NewReturnType->isObjCObjectPointerType()
          && OldReturnType->isObjCObjectPointerType())
        ResQT = Context.mergeObjCGCQualifiers(NewQType, OldQType);
      if (ResQT.isNull()) {
        if (New->isCXXClassMember() && New->isOutOfLine())
          Diag(New->getLocation(),
               diag::err_member_def_does_not_match_ret_type) << New;
        else
          Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_ovl_diff_return_type);
        Diag(Old->getLocation(), PrevDiag) << Old << Old->getType();
        return true;
      }
      else
        NewQType = ResQT;
    }

    const CXXMethodDecl* OldMethod = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(Old);
    CXXMethodDecl* NewMethod = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(New);
    if (OldMethod && NewMethod) {
      // Preserve triviality.
      NewMethod->setTrivial(OldMethod->isTrivial());

      bool isFriend = NewMethod->getFriendObjectKind();

      if (!isFriend && NewMethod->getLexicalDeclContext()->isRecord()) {
        //    -- Member function declarations with the same name and the
        //       same parameter types cannot be overloaded if any of them
        //       is a static member function declaration.
        if (OldMethod->isStatic() || NewMethod->isStatic()) {
          Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_ovl_static_nonstatic_member);
          Diag(Old->getLocation(), PrevDiag) << Old << Old->getType();
          return true;
        }
      
        // C++ [class.mem]p1:
        //   [...] A member shall not be declared twice in the
        //   member-specification, except that a nested class or member
        //   class template can be declared and then later defined.
        unsigned NewDiag;
        if (isa<CXXConstructorDecl>(OldMethod))
          NewDiag = diag::err_constructor_redeclared;
        else if (isa<CXXDestructorDecl>(NewMethod))
          NewDiag = diag::err_destructor_redeclared;
        else if (isa<CXXConversionDecl>(NewMethod))
          NewDiag = diag::err_conv_function_redeclared;
        else
          NewDiag = diag::err_member_redeclared;

        Diag(New->getLocation(), NewDiag);
        Diag(Old->getLocation(), PrevDiag) << Old << Old->getType();

      // Complain if this is an explicit declaration of a special
      // member that was initially declared implicitly.
      //
      // As an exception, it's okay to befriend such methods in order
      // to permit the implicit constructor/destructor/operator calls.
      } else if (OldMethod->isImplicit()) {
        if (isFriend) {
          NewMethod->setImplicit();
        } else {
          Diag(NewMethod->getLocation(),
               diag::err_definition_of_implicitly_declared_member) 
            << New << getSpecialMember(OldMethod);
          return true;
        }
      }
    }

    // (C++98 8.3.5p3):
    //   All declarations for a function shall agree exactly in both the
    //   return type and the parameter-type-list.
    // We also want to respect all the extended bits except noreturn.

    // noreturn should now match unless the old type info didn't have it.
    QualType OldQTypeForComparison = OldQType;
    if (!OldTypeInfo.getNoReturn() && NewTypeInfo.getNoReturn()) {
      assert(OldQType == QualType(OldType, 0));
      const FunctionType *OldTypeForComparison
        = Context.adjustFunctionType(OldType, OldTypeInfo.withNoReturn(true));
      OldQTypeForComparison = QualType(OldTypeForComparison, 0);
      assert(OldQTypeForComparison.isCanonical());
    }

    if (OldQTypeForComparison == NewQType)
      return MergeCompatibleFunctionDecls(New, Old);

    // Fall through for conflicting redeclarations and redefinitions.
  }

  // C: Function types need to be compatible, not identical. This handles
  // duplicate function decls like "void f(int); void f(enum X);" properly.
  if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus &&
      Context.typesAreCompatible(OldQType, NewQType)) {
    const FunctionType *OldFuncType = OldQType->getAs<FunctionType>();
    const FunctionType *NewFuncType = NewQType->getAs<FunctionType>();
    const FunctionProtoType *OldProto = 0;
    if (isa<FunctionNoProtoType>(NewFuncType) &&
        (OldProto = dyn_cast<FunctionProtoType>(OldFuncType))) {
      // The old declaration provided a function prototype, but the
      // new declaration does not. Merge in the prototype.
      assert(!OldProto->hasExceptionSpec() && "Exception spec in C");
      llvm::SmallVector<QualType, 16> ParamTypes(OldProto->arg_type_begin(),
                                                 OldProto->arg_type_end());
      NewQType = Context.getFunctionType(NewFuncType->getResultType(),
                                         ParamTypes.data(), ParamTypes.size(),
                                         OldProto->getExtProtoInfo());
      New->setType(NewQType);
      New->setHasInheritedPrototype();

      // Synthesize a parameter for each argument type.
      llvm::SmallVector<ParmVarDecl*, 16> Params;
      for (FunctionProtoType::arg_type_iterator
             ParamType = OldProto->arg_type_begin(),
             ParamEnd = OldProto->arg_type_end();
           ParamType != ParamEnd; ++ParamType) {
        ParmVarDecl *Param = ParmVarDecl::Create(Context, New,
                                                 SourceLocation(), 0,
                                                 *ParamType, /*TInfo=*/0,
                                                 SC_None, SC_None,
                                                 0);
        Param->setImplicit();
        Params.push_back(Param);
      }

      New->setParams(Params.data(), Params.size());
    }

    return MergeCompatibleFunctionDecls(New, Old);
  }

  // GNU C permits a K&R definition to follow a prototype declaration
  // if the declared types of the parameters in the K&R definition
  // match the types in the prototype declaration, even when the
  // promoted types of the parameters from the K&R definition differ
  // from the types in the prototype. GCC then keeps the types from
  // the prototype.
  //
  // If a variadic prototype is followed by a non-variadic K&R definition,
  // the K&R definition becomes variadic.  This is sort of an edge case, but
  // it's legal per the standard depending on how you read C99 6.7.5.3p15 and
  // C99 6.9.1p8.
  if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus &&
      Old->hasPrototype() && !New->hasPrototype() &&
      New->getType()->getAs<FunctionProtoType>() &&
      Old->getNumParams() == New->getNumParams()) {
    llvm::SmallVector<QualType, 16> ArgTypes;
    llvm::SmallVector<GNUCompatibleParamWarning, 16> Warnings;
    const FunctionProtoType *OldProto
      = Old->getType()->getAs<FunctionProtoType>();
    const FunctionProtoType *NewProto
      = New->getType()->getAs<FunctionProtoType>();

    // Determine whether this is the GNU C extension.
    QualType MergedReturn = Context.mergeTypes(OldProto->getResultType(),
                                               NewProto->getResultType());
    bool LooseCompatible = !MergedReturn.isNull();
    for (unsigned Idx = 0, End = Old->getNumParams();
         LooseCompatible && Idx != End; ++Idx) {
      ParmVarDecl *OldParm = Old->getParamDecl(Idx);
      ParmVarDecl *NewParm = New->getParamDecl(Idx);
      if (Context.typesAreCompatible(OldParm->getType(),
                                     NewProto->getArgType(Idx))) {
        ArgTypes.push_back(NewParm->getType());
      } else if (Context.typesAreCompatible(OldParm->getType(),
                                            NewParm->getType(),
                                            /*CompareUnqualified=*/true)) {
        GNUCompatibleParamWarning Warn
          = { OldParm, NewParm, NewProto->getArgType(Idx) };
        Warnings.push_back(Warn);
        ArgTypes.push_back(NewParm->getType());
      } else
        LooseCompatible = false;
    }

    if (LooseCompatible) {
      for (unsigned Warn = 0; Warn < Warnings.size(); ++Warn) {
        Diag(Warnings[Warn].NewParm->getLocation(),
             diag::ext_param_promoted_not_compatible_with_prototype)
          << Warnings[Warn].PromotedType
          << Warnings[Warn].OldParm->getType();
        if (Warnings[Warn].OldParm->getLocation().isValid())
          Diag(Warnings[Warn].OldParm->getLocation(),
               diag::note_previous_declaration);
      }

      New->setType(Context.getFunctionType(MergedReturn, &ArgTypes[0],
                                           ArgTypes.size(),
                                           OldProto->getExtProtoInfo()));
      return MergeCompatibleFunctionDecls(New, Old);
    }

    // Fall through to diagnose conflicting types.
  }

  // A function that has already been declared has been redeclared or defined
  // with a different type- show appropriate diagnostic
  if (unsigned BuiltinID = Old->getBuiltinID()) {
    // The user has declared a builtin function with an incompatible
    // signature.
    if (Context.BuiltinInfo.isPredefinedLibFunction(BuiltinID)) {
      // The function the user is redeclaring is a library-defined
      // function like 'malloc' or 'printf'. Warn about the
      // redeclaration, then pretend that we don't know about this
      // library built-in.
      Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::warn_redecl_library_builtin) << New;
      Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_builtin_declaration)
        << Old << Old->getType();
      New->getIdentifier()->setBuiltinID(Builtin::NotBuiltin);
      Old->setInvalidDecl();
      return false;
    }

    PrevDiag = diag::note_previous_builtin_declaration;
  }

  Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_conflicting_types) << New->getDeclName();
  Diag(Old->getLocation(), PrevDiag) << Old << Old->getType();
  return true;
}

/// \brief Completes the merge of two function declarations that are
/// known to be compatible.
///
/// This routine handles the merging of attributes and other
/// properties of function declarations form the old declaration to
/// the new declaration, once we know that New is in fact a
/// redeclaration of Old.
///
/// \returns false
bool Sema::MergeCompatibleFunctionDecls(FunctionDecl *New, FunctionDecl *Old) {
  // Merge the attributes
  MergeDeclAttributes(New, Old, Context);

  // Merge the storage class.
  if (Old->getStorageClass() != SC_Extern &&
      Old->getStorageClass() != SC_None)
    New->setStorageClass(Old->getStorageClass());

  // Merge "pure" flag.
  if (Old->isPure())
    New->setPure();

  // Merge the "deleted" flag.
  if (Old->isDeleted())
    New->setDeleted();

  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
    return MergeCXXFunctionDecl(New, Old);

  return false;
}

/// MergeVarDecl - We parsed a variable 'New' which has the same name and scope
/// as a previous declaration 'Old'.  Figure out how to merge their types,
/// emitting diagnostics as appropriate.
///
/// Declarations using the auto type specifier (C++ [decl.spec.auto]) call back
/// to here in AddInitializerToDecl and AddCXXDirectInitializerToDecl. We can't
/// check them before the initializer is attached.
///
void Sema::MergeVarDeclTypes(VarDecl *New, VarDecl *Old) {
  if (New->isInvalidDecl() || Old->isInvalidDecl())
    return;

  QualType MergedT;
  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    AutoType *AT = New->getType()->getContainedAutoType();
    if (AT && !AT->isDeduced()) {
      // We don't know what the new type is until the initializer is attached.
      return;
    } else if (Context.hasSameType(New->getType(), Old->getType()))
      return;
    // C++ [basic.link]p10:
    //   [...] the types specified by all declarations referring to a given
    //   object or function shall be identical, except that declarations for an
    //   array object can specify array types that differ by the presence or
    //   absence of a major array bound (8.3.4).
    else if (Old->getType()->isIncompleteArrayType() &&
             New->getType()->isArrayType()) {
      CanQual<ArrayType> OldArray
        = Context.getCanonicalType(Old->getType())->getAs<ArrayType>();
      CanQual<ArrayType> NewArray
        = Context.getCanonicalType(New->getType())->getAs<ArrayType>();
      if (OldArray->getElementType() == NewArray->getElementType())
        MergedT = New->getType();
    } else if (Old->getType()->isArrayType() &&
             New->getType()->isIncompleteArrayType()) {
      CanQual<ArrayType> OldArray
        = Context.getCanonicalType(Old->getType())->getAs<ArrayType>();
      CanQual<ArrayType> NewArray
        = Context.getCanonicalType(New->getType())->getAs<ArrayType>();
      if (OldArray->getElementType() == NewArray->getElementType())
        MergedT = Old->getType();
    } else if (New->getType()->isObjCObjectPointerType()
               && Old->getType()->isObjCObjectPointerType()) {
        MergedT = Context.mergeObjCGCQualifiers(New->getType(),
                                                        Old->getType());
    }
  } else {
    MergedT = Context.mergeTypes(New->getType(), Old->getType());
  }
  if (MergedT.isNull()) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_redefinition_different_type)
      << New->getDeclName();
    Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    return New->setInvalidDecl();
  }
  New->setType(MergedT);
}

/// MergeVarDecl - We just parsed a variable 'New' which has the same name
/// and scope as a previous declaration 'Old'.  Figure out how to resolve this
/// situation, merging decls or emitting diagnostics as appropriate.
///
/// Tentative definition rules (C99 6.9.2p2) are checked by
/// FinalizeDeclaratorGroup. Unfortunately, we can't analyze tentative
/// definitions here, since the initializer hasn't been attached.
///
void Sema::MergeVarDecl(VarDecl *New, LookupResult &Previous) {
  // If the new decl is already invalid, don't do any other checking.
  if (New->isInvalidDecl())
    return;

  // Verify the old decl was also a variable.
  VarDecl *Old = 0;
  if (!Previous.isSingleResult() ||
      !(Old = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(Previous.getFoundDecl()))) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_redefinition_different_kind)
      << New->getDeclName();
    Diag(Previous.getRepresentativeDecl()->getLocation(),
         diag::note_previous_definition);
    return New->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  // C++ [class.mem]p1:
  //   A member shall not be declared twice in the member-specification [...]
  // 
  // Here, we need only consider static data members.
  if (Old->isStaticDataMember() && !New->isOutOfLine()) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_duplicate_member) 
      << New->getIdentifier();
    Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_declaration);
    New->setInvalidDecl();
  }
  
  MergeDeclAttributes(New, Old, Context);

  // Merge the types.
  MergeVarDeclTypes(New, Old);
  if (New->isInvalidDecl())
    return;

  // C99 6.2.2p4: Check if we have a static decl followed by a non-static.
  if (New->getStorageClass() == SC_Static &&
      (Old->getStorageClass() == SC_None || Old->hasExternalStorage())) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_static_non_static) << New->getDeclName();
    Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    return New->setInvalidDecl();
  }
  // C99 6.2.2p4:
  //   For an identifier declared with the storage-class specifier
  //   extern in a scope in which a prior declaration of that
  //   identifier is visible,23) if the prior declaration specifies
  //   internal or external linkage, the linkage of the identifier at
  //   the later declaration is the same as the linkage specified at
  //   the prior declaration. If no prior declaration is visible, or
  //   if the prior declaration specifies no linkage, then the
  //   identifier has external linkage.
  if (New->hasExternalStorage() && Old->hasLinkage())
    /* Okay */;
  else if (New->getStorageClass() != SC_Static &&
           Old->getStorageClass() == SC_Static) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_non_static_static) << New->getDeclName();
    Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    return New->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  // Check if extern is followed by non-extern and vice-versa.
  if (New->hasExternalStorage() &&
      !Old->hasLinkage() && Old->isLocalVarDecl()) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_extern_non_extern) << New->getDeclName();
    Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    return New->setInvalidDecl();
  }
  if (Old->hasExternalStorage() &&
      !New->hasLinkage() && New->isLocalVarDecl()) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_non_extern_extern) << New->getDeclName();
    Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    return New->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  // Variables with external linkage are analyzed in FinalizeDeclaratorGroup.

  // FIXME: The test for external storage here seems wrong? We still
  // need to check for mismatches.
  if (!New->hasExternalStorage() && !New->isFileVarDecl() &&
      // Don't complain about out-of-line definitions of static members.
      !(Old->getLexicalDeclContext()->isRecord() &&
        !New->getLexicalDeclContext()->isRecord())) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_redefinition) << New->getDeclName();
    Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    return New->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  if (New->isThreadSpecified() && !Old->isThreadSpecified()) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_thread_non_thread) << New->getDeclName();
    Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
  } else if (!New->isThreadSpecified() && Old->isThreadSpecified()) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_non_thread_thread) << New->getDeclName();
    Diag(Old->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
  }

  // C++ doesn't have tentative definitions, so go right ahead and check here.
  const VarDecl *Def;
  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus &&
      New->isThisDeclarationADefinition() == VarDecl::Definition &&
      (Def = Old->getDefinition())) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_redefinition)
      << New->getDeclName();
    Diag(Def->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    New->setInvalidDecl();
    return;
  }
  // c99 6.2.2 P4.
  // For an identifier declared with the storage-class specifier extern in a
  // scope in which a prior declaration of that identifier is visible, if 
  // the prior declaration specifies internal or external linkage, the linkage 
  // of the identifier at the later declaration is the same as the linkage 
  // specified at the prior declaration.
  // FIXME. revisit this code.
  if (New->hasExternalStorage() &&
      Old->getLinkage() == InternalLinkage &&
      New->getDeclContext() == Old->getDeclContext())
    New->setStorageClass(Old->getStorageClass());

  // Keep a chain of previous declarations.
  New->setPreviousDeclaration(Old);

  // Inherit access appropriately.
  New->setAccess(Old->getAccess());
}

/// ParsedFreeStandingDeclSpec - This method is invoked when a declspec with
/// no declarator (e.g. "struct foo;") is parsed.
Decl *Sema::ParsedFreeStandingDeclSpec(Scope *S, AccessSpecifier AS,
                                            DeclSpec &DS) {
  // FIXME: Error on inline/virtual/explicit
  // FIXME: Warn on useless __thread
  // FIXME: Warn on useless const/volatile
  // FIXME: Warn on useless static/extern/typedef/private_extern/mutable
  // FIXME: Warn on useless attributes
  Decl *TagD = 0;
  TagDecl *Tag = 0;
  if (DS.getTypeSpecType() == DeclSpec::TST_class ||
      DS.getTypeSpecType() == DeclSpec::TST_struct ||
      DS.getTypeSpecType() == DeclSpec::TST_union ||
      DS.getTypeSpecType() == DeclSpec::TST_enum) {
    TagD = DS.getRepAsDecl();

    if (!TagD) // We probably had an error
      return 0;

    // Note that the above type specs guarantee that the
    // type rep is a Decl, whereas in many of the others
    // it's a Type.
    Tag = dyn_cast<TagDecl>(TagD);
  }

  if (unsigned TypeQuals = DS.getTypeQualifiers()) {
    // Enforce C99 6.7.3p2: "Types other than pointer types derived from object
    // or incomplete types shall not be restrict-qualified."
    if (TypeQuals & DeclSpec::TQ_restrict)
      Diag(DS.getRestrictSpecLoc(),
           diag::err_typecheck_invalid_restrict_not_pointer_noarg)
           << DS.getSourceRange();
  }

  if (DS.isFriendSpecified()) {
    // If we're dealing with a decl but not a TagDecl, assume that
    // whatever routines created it handled the friendship aspect.
    if (TagD && !Tag)
      return 0;
    return ActOnFriendTypeDecl(S, DS, MultiTemplateParamsArg(*this, 0, 0));
  }
         
  if (RecordDecl *Record = dyn_cast_or_null<RecordDecl>(Tag)) {
    ProcessDeclAttributeList(S, Record, DS.getAttributes().getList());
    
    if (!Record->getDeclName() && Record->isDefinition() &&
        DS.getStorageClassSpec() != DeclSpec::SCS_typedef) {
      if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus ||
          Record->getDeclContext()->isRecord())
        return BuildAnonymousStructOrUnion(S, DS, AS, Record);

      Diag(DS.getSourceRange().getBegin(), diag::ext_no_declarators)
        << DS.getSourceRange();
    }
  }

  // Check for Microsoft C extension: anonymous struct.
  if (getLangOptions().Microsoft && !getLangOptions().CPlusPlus &&
      CurContext->isRecord() &&
      DS.getStorageClassSpec() == DeclSpec::SCS_unspecified) {
    // Handle 2 kinds of anonymous struct:
    //   struct STRUCT;
    // and
    //   STRUCT_TYPE;  <- where STRUCT_TYPE is a typedef struct.
    RecordDecl *Record = dyn_cast_or_null<RecordDecl>(Tag);
    if ((Record && Record->getDeclName() && !Record->isDefinition()) ||
        (DS.getTypeSpecType() == DeclSpec::TST_typename &&
         DS.getRepAsType().get()->isStructureType())) {
      Diag(DS.getSourceRange().getBegin(), diag::ext_ms_anonymous_struct)
        << DS.getSourceRange();
      return BuildMicrosoftCAnonymousStruct(S, DS, Record);
    }
  }
  
  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus && 
      DS.getStorageClassSpec() != DeclSpec::SCS_typedef)
    if (EnumDecl *Enum = dyn_cast_or_null<EnumDecl>(Tag))
      if (Enum->enumerator_begin() == Enum->enumerator_end() &&
          !Enum->getIdentifier() && !Enum->isInvalidDecl())
        Diag(Enum->getLocation(), diag::ext_no_declarators)
          << DS.getSourceRange();
      
  if (!DS.isMissingDeclaratorOk() &&
      DS.getTypeSpecType() != DeclSpec::TST_error) {
    // Warn about typedefs of enums without names, since this is an
    // extension in both Microsoft and GNU.
    if (DS.getStorageClassSpec() == DeclSpec::SCS_typedef &&
        Tag && isa<EnumDecl>(Tag)) {
      Diag(DS.getSourceRange().getBegin(), diag::ext_typedef_without_a_name)
        << DS.getSourceRange();
      return Tag;
    }

    Diag(DS.getSourceRange().getBegin(), diag::ext_no_declarators)
      << DS.getSourceRange();
  }

  return TagD;
}

/// ActOnVlaStmt - This rouine if finds a vla expression in a decl spec.
/// builds a statement for it and returns it so it is evaluated.
StmtResult Sema::ActOnVlaStmt(const DeclSpec &DS) {
  StmtResult R;
  if (DS.getTypeSpecType() == DeclSpec::TST_typeofExpr) {
    Expr *Exp = DS.getRepAsExpr();
    QualType Ty = Exp->getType();
    if (Ty->isPointerType()) {
      do
        Ty = Ty->getAs<PointerType>()->getPointeeType();
      while (Ty->isPointerType());
    }
    if (Ty->isVariableArrayType()) {
      R = ActOnExprStmt(MakeFullExpr(Exp));
    }
  }
  return R;
}

/// We are trying to inject an anonymous member into the given scope;
/// check if there's an existing declaration that can't be overloaded.
///
/// \return true if this is a forbidden redeclaration
static bool CheckAnonMemberRedeclaration(Sema &SemaRef,
                                         Scope *S,
                                         DeclContext *Owner,
                                         DeclarationName Name,
                                         SourceLocation NameLoc,
                                         unsigned diagnostic) {
  LookupResult R(SemaRef, Name, NameLoc, Sema::LookupMemberName,
                 Sema::ForRedeclaration);
  if (!SemaRef.LookupName(R, S)) return false;

  if (R.getAsSingle<TagDecl>())
    return false;

  // Pick a representative declaration.
  NamedDecl *PrevDecl = R.getRepresentativeDecl()->getUnderlyingDecl();
  assert(PrevDecl && "Expected a non-null Decl");

  if (!SemaRef.isDeclInScope(PrevDecl, Owner, S))
    return false;

  SemaRef.Diag(NameLoc, diagnostic) << Name;
  SemaRef.Diag(PrevDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_declaration);

  return true;
}

/// InjectAnonymousStructOrUnionMembers - Inject the members of the
/// anonymous struct or union AnonRecord into the owning context Owner
/// and scope S. This routine will be invoked just after we realize
/// that an unnamed union or struct is actually an anonymous union or
/// struct, e.g.,
///
/// @code
/// union {
///   int i;
///   float f;
/// }; // InjectAnonymousStructOrUnionMembers called here to inject i and
///    // f into the surrounding scope.x
/// @endcode
///
/// This routine is recursive, injecting the names of nested anonymous
/// structs/unions into the owning context and scope as well.
static bool InjectAnonymousStructOrUnionMembers(Sema &SemaRef, Scope *S,
                                                DeclContext *Owner,
                                                RecordDecl *AnonRecord,
                                                AccessSpecifier AS,
                              llvm::SmallVector<NamedDecl*, 2> &Chaining,
                                                      bool MSAnonStruct) {
  unsigned diagKind
    = AnonRecord->isUnion() ? diag::err_anonymous_union_member_redecl
                            : diag::err_anonymous_struct_member_redecl;

  bool Invalid = false;

  // Look every FieldDecl and IndirectFieldDecl with a name.
  for (RecordDecl::decl_iterator D = AnonRecord->decls_begin(),
                               DEnd = AnonRecord->decls_end();
       D != DEnd; ++D) {
    if ((isa<FieldDecl>(*D) || isa<IndirectFieldDecl>(*D)) &&
        cast<NamedDecl>(*D)->getDeclName()) {
      ValueDecl *VD = cast<ValueDecl>(*D);
      if (CheckAnonMemberRedeclaration(SemaRef, S, Owner, VD->getDeclName(),
                                       VD->getLocation(), diagKind)) {
        // C++ [class.union]p2:
        //   The names of the members of an anonymous union shall be
        //   distinct from the names of any other entity in the
        //   scope in which the anonymous union is declared.
        Invalid = true;
      } else {
        // C++ [class.union]p2:
        //   For the purpose of name lookup, after the anonymous union
        //   definition, the members of the anonymous union are
        //   considered to have been defined in the scope in which the
        //   anonymous union is declared.
        unsigned OldChainingSize = Chaining.size();
        if (IndirectFieldDecl *IF = dyn_cast<IndirectFieldDecl>(VD))
          for (IndirectFieldDecl::chain_iterator PI = IF->chain_begin(),
               PE = IF->chain_end(); PI != PE; ++PI)
            Chaining.push_back(*PI);
        else
          Chaining.push_back(VD);

        assert(Chaining.size() >= 2);
        NamedDecl **NamedChain =
          new (SemaRef.Context)NamedDecl*[Chaining.size()];
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < Chaining.size(); i++)
          NamedChain[i] = Chaining[i];

        IndirectFieldDecl* IndirectField =
          IndirectFieldDecl::Create(SemaRef.Context, Owner, VD->getLocation(),
                                    VD->getIdentifier(), VD->getType(),
                                    NamedChain, Chaining.size());

        IndirectField->setAccess(AS);
        IndirectField->setImplicit();
        SemaRef.PushOnScopeChains(IndirectField, S);

        // That includes picking up the appropriate access specifier.
        if (AS != AS_none) IndirectField->setAccess(AS);

        Chaining.resize(OldChainingSize);
      }
    }
  }

  return Invalid;
}

/// StorageClassSpecToVarDeclStorageClass - Maps a DeclSpec::SCS to
/// a VarDecl::StorageClass. Any error reporting is up to the caller:
/// illegal input values are mapped to SC_None.
static StorageClass
StorageClassSpecToVarDeclStorageClass(DeclSpec::SCS StorageClassSpec) {
  switch (StorageClassSpec) {
  case DeclSpec::SCS_unspecified:    return SC_None;
  case DeclSpec::SCS_extern:         return SC_Extern;
  case DeclSpec::SCS_static:         return SC_Static;
  case DeclSpec::SCS_auto:           return SC_Auto;
  case DeclSpec::SCS_register:       return SC_Register;
  case DeclSpec::SCS_private_extern: return SC_PrivateExtern;
    // Illegal SCSs map to None: error reporting is up to the caller.
  case DeclSpec::SCS_mutable:        // Fall through.
  case DeclSpec::SCS_typedef:        return SC_None;
  }
  llvm_unreachable("unknown storage class specifier");
}

/// StorageClassSpecToFunctionDeclStorageClass - Maps a DeclSpec::SCS to
/// a StorageClass. Any error reporting is up to the caller:
/// illegal input values are mapped to SC_None.
static StorageClass
StorageClassSpecToFunctionDeclStorageClass(DeclSpec::SCS StorageClassSpec) {
  switch (StorageClassSpec) {
  case DeclSpec::SCS_unspecified:    return SC_None;
  case DeclSpec::SCS_extern:         return SC_Extern;
  case DeclSpec::SCS_static:         return SC_Static;
  case DeclSpec::SCS_private_extern: return SC_PrivateExtern;
    // Illegal SCSs map to None: error reporting is up to the caller.
  case DeclSpec::SCS_auto:           // Fall through.
  case DeclSpec::SCS_mutable:        // Fall through.
  case DeclSpec::SCS_register:       // Fall through.
  case DeclSpec::SCS_typedef:        return SC_None;
  }
  llvm_unreachable("unknown storage class specifier");
}

/// BuildAnonymousStructOrUnion - Handle the declaration of an
/// anonymous structure or union. Anonymous unions are a C++ feature
/// (C++ [class.union]) and a GNU C extension; anonymous structures
/// are a GNU C and GNU C++ extension.
Decl *Sema::BuildAnonymousStructOrUnion(Scope *S, DeclSpec &DS,
                                             AccessSpecifier AS,
                                             RecordDecl *Record) {
  DeclContext *Owner = Record->getDeclContext();

  // Diagnose whether this anonymous struct/union is an extension.
  if (Record->isUnion() && !getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
    Diag(Record->getLocation(), diag::ext_anonymous_union);
  else if (!Record->isUnion())
    Diag(Record->getLocation(), diag::ext_anonymous_struct);

  // C and C++ require different kinds of checks for anonymous
  // structs/unions.
  bool Invalid = false;
  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    const char* PrevSpec = 0;
    unsigned DiagID;
    // C++ [class.union]p3:
    //   Anonymous unions declared in a named namespace or in the
    //   global namespace shall be declared static.
    if (DS.getStorageClassSpec() != DeclSpec::SCS_static &&
        (isa<TranslationUnitDecl>(Owner) ||
         (isa<NamespaceDecl>(Owner) &&
          cast<NamespaceDecl>(Owner)->getDeclName()))) {
      Diag(Record->getLocation(), diag::err_anonymous_union_not_static);
      Invalid = true;

      // Recover by adding 'static'.
      DS.SetStorageClassSpec(DeclSpec::SCS_static, SourceLocation(),
                             PrevSpec, DiagID, getLangOptions());
    }
    // C++ [class.union]p3:
    //   A storage class is not allowed in a declaration of an
    //   anonymous union in a class scope.
    else if (DS.getStorageClassSpec() != DeclSpec::SCS_unspecified &&
             isa<RecordDecl>(Owner)) {
      Diag(DS.getStorageClassSpecLoc(),
           diag::err_anonymous_union_with_storage_spec);
      Invalid = true;

      // Recover by removing the storage specifier.
      DS.SetStorageClassSpec(DeclSpec::SCS_unspecified, SourceLocation(),
                             PrevSpec, DiagID, getLangOptions());
    }

    // C++ [class.union]p2:
    //   The member-specification of an anonymous union shall only
    //   define non-static data members. [Note: nested types and
    //   functions cannot be declared within an anonymous union. ]
    for (DeclContext::decl_iterator Mem = Record->decls_begin(),
                                 MemEnd = Record->decls_end();
         Mem != MemEnd; ++Mem) {
      if (FieldDecl *FD = dyn_cast<FieldDecl>(*Mem)) {
        // C++ [class.union]p3:
        //   An anonymous union shall not have private or protected
        //   members (clause 11).
        assert(FD->getAccess() != AS_none);
        if (FD->getAccess() != AS_public) {
          Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::err_anonymous_record_nonpublic_member)
            << (int)Record->isUnion() << (int)(FD->getAccess() == AS_protected);
          Invalid = true;
        }

        if (CheckNontrivialField(FD))
          Invalid = true;
      } else if ((*Mem)->isImplicit()) {
        // Any implicit members are fine.
      } else if (isa<TagDecl>(*Mem) && (*Mem)->getDeclContext() != Record) {
        // This is a type that showed up in an
        // elaborated-type-specifier inside the anonymous struct or
        // union, but which actually declares a type outside of the
        // anonymous struct or union. It's okay.
      } else if (RecordDecl *MemRecord = dyn_cast<RecordDecl>(*Mem)) {
        if (!MemRecord->isAnonymousStructOrUnion() &&
            MemRecord->getDeclName()) {
          // Visual C++ allows type definition in anonymous struct or union.
          if (getLangOptions().Microsoft)
            Diag(MemRecord->getLocation(), diag::ext_anonymous_record_with_type)
              << (int)Record->isUnion();
          else {
            // This is a nested type declaration.
            Diag(MemRecord->getLocation(), diag::err_anonymous_record_with_type)
              << (int)Record->isUnion();
            Invalid = true;
          }
        }
      } else if (isa<AccessSpecDecl>(*Mem)) {
        // Any access specifier is fine.
      } else {
        // We have something that isn't a non-static data
        // member. Complain about it.
        unsigned DK = diag::err_anonymous_record_bad_member;
        if (isa<TypeDecl>(*Mem))
          DK = diag::err_anonymous_record_with_type;
        else if (isa<FunctionDecl>(*Mem))
          DK = diag::err_anonymous_record_with_function;
        else if (isa<VarDecl>(*Mem))
          DK = diag::err_anonymous_record_with_static;
        
        // Visual C++ allows type definition in anonymous struct or union.
        if (getLangOptions().Microsoft &&
            DK == diag::err_anonymous_record_with_type)
          Diag((*Mem)->getLocation(), diag::ext_anonymous_record_with_type)
            << (int)Record->isUnion();
        else {
          Diag((*Mem)->getLocation(), DK)
              << (int)Record->isUnion();
          Invalid = true;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (!Record->isUnion() && !Owner->isRecord()) {
    Diag(Record->getLocation(), diag::err_anonymous_struct_not_member)
      << (int)getLangOptions().CPlusPlus;
    Invalid = true;
  }

  // Mock up a declarator.
  Declarator Dc(DS, Declarator::TypeNameContext);
  TypeSourceInfo *TInfo = GetTypeForDeclarator(Dc, S);
  assert(TInfo && "couldn't build declarator info for anonymous struct/union");

  // Create a declaration for this anonymous struct/union.
  NamedDecl *Anon = 0;
  if (RecordDecl *OwningClass = dyn_cast<RecordDecl>(Owner)) {
    Anon = FieldDecl::Create(Context, OwningClass, Record->getLocation(),
                             /*IdentifierInfo=*/0,
                             Context.getTypeDeclType(Record),
                             TInfo,
                             /*BitWidth=*/0, /*Mutable=*/false);
    Anon->setAccess(AS);
    if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
      FieldCollector->Add(cast<FieldDecl>(Anon));
  } else {
    DeclSpec::SCS SCSpec = DS.getStorageClassSpec();
    assert(SCSpec != DeclSpec::SCS_typedef &&
           "Parser allowed 'typedef' as storage class VarDecl.");
    VarDecl::StorageClass SC = StorageClassSpecToVarDeclStorageClass(SCSpec);
    if (SCSpec == DeclSpec::SCS_mutable) {
      // mutable can only appear on non-static class members, so it's always
      // an error here
      Diag(Record->getLocation(), diag::err_mutable_nonmember);
      Invalid = true;
      SC = SC_None;
    }
    SCSpec = DS.getStorageClassSpecAsWritten();
    VarDecl::StorageClass SCAsWritten
      = StorageClassSpecToVarDeclStorageClass(SCSpec);

    Anon = VarDecl::Create(Context, Owner, Record->getLocation(),
                           /*IdentifierInfo=*/0,
                           Context.getTypeDeclType(Record),
                           TInfo, SC, SCAsWritten);
  }
  Anon->setImplicit();

  // Add the anonymous struct/union object to the current
  // context. We'll be referencing this object when we refer to one of
  // its members.
  Owner->addDecl(Anon);
  
  // Inject the members of the anonymous struct/union into the owning
  // context and into the identifier resolver chain for name lookup
  // purposes.
  llvm::SmallVector<NamedDecl*, 2> Chain;
  Chain.push_back(Anon);

  if (InjectAnonymousStructOrUnionMembers(*this, S, Owner, Record, AS,
                                          Chain, false))
    Invalid = true;

  // Mark this as an anonymous struct/union type. Note that we do not
  // do this until after we have already checked and injected the
  // members of this anonymous struct/union type, because otherwise
  // the members could be injected twice: once by DeclContext when it
  // builds its lookup table, and once by
  // InjectAnonymousStructOrUnionMembers.
  Record->setAnonymousStructOrUnion(true);

  if (Invalid)
    Anon->setInvalidDecl();

  return Anon;
}

/// BuildMicrosoftCAnonymousStruct - Handle the declaration of an
/// Microsoft C anonymous structure.
/// Ref: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/z2cx9y4f.aspx
/// Example:
///
/// struct A { int a; };
/// struct B { struct A; int b; };
///
/// void foo() {
///   B var;
///   var.a = 3; 
/// }
///
Decl *Sema::BuildMicrosoftCAnonymousStruct(Scope *S, DeclSpec &DS,
                                           RecordDecl *Record) {
  
  // If there is no Record, get the record via the typedef.
  if (!Record)
    Record = DS.getRepAsType().get()->getAsStructureType()->getDecl();

  // Mock up a declarator.
  Declarator Dc(DS, Declarator::TypeNameContext);
  TypeSourceInfo *TInfo = GetTypeForDeclarator(Dc, S);
  assert(TInfo && "couldn't build declarator info for anonymous struct");

  // Create a declaration for this anonymous struct.
  NamedDecl* Anon = FieldDecl::Create(Context,
                             cast<RecordDecl>(CurContext),
                             DS.getSourceRange().getBegin(),
                             /*IdentifierInfo=*/0,
                             Context.getTypeDeclType(Record),
                             TInfo,
                             /*BitWidth=*/0, /*Mutable=*/false);
  Anon->setImplicit();

  // Add the anonymous struct object to the current context.
  CurContext->addDecl(Anon);

  // Inject the members of the anonymous struct into the current
  // context and into the identifier resolver chain for name lookup
  // purposes.
  llvm::SmallVector<NamedDecl*, 2> Chain;
  Chain.push_back(Anon);

  if (InjectAnonymousStructOrUnionMembers(*this, S, CurContext,
                                          Record->getDefinition(),
                                          AS_none, Chain, true))
    Anon->setInvalidDecl();

  return Anon;
}

/// GetNameForDeclarator - Determine the full declaration name for the
/// given Declarator.
DeclarationNameInfo Sema::GetNameForDeclarator(Declarator &D) {
  return GetNameFromUnqualifiedId(D.getName());
}

/// \brief Retrieves the declaration name from a parsed unqualified-id.
DeclarationNameInfo
Sema::GetNameFromUnqualifiedId(const UnqualifiedId &Name) {
  DeclarationNameInfo NameInfo;
  NameInfo.setLoc(Name.StartLocation);

  switch (Name.getKind()) {

  case UnqualifiedId::IK_Identifier:
    NameInfo.setName(Name.Identifier);
    NameInfo.setLoc(Name.StartLocation);
    return NameInfo;

  case UnqualifiedId::IK_OperatorFunctionId:
    NameInfo.setName(Context.DeclarationNames.getCXXOperatorName(
                                           Name.OperatorFunctionId.Operator));
    NameInfo.setLoc(Name.StartLocation);
    NameInfo.getInfo().CXXOperatorName.BeginOpNameLoc
      = Name.OperatorFunctionId.SymbolLocations[0];
    NameInfo.getInfo().CXXOperatorName.EndOpNameLoc
      = Name.EndLocation.getRawEncoding();
    return NameInfo;

  case UnqualifiedId::IK_LiteralOperatorId:
    NameInfo.setName(Context.DeclarationNames.getCXXLiteralOperatorName(
                                                           Name.Identifier));
    NameInfo.setLoc(Name.StartLocation);
    NameInfo.setCXXLiteralOperatorNameLoc(Name.EndLocation);
    return NameInfo;

  case UnqualifiedId::IK_ConversionFunctionId: {
    TypeSourceInfo *TInfo;
    QualType Ty = GetTypeFromParser(Name.ConversionFunctionId, &TInfo);
    if (Ty.isNull())
      return DeclarationNameInfo();
    NameInfo.setName(Context.DeclarationNames.getCXXConversionFunctionName(
                                               Context.getCanonicalType(Ty)));
    NameInfo.setLoc(Name.StartLocation);
    NameInfo.setNamedTypeInfo(TInfo);
    return NameInfo;
  }

  case UnqualifiedId::IK_ConstructorName: {
    TypeSourceInfo *TInfo;
    QualType Ty = GetTypeFromParser(Name.ConstructorName, &TInfo);
    if (Ty.isNull())
      return DeclarationNameInfo();
    NameInfo.setName(Context.DeclarationNames.getCXXConstructorName(
                                              Context.getCanonicalType(Ty)));
    NameInfo.setLoc(Name.StartLocation);
    NameInfo.setNamedTypeInfo(TInfo);
    return NameInfo;
  }

  case UnqualifiedId::IK_ConstructorTemplateId: {
    // In well-formed code, we can only have a constructor
    // template-id that refers to the current context, so go there
    // to find the actual type being constructed.
    CXXRecordDecl *CurClass = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(CurContext);
    if (!CurClass || CurClass->getIdentifier() != Name.TemplateId->Name)
      return DeclarationNameInfo();

    // Determine the type of the class being constructed.
    QualType CurClassType = Context.getTypeDeclType(CurClass);

    // FIXME: Check two things: that the template-id names the same type as
    // CurClassType, and that the template-id does not occur when the name
    // was qualified.

    NameInfo.setName(Context.DeclarationNames.getCXXConstructorName(
                                    Context.getCanonicalType(CurClassType)));
    NameInfo.setLoc(Name.StartLocation);
    // FIXME: should we retrieve TypeSourceInfo?
    NameInfo.setNamedTypeInfo(0);
    return NameInfo;
  }

  case UnqualifiedId::IK_DestructorName: {
    TypeSourceInfo *TInfo;
    QualType Ty = GetTypeFromParser(Name.DestructorName, &TInfo);
    if (Ty.isNull())
      return DeclarationNameInfo();
    NameInfo.setName(Context.DeclarationNames.getCXXDestructorName(
                                              Context.getCanonicalType(Ty)));
    NameInfo.setLoc(Name.StartLocation);
    NameInfo.setNamedTypeInfo(TInfo);
    return NameInfo;
  }

  case UnqualifiedId::IK_TemplateId: {
    TemplateName TName = Name.TemplateId->Template.get();
    SourceLocation TNameLoc = Name.TemplateId->TemplateNameLoc;
    return Context.getNameForTemplate(TName, TNameLoc);
  }

  } // switch (Name.getKind())

  assert(false && "Unknown name kind");
  return DeclarationNameInfo();
}

/// isNearlyMatchingFunction - Determine whether the C++ functions
/// Declaration and Definition are "nearly" matching. This heuristic
/// is used to improve diagnostics in the case where an out-of-line
/// function definition doesn't match any declaration within
/// the class or namespace.
static bool isNearlyMatchingFunction(ASTContext &Context,
                                     FunctionDecl *Declaration,
                                     FunctionDecl *Definition) {
  if (Declaration->param_size() != Definition->param_size())
    return false;
  for (unsigned Idx = 0; Idx < Declaration->param_size(); ++Idx) {
    QualType DeclParamTy = Declaration->getParamDecl(Idx)->getType();
    QualType DefParamTy = Definition->getParamDecl(Idx)->getType();

    if (!Context.hasSameUnqualifiedType(DeclParamTy.getNonReferenceType(),
                                        DefParamTy.getNonReferenceType()))
      return false;
  }

  return true;
}

/// NeedsRebuildingInCurrentInstantiation - Checks whether the given
/// declarator needs to be rebuilt in the current instantiation.
/// Any bits of declarator which appear before the name are valid for
/// consideration here.  That's specifically the type in the decl spec
/// and the base type in any member-pointer chunks.
static bool RebuildDeclaratorInCurrentInstantiation(Sema &S, Declarator &D,
                                                    DeclarationName Name) {
  // The types we specifically need to rebuild are:
  //   - typenames, typeofs, and decltypes
  //   - types which will become injected class names
  // Of course, we also need to rebuild any type referencing such a
  // type.  It's safest to just say "dependent", but we call out a
  // few cases here.

  DeclSpec &DS = D.getMutableDeclSpec();
  switch (DS.getTypeSpecType()) {
  case DeclSpec::TST_typename:
  case DeclSpec::TST_typeofType:
  case DeclSpec::TST_decltype: {
    // Grab the type from the parser.
    TypeSourceInfo *TSI = 0;
    QualType T = S.GetTypeFromParser(DS.getRepAsType(), &TSI);
    if (T.isNull() || !T->isDependentType()) break;

    // Make sure there's a type source info.  This isn't really much
    // of a waste; most dependent types should have type source info
    // attached already.
    if (!TSI)
      TSI = S.Context.getTrivialTypeSourceInfo(T, DS.getTypeSpecTypeLoc());

    // Rebuild the type in the current instantiation.
    TSI = S.RebuildTypeInCurrentInstantiation(TSI, D.getIdentifierLoc(), Name);
    if (!TSI) return true;

    // Store the new type back in the decl spec.
    ParsedType LocType = S.CreateParsedType(TSI->getType(), TSI);
    DS.UpdateTypeRep(LocType);
    break;
  }

  case DeclSpec::TST_typeofExpr: {
    Expr *E = DS.getRepAsExpr();
    ExprResult Result = S.RebuildExprInCurrentInstantiation(E);
    if (Result.isInvalid()) return true;
    DS.UpdateExprRep(Result.get());
    break;
  }

  default:
    // Nothing to do for these decl specs.
    break;
  }

  // It doesn't matter what order we do this in.
  for (unsigned I = 0, E = D.getNumTypeObjects(); I != E; ++I) {
    DeclaratorChunk &Chunk = D.getTypeObject(I);

    // The only type information in the declarator which can come
    // before the declaration name is the base type of a member
    // pointer.
    if (Chunk.Kind != DeclaratorChunk::MemberPointer)
      continue;

    // Rebuild the scope specifier in-place.
    CXXScopeSpec &SS = Chunk.Mem.Scope();
    if (S.RebuildNestedNameSpecifierInCurrentInstantiation(SS))
      return true;
  }

  return false;
}

Decl *Sema::ActOnDeclarator(Scope *S, Declarator &D) {
  return HandleDeclarator(S, D, MultiTemplateParamsArg(*this), false);
}

Decl *Sema::HandleDeclarator(Scope *S, Declarator &D,
                             MultiTemplateParamsArg TemplateParamLists,
                             bool IsFunctionDefinition) {
  // TODO: consider using NameInfo for diagnostic.
  DeclarationNameInfo NameInfo = GetNameForDeclarator(D);
  DeclarationName Name = NameInfo.getName();

  // All of these full declarators require an identifier.  If it doesn't have
  // one, the ParsedFreeStandingDeclSpec action should be used.
  if (!Name) {
    if (!D.isInvalidType())  // Reject this if we think it is valid.
      Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getSourceRange().getBegin(),
           diag::err_declarator_need_ident)
        << D.getDeclSpec().getSourceRange() << D.getSourceRange();
    return 0;
  } else if (DiagnoseUnexpandedParameterPack(NameInfo, UPPC_DeclarationType))
    return 0;

  // The scope passed in may not be a decl scope.  Zip up the scope tree until
  // we find one that is.
  while ((S->getFlags() & Scope::DeclScope) == 0 ||
         (S->getFlags() & Scope::TemplateParamScope) != 0)
    S = S->getParent();

  DeclContext *DC = CurContext;
  if (D.getCXXScopeSpec().isInvalid())
    D.setInvalidType();
  else if (D.getCXXScopeSpec().isSet()) {
    if (DiagnoseUnexpandedParameterPack(D.getCXXScopeSpec(), 
                                        UPPC_DeclarationQualifier))
      return 0;

    bool EnteringContext = !D.getDeclSpec().isFriendSpecified();
    DC = computeDeclContext(D.getCXXScopeSpec(), EnteringContext);
    if (!DC) {
      // If we could not compute the declaration context, it's because the
      // declaration context is dependent but does not refer to a class,
      // class template, or class template partial specialization. Complain
      // and return early, to avoid the coming semantic disaster.
      Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(),
           diag::err_template_qualified_declarator_no_match)
        << (NestedNameSpecifier*)D.getCXXScopeSpec().getScopeRep()
        << D.getCXXScopeSpec().getRange();
      return 0;
    }

    bool IsDependentContext = DC->isDependentContext();

    if (!IsDependentContext && 
        RequireCompleteDeclContext(D.getCXXScopeSpec(), DC))
      return 0;

    if (isa<CXXRecordDecl>(DC)) {
      if (!cast<CXXRecordDecl>(DC)->hasDefinition()) {
        Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(),
             diag::err_member_def_undefined_record)
          << Name << DC << D.getCXXScopeSpec().getRange();
        D.setInvalidType();
      } else if (isa<CXXRecordDecl>(CurContext) && 
                 !D.getDeclSpec().isFriendSpecified()) {
        // The user provided a superfluous scope specifier inside a class
        // definition:
        //
        // class X {
        //   void X::f();
        // };
        if (CurContext->Equals(DC))
          Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::warn_member_extra_qualification)
            << Name << FixItHint::CreateRemoval(D.getCXXScopeSpec().getRange());
        else
          Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_member_qualification)
            << Name << D.getCXXScopeSpec().getRange();
        
        // Pretend that this qualifier was not here.
        D.getCXXScopeSpec().clear();
      }
    }

    // Check whether we need to rebuild the type of the given
    // declaration in the current instantiation.
    if (EnteringContext && IsDependentContext &&
        TemplateParamLists.size() != 0) {
      ContextRAII SavedContext(*this, DC);
      if (RebuildDeclaratorInCurrentInstantiation(*this, D, Name))
        D.setInvalidType();
    }
  }
  
  // C++ [class.mem]p13:
  //   If T is the name of a class, then each of the following shall have a 
  //   name different from T:
  //     - every static data member of class T;
  //     - every member function of class T
  //     - every member of class T that is itself a type;
  if (CXXRecordDecl *Record = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(DC)) 
    if (Record->getIdentifier() && Record->getDeclName() == Name) {
      Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_member_name_of_class)
        << Name;
      
      // If this is a typedef, we'll end up spewing multiple diagnostics.
      // Just return early; it's safer.
      if (D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpec() == DeclSpec::SCS_typedef)
        return 0;
    }
  
  NamedDecl *New;

  TypeSourceInfo *TInfo = GetTypeForDeclarator(D, S);
  QualType R = TInfo->getType();

  if (DiagnoseUnexpandedParameterPack(D.getIdentifierLoc(), TInfo,
                                      UPPC_DeclarationType))
    D.setInvalidType();

  LookupResult Previous(*this, NameInfo, LookupOrdinaryName,
                        ForRedeclaration);

  // See if this is a redefinition of a variable in the same scope.
  if (!D.getCXXScopeSpec().isSet()) {
    bool IsLinkageLookup = false;

    // If the declaration we're planning to build will be a function
    // or object with linkage, then look for another declaration with
    // linkage (C99 6.2.2p4-5 and C++ [basic.link]p6).
    if (D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpec() == DeclSpec::SCS_typedef)
      /* Do nothing*/;
    else if (R->isFunctionType()) {
      if (CurContext->isFunctionOrMethod() ||
          D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpec() != DeclSpec::SCS_static)
        IsLinkageLookup = true;
    } else if (D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpec() == DeclSpec::SCS_extern)
      IsLinkageLookup = true;
    else if (CurContext->getRedeclContext()->isTranslationUnit() &&
             D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpec() != DeclSpec::SCS_static)
      IsLinkageLookup = true;

    if (IsLinkageLookup)
      Previous.clear(LookupRedeclarationWithLinkage);

    LookupName(Previous, S, /* CreateBuiltins = */ IsLinkageLookup);
  } else { // Something like "int foo::x;"
    LookupQualifiedName(Previous, DC);

    // Don't consider using declarations as previous declarations for
    // out-of-line members.
    RemoveUsingDecls(Previous);

    // C++ 7.3.1.2p2:
    // Members (including explicit specializations of templates) of a named
    // namespace can also be defined outside that namespace by explicit
    // qualification of the name being defined, provided that the entity being
    // defined was already declared in the namespace and the definition appears
    // after the point of declaration in a namespace that encloses the
    // declarations namespace.
    //
    // Note that we only check the context at this point. We don't yet
    // have enough information to make sure that PrevDecl is actually
    // the declaration we want to match. For example, given:
    //
    //   class X {
    //     void f();
    //     void f(float);
    //   };
    //
    //   void X::f(int) { } // ill-formed
    //
    // In this case, PrevDecl will point to the overload set
    // containing the two f's declared in X, but neither of them
    // matches.

    // First check whether we named the global scope.
    if (isa<TranslationUnitDecl>(DC)) {
      Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_invalid_declarator_global_scope)
        << Name << D.getCXXScopeSpec().getRange();
    } else {
      DeclContext *Cur = CurContext;
      while (isa<LinkageSpecDecl>(Cur))
        Cur = Cur->getParent();
      if (!Cur->Encloses(DC)) {
        // The qualifying scope doesn't enclose the original declaration.
        // Emit diagnostic based on current scope.
        SourceLocation L = D.getIdentifierLoc();
        SourceRange R = D.getCXXScopeSpec().getRange();
        if (isa<FunctionDecl>(Cur))
          Diag(L, diag::err_invalid_declarator_in_function) << Name << R;
        else
          Diag(L, diag::err_invalid_declarator_scope)
            << Name << cast<NamedDecl>(DC) << R;
        D.setInvalidType();
      }
    }
  }

  if (Previous.isSingleResult() &&
      Previous.getFoundDecl()->isTemplateParameter()) {
    // Maybe we will complain about the shadowed template parameter.
    if (!D.isInvalidType())
      if (DiagnoseTemplateParameterShadow(D.getIdentifierLoc(),
                                          Previous.getFoundDecl()))
        D.setInvalidType();

    // Just pretend that we didn't see the previous declaration.
    Previous.clear();
  }

  // In C++, the previous declaration we find might be a tag type
  // (class or enum). In this case, the new declaration will hide the
  // tag type. Note that this does does not apply if we're declaring a
  // typedef (C++ [dcl.typedef]p4).
  if (Previous.isSingleTagDecl() &&
      D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpec() != DeclSpec::SCS_typedef)
    Previous.clear();

  bool Redeclaration = false;
  if (D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpec() == DeclSpec::SCS_typedef) {
    if (TemplateParamLists.size()) {
      Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_template_typedef);
      return 0;
    }

    New = ActOnTypedefDeclarator(S, D, DC, R, TInfo, Previous, Redeclaration);
  } else if (R->isFunctionType()) {
    New = ActOnFunctionDeclarator(S, D, DC, R, TInfo, Previous,
                                  move(TemplateParamLists),
                                  IsFunctionDefinition, Redeclaration);
  } else {
    New = ActOnVariableDeclarator(S, D, DC, R, TInfo, Previous,
                                  move(TemplateParamLists),
                                  Redeclaration);
  }

  if (New == 0)
    return 0;

  // If this has an identifier and is not an invalid redeclaration or 
  // function template specialization, add it to the scope stack.
  if (New->getDeclName() && !(Redeclaration && New->isInvalidDecl()))
    PushOnScopeChains(New, S);

  return New;
}

/// TryToFixInvalidVariablyModifiedType - Helper method to turn variable array
/// types into constant array types in certain situations which would otherwise
/// be errors (for GCC compatibility).
static QualType TryToFixInvalidVariablyModifiedType(QualType T,
                                                    ASTContext &Context,
                                                    bool &SizeIsNegative,
                                                    llvm::APSInt &Oversized) {
  // This method tries to turn a variable array into a constant
  // array even when the size isn't an ICE.  This is necessary
  // for compatibility with code that depends on gcc's buggy
  // constant expression folding, like struct {char x[(int)(char*)2];}
  SizeIsNegative = false;
  Oversized = 0;
  
  if (T->isDependentType())
    return QualType();
  
  QualifierCollector Qs;
  const Type *Ty = Qs.strip(T);

  if (const PointerType* PTy = dyn_cast<PointerType>(Ty)) {
    QualType Pointee = PTy->getPointeeType();
    QualType FixedType =
        TryToFixInvalidVariablyModifiedType(Pointee, Context, SizeIsNegative,
                                            Oversized);
    if (FixedType.isNull()) return FixedType;
    FixedType = Context.getPointerType(FixedType);
    return Qs.apply(Context, FixedType);
  }
  if (const ParenType* PTy = dyn_cast<ParenType>(Ty)) {
    QualType Inner = PTy->getInnerType();
    QualType FixedType =
        TryToFixInvalidVariablyModifiedType(Inner, Context, SizeIsNegative,
                                            Oversized);
    if (FixedType.isNull()) return FixedType;
    FixedType = Context.getParenType(FixedType);
    return Qs.apply(Context, FixedType);
  }

  const VariableArrayType* VLATy = dyn_cast<VariableArrayType>(T);
  if (!VLATy)
    return QualType();
  // FIXME: We should probably handle this case
  if (VLATy->getElementType()->isVariablyModifiedType())
    return QualType();

  Expr::EvalResult EvalResult;
  if (!VLATy->getSizeExpr() ||
      !VLATy->getSizeExpr()->Evaluate(EvalResult, Context) ||
      !EvalResult.Val.isInt())
    return QualType();

  // Check whether the array size is negative.
  llvm::APSInt &Res = EvalResult.Val.getInt();
  if (Res.isSigned() && Res.isNegative()) {
    SizeIsNegative = true;
    return QualType();
  }

  // Check whether the array is too large to be addressed.
  unsigned ActiveSizeBits
    = ConstantArrayType::getNumAddressingBits(Context, VLATy->getElementType(),
                                              Res);
  if (ActiveSizeBits > ConstantArrayType::getMaxSizeBits(Context)) {
    Oversized = Res;
    return QualType();
  }
  
  return Context.getConstantArrayType(VLATy->getElementType(),
                                      Res, ArrayType::Normal, 0);
}

/// \brief Register the given locally-scoped external C declaration so
/// that it can be found later for redeclarations
void
Sema::RegisterLocallyScopedExternCDecl(NamedDecl *ND,
                                       const LookupResult &Previous,
                                       Scope *S) {
  assert(ND->getLexicalDeclContext()->isFunctionOrMethod() &&
         "Decl is not a locally-scoped decl!");
  // Note that we have a locally-scoped external with this name.
  LocallyScopedExternalDecls[ND->getDeclName()] = ND;

  if (!Previous.isSingleResult())
    return;

  NamedDecl *PrevDecl = Previous.getFoundDecl();

  // If there was a previous declaration of this variable, it may be
  // in our identifier chain. Update the identifier chain with the new
  // declaration.
  if (S && IdResolver.ReplaceDecl(PrevDecl, ND)) {
    // The previous declaration was found on the identifer resolver
    // chain, so remove it from its scope.
    while (S && !S->isDeclScope(PrevDecl))
      S = S->getParent();

    if (S)
      S->RemoveDecl(PrevDecl);
  }
}

/// \brief Diagnose function specifiers on a declaration of an identifier that
/// does not identify a function.
void Sema::DiagnoseFunctionSpecifiers(Declarator& D) {
  // FIXME: We should probably indicate the identifier in question to avoid
  // confusion for constructs like "inline int a(), b;"
  if (D.getDeclSpec().isInlineSpecified())
    Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getInlineSpecLoc(),
         diag::err_inline_non_function);

  if (D.getDeclSpec().isVirtualSpecified())
    Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getVirtualSpecLoc(),
         diag::err_virtual_non_function);

  if (D.getDeclSpec().isExplicitSpecified())
    Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getExplicitSpecLoc(),
         diag::err_explicit_non_function);
}

NamedDecl*
Sema::ActOnTypedefDeclarator(Scope* S, Declarator& D, DeclContext* DC,
                             QualType R,  TypeSourceInfo *TInfo,
                             LookupResult &Previous, bool &Redeclaration) {
  // Typedef declarators cannot be qualified (C++ [dcl.meaning]p1).
  if (D.getCXXScopeSpec().isSet()) {
    Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_qualified_typedef_declarator)
      << D.getCXXScopeSpec().getRange();
    D.setInvalidType();
    // Pretend we didn't see the scope specifier.
    DC = CurContext;
    Previous.clear();
  }

  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    // Check that there are no default arguments (C++ only).
    CheckExtraCXXDefaultArguments(D);
  }

  DiagnoseFunctionSpecifiers(D);

  if (D.getDeclSpec().isThreadSpecified())
    Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getThreadSpecLoc(), diag::err_invalid_thread);

  if (D.getName().Kind != UnqualifiedId::IK_Identifier) {
    Diag(D.getName().StartLocation, diag::err_typedef_not_identifier)
      << D.getName().getSourceRange();
    return 0;
  }

  TypedefDecl *NewTD = ParseTypedefDecl(S, D, R, TInfo);
  if (!NewTD) return 0;

  // Handle attributes prior to checking for duplicates in MergeVarDecl
  ProcessDeclAttributes(S, NewTD, D);

  // C99 6.7.7p2: If a typedef name specifies a variably modified type
  // then it shall have block scope.
  // Note that variably modified types must be fixed before merging the decl so
  // that redeclarations will match.
  QualType T = NewTD->getUnderlyingType();
  if (T->isVariablyModifiedType()) {
    getCurFunction()->setHasBranchProtectedScope();

    if (S->getFnParent() == 0) {
      bool SizeIsNegative;
      llvm::APSInt Oversized;
      QualType FixedTy =
          TryToFixInvalidVariablyModifiedType(T, Context, SizeIsNegative,
                                              Oversized);
      if (!FixedTy.isNull()) {
        Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::warn_illegal_constant_array_size);
        NewTD->setTypeSourceInfo(Context.getTrivialTypeSourceInfo(FixedTy));
      } else {
        if (SizeIsNegative)
          Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_typecheck_negative_array_size);
        else if (T->isVariableArrayType())
          Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_vla_decl_in_file_scope);
        else if (Oversized.getBoolValue())
          Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_array_too_large)
            << Oversized.toString(10);
        else
          Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_vm_decl_in_file_scope);
        NewTD->setInvalidDecl();
      }
    }
  }

  // Merge the decl with the existing one if appropriate. If the decl is
  // in an outer scope, it isn't the same thing.
  FilterLookupForScope(*this, Previous, DC, S, /*ConsiderLinkage*/ false);
  if (!Previous.empty()) {
    Redeclaration = true;
    MergeTypeDefDecl(NewTD, Previous);
  }

  // If this is the C FILE type, notify the AST context.
  if (IdentifierInfo *II = NewTD->getIdentifier())
    if (!NewTD->isInvalidDecl() &&
        NewTD->getDeclContext()->getRedeclContext()->isTranslationUnit()) {
      if (II->isStr("FILE"))
        Context.setFILEDecl(NewTD);
      else if (II->isStr("jmp_buf"))
        Context.setjmp_bufDecl(NewTD);
      else if (II->isStr("sigjmp_buf"))
        Context.setsigjmp_bufDecl(NewTD);
      else if (II->isStr("__builtin_va_list"))
        Context.setBuiltinVaListType(Context.getTypedefType(NewTD));
    }

  return NewTD;
}

/// \brief Determines whether the given declaration is an out-of-scope
/// previous declaration.
///
/// This routine should be invoked when name lookup has found a
/// previous declaration (PrevDecl) that is not in the scope where a
/// new declaration by the same name is being introduced. If the new
/// declaration occurs in a local scope, previous declarations with
/// linkage may still be considered previous declarations (C99
/// 6.2.2p4-5, C++ [basic.link]p6).
///
/// \param PrevDecl the previous declaration found by name
/// lookup
///
/// \param DC the context in which the new declaration is being
/// declared.
///
/// \returns true if PrevDecl is an out-of-scope previous declaration
/// for a new delcaration with the same name.
static bool
isOutOfScopePreviousDeclaration(NamedDecl *PrevDecl, DeclContext *DC,
                                ASTContext &Context) {
  if (!PrevDecl)
    return false;

  if (!PrevDecl->hasLinkage())
    return false;

  if (Context.getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    // C++ [basic.link]p6:
    //   If there is a visible declaration of an entity with linkage
    //   having the same name and type, ignoring entities declared
    //   outside the innermost enclosing namespace scope, the block
    //   scope declaration declares that same entity and receives the
    //   linkage of the previous declaration.
    DeclContext *OuterContext = DC->getRedeclContext();
    if (!OuterContext->isFunctionOrMethod())
      // This rule only applies to block-scope declarations.
      return false;
    
    DeclContext *PrevOuterContext = PrevDecl->getDeclContext();
    if (PrevOuterContext->isRecord())
      // We found a member function: ignore it.
      return false;
    
    // Find the innermost enclosing namespace for the new and
    // previous declarations.
    OuterContext = OuterContext->getEnclosingNamespaceContext();
    PrevOuterContext = PrevOuterContext->getEnclosingNamespaceContext();

    // The previous declaration is in a different namespace, so it
    // isn't the same function.
    if (!OuterContext->Equals(PrevOuterContext))
      return false;
  }

  return true;
}

static void SetNestedNameSpecifier(DeclaratorDecl *DD, Declarator &D) {
  CXXScopeSpec &SS = D.getCXXScopeSpec();
  if (!SS.isSet()) return;
  DD->setQualifierInfo(SS.getWithLocInContext(DD->getASTContext()));
}

NamedDecl*
Sema::ActOnVariableDeclarator(Scope *S, Declarator &D, DeclContext *DC,
                              QualType R, TypeSourceInfo *TInfo,
                              LookupResult &Previous,
                              MultiTemplateParamsArg TemplateParamLists,
                              bool &Redeclaration) {
  DeclarationName Name = GetNameForDeclarator(D).getName();

  // Check that there are no default arguments (C++ only).
  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
    CheckExtraCXXDefaultArguments(D);

  DeclSpec::SCS SCSpec = D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpec();
  assert(SCSpec != DeclSpec::SCS_typedef &&
         "Parser allowed 'typedef' as storage class VarDecl.");
  VarDecl::StorageClass SC = StorageClassSpecToVarDeclStorageClass(SCSpec);
  if (SCSpec == DeclSpec::SCS_mutable) {
    // mutable can only appear on non-static class members, so it's always
    // an error here
    Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_mutable_nonmember);
    D.setInvalidType();
    SC = SC_None;
  }
  SCSpec = D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpecAsWritten();
  VarDecl::StorageClass SCAsWritten
    = StorageClassSpecToVarDeclStorageClass(SCSpec);

  IdentifierInfo *II = Name.getAsIdentifierInfo();
  if (!II) {
    Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_bad_variable_name)
      << Name.getAsString();
    return 0;
  }

  DiagnoseFunctionSpecifiers(D);

  if (!DC->isRecord() && S->getFnParent() == 0) {
    // C99 6.9p2: The storage-class specifiers auto and register shall not
    // appear in the declaration specifiers in an external declaration.
    if (SC == SC_Auto || SC == SC_Register) {

      // If this is a register variable with an asm label specified, then this
      // is a GNU extension.
      if (SC == SC_Register && D.getAsmLabel())
        Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_unsupported_global_register);
      else
        Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_typecheck_sclass_fscope);
      D.setInvalidType();
    }
  }
  
  bool isExplicitSpecialization = false;
  VarDecl *NewVD;
  if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
      NewVD = VarDecl::Create(Context, DC, D.getIdentifierLoc(),
                              II, R, TInfo, SC, SCAsWritten);
  
    if (D.isInvalidType())
      NewVD->setInvalidDecl();
  } else {
    if (DC->isRecord() && !CurContext->isRecord()) {
      // This is an out-of-line definition of a static data member.
      if (SC == SC_Static) {
        Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpecLoc(),
             diag::err_static_out_of_line)
          << FixItHint::CreateRemoval(D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpecLoc());
      } else if (SC == SC_None)
        SC = SC_Static;
    }
    if (SC == SC_Static) {
      if (const CXXRecordDecl *RD = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(DC)) {
        if (RD->isLocalClass())
          Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(),
               diag::err_static_data_member_not_allowed_in_local_class)
            << Name << RD->getDeclName();

        // C++ [class.union]p1: If a union contains a static data member,
        // the program is ill-formed.
        //
        // We also disallow static data members in anonymous structs.
        if (CurContext->isRecord() && (RD->isUnion() || !RD->getDeclName()))
          Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(),
               diag::err_static_data_member_not_allowed_in_union_or_anon_struct)
            << Name << RD->isUnion();
      }
    }

    // Match up the template parameter lists with the scope specifier, then
    // determine whether we have a template or a template specialization.
    isExplicitSpecialization = false;
    unsigned NumMatchedTemplateParamLists = TemplateParamLists.size();
    bool Invalid = false;
    if (TemplateParameterList *TemplateParams
        = MatchTemplateParametersToScopeSpecifier(
                                                  D.getDeclSpec().getSourceRange().getBegin(),
                                                  D.getCXXScopeSpec(),
                                                  TemplateParamLists.get(),
                                                  TemplateParamLists.size(),
                                                  /*never a friend*/ false,
                                                  isExplicitSpecialization,
                                                  Invalid)) {
      // All but one template parameter lists have been matching.
      --NumMatchedTemplateParamLists;

      if (TemplateParams->size() > 0) {
        // There is no such thing as a variable template.
        Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_template_variable)
          << II
          << SourceRange(TemplateParams->getTemplateLoc(),
                         TemplateParams->getRAngleLoc());
        return 0;
      } else {
        // There is an extraneous 'template<>' for this variable. Complain
        // about it, but allow the declaration of the variable.
        Diag(TemplateParams->getTemplateLoc(),
             diag::err_template_variable_noparams)
          << II
          << SourceRange(TemplateParams->getTemplateLoc(),
                         TemplateParams->getRAngleLoc());
      
        isExplicitSpecialization = true;
      }
    }

    NewVD = VarDecl::Create(Context, DC, D.getIdentifierLoc(),
                            II, R, TInfo, SC, SCAsWritten);

    // If this decl has an auto type in need of deduction, make a note of the
    // Decl so we can diagnose uses of it in its own initializer.
    if (D.getDeclSpec().getTypeSpecType() == DeclSpec::TST_auto &&
        R->getContainedAutoType())
      ParsingInitForAutoVars.insert(NewVD);

    if (D.isInvalidType() || Invalid)
      NewVD->setInvalidDecl();

    SetNestedNameSpecifier(NewVD, D);

    if (NumMatchedTemplateParamLists > 0 && D.getCXXScopeSpec().isSet()) {
      NewVD->setTemplateParameterListsInfo(Context,
                                           NumMatchedTemplateParamLists,
                                           TemplateParamLists.release());
    }
  }

  if (D.getDeclSpec().isThreadSpecified()) {
    if (NewVD->hasLocalStorage())
      Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getThreadSpecLoc(), diag::err_thread_non_global);
    else if (!Context.Target.isTLSSupported())
      Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getThreadSpecLoc(), diag::err_thread_unsupported);
    else
      NewVD->setThreadSpecified(true);
  }

  // Set the lexical context. If the declarator has a C++ scope specifier, the
  // lexical context will be different from the semantic context.
  NewVD->setLexicalDeclContext(CurContext);

  // Handle attributes prior to checking for duplicates in MergeVarDecl
  ProcessDeclAttributes(S, NewVD, D);

  // Handle GNU asm-label extension (encoded as an attribute).
  if (Expr *E = (Expr*)D.getAsmLabel()) {
    // The parser guarantees this is a string.
    StringLiteral *SE = cast<StringLiteral>(E);
    llvm::StringRef Label = SE->getString();
    if (S->getFnParent() != 0) {
      switch (SC) {
      case SC_None:
      case SC_Auto:
        Diag(E->getExprLoc(), diag::warn_asm_label_on_auto_decl) << Label;
        break;
      case SC_Register:
        if (!Context.Target.isValidGCCRegisterName(Label))
          Diag(E->getExprLoc(), diag::err_asm_unknown_register_name) << Label;
        break;
      case SC_Static:
      case SC_Extern:
      case SC_PrivateExtern:
        break;
      }
    }

    NewVD->addAttr(::new (Context) AsmLabelAttr(SE->getStrTokenLoc(0),
                                                Context, Label));
  }

  // Diagnose shadowed variables before filtering for scope.
  if (!D.getCXXScopeSpec().isSet())
    CheckShadow(S, NewVD, Previous);

  // Don't consider existing declarations that are in a different
  // scope and are out-of-semantic-context declarations (if the new
  // declaration has linkage).
  FilterLookupForScope(*this, Previous, DC, S, NewVD->hasLinkage());
  
  if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
    CheckVariableDeclaration(NewVD, Previous, Redeclaration);
  else {
    // Merge the decl with the existing one if appropriate.
    if (!Previous.empty()) {
      if (Previous.isSingleResult() &&
          isa<FieldDecl>(Previous.getFoundDecl()) &&
          D.getCXXScopeSpec().isSet()) {
        // The user tried to define a non-static data member
        // out-of-line (C++ [dcl.meaning]p1).
        Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::err_nonstatic_member_out_of_line)
          << D.getCXXScopeSpec().getRange();
        Previous.clear();
        NewVD->setInvalidDecl();
      }
    } else if (D.getCXXScopeSpec().isSet()) {
      // No previous declaration in the qualifying scope.
      Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_no_member)
        << Name << computeDeclContext(D.getCXXScopeSpec(), true)
        << D.getCXXScopeSpec().getRange();
      NewVD->setInvalidDecl();
    }

    CheckVariableDeclaration(NewVD, Previous, Redeclaration);

    // This is an explicit specialization of a static data member. Check it.
    if (isExplicitSpecialization && !NewVD->isInvalidDecl() &&
        CheckMemberSpecialization(NewVD, Previous))
      NewVD->setInvalidDecl();
  }
  
  // attributes declared post-definition are currently ignored
  // FIXME: This should be handled in attribute merging, not
  // here.
  if (Previous.isSingleResult()) {
    VarDecl *Def = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(Previous.getFoundDecl());
    if (Def && (Def = Def->getDefinition()) &&
        Def != NewVD && D.hasAttributes()) {
      Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::warn_attribute_precede_definition);
      Diag(Def->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    }
  }

  // If this is a locally-scoped extern C variable, update the map of
  // such variables.
  if (CurContext->isFunctionOrMethod() && NewVD->isExternC() &&
      !NewVD->isInvalidDecl())
    RegisterLocallyScopedExternCDecl(NewVD, Previous, S);

  // If there's a #pragma GCC visibility in scope, and this isn't a class
  // member, set the visibility of this variable.
  if (NewVD->getLinkage() == ExternalLinkage && !DC->isRecord())
    AddPushedVisibilityAttribute(NewVD);
  
  MarkUnusedFileScopedDecl(NewVD);

  return NewVD;
}

/// \brief Diagnose variable or built-in function shadowing.  Implements
/// -Wshadow.
///
/// This method is called whenever a VarDecl is added to a "useful"
/// scope.
///
/// \param S the scope in which the shadowing name is being declared
/// \param R the lookup of the name
///
void Sema::CheckShadow(Scope *S, VarDecl *D, const LookupResult& R) {
  // Return if warning is ignored.
  if (Diags.getDiagnosticLevel(diag::warn_decl_shadow, R.getNameLoc()) ==
        Diagnostic::Ignored)
    return;

  // Don't diagnose declarations at file scope.
  DeclContext *NewDC = D->getDeclContext();
  if (NewDC->isFileContext())
    return;
  
  // Only diagnose if we're shadowing an unambiguous field or variable.
  if (R.getResultKind() != LookupResult::Found)
    return;

  NamedDecl* ShadowedDecl = R.getFoundDecl();
  if (!isa<VarDecl>(ShadowedDecl) && !isa<FieldDecl>(ShadowedDecl))
    return;

  // Fields are not shadowed by variables in C++ static methods.
  if (isa<FieldDecl>(ShadowedDecl))
    if (CXXMethodDecl *MD = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(NewDC))
      if (MD->isStatic())
        return;

  if (VarDecl *shadowedVar = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(ShadowedDecl))
    if (shadowedVar->isExternC()) {
      // Don't warn for this case:
      //
      // @code
      // extern int bob;
      // void f() {
      //   extern int bob;
      // }
      // @endcode
      if (D->isExternC())
        return;

      // For shadowing external vars, make sure that we point to the global
      // declaration, not a locally scoped extern declaration.
      for (VarDecl::redecl_iterator
             I = shadowedVar->redecls_begin(), E = shadowedVar->redecls_end();
           I != E; ++I)
        if (I->isFileVarDecl()) {
          ShadowedDecl = *I;
          break;
        }
    }

  DeclContext *OldDC = ShadowedDecl->getDeclContext();

  // Only warn about certain kinds of shadowing for class members.
  if (NewDC && NewDC->isRecord()) {
    // In particular, don't warn about shadowing non-class members.
    if (!OldDC->isRecord())
      return;

    // TODO: should we warn about static data members shadowing
    // static data members from base classes?
    
    // TODO: don't diagnose for inaccessible shadowed members.
    // This is hard to do perfectly because we might friend the
    // shadowing context, but that's just a false negative.
  }

  // Determine what kind of declaration we're shadowing.
  unsigned Kind;
  if (isa<RecordDecl>(OldDC)) {
    if (isa<FieldDecl>(ShadowedDecl))
      Kind = 3; // field
    else
      Kind = 2; // static data member
  } else if (OldDC->isFileContext())
    Kind = 1; // global
  else
    Kind = 0; // local

  DeclarationName Name = R.getLookupName();

  // Emit warning and note.
  Diag(R.getNameLoc(), diag::warn_decl_shadow) << Name << Kind << OldDC;
  Diag(ShadowedDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_declaration);
}

/// \brief Check -Wshadow without the advantage of a previous lookup.
void Sema::CheckShadow(Scope *S, VarDecl *D) {
  if (Diags.getDiagnosticLevel(diag::warn_decl_shadow, D->getLocation()) ==
        Diagnostic::Ignored)
    return;

  LookupResult R(*this, D->getDeclName(), D->getLocation(),
                 Sema::LookupOrdinaryName, Sema::ForRedeclaration);
  LookupName(R, S);
  CheckShadow(S, D, R);
}

/// \brief Perform semantic checking on a newly-created variable
/// declaration.
///
/// This routine performs all of the type-checking required for a
/// variable declaration once it has been built. It is used both to
/// check variables after they have been parsed and their declarators
/// have been translated into a declaration, and to check variables
/// that have been instantiated from a template.
///
/// Sets NewVD->isInvalidDecl() if an error was encountered.
void Sema::CheckVariableDeclaration(VarDecl *NewVD,
                                    LookupResult &Previous,
                                    bool &Redeclaration) {
  // If the decl is already known invalid, don't check it.
  if (NewVD->isInvalidDecl())
    return;

  QualType T = NewVD->getType();

  if (T->isObjCObjectType()) {
    Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::err_statically_allocated_object);
    return NewVD->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  // Emit an error if an address space was applied to decl with local storage.
  // This includes arrays of objects with address space qualifiers, but not
  // automatic variables that point to other address spaces.
  // ISO/IEC TR 18037 S5.1.2
  if (NewVD->hasLocalStorage() && T.getAddressSpace() != 0) {
    Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::err_as_qualified_auto_decl);
    return NewVD->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  if (NewVD->hasLocalStorage() && T.isObjCGCWeak()
      && !NewVD->hasAttr<BlocksAttr>())
    Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::warn_attribute_weak_on_local);
  
  bool isVM = T->isVariablyModifiedType();
  if (isVM || NewVD->hasAttr<CleanupAttr>() ||
      NewVD->hasAttr<BlocksAttr>())
    getCurFunction()->setHasBranchProtectedScope();

  if ((isVM && NewVD->hasLinkage()) ||
      (T->isVariableArrayType() && NewVD->hasGlobalStorage())) {
    bool SizeIsNegative;
    llvm::APSInt Oversized;
    QualType FixedTy =
        TryToFixInvalidVariablyModifiedType(T, Context, SizeIsNegative,
                                            Oversized);

    if (FixedTy.isNull() && T->isVariableArrayType()) {
      const VariableArrayType *VAT = Context.getAsVariableArrayType(T);
      // FIXME: This won't give the correct result for
      // int a[10][n];
      SourceRange SizeRange = VAT->getSizeExpr()->getSourceRange();

      if (NewVD->isFileVarDecl())
        Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::err_vla_decl_in_file_scope)
        << SizeRange;
      else if (NewVD->getStorageClass() == SC_Static)
        Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::err_vla_decl_has_static_storage)
        << SizeRange;
      else
        Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::err_vla_decl_has_extern_linkage)
        << SizeRange;
      return NewVD->setInvalidDecl();
    }

    if (FixedTy.isNull()) {
      if (NewVD->isFileVarDecl())
        Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::err_vm_decl_in_file_scope);
      else
        Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::err_vm_decl_has_extern_linkage);
      return NewVD->setInvalidDecl();
    }

    Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::warn_illegal_constant_array_size);
    NewVD->setType(FixedTy);
  }

  if (Previous.empty() && NewVD->isExternC()) {
    // Since we did not find anything by this name and we're declaring
    // an extern "C" variable, look for a non-visible extern "C"
    // declaration with the same name.
    llvm::DenseMap<DeclarationName, NamedDecl *>::iterator Pos
      = LocallyScopedExternalDecls.find(NewVD->getDeclName());
    if (Pos != LocallyScopedExternalDecls.end())
      Previous.addDecl(Pos->second);
  }

  if (T->isVoidType() && !NewVD->hasExternalStorage()) {
    Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::err_typecheck_decl_incomplete_type)
      << T;
    return NewVD->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  if (!NewVD->hasLocalStorage() && NewVD->hasAttr<BlocksAttr>()) {
    Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::err_block_on_nonlocal);
    return NewVD->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  if (isVM && NewVD->hasAttr<BlocksAttr>()) {
    Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::err_block_on_vm);
    return NewVD->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  // Function pointers and references cannot have qualified function type, only
  // function pointer-to-members can do that.
  QualType Pointee;
  unsigned PtrOrRef = 0;
  if (const PointerType *Ptr = T->getAs<PointerType>())
    Pointee = Ptr->getPointeeType();
  else if (const ReferenceType *Ref = T->getAs<ReferenceType>()) {
    Pointee = Ref->getPointeeType();
    PtrOrRef = 1;
  }
  if (!Pointee.isNull() && Pointee->isFunctionProtoType() &&
      Pointee->getAs<FunctionProtoType>()->getTypeQuals() != 0) {
    Diag(NewVD->getLocation(), diag::err_invalid_qualified_function_pointer)
        << PtrOrRef;
    return NewVD->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  if (!Previous.empty()) {
    Redeclaration = true;
    MergeVarDecl(NewVD, Previous);
  }
}

/// \brief Data used with FindOverriddenMethod
struct FindOverriddenMethodData {
  Sema *S;
  CXXMethodDecl *Method;
};

/// \brief Member lookup function that determines whether a given C++
/// method overrides a method in a base class, to be used with
/// CXXRecordDecl::lookupInBases().
static bool FindOverriddenMethod(const CXXBaseSpecifier *Specifier,
                                 CXXBasePath &Path,
                                 void *UserData) {
  RecordDecl *BaseRecord = Specifier->getType()->getAs<RecordType>()->getDecl();

  FindOverriddenMethodData *Data 
    = reinterpret_cast<FindOverriddenMethodData*>(UserData);
  
  DeclarationName Name = Data->Method->getDeclName();
  
  // FIXME: Do we care about other names here too?
  if (Name.getNameKind() == DeclarationName::CXXDestructorName) {
    // We really want to find the base class destructor here.
    QualType T = Data->S->Context.getTypeDeclType(BaseRecord);
    CanQualType CT = Data->S->Context.getCanonicalType(T);
    
    Name = Data->S->Context.DeclarationNames.getCXXDestructorName(CT);
  }    
  
  for (Path.Decls = BaseRecord->lookup(Name);
       Path.Decls.first != Path.Decls.second;
       ++Path.Decls.first) {
    NamedDecl *D = *Path.Decls.first;
    if (CXXMethodDecl *MD = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(D)) {
      if (MD->isVirtual() && !Data->S->IsOverload(Data->Method, MD, false))
        return true;
    }
  }
  
  return false;
}

/// AddOverriddenMethods - See if a method overrides any in the base classes,
/// and if so, check that it's a valid override and remember it.
bool Sema::AddOverriddenMethods(CXXRecordDecl *DC, CXXMethodDecl *MD) {
  // Look for virtual methods in base classes that this method might override.
  CXXBasePaths Paths;
  FindOverriddenMethodData Data;
  Data.Method = MD;
  Data.S = this;
  bool AddedAny = false;
  if (DC->lookupInBases(&FindOverriddenMethod, &Data, Paths)) {
    for (CXXBasePaths::decl_iterator I = Paths.found_decls_begin(),
         E = Paths.found_decls_end(); I != E; ++I) {
      if (CXXMethodDecl *OldMD = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(*I)) {
        if (!CheckOverridingFunctionReturnType(MD, OldMD) &&
            !CheckOverridingFunctionExceptionSpec(MD, OldMD) &&
            !CheckIfOverriddenFunctionIsMarkedFinal(MD, OldMD)) {
          MD->addOverriddenMethod(OldMD->getCanonicalDecl());
          AddedAny = true;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  
  return AddedAny;
}

static void DiagnoseInvalidRedeclaration(Sema &S, FunctionDecl *NewFD) {
  LookupResult Prev(S, NewFD->getDeclName(), NewFD->getLocation(),
                    Sema::LookupOrdinaryName, Sema::ForRedeclaration);
  S.LookupQualifiedName(Prev, NewFD->getDeclContext());
  assert(!Prev.isAmbiguous() &&
         "Cannot have an ambiguity in previous-declaration lookup");
  for (LookupResult::iterator Func = Prev.begin(), FuncEnd = Prev.end();
       Func != FuncEnd; ++Func) {
    if (isa<FunctionDecl>(*Func) &&
        isNearlyMatchingFunction(S.Context, cast<FunctionDecl>(*Func), NewFD))
      S.Diag((*Func)->getLocation(), diag::note_member_def_close_match);
  }
}

NamedDecl*
Sema::ActOnFunctionDeclarator(Scope* S, Declarator& D, DeclContext* DC,
                              QualType R, TypeSourceInfo *TInfo,
                              LookupResult &Previous,
                              MultiTemplateParamsArg TemplateParamLists,
                              bool IsFunctionDefinition, bool &Redeclaration) {
  assert(R.getTypePtr()->isFunctionType());

  // TODO: consider using NameInfo for diagnostic.
  DeclarationNameInfo NameInfo = GetNameForDeclarator(D);
  DeclarationName Name = NameInfo.getName();
  FunctionDecl::StorageClass SC = SC_None;
  switch (D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpec()) {
  default: assert(0 && "Unknown storage class!");
  case DeclSpec::SCS_auto:
  case DeclSpec::SCS_register:
  case DeclSpec::SCS_mutable:
    Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpecLoc(),
         diag::err_typecheck_sclass_func);
    D.setInvalidType();
    break;
  case DeclSpec::SCS_unspecified: SC = SC_None; break;
  case DeclSpec::SCS_extern:      SC = SC_Extern; break;
  case DeclSpec::SCS_static: {
    if (CurContext->getRedeclContext()->isFunctionOrMethod()) {
      // C99 6.7.1p5:
      //   The declaration of an identifier for a function that has
      //   block scope shall have no explicit storage-class specifier
      //   other than extern
      // See also (C++ [dcl.stc]p4).
      Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpecLoc(),
           diag::err_static_block_func);
      SC = SC_None;
    } else
      SC = SC_Static;
    break;
  }
  case DeclSpec::SCS_private_extern: SC = SC_PrivateExtern; break;
  }

  if (D.getDeclSpec().isThreadSpecified())
    Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getThreadSpecLoc(), diag::err_invalid_thread);

  // Do not allow returning a objc interface by-value.
  if (R->getAs<FunctionType>()->getResultType()->isObjCObjectType()) {
    Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(),
         diag::err_object_cannot_be_passed_returned_by_value) << 0
    << R->getAs<FunctionType>()->getResultType();
    D.setInvalidType();
  }
  
  FunctionDecl *NewFD;
  bool isInline = D.getDeclSpec().isInlineSpecified();
  bool isFriend = false;
  DeclSpec::SCS SCSpec = D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpecAsWritten();
  FunctionDecl::StorageClass SCAsWritten
    = StorageClassSpecToFunctionDeclStorageClass(SCSpec);
  FunctionTemplateDecl *FunctionTemplate = 0;
  bool isExplicitSpecialization = false;
  bool isFunctionTemplateSpecialization = false;
  unsigned NumMatchedTemplateParamLists = 0;
  
  if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    // Determine whether the function was written with a
    // prototype. This true when:
    //   - there is a prototype in the declarator, or
    //   - the type R of the function is some kind of typedef or other reference
    //     to a type name (which eventually refers to a function type).
    bool HasPrototype =
    (D.isFunctionDeclarator() && D.getFunctionTypeInfo().hasPrototype) ||
    (!isa<FunctionType>(R.getTypePtr()) && R->isFunctionProtoType());
  
    NewFD = FunctionDecl::Create(Context, DC,
                                 NameInfo, R, TInfo, SC, SCAsWritten, isInline,
                                 HasPrototype);
    if (D.isInvalidType())
      NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
    
    // Set the lexical context.
    NewFD->setLexicalDeclContext(CurContext);
    // Filter out previous declarations that don't match the scope.
    FilterLookupForScope(*this, Previous, DC, S, NewFD->hasLinkage());
  } else {
    isFriend = D.getDeclSpec().isFriendSpecified();
    bool isVirtual = D.getDeclSpec().isVirtualSpecified();
    bool isExplicit = D.getDeclSpec().isExplicitSpecified();
    bool isVirtualOkay = false;

    // Check that the return type is not an abstract class type.
    // For record types, this is done by the AbstractClassUsageDiagnoser once
    // the class has been completely parsed.
    if (!DC->isRecord() &&
      RequireNonAbstractType(D.getIdentifierLoc(),
                             R->getAs<FunctionType>()->getResultType(),
                             diag::err_abstract_type_in_decl,
                             AbstractReturnType))
      D.setInvalidType();


    if (isFriend) {
      // C++ [class.friend]p5
      //   A function can be defined in a friend declaration of a
      //   class . . . . Such a function is implicitly inline.
      isInline |= IsFunctionDefinition;
    }

    if (Name.getNameKind() == DeclarationName::CXXConstructorName) {
      // This is a C++ constructor declaration.
      assert(DC->isRecord() &&
             "Constructors can only be declared in a member context");

      R = CheckConstructorDeclarator(D, R, SC);

      // Create the new declaration
      NewFD = CXXConstructorDecl::Create(Context,
                                         cast<CXXRecordDecl>(DC),
                                         NameInfo, R, TInfo,
                                         isExplicit, isInline,
                                         /*isImplicitlyDeclared=*/false);
    } else if (Name.getNameKind() == DeclarationName::CXXDestructorName) {
      // This is a C++ destructor declaration.
      if (DC->isRecord()) {
        R = CheckDestructorDeclarator(D, R, SC);

        NewFD = CXXDestructorDecl::Create(Context,
                                          cast<CXXRecordDecl>(DC),
                                          NameInfo, R, TInfo,
                                          isInline,
                                          /*isImplicitlyDeclared=*/false);
        isVirtualOkay = true;
      } else {
        Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_destructor_not_member);

        // Create a FunctionDecl to satisfy the function definition parsing
        // code path.
        NewFD = FunctionDecl::Create(Context, DC, D.getIdentifierLoc(),
                                     Name, R, TInfo, SC, SCAsWritten, isInline,
                                     /*hasPrototype=*/true);
        D.setInvalidType();
      }
    } else if (Name.getNameKind() == DeclarationName::CXXConversionFunctionName) {
      if (!DC->isRecord()) {
        Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(),
             diag::err_conv_function_not_member);
        return 0;
      }

      CheckConversionDeclarator(D, R, SC);
      NewFD = CXXConversionDecl::Create(Context, cast<CXXRecordDecl>(DC),
                                        NameInfo, R, TInfo,
                                        isInline, isExplicit);

      isVirtualOkay = true;
    } else if (DC->isRecord()) {
      // If the of the function is the same as the name of the record, then this
      // must be an invalid constructor that has a return type.
      // (The parser checks for a return type and makes the declarator a
      // constructor if it has no return type).
      // must have an invalid constructor that has a return type
      if (Name.getAsIdentifierInfo() &&
          Name.getAsIdentifierInfo() == cast<CXXRecordDecl>(DC)->getIdentifier()){
        Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_constructor_return_type)
          << SourceRange(D.getDeclSpec().getTypeSpecTypeLoc())
          << SourceRange(D.getIdentifierLoc());
        return 0;
      }

      bool isStatic = SC == SC_Static;
    
      // [class.free]p1:
      // Any allocation function for a class T is a static member
      // (even if not explicitly declared static).
      if (Name.getCXXOverloadedOperator() == OO_New ||
          Name.getCXXOverloadedOperator() == OO_Array_New)
        isStatic = true;

      // [class.free]p6 Any deallocation function for a class X is a static member
      // (even if not explicitly declared static).
      if (Name.getCXXOverloadedOperator() == OO_Delete ||
          Name.getCXXOverloadedOperator() == OO_Array_Delete)
        isStatic = true;
    
      // This is a C++ method declaration.
      NewFD = CXXMethodDecl::Create(Context, cast<CXXRecordDecl>(DC),
                                    NameInfo, R, TInfo,
                                    isStatic, SCAsWritten, isInline);

      isVirtualOkay = !isStatic;
    } else {
      // Determine whether the function was written with a
      // prototype. This true when:
      //   - we're in C++ (where every function has a prototype),
      NewFD = FunctionDecl::Create(Context, DC,
                                   NameInfo, R, TInfo, SC, SCAsWritten, isInline,
                                   true/*HasPrototype*/);
    }
    SetNestedNameSpecifier(NewFD, D);
    isExplicitSpecialization = false;
    isFunctionTemplateSpecialization = false;
    NumMatchedTemplateParamLists = TemplateParamLists.size();
    if (D.isInvalidType())
      NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
    
    // Set the lexical context. If the declarator has a C++
    // scope specifier, or is the object of a friend declaration, the
    // lexical context will be different from the semantic context.
    NewFD->setLexicalDeclContext(CurContext);
    
    // Match up the template parameter lists with the scope specifier, then
    // determine whether we have a template or a template specialization.
    bool Invalid = false;
    if (TemplateParameterList *TemplateParams
        = MatchTemplateParametersToScopeSpecifier(
                                  D.getDeclSpec().getSourceRange().getBegin(),
                                  D.getCXXScopeSpec(),
                                  TemplateParamLists.get(),
                                  TemplateParamLists.size(),
                                  isFriend,
                                  isExplicitSpecialization,
                                  Invalid)) {
          // All but one template parameter lists have been matching.
          --NumMatchedTemplateParamLists;

          if (TemplateParams->size() > 0) {
            // This is a function template

            // Check that we can declare a template here.
            if (CheckTemplateDeclScope(S, TemplateParams))
              return 0;

            FunctionTemplate = FunctionTemplateDecl::Create(Context, DC,
                                                      NewFD->getLocation(),
                                                      Name, TemplateParams,
                                                      NewFD);
            FunctionTemplate->setLexicalDeclContext(CurContext);
            NewFD->setDescribedFunctionTemplate(FunctionTemplate);
          } else {
            // This is a function template specialization.
            isFunctionTemplateSpecialization = true;

            // C++0x [temp.expl.spec]p20 forbids "template<> friend void foo(int);".
            if (isFriend && isFunctionTemplateSpecialization) {
              // We want to remove the "template<>", found here.
              SourceRange RemoveRange = TemplateParams->getSourceRange();

              // If we remove the template<> and the name is not a
              // template-id, we're actually silently creating a problem:
              // the friend declaration will refer to an untemplated decl,
              // and clearly the user wants a template specialization.  So
              // we need to insert '<>' after the name.
              SourceLocation InsertLoc;
              if (D.getName().getKind() != UnqualifiedId::IK_TemplateId) {
                InsertLoc = D.getName().getSourceRange().getEnd();
                InsertLoc = PP.getLocForEndOfToken(InsertLoc);
              }

              Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_template_spec_decl_friend)
              << Name << RemoveRange
              << FixItHint::CreateRemoval(RemoveRange)
              << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(InsertLoc, "<>");
            }
          }
        }

    if (NumMatchedTemplateParamLists > 0 && D.getCXXScopeSpec().isSet()) {
      NewFD->setTemplateParameterListsInfo(Context,
                                           NumMatchedTemplateParamLists,
                                           TemplateParamLists.release());
    }

    if (Invalid) {
      NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
      if (FunctionTemplate)
        FunctionTemplate->setInvalidDecl();
    }
  
    // C++ [dcl.fct.spec]p5:
    //   The virtual specifier shall only be used in declarations of
    //   nonstatic class member functions that appear within a
    //   member-specification of a class declaration; see 10.3.
    //
    if (isVirtual && !NewFD->isInvalidDecl()) {
      if (!isVirtualOkay) {
        Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getVirtualSpecLoc(),
             diag::err_virtual_non_function);
      } else if (!CurContext->isRecord()) {
        // 'virtual' was specified outside of the class.
        Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getVirtualSpecLoc(), 
             diag::err_virtual_out_of_class)
          << FixItHint::CreateRemoval(D.getDeclSpec().getVirtualSpecLoc());
      } else if (NewFD->getDescribedFunctionTemplate()) {
        // C++ [temp.mem]p3:
        //  A member function template shall not be virtual.
        Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getVirtualSpecLoc(),
             diag::err_virtual_member_function_template)
          << FixItHint::CreateRemoval(D.getDeclSpec().getVirtualSpecLoc());
      } else {
        // Okay: Add virtual to the method.
        NewFD->setVirtualAsWritten(true);
      }
    }

    // C++ [dcl.fct.spec]p3:
    //  The inline specifier shall not appear on a block scope function declaration.
    if (isInline && !NewFD->isInvalidDecl()) {
      if (CurContext->isFunctionOrMethod()) {
        // 'inline' is not allowed on block scope function declaration.
        Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getInlineSpecLoc(), 
             diag::err_inline_declaration_block_scope) << Name
          << FixItHint::CreateRemoval(D.getDeclSpec().getInlineSpecLoc());
      }
    }
 
    // C++ [dcl.fct.spec]p6:
    //  The explicit specifier shall be used only in the declaration of a
    //  constructor or conversion function within its class definition; see 12.3.1
    //  and 12.3.2.
    if (isExplicit && !NewFD->isInvalidDecl()) {
      if (!CurContext->isRecord()) {
        // 'explicit' was specified outside of the class.
        Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getExplicitSpecLoc(), 
             diag::err_explicit_out_of_class)
          << FixItHint::CreateRemoval(D.getDeclSpec().getExplicitSpecLoc());
      } else if (!isa<CXXConstructorDecl>(NewFD) && 
                 !isa<CXXConversionDecl>(NewFD)) {
        // 'explicit' was specified on a function that wasn't a constructor
        // or conversion function.
        Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getExplicitSpecLoc(),
             diag::err_explicit_non_ctor_or_conv_function)
          << FixItHint::CreateRemoval(D.getDeclSpec().getExplicitSpecLoc());
      }      
    }

    // Filter out previous declarations that don't match the scope.
    FilterLookupForScope(*this, Previous, DC, S, NewFD->hasLinkage());

    if (isFriend) {
      // For now, claim that the objects have no previous declaration.
      if (FunctionTemplate) {
        FunctionTemplate->setObjectOfFriendDecl(false);
        FunctionTemplate->setAccess(AS_public);
      }
      NewFD->setObjectOfFriendDecl(false);
      NewFD->setAccess(AS_public);
    }

    if (isa<CXXMethodDecl>(NewFD) && DC == CurContext && IsFunctionDefinition) {
      // A method is implicitly inline if it's defined in its class
      // definition.
      NewFD->setImplicitlyInline();
    }

    if (SC == SC_Static && isa<CXXMethodDecl>(NewFD) &&
        !CurContext->isRecord()) {
      // C++ [class.static]p1:
      //   A data or function member of a class may be declared static
      //   in a class definition, in which case it is a static member of
      //   the class.

      // Complain about the 'static' specifier if it's on an out-of-line
      // member function definition.
      Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpecLoc(),
           diag::err_static_out_of_line)
        << FixItHint::CreateRemoval(D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpecLoc());
    }
  }
  
  // Handle GNU asm-label extension (encoded as an attribute).
  if (Expr *E = (Expr*) D.getAsmLabel()) {
    // The parser guarantees this is a string.
    StringLiteral *SE = cast<StringLiteral>(E);
    NewFD->addAttr(::new (Context) AsmLabelAttr(SE->getStrTokenLoc(0), Context,
                                                SE->getString()));
  }

  // Copy the parameter declarations from the declarator D to the function
  // declaration NewFD, if they are available.  First scavenge them into Params.
  llvm::SmallVector<ParmVarDecl*, 16> Params;
  if (D.isFunctionDeclarator()) {
    DeclaratorChunk::FunctionTypeInfo &FTI = D.getFunctionTypeInfo();

    // Check for C99 6.7.5.3p10 - foo(void) is a non-varargs
    // function that takes no arguments, not a function that takes a
    // single void argument.
    // We let through "const void" here because Sema::GetTypeForDeclarator
    // already checks for that case.
    if (FTI.NumArgs == 1 && !FTI.isVariadic && FTI.ArgInfo[0].Ident == 0 &&
        FTI.ArgInfo[0].Param &&
        cast<ParmVarDecl>(FTI.ArgInfo[0].Param)->getType()->isVoidType()) {
      // Empty arg list, don't push any params.
      ParmVarDecl *Param = cast<ParmVarDecl>(FTI.ArgInfo[0].Param);

      // In C++, the empty parameter-type-list must be spelled "void"; a
      // typedef of void is not permitted.
      if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus &&
          Param->getType().getUnqualifiedType() != Context.VoidTy)
        Diag(Param->getLocation(), diag::err_param_typedef_of_void);
    } else if (FTI.NumArgs > 0 && FTI.ArgInfo[0].Param != 0) {
      for (unsigned i = 0, e = FTI.NumArgs; i != e; ++i) {
        ParmVarDecl *Param = cast<ParmVarDecl>(FTI.ArgInfo[i].Param);
        assert(Param->getDeclContext() != NewFD && "Was set before ?");
        Param->setDeclContext(NewFD);
        Params.push_back(Param);

        if (Param->isInvalidDecl())
          NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
      }
    }

  } else if (const FunctionProtoType *FT = R->getAs<FunctionProtoType>()) {
    // When we're declaring a function with a typedef, typeof, etc as in the
    // following example, we'll need to synthesize (unnamed)
    // parameters for use in the declaration.
    //
    // @code
    // typedef void fn(int);
    // fn f;
    // @endcode

    // Synthesize a parameter for each argument type.
    for (FunctionProtoType::arg_type_iterator AI = FT->arg_type_begin(),
         AE = FT->arg_type_end(); AI != AE; ++AI) {
      ParmVarDecl *Param =
        BuildParmVarDeclForTypedef(NewFD, D.getIdentifierLoc(), *AI);
      Params.push_back(Param);
    }
  } else {
    assert(R->isFunctionNoProtoType() && NewFD->getNumParams() == 0 &&
           "Should not need args for typedef of non-prototype fn");
  }
  // Finally, we know we have the right number of parameters, install them.
  NewFD->setParams(Params.data(), Params.size());

  // Process the non-inheritable attributes on this declaration.
  ProcessDeclAttributes(S, NewFD, D,
                        /*NonInheritable=*/true, /*Inheritable=*/false);

  if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    // Perform semantic checking on the function declaration.
    bool isExplctSpecialization=false;
    CheckFunctionDeclaration(S, NewFD, Previous, isExplctSpecialization,
                             Redeclaration);
    assert((NewFD->isInvalidDecl() || !Redeclaration ||
            Previous.getResultKind() != LookupResult::FoundOverloaded) &&
           "previous declaration set still overloaded");
  } else {
    // If the declarator is a template-id, translate the parser's template 
    // argument list into our AST format.
    bool HasExplicitTemplateArgs = false;
    TemplateArgumentListInfo TemplateArgs;
    if (D.getName().getKind() == UnqualifiedId::IK_TemplateId) {
      TemplateIdAnnotation *TemplateId = D.getName().TemplateId;
      TemplateArgs.setLAngleLoc(TemplateId->LAngleLoc);
      TemplateArgs.setRAngleLoc(TemplateId->RAngleLoc);
      ASTTemplateArgsPtr TemplateArgsPtr(*this,
                                         TemplateId->getTemplateArgs(),
                                         TemplateId->NumArgs);
      translateTemplateArguments(TemplateArgsPtr,
                                 TemplateArgs);
      TemplateArgsPtr.release();
    
      HasExplicitTemplateArgs = true;
    
      if (FunctionTemplate) {
        // Function template with explicit template arguments.
        Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_function_template_partial_spec)
          << SourceRange(TemplateId->LAngleLoc, TemplateId->RAngleLoc);

        HasExplicitTemplateArgs = false;
      } else if (!isFunctionTemplateSpecialization && 
                 !D.getDeclSpec().isFriendSpecified()) {
        // We have encountered something that the user meant to be a 
        // specialization (because it has explicitly-specified template
        // arguments) but that was not introduced with a "template<>" (or had
        // too few of them).
        Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_template_spec_needs_header)
          << SourceRange(TemplateId->LAngleLoc, TemplateId->RAngleLoc)
          << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(
                                        D.getDeclSpec().getSourceRange().getBegin(),
                                                  "template<> ");
        isFunctionTemplateSpecialization = true;
      } else {
        // "friend void foo<>(int);" is an implicit specialization decl.
        isFunctionTemplateSpecialization = true;
      }
    } else if (isFriend && isFunctionTemplateSpecialization) {
      // This combination is only possible in a recovery case;  the user
      // wrote something like:
      //   template <> friend void foo(int);
      // which we're recovering from as if the user had written:
      //   friend void foo<>(int);
      // Go ahead and fake up a template id.
      HasExplicitTemplateArgs = true;
        TemplateArgs.setLAngleLoc(D.getIdentifierLoc());
      TemplateArgs.setRAngleLoc(D.getIdentifierLoc());
    }

    // If it's a friend (and only if it's a friend), it's possible
    // that either the specialized function type or the specialized
    // template is dependent, and therefore matching will fail.  In
    // this case, don't check the specialization yet.
    if (isFunctionTemplateSpecialization && isFriend &&
        (NewFD->getType()->isDependentType() || DC->isDependentContext())) {
      assert(HasExplicitTemplateArgs &&
             "friend function specialization without template args");
      if (CheckDependentFunctionTemplateSpecialization(NewFD, TemplateArgs,
                                                       Previous))
        NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
    } else if (isFunctionTemplateSpecialization) {
      if (CheckFunctionTemplateSpecialization(NewFD,
                                              (HasExplicitTemplateArgs ? &TemplateArgs : 0),
                                              Previous))
        NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
    } else if (isExplicitSpecialization && isa<CXXMethodDecl>(NewFD)) {
      if (CheckMemberSpecialization(NewFD, Previous))
          NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
    }

    // Perform semantic checking on the function declaration.
    CheckFunctionDeclaration(S, NewFD, Previous, isExplicitSpecialization,
                             Redeclaration);

    assert((NewFD->isInvalidDecl() || !Redeclaration ||
            Previous.getResultKind() != LookupResult::FoundOverloaded) &&
           "previous declaration set still overloaded");

    NamedDecl *PrincipalDecl = (FunctionTemplate
                                ? cast<NamedDecl>(FunctionTemplate)
                                : NewFD);

    if (isFriend && Redeclaration) {
      AccessSpecifier Access = AS_public;
      if (!NewFD->isInvalidDecl())
        Access = NewFD->getPreviousDeclaration()->getAccess();

      NewFD->setAccess(Access);
      if (FunctionTemplate) FunctionTemplate->setAccess(Access);

      PrincipalDecl->setObjectOfFriendDecl(true);
    }

    if (NewFD->isOverloadedOperator() && !DC->isRecord() &&
        PrincipalDecl->isInIdentifierNamespace(Decl::IDNS_Ordinary))
      PrincipalDecl->setNonMemberOperator();

    // If we have a function template, check the template parameter
    // list. This will check and merge default template arguments.
    if (FunctionTemplate) {
      FunctionTemplateDecl *PrevTemplate = FunctionTemplate->getPreviousDeclaration();
      CheckTemplateParameterList(FunctionTemplate->getTemplateParameters(),
                                 PrevTemplate? PrevTemplate->getTemplateParameters() : 0,
                            D.getDeclSpec().isFriendSpecified()
                              ? (IsFunctionDefinition 
                                   ? TPC_FriendFunctionTemplateDefinition
                                   : TPC_FriendFunctionTemplate)
                              : (D.getCXXScopeSpec().isSet() && 
                                 DC && DC->isRecord() && 
                                 DC->isDependentContext())
                                  ? TPC_ClassTemplateMember
                                  : TPC_FunctionTemplate);
    }

    if (NewFD->isInvalidDecl()) {
      // Ignore all the rest of this.
    } else if (!Redeclaration) {
      // Fake up an access specifier if it's supposed to be a class member.
      if (isa<CXXRecordDecl>(NewFD->getDeclContext()))
        NewFD->setAccess(AS_public);

      // Qualified decls generally require a previous declaration.
      if (D.getCXXScopeSpec().isSet()) {
        // ...with the major exception of templated-scope or
        // dependent-scope friend declarations.

        // TODO: we currently also suppress this check in dependent
        // contexts because (1) the parameter depth will be off when
        // matching friend templates and (2) we might actually be
        // selecting a friend based on a dependent factor.  But there
        // are situations where these conditions don't apply and we
        // can actually do this check immediately.
        if (isFriend &&
            (NumMatchedTemplateParamLists ||
             D.getCXXScopeSpec().getScopeRep()->isDependent() ||
             CurContext->isDependentContext())) {
              // ignore these
            } else {
              // The user tried to provide an out-of-line definition for a
              // function that is a member of a class or namespace, but there
              // was no such member function declared (C++ [class.mfct]p2,
              // C++ [namespace.memdef]p2). For example:
              //
              // class X {
              //   void f() const;
              // };
              //
              // void X::f() { } // ill-formed
              //
              // Complain about this problem, and attempt to suggest close
              // matches (e.g., those that differ only in cv-qualifiers and
              // whether the parameter types are references).
              Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_member_def_does_not_match)
              << Name << DC << D.getCXXScopeSpec().getRange();
              NewFD->setInvalidDecl();

              DiagnoseInvalidRedeclaration(*this, NewFD);
            }

        // Unqualified local friend declarations are required to resolve
        // to something.
        } else if (isFriend && cast<CXXRecordDecl>(CurContext)->isLocalClass()) {
          Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_no_matching_local_friend);
          NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
          DiagnoseInvalidRedeclaration(*this, NewFD);
        }

    } else if (!IsFunctionDefinition && D.getCXXScopeSpec().isSet() &&
               !isFriend && !isFunctionTemplateSpecialization &&
               !isExplicitSpecialization) {
      // An out-of-line member function declaration must also be a
      // definition (C++ [dcl.meaning]p1).
      // Note that this is not the case for explicit specializations of
      // function templates or member functions of class templates, per
      // C++ [temp.expl.spec]p2. We also allow these declarations as an extension
      // for compatibility with old SWIG code which likes to generate them.
      Diag(NewFD->getLocation(), diag::ext_out_of_line_declaration)
        << D.getCXXScopeSpec().getRange();
    }
  }
  
  
  // Handle attributes. We need to have merged decls when handling attributes
  // (for example to check for conflicts, etc).
  // FIXME: This needs to happen before we merge declarations. Then,
  // let attribute merging cope with attribute conflicts.
  ProcessDeclAttributes(S, NewFD, D,
                        /*NonInheritable=*/false, /*Inheritable=*/true);

  // attributes declared post-definition are currently ignored
  // FIXME: This should happen during attribute merging
  if (Redeclaration && Previous.isSingleResult()) {
    const FunctionDecl *Def;
    FunctionDecl *PrevFD = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(Previous.getFoundDecl());
    if (PrevFD && PrevFD->hasBody(Def) && D.hasAttributes()) {
      Diag(NewFD->getLocation(), diag::warn_attribute_precede_definition);
      Diag(Def->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    }
  }

  AddKnownFunctionAttributes(NewFD);

  if (NewFD->hasAttr<OverloadableAttr>() && 
      !NewFD->getType()->getAs<FunctionProtoType>()) {
    Diag(NewFD->getLocation(),
         diag::err_attribute_overloadable_no_prototype)
      << NewFD;

    // Turn this into a variadic function with no parameters.
    const FunctionType *FT = NewFD->getType()->getAs<FunctionType>();
    FunctionProtoType::ExtProtoInfo EPI;
    EPI.Variadic = true;
    EPI.ExtInfo = FT->getExtInfo();

    QualType R = Context.getFunctionType(FT->getResultType(), 0, 0, EPI);
    NewFD->setType(R);
  }

  // If there's a #pragma GCC visibility in scope, and this isn't a class
  // member, set the visibility of this function.
  if (NewFD->getLinkage() == ExternalLinkage && !DC->isRecord())
    AddPushedVisibilityAttribute(NewFD);

  // If this is a locally-scoped extern C function, update the
  // map of such names.
  if (CurContext->isFunctionOrMethod() && NewFD->isExternC()
      && !NewFD->isInvalidDecl())
    RegisterLocallyScopedExternCDecl(NewFD, Previous, S);

  // Set this FunctionDecl's range up to the right paren.
  NewFD->setLocEnd(D.getSourceRange().getEnd());

  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    if (FunctionTemplate) {
      if (NewFD->isInvalidDecl())
        FunctionTemplate->setInvalidDecl();
      return FunctionTemplate;
    }
  }

  MarkUnusedFileScopedDecl(NewFD);

  if (getLangOptions().CUDA)
    if (IdentifierInfo *II = NewFD->getIdentifier())
      if (!NewFD->isInvalidDecl() &&
          NewFD->getDeclContext()->getRedeclContext()->isTranslationUnit()) {
        if (II->isStr("cudaConfigureCall")) {
          if (!R->getAs<FunctionType>()->getResultType()->isScalarType())
            Diag(NewFD->getLocation(), diag::err_config_scalar_return);

          Context.setcudaConfigureCallDecl(NewFD);
        }
      }

  return NewFD;
}

/// \brief Perform semantic checking of a new function declaration.
///
/// Performs semantic analysis of the new function declaration
/// NewFD. This routine performs all semantic checking that does not
/// require the actual declarator involved in the declaration, and is
/// used both for the declaration of functions as they are parsed
/// (called via ActOnDeclarator) and for the declaration of functions
/// that have been instantiated via C++ template instantiation (called
/// via InstantiateDecl).
///
/// \param IsExplicitSpecialiation whether this new function declaration is
/// an explicit specialization of the previous declaration.
///
/// This sets NewFD->isInvalidDecl() to true if there was an error.
void Sema::CheckFunctionDeclaration(Scope *S, FunctionDecl *NewFD,
                                    LookupResult &Previous,
                                    bool IsExplicitSpecialization,
                                    bool &Redeclaration) {
  // If NewFD is already known erroneous, don't do any of this checking.
  if (NewFD->isInvalidDecl()) {
    // If this is a class member, mark the class invalid immediately.
    // This avoids some consistency errors later.
    if (isa<CXXMethodDecl>(NewFD))
      cast<CXXMethodDecl>(NewFD)->getParent()->setInvalidDecl();

    return;
  }

  if (NewFD->getResultType()->isVariablyModifiedType()) {
    // Functions returning a variably modified type violate C99 6.7.5.2p2
    // because all functions have linkage.
    Diag(NewFD->getLocation(), diag::err_vm_func_decl);
    return NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  if (NewFD->isMain()) 
    CheckMain(NewFD);

  // Check for a previous declaration of this name.
  if (Previous.empty() && NewFD->isExternC()) {
    // Since we did not find anything by this name and we're declaring
    // an extern "C" function, look for a non-visible extern "C"
    // declaration with the same name.
    llvm::DenseMap<DeclarationName, NamedDecl *>::iterator Pos
      = LocallyScopedExternalDecls.find(NewFD->getDeclName());
    if (Pos != LocallyScopedExternalDecls.end())
      Previous.addDecl(Pos->second);
  }

  // Merge or overload the declaration with an existing declaration of
  // the same name, if appropriate.
  if (!Previous.empty()) {
    // Determine whether NewFD is an overload of PrevDecl or
    // a declaration that requires merging. If it's an overload,
    // there's no more work to do here; we'll just add the new
    // function to the scope.

    NamedDecl *OldDecl = 0;
    if (!AllowOverloadingOfFunction(Previous, Context)) {
      Redeclaration = true;
      OldDecl = Previous.getFoundDecl();
    } else {
      switch (CheckOverload(S, NewFD, Previous, OldDecl,
                            /*NewIsUsingDecl*/ false)) {
      case Ovl_Match:
        Redeclaration = true;
        break;

      case Ovl_NonFunction:
        Redeclaration = true;
        break;

      case Ovl_Overload:
        Redeclaration = false;
        break;
      }

      if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus && !NewFD->hasAttr<OverloadableAttr>()) {
        // If a function name is overloadable in C, then every function
        // with that name must be marked "overloadable".
        Diag(NewFD->getLocation(), diag::err_attribute_overloadable_missing)
          << Redeclaration << NewFD;
        NamedDecl *OverloadedDecl = 0;
        if (Redeclaration)
          OverloadedDecl = OldDecl;
        else if (!Previous.empty())
          OverloadedDecl = Previous.getRepresentativeDecl();
        if (OverloadedDecl)
          Diag(OverloadedDecl->getLocation(),
               diag::note_attribute_overloadable_prev_overload);
        NewFD->addAttr(::new (Context) OverloadableAttr(SourceLocation(),
                                                        Context));
      }
    }

    if (Redeclaration) {
      // NewFD and OldDecl represent declarations that need to be
      // merged.
      if (MergeFunctionDecl(NewFD, OldDecl))
        return NewFD->setInvalidDecl();

      Previous.clear();
      Previous.addDecl(OldDecl);

      if (FunctionTemplateDecl *OldTemplateDecl
                                    = dyn_cast<FunctionTemplateDecl>(OldDecl)) {
        NewFD->setPreviousDeclaration(OldTemplateDecl->getTemplatedDecl());        
        FunctionTemplateDecl *NewTemplateDecl
          = NewFD->getDescribedFunctionTemplate();
        assert(NewTemplateDecl && "Template/non-template mismatch");
        if (CXXMethodDecl *Method 
              = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(NewTemplateDecl->getTemplatedDecl())) {
          Method->setAccess(OldTemplateDecl->getAccess());
          NewTemplateDecl->setAccess(OldTemplateDecl->getAccess());
        }
        
        // If this is an explicit specialization of a member that is a function
        // template, mark it as a member specialization.
        if (IsExplicitSpecialization && 
            NewTemplateDecl->getInstantiatedFromMemberTemplate()) {
          NewTemplateDecl->setMemberSpecialization();
          assert(OldTemplateDecl->isMemberSpecialization());
        }
      } else {
        if (isa<CXXMethodDecl>(NewFD)) // Set access for out-of-line definitions
          NewFD->setAccess(OldDecl->getAccess());
        NewFD->setPreviousDeclaration(cast<FunctionDecl>(OldDecl));
      }
    }
  }

  // Semantic checking for this function declaration (in isolation).
  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    // C++-specific checks.
    if (CXXConstructorDecl *Constructor = dyn_cast<CXXConstructorDecl>(NewFD)) {
      CheckConstructor(Constructor);
    } else if (CXXDestructorDecl *Destructor = 
                dyn_cast<CXXDestructorDecl>(NewFD)) {
      CXXRecordDecl *Record = Destructor->getParent();
      QualType ClassType = Context.getTypeDeclType(Record);
      
      // FIXME: Shouldn't we be able to perform this check even when the class
      // type is dependent? Both gcc and edg can handle that.
      if (!ClassType->isDependentType()) {
        DeclarationName Name
          = Context.DeclarationNames.getCXXDestructorName(
                                        Context.getCanonicalType(ClassType));
        if (NewFD->getDeclName() != Name) {
          Diag(NewFD->getLocation(), diag::err_destructor_name);
          return NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
        }
      }
    } else if (CXXConversionDecl *Conversion
               = dyn_cast<CXXConversionDecl>(NewFD)) {
      ActOnConversionDeclarator(Conversion);
    }

    // Find any virtual functions that this function overrides.
    if (CXXMethodDecl *Method = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(NewFD)) {
      if (!Method->isFunctionTemplateSpecialization() && 
          !Method->getDescribedFunctionTemplate()) {
        if (AddOverriddenMethods(Method->getParent(), Method)) {
          // If the function was marked as "static", we have a problem.
          if (NewFD->getStorageClass() == SC_Static) {
            Diag(NewFD->getLocation(), diag::err_static_overrides_virtual)
              << NewFD->getDeclName();
            for (CXXMethodDecl::method_iterator 
                      Overridden = Method->begin_overridden_methods(),
                   OverriddenEnd = Method->end_overridden_methods();
                 Overridden != OverriddenEnd;
                 ++Overridden) {
              Diag((*Overridden)->getLocation(), 
                   diag::note_overridden_virtual_function);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

    // Extra checking for C++ overloaded operators (C++ [over.oper]).
    if (NewFD->isOverloadedOperator() &&
        CheckOverloadedOperatorDeclaration(NewFD))
      return NewFD->setInvalidDecl();

    // Extra checking for C++0x literal operators (C++0x [over.literal]).
    if (NewFD->getLiteralIdentifier() &&
        CheckLiteralOperatorDeclaration(NewFD))
      return NewFD->setInvalidDecl();

    // In C++, check default arguments now that we have merged decls. Unless
    // the lexical context is the class, because in this case this is done
    // during delayed parsing anyway.
    if (!CurContext->isRecord())
      CheckCXXDefaultArguments(NewFD);
    
    // If this function declares a builtin function, check the type of this
    // declaration against the expected type for the builtin. 
    if (unsigned BuiltinID = NewFD->getBuiltinID()) {
      ASTContext::GetBuiltinTypeError Error;
      QualType T = Context.GetBuiltinType(BuiltinID, Error);
      if (!T.isNull() && !Context.hasSameType(T, NewFD->getType())) {
        // The type of this function differs from the type of the builtin,
        // so forget about the builtin entirely.
        Context.BuiltinInfo.ForgetBuiltin(BuiltinID, Context.Idents);
      }
    }
  }
}

void Sema::CheckMain(FunctionDecl* FD) {
  // C++ [basic.start.main]p3:  A program that declares main to be inline
  //   or static is ill-formed.
  // C99 6.7.4p4:  In a hosted environment, the inline function specifier
  //   shall not appear in a declaration of main.
  // static main is not an error under C99, but we should warn about it.
  bool isInline = FD->isInlineSpecified();
  bool isStatic = FD->getStorageClass() == SC_Static;
  if (isInline || isStatic) {
    unsigned diagID = diag::warn_unusual_main_decl;
    if (isInline || getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
      diagID = diag::err_unusual_main_decl;

    int which = isStatic + (isInline << 1) - 1;
    Diag(FD->getLocation(), diagID) << which;
  }

  QualType T = FD->getType();
  assert(T->isFunctionType() && "function decl is not of function type");
  const FunctionType* FT = T->getAs<FunctionType>();

  if (!Context.hasSameUnqualifiedType(FT->getResultType(), Context.IntTy)) {
    Diag(FD->getTypeSpecStartLoc(), diag::err_main_returns_nonint);
    FD->setInvalidDecl(true);
  }

  // Treat protoless main() as nullary.
  if (isa<FunctionNoProtoType>(FT)) return;

  const FunctionProtoType* FTP = cast<const FunctionProtoType>(FT);
  unsigned nparams = FTP->getNumArgs();
  assert(FD->getNumParams() == nparams);

  bool HasExtraParameters = (nparams > 3);

  // Darwin passes an undocumented fourth argument of type char**.  If
  // other platforms start sprouting these, the logic below will start
  // getting shifty.
  if (nparams == 4 &&
      Context.Target.getTriple().getOS() == llvm::Triple::Darwin)
    HasExtraParameters = false;

  if (HasExtraParameters) {
    Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::err_main_surplus_args) << nparams;
    FD->setInvalidDecl(true);
    nparams = 3;
  }

  // FIXME: a lot of the following diagnostics would be improved
  // if we had some location information about types.

  QualType CharPP =
    Context.getPointerType(Context.getPointerType(Context.CharTy));
  QualType Expected[] = { Context.IntTy, CharPP, CharPP, CharPP };

  for (unsigned i = 0; i < nparams; ++i) {
    QualType AT = FTP->getArgType(i);

    bool mismatch = true;

    if (Context.hasSameUnqualifiedType(AT, Expected[i]))
      mismatch = false;
    else if (Expected[i] == CharPP) {
      // As an extension, the following forms are okay:
      //   char const **
      //   char const * const *
      //   char * const *

      QualifierCollector qs;
      const PointerType* PT;
      if ((PT = qs.strip(AT)->getAs<PointerType>()) &&
          (PT = qs.strip(PT->getPointeeType())->getAs<PointerType>()) &&
          (QualType(qs.strip(PT->getPointeeType()), 0) == Context.CharTy)) {
        qs.removeConst();
        mismatch = !qs.empty();
      }
    }

    if (mismatch) {
      Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::err_main_arg_wrong) << i << Expected[i];
      // TODO: suggest replacing given type with expected type
      FD->setInvalidDecl(true);
    }
  }

  if (nparams == 1 && !FD->isInvalidDecl()) {
    Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::warn_main_one_arg);
  }
  
  if (!FD->isInvalidDecl() && FD->getDescribedFunctionTemplate()) {
    Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::err_main_template_decl);
    FD->setInvalidDecl();
  }
}

bool Sema::CheckForConstantInitializer(Expr *Init, QualType DclT) {
  // FIXME: Need strict checking.  In C89, we need to check for
  // any assignment, increment, decrement, function-calls, or
  // commas outside of a sizeof.  In C99, it's the same list,
  // except that the aforementioned are allowed in unevaluated
  // expressions.  Everything else falls under the
  // "may accept other forms of constant expressions" exception.
  // (We never end up here for C++, so the constant expression
  // rules there don't matter.)
  if (Init->isConstantInitializer(Context, false))
    return false;
  Diag(Init->getExprLoc(), diag::err_init_element_not_constant)
    << Init->getSourceRange();
  return true;
}

/// AddInitializerToDecl - Adds the initializer Init to the
/// declaration dcl. If DirectInit is true, this is C++ direct
/// initialization rather than copy initialization.
void Sema::AddInitializerToDecl(Decl *RealDecl, Expr *Init,
                                bool DirectInit, bool TypeMayContainAuto) {
  // If there is no declaration, there was an error parsing it.  Just ignore
  // the initializer.
  if (RealDecl == 0 || RealDecl->isInvalidDecl())
    return;

  if (CXXMethodDecl *Method = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(RealDecl)) {
    // With declarators parsed the way they are, the parser cannot
    // distinguish between a normal initializer and a pure-specifier.
    // Thus this grotesque test.
    IntegerLiteral *IL;
    if ((IL = dyn_cast<IntegerLiteral>(Init)) && IL->getValue() == 0 &&
        Context.getCanonicalType(IL->getType()) == Context.IntTy)
      CheckPureMethod(Method, Init->getSourceRange());
    else {
      Diag(Method->getLocation(), diag::err_member_function_initialization)
        << Method->getDeclName() << Init->getSourceRange();
      Method->setInvalidDecl();
    }
    return;
  }

  VarDecl *VDecl = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(RealDecl);
  if (!VDecl) {
    if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus &&
        RealDecl->getLexicalDeclContext()->isRecord() &&
        isa<NamedDecl>(RealDecl))
      Diag(RealDecl->getLocation(), diag::err_member_initialization);
    else
      Diag(RealDecl->getLocation(), diag::err_illegal_initializer);
    RealDecl->setInvalidDecl();
    return;
  }

  // C++0x [decl.spec.auto]p6. Deduce the type which 'auto' stands in for.
  if (TypeMayContainAuto && VDecl->getType()->getContainedAutoType()) {
    QualType DeducedType;
    if (!DeduceAutoType(VDecl->getType(), Init, DeducedType)) {
      Diag(VDecl->getLocation(), diag::err_auto_var_deduction_failure)
        << VDecl->getDeclName() << VDecl->getType() << Init->getType()
        << Init->getSourceRange();
      RealDecl->setInvalidDecl();
      return;
    }
    VDecl->setType(DeducedType);

    // If this is a redeclaration, check that the type we just deduced matches
    // the previously declared type.
    if (VarDecl *Old = VDecl->getPreviousDeclaration())
      MergeVarDeclTypes(VDecl, Old);
  }
  

  // A definition must end up with a complete type, which means it must be
  // complete with the restriction that an array type might be completed by the
  // initializer; note that later code assumes this restriction.
  QualType BaseDeclType = VDecl->getType();
  if (const ArrayType *Array = Context.getAsIncompleteArrayType(BaseDeclType))
    BaseDeclType = Array->getElementType();
  if (RequireCompleteType(VDecl->getLocation(), BaseDeclType,
                          diag::err_typecheck_decl_incomplete_type)) {
    RealDecl->setInvalidDecl();
    return;
  }

  // The variable can not have an abstract class type.
  if (RequireNonAbstractType(VDecl->getLocation(), VDecl->getType(),
                             diag::err_abstract_type_in_decl,
                             AbstractVariableType))
    VDecl->setInvalidDecl();

  const VarDecl *Def;
  if ((Def = VDecl->getDefinition()) && Def != VDecl) {
    Diag(VDecl->getLocation(), diag::err_redefinition)
      << VDecl->getDeclName();
    Diag(Def->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
    VDecl->setInvalidDecl();
    return;
  }
  
  const VarDecl* PrevInit = 0;
  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    // C++ [class.static.data]p4
    //   If a static data member is of const integral or const
    //   enumeration type, its declaration in the class definition can
    //   specify a constant-initializer which shall be an integral
    //   constant expression (5.19). In that case, the member can appear
    //   in integral constant expressions. The member shall still be
    //   defined in a namespace scope if it is used in the program and the
    //   namespace scope definition shall not contain an initializer.
    //
    // We already performed a redefinition check above, but for static
    // data members we also need to check whether there was an in-class
    // declaration with an initializer.
    if (VDecl->isStaticDataMember() && VDecl->getAnyInitializer(PrevInit)) {
      Diag(VDecl->getLocation(), diag::err_redefinition) << VDecl->getDeclName();
      Diag(PrevInit->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
      return;
    }  

    if (VDecl->hasLocalStorage())
      getCurFunction()->setHasBranchProtectedScope();

    if (DiagnoseUnexpandedParameterPack(Init, UPPC_Initializer)) {
      VDecl->setInvalidDecl();
      return;
    }
  }

  // Capture the variable that is being initialized and the style of
  // initialization.
  InitializedEntity Entity = InitializedEntity::InitializeVariable(VDecl);
  
  // FIXME: Poor source location information.
  InitializationKind Kind
    = DirectInit? InitializationKind::CreateDirect(VDecl->getLocation(),
                                                   Init->getLocStart(),
                                                   Init->getLocEnd())
                : InitializationKind::CreateCopy(VDecl->getLocation(),
                                                 Init->getLocStart());
  
  // Get the decls type and save a reference for later, since
  // CheckInitializerTypes may change it.
  QualType DclT = VDecl->getType(), SavT = DclT;
  if (VDecl->isLocalVarDecl()) {
    if (VDecl->hasExternalStorage()) { // C99 6.7.8p5
      Diag(VDecl->getLocation(), diag::err_block_extern_cant_init);
      VDecl->setInvalidDecl();
    } else if (!VDecl->isInvalidDecl()) {
      InitializationSequence InitSeq(*this, Entity, Kind, &Init, 1);
      ExprResult Result = InitSeq.Perform(*this, Entity, Kind,
                                                MultiExprArg(*this, &Init, 1),
                                                &DclT);
      if (Result.isInvalid()) {
        VDecl->setInvalidDecl();
        return;
      }

      Init = Result.takeAs<Expr>();

      // C++ 3.6.2p2, allow dynamic initialization of static initializers.
      // Don't check invalid declarations to avoid emitting useless diagnostics.
      if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus && !VDecl->isInvalidDecl()) {
        if (VDecl->getStorageClass() == SC_Static) // C99 6.7.8p4.
          CheckForConstantInitializer(Init, DclT);
      }
    }
  } else if (VDecl->isStaticDataMember() &&
             VDecl->getLexicalDeclContext()->isRecord()) {
    // This is an in-class initialization for a static data member, e.g.,
    //
    // struct S {
    //   static const int value = 17;
    // };

    // Try to perform the initialization regardless.
    if (!VDecl->isInvalidDecl()) {
      InitializationSequence InitSeq(*this, Entity, Kind, &Init, 1);
      ExprResult Result = InitSeq.Perform(*this, Entity, Kind,
                                          MultiExprArg(*this, &Init, 1),
                                          &DclT);
      if (Result.isInvalid()) {
        VDecl->setInvalidDecl();
        return;
      }

      Init = Result.takeAs<Expr>();
    }

    // C++ [class.mem]p4:
    //   A member-declarator can contain a constant-initializer only
    //   if it declares a static member (9.4) of const integral or
    //   const enumeration type, see 9.4.2.
    QualType T = VDecl->getType();

    // Do nothing on dependent types.
    if (T->isDependentType()) {

    // Require constness.
    } else if (!T.isConstQualified()) {
      Diag(VDecl->getLocation(), diag::err_in_class_initializer_non_const)
        << Init->getSourceRange();
      VDecl->setInvalidDecl();

    // We allow integer constant expressions in all cases.
    } else if (T->isIntegralOrEnumerationType()) {
      if (!Init->isValueDependent()) {
        // Check whether the expression is a constant expression.
        llvm::APSInt Value;
        SourceLocation Loc;
        if (!Init->isIntegerConstantExpr(Value, Context, &Loc)) {
          Diag(Loc, diag::err_in_class_initializer_non_constant)
            << Init->getSourceRange();
          VDecl->setInvalidDecl();
        }
      }

    // We allow floating-point constants as an extension in C++03, and
    // C++0x has far more complicated rules that we don't really
    // implement fully.
    } else {
      bool Allowed = false;
      if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus0x) {
        Allowed = T->isLiteralType();
      } else if (T->isFloatingType()) { // also permits complex, which is ok
        Diag(VDecl->getLocation(), diag::ext_in_class_initializer_float_type)
          << T << Init->getSourceRange();
        Allowed = true;
      }

      if (!Allowed) {
        Diag(VDecl->getLocation(), diag::err_in_class_initializer_bad_type)
          << T << Init->getSourceRange();
        VDecl->setInvalidDecl();

      // TODO: there are probably expressions that pass here that shouldn't.
      } else if (!Init->isValueDependent() &&
                 !Init->isConstantInitializer(Context, false)) {
        Diag(Init->getExprLoc(), diag::err_in_class_initializer_non_constant)
          << Init->getSourceRange();
        VDecl->setInvalidDecl();
      }
    }
  } else if (VDecl->isFileVarDecl()) {
    if (VDecl->getStorageClassAsWritten() == SC_Extern && 
        (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus || 
         !Context.getBaseElementType(VDecl->getType()).isConstQualified()))
      Diag(VDecl->getLocation(), diag::warn_extern_init);
    if (!VDecl->isInvalidDecl()) {
      InitializationSequence InitSeq(*this, Entity, Kind, &Init, 1);
      ExprResult Result = InitSeq.Perform(*this, Entity, Kind,
                                                MultiExprArg(*this, &Init, 1),
                                                &DclT);
      if (Result.isInvalid()) {
        VDecl->setInvalidDecl();
        return;
      }

      Init = Result.takeAs<Expr>();
    }

    // C++ 3.6.2p2, allow dynamic initialization of static initializers.
    // Don't check invalid declarations to avoid emitting useless diagnostics.
    if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus && !VDecl->isInvalidDecl()) {
      // C99 6.7.8p4. All file scoped initializers need to be constant.
      CheckForConstantInitializer(Init, DclT);
    }
  }
  // If the type changed, it means we had an incomplete type that was
  // completed by the initializer. For example:
  //   int ary[] = { 1, 3, 5 };
  // "ary" transitions from a VariableArrayType to a ConstantArrayType.
  if (!VDecl->isInvalidDecl() && (DclT != SavT)) {
    VDecl->setType(DclT);
    Init->setType(DclT);
  }

  
  // If this variable is a local declaration with record type, make sure it
  // doesn't have a flexible member initialization.  We only support this as a
  // global/static definition.
  if (VDecl->hasLocalStorage())
    if (const RecordType *RT = VDecl->getType()->getAs<RecordType>())
      if (RT->getDecl()->hasFlexibleArrayMember()) {
        // Check whether the initializer tries to initialize the flexible
        // array member itself to anything other than an empty initializer list.
        if (InitListExpr *ILE = dyn_cast<InitListExpr>(Init)) {
          unsigned Index = std::distance(RT->getDecl()->field_begin(),
                                         RT->getDecl()->field_end()) - 1;
          if (Index < ILE->getNumInits() &&
              !(isa<InitListExpr>(ILE->getInit(Index)) &&
                cast<InitListExpr>(ILE->getInit(Index))->getNumInits() == 0)) {
            Diag(VDecl->getLocation(), diag::err_nonstatic_flexible_variable);
            VDecl->setInvalidDecl();
          }
        }
      }
  
  // Check any implicit conversions within the expression.
  CheckImplicitConversions(Init, VDecl->getLocation());

  Init = MaybeCreateExprWithCleanups(Init);
  // Attach the initializer to the decl.
  VDecl->setInit(Init);

  CheckCompleteVariableDeclaration(VDecl);
}

/// ActOnInitializerError - Given that there was an error parsing an
/// initializer for the given declaration, try to return to some form
/// of sanity.
void Sema::ActOnInitializerError(Decl *D) {
  // Our main concern here is re-establishing invariants like "a
  // variable's type is either dependent or complete".
  if (!D || D->isInvalidDecl()) return;

  VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(D);
  if (!VD) return;

  // Auto types are meaningless if we can't make sense of the initializer.
  if (ParsingInitForAutoVars.count(D)) {
    D->setInvalidDecl();
    return;
  }

  QualType Ty = VD->getType();
  if (Ty->isDependentType()) return;

  // Require a complete type.
  if (RequireCompleteType(VD->getLocation(), 
                          Context.getBaseElementType(Ty),
                          diag::err_typecheck_decl_incomplete_type)) {
    VD->setInvalidDecl();
    return;
  }

  // Require an abstract type.
  if (RequireNonAbstractType(VD->getLocation(), Ty,
                             diag::err_abstract_type_in_decl,
                             AbstractVariableType)) {
    VD->setInvalidDecl();
    return;
  }

  // Don't bother complaining about constructors or destructors,
  // though.
}

void Sema::ActOnUninitializedDecl(Decl *RealDecl,
                                  bool TypeMayContainAuto) {
  // If there is no declaration, there was an error parsing it. Just ignore it.
  if (RealDecl == 0)
    return;

  if (VarDecl *Var = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(RealDecl)) {
    QualType Type = Var->getType();

    // C++0x [dcl.spec.auto]p3
    if (TypeMayContainAuto && Type->getContainedAutoType()) {
      Diag(Var->getLocation(), diag::err_auto_var_requires_init)
        << Var->getDeclName() << Type;
      Var->setInvalidDecl();
      return;
    }

    switch (Var->isThisDeclarationADefinition()) {
    case VarDecl::Definition:
      if (!Var->isStaticDataMember() || !Var->getAnyInitializer())
        break;

      // We have an out-of-line definition of a static data member
      // that has an in-class initializer, so we type-check this like
      // a declaration. 
      //
      // Fall through
      
    case VarDecl::DeclarationOnly:
      // It's only a declaration. 

      // Block scope. C99 6.7p7: If an identifier for an object is
      // declared with no linkage (C99 6.2.2p6), the type for the
      // object shall be complete.
      if (!Type->isDependentType() && Var->isLocalVarDecl() && 
          !Var->getLinkage() && !Var->isInvalidDecl() &&
          RequireCompleteType(Var->getLocation(), Type,
                              diag::err_typecheck_decl_incomplete_type))
        Var->setInvalidDecl();

      // Make sure that the type is not abstract.
      if (!Type->isDependentType() && !Var->isInvalidDecl() &&
          RequireNonAbstractType(Var->getLocation(), Type,
                                 diag::err_abstract_type_in_decl,
                                 AbstractVariableType))
        Var->setInvalidDecl();
      return;

    case VarDecl::TentativeDefinition:
      // File scope. C99 6.9.2p2: A declaration of an identifier for an
      // object that has file scope without an initializer, and without a
      // storage-class specifier or with the storage-class specifier "static",
      // constitutes a tentative definition. Note: A tentative definition with
      // external linkage is valid (C99 6.2.2p5).
      if (!Var->isInvalidDecl()) {
        if (const IncompleteArrayType *ArrayT
                                    = Context.getAsIncompleteArrayType(Type)) {
          if (RequireCompleteType(Var->getLocation(),
                                  ArrayT->getElementType(),
                                  diag::err_illegal_decl_array_incomplete_type))
            Var->setInvalidDecl();
        } else if (Var->getStorageClass() == SC_Static) {
          // C99 6.9.2p3: If the declaration of an identifier for an object is
          // a tentative definition and has internal linkage (C99 6.2.2p3), the
          // declared type shall not be an incomplete type.
          // NOTE: code such as the following
          //     static struct s;
          //     struct s { int a; };
          // is accepted by gcc. Hence here we issue a warning instead of
          // an error and we do not invalidate the static declaration.
          // NOTE: to avoid multiple warnings, only check the first declaration.
          if (Var->getPreviousDeclaration() == 0)
            RequireCompleteType(Var->getLocation(), Type,
                                diag::ext_typecheck_decl_incomplete_type);
        }
      }

      // Record the tentative definition; we're done.
      if (!Var->isInvalidDecl())
        TentativeDefinitions.push_back(Var);
      return;
    }

    // Provide a specific diagnostic for uninitialized variable
    // definitions with incomplete array type.
    if (Type->isIncompleteArrayType()) {
      Diag(Var->getLocation(),
           diag::err_typecheck_incomplete_array_needs_initializer);
      Var->setInvalidDecl();
      return;
    }

    // Provide a specific diagnostic for uninitialized variable
    // definitions with reference type.
    if (Type->isReferenceType()) {
      Diag(Var->getLocation(), diag::err_reference_var_requires_init)
        << Var->getDeclName()
        << SourceRange(Var->getLocation(), Var->getLocation());
      Var->setInvalidDecl();
      return;
    }

    // Do not attempt to type-check the default initializer for a
    // variable with dependent type.
    if (Type->isDependentType())
      return;

    if (Var->isInvalidDecl())
      return;

    if (RequireCompleteType(Var->getLocation(), 
                            Context.getBaseElementType(Type),
                            diag::err_typecheck_decl_incomplete_type)) {
      Var->setInvalidDecl();
      return;
    }

    // The variable can not have an abstract class type.
    if (RequireNonAbstractType(Var->getLocation(), Type,
                               diag::err_abstract_type_in_decl,
                               AbstractVariableType)) {
      Var->setInvalidDecl();
      return;
    }

    const RecordType *Record
      = Context.getBaseElementType(Type)->getAs<RecordType>();
    if (Record && getLangOptions().CPlusPlus && !getLangOptions().CPlusPlus0x &&
        cast<CXXRecordDecl>(Record->getDecl())->isPOD()) {
      // C++03 [dcl.init]p9:
      //   If no initializer is specified for an object, and the
      //   object is of (possibly cv-qualified) non-POD class type (or
      //   array thereof), the object shall be default-initialized; if
      //   the object is of const-qualified type, the underlying class
      //   type shall have a user-declared default
      //   constructor. Otherwise, if no initializer is specified for
      //   a non- static object, the object and its subobjects, if
      //   any, have an indeterminate initial value); if the object
      //   or any of its subobjects are of const-qualified type, the
      //   program is ill-formed.
      // FIXME: DPG thinks it is very fishy that C++0x disables this.
    } else {
      // Check for jumps past the implicit initializer.  C++0x
      // clarifies that this applies to a "variable with automatic
      // storage duration", not a "local variable".
      if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus && Var->hasLocalStorage())
        getCurFunction()->setHasBranchProtectedScope();

      InitializedEntity Entity = InitializedEntity::InitializeVariable(Var);
      InitializationKind Kind
        = InitializationKind::CreateDefault(Var->getLocation());
    
      InitializationSequence InitSeq(*this, Entity, Kind, 0, 0);
      ExprResult Init = InitSeq.Perform(*this, Entity, Kind,
                                        MultiExprArg(*this, 0, 0));
      if (Init.isInvalid())
        Var->setInvalidDecl();
      else if (Init.get())
        Var->setInit(MaybeCreateExprWithCleanups(Init.get()));
    }

    CheckCompleteVariableDeclaration(Var);
  }
}

void Sema::CheckCompleteVariableDeclaration(VarDecl *var) {
  if (var->isInvalidDecl()) return;

  // All the following checks are C++ only.
  if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) return;

  QualType baseType = Context.getBaseElementType(var->getType());
  if (baseType->isDependentType()) return;

  // __block variables might require us to capture a copy-initializer.
  if (var->hasAttr<BlocksAttr>()) {
    // It's currently invalid to ever have a __block variable with an
    // array type; should we diagnose that here?

    // Regardless, we don't want to ignore array nesting when
    // constructing this copy.
    QualType type = var->getType();

    if (type->isStructureOrClassType()) {
      SourceLocation poi = var->getLocation();
      Expr *varRef = new (Context) DeclRefExpr(var, type, VK_LValue, poi);
      ExprResult result =
        PerformCopyInitialization(
                        InitializedEntity::InitializeBlock(poi, type, false),
                                  poi, Owned(varRef));
      if (!result.isInvalid()) {
        result = MaybeCreateExprWithCleanups(result);
        Expr *init = result.takeAs<Expr>();
        Context.setBlockVarCopyInits(var, init);
      }
    }
  }

  // Check for global constructors.
  if (!var->getDeclContext()->isDependentContext() &&
      var->hasGlobalStorage() &&
      !var->isStaticLocal() &&
      var->getInit() &&
      !var->getInit()->isConstantInitializer(Context,
                                             baseType->isReferenceType()))
    Diag(var->getLocation(), diag::warn_global_constructor)
      << var->getInit()->getSourceRange();

  // Require the destructor.
  if (const RecordType *recordType = baseType->getAs<RecordType>())
    FinalizeVarWithDestructor(var, recordType);
}

/// FinalizeDeclaration - called by ParseDeclarationAfterDeclarator to perform
/// any semantic actions necessary after any initializer has been attached.
void
Sema::FinalizeDeclaration(Decl *ThisDecl) {
  // Note that we are no longer parsing the initializer for this declaration.
  ParsingInitForAutoVars.erase(ThisDecl);
}

Sema::DeclGroupPtrTy
Sema::FinalizeDeclaratorGroup(Scope *S, const DeclSpec &DS,
                              Decl **Group, unsigned NumDecls) {
  llvm::SmallVector<Decl*, 8> Decls;

  if (DS.isTypeSpecOwned())
    Decls.push_back(DS.getRepAsDecl());

  for (unsigned i = 0; i != NumDecls; ++i)
    if (Decl *D = Group[i])
      Decls.push_back(D);

  return BuildDeclaratorGroup(Decls.data(), Decls.size(), 
                              DS.getTypeSpecType() == DeclSpec::TST_auto);
}

/// BuildDeclaratorGroup - convert a list of declarations into a declaration
/// group, performing any necessary semantic checking.
Sema::DeclGroupPtrTy
Sema::BuildDeclaratorGroup(Decl **Group, unsigned NumDecls,
                           bool TypeMayContainAuto) {
  // C++0x [dcl.spec.auto]p7:
  //   If the type deduced for the template parameter U is not the same in each
  //   deduction, the program is ill-formed.
  // FIXME: When initializer-list support is added, a distinction is needed
  // between the deduced type U and the deduced type which 'auto' stands for.
  //   auto a = 0, b = { 1, 2, 3 };
  // is legal because the deduced type U is 'int' in both cases.
  if (TypeMayContainAuto && NumDecls > 1) {
    QualType Deduced;
    CanQualType DeducedCanon;
    VarDecl *DeducedDecl = 0;
    for (unsigned i = 0; i != NumDecls; ++i) {
      if (VarDecl *D = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(Group[i])) {
        AutoType *AT = D->getType()->getContainedAutoType();
        // Don't reissue diagnostics when instantiating a template.
        if (AT && D->isInvalidDecl())
          break;
        if (AT && AT->isDeduced()) {
          QualType U = AT->getDeducedType();
          CanQualType UCanon = Context.getCanonicalType(U);
          if (Deduced.isNull()) {
            Deduced = U;
            DeducedCanon = UCanon;
            DeducedDecl = D;
          } else if (DeducedCanon != UCanon) {
            Diag(D->getTypeSourceInfo()->getTypeLoc().getBeginLoc(),
                 diag::err_auto_different_deductions)
              << Deduced << DeducedDecl->getDeclName()
              << U << D->getDeclName()
              << DeducedDecl->getInit()->getSourceRange()
              << D->getInit()->getSourceRange();
            D->setInvalidDecl();
            break;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  return DeclGroupPtrTy::make(DeclGroupRef::Create(Context, Group, NumDecls));
}


/// ActOnParamDeclarator - Called from Parser::ParseFunctionDeclarator()
/// to introduce parameters into function prototype scope.
Decl *Sema::ActOnParamDeclarator(Scope *S, Declarator &D) {
  const DeclSpec &DS = D.getDeclSpec();

  // Verify C99 6.7.5.3p2: The only SCS allowed is 'register'.
  VarDecl::StorageClass StorageClass = SC_None;
  VarDecl::StorageClass StorageClassAsWritten = SC_None;
  if (DS.getStorageClassSpec() == DeclSpec::SCS_register) {
    StorageClass = SC_Register;
    StorageClassAsWritten = SC_Register;
  } else if (DS.getStorageClassSpec() != DeclSpec::SCS_unspecified) {
    Diag(DS.getStorageClassSpecLoc(),
         diag::err_invalid_storage_class_in_func_decl);
    D.getMutableDeclSpec().ClearStorageClassSpecs();
  }

  if (D.getDeclSpec().isThreadSpecified())
    Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getThreadSpecLoc(), diag::err_invalid_thread);

  DiagnoseFunctionSpecifiers(D);

  TagDecl *OwnedDecl = 0;
  TypeSourceInfo *TInfo = GetTypeForDeclarator(D, S, &OwnedDecl);
  QualType parmDeclType = TInfo->getType();

  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    // Check that there are no default arguments inside the type of this
    // parameter.
    CheckExtraCXXDefaultArguments(D);
     
    if (OwnedDecl && OwnedDecl->isDefinition()) {
      // C++ [dcl.fct]p6:
      //   Types shall not be defined in return or parameter types.
      Diag(OwnedDecl->getLocation(), diag::err_type_defined_in_param_type)
        << Context.getTypeDeclType(OwnedDecl);
    }
    
    // Parameter declarators cannot be qualified (C++ [dcl.meaning]p1).
    if (D.getCXXScopeSpec().isSet()) {
      Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_qualified_param_declarator)
        << D.getCXXScopeSpec().getRange();
      D.getCXXScopeSpec().clear();
    }
  }

  // Ensure we have a valid name
  IdentifierInfo *II = 0;
  if (D.hasName()) {
    II = D.getIdentifier();
    if (!II) {
      Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_bad_parameter_name)
        << GetNameForDeclarator(D).getName().getAsString();
      D.setInvalidType(true);
    }
  }

  // Check for redeclaration of parameters, e.g. int foo(int x, int x);
  if (II) {
    LookupResult R(*this, II, D.getIdentifierLoc(), LookupOrdinaryName,
                   ForRedeclaration);
    LookupName(R, S);
    if (R.isSingleResult()) {
      NamedDecl *PrevDecl = R.getFoundDecl();
      if (PrevDecl->isTemplateParameter()) {
        // Maybe we will complain about the shadowed template parameter.
        DiagnoseTemplateParameterShadow(D.getIdentifierLoc(), PrevDecl);
        // Just pretend that we didn't see the previous declaration.
        PrevDecl = 0;
      } else if (S->isDeclScope(PrevDecl)) {
        Diag(D.getIdentifierLoc(), diag::err_param_redefinition) << II;
        Diag(PrevDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_declaration);

        // Recover by removing the name
        II = 0;
        D.SetIdentifier(0, D.getIdentifierLoc());
        D.setInvalidType(true);
      }
    }
  }

  // Temporarily put parameter variables in the translation unit, not
  // the enclosing context.  This prevents them from accidentally
  // looking like class members in C++.
  ParmVarDecl *New = CheckParameter(Context.getTranslationUnitDecl(),
                                    TInfo, parmDeclType, II, 
                                    D.getIdentifierLoc(),
                                    StorageClass, StorageClassAsWritten);

  if (D.isInvalidType())
    New->setInvalidDecl();  
  
  // Add the parameter declaration into this scope.
  S->AddDecl(New);
  if (II)
    IdResolver.AddDecl(New);

  ProcessDeclAttributes(S, New, D);

  if (New->hasAttr<BlocksAttr>()) {
    Diag(New->getLocation(), diag::err_block_on_nonlocal);
  }
  return New;
}

/// \brief Synthesizes a variable for a parameter arising from a
/// typedef.
ParmVarDecl *Sema::BuildParmVarDeclForTypedef(DeclContext *DC,
                                              SourceLocation Loc,
                                              QualType T) {
  ParmVarDecl *Param = ParmVarDecl::Create(Context, DC, Loc, 0,
                                T, Context.getTrivialTypeSourceInfo(T, Loc),
                                           SC_None, SC_None, 0);
  Param->setImplicit();
  return Param;
}

void Sema::DiagnoseUnusedParameters(ParmVarDecl * const *Param,
                                    ParmVarDecl * const *ParamEnd) {
  // Don't diagnose unused-parameter errors in template instantiations; we
  // will already have done so in the template itself.
  if (!ActiveTemplateInstantiations.empty())
    return;

  for (; Param != ParamEnd; ++Param) {
    if (!(*Param)->isUsed() && (*Param)->getDeclName() &&
        !(*Param)->hasAttr<UnusedAttr>()) {
      Diag((*Param)->getLocation(), diag::warn_unused_parameter)
        << (*Param)->getDeclName();
    }
  }
}

void Sema::DiagnoseSizeOfParametersAndReturnValue(ParmVarDecl * const *Param,
                                                  ParmVarDecl * const *ParamEnd,
                                                  QualType ReturnTy,
                                                  NamedDecl *D) {
  if (LangOpts.NumLargeByValueCopy == 0) // No check.
    return;

  // Warn if the return value is pass-by-value and larger than the specified
  // threshold.
  if (ReturnTy->isPODType()) {
    unsigned Size = Context.getTypeSizeInChars(ReturnTy).getQuantity();
    if (Size > LangOpts.NumLargeByValueCopy)
      Diag(D->getLocation(), diag::warn_return_value_size)
          << D->getDeclName() << Size;
  }

  // Warn if any parameter is pass-by-value and larger than the specified
  // threshold.
  for (; Param != ParamEnd; ++Param) {
    QualType T = (*Param)->getType();
    if (!T->isPODType())
      continue;
    unsigned Size = Context.getTypeSizeInChars(T).getQuantity();
    if (Size > LangOpts.NumLargeByValueCopy)
      Diag((*Param)->getLocation(), diag::warn_parameter_size)
          << (*Param)->getDeclName() << Size;
  }
}

ParmVarDecl *Sema::CheckParameter(DeclContext *DC, 
                                  TypeSourceInfo *TSInfo, QualType T,
                                  IdentifierInfo *Name,
                                  SourceLocation NameLoc,
                                  VarDecl::StorageClass StorageClass,
                                  VarDecl::StorageClass StorageClassAsWritten) {
  ParmVarDecl *New = ParmVarDecl::Create(Context, DC, NameLoc, Name,
                                         adjustParameterType(T), TSInfo, 
                                         StorageClass, StorageClassAsWritten,
                                         0);

  // Parameters can not be abstract class types.
  // For record types, this is done by the AbstractClassUsageDiagnoser once
  // the class has been completely parsed.
  if (!CurContext->isRecord() &&
      RequireNonAbstractType(NameLoc, T, diag::err_abstract_type_in_decl,
                             AbstractParamType))
    New->setInvalidDecl();

  // Parameter declarators cannot be interface types. All ObjC objects are
  // passed by reference.
  if (T->isObjCObjectType()) {
    Diag(NameLoc,
         diag::err_object_cannot_be_passed_returned_by_value) << 1 << T;
    New->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  // ISO/IEC TR 18037 S6.7.3: "The type of an object with automatic storage 
  // duration shall not be qualified by an address-space qualifier."
  // Since all parameters have automatic store duration, they can not have
  // an address space.
  if (T.getAddressSpace() != 0) {
    Diag(NameLoc, diag::err_arg_with_address_space);
    New->setInvalidDecl();
  }   

  return New;
}

void Sema::ActOnFinishKNRParamDeclarations(Scope *S, Declarator &D,
                                           SourceLocation LocAfterDecls) {
  DeclaratorChunk::FunctionTypeInfo &FTI = D.getFunctionTypeInfo();

  // Verify 6.9.1p6: 'every identifier in the identifier list shall be declared'
  // for a K&R function.
  if (!FTI.hasPrototype) {
    for (int i = FTI.NumArgs; i != 0; /* decrement in loop */) {
      --i;
      if (FTI.ArgInfo[i].Param == 0) {
        llvm::SmallString<256> Code;
        llvm::raw_svector_ostream(Code) << "  int "
                                        << FTI.ArgInfo[i].Ident->getName()
                                        << ";\n";
        Diag(FTI.ArgInfo[i].IdentLoc, diag::ext_param_not_declared)
          << FTI.ArgInfo[i].Ident
          << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(LocAfterDecls, Code.str());

        // Implicitly declare the argument as type 'int' for lack of a better
        // type.
        DeclSpec DS;
        const char* PrevSpec; // unused
        unsigned DiagID; // unused
        DS.SetTypeSpecType(DeclSpec::TST_int, FTI.ArgInfo[i].IdentLoc,
                           PrevSpec, DiagID);
        Declarator ParamD(DS, Declarator::KNRTypeListContext);
        ParamD.SetIdentifier(FTI.ArgInfo[i].Ident, FTI.ArgInfo[i].IdentLoc);
        FTI.ArgInfo[i].Param = ActOnParamDeclarator(S, ParamD);
      }
    }
  }
}

Decl *Sema::ActOnStartOfFunctionDef(Scope *FnBodyScope,
                                         Declarator &D) {
  assert(getCurFunctionDecl() == 0 && "Function parsing confused");
  assert(D.isFunctionDeclarator() && "Not a function declarator!");
  Scope *ParentScope = FnBodyScope->getParent();

  Decl *DP = HandleDeclarator(ParentScope, D,
                              MultiTemplateParamsArg(*this),
                              /*IsFunctionDefinition=*/true);
  return ActOnStartOfFunctionDef(FnBodyScope, DP);
}

static bool ShouldWarnAboutMissingPrototype(const FunctionDecl *FD) {
  // Don't warn about invalid declarations.
  if (FD->isInvalidDecl())
    return false;

  // Or declarations that aren't global.
  if (!FD->isGlobal())
    return false;

  // Don't warn about C++ member functions.
  if (isa<CXXMethodDecl>(FD))
    return false;

  // Don't warn about 'main'.
  if (FD->isMain())
    return false;

  // Don't warn about inline functions.
  if (FD->isInlineSpecified())
    return false;

  // Don't warn about function templates.
  if (FD->getDescribedFunctionTemplate())
    return false;

  // Don't warn about function template specializations.
  if (FD->isFunctionTemplateSpecialization())
    return false;

  bool MissingPrototype = true;
  for (const FunctionDecl *Prev = FD->getPreviousDeclaration();
       Prev; Prev = Prev->getPreviousDeclaration()) {
    // Ignore any declarations that occur in function or method
    // scope, because they aren't visible from the header.
    if (Prev->getDeclContext()->isFunctionOrMethod())
      continue;
      
    MissingPrototype = !Prev->getType()->isFunctionProtoType();
    break;
  }
    
  return MissingPrototype;
}

Decl *Sema::ActOnStartOfFunctionDef(Scope *FnBodyScope, Decl *D) {
  // Clear the last template instantiation error context.
  LastTemplateInstantiationErrorContext = ActiveTemplateInstantiation();
  
  if (!D)
    return D;
  FunctionDecl *FD = 0;

  if (FunctionTemplateDecl *FunTmpl = dyn_cast<FunctionTemplateDecl>(D))
    FD = FunTmpl->getTemplatedDecl();
  else
    FD = cast<FunctionDecl>(D);

  // Enter a new function scope
  PushFunctionScope();

  // See if this is a redefinition.
  // But don't complain if we're in GNU89 mode and the previous definition
  // was an extern inline function.
  const FunctionDecl *Definition;
  if (FD->hasBody(Definition) &&
      !canRedefineFunction(Definition, getLangOptions())) {
    if (getLangOptions().GNUMode && Definition->isInlineSpecified() &&
        Definition->getStorageClass() == SC_Extern)
      Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::err_redefinition_extern_inline)
        << FD->getDeclName() << getLangOptions().CPlusPlus;
    else
      Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::err_redefinition) << FD->getDeclName();
    Diag(Definition->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
  }

  // Builtin functions cannot be defined.
  if (unsigned BuiltinID = FD->getBuiltinID()) {
    if (!Context.BuiltinInfo.isPredefinedLibFunction(BuiltinID)) {
      Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::err_builtin_definition) << FD;
      FD->setInvalidDecl();
    }
  }

  // The return type of a function definition must be complete
  // (C99 6.9.1p3, C++ [dcl.fct]p6).
  QualType ResultType = FD->getResultType();
  if (!ResultType->isDependentType() && !ResultType->isVoidType() &&
      !FD->isInvalidDecl() &&
      RequireCompleteType(FD->getLocation(), ResultType,
                          diag::err_func_def_incomplete_result))
    FD->setInvalidDecl();

  // GNU warning -Wmissing-prototypes:
  //   Warn if a global function is defined without a previous
  //   prototype declaration. This warning is issued even if the
  //   definition itself provides a prototype. The aim is to detect
  //   global functions that fail to be declared in header files.
  if (ShouldWarnAboutMissingPrototype(FD))
    Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::warn_missing_prototype) << FD;

  if (FnBodyScope)
    PushDeclContext(FnBodyScope, FD);

  // Check the validity of our function parameters
  CheckParmsForFunctionDef(FD->param_begin(), FD->param_end(),
                           /*CheckParameterNames=*/true);

  // Introduce our parameters into the function scope
  for (unsigned p = 0, NumParams = FD->getNumParams(); p < NumParams; ++p) {
    ParmVarDecl *Param = FD->getParamDecl(p);
    Param->setOwningFunction(FD);

    // If this has an identifier, add it to the scope stack.
    if (Param->getIdentifier() && FnBodyScope) {
      CheckShadow(FnBodyScope, Param);

      PushOnScopeChains(Param, FnBodyScope);
    }
  }

  // Checking attributes of current function definition
  // dllimport attribute.
  DLLImportAttr *DA = FD->getAttr<DLLImportAttr>();
  if (DA && (!FD->getAttr<DLLExportAttr>())) {
    // dllimport attribute cannot be directly applied to definition.
    if (!DA->isInherited()) {
      Diag(FD->getLocation(),
           diag::err_attribute_can_be_applied_only_to_symbol_declaration)
        << "dllimport";
      FD->setInvalidDecl();
      return FD;
    }

    // Visual C++ appears to not think this is an issue, so only issue
    // a warning when Microsoft extensions are disabled.
    if (!LangOpts.Microsoft) {
      // If a symbol previously declared dllimport is later defined, the
      // attribute is ignored in subsequent references, and a warning is
      // emitted.
      Diag(FD->getLocation(),
           diag::warn_redeclaration_without_attribute_prev_attribute_ignored)
        << FD->getName() << "dllimport";
    }
  }
  return FD;
}

/// \brief Given the set of return statements within a function body,
/// compute the variables that are subject to the named return value 
/// optimization.
///
/// Each of the variables that is subject to the named return value 
/// optimization will be marked as NRVO variables in the AST, and any
/// return statement that has a marked NRVO variable as its NRVO candidate can
/// use the named return value optimization.
///
/// This function applies a very simplistic algorithm for NRVO: if every return
/// statement in the function has the same NRVO candidate, that candidate is
/// the NRVO variable.
///
/// FIXME: Employ a smarter algorithm that accounts for multiple return 
/// statements and the lifetimes of the NRVO candidates. We should be able to
/// find a maximal set of NRVO variables.
static void ComputeNRVO(Stmt *Body, FunctionScopeInfo *Scope) {
  ReturnStmt **Returns = Scope->Returns.data();

  const VarDecl *NRVOCandidate = 0;
  for (unsigned I = 0, E = Scope->Returns.size(); I != E; ++I) {
    if (!Returns[I]->getNRVOCandidate())
      return;
    
    if (!NRVOCandidate)
      NRVOCandidate = Returns[I]->getNRVOCandidate();
    else if (NRVOCandidate != Returns[I]->getNRVOCandidate())
      return;
  }
  
  if (NRVOCandidate)
    const_cast<VarDecl*>(NRVOCandidate)->setNRVOVariable(true);
}

Decl *Sema::ActOnFinishFunctionBody(Decl *D, Stmt *BodyArg) {
  return ActOnFinishFunctionBody(D, move(BodyArg), false);
}

Decl *Sema::ActOnFinishFunctionBody(Decl *dcl, Stmt *Body,
                                    bool IsInstantiation) {
  FunctionDecl *FD = 0;
  FunctionTemplateDecl *FunTmpl = dyn_cast_or_null<FunctionTemplateDecl>(dcl);
  if (FunTmpl)
    FD = FunTmpl->getTemplatedDecl();
  else
    FD = dyn_cast_or_null<FunctionDecl>(dcl);

  sema::AnalysisBasedWarnings::Policy WP = AnalysisWarnings.getDefaultPolicy();
  sema::AnalysisBasedWarnings::Policy *ActivePolicy = 0;

  if (FD) {
    FD->setBody(Body);
    if (FD->isMain()) {
      // C and C++ allow for main to automagically return 0.
      // Implements C++ [basic.start.main]p5 and C99 5.1.2.2.3.
      FD->setHasImplicitReturnZero(true);
      WP.disableCheckFallThrough();
    }

    if (!FD->isInvalidDecl()) {
      DiagnoseUnusedParameters(FD->param_begin(), FD->param_end());
      DiagnoseSizeOfParametersAndReturnValue(FD->param_begin(), FD->param_end(),
                                             FD->getResultType(), FD);
      
      // If this is a constructor, we need a vtable.
      if (CXXConstructorDecl *Constructor = dyn_cast<CXXConstructorDecl>(FD))
        MarkVTableUsed(FD->getLocation(), Constructor->getParent());
      
      ComputeNRVO(Body, getCurFunction());
    }
    
    assert(FD == getCurFunctionDecl() && "Function parsing confused");
  } else if (ObjCMethodDecl *MD = dyn_cast_or_null<ObjCMethodDecl>(dcl)) {
    assert(MD == getCurMethodDecl() && "Method parsing confused");
    MD->setBody(Body);
    if (Body)
      MD->setEndLoc(Body->getLocEnd());
    if (!MD->isInvalidDecl()) {
      DiagnoseUnusedParameters(MD->param_begin(), MD->param_end());
      DiagnoseSizeOfParametersAndReturnValue(MD->param_begin(), MD->param_end(),
                                             MD->getResultType(), MD);
    }
  } else {
    return 0;
  }

  // Verify and clean out per-function state.
  if (Body) {
    // C++ constructors that have function-try-blocks can't have return
    // statements in the handlers of that block. (C++ [except.handle]p14)
    // Verify this.
    if (FD && isa<CXXConstructorDecl>(FD) && isa<CXXTryStmt>(Body))
      DiagnoseReturnInConstructorExceptionHandler(cast<CXXTryStmt>(Body));
    
    // Verify that that gotos and switch cases don't jump into scopes illegally.
    // Verify that that gotos and switch cases don't jump into scopes illegally.
    if (getCurFunction()->NeedsScopeChecking() &&
        !dcl->isInvalidDecl() &&
        !hasAnyErrorsInThisFunction())
      DiagnoseInvalidJumps(Body);

    if (CXXDestructorDecl *Destructor = dyn_cast<CXXDestructorDecl>(dcl)) {
      if (!Destructor->getParent()->isDependentType())
        CheckDestructor(Destructor);

      MarkBaseAndMemberDestructorsReferenced(Destructor->getLocation(),
                                             Destructor->getParent());
    }
    
    // If any errors have occurred, clear out any temporaries that may have
    // been leftover. This ensures that these temporaries won't be picked up for
    // deletion in some later function.
    if (PP.getDiagnostics().hasErrorOccurred())
      ExprTemporaries.clear();
    else if (!isa<FunctionTemplateDecl>(dcl)) {
      // Since the body is valid, issue any analysis-based warnings that are
      // enabled.
      ActivePolicy = &WP;
    }

    assert(ExprTemporaries.empty() && "Leftover temporaries in function");
  }
  
  if (!IsInstantiation)
    PopDeclContext();

  PopFunctionOrBlockScope(ActivePolicy, dcl);
  
  // If any errors have occurred, clear out any temporaries that may have
  // been leftover. This ensures that these temporaries won't be picked up for
  // deletion in some later function.
  if (getDiagnostics().hasErrorOccurred())
    ExprTemporaries.clear();

  return dcl;
}

/// ImplicitlyDefineFunction - An undeclared identifier was used in a function
/// call, forming a call to an implicitly defined function (per C99 6.5.1p2).
NamedDecl *Sema::ImplicitlyDefineFunction(SourceLocation Loc,
                                          IdentifierInfo &II, Scope *S) {
  // Before we produce a declaration for an implicitly defined
  // function, see whether there was a locally-scoped declaration of
  // this name as a function or variable. If so, use that
  // (non-visible) declaration, and complain about it.
  llvm::DenseMap<DeclarationName, NamedDecl *>::iterator Pos
    = LocallyScopedExternalDecls.find(&II);
  if (Pos != LocallyScopedExternalDecls.end()) {
    Diag(Loc, diag::warn_use_out_of_scope_declaration) << Pos->second;
    Diag(Pos->second->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_declaration);
    return Pos->second;
  }

  // Extension in C99.  Legal in C90, but warn about it.
  if (II.getName().startswith("__builtin_"))
    Diag(Loc, diag::warn_builtin_unknown) << &II;
  else if (getLangOptions().C99)
    Diag(Loc, diag::ext_implicit_function_decl) << &II;
  else
    Diag(Loc, diag::warn_implicit_function_decl) << &II;

  // Set a Declarator for the implicit definition: int foo();
  const char *Dummy;
  DeclSpec DS;
  unsigned DiagID;
  bool Error = DS.SetTypeSpecType(DeclSpec::TST_int, Loc, Dummy, DiagID);
  (void)Error; // Silence warning.
  assert(!Error && "Error setting up implicit decl!");
  Declarator D(DS, Declarator::BlockContext);
  D.AddTypeInfo(DeclaratorChunk::getFunction(ParsedAttributes(),
                                             false, false, SourceLocation(), 0,
                                             0, 0, true, SourceLocation(),
                                             false, SourceLocation(),
                                             false, 0,0,0, Loc, Loc, D),
                SourceLocation());
  D.SetIdentifier(&II, Loc);

  // Insert this function into translation-unit scope.

  DeclContext *PrevDC = CurContext;
  CurContext = Context.getTranslationUnitDecl();

  FunctionDecl *FD = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(ActOnDeclarator(TUScope, D));
  FD->setImplicit();

  CurContext = PrevDC;

  AddKnownFunctionAttributes(FD);

  return FD;
}

/// \brief Adds any function attributes that we know a priori based on
/// the declaration of this function.
///
/// These attributes can apply both to implicitly-declared builtins
/// (like __builtin___printf_chk) or to library-declared functions
/// like NSLog or printf.
void Sema::AddKnownFunctionAttributes(FunctionDecl *FD) {
  if (FD->isInvalidDecl())
    return;

  // If this is a built-in function, map its builtin attributes to
  // actual attributes.
  if (unsigned BuiltinID = FD->getBuiltinID()) {
    // Handle printf-formatting attributes.
    unsigned FormatIdx;
    bool HasVAListArg;
    if (Context.BuiltinInfo.isPrintfLike(BuiltinID, FormatIdx, HasVAListArg)) {
      if (!FD->getAttr<FormatAttr>())
        FD->addAttr(::new (Context) FormatAttr(FD->getLocation(), Context,
                                                "printf", FormatIdx+1,
                                               HasVAListArg ? 0 : FormatIdx+2));
    }
    if (Context.BuiltinInfo.isScanfLike(BuiltinID, FormatIdx,
                                             HasVAListArg)) {
     if (!FD->getAttr<FormatAttr>())
       FD->addAttr(::new (Context) FormatAttr(FD->getLocation(), Context,
                                              "scanf", FormatIdx+1,
                                              HasVAListArg ? 0 : FormatIdx+2));
    }

    // Mark const if we don't care about errno and that is the only
    // thing preventing the function from being const. This allows
    // IRgen to use LLVM intrinsics for such functions.
    if (!getLangOptions().MathErrno &&
        Context.BuiltinInfo.isConstWithoutErrno(BuiltinID)) {
      if (!FD->getAttr<ConstAttr>())
        FD->addAttr(::new (Context) ConstAttr(FD->getLocation(), Context));
    }

    if (Context.BuiltinInfo.isNoThrow(BuiltinID))
      FD->addAttr(::new (Context) NoThrowAttr(FD->getLocation(), Context));
    if (Context.BuiltinInfo.isConst(BuiltinID))
      FD->addAttr(::new (Context) ConstAttr(FD->getLocation(), Context));
  }

  IdentifierInfo *Name = FD->getIdentifier();
  if (!Name)
    return;
  if ((!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus &&
       FD->getDeclContext()->isTranslationUnit()) ||
      (isa<LinkageSpecDecl>(FD->getDeclContext()) &&
       cast<LinkageSpecDecl>(FD->getDeclContext())->getLanguage() ==
       LinkageSpecDecl::lang_c)) {
    // Okay: this could be a libc/libm/Objective-C function we know
    // about.
  } else
    return;

  if (Name->isStr("NSLog") || Name->isStr("NSLogv")) {
    // FIXME: NSLog and NSLogv should be target specific
    if (const FormatAttr *Format = FD->getAttr<FormatAttr>()) {
      // FIXME: We known better than our headers.
      const_cast<FormatAttr *>(Format)->setType(Context, "printf");
    } else
      FD->addAttr(::new (Context) FormatAttr(FD->getLocation(), Context,
                                             "printf", 1,
                                             Name->isStr("NSLogv") ? 0 : 2));
  } else if (Name->isStr("asprintf") || Name->isStr("vasprintf")) {
    // FIXME: asprintf and vasprintf aren't C99 functions. Should they be
    // target-specific builtins, perhaps?
    if (!FD->getAttr<FormatAttr>())
      FD->addAttr(::new (Context) FormatAttr(FD->getLocation(), Context,
                                             "printf", 2,
                                             Name->isStr("vasprintf") ? 0 : 3));
  }
}

TypedefDecl *Sema::ParseTypedefDecl(Scope *S, Declarator &D, QualType T,
                                    TypeSourceInfo *TInfo) {
  assert(D.getIdentifier() && "Wrong callback for declspec without declarator");
  assert(!T.isNull() && "GetTypeForDeclarator() returned null type");

  if (!TInfo) {
    assert(D.isInvalidType() && "no declarator info for valid type");
    TInfo = Context.getTrivialTypeSourceInfo(T);
  }

  // Scope manipulation handled by caller.
  TypedefDecl *NewTD = TypedefDecl::Create(Context, CurContext,
                                           D.getIdentifierLoc(),
                                           D.getIdentifier(),
                                           TInfo);

  // Bail out immediately if we have an invalid declaration.
  if (D.isInvalidType()) {
    NewTD->setInvalidDecl();
    return NewTD;
  }

  // C++ [dcl.typedef]p8:
  //   If the typedef declaration defines an unnamed class (or
  //   enum), the first typedef-name declared by the declaration
  //   to be that class type (or enum type) is used to denote the
  //   class type (or enum type) for linkage purposes only.
  // We need to check whether the type was declared in the declaration.
  switch (D.getDeclSpec().getTypeSpecType()) {
  case TST_enum:
  case TST_struct:
  case TST_union:
  case TST_class: {
    TagDecl *tagFromDeclSpec = cast<TagDecl>(D.getDeclSpec().getRepAsDecl());

    // Do nothing if the tag is not anonymous or already has an
    // associated typedef (from an earlier typedef in this decl group).
    if (tagFromDeclSpec->getIdentifier()) break;
    if (tagFromDeclSpec->getTypedefForAnonDecl()) break;

    // A well-formed anonymous tag must always be a TUK_Definition.
    assert(tagFromDeclSpec->isThisDeclarationADefinition());

    // The type must match the tag exactly;  no qualifiers allowed.
    if (!Context.hasSameType(T, Context.getTagDeclType(tagFromDeclSpec)))
      break;

    // Otherwise, set this is the anon-decl typedef for the tag.
    tagFromDeclSpec->setTypedefForAnonDecl(NewTD);
    break;
  }
    
  default:
    break;
  }

  return NewTD;
}


/// \brief Determine whether a tag with a given kind is acceptable
/// as a redeclaration of the given tag declaration.
///
/// \returns true if the new tag kind is acceptable, false otherwise.
bool Sema::isAcceptableTagRedeclaration(const TagDecl *Previous,
                                        TagTypeKind NewTag,
                                        SourceLocation NewTagLoc,
                                        const IdentifierInfo &Name) {
  // C++ [dcl.type.elab]p3:
  //   The class-key or enum keyword present in the
  //   elaborated-type-specifier shall agree in kind with the
  //   declaration to which the name in the elaborated-type-specifier
  //   refers. This rule also applies to the form of
  //   elaborated-type-specifier that declares a class-name or
  //   friend class since it can be construed as referring to the
  //   definition of the class. Thus, in any
  //   elaborated-type-specifier, the enum keyword shall be used to
  //   refer to an enumeration (7.2), the union class-key shall be
  //   used to refer to a union (clause 9), and either the class or
  //   struct class-key shall be used to refer to a class (clause 9)
  //   declared using the class or struct class-key.
  TagTypeKind OldTag = Previous->getTagKind();
  if (OldTag == NewTag)
    return true;

  if ((OldTag == TTK_Struct || OldTag == TTK_Class) &&
      (NewTag == TTK_Struct || NewTag == TTK_Class)) {
    // Warn about the struct/class tag mismatch.
    bool isTemplate = false;
    if (const CXXRecordDecl *Record = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(Previous))
      isTemplate = Record->getDescribedClassTemplate();

    Diag(NewTagLoc, diag::warn_struct_class_tag_mismatch)
      << (NewTag == TTK_Class)
      << isTemplate << &Name
      << FixItHint::CreateReplacement(SourceRange(NewTagLoc),
                              OldTag == TTK_Class? "class" : "struct");
    Diag(Previous->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_use);
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

/// ActOnTag - This is invoked when we see 'struct foo' or 'struct {'.  In the
/// former case, Name will be non-null.  In the later case, Name will be null.
/// TagSpec indicates what kind of tag this is. TUK indicates whether this is a
/// reference/declaration/definition of a tag.
Decl *Sema::ActOnTag(Scope *S, unsigned TagSpec, TagUseKind TUK,
                     SourceLocation KWLoc, CXXScopeSpec &SS,
                     IdentifierInfo *Name, SourceLocation NameLoc,
                     AttributeList *Attr, AccessSpecifier AS,
                     MultiTemplateParamsArg TemplateParameterLists,
                     bool &OwnedDecl, bool &IsDependent,
                     bool ScopedEnum, bool ScopedEnumUsesClassTag,
                     TypeResult UnderlyingType) {
  // If this is not a definition, it must have a name.
  assert((Name != 0 || TUK == TUK_Definition) &&
         "Nameless record must be a definition!");
  assert(TemplateParameterLists.size() == 0 || TUK != TUK_Reference);

  OwnedDecl = false;
  TagTypeKind Kind = TypeWithKeyword::getTagTypeKindForTypeSpec(TagSpec);

  // FIXME: Check explicit specializations more carefully.
  bool isExplicitSpecialization = false;
  unsigned NumMatchedTemplateParamLists = TemplateParameterLists.size();
  bool Invalid = false;

  // We only need to do this matching if we have template parameters
  // or a scope specifier, which also conveniently avoids this work
  // for non-C++ cases.
  if (NumMatchedTemplateParamLists ||
      (SS.isNotEmpty() && TUK != TUK_Reference)) {
    if (TemplateParameterList *TemplateParams
          = MatchTemplateParametersToScopeSpecifier(KWLoc, SS,
                                                TemplateParameterLists.get(),
                                               TemplateParameterLists.size(),
                                                    TUK == TUK_Friend,
                                                    isExplicitSpecialization,
                                                    Invalid)) {
      // All but one template parameter lists have been matching.
      --NumMatchedTemplateParamLists;

      if (TemplateParams->size() > 0) {
        // This is a declaration or definition of a class template (which may
        // be a member of another template).
        if (Invalid)
          return 0;
        
        OwnedDecl = false;
        DeclResult Result = CheckClassTemplate(S, TagSpec, TUK, KWLoc,
                                               SS, Name, NameLoc, Attr,
                                               TemplateParams,
                                               AS);
        TemplateParameterLists.release();
        return Result.get();
      } else {
        // The "template<>" header is extraneous.
        Diag(TemplateParams->getTemplateLoc(), diag::err_template_tag_noparams)
          << TypeWithKeyword::getTagTypeKindName(Kind) << Name;
        isExplicitSpecialization = true;
      }
    }
  }

  // Figure out the underlying type if this a enum declaration. We need to do
  // this early, because it's needed to detect if this is an incompatible
  // redeclaration.
  llvm::PointerUnion<const Type*, TypeSourceInfo*> EnumUnderlying;

  if (Kind == TTK_Enum) {
    if (UnderlyingType.isInvalid() || (!UnderlyingType.get() && ScopedEnum))
      // No underlying type explicitly specified, or we failed to parse the
      // type, default to int.
      EnumUnderlying = Context.IntTy.getTypePtr();
    else if (UnderlyingType.get()) {
      // C++0x 7.2p2: The type-specifier-seq of an enum-base shall name an
      // integral type; any cv-qualification is ignored.
      TypeSourceInfo *TI = 0;
      QualType T = GetTypeFromParser(UnderlyingType.get(), &TI);
      EnumUnderlying = TI;

      SourceLocation UnderlyingLoc = TI->getTypeLoc().getBeginLoc();

      if (!T->isDependentType() && !T->isIntegralType(Context)) {
        Diag(UnderlyingLoc, diag::err_enum_invalid_underlying)
          << T;
        // Recover by falling back to int.
        EnumUnderlying = Context.IntTy.getTypePtr();
      }

      if (DiagnoseUnexpandedParameterPack(UnderlyingLoc, TI, 
                                          UPPC_FixedUnderlyingType))
        EnumUnderlying = Context.IntTy.getTypePtr();

    } else if (getLangOptions().Microsoft)
      // Microsoft enums are always of int type.
      EnumUnderlying = Context.IntTy.getTypePtr();
  }

  DeclContext *SearchDC = CurContext;
  DeclContext *DC = CurContext;
  bool isStdBadAlloc = false;

  RedeclarationKind Redecl = ForRedeclaration;
  if (TUK == TUK_Friend || TUK == TUK_Reference)
    Redecl = NotForRedeclaration;

  LookupResult Previous(*this, Name, NameLoc, LookupTagName, Redecl);

  if (Name && SS.isNotEmpty()) {
    // We have a nested-name tag ('struct foo::bar').

    // Check for invalid 'foo::'.
    if (SS.isInvalid()) {
      Name = 0;
      goto CreateNewDecl;
    }

    // If this is a friend or a reference to a class in a dependent
    // context, don't try to make a decl for it.
    if (TUK == TUK_Friend || TUK == TUK_Reference) {
      DC = computeDeclContext(SS, false);
      if (!DC) {
        IsDependent = true;
        return 0;
      }
    } else {
      DC = computeDeclContext(SS, true);
      if (!DC) {
        Diag(SS.getRange().getBegin(), diag::err_dependent_nested_name_spec)
          << SS.getRange();
        return 0;
      }
    }

    if (RequireCompleteDeclContext(SS, DC))
      return 0;

    SearchDC = DC;
    // Look-up name inside 'foo::'.
    LookupQualifiedName(Previous, DC);

    if (Previous.isAmbiguous())
      return 0;

    if (Previous.empty()) {
      // Name lookup did not find anything. However, if the
      // nested-name-specifier refers to the current instantiation,
      // and that current instantiation has any dependent base
      // classes, we might find something at instantiation time: treat
      // this as a dependent elaborated-type-specifier.
      // But this only makes any sense for reference-like lookups.
      if (Previous.wasNotFoundInCurrentInstantiation() &&
          (TUK == TUK_Reference || TUK == TUK_Friend)) {
        IsDependent = true;
        return 0;
      }

      // A tag 'foo::bar' must already exist.
      Diag(NameLoc, diag::err_not_tag_in_scope) 
        << Kind << Name << DC << SS.getRange();
      Name = 0;
      Invalid = true;
      goto CreateNewDecl;
    }
  } else if (Name) {
    // If this is a named struct, check to see if there was a previous forward
    // declaration or definition.
    // FIXME: We're looking into outer scopes here, even when we
    // shouldn't be. Doing so can result in ambiguities that we
    // shouldn't be diagnosing.
    LookupName(Previous, S);

    // Note:  there used to be some attempt at recovery here.
    if (Previous.isAmbiguous())
      return 0;

    if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus && TUK != TUK_Reference) {
      // FIXME: This makes sure that we ignore the contexts associated
      // with C structs, unions, and enums when looking for a matching
      // tag declaration or definition. See the similar lookup tweak
      // in Sema::LookupName; is there a better way to deal with this?
      while (isa<RecordDecl>(SearchDC) || isa<EnumDecl>(SearchDC))
        SearchDC = SearchDC->getParent();
    }
  } else if (S->isFunctionPrototypeScope()) {
    // If this is an enum declaration in function prototype scope, set its
    // initial context to the translation unit.
    SearchDC = Context.getTranslationUnitDecl();
  }

  if (Previous.isSingleResult() &&
      Previous.getFoundDecl()->isTemplateParameter()) {
    // Maybe we will complain about the shadowed template parameter.
    DiagnoseTemplateParameterShadow(NameLoc, Previous.getFoundDecl());
    // Just pretend that we didn't see the previous declaration.
    Previous.clear();
  }

  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus && Name && DC && StdNamespace &&
      DC->Equals(getStdNamespace()) && Name->isStr("bad_alloc")) {
    // This is a declaration of or a reference to "std::bad_alloc".
    isStdBadAlloc = true;
    
    if (Previous.empty() && StdBadAlloc) {
      // std::bad_alloc has been implicitly declared (but made invisible to
      // name lookup). Fill in this implicit declaration as the previous 
      // declaration, so that the declarations get chained appropriately.
      Previous.addDecl(getStdBadAlloc());
    }
  }

  // If we didn't find a previous declaration, and this is a reference
  // (or friend reference), move to the correct scope.  In C++, we
  // also need to do a redeclaration lookup there, just in case
  // there's a shadow friend decl.
  if (Name && Previous.empty() &&
      (TUK == TUK_Reference || TUK == TUK_Friend)) {
    if (Invalid) goto CreateNewDecl;
    assert(SS.isEmpty());

    if (TUK == TUK_Reference) {
      // C++ [basic.scope.pdecl]p5:
      //   -- for an elaborated-type-specifier of the form
      //
      //          class-key identifier
      //
      //      if the elaborated-type-specifier is used in the
      //      decl-specifier-seq or parameter-declaration-clause of a
      //      function defined in namespace scope, the identifier is
      //      declared as a class-name in the namespace that contains
      //      the declaration; otherwise, except as a friend
      //      declaration, the identifier is declared in the smallest
      //      non-class, non-function-prototype scope that contains the
      //      declaration.
      //
      // C99 6.7.2.3p8 has a similar (but not identical!) provision for
      // C structs and unions.
      //
      // It is an error in C++ to declare (rather than define) an enum
      // type, including via an elaborated type specifier.  We'll
      // diagnose that later; for now, declare the enum in the same
      // scope as we would have picked for any other tag type.
      //
      // GNU C also supports this behavior as part of its incomplete
      // enum types extension, while GNU C++ does not.
      //
      // Find the context where we'll be declaring the tag.
      // FIXME: We would like to maintain the current DeclContext as the
      // lexical context,
      while (SearchDC->isRecord() || SearchDC->isTransparentContext())
        SearchDC = SearchDC->getParent();

      // Find the scope where we'll be declaring the tag.
      while (S->isClassScope() ||
             (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus &&
              S->isFunctionPrototypeScope()) ||
             ((S->getFlags() & Scope::DeclScope) == 0) ||
             (S->getEntity() &&
              ((DeclContext *)S->getEntity())->isTransparentContext()))
        S = S->getParent();
    } else {
      assert(TUK == TUK_Friend);
      // C++ [namespace.memdef]p3:
      //   If a friend declaration in a non-local class first declares a
      //   class or function, the friend class or function is a member of
      //   the innermost enclosing namespace.
      SearchDC = SearchDC->getEnclosingNamespaceContext();
    }

    // In C++, we need to do a redeclaration lookup to properly
    // diagnose some problems.
    if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
      Previous.setRedeclarationKind(ForRedeclaration);
      LookupQualifiedName(Previous, SearchDC);
    }
  }

  if (!Previous.empty()) {
    NamedDecl *PrevDecl = (*Previous.begin())->getUnderlyingDecl();

    // It's okay to have a tag decl in the same scope as a typedef
    // which hides a tag decl in the same scope.  Finding this
    // insanity with a redeclaration lookup can only actually happen
    // in C++.
    //
    // This is also okay for elaborated-type-specifiers, which is
    // technically forbidden by the current standard but which is
    // okay according to the likely resolution of an open issue;
    // see http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/cwg_active.html#407
    if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
      if (TypedefDecl *TD = dyn_cast<TypedefDecl>(PrevDecl)) {
        if (const TagType *TT = TD->getUnderlyingType()->getAs<TagType>()) {
          TagDecl *Tag = TT->getDecl();
          if (Tag->getDeclName() == Name &&
              Tag->getDeclContext()->getRedeclContext()
                          ->Equals(TD->getDeclContext()->getRedeclContext())) {
            PrevDecl = Tag;
            Previous.clear();
            Previous.addDecl(Tag);
            Previous.resolveKind();
          }
        }
      }
    }

    if (TagDecl *PrevTagDecl = dyn_cast<TagDecl>(PrevDecl)) {
      // If this is a use of a previous tag, or if the tag is already declared
      // in the same scope (so that the definition/declaration completes or
      // rementions the tag), reuse the decl.
      if (TUK == TUK_Reference || TUK == TUK_Friend ||
          isDeclInScope(PrevDecl, SearchDC, S)) {
        // Make sure that this wasn't declared as an enum and now used as a
        // struct or something similar.
        if (!isAcceptableTagRedeclaration(PrevTagDecl, Kind, KWLoc, *Name)) {
          bool SafeToContinue
            = (PrevTagDecl->getTagKind() != TTK_Enum &&
               Kind != TTK_Enum);
          if (SafeToContinue)
            Diag(KWLoc, diag::err_use_with_wrong_tag)
              << Name
              << FixItHint::CreateReplacement(SourceRange(KWLoc),
                                              PrevTagDecl->getKindName());
          else
            Diag(KWLoc, diag::err_use_with_wrong_tag) << Name;
          Diag(PrevTagDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_use);

          if (SafeToContinue)
            Kind = PrevTagDecl->getTagKind();
          else {
            // Recover by making this an anonymous redefinition.
            Name = 0;
            Previous.clear();
            Invalid = true;
          }
        }

        if (Kind == TTK_Enum && PrevTagDecl->getTagKind() == TTK_Enum) {
          const EnumDecl *PrevEnum = cast<EnumDecl>(PrevTagDecl);

          // All conflicts with previous declarations are recovered by
          // returning the previous declaration.
          if (ScopedEnum != PrevEnum->isScoped()) {
            Diag(KWLoc, diag::err_enum_redeclare_scoped_mismatch)
              << PrevEnum->isScoped();
            Diag(PrevTagDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_use);
            return PrevTagDecl;
          }
          else if (EnumUnderlying && PrevEnum->isFixed()) {
            QualType T;
            if (TypeSourceInfo *TI = EnumUnderlying.dyn_cast<TypeSourceInfo*>())
                T = TI->getType();
            else
                T = QualType(EnumUnderlying.get<const Type*>(), 0);

            if (!Context.hasSameUnqualifiedType(T, PrevEnum->getIntegerType())) {
              Diag(NameLoc.isValid() ? NameLoc : KWLoc, 
                   diag::err_enum_redeclare_type_mismatch)
                << T
                << PrevEnum->getIntegerType();
              Diag(PrevTagDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_use);
              return PrevTagDecl;
            }
          }
          else if (!EnumUnderlying.isNull() != PrevEnum->isFixed()) {
            Diag(KWLoc, diag::err_enum_redeclare_fixed_mismatch)
              << PrevEnum->isFixed();
            Diag(PrevTagDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_use);
            return PrevTagDecl;
          }
        }

        if (!Invalid) {
          // If this is a use, just return the declaration we found.

          // FIXME: In the future, return a variant or some other clue
          // for the consumer of this Decl to know it doesn't own it.
          // For our current ASTs this shouldn't be a problem, but will
          // need to be changed with DeclGroups.
          if ((TUK == TUK_Reference && !PrevTagDecl->getFriendObjectKind()) ||
              TUK == TUK_Friend)
            return PrevTagDecl;

          // Diagnose attempts to redefine a tag.
          if (TUK == TUK_Definition) {
            if (TagDecl *Def = PrevTagDecl->getDefinition()) {
              // If we're defining a specialization and the previous definition
              // is from an implicit instantiation, don't emit an error
              // here; we'll catch this in the general case below.
              if (!isExplicitSpecialization ||
                  !isa<CXXRecordDecl>(Def) ||
                  cast<CXXRecordDecl>(Def)->getTemplateSpecializationKind() 
                                               == TSK_ExplicitSpecialization) {
                Diag(NameLoc, diag::err_redefinition) << Name;
                Diag(Def->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
                // If this is a redefinition, recover by making this
                // struct be anonymous, which will make any later
                // references get the previous definition.
                Name = 0;
                Previous.clear();
                Invalid = true;
              }
            } else {
              // If the type is currently being defined, complain
              // about a nested redefinition.
              const TagType *Tag
                = cast<TagType>(Context.getTagDeclType(PrevTagDecl));
              if (Tag->isBeingDefined()) {
                Diag(NameLoc, diag::err_nested_redefinition) << Name;
                Diag(PrevTagDecl->getLocation(),
                     diag::note_previous_definition);
                Name = 0;
                Previous.clear();
                Invalid = true;
              }
            }

            // Okay, this is definition of a previously declared or referenced
            // tag PrevDecl. We're going to create a new Decl for it.
          }
        }
        // If we get here we have (another) forward declaration or we
        // have a definition.  Just create a new decl.

      } else {
        // If we get here, this is a definition of a new tag type in a nested
        // scope, e.g. "struct foo; void bar() { struct foo; }", just create a
        // new decl/type.  We set PrevDecl to NULL so that the entities
        // have distinct types.
        Previous.clear();
      }
      // If we get here, we're going to create a new Decl. If PrevDecl
      // is non-NULL, it's a definition of the tag declared by
      // PrevDecl. If it's NULL, we have a new definition.


    // Otherwise, PrevDecl is not a tag, but was found with tag
    // lookup.  This is only actually possible in C++, where a few
    // things like templates still live in the tag namespace.
    } else {
      assert(getLangOptions().CPlusPlus);

      // Use a better diagnostic if an elaborated-type-specifier
      // found the wrong kind of type on the first
      // (non-redeclaration) lookup.
      if ((TUK == TUK_Reference || TUK == TUK_Friend) &&
          !Previous.isForRedeclaration()) {
        unsigned Kind = 0;
        if (isa<TypedefDecl>(PrevDecl)) Kind = 1;
        else if (isa<ClassTemplateDecl>(PrevDecl)) Kind = 2;
        Diag(NameLoc, diag::err_tag_reference_non_tag) << Kind;
        Diag(PrevDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_declared_at);
        Invalid = true;

      // Otherwise, only diagnose if the declaration is in scope.
      } else if (!isDeclInScope(PrevDecl, SearchDC, S)) {
        // do nothing

      // Diagnose implicit declarations introduced by elaborated types.
      } else if (TUK == TUK_Reference || TUK == TUK_Friend) {
        unsigned Kind = 0;
        if (isa<TypedefDecl>(PrevDecl)) Kind = 1;
        else if (isa<ClassTemplateDecl>(PrevDecl)) Kind = 2;
        Diag(NameLoc, diag::err_tag_reference_conflict) << Kind;
        Diag(PrevDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_decl) << PrevDecl;
        Invalid = true;

      // Otherwise it's a declaration.  Call out a particularly common
      // case here.
      } else if (isa<TypedefDecl>(PrevDecl)) {
        Diag(NameLoc, diag::err_tag_definition_of_typedef)
          << Name
          << cast<TypedefDecl>(PrevDecl)->getUnderlyingType();
        Diag(PrevDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_decl) << PrevDecl;
        Invalid = true;

      // Otherwise, diagnose.
      } else {
        // The tag name clashes with something else in the target scope,
        // issue an error and recover by making this tag be anonymous.
        Diag(NameLoc, diag::err_redefinition_different_kind) << Name;
        Diag(PrevDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
        Name = 0;
        Invalid = true;
      }

      // The existing declaration isn't relevant to us; we're in a
      // new scope, so clear out the previous declaration.
      Previous.clear();
    }
  }

CreateNewDecl:

  TagDecl *PrevDecl = 0;
  if (Previous.isSingleResult())
    PrevDecl = cast<TagDecl>(Previous.getFoundDecl());

  // If there is an identifier, use the location of the identifier as the
  // location of the decl, otherwise use the location of the struct/union
  // keyword.
  SourceLocation Loc = NameLoc.isValid() ? NameLoc : KWLoc;

  // Otherwise, create a new declaration. If there is a previous
  // declaration of the same entity, the two will be linked via
  // PrevDecl.
  TagDecl *New;

  bool IsForwardReference = false;
  if (Kind == TTK_Enum) {
    // FIXME: Tag decls should be chained to any simultaneous vardecls, e.g.:
    // enum X { A, B, C } D;    D should chain to X.
    New = EnumDecl::Create(Context, SearchDC, Loc, Name, KWLoc,
                           cast_or_null<EnumDecl>(PrevDecl), ScopedEnum,
                           ScopedEnumUsesClassTag, !EnumUnderlying.isNull());
    // If this is an undefined enum, warn.
    if (TUK != TUK_Definition && !Invalid) {
      TagDecl *Def;
      if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus0x && cast<EnumDecl>(New)->isFixed()) {
        // C++0x: 7.2p2: opaque-enum-declaration.
        // Conflicts are diagnosed above. Do nothing.
      }
      else if (PrevDecl && (Def = cast<EnumDecl>(PrevDecl)->getDefinition())) {
        Diag(Loc, diag::ext_forward_ref_enum_def)
          << New;
        Diag(Def->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
      } else {
        unsigned DiagID = diag::ext_forward_ref_enum;
        if (getLangOptions().Microsoft)
          DiagID = diag::ext_ms_forward_ref_enum;
        else if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
          DiagID = diag::err_forward_ref_enum;
        Diag(Loc, DiagID);
        
        // If this is a forward-declared reference to an enumeration, make a 
        // note of it; we won't actually be introducing the declaration into
        // the declaration context.
        if (TUK == TUK_Reference)
          IsForwardReference = true;
      }
    }

    if (EnumUnderlying) {
      EnumDecl *ED = cast<EnumDecl>(New);
      if (TypeSourceInfo *TI = EnumUnderlying.dyn_cast<TypeSourceInfo*>())
        ED->setIntegerTypeSourceInfo(TI);
      else
        ED->setIntegerType(QualType(EnumUnderlying.get<const Type*>(), 0));
      ED->setPromotionType(ED->getIntegerType());
    }

  } else {
    // struct/union/class

    // FIXME: Tag decls should be chained to any simultaneous vardecls, e.g.:
    // struct X { int A; } D;    D should chain to X.
    if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
      // FIXME: Look for a way to use RecordDecl for simple structs.
      New = CXXRecordDecl::Create(Context, Kind, SearchDC, Loc, Name, KWLoc,
                                  cast_or_null<CXXRecordDecl>(PrevDecl));
      
      if (isStdBadAlloc && (!StdBadAlloc || getStdBadAlloc()->isImplicit()))
        StdBadAlloc = cast<CXXRecordDecl>(New);
    } else
      New = RecordDecl::Create(Context, Kind, SearchDC, Loc, Name, KWLoc,
                               cast_or_null<RecordDecl>(PrevDecl));
  }

  // Maybe add qualifier info.
  if (SS.isNotEmpty()) {
    if (SS.isSet()) {
      New->setQualifierInfo(SS.getWithLocInContext(Context));
      if (NumMatchedTemplateParamLists > 0) {
        New->setTemplateParameterListsInfo(Context,
                                           NumMatchedTemplateParamLists,
                    (TemplateParameterList**) TemplateParameterLists.release());
      }
    }
    else
      Invalid = true;
  }

  if (RecordDecl *RD = dyn_cast<RecordDecl>(New)) {
    // Add alignment attributes if necessary; these attributes are checked when
    // the ASTContext lays out the structure.
    //
    // It is important for implementing the correct semantics that this
    // happen here (in act on tag decl). The #pragma pack stack is
    // maintained as a result of parser callbacks which can occur at
    // many points during the parsing of a struct declaration (because
    // the #pragma tokens are effectively skipped over during the
    // parsing of the struct).
    AddAlignmentAttributesForRecord(RD);
  }

  // If this is a specialization of a member class (of a class template),
  // check the specialization.
  if (isExplicitSpecialization && CheckMemberSpecialization(New, Previous))
    Invalid = true;

  if (Invalid)
    New->setInvalidDecl();

  if (Attr)
    ProcessDeclAttributeList(S, New, Attr);

  // If we're declaring or defining a tag in function prototype scope
  // in C, note that this type can only be used within the function.
  if (Name && S->isFunctionPrototypeScope() && !getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
    Diag(Loc, diag::warn_decl_in_param_list) << Context.getTagDeclType(New);

  // Set the lexical context. If the tag has a C++ scope specifier, the
  // lexical context will be different from the semantic context.
  New->setLexicalDeclContext(CurContext);

  // Mark this as a friend decl if applicable.
  if (TUK == TUK_Friend)
    New->setObjectOfFriendDecl(/* PreviouslyDeclared = */ !Previous.empty());

  // Set the access specifier.
  if (!Invalid && SearchDC->isRecord())
    SetMemberAccessSpecifier(New, PrevDecl, AS);

  if (TUK == TUK_Definition)
    New->startDefinition();

  // If this has an identifier, add it to the scope stack.
  if (TUK == TUK_Friend) {
    // We might be replacing an existing declaration in the lookup tables;
    // if so, borrow its access specifier.
    if (PrevDecl)
      New->setAccess(PrevDecl->getAccess());

    DeclContext *DC = New->getDeclContext()->getRedeclContext();
    DC->makeDeclVisibleInContext(New, /* Recoverable = */ false);
    if (Name) // can be null along some error paths
      if (Scope *EnclosingScope = getScopeForDeclContext(S, DC))
        PushOnScopeChains(New, EnclosingScope, /* AddToContext = */ false);
  } else if (Name) {
    S = getNonFieldDeclScope(S);
    PushOnScopeChains(New, S, !IsForwardReference);
    if (IsForwardReference)
      SearchDC->makeDeclVisibleInContext(New, /* Recoverable = */ false);

  } else {
    CurContext->addDecl(New);
  }

  // If this is the C FILE type, notify the AST context.
  if (IdentifierInfo *II = New->getIdentifier())
    if (!New->isInvalidDecl() &&
        New->getDeclContext()->getRedeclContext()->isTranslationUnit() &&
        II->isStr("FILE"))
      Context.setFILEDecl(New);

  OwnedDecl = true;
  return New;
}

void Sema::ActOnTagStartDefinition(Scope *S, Decl *TagD) {
  AdjustDeclIfTemplate(TagD);
  TagDecl *Tag = cast<TagDecl>(TagD);
  
  // Enter the tag context.
  PushDeclContext(S, Tag);
}

void Sema::ActOnStartCXXMemberDeclarations(Scope *S, Decl *TagD,
                                           ClassVirtSpecifiers &CVS,
                                           SourceLocation LBraceLoc) {
  AdjustDeclIfTemplate(TagD);
  CXXRecordDecl *Record = cast<CXXRecordDecl>(TagD);

  FieldCollector->StartClass();

  if (!Record->getIdentifier())
    return;

  if (CVS.isFinalSpecified())
    Record->addAttr(new (Context) FinalAttr(CVS.getFinalLoc(), Context));
  if (CVS.isExplicitSpecified())
    Record->addAttr(new (Context) ExplicitAttr(CVS.getExplicitLoc(), Context));
    
  // C++ [class]p2:
  //   [...] The class-name is also inserted into the scope of the
  //   class itself; this is known as the injected-class-name. For
  //   purposes of access checking, the injected-class-name is treated
  //   as if it were a public member name.
  CXXRecordDecl *InjectedClassName
    = CXXRecordDecl::Create(Context, Record->getTagKind(),
                            CurContext, Record->getLocation(),
                            Record->getIdentifier(),
                            Record->getTagKeywordLoc(),
                            /*PrevDecl=*/0,
                            /*DelayTypeCreation=*/true);
  Context.getTypeDeclType(InjectedClassName, Record);
  InjectedClassName->setImplicit();
  InjectedClassName->setAccess(AS_public);
  if (ClassTemplateDecl *Template = Record->getDescribedClassTemplate())
      InjectedClassName->setDescribedClassTemplate(Template);
  PushOnScopeChains(InjectedClassName, S);
  assert(InjectedClassName->isInjectedClassName() &&
         "Broken injected-class-name");
}

void Sema::ActOnTagFinishDefinition(Scope *S, Decl *TagD,
                                    SourceLocation RBraceLoc) {
  AdjustDeclIfTemplate(TagD);
  TagDecl *Tag = cast<TagDecl>(TagD);
  Tag->setRBraceLoc(RBraceLoc);

  if (isa<CXXRecordDecl>(Tag))
    FieldCollector->FinishClass();

  // Exit this scope of this tag's definition.
  PopDeclContext();
                                          
  // Notify the consumer that we've defined a tag.
  Consumer.HandleTagDeclDefinition(Tag);
}

void Sema::ActOnTagDefinitionError(Scope *S, Decl *TagD) {
  AdjustDeclIfTemplate(TagD);
  TagDecl *Tag = cast<TagDecl>(TagD);
  Tag->setInvalidDecl();

  // We're undoing ActOnTagStartDefinition here, not
  // ActOnStartCXXMemberDeclarations, so we don't have to mess with
  // the FieldCollector.

  PopDeclContext();  
}

// Note that FieldName may be null for anonymous bitfields.
bool Sema::VerifyBitField(SourceLocation FieldLoc, IdentifierInfo *FieldName,
                          QualType FieldTy, const Expr *BitWidth,
                          bool *ZeroWidth) {
  // Default to true; that shouldn't confuse checks for emptiness
  if (ZeroWidth)
    *ZeroWidth = true;

  // C99 6.7.2.1p4 - verify the field type.
  // C++ 9.6p3: A bit-field shall have integral or enumeration type.
  if (!FieldTy->isDependentType() && !FieldTy->isIntegralOrEnumerationType()) {
    // Handle incomplete types with specific error.
    if (RequireCompleteType(FieldLoc, FieldTy, diag::err_field_incomplete))
      return true;
    if (FieldName)
      return Diag(FieldLoc, diag::err_not_integral_type_bitfield)
        << FieldName << FieldTy << BitWidth->getSourceRange();
    return Diag(FieldLoc, diag::err_not_integral_type_anon_bitfield)
      << FieldTy << BitWidth->getSourceRange();
  } else if (DiagnoseUnexpandedParameterPack(const_cast<Expr *>(BitWidth),
                                             UPPC_BitFieldWidth))
    return true;

  // If the bit-width is type- or value-dependent, don't try to check
  // it now.
  if (BitWidth->isValueDependent() || BitWidth->isTypeDependent())
    return false;

  llvm::APSInt Value;
  if (VerifyIntegerConstantExpression(BitWidth, &Value))
    return true;

  if (Value != 0 && ZeroWidth)
    *ZeroWidth = false;

  // Zero-width bitfield is ok for anonymous field.
  if (Value == 0 && FieldName)
    return Diag(FieldLoc, diag::err_bitfield_has_zero_width) << FieldName;

  if (Value.isSigned() && Value.isNegative()) {
    if (FieldName)
      return Diag(FieldLoc, diag::err_bitfield_has_negative_width)
               << FieldName << Value.toString(10);
    return Diag(FieldLoc, diag::err_anon_bitfield_has_negative_width)
      << Value.toString(10);
  }

  if (!FieldTy->isDependentType()) {
    uint64_t TypeSize = Context.getTypeSize(FieldTy);
    if (Value.getZExtValue() > TypeSize) {
      if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
        if (FieldName) 
          return Diag(FieldLoc, diag::err_bitfield_width_exceeds_type_size)
            << FieldName << (unsigned)Value.getZExtValue() 
            << (unsigned)TypeSize;
        
        return Diag(FieldLoc, diag::err_anon_bitfield_width_exceeds_type_size)
          << (unsigned)Value.getZExtValue() << (unsigned)TypeSize;
      }
      
      if (FieldName)
        Diag(FieldLoc, diag::warn_bitfield_width_exceeds_type_size)
          << FieldName << (unsigned)Value.getZExtValue() 
          << (unsigned)TypeSize;
      else
        Diag(FieldLoc, diag::warn_anon_bitfield_width_exceeds_type_size)
          << (unsigned)Value.getZExtValue() << (unsigned)TypeSize;        
    }
  }

  return false;
}

/// ActOnField - Each field of a struct/union/class is passed into this in order
/// to create a FieldDecl object for it.
Decl *Sema::ActOnField(Scope *S, Decl *TagD,
                                 SourceLocation DeclStart,
                                 Declarator &D, ExprTy *BitfieldWidth) {
  FieldDecl *Res = HandleField(S, cast_or_null<RecordDecl>(TagD),
                               DeclStart, D, static_cast<Expr*>(BitfieldWidth),
                               AS_public);
  return Res;
}

/// HandleField - Analyze a field of a C struct or a C++ data member.
///
FieldDecl *Sema::HandleField(Scope *S, RecordDecl *Record,
                             SourceLocation DeclStart,
                             Declarator &D, Expr *BitWidth,
                             AccessSpecifier AS) {
  IdentifierInfo *II = D.getIdentifier();
  SourceLocation Loc = DeclStart;
  if (II) Loc = D.getIdentifierLoc();

  TypeSourceInfo *TInfo = GetTypeForDeclarator(D, S);
  QualType T = TInfo->getType();
  if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    CheckExtraCXXDefaultArguments(D);

    if (DiagnoseUnexpandedParameterPack(D.getIdentifierLoc(), TInfo,
                                        UPPC_DataMemberType)) {
      D.setInvalidType();
      T = Context.IntTy;
      TInfo = Context.getTrivialTypeSourceInfo(T, Loc);
    }
  }

  DiagnoseFunctionSpecifiers(D);

  if (D.getDeclSpec().isThreadSpecified())
    Diag(D.getDeclSpec().getThreadSpecLoc(), diag::err_invalid_thread);
  
  // Check to see if this name was declared as a member previously
  LookupResult Previous(*this, II, Loc, LookupMemberName, ForRedeclaration);
  LookupName(Previous, S);
  assert((Previous.empty() || Previous.isOverloadedResult() || 
          Previous.isSingleResult()) 
    && "Lookup of member name should be either overloaded, single or null");

  // If the name is overloaded then get any declaration else get the single result
  NamedDecl *PrevDecl = Previous.isOverloadedResult() ?
    Previous.getRepresentativeDecl() : Previous.getAsSingle<NamedDecl>();

  if (PrevDecl && PrevDecl->isTemplateParameter()) {
    // Maybe we will complain about the shadowed template parameter.
    DiagnoseTemplateParameterShadow(D.getIdentifierLoc(), PrevDecl);
    // Just pretend that we didn't see the previous declaration.
    PrevDecl = 0;
  }

  if (PrevDecl && !isDeclInScope(PrevDecl, Record, S))
    PrevDecl = 0;

  bool Mutable
    = (D.getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpec() == DeclSpec::SCS_mutable);
  SourceLocation TSSL = D.getSourceRange().getBegin();
  FieldDecl *NewFD
    = CheckFieldDecl(II, T, TInfo, Record, Loc, Mutable, BitWidth, TSSL,
                     AS, PrevDecl, &D);

  if (NewFD->isInvalidDecl())
    Record->setInvalidDecl();

  if (NewFD->isInvalidDecl() && PrevDecl) {
    // Don't introduce NewFD into scope; there's already something
    // with the same name in the same scope.
  } else if (II) {
    PushOnScopeChains(NewFD, S);
  } else
    Record->addDecl(NewFD);

  return NewFD;
}

/// \brief Build a new FieldDecl and check its well-formedness.
///
/// This routine builds a new FieldDecl given the fields name, type,
/// record, etc. \p PrevDecl should refer to any previous declaration
/// with the same name and in the same scope as the field to be
/// created.
///
/// \returns a new FieldDecl.
///
/// \todo The Declarator argument is a hack. It will be removed once
FieldDecl *Sema::CheckFieldDecl(DeclarationName Name, QualType T,
                                TypeSourceInfo *TInfo,
                                RecordDecl *Record, SourceLocation Loc,
                                bool Mutable, Expr *BitWidth,
                                SourceLocation TSSL,
                                AccessSpecifier AS, NamedDecl *PrevDecl,
                                Declarator *D) {
  IdentifierInfo *II = Name.getAsIdentifierInfo();
  bool InvalidDecl = false;
  if (D) InvalidDecl = D->isInvalidType();

  // If we receive a broken type, recover by assuming 'int' and
  // marking this declaration as invalid.
  if (T.isNull()) {
    InvalidDecl = true;
    T = Context.IntTy;
  }

  QualType EltTy = Context.getBaseElementType(T);
  if (!EltTy->isDependentType() &&
      RequireCompleteType(Loc, EltTy, diag::err_field_incomplete)) {
    // Fields of incomplete type force their record to be invalid.
    Record->setInvalidDecl();
    InvalidDecl = true;
  }

  // C99 6.7.2.1p8: A member of a structure or union may have any type other
  // than a variably modified type.
  if (!InvalidDecl && T->isVariablyModifiedType()) {
    bool SizeIsNegative;
    llvm::APSInt Oversized;
    QualType FixedTy = TryToFixInvalidVariablyModifiedType(T, Context,
                                                           SizeIsNegative,
                                                           Oversized);
    if (!FixedTy.isNull()) {
      Diag(Loc, diag::warn_illegal_constant_array_size);
      T = FixedTy;
    } else {
      if (SizeIsNegative)
        Diag(Loc, diag::err_typecheck_negative_array_size);
      else if (Oversized.getBoolValue())
        Diag(Loc, diag::err_array_too_large)
          << Oversized.toString(10);
      else
        Diag(Loc, diag::err_typecheck_field_variable_size);
      InvalidDecl = true;
    }
  }

  // Fields can not have abstract class types
  if (!InvalidDecl && RequireNonAbstractType(Loc, T,
                                             diag::err_abstract_type_in_decl,
                                             AbstractFieldType))
    InvalidDecl = true;

  bool ZeroWidth = false;
  // If this is declared as a bit-field, check the bit-field.
  if (!InvalidDecl && BitWidth &&
      VerifyBitField(Loc, II, T, BitWidth, &ZeroWidth)) {
    InvalidDecl = true;
    BitWidth = 0;
    ZeroWidth = false;
  }

  // Check that 'mutable' is consistent with the type of the declaration.
  if (!InvalidDecl && Mutable) {
    unsigned DiagID = 0;
    if (T->isReferenceType())
      DiagID = diag::err_mutable_reference;
    else if (T.isConstQualified())
      DiagID = diag::err_mutable_const;

    if (DiagID) {
      SourceLocation ErrLoc = Loc;
      if (D && D->getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpecLoc().isValid())
        ErrLoc = D->getDeclSpec().getStorageClassSpecLoc();
      Diag(ErrLoc, DiagID);
      Mutable = false;
      InvalidDecl = true;
    }
  }

  FieldDecl *NewFD = FieldDecl::Create(Context, Record, Loc, II, T, TInfo,
                                       BitWidth, Mutable);
  if (InvalidDecl)
    NewFD->setInvalidDecl();

  if (PrevDecl && !isa<TagDecl>(PrevDecl)) {
    Diag(Loc, diag::err_duplicate_member) << II;
    Diag(PrevDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_declaration);
    NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
  }

  if (!InvalidDecl && getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
    if (Record->isUnion()) {
      if (const RecordType *RT = EltTy->getAs<RecordType>()) {
        CXXRecordDecl* RDecl = cast<CXXRecordDecl>(RT->getDecl());
        if (RDecl->getDefinition()) {
          // C++ [class.union]p1: An object of a class with a non-trivial
          // constructor, a non-trivial copy constructor, a non-trivial
          // destructor, or a non-trivial copy assignment operator
          // cannot be a member of a union, nor can an array of such
          // objects.
          // TODO: C++0x alters this restriction significantly.
          if (CheckNontrivialField(NewFD))
            NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
        }
      }

      // C++ [class.union]p1: If a union contains a member of reference type,
      // the program is ill-formed.
      if (EltTy->isReferenceType()) {
        Diag(NewFD->getLocation(), diag::err_union_member_of_reference_type)
          << NewFD->getDeclName() << EltTy;
        NewFD->setInvalidDecl();
      }
    }
  }

  // FIXME: We need to pass in the attributes given an AST
  // representation, not a parser representation.
  if (D)
    // FIXME: What to pass instead of TUScope?
    ProcessDeclAttributes(TUScope, NewFD, *D);

  if (T.isObjCGCWeak())
    Diag(Loc, diag::warn_attribute_weak_on_field);

  NewFD->setAccess(AS);
  return NewFD;
}

bool Sema::CheckNontrivialField(FieldDecl *FD) {
  assert(FD);
  assert(getLangOptions().CPlusPlus && "valid check only for C++");

  if (FD->isInvalidDecl())
    return true;

  QualType EltTy = Context.getBaseElementType(FD->getType());
  if (const RecordType *RT = EltTy->getAs<RecordType>()) {
    CXXRecordDecl* RDecl = cast<CXXRecordDecl>(RT->getDecl());
    if (RDecl->getDefinition()) {
      // We check for copy constructors before constructors
      // because otherwise we'll never get complaints about
      // copy constructors.

      CXXSpecialMember member = CXXInvalid;
      if (!RDecl->hasTrivialCopyConstructor())
        member = CXXCopyConstructor;
      else if (!RDecl->hasTrivialConstructor())
        member = CXXConstructor;
      else if (!RDecl->hasTrivialCopyAssignment())
        member = CXXCopyAssignment;
      else if (!RDecl->hasTrivialDestructor())
        member = CXXDestructor;

      if (member != CXXInvalid) {
        Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::err_illegal_union_or_anon_struct_member)
              << (int)FD->getParent()->isUnion() << FD->getDeclName() << member;
        DiagnoseNontrivial(RT, member);
        return true;
      }
    }
  }
  
  return false;
}

/// DiagnoseNontrivial - Given that a class has a non-trivial
/// special member, figure out why.
void Sema::DiagnoseNontrivial(const RecordType* T, CXXSpecialMember member) {
  QualType QT(T, 0U);
  CXXRecordDecl* RD = cast<CXXRecordDecl>(T->getDecl());

  // Check whether the member was user-declared.
  switch (member) {
  case CXXInvalid:
    break;

  case CXXConstructor:
    if (RD->hasUserDeclaredConstructor()) {
      typedef CXXRecordDecl::ctor_iterator ctor_iter;
      for (ctor_iter ci = RD->ctor_begin(), ce = RD->ctor_end(); ci != ce;++ci){
        const FunctionDecl *body = 0;
        ci->hasBody(body);
        if (!body || !cast<CXXConstructorDecl>(body)->isImplicitlyDefined()) {
          SourceLocation CtorLoc = ci->getLocation();
          Diag(CtorLoc, diag::note_nontrivial_user_defined) << QT << member;
          return;
        }
      }

      assert(0 && "found no user-declared constructors");
      return;
    }
    break;

  case CXXCopyConstructor:
    if (RD->hasUserDeclaredCopyConstructor()) {
      SourceLocation CtorLoc =
        RD->getCopyConstructor(Context, 0)->getLocation();
      Diag(CtorLoc, diag::note_nontrivial_user_defined) << QT << member;
      return;
    }
    break;

  case CXXCopyAssignment:
    if (RD->hasUserDeclaredCopyAssignment()) {
      // FIXME: this should use the location of the copy
      // assignment, not the type.
      SourceLocation TyLoc = RD->getSourceRange().getBegin();
      Diag(TyLoc, diag::note_nontrivial_user_defined) << QT << member;
      return;
    }
    break;

  case CXXDestructor:
    if (RD->hasUserDeclaredDestructor()) {
      SourceLocation DtorLoc = LookupDestructor(RD)->getLocation();
      Diag(DtorLoc, diag::note_nontrivial_user_defined) << QT << member;
      return;
    }
    break;
  }

  typedef CXXRecordDecl::base_class_iterator base_iter;

  // Virtual bases and members inhibit trivial copying/construction,
  // but not trivial destruction.
  if (member != CXXDestructor) {
    // Check for virtual bases.  vbases includes indirect virtual bases,
    // so we just iterate through the direct bases.
    for (base_iter bi = RD->bases_begin(), be = RD->bases_end(); bi != be; ++bi)
      if (bi->isVirtual()) {
        SourceLocation BaseLoc = bi->getSourceRange().getBegin();
        Diag(BaseLoc, diag::note_nontrivial_has_virtual) << QT << 1;
        return;
      }

    // Check for virtual methods.
    typedef CXXRecordDecl::method_iterator meth_iter;
    for (meth_iter mi = RD->method_begin(), me = RD->method_end(); mi != me;
         ++mi) {
      if (mi->isVirtual()) {
        SourceLocation MLoc = mi->getSourceRange().getBegin();
        Diag(MLoc, diag::note_nontrivial_has_virtual) << QT << 0;
        return;
      }
    }
  }

  bool (CXXRecordDecl::*hasTrivial)() const;
  switch (member) {
  case CXXConstructor:
    hasTrivial = &CXXRecordDecl::hasTrivialConstructor; break;
  case CXXCopyConstructor:
    hasTrivial = &CXXRecordDecl::hasTrivialCopyConstructor; break;
  case CXXCopyAssignment:
    hasTrivial = &CXXRecordDecl::hasTrivialCopyAssignment; break;
  case CXXDestructor:
    hasTrivial = &CXXRecordDecl::hasTrivialDestructor; break;
  default:
    assert(0 && "unexpected special member"); return;
  }

  // Check for nontrivial bases (and recurse).
  for (base_iter bi = RD->bases_begin(), be = RD->bases_end(); bi != be; ++bi) {
    const RecordType *BaseRT = bi->getType()->getAs<RecordType>();
    assert(BaseRT && "Don't know how to handle dependent bases");
    CXXRecordDecl *BaseRecTy = cast<CXXRecordDecl>(BaseRT->getDecl());
    if (!(BaseRecTy->*hasTrivial)()) {
      SourceLocation BaseLoc = bi->getSourceRange().getBegin();
      Diag(BaseLoc, diag::note_nontrivial_has_nontrivial) << QT << 1 << member;
      DiagnoseNontrivial(BaseRT, member);
      return;
    }
  }

  // Check for nontrivial members (and recurse).
  typedef RecordDecl::field_iterator field_iter;
  for (field_iter fi = RD->field_begin(), fe = RD->field_end(); fi != fe;
       ++fi) {
    QualType EltTy = Context.getBaseElementType((*fi)->getType());
    if (const RecordType *EltRT = EltTy->getAs<RecordType>()) {
      CXXRecordDecl* EltRD = cast<CXXRecordDecl>(EltRT->getDecl());

      if (!(EltRD->*hasTrivial)()) {
        SourceLocation FLoc = (*fi)->getLocation();
        Diag(FLoc, diag::note_nontrivial_has_nontrivial) << QT << 0 << member;
        DiagnoseNontrivial(EltRT, member);
        return;
      }
    }
  }

  assert(0 && "found no explanation for non-trivial member");
}

/// TranslateIvarVisibility - Translate visibility from a token ID to an
///  AST enum value.
static ObjCIvarDecl::AccessControl
TranslateIvarVisibility(tok::ObjCKeywordKind ivarVisibility) {
  switch (ivarVisibility) {
  default: assert(0 && "Unknown visitibility kind");
  case tok::objc_private: return ObjCIvarDecl::Private;
  case tok::objc_public: return ObjCIvarDecl::Public;
  case tok::objc_protected: return ObjCIvarDecl::Protected;
  case tok::objc_package: return ObjCIvarDecl::Package;
  }
}

/// ActOnIvar - Each ivar field of an objective-c class is passed into this
/// in order to create an IvarDecl object for it.
Decl *Sema::ActOnIvar(Scope *S,
                                SourceLocation DeclStart,
                                Decl *IntfDecl,
                                Declarator &D, ExprTy *BitfieldWidth,
                                tok::ObjCKeywordKind Visibility) {

  IdentifierInfo *II = D.getIdentifier();
  Expr *BitWidth = (Expr*)BitfieldWidth;
  SourceLocation Loc = DeclStart;
  if (II) Loc = D.getIdentifierLoc();

  // FIXME: Unnamed fields can be handled in various different ways, for
  // example, unnamed unions inject all members into the struct namespace!

  TypeSourceInfo *TInfo = GetTypeForDeclarator(D, S);
  QualType T = TInfo->getType();

  if (BitWidth) {
    // 6.7.2.1p3, 6.7.2.1p4
    if (VerifyBitField(Loc, II, T, BitWidth)) {
      D.setInvalidType();
      BitWidth = 0;
    }
  } else {
    // Not a bitfield.

    // validate II.

  }
  if (T->isReferenceType()) {
    Diag(Loc, diag::err_ivar_reference_type);
    D.setInvalidType();
  }
  // C99 6.7.2.1p8: A member of a structure or union may have any type other
  // than a variably modified type.
  else if (T->isVariablyModifiedType()) {
    Diag(Loc, diag::err_typecheck_ivar_variable_size);
    D.setInvalidType();
  }

  // Get the visibility (access control) for this ivar.
  ObjCIvarDecl::AccessControl ac =
    Visibility != tok::objc_not_keyword ? TranslateIvarVisibility(Visibility)
                                        : ObjCIvarDecl::None;
  // Must set ivar's DeclContext to its enclosing interface.
  ObjCContainerDecl *EnclosingDecl = cast<ObjCContainerDecl>(IntfDecl);
  ObjCContainerDecl *EnclosingContext;
  if (ObjCImplementationDecl *IMPDecl =
      dyn_cast<ObjCImplementationDecl>(EnclosingDecl)) {
    if (!LangOpts.ObjCNonFragileABI2) {
    // Case of ivar declared in an implementation. Context is that of its class.
      EnclosingContext = IMPDecl->getClassInterface();
      assert(EnclosingContext && "Implementation has no class interface!");
    }
    else
      EnclosingContext = EnclosingDecl;
  } else {
    if (ObjCCategoryDecl *CDecl = 
        dyn_cast<ObjCCategoryDecl>(EnclosingDecl)) {
      if (!LangOpts.ObjCNonFragileABI2 || !CDecl->IsClassExtension()) {
        Diag(Loc, diag::err_misplaced_ivar) << CDecl->IsClassExtension();
        return 0;
      }
    }
    EnclosingContext = EnclosingDecl;
  }

  // Construct the decl.
  ObjCIvarDecl *NewID = ObjCIvarDecl::Create(Context,
                                             EnclosingContext, Loc, II, T,
                                             TInfo, ac, (Expr *)BitfieldWidth);

  if (II) {
    NamedDecl *PrevDecl = LookupSingleName(S, II, Loc, LookupMemberName,
                                           ForRedeclaration);
    if (PrevDecl && isDeclInScope(PrevDecl, EnclosingContext, S)
        && !isa<TagDecl>(PrevDecl)) {
      Diag(Loc, diag::err_duplicate_member) << II;
      Diag(PrevDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_declaration);
      NewID->setInvalidDecl();
    }
  }

  // Process attributes attached to the ivar.
  ProcessDeclAttributes(S, NewID, D);

  if (D.isInvalidType())
    NewID->setInvalidDecl();

  if (II) {
    // FIXME: When interfaces are DeclContexts, we'll need to add
    // these to the interface.
    S->AddDecl(NewID);
    IdResolver.AddDecl(NewID);
  }

  return NewID;
}

/// ActOnLastBitfield - This routine handles synthesized bitfields rules for 
/// class and class extensions. For every class @interface and class 
/// extension @interface, if the last ivar is a bitfield of any type, 
/// then add an implicit `char :0` ivar to the end of that interface.
void Sema::ActOnLastBitfield(SourceLocation DeclLoc, Decl *EnclosingDecl,
                             llvm::SmallVectorImpl<Decl *> &AllIvarDecls) {
  if (!LangOpts.ObjCNonFragileABI2 || AllIvarDecls.empty())
    return;
  
  Decl *ivarDecl = AllIvarDecls[AllIvarDecls.size()-1];
  ObjCIvarDecl *Ivar = cast<ObjCIvarDecl>(ivarDecl);
  
  if (!Ivar->isBitField())
    return;
  uint64_t BitFieldSize =
    Ivar->getBitWidth()->EvaluateAsInt(Context).getZExtValue();
  if (BitFieldSize == 0)
    return;
  ObjCInterfaceDecl *ID = dyn_cast<ObjCInterfaceDecl>(EnclosingDecl);
  if (!ID) {
    if (ObjCCategoryDecl *CD = dyn_cast<ObjCCategoryDecl>(EnclosingDecl)) {
      if (!CD->IsClassExtension())
        return;
    }
    // No need to add this to end of @implementation.
    else
      return;
  }
  // All conditions are met. Add a new bitfield to the tail end of ivars.
  llvm::APInt Zero(Context.getTypeSize(Context.CharTy), 0);
  Expr * BW = IntegerLiteral::Create(Context, Zero, Context.CharTy, DeclLoc);

  Ivar = ObjCIvarDecl::Create(Context, cast<ObjCContainerDecl>(EnclosingDecl),
                              DeclLoc, 0,
                              Context.CharTy, 
                              Context.CreateTypeSourceInfo(Context.CharTy),
                              ObjCIvarDecl::Private, BW,
                              true);
  AllIvarDecls.push_back(Ivar);
}

void Sema::ActOnFields(Scope* S,
                       SourceLocation RecLoc, Decl *EnclosingDecl,
                       Decl **Fields, unsigned NumFields,
                       SourceLocation LBrac, SourceLocation RBrac,
                       AttributeList *Attr) {
  assert(EnclosingDecl && "missing record or interface decl");

  // If the decl this is being inserted into is invalid, then it may be a
  // redeclaration or some other bogus case.  Don't try to add fields to it.
  if (EnclosingDecl->isInvalidDecl()) {
    // FIXME: Deallocate fields?
    return;
  }


  // Verify that all the fields are okay.
  unsigned NumNamedMembers = 0;
  llvm::SmallVector<FieldDecl*, 32> RecFields;

  RecordDecl *Record = dyn_cast<RecordDecl>(EnclosingDecl);
  for (unsigned i = 0; i != NumFields; ++i) {
    FieldDecl *FD = cast<FieldDecl>(Fields[i]);

    // Get the type for the field.
    const Type *FDTy = FD->getType().getTypePtr();

    if (!FD->isAnonymousStructOrUnion()) {
      // Remember all fields written by the user.
      RecFields.push_back(FD);
    }

    // If the field is already invalid for some reason, don't emit more
    // diagnostics about it.
    if (FD->isInvalidDecl()) {
      EnclosingDecl->setInvalidDecl();
      continue;
    }

    // C99 6.7.2.1p2:
    //   A structure or union shall not contain a member with
    //   incomplete or function type (hence, a structure shall not
    //   contain an instance of itself, but may contain a pointer to
    //   an instance of itself), except that the last member of a
    //   structure with more than one named member may have incomplete
    //   array type; such a structure (and any union containing,
    //   possibly recursively, a member that is such a structure)
    //   shall not be a member of a structure or an element of an
    //   array.
    if (FDTy->isFunctionType()) {
      // Field declared as a function.
      Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::err_field_declared_as_function)
        << FD->getDeclName();
      FD->setInvalidDecl();
      EnclosingDecl->setInvalidDecl();
      continue;
    } else if (FDTy->isIncompleteArrayType() && Record && 
               ((i == NumFields - 1 && !Record->isUnion()) ||
                (getLangOptions().Microsoft &&
                 (i == NumFields - 1 || Record->isUnion())))) {
      // Flexible array member.
      // Microsoft is more permissive regarding flexible array.
      // It will accept flexible array in union and also
      // as the sole element of a struct/class.
      if (getLangOptions().Microsoft) {
        if (Record->isUnion()) 
          Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::ext_flexible_array_union)
            << FD->getDeclName();
        else if (NumFields == 1) 
          Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::ext_flexible_array_empty_aggregate)
            << FD->getDeclName() << Record->getTagKind();
      } else  if (NumNamedMembers < 1) {
        Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::err_flexible_array_empty_struct)
          << FD->getDeclName();
        FD->setInvalidDecl();
        EnclosingDecl->setInvalidDecl();
        continue;
      }
      if (!FD->getType()->isDependentType() &&
          !Context.getBaseElementType(FD->getType())->isPODType()) {
        Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::err_flexible_array_has_nonpod_type)
          << FD->getDeclName() << FD->getType();
        FD->setInvalidDecl();
        EnclosingDecl->setInvalidDecl();
        continue;
      }
      // Okay, we have a legal flexible array member at the end of the struct.
      if (Record)
        Record->setHasFlexibleArrayMember(true);
    } else if (!FDTy->isDependentType() &&
               RequireCompleteType(FD->getLocation(), FD->getType(),
                                   diag::err_field_incomplete)) {
      // Incomplete type
      FD->setInvalidDecl();
      EnclosingDecl->setInvalidDecl();
      continue;
    } else if (const RecordType *FDTTy = FDTy->getAs<RecordType>()) {
      if (FDTTy->getDecl()->hasFlexibleArrayMember()) {
        // If this is a member of a union, then entire union becomes "flexible".
        if (Record && Record->isUnion()) {
          Record->setHasFlexibleArrayMember(true);
        } else {
          // If this is a struct/class and this is not the last element, reject
          // it.  Note that GCC supports variable sized arrays in the middle of
          // structures.
          if (i != NumFields-1)
            Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::ext_variable_sized_type_in_struct)
              << FD->getDeclName() << FD->getType();
          else {
            // We support flexible arrays at the end of structs in
            // other structs as an extension.
            Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::ext_flexible_array_in_struct)
              << FD->getDeclName();
            if (Record)
              Record->setHasFlexibleArrayMember(true);
          }
        }
      }
      if (Record && FDTTy->getDecl()->hasObjectMember())
        Record->setHasObjectMember(true);
    } else if (FDTy->isObjCObjectType()) {
      /// A field cannot be an Objective-c object
      Diag(FD->getLocation(), diag::err_statically_allocated_object);
      FD->setInvalidDecl();
      EnclosingDecl->setInvalidDecl();
      continue;
    } else if (getLangOptions().ObjC1 &&
               getLangOptions().getGCMode() != LangOptions::NonGC &&
               Record &&
               (FD->getType()->isObjCObjectPointerType() ||
                FD->getType().isObjCGCStrong()))
      Record->setHasObjectMember(true);
    else if (Context.getAsArrayType(FD->getType())) {
      QualType BaseType = Context.getBaseElementType(FD->getType());
      if (Record && BaseType->isRecordType() && 
          BaseType->getAs<RecordType>()->getDecl()->hasObjectMember())
        Record->setHasObjectMember(true);
    }
    // Keep track of the number of named members.
    if (FD->getIdentifier())
      ++NumNamedMembers;
  }

  // Okay, we successfully defined 'Record'.
  if (Record) {
    bool Completed = false;
    if (CXXRecordDecl *CXXRecord = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(Record)) {
      if (!CXXRecord->isInvalidDecl()) {
        // Set access bits correctly on the directly-declared conversions.
        UnresolvedSetImpl *Convs = CXXRecord->getConversionFunctions();
        for (UnresolvedSetIterator I = Convs->begin(), E = Convs->end(); 
             I != E; ++I)
          Convs->setAccess(I, (*I)->getAccess());
        
        if (!CXXRecord->isDependentType()) {
          // Add any implicitly-declared members to this class.
          AddImplicitlyDeclaredMembersToClass(CXXRecord);

          // If we have virtual base classes, we may end up finding multiple 
          // final overriders for a given virtual function. Check for this 
          // problem now.
          if (CXXRecord->getNumVBases()) {
            CXXFinalOverriderMap FinalOverriders;
            CXXRecord->getFinalOverriders(FinalOverriders);
            
            for (CXXFinalOverriderMap::iterator M = FinalOverriders.begin(), 
                                             MEnd = FinalOverriders.end();
                 M != MEnd; ++M) {
              for (OverridingMethods::iterator SO = M->second.begin(), 
                                            SOEnd = M->second.end();
                   SO != SOEnd; ++SO) {
                assert(SO->second.size() > 0 && 
                       "Virtual function without overridding functions?");
                if (SO->second.size() == 1)
                  continue;
                
                // C++ [class.virtual]p2:
                //   In a derived class, if a virtual member function of a base
                //   class subobject has more than one final overrider the
                //   program is ill-formed.
                Diag(Record->getLocation(), diag::err_multiple_final_overriders)
                  << (NamedDecl *)M->first << Record;
                Diag(M->first->getLocation(), 
                     diag::note_overridden_virtual_function);
                for (OverridingMethods::overriding_iterator 
                          OM = SO->second.begin(), 
                       OMEnd = SO->second.end();
                     OM != OMEnd; ++OM)
                  Diag(OM->Method->getLocation(), diag::note_final_overrider)
                    << (NamedDecl *)M->first << OM->Method->getParent();
                
                Record->setInvalidDecl();
              }
            }
            CXXRecord->completeDefinition(&FinalOverriders);
            Completed = true;
          }
        }
      }
    }
    
    if (!Completed)
      Record->completeDefinition();
  } else {
    ObjCIvarDecl **ClsFields =
      reinterpret_cast<ObjCIvarDecl**>(RecFields.data());
    if (ObjCInterfaceDecl *ID = dyn_cast<ObjCInterfaceDecl>(EnclosingDecl)) {
      ID->setLocEnd(RBrac);
      // Add ivar's to class's DeclContext.
      for (unsigned i = 0, e = RecFields.size(); i != e; ++i) {
        ClsFields[i]->setLexicalDeclContext(ID);
        ID->addDecl(ClsFields[i]);
      }
      // Must enforce the rule that ivars in the base classes may not be
      // duplicates.
      if (ID->getSuperClass())
        DiagnoseDuplicateIvars(ID, ID->getSuperClass());
    } else if (ObjCImplementationDecl *IMPDecl =
                  dyn_cast<ObjCImplementationDecl>(EnclosingDecl)) {
      assert(IMPDecl && "ActOnFields - missing ObjCImplementationDecl");
      for (unsigned I = 0, N = RecFields.size(); I != N; ++I)
        // Ivar declared in @implementation never belongs to the implementation.
        // Only it is in implementation's lexical context.
        ClsFields[I]->setLexicalDeclContext(IMPDecl);
      CheckImplementationIvars(IMPDecl, ClsFields, RecFields.size(), RBrac);
    } else if (ObjCCategoryDecl *CDecl = 
                dyn_cast<ObjCCategoryDecl>(EnclosingDecl)) {
      // case of ivars in class extension; all other cases have been
      // reported as errors elsewhere.
      // FIXME. Class extension does not have a LocEnd field.
      // CDecl->setLocEnd(RBrac);
      // Add ivar's to class extension's DeclContext.
      for (unsigned i = 0, e = RecFields.size(); i != e; ++i) {
        ClsFields[i]->setLexicalDeclContext(CDecl);
        CDecl->addDecl(ClsFields[i]);
      }
    }
  }

  if (Attr)
    ProcessDeclAttributeList(S, Record, Attr);

  // If there's a #pragma GCC visibility in scope, and this isn't a subclass,
  // set the visibility of this record.
  if (Record && !Record->getDeclContext()->isRecord())
    AddPushedVisibilityAttribute(Record);
}

/// \brief Determine whether the given integral value is representable within
/// the given type T.
static bool isRepresentableIntegerValue(ASTContext &Context,
                                        llvm::APSInt &Value,
                                        QualType T) {
  assert(T->isIntegralType(Context) && "Integral type required!");
  unsigned BitWidth = Context.getIntWidth(T);
  
  if (Value.isUnsigned() || Value.isNonNegative()) {
    if (T->isSignedIntegerType()) 
      --BitWidth;
    return Value.getActiveBits() <= BitWidth;
  }  
  return Value.getMinSignedBits() <= BitWidth;
}

// \brief Given an integral type, return the next larger integral type
// (or a NULL type of no such type exists).
static QualType getNextLargerIntegralType(ASTContext &Context, QualType T) {
  // FIXME: Int128/UInt128 support, which also needs to be introduced into 
  // enum checking below.
  assert(T->isIntegralType(Context) && "Integral type required!");
  const unsigned NumTypes = 4;
  QualType SignedIntegralTypes[NumTypes] = { 
    Context.ShortTy, Context.IntTy, Context.LongTy, Context.LongLongTy
  };
  QualType UnsignedIntegralTypes[NumTypes] = { 
    Context.UnsignedShortTy, Context.UnsignedIntTy, Context.UnsignedLongTy, 
    Context.UnsignedLongLongTy
  };
  
  unsigned BitWidth = Context.getTypeSize(T);
  QualType *Types = T->isSignedIntegerType()? SignedIntegralTypes
                                            : UnsignedIntegralTypes;
  for (unsigned I = 0; I != NumTypes; ++I)
    if (Context.getTypeSize(Types[I]) > BitWidth)
      return Types[I];
  
  return QualType();
}

EnumConstantDecl *Sema::CheckEnumConstant(EnumDecl *Enum,
                                          EnumConstantDecl *LastEnumConst,
                                          SourceLocation IdLoc,
                                          IdentifierInfo *Id,
                                          Expr *Val) {
  unsigned IntWidth = Context.Target.getIntWidth();
  llvm::APSInt EnumVal(IntWidth);
  QualType EltTy;

  if (Val && DiagnoseUnexpandedParameterPack(Val, UPPC_EnumeratorValue))
    Val = 0;

  if (Val) {
    if (Enum->isDependentType() || Val->isTypeDependent())
      EltTy = Context.DependentTy;
    else {
      // C99 6.7.2.2p2: Make sure we have an integer constant expression.
      SourceLocation ExpLoc;
      if (!Val->isValueDependent() &&
          VerifyIntegerConstantExpression(Val, &EnumVal)) {
        Val = 0;
      } else {        
        if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus) {
          // C99 6.7.2.2p2:
          //   The expression that defines the value of an enumeration constant
          //   shall be an integer constant expression that has a value 
          //   representable as an int.
          
          // Complain if the value is not representable in an int.
          if (!isRepresentableIntegerValue(Context, EnumVal, Context.IntTy))
            Diag(IdLoc, diag::ext_enum_value_not_int)
              << EnumVal.toString(10) << Val->getSourceRange()
              << (EnumVal.isUnsigned() || EnumVal.isNonNegative());
          else if (!Context.hasSameType(Val->getType(), Context.IntTy)) {
            // Force the type of the expression to 'int'.
            ImpCastExprToType(Val, Context.IntTy, CK_IntegralCast);
          }
        }
        
        if (Enum->isFixed()) {
          EltTy = Enum->getIntegerType();

          // C++0x [dcl.enum]p5:
          //   ... if the initializing value of an enumerator cannot be
          //   represented by the underlying type, the program is ill-formed.
          if (!isRepresentableIntegerValue(Context, EnumVal, EltTy)) {
            if (getLangOptions().Microsoft) {
              Diag(IdLoc, diag::ext_enumerator_too_large) << EltTy;
              ImpCastExprToType(Val, EltTy, CK_IntegralCast);
            } else 
              Diag(IdLoc, diag::err_enumerator_too_large)
                << EltTy;
          } else
            ImpCastExprToType(Val, EltTy, CK_IntegralCast);
        }
        else {
          // C++0x [dcl.enum]p5:
          //   If the underlying type is not fixed, the type of each enumerator
          //   is the type of its initializing value:
          //     - If an initializer is specified for an enumerator, the 
          //       initializing value has the same type as the expression.
          EltTy = Val->getType();
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (!Val) {
    if (Enum->isDependentType())
      EltTy = Context.DependentTy;
    else if (!LastEnumConst) {
      // C++0x [dcl.enum]p5:
      //   If the underlying type is not fixed, the type of each enumerator
      //   is the type of its initializing value:
      //     - If no initializer is specified for the first enumerator, the 
      //       initializing value has an unspecified integral type.
      //
      // GCC uses 'int' for its unspecified integral type, as does 
      // C99 6.7.2.2p3.
      if (Enum->isFixed()) {
        EltTy = Enum->getIntegerType();
      }
      else {
        EltTy = Context.IntTy;
      }
    } else {
      // Assign the last value + 1.
      EnumVal = LastEnumConst->getInitVal();
      ++EnumVal;
      EltTy = LastEnumConst->getType();

      // Check for overflow on increment.
      if (EnumVal < LastEnumConst->getInitVal()) {
        // C++0x [dcl.enum]p5:
        //   If the underlying type is not fixed, the type of each enumerator
        //   is the type of its initializing value:
        //
        //     - Otherwise the type of the initializing value is the same as
        //       the type of the initializing value of the preceding enumerator
        //       unless the incremented value is not representable in that type,
        //       in which case the type is an unspecified integral type 
        //       sufficient to contain the incremented value. If no such type
        //       exists, the program is ill-formed.
        QualType T = getNextLargerIntegralType(Context, EltTy);
        if (T.isNull() || Enum->isFixed()) {
          // There is no integral type larger enough to represent this 
          // value. Complain, then allow the value to wrap around.
          EnumVal = LastEnumConst->getInitVal();
          EnumVal = EnumVal.zext(EnumVal.getBitWidth() * 2);
          ++EnumVal;
          if (Enum->isFixed())
            // When the underlying type is fixed, this is ill-formed.
            Diag(IdLoc, diag::err_enumerator_wrapped)
              << EnumVal.toString(10)
              << EltTy;
          else
            Diag(IdLoc, diag::warn_enumerator_too_large)
              << EnumVal.toString(10);
        } else {
          EltTy = T;
        }
        
        // Retrieve the last enumerator's value, extent that type to the
        // type that is supposed to be large enough to represent the incremented
        // value, then increment.
        EnumVal = LastEnumConst->getInitVal();
        EnumVal.setIsSigned(EltTy->isSignedIntegerType());
        EnumVal = EnumVal.zextOrTrunc(Context.getIntWidth(EltTy));
        ++EnumVal;        
        
        // If we're not in C++, diagnose the overflow of enumerator values,
        // which in C99 means that the enumerator value is not representable in
        // an int (C99 6.7.2.2p2). However, we support GCC's extension that
        // permits enumerator values that are representable in some larger
        // integral type.
        if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus && !T.isNull())
          Diag(IdLoc, diag::warn_enum_value_overflow);
      } else if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus &&
                 !isRepresentableIntegerValue(Context, EnumVal, EltTy)) {
        // Enforce C99 6.7.2.2p2 even when we compute the next value.
        Diag(IdLoc, diag::ext_enum_value_not_int)
          << EnumVal.toString(10) << 1;
      }
    }
  }

  if (!EltTy->isDependentType()) {
    // Make the enumerator value match the signedness and size of the 
    // enumerator's type.
    EnumVal = EnumVal.zextOrTrunc(Context.getIntWidth(EltTy));
    EnumVal.setIsSigned(EltTy->isSignedIntegerType());
  }
  
  return EnumConstantDecl::Create(Context, Enum, IdLoc, Id, EltTy,
                                  Val, EnumVal);
}


Decl *Sema::ActOnEnumConstant(Scope *S, Decl *theEnumDecl, Decl *lastEnumConst,
                              SourceLocation IdLoc, IdentifierInfo *Id,
                              AttributeList *Attr,
                              SourceLocation EqualLoc, ExprTy *val) {
  EnumDecl *TheEnumDecl = cast<EnumDecl>(theEnumDecl);
  EnumConstantDecl *LastEnumConst =
    cast_or_null<EnumConstantDecl>(lastEnumConst);
  Expr *Val = static_cast<Expr*>(val);

  // The scope passed in may not be a decl scope.  Zip up the scope tree until
  // we find one that is.
  S = getNonFieldDeclScope(S);

  // Verify that there isn't already something declared with this name in this
  // scope.
  NamedDecl *PrevDecl = LookupSingleName(S, Id, IdLoc, LookupOrdinaryName,
                                         ForRedeclaration);
  if (PrevDecl && PrevDecl->isTemplateParameter()) {
    // Maybe we will complain about the shadowed template parameter.
    DiagnoseTemplateParameterShadow(IdLoc, PrevDecl);
    // Just pretend that we didn't see the previous declaration.
    PrevDecl = 0;
  }

  if (PrevDecl) {
    // When in C++, we may get a TagDecl with the same name; in this case the
    // enum constant will 'hide' the tag.
    assert((getLangOptions().CPlusPlus || !isa<TagDecl>(PrevDecl)) &&
           "Received TagDecl when not in C++!");
    if (!isa<TagDecl>(PrevDecl) && isDeclInScope(PrevDecl, CurContext, S)) {
      if (isa<EnumConstantDecl>(PrevDecl))
        Diag(IdLoc, diag::err_redefinition_of_enumerator) << Id;
      else
        Diag(IdLoc, diag::err_redefinition) << Id;
      Diag(PrevDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_previous_definition);
      return 0;
    }
  }

  // C++ [class.mem]p13:
  //   If T is the name of a class, then each of the following shall have a 
  //   name different from T:
  //     - every enumerator of every member of class T that is an enumerated 
  //       type
  if (CXXRecordDecl *Record
                      = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(
                             TheEnumDecl->getDeclContext()->getRedeclContext()))
    if (Record->getIdentifier() && Record->getIdentifier() == Id)
      Diag(IdLoc, diag::err_member_name_of_class) << Id;
  
  EnumConstantDecl *New =
    CheckEnumConstant(TheEnumDecl, LastEnumConst, IdLoc, Id, Val);

  if (New) {
    // Process attributes.
    if (Attr) ProcessDeclAttributeList(S, New, Attr);

    // Register this decl in the current scope stack.
    New->setAccess(TheEnumDecl->getAccess());
    PushOnScopeChains(New, S);
  }

  return New;
}

void Sema::ActOnEnumBody(SourceLocation EnumLoc, SourceLocation LBraceLoc,
                         SourceLocation RBraceLoc, Decl *EnumDeclX,
                         Decl **Elements, unsigned NumElements,
                         Scope *S, AttributeList *Attr) {
  EnumDecl *Enum = cast<EnumDecl>(EnumDeclX);
  QualType EnumType = Context.getTypeDeclType(Enum);

  if (Attr)
    ProcessDeclAttributeList(S, Enum, Attr);

  if (Enum->isDependentType()) {
    for (unsigned i = 0; i != NumElements; ++i) {
      EnumConstantDecl *ECD =
        cast_or_null<EnumConstantDecl>(Elements[i]);
      if (!ECD) continue;

      ECD->setType(EnumType);
    }

    Enum->completeDefinition(Context.DependentTy, Context.DependentTy, 0, 0);
    return;
  }

  // TODO: If the result value doesn't fit in an int, it must be a long or long
  // long value.  ISO C does not support this, but GCC does as an extension,
  // emit a warning.
  unsigned IntWidth = Context.Target.getIntWidth();
  unsigned CharWidth = Context.Target.getCharWidth();
  unsigned ShortWidth = Context.Target.getShortWidth();

  // Verify that all the values are okay, compute the size of the values, and
  // reverse the list.
  unsigned NumNegativeBits = 0;
  unsigned NumPositiveBits = 0;

  // Keep track of whether all elements have type int.
  bool AllElementsInt = true;

  for (unsigned i = 0; i != NumElements; ++i) {
    EnumConstantDecl *ECD =
      cast_or_null<EnumConstantDecl>(Elements[i]);
    if (!ECD) continue;  // Already issued a diagnostic.

    const llvm::APSInt &InitVal = ECD->getInitVal();

    // Keep track of the size of positive and negative values.
    if (InitVal.isUnsigned() || InitVal.isNonNegative())
      NumPositiveBits = std::max(NumPositiveBits,
                                 (unsigned)InitVal.getActiveBits());
    else
      NumNegativeBits = std::max(NumNegativeBits,
                                 (unsigned)InitVal.getMinSignedBits());

    // Keep track of whether every enum element has type int (very commmon).
    if (AllElementsInt)
      AllElementsInt = ECD->getType() == Context.IntTy;
  }

  // Figure out the type that should be used for this enum.
  QualType BestType;
  unsigned BestWidth;

  // C++0x N3000 [conv.prom]p3:
  //   An rvalue of an unscoped enumeration type whose underlying
  //   type is not fixed can be converted to an rvalue of the first
  //   of the following types that can represent all the values of
  //   the enumeration: int, unsigned int, long int, unsigned long
  //   int, long long int, or unsigned long long int.
  // C99 6.4.4.3p2:
  //   An identifier declared as an enumeration constant has type int.
  // The C99 rule is modified by a gcc extension 
  QualType BestPromotionType;

  bool Packed = Enum->getAttr<PackedAttr>() ? true : false;
  // -fshort-enums is the equivalent to specifying the packed attribute on all
  // enum definitions.
  if (LangOpts.ShortEnums)
    Packed = true;

  if (Enum->isFixed()) {
    BestType = BestPromotionType = Enum->getIntegerType();
    // We don't need to set BestWidth, because BestType is going to be the type
    // of the enumerators, but we do anyway because otherwise some compilers
    // warn that it might be used uninitialized.
    BestWidth = CharWidth;
  }
  else if (NumNegativeBits) {
    // If there is a negative value, figure out the smallest integer type (of
    // int/long/longlong) that fits.
    // If it's packed, check also if it fits a char or a short.
    if (Packed && NumNegativeBits <= CharWidth && NumPositiveBits < CharWidth) {
      BestType = Context.SignedCharTy;
      BestWidth = CharWidth;
    } else if (Packed && NumNegativeBits <= ShortWidth &&
               NumPositiveBits < ShortWidth) {
      BestType = Context.ShortTy;
      BestWidth = ShortWidth;
    } else if (NumNegativeBits <= IntWidth && NumPositiveBits < IntWidth) {
      BestType = Context.IntTy;
      BestWidth = IntWidth;
    } else {
      BestWidth = Context.Target.getLongWidth();

      if (NumNegativeBits <= BestWidth && NumPositiveBits < BestWidth) {
        BestType = Context.LongTy;
      } else {
        BestWidth = Context.Target.getLongLongWidth();

        if (NumNegativeBits > BestWidth || NumPositiveBits >= BestWidth)
          Diag(Enum->getLocation(), diag::warn_enum_too_large);
        BestType = Context.LongLongTy;
      }
    }
    BestPromotionType = (BestWidth <= IntWidth ? Context.IntTy : BestType);
  } else {
    // If there is no negative value, figure out the smallest type that fits
    // all of the enumerator values.
    // If it's packed, check also if it fits a char or a short.
    if (Packed && NumPositiveBits <= CharWidth) {
      BestType = Context.UnsignedCharTy;
      BestPromotionType = Context.IntTy;
      BestWidth = CharWidth;
    } else if (Packed && NumPositiveBits <= ShortWidth) {
      BestType = Context.UnsignedShortTy;
      BestPromotionType = Context.IntTy;
      BestWidth = ShortWidth;
    } else if (NumPositiveBits <= IntWidth) {
      BestType = Context.UnsignedIntTy;
      BestWidth = IntWidth;
      BestPromotionType
        = (NumPositiveBits == BestWidth || !getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
                           ? Context.UnsignedIntTy : Context.IntTy;
    } else if (NumPositiveBits <=
               (BestWidth = Context.Target.getLongWidth())) {
      BestType = Context.UnsignedLongTy;
      BestPromotionType
        = (NumPositiveBits == BestWidth || !getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
                           ? Context.UnsignedLongTy : Context.LongTy;
    } else {
      BestWidth = Context.Target.getLongLongWidth();
      assert(NumPositiveBits <= BestWidth &&
             "How could an initializer get larger than ULL?");
      BestType = Context.UnsignedLongLongTy;
      BestPromotionType
        = (NumPositiveBits == BestWidth || !getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
                           ? Context.UnsignedLongLongTy : Context.LongLongTy;
    }
  }

  // Loop over all of the enumerator constants, changing their types to match
  // the type of the enum if needed.
  for (unsigned i = 0; i != NumElements; ++i) {
    EnumConstantDecl *ECD = cast_or_null<EnumConstantDecl>(Elements[i]);
    if (!ECD) continue;  // Already issued a diagnostic.

    // Standard C says the enumerators have int type, but we allow, as an
    // extension, the enumerators to be larger than int size.  If each
    // enumerator value fits in an int, type it as an int, otherwise type it the
    // same as the enumerator decl itself.  This means that in "enum { X = 1U }"
    // that X has type 'int', not 'unsigned'.

    // Determine whether the value fits into an int.
    llvm::APSInt InitVal = ECD->getInitVal();

    // If it fits into an integer type, force it.  Otherwise force it to match
    // the enum decl type.
    QualType NewTy;
    unsigned NewWidth;
    bool NewSign;
    if (!getLangOptions().CPlusPlus &&
        isRepresentableIntegerValue(Context, InitVal, Context.IntTy)) {
      NewTy = Context.IntTy;
      NewWidth = IntWidth;
      NewSign = true;
    } else if (ECD->getType() == BestType) {
      // Already the right type!
      if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
        // C++ [dcl.enum]p4: Following the closing brace of an
        // enum-specifier, each enumerator has the type of its
        // enumeration.
        ECD->setType(EnumType);
      continue;
    } else {
      NewTy = BestType;
      NewWidth = BestWidth;
      NewSign = BestType->isSignedIntegerType();
    }

    // Adjust the APSInt value.
    InitVal = InitVal.extOrTrunc(NewWidth);
    InitVal.setIsSigned(NewSign);
    ECD->setInitVal(InitVal);

    // Adjust the Expr initializer and type.
    if (ECD->getInitExpr() &&
	!Context.hasSameType(NewTy, ECD->getInitExpr()->getType()))
      ECD->setInitExpr(ImplicitCastExpr::Create(Context, NewTy,
                                                CK_IntegralCast,
                                                ECD->getInitExpr(),
                                                /*base paths*/ 0,
                                                VK_RValue));
    if (getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
      // C++ [dcl.enum]p4: Following the closing brace of an
      // enum-specifier, each enumerator has the type of its
      // enumeration.
      ECD->setType(EnumType);
    else
      ECD->setType(NewTy);
  }

  Enum->completeDefinition(BestType, BestPromotionType,
                           NumPositiveBits, NumNegativeBits);
}

Decl *Sema::ActOnFileScopeAsmDecl(SourceLocation Loc, Expr *expr) {
  StringLiteral *AsmString = cast<StringLiteral>(expr);

  FileScopeAsmDecl *New = FileScopeAsmDecl::Create(Context, CurContext,
                                                   Loc, AsmString);
  CurContext->addDecl(New);
  return New;
}

void Sema::ActOnPragmaWeakID(IdentifierInfo* Name,
                             SourceLocation PragmaLoc,
                             SourceLocation NameLoc) {
  Decl *PrevDecl = LookupSingleName(TUScope, Name, NameLoc, LookupOrdinaryName);

  if (PrevDecl) {
    PrevDecl->addAttr(::new (Context) WeakAttr(PragmaLoc, Context));
  } else {
    (void)WeakUndeclaredIdentifiers.insert(
      std::pair<IdentifierInfo*,WeakInfo>
        (Name, WeakInfo((IdentifierInfo*)0, NameLoc)));
  }
}

void Sema::ActOnPragmaWeakAlias(IdentifierInfo* Name,
                                IdentifierInfo* AliasName,
                                SourceLocation PragmaLoc,
                                SourceLocation NameLoc,
                                SourceLocation AliasNameLoc) {
  Decl *PrevDecl = LookupSingleName(TUScope, AliasName, AliasNameLoc,
                                    LookupOrdinaryName);
  WeakInfo W = WeakInfo(Name, NameLoc);

  if (PrevDecl) {
    if (!PrevDecl->hasAttr<AliasAttr>())
      if (NamedDecl *ND = dyn_cast<NamedDecl>(PrevDecl))
        DeclApplyPragmaWeak(TUScope, ND, W);
  } else {
    (void)WeakUndeclaredIdentifiers.insert(
      std::pair<IdentifierInfo*,WeakInfo>(AliasName, W));
  }
}