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Chris Lattnerd8b33e02008-10-11 18:18:28 +00007 <title>LLVM 2.4 Release Notes</title>
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9<body>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +000010
Chris Lattnerd8b33e02008-10-11 18:18:28 +000011<div class="doc_title">LLVM 2.4 Release Notes</div>
Mikhail Glushenkov024f7cf2008-10-13 02:08:34 +000012
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +000013<ol>
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +000014 <li><a href="#intro">Introduction</a></li>
Chris Lattnerf5cd9862008-10-13 18:01:01 +000015 <li><a href="#subproj">Sub-project Status Update</a></li>
16 <li><a href="#whatsnew">What's New in LLVM?</a></li>
Chris Lattner77a51732004-04-30 22:17:12 +000017 <li><a href="GettingStarted.html">Installation Instructions</a></li>
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +000018 <li><a href="#portability">Portability and Supported Platforms</a></li>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +000019 <li><a href="#knownproblems">Known Problems</a>
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +000020 <li><a href="#additionalinfo">Additional Information</a></li>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +000021</ol>
22
Chris Lattner020e1fc2004-05-23 21:07:27 +000023<div class="doc_author">
Chris Lattnera69595e2005-10-29 07:07:09 +000024 <p>Written by the <a href="http://llvm.org">LLVM Team</a><p>
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +000025</div>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +000026
27<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +000028<div class="doc_section">
29 <a name="intro">Introduction</a>
30</div>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +000031<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
32
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +000033<div class="doc_text">
34
Chris Lattner1e4d5bc2008-10-13 17:57:36 +000035<p>This document contains the release notes for the LLVM Compiler
36Infrastructure, release 2.4. Here we describe the status of LLVM, including
37major improvements from the previous release and significant known problems.
38All LLVM releases may be downloaded from the <a
39href="http://llvm.org/releases/">LLVM releases web site</a>.</p>
Chris Lattner62495762003-10-02 16:38:05 +000040
Chris Lattnerb5bb5972004-12-07 08:04:13 +000041<p>For more information about LLVM, including information about the latest
Chris Lattnera69595e2005-10-29 07:07:09 +000042release, please check out the <a href="http://llvm.org/">main LLVM
Chris Lattnere7525b52003-10-07 21:38:31 +000043web site</a>. If you have questions or comments, the <a
Chris Lattner1e4d5bc2008-10-13 17:57:36 +000044href="http://mail.cs.uiuc.edu/mailman/listinfo/llvmdev">LLVM Developer's Mailing
45List</a> is a good place to send them.</p>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +000046
Mikhail Glushenkov024f7cf2008-10-13 02:08:34 +000047<p>Note that if you are reading this file from a Subversion checkout or the
Chris Lattner0a1fd102007-09-21 03:54:09 +000048main LLVM web page, this document applies to the <i>next</i> release, not the
49current one. To see the release notes for a specific releases, please see the
50<a href="http://llvm.org/releases/">releases page</a>.</p>
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +000051
52</div>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +000053
Chris Lattnerd8b33e02008-10-11 18:18:28 +000054<!-- Unfinished features in 2.4:
Chris Lattner2b8a52e2008-02-10 07:46:44 +000055 Machine LICM
56 Machine Sinking
57 LegalizeDAGTypes
Chris Lattnerc4d68542008-10-12 19:47:48 +000058 llc -enable-value-prop, propagation of value info (sign/zero ext info) from
59 one MBB to another
Chris Lattner2b8a52e2008-02-10 07:46:44 +000060 -->
Mikhail Glushenkov024f7cf2008-10-13 02:08:34 +000061
Chris Lattnerc4d68542008-10-12 19:47:48 +000062 <!-- for announcement email:
63 mention dev mtg
Chris Lattnere3df07e2008-10-12 22:57:58 +000064 Xcode 3.1 and 3.1.1.
Chris Lattnerc4d68542008-10-12 19:47:48 +000065 -->
Chris Lattner2b8a52e2008-02-10 07:46:44 +000066
Chris Lattnerf5cd9862008-10-13 18:01:01 +000067<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
68<div class="doc_section">
69 <a name="subproj">Sub-project Status Update</a>
Chris Lattner625a3d82008-06-08 21:34:41 +000070</div>
Chris Lattnerf5cd9862008-10-13 18:01:01 +000071<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
Chris Lattner625a3d82008-06-08 21:34:41 +000072
73<div class="doc_text">
Chris Lattnerc75fd522008-06-08 21:58:17 +000074<p>
Chris Lattnerf5cd9862008-10-13 18:01:01 +000075The LLVM 2.4 distribution currently consists of code from the core LLVM
Chris Lattner44c09cd2008-10-13 18:11:54 +000076repository (which roughly includes the LLVM optimizers, code generators and
Chris Lattnerc75fd522008-06-08 21:58:17 +000077supporting tools) and the llvm-gcc repository. In addition to this code, the
78LLVM Project includes other sub-projects that are in development. The two which
Chris Lattnerd8b33e02008-10-11 18:18:28 +000079are the most actively developed are the <a href="#clang">Clang Project</a> and
Duncan Sandsb34d5902008-10-13 18:33:28 +000080the <a href="#vmkit">vmkit Project</a>.
Chris Lattnerc75fd522008-06-08 21:58:17 +000081</p>
Chris Lattnerf5cd9862008-10-13 18:01:01 +000082
Chris Lattnerc75fd522008-06-08 21:58:17 +000083</div>
84
Chris Lattnerf5cd9862008-10-13 18:01:01 +000085
Chris Lattnerc75fd522008-06-08 21:58:17 +000086<!--=========================================================================-->
Chris Lattnerf5cd9862008-10-13 18:01:01 +000087<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattner44c09cd2008-10-13 18:11:54 +000088<a name="clang">Clang: C/C++/Objective-C Frontend Toolkit</a>
Chris Lattnerc75fd522008-06-08 21:58:17 +000089</div>
90
91<div class="doc_text">
92
93<p>The <a href="http://clang.llvm.org/">Clang project</a> is an effort to build
94a set of new 'LLVM native' front-end technologies for the LLVM optimizer
95and code generator. Clang is continuing to make major strides forward in all
96areas. Its C and Objective-C parsing support is very solid, and the code
97generation support is far enough along to build many C applications. While not
98yet production quality, it is progressing very nicely. In addition, C++
99front-end work has started to make significant progress.</p>
100
Chris Lattnerbcffa5a2008-10-14 00:52:49 +0000101<p>Codegen progress/state [DANIEL]</p>
Chris Lattnerd8b33e02008-10-11 18:18:28 +0000102
Chris Lattner44c09cd2008-10-13 18:11:54 +0000103</div>
104
105<!--=========================================================================-->
106<div class="doc_subsection">
107<a name="clangsa">Clang Static Analyzer</a>
108</div>
109
110<div class="doc_text">
111
112<p>The
Chris Lattnerd8b33e02008-10-11 18:18:28 +0000113<a href="http://clang.llvm.org/StaticAnalysis.html">static analysis tool</a>
Chris Lattnerbcffa5a2008-10-14 00:52:49 +0000114
115[TED]
Chris Lattner44c09cd2008-10-13 18:11:54 +0000116.</p>
Chris Lattnerc75fd522008-06-08 21:58:17 +0000117
118</div>
119
Chris Lattnerf5cd9862008-10-13 18:01:01 +0000120<!--=========================================================================-->
121<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattner44c09cd2008-10-13 18:11:54 +0000122<a name="vmkit">vmkit: JVM/CLI Virtual Machine Implementation</a>
Chris Lattnerf5cd9862008-10-13 18:01:01 +0000123</div>
124
125<div class="doc_text">
126<p>
Chris Lattner44c09cd2008-10-13 18:11:54 +0000127The <a href="http://vmkit.llvm.org/">vmkit project</a> is an implementation of
Chris Lattnerf5cd9862008-10-13 18:01:01 +0000128a JVM and a CLI Virtual Machines (Microsoft .NET is an
129implementation of the CLI) using the Just-In-Time compiler of LLVM.</p>
130
Chris Lattnerbcffa5a2008-10-14 00:52:49 +0000131<p>[NICOLAS]</p>
Chris Lattnerf5cd9862008-10-13 18:01:01 +0000132
133</div>
134
Chris Lattnerc75fd522008-06-08 21:58:17 +0000135
136<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
137<div class="doc_section">
Chris Lattnerf5cd9862008-10-13 18:01:01 +0000138 <a name="whatsnew">What's New in LLVM?</a>
Chris Lattnerc75fd522008-06-08 21:58:17 +0000139</div>
140<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
141
Chris Lattnerb7bc2aa2008-06-08 22:59:35 +0000142<div class="doc_text">
143
Chris Lattner1e4d5bc2008-10-13 17:57:36 +0000144<p>This release includes a huge number of bug fixes, performance tweaks and
145minor improvements. Some of the major improvements and new features are listed
146in this section.
Chris Lattnerb7bc2aa2008-06-08 22:59:35 +0000147</p>
148</div>
149
Chris Lattnerc75fd522008-06-08 21:58:17 +0000150<!--=========================================================================-->
Chris Lattner625a3d82008-06-08 21:34:41 +0000151<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattnercdc44ed2008-02-06 18:00:06 +0000152<a name="majorfeatures">Major New Features</a>
153</div>
154
155<div class="doc_text">
156
Chris Lattnerd8b33e02008-10-11 18:18:28 +0000157<p>LLVM 2.4 includes several major new capabilities:</p>
Chris Lattner97beb512007-05-14 06:56:09 +0000158
159<ul>
Chris Lattner591ef272008-10-13 20:47:20 +0000160<li><p>The most visible end-user change in LLVM 2.4 is that it includes many
Chris Lattner25879d72008-10-13 21:50:36 +0000161optimizations and changes to make -O0 compile times much faster. You should see
Chris Lattner591ef272008-10-13 20:47:20 +0000162improvements on the order of 30% or more faster than LLVM 2.3. There are many
163pieces to this change, described in more detail below. The speedups and new
164components can also be used for JIT compilers that want fast compilation as
165well.</p></li>
Chris Lattnerd8b33e02008-10-11 18:18:28 +0000166
Chris Lattner591ef272008-10-13 20:47:20 +0000167<li><p>The biggest change to the LLVM IR is that Multiple Return Values (which
168were introduced in LLVM 2.3) have been generalized to full support for "First
169Class Aggregate" values in LLVM 2.4. This means that LLVM IR supports using
170structs and arrays as values in a function. This capability is mostly useful
171for front-end authors, who prefer to treat things like complex numbers, simple
172tuples, dope vectors, etc as Value*'s instead of as a tuple of Value*'s or as
173memory values.</p></li>
Mikhail Glushenkov024f7cf2008-10-13 02:08:34 +0000174
Chris Lattner591ef272008-10-13 20:47:20 +0000175<li><p>LLVM 2.4 also includes an initial port for the PIC16 microprocessor. This
176is the LLVM targer that only has support for 8 bit registers, and a number of
177other crazy constraints. While the port is still in early development stages,
178it shows some interesting things you can do with LLVM.</p></li>
Chris Lattner618a99f2008-06-05 06:57:39 +0000179
Chris Lattner458e79f2008-02-10 08:18:42 +0000180</ul>
181
Chris Lattner97beb512007-05-14 06:56:09 +0000182</div>
183
Chris Lattnerb7112222008-06-05 06:25:56 +0000184
185<!--=========================================================================-->
186<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattner625a3d82008-06-08 21:34:41 +0000187<a name="llvm-gcc">llvm-gcc 4.2 Improvements</a>
Chris Lattnerb7112222008-06-05 06:25:56 +0000188</div>
189
190<div class="doc_text">
191
Chris Lattner591ef272008-10-13 20:47:20 +0000192<p>LLVM fully supports the llvm-gcc 4.2 front-end, which marries the GCC
193front-ends and driver with the LLVM optimizer and code generator. It currently
194includes support for the C, C++, Objective-C, Ada, and Fortran front-ends.</p>
Chris Lattnerb7112222008-06-05 06:25:56 +0000195
Chris Lattnerb7bc2aa2008-06-08 22:59:35 +0000196<ul>
Chris Lattner0327f0b2008-10-13 20:59:32 +0000197<li>LLVM 2.4 supports the full set of atomic <tt>__sync_*</tt> builtins. LLVM
1982.3 only supported those used by OpenMP, but 2.4 supports them all. While
Chris Lattner25879d72008-10-13 21:50:36 +0000199llvm-gcc supports all of these builtins, note that not all targets do. X86
200support them all in both 32-bit and 64-bit mode and PowerPC supports them all
201except for the 64-bit operations when in 32-bit mode.</li>
Chris Lattnerb7bc2aa2008-06-08 22:59:35 +0000202
Chris Lattner0327f0b2008-10-13 20:59:32 +0000203<li>llvm-gcc now supports an <tt>-flimited-precision</tt> option, which tells
204the compiler that it is ok to use low-precision approximations of certain libm
Chris Lattner591ef272008-10-13 20:47:20 +0000205functions (like tan, log, etc). This allows you to get high performance if you
206only need (say) 14-bits of precision.</li>
207
208<li>llvm-gcc now supports a C language extension known as "<a
209href="http://lists.cs.uiuc.edu/pipermail/cfe-dev/2008-August/002670.html">Blocks
210</a>. This feature is similar to nested functions and closures, but does not
211require stack trampolines (with most ABIs) and supports returning closures
212from functions that define them. Note that actually <em>using</em> Blocks
213requires a small runtime that is not included with llvm-gcc.</li>
214
215<li>llvm-gcc now supports a new <tt>-flto</tt> option. On systems that support
216transparent Link Time Optimization (currently Darwin systems with Xcode 3.1 and
217later) this allows the use of LTO with other optimization levels like -Os.
218Previously, LTO could only be used with -O4, which implied optimizations in
219-O3 that can increase code size.</li>
Gabor Greif7f39fb52008-06-09 06:06:18 +0000220</ul>
Chris Lattnerb7112222008-06-05 06:25:56 +0000221
Chris Lattnerb7112222008-06-05 06:25:56 +0000222</div>
223
224
Chris Lattner0a1fd102007-09-21 03:54:09 +0000225<!--=========================================================================-->
226<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattnerdd6acc02008-02-10 08:17:19 +0000227<a name="coreimprovements">LLVM Core Improvements</a>
228</div>
229
230<div class="doc_text">
231<p>New features include:
232</p>
233
Chris Lattnerb7112222008-06-05 06:25:56 +0000234<ul>
Chris Lattner0327f0b2008-10-13 20:59:32 +0000235<li>A major change to the "Use" class landed, which shrank it by 25%. Since
236this is a pervasive part of the LLVM, it ended up reducing the memory use of
237LLVM IR in general by 15% for most programs.</li>
238
239<li>Values with no names are now pretty printed by <tt>llvm-dis</tt> more
240nicely. They now print as "<tt>%3 = add i32 %A, 4</tt>" instead of
241"<tt>add i32 %A, 4 ; &lt;i32&gt;:3</tt>", which makes it much easier to read.
242</li>
243
244<li>LLVM 2.4 includes some changes for better vector support. First, the shift
245operations (<tt>shl</tt>, <tt>ashr</tt>, <tt>lshr</tt>) now all support vectors
246and do an element-by-element shift (shifts of the whole vector can be
247accomplished by bitcasting the vector to &lt;1 x i128&gt; for example). Second,
Chris Lattnerbcffa5a2008-10-14 00:52:49 +0000248there is initial support in development for vector comparisons with the
249<a href="LangRef.html#i_fcmp">fcmp</a>/<a href="LangRef.html#i_icmp">icmp</a>
250instructions. These instructions compare two vectors and return a vector of
251i1's for each result. Note that there is very little codegen support available
252for any of these IR features though.</li>
Chris Lattner0327f0b2008-10-13 20:59:32 +0000253
254<li>A new <tt>DebugInfoBuilder</tt> class is available, which makes it much
255easier for front-ends to create debug info descriptors, similar to the way that
256IRBuilder makes it easier to create LLVM IR.</li>
257
258<li>LLVM now supports "function attributes", which allows us to seperate return
259value attributes from function attributes. LLVM now supports attributes on a
260function itself, a return value, and its parameters. New supported function
261attributes include noinline/alwaysinline and the "opt-size" flag which says the
262function should be optimized for code size.</li>
263
Chris Lattner63969522008-10-12 18:30:33 +0000264<li>LLVM IR now directly represents "common" linkage, instead of
265 representing it as a form of weak linkage.</li>
Chris Lattner0327f0b2008-10-13 20:59:32 +0000266
Chris Lattnerdd6acc02008-02-10 08:17:19 +0000267</ul>
Mikhail Glushenkov024f7cf2008-10-13 02:08:34 +0000268
Chris Lattnerdd6acc02008-02-10 08:17:19 +0000269</div>
270
271<!--=========================================================================-->
272<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattner2b8a52e2008-02-10 07:46:44 +0000273<a name="optimizer">Optimizer Improvements</a>
274</div>
275
276<div class="doc_text">
277
Chris Lattner25879d72008-10-13 21:50:36 +0000278<p>In addition to a huge array of bug fixes and minor performance tweaks, this
279release includes a few major enhancements and additions to the optimizers:</p>
Chris Lattner2b8a52e2008-02-10 07:46:44 +0000280
281<ul>
282
Chris Lattner25879d72008-10-13 21:50:36 +0000283<li>The Global Value Numbering (GVN) pass now does local Partial Redundancy
284Elimination (PRE) to eliminate some partially redundant expressions in cases
285where doing so won't grow code size.</li>
Chris Lattnerc4d68542008-10-12 19:47:48 +0000286
Chris Lattner25879d72008-10-13 21:50:36 +0000287<li>LLVM 2.4 includes a new loop deletion pass (which removes output-free
288provably-finite loops) and a rewritten Aggressive Dead Code Elimination (ADCE)
289pass that no longer uses control dependence information. These changes speed up
290the optimizer and also prevents it from deleting output-free infinite
291loops.</li>
Chris Lattnerc4d68542008-10-12 19:47:48 +0000292
Duncan Sands8547c2d2008-10-13 18:42:43 +0000293<li>The new AddReadAttrs pass works out which functions are read-only or
294read-none (these correspond to 'pure' and 'const' in C) and marks them
295with the appropriate attribute.</li>
Chris Lattner25879d72008-10-13 21:50:36 +0000296
297<li>LLVM 2.4 now includes a new SparsePropagation framework, which makes it
298trivial to build lattice-based dataflow solvers that operate over LLVM IR. Using
299this interface means that you just define objects to represent your lattice
300values and the transfer functions that operate on them. It handles the
301mechanics of worklist processing, liveness tracking, handling PHI nodes,
302etc.</li>
303
304<li>Various helper functions (ComputeMaskedBits, ComputeNumSignBits, etc) were
305pulled out of the Instruction Combining pass and put into a new
306<tt>ValueTracking.h</tt> header, where they can be reused by other passes.</li>
307
308<li>The tail duplication pass has been removed from the standard optimizer
309sequence used by llvm-gcc. This pass still exists, but the benefits it once
310provided are now achieved by other passes.</li>
311
Chris Lattner7795ea92008-06-08 02:45:07 +0000312</ul>
313
314</div>
315
316<!--=========================================================================-->
317<div class="doc_subsection">
318<a name="codegen">Code Generator Improvements</a>
319</div>
320
321<div class="doc_text">
322
323<p>We put a significant amount of work into the code generator infrastructure,
324which allows us to implement more aggressive algorithms and make it run
325faster:</p>
326
327<ul>
Chris Lattner25879d72008-10-13 21:50:36 +0000328<li>The target-independent code generator supports (and the X86 backend
329 currently implements) a new interface for "fast" instruction selection. This
330 interface is optimized to produce code as quickly as possible, sacrificing
331 code quality to do it. This is used by default at -O0 or when using
332 "llc -fast" on X86. It is straight-forward to add support for
333 other targets if faster -O0 compilation is desired.</li>
334
335<li>In addition to the new 'fast' instruction selection path, many existing
336 pieces of the code generator have been optimized in significant ways.
337 SelectionDAG's are now pool allocated and use better algorithms in many
338 places, the ".s" file printers now use raw_ostream to emit text much faster,
339 etc. The end result of these improvements is that the compiler also takes
340 substantially less time to generate code that is just as good (and often
341 better) than before.</li>
342
343<li>Each target has been split to separate the .s file printing logic from the
344 rest of the target. This enables JIT compilers that don't link in the
345 (somewhat large) code and data tables used for printing a .s file.</li>
346
347<li>The code generator now includes a "stack slot coloring" pass, which packs
348 together individual spilled values into common stack slots. This reduces
349 the size of stack frames with many spills, which tends to increase L1 cache
350 effectiveness.</li>
351
352<li>Various pieces of the register allocator (e.g. the coalescer and two-address
353 operation elimination pass) now know how to rematerialize trivial operations
354 to avoid copies and include several other optimizations.</li>
355
356<li>The <a href="CodeGenerator.html#selectiondag_process">graphs</a> produced by
357 the <tt>llc -view-*-dags</tt> options are now significantly prettier and
358 easier to read.</li>
359
360<li>LLVM 2.4 includes a new register allocator based on Partitioned Boolean
361 Quadratic Programming (PBQP). This register allocator is still in
362 development, but is very simple and clean.</li>
Chris Lattner7795ea92008-06-08 02:45:07 +0000363
Chris Lattner0a1fd102007-09-21 03:54:09 +0000364</ul>
365
366</div>
367
368
369<!--=========================================================================-->
370<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattner934e2d42008-10-13 22:06:31 +0000371<a name="targetspecific">Target Specific Improvements</a>
Chris Lattner0a1fd102007-09-21 03:54:09 +0000372</div>
Chris Lattner727c3742007-05-18 06:33:02 +0000373
Chris Lattner89e761c2006-04-18 06:32:08 +0000374<div class="doc_text">
Chris Lattnerdd6acc02008-02-10 08:17:19 +0000375<p>New target-specific features include:
Chris Lattner97beb512007-05-14 06:56:09 +0000376</p>
Chris Lattnerb81f10e2006-11-18 07:51:14 +0000377
378<ul>
Chris Lattnerc4d68542008-10-12 19:47:48 +0000379<li>Exception handling is supported by default on Linux/x86-64.</li>
Duncan Sands719f7782008-10-13 17:32:15 +0000380<li>Position Independent Code (PIC) is now supported on Linux/x86-64.</li>
Chris Lattner934e2d42008-10-13 22:06:31 +0000381<li>MIPS floating point support? [BRUNO]</li>
382<li>The PowerPC backend now supports trampolines.</li>
Chris Lattner6cb64032008-06-05 08:02:49 +0000383</ul>
Chris Lattner6cb64032008-06-05 08:02:49 +0000384
Mikhail Glushenkov024f7cf2008-10-13 02:08:34 +0000385</div>
Chris Lattner6cb64032008-06-05 08:02:49 +0000386
387
388<!--=========================================================================-->
389<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattner0a1fd102007-09-21 03:54:09 +0000390<a name="otherimprovements">Other Improvements</a>
391</div>
392
393<div class="doc_text">
394<p>New features include:
395</p>
396
397<ul>
Mikhail Glushenkovd3ec89e2008-10-13 02:46:01 +0000398<li><tt>llvmc2</tt> (the generic compiler driver) gained plugin
Chris Lattner934e2d42008-10-13 22:06:31 +0000399 support. It is now easier to experiment with <tt>llvmc2</tt> and
400 build your own tools based on it.</li>
401
402<li>LLVM 2.4 includes a number of new generic algorithms and data structures,
403 include a scoped hash table, 'immutable' data structures, and a
404 <tt>raw_ostream</tt> class. The <tt>raw_ostream</tt> class and
405 <tt>format</tt> allow for efficient file output, and various pieces of LLVM
406 have switched over to use it. The eventual goal is to eliminate
407 std::ostream in favor of it.</li>
408
409<li>Recycler + pool allocation stuff? [DAN]</li>
Chris Lattner0a1fd102007-09-21 03:54:09 +0000410</ul>
Mikhail Glushenkov024f7cf2008-10-13 02:08:34 +0000411
Chris Lattner0a1fd102007-09-21 03:54:09 +0000412</div>
Chris Lattner72a269f2006-03-03 00:34:26 +0000413
Chris Lattner1e4d5bc2008-10-13 17:57:36 +0000414<!--=========================================================================-->
415<div class="doc_subsection">
416<a name="changes">Major Changes and Removed Features</a>
417</div>
418
419<div class="doc_text">
420
Chris Lattner934e2d42008-10-13 22:06:31 +0000421<p>If you're already an LLVM user or developer with out-of-tree changes based
422on LLVM 2.3, this section lists some "gotchas" that you may run into upgrading
423from the previous release.</p>
Chris Lattner1e4d5bc2008-10-13 17:57:36 +0000424
425<ul>
426
Chris Lattner934e2d42008-10-13 22:06:31 +0000427<li>The LLVM IR generated by llvm-gcc no longer names all instructions. This
428 makes it run faster, but may be more confusing to some people. If you
429 prefer to have names, the '<tt>opt -instnamer</tt>' pass will add names to
430 all instructions.</li>
431
432<li>The LoadVN and GCSE passes have been removed from the tree. They are
433 obsolete and have been replaced with the GVN and MemoryDependence passes.
434 </li>
435</ul>
436
437
438<p>In addition, many APIs have changed in this release. Some of the major LLVM
439API changes are:</p>
440
441<ul>
442
443<li>Attributes changes [DEVANG] </li>
Chris Lattner1e4d5bc2008-10-13 17:57:36 +0000444
445<li>The <tt>DbgStopPointInst</tt> methods <tt>getDirectory</tt> and
446<tt>getFileName</tt> now return <tt>Value*</tt> instead of strings. These can be
447converted to strings using <tt>llvm::GetConstantStringInfo</tt> defined via
448"llvm/Analysis/ValueTracking.h".</li>
449
Chris Lattner934e2d42008-10-13 22:06:31 +0000450<li>The APIs to create various instructions have changed from lower case
451 "create" methods to upper case "Create" methods (e.g.
452 <tt>BinaryOperator::create</tt>). LLVM 2.4 includes both cases, but the
453 lower case ones are removed in mainline, please migrate.</li>
454
Chris Lattner1e4d5bc2008-10-13 17:57:36 +0000455<li>Various header files like "llvm/ADT/iterator" were given a .h suffix.
456 Change your code to #include "llvm/ADT/iterator.h" instead.</li>
457
458</ul>
459
460</div>
461
462
463
Chris Lattner62495762003-10-02 16:38:05 +0000464<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000465<div class="doc_section">
466 <a name="portability">Portability and Supported Platforms</a>
467</div>
Chris Lattner62495762003-10-02 16:38:05 +0000468<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
469
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000470<div class="doc_text">
471
John Criswell64307722004-12-08 20:35:47 +0000472<p>LLVM is known to work on the following platforms:</p>
Chris Lattner2c7b0872004-06-01 18:22:41 +0000473
474<ul>
Mikhail Glushenkov024f7cf2008-10-13 02:08:34 +0000475<li>Intel and AMD machines (IA32) running Red Hat Linux, Fedora Core and FreeBSD
Reid Spencer9803b402005-05-17 02:47:27 +0000476 (and probably other unix-like systems).</li>
Chris Lattner7422bce2008-02-06 06:30:34 +0000477<li>PowerPC and X86-based Mac OS X systems, running 10.3 and above in 32-bit and
Chris Lattnerb81f10e2006-11-18 07:51:14 +0000478 64-bit modes.</li>
Chris Lattnercdc44ed2008-02-06 18:00:06 +0000479<li>Intel and AMD machines running on Win32 using MinGW libraries (native).</li>
Chris Lattnerbee7b322007-05-23 04:39:32 +0000480<li>Intel and AMD machines running on Win32 with the Cygwin libraries (limited
481 support is available for native builds with Visual C++).</li>
Gabor Greif80ae8a72008-06-05 18:39:01 +0000482<li>Sun UltraSPARC workstations running Solaris 10.</li>
John Criswelld5234922005-05-13 20:28:15 +0000483<li>Alpha-based machines running Debian GNU/Linux.</li>
Gabor Greif80ae8a72008-06-05 18:39:01 +0000484<li>Itanium-based (IA64) machines running Linux and HP-UX.</li>
Chris Lattner2c7b0872004-06-01 18:22:41 +0000485</ul>
486
Chris Lattner618a99f2008-06-05 06:57:39 +0000487<p>The core LLVM infrastructure uses GNU autoconf to adapt itself
Brian Gaekee3e557e2004-05-09 05:28:35 +0000488to the machine and operating system on which it is built. However, minor
489porting may be required to get LLVM to work on new platforms. We welcome your
490portability patches and reports of successful builds or error messages.</p>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000491
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000492</div>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000493
494<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000495<div class="doc_section">
496 <a name="knownproblems">Known Problems</a>
497</div>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000498<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
499
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000500<div class="doc_text">
501
502<p>This section contains all known problems with the LLVM system, listed by
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000503component. As new problems are discovered, they will be added to these
Chris Lattnerb84f3322003-12-12 21:22:16 +0000504sections. If you run into a problem, please check the <a
Chris Lattnera69595e2005-10-29 07:07:09 +0000505href="http://llvm.org/bugs/">LLVM bug database</a> and submit a bug if
Chris Lattnerb84f3322003-12-12 21:22:16 +0000506there isn't already one.</p>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000507
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000508</div>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000509
Chris Lattnerb911de42004-03-14 02:03:02 +0000510<!-- ======================================================================= -->
511<div class="doc_subsection">
512 <a name="experimental">Experimental features included with this release</a>
513</div>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000514
Chris Lattnerb911de42004-03-14 02:03:02 +0000515<div class="doc_text">
516
Misha Brukmanfa50a222004-05-12 21:46:05 +0000517<p>The following components of this LLVM release are either untested, known to
518be broken or unreliable, or are in early development. These components should
519not be relied on, and bugs should not be filed against them, but they may be
520useful to some people. In particular, if you would like to work on one of these
Chris Lattnere38ac152008-02-12 06:29:45 +0000521components, please contact us on the <a
522href="http://lists.cs.uiuc.edu/mailman/listinfo/llvmdev">LLVMdev list</a>.</p>
Chris Lattnerb911de42004-03-14 02:03:02 +0000523
524<ul>
Chris Lattnere38ac152008-02-12 06:29:45 +0000525<li>The MSIL, IA64, Alpha, SPU, and MIPS backends are experimental.</li>
Duncan Sands56448462008-06-08 20:18:35 +0000526<li>The llc "<tt>-filetype=asm</tt>" (the default) is the only supported
Chris Lattner7422bce2008-02-06 06:30:34 +0000527 value for this option.</li>
Chris Lattnerb911de42004-03-14 02:03:02 +0000528</ul>
529
530</div>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000531
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000532<!-- ======================================================================= -->
533<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattnerb81f10e2006-11-18 07:51:14 +0000534 <a name="x86-be">Known problems with the X86 back-end</a>
John Criswell3bdbd302005-11-08 21:11:33 +0000535</div>
536
537<div class="doc_text">
538
539<ul>
Anton Korobeynikov486c7d32008-06-08 10:24:13 +0000540 <li>The X86 backend does not yet support
541 all <a href="http://llvm.org/PR879">inline assembly that uses the X86
542 floating point stack</a>. It supports the 'f' and 't' constraints, but not
543 'u'.</li>
Chris Lattnerb076b002008-06-08 21:19:07 +0000544 <li>The X86 backend generates inefficient floating point code when configured
545 to generate code for systems that don't have SSE2.</li>
Duncan Sands0bc15262008-06-08 19:38:43 +0000546 <li>Win64 code generation wasn't widely tested. Everything should work, but we
Anton Korobeynikov486c7d32008-06-08 10:24:13 +0000547 expect small issues to happen. Also, llvm-gcc cannot build mingw64 runtime
548 currently due
549 to <a href="http://llvm.org/PR2255">several</a>
Chris Lattner54d12102008-06-08 23:12:47 +0000550 <a href="http://llvm.org/PR2257">bugs</a> due to lack of support for the
551 'u' inline assembly constraint and X87 floating point inline assembly.</li>
Dan Gohman721b3722008-06-08 23:05:11 +0000552 <li>The X86-64 backend does not yet support the LLVM IR instruction
553 <tt>va_arg</tt>. Currently, the llvm-gcc front-end supports variadic
554 argument constructs on X86-64 by lowering them manually.</li>
Chris Lattnerb81f10e2006-11-18 07:51:14 +0000555</ul>
556
557</div>
558
559<!-- ======================================================================= -->
560<div class="doc_subsection">
561 <a name="ppc-be">Known problems with the PowerPC back-end</a>
562</div>
563
564<div class="doc_text">
565
566<ul>
Nicolas Geoffray77d99502007-05-15 09:21:28 +0000567<li>The Linux PPC32/ABI support needs testing for the interpreter and static
Chris Lattnerbee7b322007-05-23 04:39:32 +0000568compilation, and lacks support for debug information.</li>
Chris Lattnerb81f10e2006-11-18 07:51:14 +0000569</ul>
570
571</div>
572
573<!-- ======================================================================= -->
574<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattner97beb512007-05-14 06:56:09 +0000575 <a name="arm-be">Known problems with the ARM back-end</a>
576</div>
577
578<div class="doc_text">
579
580<ul>
Chris Lattnerbee7b322007-05-23 04:39:32 +0000581<li>Thumb mode works only on ARMv6 or higher processors. On sub-ARMv6
Duncan Sands47fc0a22007-09-26 15:59:54 +0000582processors, thumb programs can crash or produce wrong
Chris Lattnerbee7b322007-05-23 04:39:32 +0000583results (<a href="http://llvm.org/PR1388">PR1388</a>).</li>
Chris Lattner97beb512007-05-14 06:56:09 +0000584<li>Compilation for ARM Linux OABI (old ABI) is supported, but not fully tested.
585</li>
Chris Lattnerb076b002008-06-08 21:19:07 +0000586<li>There is a bug in QEMU-ARM (&lt;= 0.9.0) which causes it to incorrectly
587 execute
Chris Lattnerbee7b322007-05-23 04:39:32 +0000588programs compiled with LLVM. Please use more recent versions of QEMU.</li>
Chris Lattner97beb512007-05-14 06:56:09 +0000589</ul>
590
591</div>
592
593<!-- ======================================================================= -->
594<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattnerb81f10e2006-11-18 07:51:14 +0000595 <a name="sparc-be">Known problems with the SPARC back-end</a>
596</div>
597
598<div class="doc_text">
599
600<ul>
601<li>The SPARC backend only supports the 32-bit SPARC ABI (-m32), it does not
602 support the 64-bit SPARC ABI (-m64).</li>
603</ul>
604
605</div>
606
607<!-- ======================================================================= -->
608<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattnerb81f10e2006-11-18 07:51:14 +0000609 <a name="alpha-be">Known problems with the Alpha back-end</a>
610</div>
611
612<div class="doc_text">
613
614<ul>
615
616<li>On 21164s, some rare FP arithmetic sequences which may trap do not have the
617appropriate nops inserted to ensure restartability.</li>
618
John Criswell3bdbd302005-11-08 21:11:33 +0000619</ul>
620</div>
621
Chris Lattnerb81f10e2006-11-18 07:51:14 +0000622<!-- ======================================================================= -->
623<div class="doc_subsection">
624 <a name="ia64-be">Known problems with the IA64 back-end</a>
625</div>
626
627<div class="doc_text">
628
629<ul>
Chris Lattner54d12102008-06-08 23:12:47 +0000630<li>The Itanium backend is highly experimental, and has a number of known
631 issues. We are looking for a maintainer for the Itanium backend. If you
632 are interested, please contact the llvmdev mailing list.</li>
Chris Lattnerb81f10e2006-11-18 07:51:14 +0000633</ul>
634
635</div>
636
637<!-- ======================================================================= -->
638<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattner97beb512007-05-14 06:56:09 +0000639 <a name="c-be">Known problems with the C back-end</a>
Chris Lattnerb81f10e2006-11-18 07:51:14 +0000640</div>
641
642<div class="doc_text">
643
644<ul>
Chris Lattnera1a4c9a2008-06-05 06:35:40 +0000645<li><a href="http://llvm.org/PR802">The C backend has only basic support for
646 inline assembly code</a>.</li>
Chris Lattner8e061162007-09-26 06:01:35 +0000647<li><a href="http://llvm.org/PR1658">The C backend violates the ABI of common
648 C++ programs</a>, preventing intermixing between C++ compiled by the CBE and
Duncan Sands56448462008-06-08 20:18:35 +0000649 C++ code compiled with llc or native compilers.</li>
Duncan Sandse09506a2008-02-10 13:40:55 +0000650<li>The C backend does not support all exception handling constructs.</li>
Chris Lattnerb81f10e2006-11-18 07:51:14 +0000651</ul>
652
653</div>
John Criswell3bdbd302005-11-08 21:11:33 +0000654
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000655
656<!-- ======================================================================= -->
657<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattnera1a4c9a2008-06-05 06:35:40 +0000658 <a name="c-fe">Known problems with the llvm-gcc C front-end</a>
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000659</div>
Chris Lattner178f3db2003-10-02 05:07:23 +0000660
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000661<div class="doc_text">
Chris Lattner72a269f2006-03-03 00:34:26 +0000662
Chris Lattnercdc44ed2008-02-06 18:00:06 +0000663<p>llvm-gcc does not currently support <a href="http://llvm.org/PR869">Link-Time
664Optimization</a> on most platforms "out-of-the-box". Please inquire on the
Chris Lattner97beb512007-05-14 06:56:09 +0000665llvmdev mailing list if you are interested.</p>
Chris Lattner44124232006-08-08 17:27:28 +0000666
Chris Lattnera1a4c9a2008-06-05 06:35:40 +0000667<p>The only major language feature of GCC not supported by llvm-gcc is
668 the <tt>__builtin_apply</tt> family of builtins. However, some extensions
669 are only supported on some targets. For example, trampolines are only
Duncan Sands56448462008-06-08 20:18:35 +0000670 supported on some targets (these are used when you take the address of a
671 nested function).</p>
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000672
Chris Lattnera1a4c9a2008-06-05 06:35:40 +0000673<p>If you run into GCC extensions which are not supported, please let us know.
674</p>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000675
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000676</div>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000677
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000678<!-- ======================================================================= -->
679<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattnera1a4c9a2008-06-05 06:35:40 +0000680 <a name="c++-fe">Known problems with the llvm-gcc C++ front-end</a>
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000681</div>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000682
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000683<div class="doc_text">
684
Chris Lattner97beb512007-05-14 06:56:09 +0000685<p>The C++ front-end is considered to be fully
Chris Lattnerb5bb5972004-12-07 08:04:13 +0000686tested and works for a number of non-trivial programs, including LLVM
Chris Lattner97beb512007-05-14 06:56:09 +0000687itself, Qt, Mozilla, etc.</p>
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000688
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000689<ul>
Anton Korobeynikov28f08aa2008-10-11 18:27:16 +0000690<li>Exception handling works well on the X86 and PowerPC targets. Currently
691 only linux and darwin targets are supported (both 32 and 64 bit).</li>
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000692</ul>
Chris Lattner46ecf612003-10-07 22:14:37 +0000693
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000694</div>
695
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000696
Chris Lattnere38ac152008-02-12 06:29:45 +0000697<!-- ======================================================================= -->
698<div class="doc_subsection">
Chris Lattnera1a4c9a2008-06-05 06:35:40 +0000699 <a name="ada-fe">Known problems with the llvm-gcc Ada front-end</a>
Chris Lattnere38ac152008-02-12 06:29:45 +0000700</div>
701
702<div class="doc_text">
703The llvm-gcc 4.2 Ada compiler works fairly well, however this is not a mature
704technology and problems should be expected.
705<ul>
Duncan Sands56448462008-06-08 20:18:35 +0000706<li>The Ada front-end currently only builds on X86-32. This is mainly due
Chris Lattnere38ac152008-02-12 06:29:45 +0000707to lack of trampoline support (pointers to nested functions) on other platforms,
Duncan Sands56448462008-06-08 20:18:35 +0000708however it <a href="http://llvm.org/PR2006">also fails to build on X86-64</a>
Chris Lattnere38ac152008-02-12 06:29:45 +0000709which does support trampolines.</li>
710<li>The Ada front-end <a href="http://llvm.org/PR2007">fails to bootstrap</a>.
711Workaround: configure with --disable-bootstrap.</li>
Duncan Sandsaef747f2008-10-13 17:27:23 +0000712<li>The c380004, <a href="http://llvm.org/PR2010">c393010</a>
713and <a href="http://llvm.org/PR2421">cxg2021</a> ACATS tests fail
714(c380004 also fails with gcc-4.2 mainline).</li>
715<li>Some gcc specific Ada tests continue to crash the compiler.</li>
Chris Lattnere38ac152008-02-12 06:29:45 +0000716<li>The -E binder option (exception backtraces)
717<a href="http://llvm.org/PR1982">does not work</a> and will result in programs
718crashing if an exception is raised. Workaround: do not use -E.</li>
719<li>Only discrete types <a href="http://llvm.org/PR1981">are allowed to start
720or finish at a non-byte offset</a> in a record. Workaround: do not pack records
721or use representation clauses that result in a field of a non-discrete type
722starting or finishing in the middle of a byte.</li>
Chris Lattnerb076b002008-06-08 21:19:07 +0000723<li>The <tt>lli</tt> interpreter <a href="http://llvm.org/PR2009">considers
724'main' as generated by the Ada binder to be invalid</a>.
725Workaround: hand edit the file to use pointers for <tt>argv</tt> and
726<tt>envp</tt> rather than integers.</li>
727<li>The <tt>-fstack-check</tt> option <a href="http://llvm.org/PR2008">is
728ignored</a>.</li>
Chris Lattnere38ac152008-02-12 06:29:45 +0000729</ul>
730</div>
731
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000732<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000733<div class="doc_section">
734 <a name="additionalinfo">Additional Information</a>
735</div>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000736<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
737
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000738<div class="doc_text">
739
Chris Lattnercb5596d2005-05-16 17:13:10 +0000740<p>A wide variety of additional information is available on the <a
Chris Lattnere0c1df42007-05-18 00:44:29 +0000741href="http://llvm.org">LLVM web page</a>, in particular in the <a
742href="http://llvm.org/docs/">documentation</a> section. The web page also
Reid Spencerc7f87f22007-07-09 08:04:31 +0000743contains versions of the API documentation which is up-to-date with the
744Subversion version of the source code.
Misha Brukman96158092005-03-30 19:14:24 +0000745You can access versions of these documents specific to this release by going
746into the "<tt>llvm/doc/</tt>" directory in the LLVM tree.</p>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000747
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000748<p>If you have any questions or comments about LLVM, please feel free to contact
Chris Lattnera69595e2005-10-29 07:07:09 +0000749us via the <a href="http://llvm.org/docs/#maillist"> mailing
Chris Lattnerb84f3322003-12-12 21:22:16 +0000750lists</a>.</p>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000751
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000752</div>
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000753
754<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
Chris Lattner3d482502003-10-02 04:57:28 +0000755
Misha Brukman80731b92003-11-22 00:38:41 +0000756<hr>
Misha Brukman68aab3b2003-11-22 01:23:39 +0000757<address>
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760 <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check/referer"><img
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Misha Brukman68aab3b2003-11-22 01:23:39 +0000762
Chris Lattnere0c1df42007-05-18 00:44:29 +0000763 <a href="http://llvm.org/">LLVM Compiler Infrastructure</a><br>
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