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page.title=Android Core Technologies
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    <h2>In this document</h2>
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<p>Welcome to the Android core technologies section of the site. Here you
can find information on common features useful to people and organizations who are
looking to modify, contribute to, or port the Android software. This is "under
the hood" information intended for engineers.</p>

<h2 id="accessory-protocol-information">Accessories</h2>
<p>Android devices can connect to hardware accessories, such as audio docks,
keyboards and custom hardware, through USB or Bluetooth. This document
describes the Android Open Accessory protocol for accessory hardware builders.</p>
<p><a href="{@docRoot}accessories/index.html">&raquo; Accessory Protocol Information</a></p>

<h2 id="art-technical-information">ART</h2>
<p>The Android runtime (ART) is the heart of Android. It's a fast, ahead-of-time
compiled runtime with modern garbage collection designed to scale. Android applications are
compiled to Dalvik bytecode and run with ART. This section includes
detailed information such as the Dalvik Executable format specification,
and design information on the runtime itself.</p>
<p><a href="{@docRoot}devices/tech/dalvik/index.html">&raquo; ART and Dalvik Information</a></p>

<h2 id="data-usage-technical-information">Data Usage</h2>
<p>Android's data usage features allow users to understand and control how their
device uses network data. This document is designed for systems integrators
and mobile operators, to help explain technical details they should be aware
of when porting Android to specific devices.</p>
<p><a href="{@docRoot}devices/tech/datausage/index.html">&raquo; Data Usage Information</a></p>

<h2 id="debugging">Debugging and Tuning</h2>
<p>Android is a large and complex system. This section includes tips and tricks
about debugging at the platform level.</p>
<p><a href="{@docRoot}devices/debugtune.html">&raquo; Debugging Information</a></p>

<h2 id="HAL-technical-information">HAL File Reference</h2>
<p>Android's Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) provides the interface between
software APIs and hardware drivers. This section contains the commented code
files of the HAL.</p>
<p><a href="{@docRoot}devices/halref/files.html">&raquo; HAL Reference</a></p>

<h2 id="kernel-technical-information">Kernel</h2>
<p>The kernel configuration settings in this document are meant to be used as a base
for an Android kernel configuration. All devices should have the options in android-base
configuration enabled.</p>
<p><a href="{@docRoot}devices/tech/kernel.html">&raquo; Kernel Information</a></p>

<h2 id="lowram-technical-information">Low RAM</h2>
<p>Android supports devices with limited memory through various optimizations,
such as improved memory management, reduced system memory, and several
build-time and kernel configuration settings.</p>
<p><a href="{@docRoot}devices/low-ram.html">&raquo; Low RAM Information</a></p>

<h2 id="power-technical-information">Power</h2>
<p>Battery usage statistics are tracked by the framework. This involves keeping track of 
time spent by different device components in different states.</p>
<p><a href="{@docRoot}devices/tech/power.html">&raquo; Power Information</a></p>

<h2 id="security-technical-information">Security</h2>
<p>Android security comes with a variety of measures, including an application
sandbox, SELinux, dm-verity, encryption, and more.</p>
<p><a href="{@docRoot}devices/tech/security/index.html">&raquo; Security Information</a></p>

<h2 id="tradefed-test-infrastructure">Trade Federation Testing Infrastructure</h2>
<p>Trade Federation is a continuous test framework for running tests on Android devices. 
Trade Federation's modularity makes it straightforward to slot into environments with existing build, 
test, and reporting infrastructures.</p>
<p><a href="{@docRoot}devices/tech/test_infra/tradefed/index.html">&raquo; Trade Federation Testing Infrastructure Overview</a></p>