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Christoph Hellwig59e0b522018-07-31 13:39:35 +02001
2menu "Memory Management options"
3
Dave Hansene1785e82005-06-23 00:07:49 -07004config SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
5 def_bool y
Kees Cooka8826ee2013-01-16 18:54:17 -08006 depends on ARCH_SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
Dave Hansene1785e82005-06-23 00:07:49 -07007
Dave Hansen3a9da762005-06-23 00:07:42 -07008choice
9 prompt "Memory model"
Dave Hansene1785e82005-06-23 00:07:49 -070010 depends on SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
11 default DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL if ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_DEFAULT
Andy Whitcroftd41dee32005-06-23 00:07:54 -070012 default SPARSEMEM_MANUAL if ARCH_SPARSEMEM_DEFAULT
Dave Hansene1785e82005-06-23 00:07:49 -070013 default FLATMEM_MANUAL
Dave Hansen3a9da762005-06-23 00:07:42 -070014
Dave Hansene1785e82005-06-23 00:07:49 -070015config FLATMEM_MANUAL
Dave Hansen3a9da762005-06-23 00:07:42 -070016 bool "Flat Memory"
Anton Blanchardc898ec12006-01-06 00:12:07 -080017 depends on !(ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE || ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE) || ARCH_FLATMEM_ENABLE
Dave Hansen3a9da762005-06-23 00:07:42 -070018 help
19 This option allows you to change some of the ways that
20 Linux manages its memory internally. Most users will
21 only have one option here: FLATMEM. This is normal
22 and a correct option.
23
Andy Whitcroftd41dee32005-06-23 00:07:54 -070024 Some users of more advanced features like NUMA and
25 memory hotplug may have different options here.
Geert Uytterhoeven18f65332013-09-15 12:01:33 +020026 DISCONTIGMEM is a more mature, better tested system,
Andy Whitcroftd41dee32005-06-23 00:07:54 -070027 but is incompatible with memory hotplug and may suffer
28 decreased performance over SPARSEMEM. If unsure between
29 "Sparse Memory" and "Discontiguous Memory", choose
30 "Discontiguous Memory".
31
32 If unsure, choose this option (Flat Memory) over any other.
Dave Hansen3a9da762005-06-23 00:07:42 -070033
Dave Hansene1785e82005-06-23 00:07:49 -070034config DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL
Dave Hansenf3519f92005-09-16 19:27:54 -070035 bool "Discontiguous Memory"
Dave Hansen3a9da762005-06-23 00:07:42 -070036 depends on ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE
37 help
Dave Hansen785dcd42005-06-23 00:07:50 -070038 This option provides enhanced support for discontiguous
39 memory systems, over FLATMEM. These systems have holes
40 in their physical address spaces, and this option provides
41 more efficient handling of these holes. However, the vast
42 majority of hardware has quite flat address spaces, and
Philipp Marekad3d0a32007-10-20 02:46:58 +020043 can have degraded performance from the extra overhead that
Dave Hansen785dcd42005-06-23 00:07:50 -070044 this option imposes.
45
46 Many NUMA configurations will have this as the only option.
47
Dave Hansen3a9da762005-06-23 00:07:42 -070048 If unsure, choose "Flat Memory" over this option.
49
Andy Whitcroftd41dee32005-06-23 00:07:54 -070050config SPARSEMEM_MANUAL
51 bool "Sparse Memory"
52 depends on ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE
53 help
54 This will be the only option for some systems, including
55 memory hotplug systems. This is normal.
56
57 For many other systems, this will be an alternative to
Dave Hansenf3519f92005-09-16 19:27:54 -070058 "Discontiguous Memory". This option provides some potential
Andy Whitcroftd41dee32005-06-23 00:07:54 -070059 performance benefits, along with decreased code complexity,
60 but it is newer, and more experimental.
61
62 If unsure, choose "Discontiguous Memory" or "Flat Memory"
63 over this option.
64
Dave Hansen3a9da762005-06-23 00:07:42 -070065endchoice
66
Dave Hansene1785e82005-06-23 00:07:49 -070067config DISCONTIGMEM
68 def_bool y
69 depends on (!SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL && ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE) || DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL
70
Andy Whitcroftd41dee32005-06-23 00:07:54 -070071config SPARSEMEM
72 def_bool y
Russell King1a83e172009-10-26 16:50:12 -070073 depends on (!SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL && ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE) || SPARSEMEM_MANUAL
Andy Whitcroftd41dee32005-06-23 00:07:54 -070074
Dave Hansene1785e82005-06-23 00:07:49 -070075config FLATMEM
76 def_bool y
Andy Whitcroftd41dee32005-06-23 00:07:54 -070077 depends on (!DISCONTIGMEM && !SPARSEMEM) || FLATMEM_MANUAL
78
79config FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP
80 def_bool y
81 depends on !SPARSEMEM
Dave Hansene1785e82005-06-23 00:07:49 -070082
Dave Hansen93b75042005-06-23 00:07:47 -070083#
84# Both the NUMA code and DISCONTIGMEM use arrays of pg_data_t's
85# to represent different areas of memory. This variable allows
86# those dependencies to exist individually.
87#
88config NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
89 def_bool y
90 depends on DISCONTIGMEM || NUMA
Andy Whitcroftaf705362005-06-23 00:07:53 -070091
92config HAVE_MEMORY_PRESENT
93 def_bool y
Andy Whitcroftd41dee32005-06-23 00:07:54 -070094 depends on ARCH_HAVE_MEMORY_PRESENT || SPARSEMEM
Bob Picco802f1922005-09-03 15:54:26 -070095
96#
Bob Picco3e347262005-09-03 15:54:28 -070097# SPARSEMEM_EXTREME (which is the default) does some bootmem
Matt LaPlante84eb8d02006-10-03 22:53:09 +020098# allocations when memory_present() is called. If this cannot
Bob Picco3e347262005-09-03 15:54:28 -070099# be done on your architecture, select this option. However,
100# statically allocating the mem_section[] array can potentially
101# consume vast quantities of .bss, so be careful.
102#
103# This option will also potentially produce smaller runtime code
104# with gcc 3.4 and later.
105#
106config SPARSEMEM_STATIC
Jan Beulich9ba16082008-10-15 22:01:38 -0700107 bool
Bob Picco3e347262005-09-03 15:54:28 -0700108
109#
Matt LaPlante44c09202006-10-03 22:34:14 +0200110# Architecture platforms which require a two level mem_section in SPARSEMEM
Bob Picco802f1922005-09-03 15:54:26 -0700111# must select this option. This is usually for architecture platforms with
112# an extremely sparse physical address space.
113#
Bob Picco3e347262005-09-03 15:54:28 -0700114config SPARSEMEM_EXTREME
115 def_bool y
116 depends on SPARSEMEM && !SPARSEMEM_STATIC
Hugh Dickins4c21e2f2005-10-29 18:16:40 -0700117
Andy Whitcroft29c71112007-10-16 01:24:14 -0700118config SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_ENABLE
Jan Beulich9ba16082008-10-15 22:01:38 -0700119 bool
Andy Whitcroft29c71112007-10-16 01:24:14 -0700120
121config SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
Geoff Levanda5ee6da2007-12-17 16:19:53 -0800122 bool "Sparse Memory virtual memmap"
123 depends on SPARSEMEM && SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_ENABLE
124 default y
125 help
126 SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP uses a virtually mapped memmap to optimise
127 pfn_to_page and page_to_pfn operations. This is the most
128 efficient option when sufficient kernel resources are available.
Andy Whitcroft29c71112007-10-16 01:24:14 -0700129
Yinghai Lu95f72d12010-07-12 14:36:09 +1000130config HAVE_MEMBLOCK
Christoph Jaeger6341e622014-12-20 15:41:11 -0500131 bool
Yinghai Lu95f72d12010-07-12 14:36:09 +1000132
Tejun Heo7c0caeb2011-07-14 11:43:42 +0200133config HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP
Christoph Jaeger6341e622014-12-20 15:41:11 -0500134 bool
Tejun Heo7c0caeb2011-07-14 11:43:42 +0200135
Philipp Hachtmann70210ed2014-01-29 18:16:01 +0100136config HAVE_MEMBLOCK_PHYS_MAP
Christoph Jaeger6341e622014-12-20 15:41:11 -0500137 bool
Philipp Hachtmann70210ed2014-01-29 18:16:01 +0100138
Kirill A. Shutemove5855132017-06-06 14:31:20 +0300139config HAVE_GENERIC_GUP
Christoph Jaeger6341e622014-12-20 15:41:11 -0500140 bool
Steve Capper2667f502014-10-09 15:29:14 -0700141
Tejun Heoc378ddd2011-07-14 11:46:03 +0200142config ARCH_DISCARD_MEMBLOCK
Christoph Jaeger6341e622014-12-20 15:41:11 -0500143 bool
Tejun Heoc378ddd2011-07-14 11:46:03 +0200144
Sam Ravnborg66616722011-10-31 17:08:20 -0700145config NO_BOOTMEM
Christoph Jaeger6341e622014-12-20 15:41:11 -0500146 bool
Sam Ravnborg66616722011-10-31 17:08:20 -0700147
Minchan Kimee6f5092012-07-31 16:43:50 -0700148config MEMORY_ISOLATION
Christoph Jaeger6341e622014-12-20 15:41:11 -0500149 bool
Minchan Kimee6f5092012-07-31 16:43:50 -0700150
Yasuaki Ishimatsu46723bf2013-02-22 16:33:00 -0800151#
152# Only be set on architectures that have completely implemented memory hotplug
153# feature. If you are not sure, don't touch it.
154#
155config HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE
156 def_bool n
157
Dave Hansen3947be12005-10-29 18:16:54 -0700158# eventually, we can have this option just 'select SPARSEMEM'
159config MEMORY_HOTPLUG
160 bool "Allow for memory hot-add"
Keith Manntheyec69acb2006-09-30 23:27:05 -0700161 depends on SPARSEMEM || X86_64_ACPI_NUMA
Stephen Rothwell40b31362013-05-21 13:49:35 +1000162 depends on ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
Arun KS1697c0c2017-09-20 13:20:41 +0530163 depends on ARM64
Dave Hansen3947be12005-10-29 18:16:54 -0700164
Keith Manntheyec69acb2006-09-30 23:27:05 -0700165config MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE
166 def_bool y
167 depends on SPARSEMEM && MEMORY_HOTPLUG
168
Vitaly Kuznetsov8604d9e2016-05-19 17:13:03 -0700169config MEMORY_HOTPLUG_DEFAULT_ONLINE
170 bool "Online the newly added memory blocks by default"
171 default n
172 depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG
173 help
174 This option sets the default policy setting for memory hotplug
175 onlining policy (/sys/devices/system/memory/auto_online_blocks) which
176 determines what happens to newly added memory regions. Policy setting
177 can always be changed at runtime.
178 See Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt for more information.
179
180 Say Y here if you want all hot-plugged memory blocks to appear in
181 'online' state by default.
182 Say N here if you want the default policy to keep all hot-plugged
183 memory blocks in 'offline' state.
184
Sudarshan Rajagopalanda65cea2018-05-15 19:52:51 -0700185config MEMORY_HOTPLUG_MOVABLE_NODE
186 bool "Add hot-added memory blocks to ZONE_MOVABLE type"
187 default n
188 depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG
189 depends on QCOM_MEM_OFFLINE
190 help
191 When onlining memory blocks, this option helps to add the target
192 memory block to ZONE_MOVABLE zone type. For successful offlining,
193 these memory blocks should belong to 'ZONE_MOVABLE' since it carries
194 only movable pages. When this option is not set, the default zone
195 policy is to add the blocks to 'ZONE_NORMAL' which may pin pages.
196
197 See Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt for more information.
198
199 Say Y here if you want all hot-added memory blocks to be added to
200 'ZONE_MOVABLE' type.state by default.
201 Say N here if you want the default policy to add all hot-added
202 memory blocks in 'ZONE_NORMAL' type.
203
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki0c0e6192007-10-16 01:26:12 -0700204config MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
205 bool "Allow for memory hot remove"
Yasuaki Ishimatsu46723bf2013-02-22 16:33:00 -0800206 select MEMORY_ISOLATION
Nathan Fontenotf7e33342013-09-27 10:18:09 -0500207 select HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE if (X86_64 || PPC64)
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki0c0e6192007-10-16 01:26:12 -0700208 depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG && ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
209 depends on MIGRATION
210
Hugh Dickins4c21e2f2005-10-29 18:16:40 -0700211# Heavily threaded applications may benefit from splitting the mm-wide
212# page_table_lock, so that faults on different parts of the user address
213# space can be handled with less contention: split it at this NR_CPUS.
214# Default to 4 for wider testing, though 8 might be more appropriate.
215# ARM's adjust_pte (unused if VIPT) depends on mm-wide page_table_lock.
Hugh Dickins7b6ac9d2005-11-23 13:37:37 -0800216# PA-RISC 7xxx's spinlock_t would enlarge struct page from 32 to 44 bytes.
Hugh Dickinsa70caa82009-12-14 17:59:02 -0800217# DEBUG_SPINLOCK and DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC spinlock_t also enlarge struct page.
Hugh Dickins4c21e2f2005-10-29 18:16:40 -0700218#
219config SPLIT_PTLOCK_CPUS
220 int
Kirill A. Shutemov91645502014-04-07 15:37:14 -0700221 default "999999" if !MMU
Hugh Dickinsa70caa82009-12-14 17:59:02 -0800222 default "999999" if ARM && !CPU_CACHE_VIPT
223 default "999999" if PARISC && !PA20
Hugh Dickins4c21e2f2005-10-29 18:16:40 -0700224 default "4"
Christoph Lameter7cbe34c2006-01-08 01:00:49 -0800225
Kirill A. Shutemove009bb32013-11-14 14:31:07 -0800226config ARCH_ENABLE_SPLIT_PMD_PTLOCK
Christoph Jaeger6341e622014-12-20 15:41:11 -0500227 bool
Kirill A. Shutemove009bb32013-11-14 14:31:07 -0800228
Christoph Lameter7cbe34c2006-01-08 01:00:49 -0800229#
Konstantin Khlebnikov09316c02014-10-09 15:29:32 -0700230# support for memory balloon
231config MEMORY_BALLOON
Christoph Jaeger6341e622014-12-20 15:41:11 -0500232 bool
Konstantin Khlebnikov09316c02014-10-09 15:29:32 -0700233
234#
Rafael Aquini18468d92012-12-11 16:02:38 -0800235# support for memory balloon compaction
236config BALLOON_COMPACTION
237 bool "Allow for balloon memory compaction/migration"
238 def_bool y
Konstantin Khlebnikov09316c02014-10-09 15:29:32 -0700239 depends on COMPACTION && MEMORY_BALLOON
Rafael Aquini18468d92012-12-11 16:02:38 -0800240 help
241 Memory fragmentation introduced by ballooning might reduce
242 significantly the number of 2MB contiguous memory blocks that can be
243 used within a guest, thus imposing performance penalties associated
244 with the reduced number of transparent huge pages that could be used
245 by the guest workload. Allowing the compaction & migration for memory
246 pages enlisted as being part of memory balloon devices avoids the
247 scenario aforementioned and helps improving memory defragmentation.
248
249#
Mel Gormane9e96b32010-05-24 14:32:21 -0700250# support for memory compaction
251config COMPACTION
252 bool "Allow for memory compaction"
Rik van Riel05106e62012-10-08 16:33:03 -0700253 def_bool y
Mel Gormane9e96b32010-05-24 14:32:21 -0700254 select MIGRATION
Andrea Arcangeli33a93872011-01-25 15:07:25 -0800255 depends on MMU
Mel Gormane9e96b32010-05-24 14:32:21 -0700256 help
Michal Hockob32eaf72016-08-25 15:17:05 -0700257 Compaction is the only memory management component to form
258 high order (larger physically contiguous) memory blocks
259 reliably. The page allocator relies on compaction heavily and
260 the lack of the feature can lead to unexpected OOM killer
261 invocations for high order memory requests. You shouldn't
262 disable this option unless there really is a strong reason for
263 it and then we would be really interested to hear about that at
264 linux-mm@kvack.org.
Mel Gormane9e96b32010-05-24 14:32:21 -0700265
266#
Christoph Lameter7cbe34c2006-01-08 01:00:49 -0800267# support for page migration
268#
269config MIGRATION
Christoph Lameterb20a3502006-03-22 00:09:12 -0800270 bool "Page migration"
Christoph Lameter6c5240a2006-06-23 02:03:37 -0700271 def_bool y
Chen Gangde32a812013-09-12 15:14:08 -0700272 depends on (NUMA || ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE || COMPACTION || CMA) && MMU
Christoph Lameterb20a3502006-03-22 00:09:12 -0800273 help
274 Allows the migration of the physical location of pages of processes
Mel Gormane9e96b32010-05-24 14:32:21 -0700275 while the virtual addresses are not changed. This is useful in
276 two situations. The first is on NUMA systems to put pages nearer
277 to the processors accessing. The second is when allocating huge
278 pages as migration can relocate pages to satisfy a huge page
279 allocation instead of reclaiming.
Greg Kroah-Hartman6550e072006-06-12 17:11:31 -0700280
Naoya Horiguchic177c812014-06-04 16:05:35 -0700281config ARCH_ENABLE_HUGEPAGE_MIGRATION
Christoph Jaeger6341e622014-12-20 15:41:11 -0500282 bool
Naoya Horiguchic177c812014-06-04 16:05:35 -0700283
Naoya Horiguchi9c670ea2017-09-08 16:10:53 -0700284config ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION
285 bool
286
Jeremy Fitzhardinge600715d2008-09-11 01:31:45 -0700287config PHYS_ADDR_T_64BIT
Christoph Hellwigd4a451d2018-04-03 16:24:20 +0200288 def_bool 64BIT
Jeremy Fitzhardinge600715d2008-09-11 01:31:45 -0700289
Christoph Lameter2a7326b2007-07-17 04:03:37 -0700290config BOUNCE
Vinayak Menon9ca24e22013-04-29 15:08:55 -0700291 bool "Enable bounce buffers"
292 default y
Christoph Lameter2a7326b2007-07-17 04:03:37 -0700293 depends on BLOCK && MMU && (ZONE_DMA || HIGHMEM)
Vinayak Menon9ca24e22013-04-29 15:08:55 -0700294 help
295 Enable bounce buffers for devices that cannot access
296 the full range of memory available to the CPU. Enabled
297 by default when ZONE_DMA or HIGHMEM is selected, but you
298 may say n to override this.
Christoph Lameter2a7326b2007-07-17 04:03:37 -0700299
Christoph Lameter6225e932007-05-06 14:49:50 -0700300config NR_QUICK
301 int
302 depends on QUICKLIST
303 default "1"
Stephen Rothwellf057eac2007-07-15 23:40:05 -0700304
305config VIRT_TO_BUS
Stephen Rothwell4febd952013-03-07 15:48:16 +1100306 bool
307 help
308 An architecture should select this if it implements the
309 deprecated interface virt_to_bus(). All new architectures
310 should probably not select this.
311
Andrea Arcangelicddb8a52008-07-28 15:46:29 -0700312
313config MMU_NOTIFIER
314 bool
Pranith Kumar83fe27e2014-12-05 11:24:45 -0500315 select SRCU
David Howellsfc4d5c22009-05-06 16:03:05 -0700316
Hugh Dickinsf8af4da2009-09-21 17:01:57 -0700317config KSM
318 bool "Enable KSM for page merging"
319 depends on MMU
320 help
321 Enable Kernel Samepage Merging: KSM periodically scans those areas
322 of an application's address space that an app has advised may be
323 mergeable. When it finds pages of identical content, it replaces
Hugh Dickinsd0f209f2009-12-14 17:59:34 -0800324 the many instances by a single page with that content, so
Hugh Dickinsf8af4da2009-09-21 17:01:57 -0700325 saving memory until one or another app needs to modify the content.
326 Recommended for use with KVM, or with other duplicative applications.
Mike Rapoportad56b732018-03-21 21:22:47 +0200327 See Documentation/vm/ksm.rst for more information: KSM is inactive
Hugh Dickinsc73602a2009-10-07 16:32:22 -0700328 until a program has madvised that an area is MADV_MERGEABLE, and
329 root has set /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run to 1 (if CONFIG_SYSFS is set).
Hugh Dickinsf8af4da2009-09-21 17:01:57 -0700330
Christoph Lametere0a94c22009-06-03 16:04:31 -0400331config DEFAULT_MMAP_MIN_ADDR
332 int "Low address space to protect from user allocation"
David Howells6e141542009-12-15 19:27:45 +0000333 depends on MMU
Christoph Lametere0a94c22009-06-03 16:04:31 -0400334 default 4096
335 help
336 This is the portion of low virtual memory which should be protected
337 from userspace allocation. Keeping a user from writing to low pages
338 can help reduce the impact of kernel NULL pointer bugs.
339
340 For most ia64, ppc64 and x86 users with lots of address space
341 a value of 65536 is reasonable and should cause no problems.
342 On arm and other archs it should not be higher than 32768.
Eric Paris788084a2009-07-31 12:54:11 -0400343 Programs which use vm86 functionality or have some need to map
344 this low address space will need CAP_SYS_RAWIO or disable this
345 protection by setting the value to 0.
Christoph Lametere0a94c22009-06-03 16:04:31 -0400346
347 This value can be changed after boot using the
348 /proc/sys/vm/mmap_min_addr tunable.
349
Linus Torvaldsd949f362009-09-26 09:35:07 -0700350config ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE
351 bool
Christoph Lametere0a94c22009-06-03 16:04:31 -0400352
Andi Kleen6a460792009-09-16 11:50:15 +0200353config MEMORY_FAILURE
354 depends on MMU
Linus Torvaldsd949f362009-09-26 09:35:07 -0700355 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE
Andi Kleen6a460792009-09-16 11:50:15 +0200356 bool "Enable recovery from hardware memory errors"
Minchan Kimee6f5092012-07-31 16:43:50 -0700357 select MEMORY_ISOLATION
Xie XiuQi97f0b132015-06-24 16:57:36 -0700358 select RAS
Andi Kleen6a460792009-09-16 11:50:15 +0200359 help
360 Enables code to recover from some memory failures on systems
361 with MCA recovery. This allows a system to continue running
362 even when some of its memory has uncorrected errors. This requires
363 special hardware support and typically ECC memory.
364
Andi Kleencae681f2009-09-16 11:50:17 +0200365config HWPOISON_INJECT
Andi Kleen413f9ef2009-12-16 12:20:00 +0100366 tristate "HWPoison pages injector"
Andi Kleen27df5062009-12-21 19:56:42 +0100367 depends on MEMORY_FAILURE && DEBUG_KERNEL && PROC_FS
Wu Fengguang478c5ff2009-12-16 12:19:59 +0100368 select PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
Andi Kleencae681f2009-09-16 11:50:17 +0200369
David Howellsfc4d5c22009-05-06 16:03:05 -0700370config NOMMU_INITIAL_TRIM_EXCESS
371 int "Turn on mmap() excess space trimming before booting"
372 depends on !MMU
373 default 1
374 help
375 The NOMMU mmap() frequently needs to allocate large contiguous chunks
376 of memory on which to store mappings, but it can only ask the system
377 allocator for chunks in 2^N*PAGE_SIZE amounts - which is frequently
378 more than it requires. To deal with this, mmap() is able to trim off
379 the excess and return it to the allocator.
380
381 If trimming is enabled, the excess is trimmed off and returned to the
382 system allocator, which can cause extra fragmentation, particularly
383 if there are a lot of transient processes.
384
385 If trimming is disabled, the excess is kept, but not used, which for
386 long-term mappings means that the space is wasted.
387
388 Trimming can be dynamically controlled through a sysctl option
389 (/proc/sys/vm/nr_trim_pages) which specifies the minimum number of
390 excess pages there must be before trimming should occur, or zero if
391 no trimming is to occur.
392
393 This option specifies the initial value of this option. The default
394 of 1 says that all excess pages should be trimmed.
395
396 See Documentation/nommu-mmap.txt for more information.
Tejun Heobbddff02010-09-03 18:22:48 +0200397
Andrea Arcangeli4c76d9d2011-01-13 15:46:39 -0800398config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
Andrea Arcangeli13ece882011-01-13 15:47:07 -0800399 bool "Transparent Hugepage Support"
Gerald Schaefer15626062012-10-08 16:30:04 -0700400 depends on HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
Andrea Arcangeli5d689242011-01-13 15:47:07 -0800401 select COMPACTION
Matthew Wilcox57578c22016-05-20 17:01:54 -0700402 select RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
Andrea Arcangeli4c76d9d2011-01-13 15:46:39 -0800403 help
404 Transparent Hugepages allows the kernel to use huge pages and
405 huge tlb transparently to the applications whenever possible.
406 This feature can improve computing performance to certain
407 applications by speeding up page faults during memory
408 allocation, by reducing the number of tlb misses and by speeding
409 up the pagetable walking.
410
411 If memory constrained on embedded, you may want to say N.
412
Andrea Arcangeli13ece882011-01-13 15:47:07 -0800413choice
414 prompt "Transparent Hugepage Support sysfs defaults"
415 depends on TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
416 default TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
417 help
418 Selects the sysfs defaults for Transparent Hugepage Support.
419
420 config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
421 bool "always"
422 help
423 Enabling Transparent Hugepage always, can increase the
424 memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
425 benefit but it will work automatically for all applications.
426
427 config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_MADVISE
428 bool "madvise"
429 help
430 Enabling Transparent Hugepage madvise, will only provide a
431 performance improvement benefit to the applications using
432 madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) but it won't risk to increase the
433 memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
434 benefit.
435endchoice
436
Huang Ying38d8b4e2017-07-06 15:37:18 -0700437config ARCH_WANTS_THP_SWAP
438 def_bool n
439
440config THP_SWAP
441 def_bool y
Huang Ying14fef282018-08-17 15:49:41 -0700442 depends on TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE && ARCH_WANTS_THP_SWAP && SWAP
Huang Ying38d8b4e2017-07-06 15:37:18 -0700443 help
444 Swap transparent huge pages in one piece, without splitting.
Huang Ying14fef282018-08-17 15:49:41 -0700445 XXX: For now, swap cluster backing transparent huge page
446 will be split after swapout.
Huang Ying38d8b4e2017-07-06 15:37:18 -0700447
448 For selection by architectures with reasonable THP sizes.
449
Kirill A. Shutemove496cf32016-07-26 15:26:35 -0700450config TRANSPARENT_HUGE_PAGECACHE
451 def_bool y
Aneesh Kumar K.V953c66c2016-12-12 16:44:32 -0800452 depends on TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
Kirill A. Shutemove496cf32016-07-26 15:26:35 -0700453
454#
Tejun Heobbddff02010-09-03 18:22:48 +0200455# UP and nommu archs use km based percpu allocator
456#
457config NEED_PER_CPU_KM
458 depends on !SMP
459 bool
460 default y
Dan Magenheimer077b1f82011-05-26 10:01:36 -0600461
462config CLEANCACHE
463 bool "Enable cleancache driver to cache clean pages if tmem is present"
464 default n
465 help
466 Cleancache can be thought of as a page-granularity victim cache
467 for clean pages that the kernel's pageframe replacement algorithm
468 (PFRA) would like to keep around, but can't since there isn't enough
469 memory. So when the PFRA "evicts" a page, it first attempts to use
Michael Witten140a1ef2011-06-10 03:57:26 +0000470 cleancache code to put the data contained in that page into
Dan Magenheimer077b1f82011-05-26 10:01:36 -0600471 "transcendent memory", memory that is not directly accessible or
472 addressable by the kernel and is of unknown and possibly
473 time-varying size. And when a cleancache-enabled
474 filesystem wishes to access a page in a file on disk, it first
475 checks cleancache to see if it already contains it; if it does,
476 the page is copied into the kernel and a disk access is avoided.
477 When a transcendent memory driver is available (such as zcache or
478 Xen transcendent memory), a significant I/O reduction
479 may be achieved. When none is available, all cleancache calls
480 are reduced to a single pointer-compare-against-NULL resulting
481 in a negligible performance hit.
482
483 If unsure, say Y to enable cleancache
Dan Magenheimer27c6aec2012-04-09 17:10:34 -0600484
485config FRONTSWAP
486 bool "Enable frontswap to cache swap pages if tmem is present"
487 depends on SWAP
488 default n
489 help
490 Frontswap is so named because it can be thought of as the opposite
491 of a "backing" store for a swap device. The data is stored into
492 "transcendent memory", memory that is not directly accessible or
493 addressable by the kernel and is of unknown and possibly
494 time-varying size. When space in transcendent memory is available,
495 a significant swap I/O reduction may be achieved. When none is
496 available, all frontswap calls are reduced to a single pointer-
497 compare-against-NULL resulting in a negligible performance hit
498 and swap data is stored as normal on the matching swap device.
499
500 If unsure, say Y to enable frontswap.
Aneesh Kumar K.Vf825c732013-07-02 11:15:15 +0530501
502config CMA
503 bool "Contiguous Memory Allocator"
Chen Gangde32a812013-09-12 15:14:08 -0700504 depends on HAVE_MEMBLOCK && MMU
Aneesh Kumar K.Vf825c732013-07-02 11:15:15 +0530505 select MIGRATION
506 select MEMORY_ISOLATION
507 help
508 This enables the Contiguous Memory Allocator which allows other
509 subsystems to allocate big physically-contiguous blocks of memory.
510 CMA reserves a region of memory and allows only movable pages to
511 be allocated from it. This way, the kernel can use the memory for
512 pagecache and when a subsystem requests for contiguous area, the
513 allocated pages are migrated away to serve the contiguous request.
514
515 If unsure, say "n".
516
517config CMA_DEBUG
518 bool "CMA debug messages (DEVELOPMENT)"
519 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && CMA
520 help
521 Turns on debug messages in CMA. This produces KERN_DEBUG
522 messages for every CMA call as well as various messages while
523 processing calls such as dma_alloc_from_contiguous().
524 This option does not affect warning and error messages.
Alexander Grafbf550fc2013-08-29 00:41:59 +0200525
Sasha Levin28b24c12015-04-14 15:44:57 -0700526config CMA_DEBUGFS
527 bool "CMA debugfs interface"
528 depends on CMA && DEBUG_FS
529 help
530 Turns on the DebugFS interface for CMA.
531
Joonsoo Kima2541292014-08-06 16:05:25 -0700532config CMA_AREAS
533 int "Maximum count of the CMA areas"
534 depends on CMA
535 default 7
536 help
537 CMA allows to create CMA areas for particular purpose, mainly,
538 used as device private area. This parameter sets the maximum
539 number of CMA area in the system.
540
541 If unsure, leave the default value "7".
542
Dan Streetmanaf8d4172014-08-06 16:08:36 -0700543config MEM_SOFT_DIRTY
544 bool "Track memory changes"
545 depends on CHECKPOINT_RESTORE && HAVE_ARCH_SOFT_DIRTY && PROC_FS
546 select PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
Seth Jennings4e2e2772013-07-10 16:04:55 -0700547 help
Dan Streetmanaf8d4172014-08-06 16:08:36 -0700548 This option enables memory changes tracking by introducing a
549 soft-dirty bit on pte-s. This bit it set when someone writes
550 into a page just as regular dirty bit, but unlike the latter
551 it can be cleared by hands.
552
Mike Rapoport1ad13352018-04-18 11:07:49 +0300553 See Documentation/admin-guide/mm/soft-dirty.rst for more details.
Seth Jennings4e2e2772013-07-10 16:04:55 -0700554
Seth Jennings2b281112013-07-10 16:05:03 -0700555config ZSWAP
556 bool "Compressed cache for swap pages (EXPERIMENTAL)"
557 depends on FRONTSWAP && CRYPTO=y
558 select CRYPTO_LZO
Dan Streetman12d79d62014-08-06 16:08:40 -0700559 select ZPOOL
Seth Jennings2b281112013-07-10 16:05:03 -0700560 default n
561 help
562 A lightweight compressed cache for swap pages. It takes
563 pages that are in the process of being swapped out and attempts to
564 compress them into a dynamically allocated RAM-based memory pool.
565 This can result in a significant I/O reduction on swap device and,
566 in the case where decompressing from RAM is faster that swap device
567 reads, can also improve workload performance.
568
569 This is marked experimental because it is a new feature (as of
570 v3.11) that interacts heavily with memory reclaim. While these
571 interactions don't cause any known issues on simple memory setups,
572 they have not be fully explored on the large set of potential
573 configurations and workloads that exist.
574
Dan Streetmanaf8d4172014-08-06 16:08:36 -0700575config ZPOOL
576 tristate "Common API for compressed memory storage"
577 default n
Pavel Emelyanov0f8975e2013-07-03 15:01:20 -0700578 help
Dan Streetmanaf8d4172014-08-06 16:08:36 -0700579 Compressed memory storage API. This allows using either zbud or
580 zsmalloc.
Pavel Emelyanov0f8975e2013-07-03 15:01:20 -0700581
Dan Streetmanaf8d4172014-08-06 16:08:36 -0700582config ZBUD
Vitaly Wool9a001fc2016-05-20 16:58:30 -0700583 tristate "Low (Up to 2x) density storage for compressed pages"
Dan Streetmanaf8d4172014-08-06 16:08:36 -0700584 default n
585 help
586 A special purpose allocator for storing compressed pages.
587 It is designed to store up to two compressed pages per physical
588 page. While this design limits storage density, it has simple and
589 deterministic reclaim properties that make it preferable to a higher
590 density approach when reclaim will be used.
Minchan Kimbcf16472014-01-30 15:45:50 -0800591
Vitaly Wool9a001fc2016-05-20 16:58:30 -0700592config Z3FOLD
593 tristate "Up to 3x density storage for compressed pages"
594 depends on ZPOOL
595 default n
596 help
597 A special purpose allocator for storing compressed pages.
598 It is designed to store up to three compressed pages per physical
599 page. It is a ZBUD derivative so the simplicity and determinism are
600 still there.
601
Minchan Kimbcf16472014-01-30 15:45:50 -0800602config ZSMALLOC
Minchan Kimd867f202014-06-04 16:11:10 -0700603 tristate "Memory allocator for compressed pages"
Minchan Kimbcf16472014-01-30 15:45:50 -0800604 depends on MMU
605 default n
606 help
607 zsmalloc is a slab-based memory allocator designed to store
608 compressed RAM pages. zsmalloc uses virtual memory mapping
609 in order to reduce fragmentation. However, this results in a
610 non-standard allocator interface where a handle, not a pointer, is
611 returned by an alloc(). This handle must be mapped in order to
612 access the allocated space.
613
614config PGTABLE_MAPPING
615 bool "Use page table mapping to access object in zsmalloc"
616 depends on ZSMALLOC
617 help
618 By default, zsmalloc uses a copy-based object mapping method to
619 access allocations that span two pages. However, if a particular
620 architecture (ex, ARM) performs VM mapping faster than copying,
621 then you should select this. This causes zsmalloc to use page table
622 mapping rather than copying for object mapping.
623
Ben Hutchings2216ee82014-03-10 15:49:46 -0700624 You can check speed with zsmalloc benchmark:
625 https://github.com/spartacus06/zsmapbench
Mark Salter9e5c33d2014-04-07 15:39:48 -0700626
Ganesh Mahendran0f050d92015-02-12 15:00:54 -0800627config ZSMALLOC_STAT
628 bool "Export zsmalloc statistics"
629 depends on ZSMALLOC
630 select DEBUG_FS
631 help
632 This option enables code in the zsmalloc to collect various
633 statistics about whats happening in zsmalloc and exports that
634 information to userspace via debugfs.
635 If unsure, say N.
636
Mark Salter9e5c33d2014-04-07 15:39:48 -0700637config GENERIC_EARLY_IOREMAP
638 bool
Helge Deller042d27a2014-04-30 23:26:02 +0200639
640config MAX_STACK_SIZE_MB
641 int "Maximum user stack size for 32-bit processes (MB)"
642 default 80
Helge Deller042d27a2014-04-30 23:26:02 +0200643 range 8 2048
644 depends on STACK_GROWSUP && (!64BIT || COMPAT)
645 help
646 This is the maximum stack size in Megabytes in the VM layout of 32-bit
647 user processes when the stack grows upwards (currently only on parisc
James Hogan5f171572017-10-24 16:52:32 +0100648 arch). The stack will be located at the highest memory address minus
649 the given value, unless the RLIMIT_STACK hard limit is changed to a
650 smaller value in which case that is used.
Helge Deller042d27a2014-04-30 23:26:02 +0200651
652 A sane initial value is 80 MB.
Mel Gorman3a80a7f2015-06-30 14:57:02 -0700653
Patrick Dalyb0662722017-03-14 18:30:41 -0700654config BALANCE_ANON_FILE_RECLAIM
655 bool "During reclaim treat anon and file backed pages equally"
656 depends on SWAP
657 help
658 When performing memory reclaim treat anonymous and file backed pages
659 equally.
660 Swapping anonymous pages out to memory can be efficient enough to justify
661 treating anonymous and file backed pages equally.
662
Mel Gorman3a80a7f2015-06-30 14:57:02 -0700663config DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT
Vlastimil Babka1ce22102016-02-05 15:36:21 -0800664 bool "Defer initialisation of struct pages to kthreads"
Mel Gorman3a80a7f2015-06-30 14:57:02 -0700665 default n
Pavel Tatashin2e3ca402018-01-31 16:16:02 -0800666 depends on NO_BOOTMEM
Mike Rapoportd39f8fb2018-08-17 15:47:07 -0700667 depends on SPARSEMEM
Pavel Tatashinab1e8d82018-05-18 16:09:13 -0700668 depends on !NEED_PER_CPU_KM
Pasha Tatashin889c6952018-09-20 12:22:30 -0700669 depends on 64BIT
Mel Gorman3a80a7f2015-06-30 14:57:02 -0700670 help
671 Ordinarily all struct pages are initialised during early boot in a
672 single thread. On very large machines this can take a considerable
673 amount of time. If this option is set, large machines will bring up
674 a subset of memmap at boot and then initialise the rest in parallel
Vlastimil Babka1ce22102016-02-05 15:36:21 -0800675 by starting one-off "pgdatinitX" kernel thread for each node X. This
676 has a potential performance impact on processes running early in the
677 lifetime of the system until these kthreads finish the
678 initialisation.
Dan Williams033fbae2015-08-09 15:29:06 -0400679
Vladimir Davydov33c3fc72015-09-09 15:35:45 -0700680config IDLE_PAGE_TRACKING
681 bool "Enable idle page tracking"
682 depends on SYSFS && MMU
683 select PAGE_EXTENSION if !64BIT
684 help
685 This feature allows to estimate the amount of user pages that have
686 not been touched during a given period of time. This information can
687 be useful to tune memory cgroup limits and/or for job placement
688 within a compute cluster.
689
Mike Rapoport1ad13352018-04-18 11:07:49 +0300690 See Documentation/admin-guide/mm/idle_page_tracking.rst for
691 more details.
Vladimir Davydov33c3fc72015-09-09 15:35:45 -0700692
Oliver O'Halloran65f7d042017-06-28 11:32:31 +1000693# arch_add_memory() comprehends device memory
694config ARCH_HAS_ZONE_DEVICE
695 bool
696
Dan Williams033fbae2015-08-09 15:29:06 -0400697config ZONE_DEVICE
Jérôme Glisse5042db42017-09-08 16:11:43 -0700698 bool "Device memory (pmem, HMM, etc...) hotplug support"
Dan Williams033fbae2015-08-09 15:29:06 -0400699 depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG
700 depends on MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
Dan Williams99490f12016-03-17 14:19:58 -0700701 depends on SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
Oliver O'Halloran65f7d042017-06-28 11:32:31 +1000702 depends on ARCH_HAS_ZONE_DEVICE
Dan Williamsab1b5972017-09-06 16:24:13 -0700703 select RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
Dan Williams033fbae2015-08-09 15:29:06 -0400704
705 help
706 Device memory hotplug support allows for establishing pmem,
707 or other device driver discovered memory regions, in the
708 memmap. This allows pfn_to_page() lookups of otherwise
709 "device-physical" addresses which is needed for using a DAX
710 mapping in an O_DIRECT operation, among other things.
711
712 If FS_DAX is enabled, then say Y.
Linus Torvalds06a660a2015-09-11 16:42:39 -0700713
Jérôme Glisse133ff0e2017-09-08 16:11:23 -0700714config ARCH_HAS_HMM
715 bool
716 default y
717 depends on (X86_64 || PPC64)
718 depends on ZONE_DEVICE
719 depends on MMU && 64BIT
720 depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG
721 depends on MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
722 depends on SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
723
Jérôme Glisse6b368cd2017-09-08 16:12:32 -0700724config MIGRATE_VMA_HELPER
725 bool
726
Dan Williamse76384882018-05-16 11:46:08 -0700727config DEV_PAGEMAP_OPS
728 bool
729
Jérôme Glisse133ff0e2017-09-08 16:11:23 -0700730config HMM
731 bool
Jérôme Glisse6b368cd2017-09-08 16:12:32 -0700732 select MIGRATE_VMA_HELPER
Jérôme Glisse133ff0e2017-09-08 16:11:23 -0700733
Jérôme Glissec0b12402017-09-08 16:11:27 -0700734config HMM_MIRROR
735 bool "HMM mirror CPU page table into a device page table"
736 depends on ARCH_HAS_HMM
737 select MMU_NOTIFIER
738 select HMM
739 help
740 Select HMM_MIRROR if you want to mirror range of the CPU page table of a
741 process into a device page table. Here, mirror means "keep synchronized".
742 Prerequisites: the device must provide the ability to write-protect its
743 page tables (at PAGE_SIZE granularity), and must be able to recover from
744 the resulting potential page faults.
745
Jérôme Glisse5042db42017-09-08 16:11:43 -0700746config DEVICE_PRIVATE
747 bool "Unaddressable device memory (GPU memory, ...)"
748 depends on ARCH_HAS_HMM
Jérôme Glissedf6ad692017-09-08 16:12:24 -0700749 select HMM
Dan Williamse76384882018-05-16 11:46:08 -0700750 select DEV_PAGEMAP_OPS
Jérôme Glisse5042db42017-09-08 16:11:43 -0700751
752 help
753 Allows creation of struct pages to represent unaddressable device
754 memory; i.e., memory that is only accessible from the device (or
755 group of devices). You likely also want to select HMM_MIRROR.
756
Jérôme Glissedf6ad692017-09-08 16:12:24 -0700757config DEVICE_PUBLIC
758 bool "Addressable device memory (like GPU memory)"
759 depends on ARCH_HAS_HMM
760 select HMM
Dan Williamse76384882018-05-16 11:46:08 -0700761 select DEV_PAGEMAP_OPS
Jérôme Glissedf6ad692017-09-08 16:12:24 -0700762
763 help
764 Allows creation of struct pages to represent addressable device
765 memory; i.e., memory that is accessible from both the device and
766 the CPU
767
Jan Kara8025e5d2015-07-13 11:55:44 -0300768config FRAME_VECTOR
769 bool
Dave Hansen63c17fb2016-02-12 13:02:08 -0800770
771config ARCH_USES_HIGH_VMA_FLAGS
772 bool
Dave Hansen66d37572016-02-12 13:02:32 -0800773config ARCH_HAS_PKEYS
774 bool
Dennis Zhou30a5b532017-06-19 19:28:31 -0400775
776config PERCPU_STATS
777 bool "Collect percpu memory statistics"
778 default n
779 help
780 This feature collects and exposes statistics via debugfs. The
781 information includes global and per chunk statistics, which can
782 be used to help understand percpu memory usage.
Kirill A. Shutemov64c349f2017-11-17 15:31:22 -0800783
784config GUP_BENCHMARK
785 bool "Enable infrastructure for get_user_pages_fast() benchmarking"
786 default n
787 help
788 Provides /sys/kernel/debug/gup_benchmark that helps with testing
789 performance of get_user_pages_fast().
790
791 See tools/testing/selftests/vm/gup_benchmark.c
Laurent Dufour3010a5e2018-06-07 17:06:08 -0700792
793config ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL
794 bool
Christoph Hellwig59e0b522018-07-31 13:39:35 +0200795
796endmenu