chrdev: emit a warning when we go below dynamic major range
Currently a dynamically allocated character device major is taken
from 254 and downward. This mechanism is used for RTC, IIO and a
few other subsystems.
The kernel currently has no check prevening these dynamic
allocations from eating into the assigned numbers at 233 and
downward.
In a recent test it was reported that so many dynamic device
majors were used on a test server, that the major number for
infiniband (231) was stolen. This occurred when allocating a new
major number for GPIO chips. The error messages from the kernel
were not helpful. (See: https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/2/14/124)
This patch adds a defined lower limit of the dynamic major
allocation region will henceforth emit a warning if we start to
eat into the assigned numbers. It does not do any semantic
changes and will not change the kernels behaviour: numbers will
still continue to be stolen, but we will know from dmesg what
is going on.
This also updates the Documentation/devices.txt to clearly
reflect that we are using this range of major numbers for dynamic
allocation.
Reported-by: Ying Huang <ying.huang@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
diff --git a/Documentation/devices.txt b/Documentation/devices.txt
index 87b4c5e..0a3588a 100644
--- a/Documentation/devices.txt
+++ b/Documentation/devices.txt
@@ -3099,9 +3099,9 @@
129 = /dev/ipath_sma Device used by Subnet Management Agent
130 = /dev/ipath_diag Device used by diagnostics programs
-234-239 UNASSIGNED
-
-240-254 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
+234-254 char RESERVED FOR DYNAMIC ASSIGNMENT
+ Character devices that request a dynamic allocation of major number will
+ take numbers starting from 254 and downward.
240-254 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
diff --git a/fs/char_dev.c b/fs/char_dev.c
index 24b1425..687471d 100644
--- a/fs/char_dev.c
+++ b/fs/char_dev.c
@@ -91,6 +91,10 @@
break;
}
+ if (i < CHRDEV_MAJOR_DYN_END)
+ pr_warn("CHRDEV \"%s\" major number %d goes below the dynamic allocation range",
+ name, i);
+
if (i == 0) {
ret = -EBUSY;
goto out;
diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index 14a9719..60082be 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -2385,6 +2385,8 @@
/* fs/char_dev.c */
#define CHRDEV_MAJOR_HASH_SIZE 255
+/* Marks the bottom of the first segment of free char majors */
+#define CHRDEV_MAJOR_DYN_END 234
extern int alloc_chrdev_region(dev_t *, unsigned, unsigned, const char *);
extern int register_chrdev_region(dev_t, unsigned, const char *);
extern int __register_chrdev(unsigned int major, unsigned int baseminor,