[PATCH] kexec: add kexec syscalls
This patch introduces the architecture independent implementation the
sys_kexec_load, the compat_sys_kexec_load system calls.
Kexec on panic support has been integrated into the core patch and is
relatively clean.
In addition the hopefully architecture independent option
crashkernel=size@location has been docuemented. It's purpose is to reserve
space for the panic kernel to live, and where no DMA transfer will ever be
setup to access.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Nyberg <alexn@telia.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
index 86db43f..560ff5a 100644
--- a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
@@ -358,6 +358,10 @@
cpia_pp= [HW,PPT]
Format: { parport<nr> | auto | none }
+ crashkernel=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]
+ [KNL] Reserve a chunk of physical memory to
+ hold a kernel to switch to with kexec on panic.
+
cs4232= [HW,OSS]
Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpuio>,<mpuirq>
diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index dbdd849..8172857 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -1330,6 +1330,16 @@
L: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
S: Maintained
+KEXEC
+P: Eric Biederman
+P: Randy Dunlap
+M: ebiederm@xmission.com
+M: rddunlap@osdl.org
+W: http://www.xmission.com/~ebiederm/files/kexec/
+L: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
+L: fastboot@osdl.org
+S: Maintained
+
LANMEDIA WAN CARD DRIVER
P: Andrew Stanley-Jones
M: asj@lanmedia.com
diff --git a/include/linux/kexec.h b/include/linux/kexec.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3fc35f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/kexec.h
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+#ifndef LINUX_KEXEC_H
+#define LINUX_KEXEC_H
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/linkage.h>
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <asm/kexec.h>
+
+/* Verify architecture specific macros are defined */
+
+#ifndef KEXEC_SOURCE_MEMORY_LIMIT
+#error KEXEC_SOURCE_MEMORY_LIMIT not defined
+#endif
+
+#ifndef KEXEC_DESTINATION_MEMORY_LIMIT
+#error KEXEC_DESTINATION_MEMORY_LIMIT not defined
+#endif
+
+#ifndef KEXEC_CONTROL_MEMORY_LIMIT
+#error KEXEC_CONTROL_MEMORY_LIMIT not defined
+#endif
+
+#ifndef KEXEC_CONTROL_CODE_SIZE
+#error KEXEC_CONTROL_CODE_SIZE not defined
+#endif
+
+#ifndef KEXEC_ARCH
+#error KEXEC_ARCH not defined
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * This structure is used to hold the arguments that are used when loading
+ * kernel binaries.
+ */
+
+typedef unsigned long kimage_entry_t;
+#define IND_DESTINATION 0x1
+#define IND_INDIRECTION 0x2
+#define IND_DONE 0x4
+#define IND_SOURCE 0x8
+
+#define KEXEC_SEGMENT_MAX 8
+struct kexec_segment {
+ void __user *buf;
+ size_t bufsz;
+ unsigned long mem; /* User space sees this as a (void *) ... */
+ size_t memsz;
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+struct compat_kexec_segment {
+ compat_uptr_t buf;
+ compat_size_t bufsz;
+ compat_ulong_t mem; /* User space sees this as a (void *) ... */
+ compat_size_t memsz;
+};
+#endif
+
+struct kimage {
+ kimage_entry_t head;
+ kimage_entry_t *entry;
+ kimage_entry_t *last_entry;
+
+ unsigned long destination;
+
+ unsigned long start;
+ struct page *control_code_page;
+
+ unsigned long nr_segments;
+ struct kexec_segment segment[KEXEC_SEGMENT_MAX];
+
+ struct list_head control_pages;
+ struct list_head dest_pages;
+ struct list_head unuseable_pages;
+
+ /* Address of next control page to allocate for crash kernels. */
+ unsigned long control_page;
+
+ /* Flags to indicate special processing */
+ unsigned int type : 1;
+#define KEXEC_TYPE_DEFAULT 0
+#define KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH 1
+};
+
+
+
+/* kexec interface functions */
+extern NORET_TYPE void machine_kexec(struct kimage *image) ATTRIB_NORET;
+extern int machine_kexec_prepare(struct kimage *image);
+extern void machine_kexec_cleanup(struct kimage *image);
+extern asmlinkage long sys_kexec_load(unsigned long entry,
+ unsigned long nr_segments, struct kexec_segment __user *segments,
+ unsigned long flags);
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+extern asmlinkage long compat_sys_kexec_load(unsigned long entry,
+ unsigned long nr_segments, struct compat_kexec_segment __user *segments,
+ unsigned long flags);
+#endif
+extern struct page *kimage_alloc_control_pages(struct kimage *image, unsigned int order);
+extern void crash_kexec(void);
+extern struct kimage *kexec_image;
+
+#define KEXEC_ON_CRASH 0x00000001
+#define KEXEC_ARCH_MASK 0xffff0000
+
+/* These values match the ELF architecture values.
+ * Unless there is a good reason that should continue to be the case.
+ */
+#define KEXEC_ARCH_DEFAULT ( 0 << 16)
+#define KEXEC_ARCH_386 ( 3 << 16)
+#define KEXEC_ARCH_X86_64 (62 << 16)
+#define KEXEC_ARCH_PPC (20 << 16)
+#define KEXEC_ARCH_PPC64 (21 << 16)
+#define KEXEC_ARCH_IA_64 (50 << 16)
+
+#define KEXEC_FLAGS (KEXEC_ON_CRASH) /* List of defined/legal kexec flags */
+
+/* Location of a reserved region to hold the crash kernel.
+ */
+extern struct resource crashk_res;
+
+#else /* !CONFIG_KEXEC */
+static inline void crash_kexec(void) { }
+#endif /* CONFIG_KEXEC */
+#endif /* LINUX_KEXEC_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/reboot.h b/include/linux/reboot.h
index d60fafc..c5a05e1 100644
--- a/include/linux/reboot.h
+++ b/include/linux/reboot.h
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@
extern void machine_halt(void);
extern void machine_power_off(void);
+extern void machine_shutdown(void);
+extern void machine_crash_shutdown(void);
+
#endif
#endif /* _LINUX_REBOOT_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/syscalls.h b/include/linux/syscalls.h
index c39f6f7..7ba8f8f 100644
--- a/include/linux/syscalls.h
+++ b/include/linux/syscalls.h
@@ -159,8 +159,9 @@
asmlinkage long sys_reboot(int magic1, int magic2, unsigned int cmd,
void __user *arg);
asmlinkage long sys_restart_syscall(void);
-asmlinkage long sys_kexec_load(void *entry, unsigned long nr_segments,
- struct kexec_segment *segments, unsigned long flags);
+asmlinkage long sys_kexec_load(unsigned long entry,
+ unsigned long nr_segments, struct kexec_segment __user *segments,
+ unsigned long flags);
asmlinkage long sys_exit(int error_code);
asmlinkage void sys_exit_group(int error_code);
diff --git a/kernel/Makefile b/kernel/Makefile
index b01d26f..cfc8b0d 100644
--- a/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/kernel/Makefile
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
obj-$(CONFIG_KALLSYMS) += kallsyms.o
obj-$(CONFIG_PM) += power/
obj-$(CONFIG_BSD_PROCESS_ACCT) += acct.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_KEXEC) += kexec.o
obj-$(CONFIG_COMPAT) += compat.o
obj-$(CONFIG_CPUSETS) += cpuset.o
obj-$(CONFIG_IKCONFIG) += configs.o
diff --git a/kernel/kexec.c b/kernel/kexec.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..def9c73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kernel/kexec.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1036 @@
+/*
+ * kexec.c - kexec system call
+ * Copyright (C) 2002-2004 Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License,
+ * Version 2. See the file COPYING for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/kexec.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/highmem.h>
+#include <linux/syscalls.h>
+#include <linux/reboot.h>
+#include <linux/syscalls.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <asm/page.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <asm/io.h>
+#include <asm/system.h>
+#include <asm/semaphore.h>
+
+/* Location of the reserved area for the crash kernel */
+struct resource crashk_res = {
+ .name = "Crash kernel",
+ .start = 0,
+ .end = 0,
+ .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
+};
+
+/*
+ * When kexec transitions to the new kernel there is a one-to-one
+ * mapping between physical and virtual addresses. On processors
+ * where you can disable the MMU this is trivial, and easy. For
+ * others it is still a simple predictable page table to setup.
+ *
+ * In that environment kexec copies the new kernel to its final
+ * resting place. This means I can only support memory whose
+ * physical address can fit in an unsigned long. In particular
+ * addresses where (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) > ULONG_MAX cannot be handled.
+ * If the assembly stub has more restrictive requirements
+ * KEXEC_SOURCE_MEMORY_LIMIT and KEXEC_DEST_MEMORY_LIMIT can be
+ * defined more restrictively in <asm/kexec.h>.
+ *
+ * The code for the transition from the current kernel to the
+ * the new kernel is placed in the control_code_buffer, whose size
+ * is given by KEXEC_CONTROL_CODE_SIZE. In the best case only a single
+ * page of memory is necessary, but some architectures require more.
+ * Because this memory must be identity mapped in the transition from
+ * virtual to physical addresses it must live in the range
+ * 0 - TASK_SIZE, as only the user space mappings are arbitrarily
+ * modifiable.
+ *
+ * The assembly stub in the control code buffer is passed a linked list
+ * of descriptor pages detailing the source pages of the new kernel,
+ * and the destination addresses of those source pages. As this data
+ * structure is not used in the context of the current OS, it must
+ * be self-contained.
+ *
+ * The code has been made to work with highmem pages and will use a
+ * destination page in its final resting place (if it happens
+ * to allocate it). The end product of this is that most of the
+ * physical address space, and most of RAM can be used.
+ *
+ * Future directions include:
+ * - allocating a page table with the control code buffer identity
+ * mapped, to simplify machine_kexec and make kexec_on_panic more
+ * reliable.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * KIMAGE_NO_DEST is an impossible destination address..., for
+ * allocating pages whose destination address we do not care about.
+ */
+#define KIMAGE_NO_DEST (-1UL)
+
+static int kimage_is_destination_range(
+ struct kimage *image, unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
+static struct page *kimage_alloc_page(struct kimage *image, unsigned int gfp_mask, unsigned long dest);
+
+static int do_kimage_alloc(struct kimage **rimage, unsigned long entry,
+ unsigned long nr_segments, struct kexec_segment __user *segments)
+{
+ size_t segment_bytes;
+ struct kimage *image;
+ unsigned long i;
+ int result;
+
+ /* Allocate a controlling structure */
+ result = -ENOMEM;
+ image = kmalloc(sizeof(*image), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!image) {
+ goto out;
+ }
+ memset(image, 0, sizeof(*image));
+ image->head = 0;
+ image->entry = &image->head;
+ image->last_entry = &image->head;
+ image->control_page = ~0; /* By default this does not apply */
+ image->start = entry;
+ image->type = KEXEC_TYPE_DEFAULT;
+
+ /* Initialize the list of control pages */
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&image->control_pages);
+
+ /* Initialize the list of destination pages */
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&image->dest_pages);
+
+ /* Initialize the list of unuseable pages */
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&image->unuseable_pages);
+
+ /* Read in the segments */
+ image->nr_segments = nr_segments;
+ segment_bytes = nr_segments * sizeof(*segments);
+ result = copy_from_user(image->segment, segments, segment_bytes);
+ if (result)
+ goto out;
+
+ /*
+ * Verify we have good destination addresses. The caller is
+ * responsible for making certain we don't attempt to load
+ * the new image into invalid or reserved areas of RAM. This
+ * just verifies it is an address we can use.
+ *
+ * Since the kernel does everything in page size chunks ensure
+ * the destination addreses are page aligned. Too many
+ * special cases crop of when we don't do this. The most
+ * insidious is getting overlapping destination addresses
+ * simply because addresses are changed to page size
+ * granularity.
+ */
+ result = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
+ for (i = 0; i < nr_segments; i++) {
+ unsigned long mstart, mend;
+ mstart = image->segment[i].mem;
+ mend = mstart + image->segment[i].memsz;
+ if ((mstart & ~PAGE_MASK) || (mend & ~PAGE_MASK))
+ goto out;
+ if (mend >= KEXEC_DESTINATION_MEMORY_LIMIT)
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ /* Verify our destination addresses do not overlap.
+ * If we alloed overlapping destination addresses
+ * through very weird things can happen with no
+ * easy explanation as one segment stops on another.
+ */
+ result = -EINVAL;
+ for(i = 0; i < nr_segments; i++) {
+ unsigned long mstart, mend;
+ unsigned long j;
+ mstart = image->segment[i].mem;
+ mend = mstart + image->segment[i].memsz;
+ for(j = 0; j < i; j++) {
+ unsigned long pstart, pend;
+ pstart = image->segment[j].mem;
+ pend = pstart + image->segment[j].memsz;
+ /* Do the segments overlap ? */
+ if ((mend > pstart) && (mstart < pend))
+ goto out;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Ensure our buffer sizes are strictly less than
+ * our memory sizes. This should always be the case,
+ * and it is easier to check up front than to be surprised
+ * later on.
+ */
+ result = -EINVAL;
+ for(i = 0; i < nr_segments; i++) {
+ if (image->segment[i].bufsz > image->segment[i].memsz)
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+
+ result = 0;
+ out:
+ if (result == 0) {
+ *rimage = image;
+ } else {
+ kfree(image);
+ }
+ return result;
+
+}
+
+static int kimage_normal_alloc(struct kimage **rimage, unsigned long entry,
+ unsigned long nr_segments, struct kexec_segment __user *segments)
+{
+ int result;
+ struct kimage *image;
+
+ /* Allocate and initialize a controlling structure */
+ image = NULL;
+ result = do_kimage_alloc(&image, entry, nr_segments, segments);
+ if (result) {
+ goto out;
+ }
+ *rimage = image;
+
+ /*
+ * Find a location for the control code buffer, and add it
+ * the vector of segments so that it's pages will also be
+ * counted as destination pages.
+ */
+ result = -ENOMEM;
+ image->control_code_page = kimage_alloc_control_pages(image,
+ get_order(KEXEC_CONTROL_CODE_SIZE));
+ if (!image->control_code_page) {
+ printk(KERN_ERR "Could not allocate control_code_buffer\n");
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ result = 0;
+ out:
+ if (result == 0) {
+ *rimage = image;
+ } else {
+ kfree(image);
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+static int kimage_crash_alloc(struct kimage **rimage, unsigned long entry,
+ unsigned long nr_segments, struct kexec_segment *segments)
+{
+ int result;
+ struct kimage *image;
+ unsigned long i;
+
+ image = NULL;
+ /* Verify we have a valid entry point */
+ if ((entry < crashk_res.start) || (entry > crashk_res.end)) {
+ result = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ /* Allocate and initialize a controlling structure */
+ result = do_kimage_alloc(&image, entry, nr_segments, segments);
+ if (result) {
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ /* Enable the special crash kernel control page
+ * allocation policy.
+ */
+ image->control_page = crashk_res.start;
+ image->type = KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH;
+
+ /*
+ * Verify we have good destination addresses. Normally
+ * the caller is responsible for making certain we don't
+ * attempt to load the new image into invalid or reserved
+ * areas of RAM. But crash kernels are preloaded into a
+ * reserved area of ram. We must ensure the addresses
+ * are in the reserved area otherwise preloading the
+ * kernel could corrupt things.
+ */
+ result = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
+ for (i = 0; i < nr_segments; i++) {
+ unsigned long mstart, mend;
+ mstart = image->segment[i].mem;
+ mend = mstart + image->segment[i].memsz;
+ /* Ensure we are within the crash kernel limits */
+ if ((mstart < crashk_res.start) || (mend > crashk_res.end))
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+
+ /*
+ * Find a location for the control code buffer, and add
+ * the vector of segments so that it's pages will also be
+ * counted as destination pages.
+ */
+ result = -ENOMEM;
+ image->control_code_page = kimage_alloc_control_pages(image,
+ get_order(KEXEC_CONTROL_CODE_SIZE));
+ if (!image->control_code_page) {
+ printk(KERN_ERR "Could not allocate control_code_buffer\n");
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ result = 0;
+ out:
+ if (result == 0) {
+ *rimage = image;
+ } else {
+ kfree(image);
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+static int kimage_is_destination_range(
+ struct kimage *image, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
+{
+ unsigned long i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < image->nr_segments; i++) {
+ unsigned long mstart, mend;
+ mstart = image->segment[i].mem;
+ mend = mstart + image->segment[i].memsz;
+ if ((end > mstart) && (start < mend)) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static struct page *kimage_alloc_pages(unsigned int gfp_mask, unsigned int order)
+{
+ struct page *pages;
+ pages = alloc_pages(gfp_mask, order);
+ if (pages) {
+ unsigned int count, i;
+ pages->mapping = NULL;
+ pages->private = order;
+ count = 1 << order;
+ for(i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+ SetPageReserved(pages + i);
+ }
+ }
+ return pages;
+}
+
+static void kimage_free_pages(struct page *page)
+{
+ unsigned int order, count, i;
+ order = page->private;
+ count = 1 << order;
+ for(i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+ ClearPageReserved(page + i);
+ }
+ __free_pages(page, order);
+}
+
+static void kimage_free_page_list(struct list_head *list)
+{
+ struct list_head *pos, *next;
+ list_for_each_safe(pos, next, list) {
+ struct page *page;
+
+ page = list_entry(pos, struct page, lru);
+ list_del(&page->lru);
+
+ kimage_free_pages(page);
+ }
+}
+
+static struct page *kimage_alloc_normal_control_pages(
+ struct kimage *image, unsigned int order)
+{
+ /* Control pages are special, they are the intermediaries
+ * that are needed while we copy the rest of the pages
+ * to their final resting place. As such they must
+ * not conflict with either the destination addresses
+ * or memory the kernel is already using.
+ *
+ * The only case where we really need more than one of
+ * these are for architectures where we cannot disable
+ * the MMU and must instead generate an identity mapped
+ * page table for all of the memory.
+ *
+ * At worst this runs in O(N) of the image size.
+ */
+ struct list_head extra_pages;
+ struct page *pages;
+ unsigned int count;
+
+ count = 1 << order;
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&extra_pages);
+
+ /* Loop while I can allocate a page and the page allocated
+ * is a destination page.
+ */
+ do {
+ unsigned long pfn, epfn, addr, eaddr;
+ pages = kimage_alloc_pages(GFP_KERNEL, order);
+ if (!pages)
+ break;
+ pfn = page_to_pfn(pages);
+ epfn = pfn + count;
+ addr = pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
+ eaddr = epfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
+ if ((epfn >= (KEXEC_CONTROL_MEMORY_LIMIT >> PAGE_SHIFT)) ||
+ kimage_is_destination_range(image, addr, eaddr))
+ {
+ list_add(&pages->lru, &extra_pages);
+ pages = NULL;
+ }
+ } while(!pages);
+ if (pages) {
+ /* Remember the allocated page... */
+ list_add(&pages->lru, &image->control_pages);
+
+ /* Because the page is already in it's destination
+ * location we will never allocate another page at
+ * that address. Therefore kimage_alloc_pages
+ * will not return it (again) and we don't need
+ * to give it an entry in image->segment[].
+ */
+ }
+ /* Deal with the destination pages I have inadvertently allocated.
+ *
+ * Ideally I would convert multi-page allocations into single
+ * page allocations, and add everyting to image->dest_pages.
+ *
+ * For now it is simpler to just free the pages.
+ */
+ kimage_free_page_list(&extra_pages);
+ return pages;
+
+}
+
+static struct page *kimage_alloc_crash_control_pages(
+ struct kimage *image, unsigned int order)
+{
+ /* Control pages are special, they are the intermediaries
+ * that are needed while we copy the rest of the pages
+ * to their final resting place. As such they must
+ * not conflict with either the destination addresses
+ * or memory the kernel is already using.
+ *
+ * Control pages are also the only pags we must allocate
+ * when loading a crash kernel. All of the other pages
+ * are specified by the segments and we just memcpy
+ * into them directly.
+ *
+ * The only case where we really need more than one of
+ * these are for architectures where we cannot disable
+ * the MMU and must instead generate an identity mapped
+ * page table for all of the memory.
+ *
+ * Given the low demand this implements a very simple
+ * allocator that finds the first hole of the appropriate
+ * size in the reserved memory region, and allocates all
+ * of the memory up to and including the hole.
+ */
+ unsigned long hole_start, hole_end, size;
+ struct page *pages;
+ pages = NULL;
+ size = (1 << order) << PAGE_SHIFT;
+ hole_start = (image->control_page + (size - 1)) & ~(size - 1);
+ hole_end = hole_start + size - 1;
+ while(hole_end <= crashk_res.end) {
+ unsigned long i;
+ if (hole_end > KEXEC_CONTROL_MEMORY_LIMIT) {
+ break;
+ }
+ if (hole_end > crashk_res.end) {
+ break;
+ }
+ /* See if I overlap any of the segments */
+ for(i = 0; i < image->nr_segments; i++) {
+ unsigned long mstart, mend;
+ mstart = image->segment[i].mem;
+ mend = mstart + image->segment[i].memsz - 1;
+ if ((hole_end >= mstart) && (hole_start <= mend)) {
+ /* Advance the hole to the end of the segment */
+ hole_start = (mend + (size - 1)) & ~(size - 1);
+ hole_end = hole_start + size - 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ /* If I don't overlap any segments I have found my hole! */
+ if (i == image->nr_segments) {
+ pages = pfn_to_page(hole_start >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (pages) {
+ image->control_page = hole_end;
+ }
+ return pages;
+}
+
+
+struct page *kimage_alloc_control_pages(
+ struct kimage *image, unsigned int order)
+{
+ struct page *pages = NULL;
+ switch(image->type) {
+ case KEXEC_TYPE_DEFAULT:
+ pages = kimage_alloc_normal_control_pages(image, order);
+ break;
+ case KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH:
+ pages = kimage_alloc_crash_control_pages(image, order);
+ break;
+ }
+ return pages;
+}
+
+static int kimage_add_entry(struct kimage *image, kimage_entry_t entry)
+{
+ if (*image->entry != 0) {
+ image->entry++;
+ }
+ if (image->entry == image->last_entry) {
+ kimage_entry_t *ind_page;
+ struct page *page;
+ page = kimage_alloc_page(image, GFP_KERNEL, KIMAGE_NO_DEST);
+ if (!page) {
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ }
+ ind_page = page_address(page);
+ *image->entry = virt_to_phys(ind_page) | IND_INDIRECTION;
+ image->entry = ind_page;
+ image->last_entry =
+ ind_page + ((PAGE_SIZE/sizeof(kimage_entry_t)) - 1);
+ }
+ *image->entry = entry;
+ image->entry++;
+ *image->entry = 0;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int kimage_set_destination(
+ struct kimage *image, unsigned long destination)
+{
+ int result;
+
+ destination &= PAGE_MASK;
+ result = kimage_add_entry(image, destination | IND_DESTINATION);
+ if (result == 0) {
+ image->destination = destination;
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+
+static int kimage_add_page(struct kimage *image, unsigned long page)
+{
+ int result;
+
+ page &= PAGE_MASK;
+ result = kimage_add_entry(image, page | IND_SOURCE);
+ if (result == 0) {
+ image->destination += PAGE_SIZE;
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+
+static void kimage_free_extra_pages(struct kimage *image)
+{
+ /* Walk through and free any extra destination pages I may have */
+ kimage_free_page_list(&image->dest_pages);
+
+ /* Walk through and free any unuseable pages I have cached */
+ kimage_free_page_list(&image->unuseable_pages);
+
+}
+static int kimage_terminate(struct kimage *image)
+{
+ if (*image->entry != 0) {
+ image->entry++;
+ }
+ *image->entry = IND_DONE;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#define for_each_kimage_entry(image, ptr, entry) \
+ for (ptr = &image->head; (entry = *ptr) && !(entry & IND_DONE); \
+ ptr = (entry & IND_INDIRECTION)? \
+ phys_to_virt((entry & PAGE_MASK)): ptr +1)
+
+static void kimage_free_entry(kimage_entry_t entry)
+{
+ struct page *page;
+
+ page = pfn_to_page(entry >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+ kimage_free_pages(page);
+}
+
+static void kimage_free(struct kimage *image)
+{
+ kimage_entry_t *ptr, entry;
+ kimage_entry_t ind = 0;
+
+ if (!image)
+ return;
+ kimage_free_extra_pages(image);
+ for_each_kimage_entry(image, ptr, entry) {
+ if (entry & IND_INDIRECTION) {
+ /* Free the previous indirection page */
+ if (ind & IND_INDIRECTION) {
+ kimage_free_entry(ind);
+ }
+ /* Save this indirection page until we are
+ * done with it.
+ */
+ ind = entry;
+ }
+ else if (entry & IND_SOURCE) {
+ kimage_free_entry(entry);
+ }
+ }
+ /* Free the final indirection page */
+ if (ind & IND_INDIRECTION) {
+ kimage_free_entry(ind);
+ }
+
+ /* Handle any machine specific cleanup */
+ machine_kexec_cleanup(image);
+
+ /* Free the kexec control pages... */
+ kimage_free_page_list(&image->control_pages);
+ kfree(image);
+}
+
+static kimage_entry_t *kimage_dst_used(struct kimage *image, unsigned long page)
+{
+ kimage_entry_t *ptr, entry;
+ unsigned long destination = 0;
+
+ for_each_kimage_entry(image, ptr, entry) {
+ if (entry & IND_DESTINATION) {
+ destination = entry & PAGE_MASK;
+ }
+ else if (entry & IND_SOURCE) {
+ if (page == destination) {
+ return ptr;
+ }
+ destination += PAGE_SIZE;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static struct page *kimage_alloc_page(struct kimage *image, unsigned int gfp_mask, unsigned long destination)
+{
+ /*
+ * Here we implement safeguards to ensure that a source page
+ * is not copied to its destination page before the data on
+ * the destination page is no longer useful.
+ *
+ * To do this we maintain the invariant that a source page is
+ * either its own destination page, or it is not a
+ * destination page at all.
+ *
+ * That is slightly stronger than required, but the proof
+ * that no problems will not occur is trivial, and the
+ * implementation is simply to verify.
+ *
+ * When allocating all pages normally this algorithm will run
+ * in O(N) time, but in the worst case it will run in O(N^2)
+ * time. If the runtime is a problem the data structures can
+ * be fixed.
+ */
+ struct page *page;
+ unsigned long addr;
+
+ /*
+ * Walk through the list of destination pages, and see if I
+ * have a match.
+ */
+ list_for_each_entry(page, &image->dest_pages, lru) {
+ addr = page_to_pfn(page) << PAGE_SHIFT;
+ if (addr == destination) {
+ list_del(&page->lru);
+ return page;
+ }
+ }
+ page = NULL;
+ while (1) {
+ kimage_entry_t *old;
+
+ /* Allocate a page, if we run out of memory give up */
+ page = kimage_alloc_pages(gfp_mask, 0);
+ if (!page) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+ /* If the page cannot be used file it away */
+ if (page_to_pfn(page) > (KEXEC_SOURCE_MEMORY_LIMIT >> PAGE_SHIFT)) {
+ list_add(&page->lru, &image->unuseable_pages);
+ continue;
+ }
+ addr = page_to_pfn(page) << PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+ /* If it is the destination page we want use it */
+ if (addr == destination)
+ break;
+
+ /* If the page is not a destination page use it */
+ if (!kimage_is_destination_range(image, addr, addr + PAGE_SIZE))
+ break;
+
+ /*
+ * I know that the page is someones destination page.
+ * See if there is already a source page for this
+ * destination page. And if so swap the source pages.
+ */
+ old = kimage_dst_used(image, addr);
+ if (old) {
+ /* If so move it */
+ unsigned long old_addr;
+ struct page *old_page;
+
+ old_addr = *old & PAGE_MASK;
+ old_page = pfn_to_page(old_addr >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+ copy_highpage(page, old_page);
+ *old = addr | (*old & ~PAGE_MASK);
+
+ /* The old page I have found cannot be a
+ * destination page, so return it.
+ */
+ addr = old_addr;
+ page = old_page;
+ break;
+ }
+ else {
+ /* Place the page on the destination list I
+ * will use it later.
+ */
+ list_add(&page->lru, &image->dest_pages);
+ }
+ }
+ return page;
+}
+
+static int kimage_load_normal_segment(struct kimage *image,
+ struct kexec_segment *segment)
+{
+ unsigned long maddr;
+ unsigned long ubytes, mbytes;
+ int result;
+ unsigned char *buf;
+
+ result = 0;
+ buf = segment->buf;
+ ubytes = segment->bufsz;
+ mbytes = segment->memsz;
+ maddr = segment->mem;
+
+ result = kimage_set_destination(image, maddr);
+ if (result < 0) {
+ goto out;
+ }
+ while(mbytes) {
+ struct page *page;
+ char *ptr;
+ size_t uchunk, mchunk;
+ page = kimage_alloc_page(image, GFP_HIGHUSER, maddr);
+ if (page == 0) {
+ result = -ENOMEM;
+ goto out;
+ }
+ result = kimage_add_page(image, page_to_pfn(page) << PAGE_SHIFT);
+ if (result < 0) {
+ goto out;
+ }
+ ptr = kmap(page);
+ /* Start with a clear page */
+ memset(ptr, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
+ ptr += maddr & ~PAGE_MASK;
+ mchunk = PAGE_SIZE - (maddr & ~PAGE_MASK);
+ if (mchunk > mbytes) {
+ mchunk = mbytes;
+ }
+ uchunk = mchunk;
+ if (uchunk > ubytes) {
+ uchunk = ubytes;
+ }
+ result = copy_from_user(ptr, buf, uchunk);
+ kunmap(page);
+ if (result) {
+ result = (result < 0) ? result : -EIO;
+ goto out;
+ }
+ ubytes -= uchunk;
+ maddr += mchunk;
+ buf += mchunk;
+ mbytes -= mchunk;
+ }
+ out:
+ return result;
+}
+
+static int kimage_load_crash_segment(struct kimage *image,
+ struct kexec_segment *segment)
+{
+ /* For crash dumps kernels we simply copy the data from
+ * user space to it's destination.
+ * We do things a page at a time for the sake of kmap.
+ */
+ unsigned long maddr;
+ unsigned long ubytes, mbytes;
+ int result;
+ unsigned char *buf;
+
+ result = 0;
+ buf = segment->buf;
+ ubytes = segment->bufsz;
+ mbytes = segment->memsz;
+ maddr = segment->mem;
+ while(mbytes) {
+ struct page *page;
+ char *ptr;
+ size_t uchunk, mchunk;
+ page = pfn_to_page(maddr >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+ if (page == 0) {
+ result = -ENOMEM;
+ goto out;
+ }
+ ptr = kmap(page);
+ ptr += maddr & ~PAGE_MASK;
+ mchunk = PAGE_SIZE - (maddr & ~PAGE_MASK);
+ if (mchunk > mbytes) {
+ mchunk = mbytes;
+ }
+ uchunk = mchunk;
+ if (uchunk > ubytes) {
+ uchunk = ubytes;
+ /* Zero the trailing part of the page */
+ memset(ptr + uchunk, 0, mchunk - uchunk);
+ }
+ result = copy_from_user(ptr, buf, uchunk);
+ kunmap(page);
+ if (result) {
+ result = (result < 0) ? result : -EIO;
+ goto out;
+ }
+ ubytes -= uchunk;
+ maddr += mchunk;
+ buf += mchunk;
+ mbytes -= mchunk;
+ }
+ out:
+ return result;
+}
+
+static int kimage_load_segment(struct kimage *image,
+ struct kexec_segment *segment)
+{
+ int result = -ENOMEM;
+ switch(image->type) {
+ case KEXEC_TYPE_DEFAULT:
+ result = kimage_load_normal_segment(image, segment);
+ break;
+ case KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH:
+ result = kimage_load_crash_segment(image, segment);
+ break;
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Exec Kernel system call: for obvious reasons only root may call it.
+ *
+ * This call breaks up into three pieces.
+ * - A generic part which loads the new kernel from the current
+ * address space, and very carefully places the data in the
+ * allocated pages.
+ *
+ * - A generic part that interacts with the kernel and tells all of
+ * the devices to shut down. Preventing on-going dmas, and placing
+ * the devices in a consistent state so a later kernel can
+ * reinitialize them.
+ *
+ * - A machine specific part that includes the syscall number
+ * and the copies the image to it's final destination. And
+ * jumps into the image at entry.
+ *
+ * kexec does not sync, or unmount filesystems so if you need
+ * that to happen you need to do that yourself.
+ */
+struct kimage *kexec_image = NULL;
+static struct kimage *kexec_crash_image = NULL;
+/*
+ * A home grown binary mutex.
+ * Nothing can wait so this mutex is safe to use
+ * in interrupt context :)
+ */
+static int kexec_lock = 0;
+
+asmlinkage long sys_kexec_load(unsigned long entry,
+ unsigned long nr_segments, struct kexec_segment __user *segments,
+ unsigned long flags)
+{
+ struct kimage **dest_image, *image;
+ int locked;
+ int result;
+
+ /* We only trust the superuser with rebooting the system. */
+ if (!capable(CAP_SYS_BOOT))
+ return -EPERM;
+
+ /*
+ * Verify we have a legal set of flags
+ * This leaves us room for future extensions.
+ */
+ if ((flags & KEXEC_FLAGS) != (flags & ~KEXEC_ARCH_MASK))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ /* Verify we are on the appropriate architecture */
+ if (((flags & KEXEC_ARCH_MASK) != KEXEC_ARCH) &&
+ ((flags & KEXEC_ARCH_MASK) != KEXEC_ARCH_DEFAULT))
+ {
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ /* Put an artificial cap on the number
+ * of segments passed to kexec_load.
+ */
+ if (nr_segments > KEXEC_SEGMENT_MAX)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ image = NULL;
+ result = 0;
+
+ /* Because we write directly to the reserved memory
+ * region when loading crash kernels we need a mutex here to
+ * prevent multiple crash kernels from attempting to load
+ * simultaneously, and to prevent a crash kernel from loading
+ * over the top of a in use crash kernel.
+ *
+ * KISS: always take the mutex.
+ */
+ locked = xchg(&kexec_lock, 1);
+ if (locked) {
+ return -EBUSY;
+ }
+ dest_image = &kexec_image;
+ if (flags & KEXEC_ON_CRASH) {
+ dest_image = &kexec_crash_image;
+ }
+ if (nr_segments > 0) {
+ unsigned long i;
+ /* Loading another kernel to reboot into */
+ if ((flags & KEXEC_ON_CRASH) == 0) {
+ result = kimage_normal_alloc(&image, entry, nr_segments, segments);
+ }
+ /* Loading another kernel to switch to if this one crashes */
+ else if (flags & KEXEC_ON_CRASH) {
+ /* Free any current crash dump kernel before
+ * we corrupt it.
+ */
+ kimage_free(xchg(&kexec_crash_image, NULL));
+ result = kimage_crash_alloc(&image, entry, nr_segments, segments);
+ }
+ if (result) {
+ goto out;
+ }
+ result = machine_kexec_prepare(image);
+ if (result) {
+ goto out;
+ }
+ for(i = 0; i < nr_segments; i++) {
+ result = kimage_load_segment(image, &image->segment[i]);
+ if (result) {
+ goto out;
+ }
+ }
+ result = kimage_terminate(image);
+ if (result) {
+ goto out;
+ }
+ }
+ /* Install the new kernel, and Uninstall the old */
+ image = xchg(dest_image, image);
+
+ out:
+ xchg(&kexec_lock, 0); /* Release the mutex */
+ kimage_free(image);
+ return result;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+asmlinkage long compat_sys_kexec_load(unsigned long entry,
+ unsigned long nr_segments, struct compat_kexec_segment __user *segments,
+ unsigned long flags)
+{
+ struct compat_kexec_segment in;
+ struct kexec_segment out, __user *ksegments;
+ unsigned long i, result;
+
+ /* Don't allow clients that don't understand the native
+ * architecture to do anything.
+ */
+ if ((flags & KEXEC_ARCH_MASK) == KEXEC_ARCH_DEFAULT) {
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ if (nr_segments > KEXEC_SEGMENT_MAX) {
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ ksegments = compat_alloc_user_space(nr_segments * sizeof(out));
+ for (i=0; i < nr_segments; i++) {
+ result = copy_from_user(&in, &segments[i], sizeof(in));
+ if (result) {
+ return -EFAULT;
+ }
+
+ out.buf = compat_ptr(in.buf);
+ out.bufsz = in.bufsz;
+ out.mem = in.mem;
+ out.memsz = in.memsz;
+
+ result = copy_to_user(&ksegments[i], &out, sizeof(out));
+ if (result) {
+ return -EFAULT;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return sys_kexec_load(entry, nr_segments, ksegments, flags);
+}
+#endif
+
+void crash_kexec(void)
+{
+ struct kimage *image;
+ int locked;
+
+
+ /* Take the kexec_lock here to prevent sys_kexec_load
+ * running on one cpu from replacing the crash kernel
+ * we are using after a panic on a different cpu.
+ *
+ * If the crash kernel was not located in a fixed area
+ * of memory the xchg(&kexec_crash_image) would be
+ * sufficient. But since I reuse the memory...
+ */
+ locked = xchg(&kexec_lock, 1);
+ if (!locked) {
+ image = xchg(&kexec_crash_image, NULL);
+ if (image) {
+ machine_crash_shutdown();
+ machine_kexec(image);
+ }
+ xchg(&kexec_lock, 0);
+ }
+}
diff --git a/kernel/panic.c b/kernel/panic.c
index 081f746..66f43d3 100644
--- a/kernel/panic.c
+++ b/kernel/panic.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
#include <linux/sysrq.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/nmi.h>
+#include <linux/kexec.h>
int panic_timeout;
int panic_on_oops;
@@ -63,6 +64,13 @@
unsigned long caller = (unsigned long) __builtin_return_address(0);
#endif
+ /*
+ * It's possible to come here directly from a panic-assertion and not
+ * have preempt disabled. Some functions called from here want
+ * preempt to be disabled. No point enabling it later though...
+ */
+ preempt_disable();
+
bust_spinlocks(1);
va_start(args, fmt);
vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
@@ -70,7 +78,19 @@
printk(KERN_EMERG "Kernel panic - not syncing: %s\n",buf);
bust_spinlocks(0);
+ /*
+ * If we have crashed and we have a crash kernel loaded let it handle
+ * everything else.
+ * Do we want to call this before we try to display a message?
+ */
+ crash_kexec();
+
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
+ /*
+ * Note smp_send_stop is the usual smp shutdown function, which
+ * unfortunately means it may not be hardened to work in a panic
+ * situation.
+ */
smp_send_stop();
#endif
@@ -79,8 +99,7 @@
if (!panic_blink)
panic_blink = no_blink;
- if (panic_timeout > 0)
- {
+ if (panic_timeout > 0) {
/*
* Delay timeout seconds before rebooting the machine.
* We can't use the "normal" timers since we just panicked..
diff --git a/kernel/sys.c b/kernel/sys.c
index dac1016..9a24374 100644
--- a/kernel/sys.c
+++ b/kernel/sys.c
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/highuid.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/kexec.h>
#include <linux/workqueue.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/key.h>
@@ -439,6 +441,24 @@
machine_restart(buffer);
break;
+#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC
+ case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_KEXEC:
+ {
+ struct kimage *image;
+ image = xchg(&kexec_image, 0);
+ if (!image) {
+ unlock_kernel();
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ notifier_call_chain(&reboot_notifier_list, SYS_RESTART, NULL);
+ system_state = SYSTEM_RESTART;
+ device_shutdown();
+ printk(KERN_EMERG "Starting new kernel\n");
+ machine_shutdown();
+ machine_kexec(image);
+ break;
+ }
+#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SOFTWARE_SUSPEND
case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_SW_SUSPEND:
{
diff --git a/kernel/sys_ni.c b/kernel/sys_ni.c
index 6f15bea..29196ce 100644
--- a/kernel/sys_ni.c
+++ b/kernel/sys_ni.c
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
cond_syscall(sys_lookup_dcookie);
cond_syscall(sys_swapon);
cond_syscall(sys_swapoff);
+cond_syscall(sys_kexec_load);
+cond_syscall(compat_sys_kexec_load);
cond_syscall(sys_init_module);
cond_syscall(sys_delete_module);
cond_syscall(sys_socketpair);