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Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -07001 DMA Engine API Guide
2 ====================
3
4 Vinod Koul <vinod dot koul at intel.com>
5
6NOTE: For DMA Engine usage in async_tx please see:
7 Documentation/crypto/async-tx-api.txt
8
9
10Below is a guide to device driver writers on how to use the Slave-DMA API of the
11DMA Engine. This is applicable only for slave DMA usage only.
12
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010013The slave DMA usage consists of following steps:
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -0700141. Allocate a DMA slave channel
152. Set slave and controller specific parameters
163. Get a descriptor for transaction
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +0100174. Submit the transaction
185. Issue pending requests and wait for callback notification
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -070019
201. Allocate a DMA slave channel
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -070021
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010022 Channel allocation is slightly different in the slave DMA context,
23 client drivers typically need a channel from a particular DMA
24 controller only and even in some cases a specific channel is desired.
Peter Ujfalusia8135d02015-12-14 22:47:40 +020025 To request a channel dma_request_chan() API is used.
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -070026
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010027 Interface:
Peter Ujfalusia8135d02015-12-14 22:47:40 +020028 struct dma_chan *dma_request_chan(struct device *dev, const char *name);
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010029
Peter Ujfalusia8135d02015-12-14 22:47:40 +020030 Which will find and return the 'name' DMA channel associated with the 'dev'
31 device. The association is done via DT, ACPI or board file based
32 dma_slave_map matching table.
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010033
34 A channel allocated via this interface is exclusive to the caller,
35 until dma_release_channel() is called.
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -070036
372. Set slave and controller specific parameters
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -070038
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010039 Next step is always to pass some specific information to the DMA
40 driver. Most of the generic information which a slave DMA can use
41 is in struct dma_slave_config. This allows the clients to specify
42 DMA direction, DMA addresses, bus widths, DMA burst lengths etc
43 for the peripheral.
44
45 If some DMA controllers have more parameters to be sent then they
46 should try to embed struct dma_slave_config in their controller
47 specific structure. That gives flexibility to client to pass more
48 parameters, if required.
49
50 Interface:
51 int dmaengine_slave_config(struct dma_chan *chan,
52 struct dma_slave_config *config)
53
54 Please see the dma_slave_config structure definition in dmaengine.h
Masanari Iida40e47122012-03-04 23:16:11 +090055 for a detailed explanation of the struct members. Please note
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010056 that the 'direction' member will be going away as it duplicates the
57 direction given in the prepare call.
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -070058
593. Get a descriptor for transaction
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010060
61 For slave usage the various modes of slave transfers supported by the
62 DMA-engine are:
63
64 slave_sg - DMA a list of scatter gather buffers from/to a peripheral
65 dma_cyclic - Perform a cyclic DMA operation from/to a peripheral till the
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -070066 operation is explicitly stopped.
Jassi Brarb14dab72011-10-13 12:33:30 +053067 interleaved_dma - This is common to Slave as well as M2M clients. For slave
68 address of devices' fifo could be already known to the driver.
69 Various types of operations could be expressed by setting
70 appropriate values to the 'dma_interleaved_template' members.
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -070071
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010072 A non-NULL return of this transfer API represents a "descriptor" for
73 the given transaction.
74
75 Interface:
Geert Uytterhoeven96cb9892014-06-16 15:13:24 +020076 struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *dmaengine_prep_slave_sg(
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010077 struct dma_chan *chan, struct scatterlist *sgl,
78 unsigned int sg_len, enum dma_data_direction direction,
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -070079 unsigned long flags);
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010080
Geert Uytterhoeven96cb9892014-06-16 15:13:24 +020081 struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *dmaengine_prep_dma_cyclic(
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -070082 struct dma_chan *chan, dma_addr_t buf_addr, size_t buf_len,
83 size_t period_len, enum dma_data_direction direction);
84
Geert Uytterhoeven96cb9892014-06-16 15:13:24 +020085 struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *dmaengine_prep_interleaved_dma(
Jassi Brarb14dab72011-10-13 12:33:30 +053086 struct dma_chan *chan, struct dma_interleaved_template *xt,
87 unsigned long flags);
88
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010089 The peripheral driver is expected to have mapped the scatterlist for
Geert Uytterhoeven58d06e92014-08-20 15:18:44 +020090 the DMA operation prior to calling dmaengine_prep_slave_sg(), and must
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010091 keep the scatterlist mapped until the DMA operation has completed.
Geert Uytterhoeven70c9b8b2014-07-11 17:56:21 +020092 The scatterlist must be mapped using the DMA struct device.
93 If a mapping needs to be synchronized later, dma_sync_*_for_*() must be
94 called using the DMA struct device, too.
95 So, normal setup should look like this:
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -070096
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +010097 nr_sg = dma_map_sg(chan->device->dev, sgl, sg_len);
98 if (nr_sg == 0)
99 /* error */
Vinod Koul46b29032011-05-25 14:49:20 -0700100
Geert Uytterhoeven96cb9892014-06-16 15:13:24 +0200101 desc = dmaengine_prep_slave_sg(chan, sgl, nr_sg, direction, flags);
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +0100102
103 Once a descriptor has been obtained, the callback information can be
104 added and the descriptor must then be submitted. Some DMA engine
105 drivers may hold a spinlock between a successful preparation and
106 submission so it is important that these two operations are closely
107 paired.
108
109 Note:
110 Although the async_tx API specifies that completion callback
111 routines cannot submit any new operations, this is not the
112 case for slave/cyclic DMA.
113
114 For slave DMA, the subsequent transaction may not be available
115 for submission prior to callback function being invoked, so
116 slave DMA callbacks are permitted to prepare and submit a new
117 transaction.
118
119 For cyclic DMA, a callback function may wish to terminate the
Lars-Peter Clausenb36f09c2015-10-20 11:46:28 +0200120 DMA via dmaengine_terminate_async().
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +0100121
122 Therefore, it is important that DMA engine drivers drop any
123 locks before calling the callback function which may cause a
124 deadlock.
125
126 Note that callbacks will always be invoked from the DMA
127 engines tasklet, never from interrupt context.
128
1294. Submit the transaction
130
131 Once the descriptor has been prepared and the callback information
132 added, it must be placed on the DMA engine drivers pending queue.
133
134 Interface:
135 dma_cookie_t dmaengine_submit(struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *desc)
136
137 This returns a cookie can be used to check the progress of DMA engine
138 activity via other DMA engine calls not covered in this document.
139
140 dmaengine_submit() will not start the DMA operation, it merely adds
141 it to the pending queue. For this, see step 5, dma_async_issue_pending.
142
1435. Issue pending DMA requests and wait for callback notification
144
145 The transactions in the pending queue can be activated by calling the
146 issue_pending API. If channel is idle then the first transaction in
147 queue is started and subsequent ones queued up.
148
149 On completion of each DMA operation, the next in queue is started and
150 a tasklet triggered. The tasklet will then call the client driver
151 completion callback routine for notification, if set.
152
153 Interface:
154 void dma_async_issue_pending(struct dma_chan *chan);
155
156Further APIs:
157
Lars-Peter Clausenb36f09c2015-10-20 11:46:28 +02001581. int dmaengine_terminate_sync(struct dma_chan *chan)
159 int dmaengine_terminate_async(struct dma_chan *chan)
160 int dmaengine_terminate_all(struct dma_chan *chan) /* DEPRECATED */
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +0100161
162 This causes all activity for the DMA channel to be stopped, and may
163 discard data in the DMA FIFO which hasn't been fully transferred.
164 No callback functions will be called for any incomplete transfers.
165
Lars-Peter Clausenb36f09c2015-10-20 11:46:28 +0200166 Two variants of this function are available.
167
168 dmaengine_terminate_async() might not wait until the DMA has been fully
169 stopped or until any running complete callbacks have finished. But it is
170 possible to call dmaengine_terminate_async() from atomic context or from
171 within a complete callback. dmaengine_synchronize() must be called before it
172 is safe to free the memory accessed by the DMA transfer or free resources
173 accessed from within the complete callback.
174
175 dmaengine_terminate_sync() will wait for the transfer and any running
176 complete callbacks to finish before it returns. But the function must not be
177 called from atomic context or from within a complete callback.
178
179 dmaengine_terminate_all() is deprecated and should not be used in new code.
180
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +01001812. int dmaengine_pause(struct dma_chan *chan)
182
183 This pauses activity on the DMA channel without data loss.
184
1853. int dmaengine_resume(struct dma_chan *chan)
186
187 Resume a previously paused DMA channel. It is invalid to resume a
188 channel which is not currently paused.
189
1904. enum dma_status dma_async_is_tx_complete(struct dma_chan *chan,
191 dma_cookie_t cookie, dma_cookie_t *last, dma_cookie_t *used)
192
193 This can be used to check the status of the channel. Please see
194 the documentation in include/linux/dmaengine.h for a more complete
195 description of this API.
196
197 This can be used in conjunction with dma_async_is_complete() and
Geert Uytterhoeven96cb9892014-06-16 15:13:24 +0200198 the cookie returned from dmaengine_submit() to check for
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +0100199 completion of a specific DMA transaction.
200
201 Note:
202 Not all DMA engine drivers can return reliable information for
203 a running DMA channel. It is recommended that DMA engine users
Geert Uytterhoeven58d06e92014-08-20 15:18:44 +0200204 pause or stop (via dmaengine_terminate_all()) the channel before
Russell King - ARM Linux5a42fb92011-07-26 14:25:10 +0100205 using this API.
Lars-Peter Clausenb36f09c2015-10-20 11:46:28 +0200206
2075. void dmaengine_synchronize(struct dma_chan *chan)
208
209 Synchronize the termination of the DMA channel to the current context.
210
211 This function should be used after dmaengine_terminate_async() to synchronize
212 the termination of the DMA channel to the current context. The function will
213 wait for the transfer and any running complete callbacks to finish before it
214 returns.
215
216 If dmaengine_terminate_async() is used to stop the DMA channel this function
217 must be called before it is safe to free memory accessed by previously
218 submitted descriptors or to free any resources accessed within the complete
219 callback of previously submitted descriptors.
220
221 The behavior of this function is undefined if dma_async_issue_pending() has
222 been called between dmaengine_terminate_async() and this function.