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Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07001
2 LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES (2.6+ version)
3
4 Maintained by Torben Mathiasen <device@lanana.org>
5
Jan Engelhardta4521942006-06-25 05:49:33 -07006 Last revised: 15 May 2006
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07007
8This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated
9device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating
10system.
11
12The latest version of this list is available from
13http://www.lanana.org/docs/device-list/ or
14ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/. This version may be
15newer than the one distributed with the Linux kernel.
16
17The LaTeX version of this document is no longer maintained.
18
19This document is included by reference into the Filesystem Hierarchy
20Standard (FHS). The FHS is available from http://www.pathname.com/fhs/.
21
22Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga
23platform only. Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on
24the Atari platform only.
25
26The symbol {2.6} means the allocation is obsolete and scheduled for
27removal once kernel version 2.6 (or equivalent) is released. Some of these
28allocations have already been removed.
29
30This document is in the public domain. The author requests, however,
31that semantically altered versions are not distributed without
32permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without
33an unreasonable effort.
34
35In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at
36least not without contacting me first.
37
38I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears
39on this list. Any such information requests will be deleted without
40reply.
41
42
43 **** DEVICE DRIVERS AUTHORS PLEASE READ THIS ****
44
45To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations
46where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the
47appropriate device information. Also, if you have additional
48information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have
49made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note.
50
51I do, however, make a few requests about the nature of your report.
52This is necessary for me to be able to keep this list up to date and
53correct in a timely manner. First of all, *please* send it to the
54correct address... <device@lanana.org>. I receive hundreds of email
55messages a day, so mail sent to other addresses may very well get lost
56in the avalanche. Please put in a descriptive subject, so I can find
57your mail again should I need to. Too many people send me email
58saying just "device number request" in the subject.
59
60Second, please include a description of the device *in the same format
61as this list*. The reason for this is that it is the only way I have
62found to ensure I have all the requisite information to publish your
63device and avoid conflicts.
64
65Third, please don't assume that the distributed version of the list is
66up to date. Due to the number of registrations I have to maintain it
67in "batch mode", so there is likely additional registrations that
68haven't been listed yet.
69
70Finally, sometimes I have to play "namespace police." Please don't be
71offended. I often get submissions for /dev names that would be bound
72to cause conflicts down the road. I am trying to avoid getting in a
73situation where we would have to suffer an incompatible forward
74change. Therefore, please consult with me *before* you make your
75device names and numbers in any way public, at least to the point
76where it would be at all difficult to get them changed.
77
78Your cooperation is appreciated.
79
80
81 0 Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)
82 0 = reserved as null device number
83 See block major 144, 145, 146 for expansion areas.
84
85 1 char Memory devices
86 1 = /dev/mem Physical memory access
87 2 = /dev/kmem Kernel virtual memory access
88 3 = /dev/null Null device
89 4 = /dev/port I/O port access
90 5 = /dev/zero Null byte source
91 6 = /dev/core OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
92 7 = /dev/full Returns ENOSPC on write
93 8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen.
94 9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen.
95 10 = /dev/aio Asyncronous I/O notification interface
96 11 = /dev/kmsg Writes to this come out as printk's
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -070097 1 block RAM disk
98 0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk
99 1 = /dev/ram1 Second RAM disk
100 ...
101 250 = /dev/initrd Initial RAM disk {2.6}
102
103 Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
104 /dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
105 by the boot loader; newer kernels use /dev/ram0 for
106 the initrd.
107
108 2 char Pseudo-TTY masters
109 0 = /dev/ptyp0 First PTY master
110 1 = /dev/ptyp1 Second PTY master
111 ...
112 255 = /dev/ptyef 256th PTY master
113
114 Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
115 * Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
116 * the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
117 the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
118 * the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
119 the position within the series.
120
121 These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
122 devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
123 master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
124 demand.
125
126 2 block Floppy disks
127 0 = /dev/fd0 Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect
128 1 = /dev/fd1 Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
129 2 = /dev/fd2 Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect
130 3 = /dev/fd3 Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect
131 128 = /dev/fd4 Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect
132 129 = /dev/fd5 Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect
133 130 = /dev/fd6 Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect
134 131 = /dev/fd7 Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect
135
136 To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
137 0 = /dev/fd? Autodetect format
138 4 = /dev/fd?d360 5.25" 360K in a 360K drive(1)
139 20 = /dev/fd?h360 5.25" 360K in a 1200K drive(1)
140 48 = /dev/fd?h410 5.25" 410K in a 1200K drive
141 64 = /dev/fd?h420 5.25" 420K in a 1200K drive
142 24 = /dev/fd?h720 5.25" 720K in a 1200K drive
143 80 = /dev/fd?h880 5.25" 880K in a 1200K drive(1)
144 8 = /dev/fd?h1200 5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
145 40 = /dev/fd?h1440 5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
146 56 = /dev/fd?h1476 5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
147 72 = /dev/fd?h1494 5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
148 92 = /dev/fd?h1600 5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)
149
150 12 = /dev/fd?u360 3.5" 360K Double Density(2)
151 16 = /dev/fd?u720 3.5" 720K Double Density(1)
152 120 = /dev/fd?u800 3.5" 800K Double Density(2)
153 52 = /dev/fd?u820 3.5" 820K Double Density
154 68 = /dev/fd?u830 3.5" 830K Double Density
155 84 = /dev/fd?u1040 3.5" 1040K Double Density(1)
156 88 = /dev/fd?u1120 3.5" 1120K Double Density(1)
157 28 = /dev/fd?u1440 3.5" 1440K High Density(1)
158 124 = /dev/fd?u1600 3.5" 1600K High Density(1)
159 44 = /dev/fd?u1680 3.5" 1680K High Density(3)
160 60 = /dev/fd?u1722 3.5" 1722K High Density
161 76 = /dev/fd?u1743 3.5" 1743K High Density
162 96 = /dev/fd?u1760 3.5" 1760K High Density
163 116 = /dev/fd?u1840 3.5" 1840K High Density(3)
164 100 = /dev/fd?u1920 3.5" 1920K High Density(1)
165 32 = /dev/fd?u2880 3.5" 2880K Extra Density(1)
166 104 = /dev/fd?u3200 3.5" 3200K Extra Density
167 108 = /dev/fd?u3520 3.5" 3520K Extra Density
168 112 = /dev/fd?u3840 3.5" 3840K Extra Density(1)
169
170 36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?
171
172 (1) Autodetectable format
173 (2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
174 (3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only
175
176 NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
177 signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
178 5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
179 (any model, u). The use of the capital letters D, H
180 and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
181 the drive type is insignificant for these devices.
182
183 3 char Pseudo-TTY slaves
184 0 = /dev/ttyp0 First PTY slave
185 1 = /dev/ttyp1 Second PTY slave
186 ...
187 255 = /dev/ttyef 256th PTY slave
188
189 These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
190 devices are on major 136 and above.
191
192 3 block First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
193 0 = /dev/hda Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
194 64 = /dev/hdb Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
195
196 For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
197 0 = /dev/hd? Whole disk
198 1 = /dev/hd?1 First partition
199 2 = /dev/hd?2 Second partition
200 ...
201 63 = /dev/hd?63 63rd partition
202
203 For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
204 partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
205 Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
206 appropriate to their respective architectures.
207
208 4 char TTY devices
209 0 = /dev/tty0 Current virtual console
210
211 1 = /dev/tty1 First virtual console
212 ...
213 63 = /dev/tty63 63rd virtual console
214 64 = /dev/ttyS0 First UART serial port
215 ...
216 255 = /dev/ttyS191 192nd UART serial port
217
218 UART serial ports refer to 8250/16450/16550 series devices.
219
220 Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major
221 number for BSD PTY devices. As of Linux 2.1.115, this
222 is no longer supported. Use major numbers 2 and 3.
223
224 4 block Aliases for dynamically allocated major devices to be used
225 when its not possible to create the real device nodes
226 because the root filesystem is mounted read-only.
227
228 0 = /dev/root
229
230 5 char Alternate TTY devices
231 0 = /dev/tty Current TTY device
232 1 = /dev/console System console
233 2 = /dev/ptmx PTY master multiplex
234 64 = /dev/cua0 Callout device for ttyS0
235 ...
236 255 = /dev/cua191 Callout device for ttyS191
237
238 (5,1) is /dev/console starting with Linux 2.1.71. See
239 the section on terminal devices for more information
240 on /dev/console.
241
242 6 char Parallel printer devices
243 0 = /dev/lp0 Parallel printer on parport0
244 1 = /dev/lp1 Parallel printer on parport1
245 ...
246
247 Current Linux kernels no longer have a fixed mapping
248 between parallel ports and I/O addresses. Instead,
249 they are redirected through the parport multiplex layer.
250
251 7 char Virtual console capture devices
252 0 = /dev/vcs Current vc text contents
253 1 = /dev/vcs1 tty1 text contents
254 ...
255 63 = /dev/vcs63 tty63 text contents
256 128 = /dev/vcsa Current vc text/attribute contents
257 129 = /dev/vcsa1 tty1 text/attribute contents
258 ...
259 191 = /dev/vcsa63 tty63 text/attribute contents
260
261 NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
262
263 7 block Loopback devices
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -0700264 0 = /dev/loop0 First loop device
265 1 = /dev/loop1 Second loop device
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700266 ...
267
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -0700268 The loop devices are used to mount filesystems not
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700269 associated with block devices. The binding to the
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -0700270 loop devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700271
272 8 block SCSI disk devices (0-15)
273 0 = /dev/sda First SCSI disk whole disk
274 16 = /dev/sdb Second SCSI disk whole disk
275 32 = /dev/sdc Third SCSI disk whole disk
276 ...
277 240 = /dev/sdp Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk
278
279 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
280 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
281 partitions is 15.
282
283 9 char SCSI tape devices
284 0 = /dev/st0 First SCSI tape, mode 0
285 1 = /dev/st1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0
286 ...
287 32 = /dev/st0l First SCSI tape, mode 1
288 33 = /dev/st1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1
289 ...
290 64 = /dev/st0m First SCSI tape, mode 2
291 65 = /dev/st1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2
292 ...
293 96 = /dev/st0a First SCSI tape, mode 3
294 97 = /dev/st1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3
295 ...
296 128 = /dev/nst0 First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
297 129 = /dev/nst1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
298 ...
299 160 = /dev/nst0l First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
300 161 = /dev/nst1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
301 ...
302 192 = /dev/nst0m First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
303 193 = /dev/nst1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
304 ...
305 224 = /dev/nst0a First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
306 225 = /dev/nst1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
307 ...
308
309 "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
310 automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
311 ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
312 the device used to access it.
313
314 9 block Metadisk (RAID) devices
315 0 = /dev/md0 First metadisk group
316 1 = /dev/md1 Second metadisk group
317 ...
318
319 The metadisk driver is used to span a
320 filesystem across multiple physical disks.
321
322 10 char Non-serial mice, misc features
323 0 = /dev/logibm Logitech bus mouse
324 1 = /dev/psaux PS/2-style mouse port
325 2 = /dev/inportbm Microsoft Inport bus mouse
326 3 = /dev/atibm ATI XL bus mouse
327 4 = /dev/jbm J-mouse
328 4 = /dev/amigamouse Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
329 5 = /dev/atarimouse Atari mouse
330 6 = /dev/sunmouse Sun mouse
331 7 = /dev/amigamouse1 Second Amiga mouse
332 8 = /dev/smouse Simple serial mouse driver
333 9 = /dev/pc110pad IBM PC-110 digitizer pad
334 10 = /dev/adbmouse Apple Desktop Bus mouse
335 11 = /dev/vrtpanel Vr41xx embedded touch panel
336 13 = /dev/vpcmouse Connectix Virtual PC Mouse
337 14 = /dev/touchscreen/ucb1x00 UCB 1x00 touchscreen
338 15 = /dev/touchscreen/mk712 MK712 touchscreen
339 128 = /dev/beep Fancy beep device
340 129 = /dev/modreq Kernel module load request {2.6}
341 130 = /dev/watchdog Watchdog timer port
342 131 = /dev/temperature Machine internal temperature
343 132 = /dev/hwtrap Hardware fault trap
344 133 = /dev/exttrp External device trap
345 134 = /dev/apm_bios Advanced Power Management BIOS
346 135 = /dev/rtc Real Time Clock
347 139 = /dev/openprom SPARC OpenBoot PROM
348 140 = /dev/relay8 Berkshire Products Octal relay card
349 141 = /dev/relay16 Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card
350 142 = /dev/msr x86 model-specific registers {2.6}
351 143 = /dev/pciconf PCI configuration space
352 144 = /dev/nvram Non-volatile configuration RAM
353 145 = /dev/hfmodem Soundcard shortwave modem control {2.6}
354 146 = /dev/graphics Linux/SGI graphics device
355 147 = /dev/opengl Linux/SGI OpenGL pipe
356 148 = /dev/gfx Linux/SGI graphics effects device
357 149 = /dev/input/mouse Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse
358 150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard
359 151 = /dev/led Front panel LEDs
360 152 = /dev/kpoll Kernel Poll Driver
361 153 = /dev/mergemem Memory merge device
362 154 = /dev/pmu Macintosh PowerBook power manager
363 155 = /dev/isictl MultiTech ISICom serial control
364 156 = /dev/lcd Front panel LCD display
365 157 = /dev/ac Applicom Intl Profibus card
366 158 = /dev/nwbutton Netwinder external button
367 159 = /dev/nwdebug Netwinder debug interface
368 160 = /dev/nwflash Netwinder flash memory
369 161 = /dev/userdma User-space DMA access
370 162 = /dev/smbus System Management Bus
371 163 = /dev/lik Logitech Internet Keyboard
372 164 = /dev/ipmo Intel Intelligent Platform Management
373 165 = /dev/vmmon VMWare virtual machine monitor
374 166 = /dev/i2o/ctl I2O configuration manager
375 167 = /dev/specialix_sxctl Specialix serial control
376 168 = /dev/tcldrv Technology Concepts serial control
377 169 = /dev/specialix_rioctl Specialix RIO serial control
378 170 = /dev/thinkpad/thinkpad IBM Thinkpad devices
379 171 = /dev/srripc QNX4 API IPC manager
380 172 = /dev/usemaclone Semaphore clone device
381 173 = /dev/ipmikcs Intelligent Platform Management
382 174 = /dev/uctrl SPARCbook 3 microcontroller
383 175 = /dev/agpgart AGP Graphics Address Remapping Table
384 176 = /dev/gtrsc Gorgy Timing radio clock
385 177 = /dev/cbm Serial CBM bus
386 178 = /dev/jsflash JavaStation OS flash SIMM
387 179 = /dev/xsvc High-speed shared-mem/semaphore service
388 180 = /dev/vrbuttons Vr41xx button input device
389 181 = /dev/toshiba Toshiba laptop SMM support
390 182 = /dev/perfctr Performance-monitoring counters
391 183 = /dev/hwrng Generic random number generator
392 184 = /dev/cpu/microcode CPU microcode update interface
393 186 = /dev/atomicps Atomic shapshot of process state data
394 187 = /dev/irnet IrNET device
395 188 = /dev/smbusbios SMBus BIOS
396 189 = /dev/ussp_ctl User space serial port control
397 190 = /dev/crash Mission Critical Linux crash dump facility
398 191 = /dev/pcl181 <information missing>
399 192 = /dev/nas_xbus NAS xbus LCD/buttons access
400 193 = /dev/d7s SPARC 7-segment display
401 194 = /dev/zkshim Zero-Knowledge network shim control
402 195 = /dev/elographics/e2201 Elographics touchscreen E271-2201
403 198 = /dev/sexec Signed executable interface
404 199 = /dev/scanners/cuecat :CueCat barcode scanner
405 200 = /dev/net/tun TAP/TUN network device
406 201 = /dev/button/gulpb Transmeta GULP-B buttons
407 202 = /dev/emd/ctl Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) control
408 204 = /dev/video/em8300 EM8300 DVD decoder control
409 205 = /dev/video/em8300_mv EM8300 DVD decoder video
410 206 = /dev/video/em8300_ma EM8300 DVD decoder audio
411 207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture
412 208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller
413 209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid Compaq Remote Insight Driver
414 210 = /dev/impi/bt IMPI coprocessor block transfer
415 211 = /dev/impi/smic IMPI coprocessor stream interface
416 212 = /dev/watchdogs/0 First watchdog device
417 213 = /dev/watchdogs/1 Second watchdog device
418 214 = /dev/watchdogs/2 Third watchdog device
419 215 = /dev/watchdogs/3 Fourth watchdog device
420 216 = /dev/fujitsu/apanel Fujitsu/Siemens application panel
421 217 = /dev/ni/natmotn National Instruments Motion
422 218 = /dev/kchuid Inter-process chuid control
423 219 = /dev/modems/mwave MWave modem firmware upload
424 220 = /dev/mptctl Message passing technology (MPT) control
425 221 = /dev/mvista/hssdsi Montavista PICMG hot swap system driver
426 222 = /dev/mvista/hasi Montavista PICMG high availability
427 223 = /dev/input/uinput User level driver support for input
428 224 = /dev/tpm TCPA TPM driver
429 225 = /dev/pps Pulse Per Second driver
430 226 = /dev/systrace Systrace device
431 227 = /dev/mcelog X86_64 Machine Check Exception driver
432 228 = /dev/hpet HPET driver
433 229 = /dev/fuse Fuse (virtual filesystem in user-space)
434 230 = /dev/midishare MidiShare driver
435 240-254 Reserved for local use
436 255 Reserved for MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR
437
438 11 char Raw keyboard device (Linux/SPARC only)
439 0 = /dev/kbd Raw keyboard device
440
441 11 char Serial Mux device (Linux/PA-RISC only)
442 0 = /dev/ttyB0 First mux port
443 1 = /dev/ttyB1 Second mux port
444 ...
445
446 11 block SCSI CD-ROM devices
447 0 = /dev/scd0 First SCSI CD-ROM
448 1 = /dev/scd1 Second SCSI CD-ROM
449 ...
450
451 The prefix /dev/sr (instead of /dev/scd) has been deprecated.
452
453 12 char QIC-02 tape
454 2 = /dev/ntpqic11 QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
455 3 = /dev/tpqic11 QIC-11, rewind-on-close
456 4 = /dev/ntpqic24 QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
457 5 = /dev/tpqic24 QIC-24, rewind-on-close
458 6 = /dev/ntpqic120 QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
459 7 = /dev/tpqic120 QIC-120, rewind-on-close
460 8 = /dev/ntpqic150 QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
461 9 = /dev/tpqic150 QIC-150, rewind-on-close
462
463 The device names specified are proposed -- if there
464 are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.
465
466 12 block MSCDEX CD-ROM callback support {2.6}
467 0 = /dev/dos_cd0 First MSCDEX CD-ROM
468 1 = /dev/dos_cd1 Second MSCDEX CD-ROM
469 ...
470
471 13 char Input core
472 0 = /dev/input/js0 First joystick
473 1 = /dev/input/js1 Second joystick
474 ...
475 32 = /dev/input/mouse0 First mouse
476 33 = /dev/input/mouse1 Second mouse
477 ...
478 63 = /dev/input/mice Unified mouse
479 64 = /dev/input/event0 First event queue
480 65 = /dev/input/event1 Second event queue
481 ...
482
483 Each device type has 5 bits (32 minors).
484
485 13 block 8-bit MFM/RLL/IDE controller
486 0 = /dev/xda First XT disk whole disk
487 64 = /dev/xdb Second XT disk whole disk
488
489 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
490 (see major number 3).
491
492 14 char Open Sound System (OSS)
493 0 = /dev/mixer Mixer control
494 1 = /dev/sequencer Audio sequencer
495 2 = /dev/midi00 First MIDI port
496 3 = /dev/dsp Digital audio
497 4 = /dev/audio Sun-compatible digital audio
498 6 = /dev/sndstat Sound card status information {2.6}
499 7 = /dev/audioctl SPARC audio control device
500 8 = /dev/sequencer2 Sequencer -- alternate device
501 16 = /dev/mixer1 Second soundcard mixer control
502 17 = /dev/patmgr0 Sequencer patch manager
503 18 = /dev/midi01 Second MIDI port
504 19 = /dev/dsp1 Second soundcard digital audio
505 20 = /dev/audio1 Second soundcard Sun digital audio
506 33 = /dev/patmgr1 Sequencer patch manager
507 34 = /dev/midi02 Third MIDI port
508 50 = /dev/midi03 Fourth MIDI port
509 14 block BIOS harddrive callback support {2.6}
510 0 = /dev/dos_hda First BIOS harddrive whole disk
511 64 = /dev/dos_hdb Second BIOS harddrive whole disk
512 128 = /dev/dos_hdc Third BIOS harddrive whole disk
513 192 = /dev/dos_hdd Fourth BIOS harddrive whole disk
514
515 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
516 (see major number 3).
517
518 15 char Joystick
519 0 = /dev/js0 First analog joystick
520 1 = /dev/js1 Second analog joystick
521 ...
522 128 = /dev/djs0 First digital joystick
523 129 = /dev/djs1 Second digital joystick
524 ...
525 15 block Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
526 0 = /dev/sonycd Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM
527
528 16 char Non-SCSI scanners
529 0 = /dev/gs4500 Genius 4500 handheld scanner
530 16 block GoldStar CD-ROM
531 0 = /dev/gscd GoldStar CD-ROM
532
533 17 char Chase serial card
534 0 = /dev/ttyH0 First Chase port
535 1 = /dev/ttyH1 Second Chase port
536 ...
537 17 block Optics Storage CD-ROM
538 0 = /dev/optcd Optics Storage CD-ROM
539
540 18 char Chase serial card - alternate devices
541 0 = /dev/cuh0 Callout device for ttyH0
542 1 = /dev/cuh1 Callout device for ttyH1
543 ...
544 18 block Sanyo CD-ROM
545 0 = /dev/sjcd Sanyo CD-ROM
546
547 19 char Cyclades serial card
548 0 = /dev/ttyC0 First Cyclades port
549 ...
550 31 = /dev/ttyC31 32nd Cyclades port
551 19 block "Double" compressed disk
552 0 = /dev/double0 First compressed disk
553 ...
554 7 = /dev/double7 Eighth compressed disk
555 128 = /dev/cdouble0 Mirror of first compressed disk
556 ...
557 135 = /dev/cdouble7 Mirror of eighth compressed disk
558
559 See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
560 mirror devices.
561
562 20 char Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
563 0 = /dev/cub0 Callout device for ttyC0
564 ...
565 31 = /dev/cub31 Callout device for ttyC31
566 20 block Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
567 0 = /dev/hitcd Hitachi CD-ROM
568
569 21 char Generic SCSI access
570 0 = /dev/sg0 First generic SCSI device
571 1 = /dev/sg1 Second generic SCSI device
572 ...
573
574 Most distributions name these /dev/sga, /dev/sgb...;
575 this sets an unnecessary limit of 26 SCSI devices in
576 the system and is counter to standard Linux
577 device-naming practice.
578
579 21 block Acorn MFM hard drive interface
580 0 = /dev/mfma First MFM drive whole disk
581 64 = /dev/mfmb Second MFM drive whole disk
582
583 This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
584 Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
585 (see major number 3).
586
587 22 char Digiboard serial card
588 0 = /dev/ttyD0 First Digiboard port
589 1 = /dev/ttyD1 Second Digiboard port
590 ...
591 22 block Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
592 0 = /dev/hdc Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
593 64 = /dev/hdd Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
594
595 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
596 interface (see major number 3).
597
598 23 char Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
599 0 = /dev/cud0 Callout device for ttyD0
600 1 = /dev/cud1 Callout device for ttyD1
601 ...
602 23 block Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
603 0 = /dev/mcd Mitsumi CD-ROM
604
605 24 char Stallion serial card
606 0 = /dev/ttyE0 Stallion port 0 card 0
607 1 = /dev/ttyE1 Stallion port 1 card 0
608 ...
609 64 = /dev/ttyE64 Stallion port 0 card 1
610 65 = /dev/ttyE65 Stallion port 1 card 1
611 ...
612 128 = /dev/ttyE128 Stallion port 0 card 2
613 129 = /dev/ttyE129 Stallion port 1 card 2
614 ...
615 192 = /dev/ttyE192 Stallion port 0 card 3
616 193 = /dev/ttyE193 Stallion port 1 card 3
617 ...
618 24 block Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
619 0 = /dev/cdu535 Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
620
621 25 char Stallion serial card - alternate devices
622 0 = /dev/cue0 Callout device for ttyE0
623 1 = /dev/cue1 Callout device for ttyE1
624 ...
625 64 = /dev/cue64 Callout device for ttyE64
626 65 = /dev/cue65 Callout device for ttyE65
627 ...
628 128 = /dev/cue128 Callout device for ttyE128
629 129 = /dev/cue129 Callout device for ttyE129
630 ...
631 192 = /dev/cue192 Callout device for ttyE192
632 193 = /dev/cue193 Callout device for ttyE193
633 ...
634 25 block First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
635 0 = /dev/sbpcd0 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0
636 1 = /dev/sbpcd1 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
637 2 = /dev/sbpcd2 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
638 3 = /dev/sbpcd3 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3
639
640 26 char Quanta WinVision frame grabber {2.6}
641 0 = /dev/wvisfgrab Quanta WinVision frame grabber
642 26 block Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
643 0 = /dev/sbpcd4 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
644 1 = /dev/sbpcd5 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
645 2 = /dev/sbpcd6 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
646 3 = /dev/sbpcd7 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3
647
648 27 char QIC-117 tape
649 0 = /dev/qft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close
650 1 = /dev/qft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close
651 2 = /dev/qft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close
652 3 = /dev/qft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close
653 4 = /dev/nqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
654 5 = /dev/nqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
655 6 = /dev/nqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
656 7 = /dev/nqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
657 16 = /dev/zqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, compression
658 17 = /dev/zqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, compression
659 18 = /dev/zqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, compression
660 19 = /dev/zqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, compression
661 20 = /dev/nzqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, compression
662 21 = /dev/nzqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, compression
663 22 = /dev/nzqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, compression
664 23 = /dev/nzqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, compression
665 32 = /dev/rawqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, no file marks
666 33 = /dev/rawqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, no file marks
667 34 = /dev/rawqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, no file marks
668 35 = /dev/rawqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, no file marks
669 36 = /dev/nrawqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
670 37 = /dev/nrawqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
671 38 = /dev/nrawqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
672 39 = /dev/nrawqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
673 27 block Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
674 0 = /dev/sbpcd8 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
675 1 = /dev/sbpcd9 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
676 2 = /dev/sbpcd10 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
677 3 = /dev/sbpcd11 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3
678
679 28 char Stallion serial card - card programming
680 0 = /dev/staliomem0 First Stallion card I/O memory
681 1 = /dev/staliomem1 Second Stallion card I/O memory
682 2 = /dev/staliomem2 Third Stallion card I/O memory
683 3 = /dev/staliomem3 Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
684 28 char Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
685 0 = /dev/slm0 First SLM laser printer
686 1 = /dev/slm1 Second SLM laser printer
687 ...
688 28 block Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
689 0 = /dev/sbpcd12 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0
690 1 = /dev/sbpcd13 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
691 2 = /dev/sbpcd14 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
692 3 = /dev/sbpcd15 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
693 28 block ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
694 0 = /dev/ada First ACSI disk whole disk
695 16 = /dev/adb Second ACSI disk whole disk
696 32 = /dev/adc Third ACSI disk whole disk
697 ...
698 240 = /dev/adp 16th ACSI disk whole disk
699
700 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
701 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
702 partitions is 15, like SCSI.
703
704 29 char Universal frame buffer
705 0 = /dev/fb0 First frame buffer
706 1 = /dev/fb1 Second frame buffer
707 ...
708 31 = /dev/fb31 32nd frame buffer
709
710 29 block Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
711 0 = /dev/aztcd Aztech CD-ROM
712
713 30 char iBCS-2 compatibility devices
714 0 = /dev/socksys Socket access
715 1 = /dev/spx SVR3 local X interface
716 32 = /dev/inet/ip Network access
717 33 = /dev/inet/icmp
718 34 = /dev/inet/ggp
719 35 = /dev/inet/ipip
720 36 = /dev/inet/tcp
721 37 = /dev/inet/egp
722 38 = /dev/inet/pup
723 39 = /dev/inet/udp
724 40 = /dev/inet/idp
725 41 = /dev/inet/rawip
726
727 Additionally, iBCS-2 requires the following links:
728
729 /dev/ip -> /dev/inet/ip
730 /dev/icmp -> /dev/inet/icmp
731 /dev/ggp -> /dev/inet/ggp
732 /dev/ipip -> /dev/inet/ipip
733 /dev/tcp -> /dev/inet/tcp
734 /dev/egp -> /dev/inet/egp
735 /dev/pup -> /dev/inet/pup
736 /dev/udp -> /dev/inet/udp
737 /dev/idp -> /dev/inet/idp
738 /dev/rawip -> /dev/inet/rawip
739 /dev/inet/arp -> /dev/inet/udp
740 /dev/inet/rip -> /dev/inet/udp
741 /dev/nfsd -> /dev/socksys
742 /dev/X0R -> /dev/null (? apparently not required ?)
743
744 30 block Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
745 0 = /dev/cm205cd Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
746
747 /dev/lmscd is an older name for this device. This
748 driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.
749
750 31 char MPU-401 MIDI
751 0 = /dev/mpu401data MPU-401 data port
752 1 = /dev/mpu401stat MPU-401 status port
753 31 block ROM/flash memory card
754 0 = /dev/rom0 First ROM card (rw)
755 ...
756 7 = /dev/rom7 Eighth ROM card (rw)
757 8 = /dev/rrom0 First ROM card (ro)
758 ...
759 15 = /dev/rrom7 Eighth ROM card (ro)
760 16 = /dev/flash0 First flash memory card (rw)
761 ...
762 23 = /dev/flash7 Eighth flash memory card (rw)
763 24 = /dev/rflash0 First flash memory card (ro)
764 ...
765 31 = /dev/rflash7 Eighth flash memory card (ro)
766
767 The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
768 written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
769 devices. The read-only devices (ro) support reading
770 only.
771
772 32 char Specialix serial card
773 0 = /dev/ttyX0 First Specialix port
774 1 = /dev/ttyX1 Second Specialix port
775 ...
776 32 block Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
777 0 = /dev/cm206cd Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
778
779 33 char Specialix serial card - alternate devices
780 0 = /dev/cux0 Callout device for ttyX0
781 1 = /dev/cux1 Callout device for ttyX1
782 ...
783 33 block Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
784 0 = /dev/hde Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
785 64 = /dev/hdf Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
786
787 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
788 interface (see major number 3).
789
790 34 char Z8530 HDLC driver
791 0 = /dev/scc0 First Z8530, first port
792 1 = /dev/scc1 First Z8530, second port
793 2 = /dev/scc2 Second Z8530, first port
794 3 = /dev/scc3 Second Z8530, second port
795 ...
796
797 In a previous version these devices were named
798 /dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
799 on.
800
801 34 block Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
802 0 = /dev/hdg Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
803 64 = /dev/hdh Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
804
805 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
806 interface (see major number 3).
807
808 35 char tclmidi MIDI driver
809 0 = /dev/midi0 First MIDI port, kernel timed
810 1 = /dev/midi1 Second MIDI port, kernel timed
811 2 = /dev/midi2 Third MIDI port, kernel timed
812 3 = /dev/midi3 Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
813 64 = /dev/rmidi0 First MIDI port, untimed
814 65 = /dev/rmidi1 Second MIDI port, untimed
815 66 = /dev/rmidi2 Third MIDI port, untimed
816 67 = /dev/rmidi3 Fourth MIDI port, untimed
817 128 = /dev/smpte0 First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
818 129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
819 130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
820 131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
821 35 block Slow memory ramdisk
822 0 = /dev/slram Slow memory ramdisk
823
824 36 char Netlink support
825 0 = /dev/route Routing, device updates, kernel to user
826 1 = /dev/skip enSKIP security cache control
827 3 = /dev/fwmonitor Firewall packet copies
828 16 = /dev/tap0 First Ethertap device
829 ...
830 31 = /dev/tap15 16th Ethertap device
831 36 block MCA ESDI hard disk
832 0 = /dev/eda First ESDI disk whole disk
833 64 = /dev/edb Second ESDI disk whole disk
834 ...
835
836 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
837 (see major number 3).
838
839 37 char IDE tape
840 0 = /dev/ht0 First IDE tape
841 1 = /dev/ht1 Second IDE tape
842 ...
843 128 = /dev/nht0 First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
844 129 = /dev/nht1 Second IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
845 ...
846
847 Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.
848
849 37 block Zorro II ramdisk
850 0 = /dev/z2ram Zorro II ramdisk
851
852 38 char Myricom PCI Myrinet board
853 0 = /dev/mlanai0 First Myrinet board
854 1 = /dev/mlanai1 Second Myrinet board
855 ...
856
857 This device is used for status query, board control
858 and "user level packet I/O." This board is also
859 accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.
860
861 38 block Reserved for Linux/AP+
862
863 39 char ML-16P experimental I/O board
864 0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0 First card, first analog channel
865 1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1 First card, second analog channel
866 ...
867 15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15 First card, 16th analog channel
868 16 = /dev/ml16pa-d First card, digital lines
869 17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0 First card, first counter/timer
870 18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1 First card, second counter/timer
871 19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2 First card, third counter/timer
872 32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0 Second card, first analog channel
873 33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1 Second card, second analog channel
874 ...
875 47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15 Second card, 16th analog channel
876 48 = /dev/ml16pb-d Second card, digital lines
877 49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0 Second card, first counter/timer
878 50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1 Second card, second counter/timer
879 51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2 Second card, third counter/timer
880 ...
881 39 block Reserved for Linux/AP+
882
883 40 char Matrox Meteor frame grabber {2.6}
884 0 = /dev/mmetfgrab Matrox Meteor frame grabber
885 40 block Syquest EZ135 parallel port removable drive
886 0 = /dev/eza Parallel EZ135 drive, whole disk
887
888 This device is obsolete and will be removed in a
889 future version of Linux. It has been replaced with
890 the parallel port IDE disk driver at major number 45.
891 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
892 (see major number 3).
893
894 41 char Yet Another Micro Monitor
895 0 = /dev/yamm Yet Another Micro Monitor
896 41 block MicroSolutions BackPack parallel port CD-ROM
897 0 = /dev/bpcd BackPack CD-ROM
898
899 This device is obsolete and will be removed in a
900 future version of Linux. It has been replaced with
901 the parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM driver at major number 46.
902
903 42 char Demo/sample use
904 42 block Demo/sample use
905
906 This number is intended for use in sample code, as
907 well as a general "example" device number. It
908 should never be used for a device driver that is being
909 distributed; either obtain an official number or use
910 the local/experimental range. The sudden addition or
911 removal of a driver with this number should not cause
912 ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)
913
914 IN PARTICULAR, ANY DISTRIBUTION WHICH CONTAINS A
915 DEVICE DRIVER USING MAJOR NUMBER 42 IS NONCOMPLIANT.
916
917 43 char isdn4linux virtual modem
918 0 = /dev/ttyI0 First virtual modem
919 ...
920 63 = /dev/ttyI63 64th virtual modem
921 43 block Network block devices
922 0 = /dev/nb0 First network block device
923 1 = /dev/nb1 Second network block device
924 ...
925
926 Network Block Device is somehow similar to loopback
927 devices: If you read from it, it sends packet across
928 network asking server for data. If you write to it, it
929 sends packet telling server to write. It could be used
930 to mounting filesystems over the net, swapping over
931 the net, implementing block device in userland etc.
932
933 44 char isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
934 0 = /dev/cui0 Callout device for ttyI0
935 ...
936 63 = /dev/cui63 Callout device for ttyI63
937 44 block Flash Translation Layer (FTL) filesystems
938 0 = /dev/ftla FTL on first Memory Technology Device
939 16 = /dev/ftlb FTL on second Memory Technology Device
940 32 = /dev/ftlc FTL on third Memory Technology Device
941 ...
942 240 = /dev/ftlp FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
943
944 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -0700945 disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700946 limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)
947
948 45 char isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
949 0 = /dev/isdn0 First virtual B channel raw data
950 ...
951 63 = /dev/isdn63 64th virtual B channel raw data
952 64 = /dev/isdnctrl0 First channel control/debug
953 ...
954 127 = /dev/isdnctrl63 64th channel control/debug
955
956 128 = /dev/ippp0 First SyncPPP device
957 ...
958 191 = /dev/ippp63 64th SyncPPP device
959
960 255 = /dev/isdninfo ISDN monitor interface
961 45 block Parallel port IDE disk devices
962 0 = /dev/pda First parallel port IDE disk
963 16 = /dev/pdb Second parallel port IDE disk
964 32 = /dev/pdc Third parallel port IDE disk
965 48 = /dev/pdd Fourth parallel port IDE disk
966
967 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
968 disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
969 limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk.
970
971 46 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card
972 0 = /dev/ttyR0 First Rocketport port
973 1 = /dev/ttyR1 Second Rocketport port
974 ...
975 46 block Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM devices
976 0 = /dev/pcd0 First parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
977 1 = /dev/pcd1 Second parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
978 2 = /dev/pcd2 Third parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
979 3 = /dev/pcd3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
980
981 47 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
982 0 = /dev/cur0 Callout device for ttyR0
983 1 = /dev/cur1 Callout device for ttyR1
984 ...
985 47 block Parallel port ATAPI disk devices
986 0 = /dev/pf0 First parallel port ATAPI disk
987 1 = /dev/pf1 Second parallel port ATAPI disk
988 2 = /dev/pf2 Third parallel port ATAPI disk
989 3 = /dev/pf3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI disk
990
991 This driver is intended for floppy disks and similar
992 devices and hence does not support partitioning.
993
994 48 char SDL RISCom serial card
995 0 = /dev/ttyL0 First RISCom port
996 1 = /dev/ttyL1 Second RISCom port
997 ...
998 48 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; first controller
999 0 = /dev/rd/c0d0 First disk, whole disk
1000 8 = /dev/rd/c0d1 Second disk, whole disk
1001 ...
1002 248 = /dev/rd/c0d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1003
1004 For partitions add:
1005 0 = /dev/rd/c?d? Whole disk
1006 1 = /dev/rd/c?d?p1 First partition
1007 ...
1008 7 = /dev/rd/c?d?p7 Seventh partition
1009
1010 49 char SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
1011 0 = /dev/cul0 Callout device for ttyL0
1012 1 = /dev/cul1 Callout device for ttyL1
1013 ...
1014 49 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; second controller
1015 0 = /dev/rd/c1d0 First disk, whole disk
1016 8 = /dev/rd/c1d1 Second disk, whole disk
1017 ...
1018 248 = /dev/rd/c1d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1019
1020 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1021
1022 50 char Reserved for GLINT
1023
1024 50 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; third controller
1025 0 = /dev/rd/c2d0 First disk, whole disk
1026 8 = /dev/rd/c2d1 Second disk, whole disk
1027 ...
1028 248 = /dev/rd/c2d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1029
1030 51 char Baycom radio modem OR Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem
1031 0 = /dev/bc0 First Baycom radio modem
1032 1 = /dev/bc1 Second Baycom radio modem
1033 ...
1034 51 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourth controller
1035 0 = /dev/rd/c3d0 First disk, whole disk
1036 8 = /dev/rd/c3d1 Second disk, whole disk
1037 ...
1038 248 = /dev/rd/c3d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1039
1040 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1041
1042 52 char Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
1043 0 = /dev/dcbri0 First DataComm card
1044 1 = /dev/dcbri1 Second DataComm card
1045 2 = /dev/dcbri2 Third DataComm card
1046 3 = /dev/dcbri3 Fourth DataComm card
1047 52 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller
1048 0 = /dev/rd/c4d0 First disk, whole disk
1049 8 = /dev/rd/c4d1 Second disk, whole disk
1050 ...
1051 248 = /dev/rd/c4d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1052
1053 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1054
1055 53 char BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
1056 0 = /dev/pd_bdm0 PD BDM interface on lp0
1057 1 = /dev/pd_bdm1 PD BDM interface on lp1
1058 2 = /dev/pd_bdm2 PD BDM interface on lp2
1059 4 = /dev/icd_bdm0 ICD BDM interface on lp0
1060 5 = /dev/icd_bdm1 ICD BDM interface on lp1
1061 6 = /dev/icd_bdm2 ICD BDM interface on lp2
1062
1063 This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
1064 microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
1065 Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
1066 Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
1067 by P&E.
1068
1069 53 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixth controller
1070 0 = /dev/rd/c5d0 First disk, whole disk
1071 8 = /dev/rd/c5d1 Second disk, whole disk
1072 ...
1073 248 = /dev/rd/c5d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1074
1075 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1076
1077 54 char Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
1078 0 = /dev/holter0 First Holter port
1079 1 = /dev/holter1 Second Holter port
1080 2 = /dev/holter2 Third Holter port
1081
1082 A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
1083 <mseritan@ottonel.pub.ro> to transfer data from Holter
1084 24-hour heart monitoring equipment.
1085
1086 54 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; seventh controller
1087 0 = /dev/rd/c6d0 First disk, whole disk
1088 8 = /dev/rd/c6d1 Second disk, whole disk
1089 ...
1090 248 = /dev/rd/c6d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1091
1092 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1093
1094 55 char DSP56001 digital signal processor
1095 0 = /dev/dsp56k First DSP56001
1096 55 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eigth controller
1097 0 = /dev/rd/c7d0 First disk, whole disk
1098 8 = /dev/rd/c7d1 Second disk, whole disk
1099 ...
1100 248 = /dev/rd/c7d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1101
1102 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1103
1104 56 char Apple Desktop Bus
1105 0 = /dev/adb ADB bus control
1106
1107 Additional devices will be added to this number, all
1108 starting with /dev/adb.
1109
1110 56 block Fifth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1111 0 = /dev/hdi Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1112 64 = /dev/hdj Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1113
1114 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1115 interface (see major number 3).
1116
1117 57 char Hayes ESP serial card
1118 0 = /dev/ttyP0 First ESP port
1119 1 = /dev/ttyP1 Second ESP port
1120 ...
1121
1122 57 block Sixth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1123 0 = /dev/hdk Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1124 64 = /dev/hdl Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1125
1126 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1127 interface (see major number 3).
1128
1129 58 char Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices
1130 0 = /dev/cup0 Callout device for ttyP0
1131 1 = /dev/cup1 Callout device for ttyP1
1132 ...
1133 58 block Reserved for logical volume manager
1134
1135 59 char sf firewall package
1136 0 = /dev/firewall Communication with sf kernel module
1137
1138 59 block Generic PDA filesystem device
1139 0 = /dev/pda0 First PDA device
1140 1 = /dev/pda1 Second PDA device
1141 ...
1142
1143 The pda devices are used to mount filesystems on
1144 remote pda's (basically slow handheld machines with
1145 proprietary OS's and limited memory and storage
1146 running small fs translation drivers) through serial /
1147 IRDA / parallel links.
1148
1149 NAMING CONFLICT -- PROPOSED REVISED NAME /dev/rpda0 etc
1150
1151 60-63 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1152 60-63 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1153 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
1154 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
1155 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
1156
1157 64 char ENskip kernel encryption package
1158 0 = /dev/enskip Communication with ENskip kernel module
1159
1160 64 block Scramdisk/DriveCrypt encrypted devices
1161 0 = /dev/scramdisk/master Master node for ioctls
1162 1 = /dev/scramdisk/1 First encrypted device
1163 2 = /dev/scramdisk/2 Second encrypted device
1164 ...
1165 255 = /dev/scramdisk/255 255th encrypted device
1166
1167 The filename of the encrypted container and the passwords
1168 are sent via ioctls (using the sdmount tool) to the master
1169 node which then activates them via one of the
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -07001170 /dev/scramdisk/x nodes for loop mounting (all handled
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07001171 through the sdmount tool).
1172
1173 Requested by: andy@scramdisklinux.org
1174
1175 65 char Sundance "plink" Transputer boards (obsolete, unused)
1176 0 = /dev/plink0 First plink device
1177 1 = /dev/plink1 Second plink device
1178 2 = /dev/plink2 Third plink device
1179 3 = /dev/plink3 Fourth plink device
1180 64 = /dev/rplink0 First plink device, raw
1181 65 = /dev/rplink1 Second plink device, raw
1182 66 = /dev/rplink2 Third plink device, raw
1183 67 = /dev/rplink3 Fourth plink device, raw
1184 128 = /dev/plink0d First plink device, debug
1185 129 = /dev/plink1d Second plink device, debug
1186 130 = /dev/plink2d Third plink device, debug
1187 131 = /dev/plink3d Fourth plink device, debug
1188 192 = /dev/rplink0d First plink device, raw, debug
1189 193 = /dev/rplink1d Second plink device, raw, debug
1190 194 = /dev/rplink2d Third plink device, raw, debug
1191 195 = /dev/rplink3d Fourth plink device, raw, debug
1192
1193 This is a commercial driver; contact James Howes
1194 <jth@prosig.demon.co.uk> for information.
1195
1196 65 block SCSI disk devices (16-31)
1197 0 = /dev/sdq 17th SCSI disk whole disk
1198 16 = /dev/sdr 18th SCSI disk whole disk
1199 32 = /dev/sds 19th SCSI disk whole disk
1200 ...
1201 240 = /dev/sdaf 32nd SCSI disk whole disk
1202
1203 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1204 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1205 partitions is 15.
1206
1207 66 char YARC PowerPC PCI coprocessor card
1208 0 = /dev/yppcpci0 First YARC card
1209 1 = /dev/yppcpci1 Second YARC card
1210 ...
1211
1212 66 block SCSI disk devices (32-47)
1213 0 = /dev/sdag 33th SCSI disk whole disk
1214 16 = /dev/sdah 34th SCSI disk whole disk
1215 32 = /dev/sdai 35th SCSI disk whole disk
1216 ...
1217 240 = /dev/sdav 48nd SCSI disk whole disk
1218
1219 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1220 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1221 partitions is 15.
1222
1223 67 char Coda network file system
1224 0 = /dev/cfs0 Coda cache manager
1225
1226 See http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu for information about Coda.
1227
1228 67 block SCSI disk devices (48-63)
1229 0 = /dev/sdaw 49th SCSI disk whole disk
1230 16 = /dev/sdax 50th SCSI disk whole disk
1231 32 = /dev/sday 51st SCSI disk whole disk
1232 ...
1233 240 = /dev/sdbl 64th SCSI disk whole disk
1234
1235 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1236 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1237 partitions is 15.
1238
1239 68 char CAPI 2.0 interface
1240 0 = /dev/capi20 Control device
1241 1 = /dev/capi20.00 First CAPI 2.0 application
1242 2 = /dev/capi20.01 Second CAPI 2.0 application
1243 ...
1244 20 = /dev/capi20.19 19th CAPI 2.0 application
1245
1246 ISDN CAPI 2.0 driver for use with CAPI 2.0
1247 applications; currently supports the AVM B1 card.
1248
1249 68 block SCSI disk devices (64-79)
1250 0 = /dev/sdbm 65th SCSI disk whole disk
1251 16 = /dev/sdbn 66th SCSI disk whole disk
1252 32 = /dev/sdbo 67th SCSI disk whole disk
1253 ...
1254 240 = /dev/sdcb 80th SCSI disk whole disk
1255
1256 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1257 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1258 partitions is 15.
1259
1260 69 char MA16 numeric accelerator card
1261 0 = /dev/ma16 Board memory access
1262
1263 69 block SCSI disk devices (80-95)
1264 0 = /dev/sdcc 81st SCSI disk whole disk
1265 16 = /dev/sdcd 82nd SCSI disk whole disk
1266 32 = /dev/sdce 83th SCSI disk whole disk
1267 ...
1268 240 = /dev/sdcr 96th SCSI disk whole disk
1269
1270 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1271 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1272 partitions is 15.
1273
1274 70 char SpellCaster Protocol Services Interface
1275 0 = /dev/apscfg Configuration interface
1276 1 = /dev/apsauth Authentication interface
1277 2 = /dev/apslog Logging interface
1278 3 = /dev/apsdbg Debugging interface
1279 64 = /dev/apsisdn ISDN command interface
1280 65 = /dev/apsasync Async command interface
1281 128 = /dev/apsmon Monitor interface
1282
1283 70 block SCSI disk devices (96-111)
1284 0 = /dev/sdcs 97th SCSI disk whole disk
1285 16 = /dev/sdct 98th SCSI disk whole disk
1286 32 = /dev/sdcu 99th SCSI disk whole disk
1287 ...
1288 240 = /dev/sddh 112nd SCSI disk whole disk
1289
1290 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1291 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1292 partitions is 15.
1293
1294 71 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card
1295 0 = /dev/ttyF0 IntelliPort II board 0, port 0
1296 1 = /dev/ttyF1 IntelliPort II board 0, port 1
1297 ...
1298 63 = /dev/ttyF63 IntelliPort II board 0, port 63
1299 64 = /dev/ttyF64 IntelliPort II board 1, port 0
1300 65 = /dev/ttyF65 IntelliPort II board 1, port 1
1301 ...
1302 127 = /dev/ttyF127 IntelliPort II board 1, port 63
1303 128 = /dev/ttyF128 IntelliPort II board 2, port 0
1304 129 = /dev/ttyF129 IntelliPort II board 2, port 1
1305 ...
1306 191 = /dev/ttyF191 IntelliPort II board 2, port 63
1307 192 = /dev/ttyF192 IntelliPort II board 3, port 0
1308 193 = /dev/ttyF193 IntelliPort II board 3, port 1
1309 ...
1310 255 = /dev/ttyF255 IntelliPort II board 3, port 63
1311
1312 71 block SCSI disk devices (112-127)
1313 0 = /dev/sddi 113th SCSI disk whole disk
1314 16 = /dev/sddj 114th SCSI disk whole disk
1315 32 = /dev/sddk 115th SCSI disk whole disk
1316 ...
1317 240 = /dev/sddx 128th SCSI disk whole disk
1318
1319 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1320 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1321 partitions is 15.
1322
1323 72 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - alternate devices
1324 0 = /dev/cuf0 Callout device for ttyF0
1325 1 = /dev/cuf1 Callout device for ttyF1
1326 ...
1327 63 = /dev/cuf63 Callout device for ttyF63
1328 64 = /dev/cuf64 Callout device for ttyF64
1329 65 = /dev/cuf65 Callout device for ttyF65
1330 ...
1331 127 = /dev/cuf127 Callout device for ttyF127
1332 128 = /dev/cuf128 Callout device for ttyF128
1333 129 = /dev/cuf129 Callout device for ttyF129
1334 ...
1335 191 = /dev/cuf191 Callout device for ttyF191
1336 192 = /dev/cuf192 Callout device for ttyF192
1337 193 = /dev/cuf193 Callout device for ttyF193
1338 ...
1339 255 = /dev/cuf255 Callout device for ttyF255
1340
1341 72 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, first controller
1342 0 = /dev/ida/c0d0 First logical drive whole disk
1343 16 = /dev/ida/c0d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1344 ...
1345 240 = /dev/ida/c0d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1346
1347 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1348 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1349 partitions is 15.
1350
1351 73 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - control devices
1352 0 = /dev/ip2ipl0 Loadware device for board 0
1353 1 = /dev/ip2stat0 Status device for board 0
1354 4 = /dev/ip2ipl1 Loadware device for board 1
1355 5 = /dev/ip2stat1 Status device for board 1
1356 8 = /dev/ip2ipl2 Loadware device for board 2
1357 9 = /dev/ip2stat2 Status device for board 2
1358 12 = /dev/ip2ipl3 Loadware device for board 3
1359 13 = /dev/ip2stat3 Status device for board 3
1360
1361 73 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, second controller
1362 0 = /dev/ida/c1d0 First logical drive whole disk
1363 16 = /dev/ida/c1d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1364 ...
1365 240 = /dev/ida/c1d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1366
1367 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1368 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1369 partitions is 15.
1370
1371 74 char SCI bridge
1372 0 = /dev/SCI/0 SCI device 0
1373 1 = /dev/SCI/1 SCI device 1
1374 ...
1375
1376 Currently for Dolphin Interconnect Solutions' PCI-SCI
1377 bridge.
1378
1379 74 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, third controller
1380 0 = /dev/ida/c2d0 First logical drive whole disk
1381 16 = /dev/ida/c2d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1382 ...
1383 240 = /dev/ida/c2d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1384
1385 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1386 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1387 partitions is 15.
1388
1389 75 char Specialix IO8+ serial card
1390 0 = /dev/ttyW0 First IO8+ port, first card
1391 1 = /dev/ttyW1 Second IO8+ port, first card
1392 ...
1393 8 = /dev/ttyW8 First IO8+ port, second card
1394 ...
1395
1396 75 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fourth controller
1397 0 = /dev/ida/c3d0 First logical drive whole disk
1398 16 = /dev/ida/c3d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1399 ...
1400 240 = /dev/ida/c3d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1401
1402 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1403 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1404 partitions is 15.
1405
1406 76 char Specialix IO8+ serial card - alternate devices
1407 0 = /dev/cuw0 Callout device for ttyW0
1408 1 = /dev/cuw1 Callout device for ttyW1
1409 ...
1410 8 = /dev/cuw8 Callout device for ttyW8
1411 ...
1412
1413 76 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fifth controller
1414 0 = /dev/ida/c4d0 First logical drive whole disk
1415 16 = /dev/ida/c4d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1416 ...
1417 240 = /dev/ida/c4d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1418
1419 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1420 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1421 partitions is 15.
1422
1423
1424 77 char ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1425 0 = /dev/qng ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1426
1427 77 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, sixth controller
1428 0 = /dev/ida/c5d0 First logical drive whole disk
1429 16 = /dev/ida/c5d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1430 ...
1431 240 = /dev/ida/c5d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1432
1433 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1434 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1435 partitions is 15.
1436
1437
1438 78 char PAM Software's multimodem boards
1439 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First PAM modem
1440 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second PAM modem
1441 ...
1442
1443 78 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, seventh controller
1444 0 = /dev/ida/c6d0 First logical drive whole disk
1445 16 = /dev/ida/c6d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1446 ...
1447 240 = /dev/ida/c6d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1448
1449 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1450 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1451 partitions is 15.
1452
1453
1454 79 char PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices
1455 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1456 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
1457 ...
1458
1459 79 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eigth controller
1460 0 = /dev/ida/c7d0 First logical drive whole disk
1461 16 = /dev/ida/c7d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1462 ...
1463 240 = /dev/ida/c715 16th logical drive whole disk
1464
1465 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1466 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1467 partitions is 15.
1468
1469
1470 80 char Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1471 0 = /dev/at200 Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1472
1473 80 block I2O hard disk
1474 0 = /dev/i2o/hda First I2O hard disk, whole disk
1475 16 = /dev/i2o/hdb Second I2O hard disk, whole disk
1476 ...
1477 240 = /dev/i2o/hdp 16th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1478
1479 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1480 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1481 partitions is 15.
1482
1483 81 char video4linux
1484 0 = /dev/video0 Video capture/overlay device
1485 ...
1486 63 = /dev/video63 Video capture/overlay device
1487 64 = /dev/radio0 Radio device
1488 ...
1489 127 = /dev/radio63 Radio device
1490 192 = /dev/vtx0 Teletext device
1491 ...
1492 223 = /dev/vtx31 Teletext device
1493 224 = /dev/vbi0 Vertical blank interrupt
1494 ...
1495 255 = /dev/vbi31 Vertical blank interrupt
1496
1497 81 block I2O hard disk
1498 0 = /dev/i2o/hdq 17th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1499 16 = /dev/i2o/hdr 18th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1500 ...
1501 240 = /dev/i2o/hdaf 32nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1502
1503 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1504 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1505 partitions is 15.
1506
1507 82 char WiNRADiO communications receiver card
1508 0 = /dev/winradio0 First WiNRADiO card
1509 1 = /dev/winradio1 Second WiNRADiO card
1510 ...
1511
1512 The driver and documentation may be obtained from
1513 http://www.proximity.com.au/~brian/winradio/
1514
1515 82 block I2O hard disk
1516 0 = /dev/i2o/hdag 33rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1517 16 = /dev/i2o/hdah 34th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1518 ...
1519 240 = /dev/i2o/hdav 48th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1520
1521 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1522 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1523 partitions is 15.
1524
1525 83 char Matrox mga_vid video driver
1526 0 = /dev/mga_vid0 1st video card
1527 1 = /dev/mga_vid1 2nd video card
1528 2 = /dev/mga_vid2 3rd video card
1529 ...
1530 15 = /dev/mga_vid15 16th video card
1531
1532 83 block I2O hard disk
1533 0 = /dev/i2o/hdaw 49th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1534 16 = /dev/i2o/hdax 50th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1535 ...
1536 240 = /dev/i2o/hdbl 64th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1537
1538 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1539 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1540 partitions is 15.
1541
1542 84 char Ikon 1011[57] Versatec Greensheet Interface
1543 0 = /dev/ihcp0 First Greensheet port
1544 1 = /dev/ihcp1 Second Greensheet port
1545
1546 84 block I2O hard disk
1547 0 = /dev/i2o/hdbm 65th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1548 16 = /dev/i2o/hdbn 66th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1549 ...
1550 240 = /dev/i2o/hdcb 80th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1551
1552 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1553 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1554 partitions is 15.
1555
1556 85 char Linux/SGI shared memory input queue
1557 0 = /dev/shmiq Master shared input queue
1558 1 = /dev/qcntl0 First device pushed
1559 2 = /dev/qcntl1 Second device pushed
1560 ...
1561
1562 85 block I2O hard disk
1563 0 = /dev/i2o/hdcc 81st I2O hard disk, whole disk
1564 16 = /dev/i2o/hdcd 82nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1565 ...
1566 240 = /dev/i2o/hdcr 96th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1567
1568 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1569 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1570 partitions is 15.
1571
1572 86 char SCSI media changer
1573 0 = /dev/sch0 First SCSI media changer
1574 1 = /dev/sch1 Second SCSI media changer
1575 ...
1576
1577 86 block I2O hard disk
1578 0 = /dev/i2o/hdcs 97th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1579 16 = /dev/i2o/hdct 98th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1580 ...
1581 240 = /dev/i2o/hddh 112th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1582
1583 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1584 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1585 partitions is 15.
1586
1587 87 char Sony Control-A1 stereo control bus
1588 0 = /dev/controla0 First device on chain
1589 1 = /dev/controla1 Second device on chain
1590 ...
1591
1592 87 block I2O hard disk
1593 0 = /dev/i2o/hddi 113rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1594 16 = /dev/i2o/hddj 114th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1595 ...
1596 240 = /dev/i2o/hddx 128th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1597
1598 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1599 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1600 partitions is 15.
1601
1602 88 char COMX synchronous serial card
1603 0 = /dev/comx0 COMX channel 0
1604 1 = /dev/comx1 COMX channel 1
1605 ...
1606
1607 88 block Seventh IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1608 0 = /dev/hdm Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1609 64 = /dev/hdn Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1610
1611 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1612 interface (see major number 3).
1613
1614 89 char I2C bus interface
1615 0 = /dev/i2c-0 First I2C adapter
1616 1 = /dev/i2c-1 Second I2C adapter
1617 ...
1618
1619 89 block Eighth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1620 0 = /dev/hdo Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1621 64 = /dev/hdp Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1622
1623 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1624 interface (see major number 3).
1625
1626 90 char Memory Technology Device (RAM, ROM, Flash)
1627 0 = /dev/mtd0 First MTD (rw)
1628 1 = /dev/mtdr0 First MTD (ro)
1629 ...
1630 30 = /dev/mtd15 16th MTD (rw)
1631 31 = /dev/mtdr15 16th MTD (ro)
1632
1633 90 block Ninth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1634 0 = /dev/hdq Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1635 64 = /dev/hdr Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1636
1637 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1638 interface (see major number 3).
1639
1640 91 char CAN-Bus devices
1641 0 = /dev/can0 First CAN-Bus controller
1642 1 = /dev/can1 Second CAN-Bus controller
1643 ...
1644
1645 91 block Tenth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1646 0 = /dev/hds Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1647 64 = /dev/hdt Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1648
1649 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1650 interface (see major number 3).
1651
1652 92 char Reserved for ith Kommunikationstechnik MIC ISDN card
1653
1654 92 block PPDD encrypted disk driver
1655 0 = /dev/ppdd0 First encrypted disk
1656 1 = /dev/ppdd1 Second encrypted disk
1657 ...
1658
1659 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1660 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1661 partitions is 15.
1662
1663 93 char IBM Smart Capture Card frame grabber {2.6}
1664 0 = /dev/iscc0 First Smart Capture Card
1665 1 = /dev/iscc1 Second Smart Capture Card
1666 ...
1667 128 = /dev/isccctl0 First Smart Capture Card control
1668 129 = /dev/isccctl1 Second Smart Capture Card control
1669 ...
1670
1671 93 block NAND Flash Translation Layer filesystem
1672 0 = /dev/nftla First NFTL layer
1673 16 = /dev/nftlb Second NFTL layer
1674 ...
1675 240 = /dev/nftlp 16th NTFL layer
1676
1677 94 char miroVIDEO DC10/30 capture/playback device {2.6}
1678 0 = /dev/dcxx0 First capture card
1679 1 = /dev/dcxx1 Second capture card
1680 ...
1681
1682 94 block IBM S/390 DASD block storage
1683 0 = /dev/dasda First DASD device, major
1684 1 = /dev/dasda1 First DASD device, block 1
1685 2 = /dev/dasda2 First DASD device, block 2
1686 3 = /dev/dasda3 First DASD device, block 3
1687 4 = /dev/dasdb Second DASD device, major
1688 5 = /dev/dasdb1 Second DASD device, block 1
1689 6 = /dev/dasdb2 Second DASD device, block 2
1690 7 = /dev/dasdb3 Second DASD device, block 3
1691 ...
1692
1693 95 char IP filter
1694 0 = /dev/ipl Filter control device/log file
1695 1 = /dev/ipnat NAT control device/log file
1696 2 = /dev/ipstate State information log file
1697 3 = /dev/ipauth Authentication control device/log file
1698 ...
1699
1700 96 char Parallel port ATAPI tape devices
1701 0 = /dev/pt0 First parallel port ATAPI tape
1702 1 = /dev/pt1 Second parallel port ATAPI tape
1703 ...
1704 128 = /dev/npt0 First p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1705 129 = /dev/npt1 Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1706 ...
1707
1708 96 block Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer
1709 0 = /dev/inftla First INFTL layer
1710 16 = /dev/inftlb Second INFTL layer
1711 ...
1712 240 = /dev/inftlp 16th INTFL layer
1713
1714 97 char Parallel port generic ATAPI interface
1715 0 = /dev/pg0 First parallel port ATAPI device
1716 1 = /dev/pg1 Second parallel port ATAPI device
1717 2 = /dev/pg2 Third parallel port ATAPI device
1718 3 = /dev/pg3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI device
1719
1720 These devices support the same API as the generic SCSI
1721 devices.
1722
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07001723 98 char Control and Measurement Device (comedi)
1724 0 = /dev/comedi0 First comedi device
1725 1 = /dev/comedi1 Second comedi device
1726 ...
1727
1728 See http://stm.lbl.gov/comedi or http://www.llp.fu-berlin.de/.
1729
1730 98 block User-mode virtual block device
1731 0 = /dev/ubda First user-mode block device
1732 16 = /dev/udbb Second user-mode block device
1733 ...
1734
1735 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1736 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1737 partitions is 15.
1738
1739 This device is used by the user-mode virtual kernel port.
1740
1741 99 char Raw parallel ports
1742 0 = /dev/parport0 First parallel port
1743 1 = /dev/parport1 Second parallel port
1744 ...
1745
1746 99 block JavaStation flash disk
1747 0 = /dev/jsfd JavaStation flash disk
1748
1749100 char Telephony for Linux
1750 0 = /dev/phone0 First telephony device
1751 1 = /dev/phone1 Second telephony device
1752 ...
1753
1754101 char Motorola DSP 56xxx board
1755 0 = /dev/mdspstat Status information
1756 1 = /dev/mdsp1 First DSP board I/O controls
1757 ...
1758 16 = /dev/mdsp16 16th DSP board I/O controls
1759
1760101 block AMI HyperDisk RAID controller
1761 0 = /dev/amiraid/ar0 First array whole disk
1762 16 = /dev/amiraid/ar1 Second array whole disk
1763 ...
1764 240 = /dev/amiraid/ar15 16th array whole disk
1765
1766 For each device, partitions are added as:
1767 0 = /dev/amiraid/ar? Whole disk
1768 1 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p1 First partition
1769 2 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p2 Second partition
1770 ...
1771 15 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p15 15th partition
1772
1773102 char Philips SAA5249 Teletext signal decoder {2.6}
1774 0 = /dev/tlk0 First Teletext decoder
1775 1 = /dev/tlk1 Second Teletext decoder
1776 2 = /dev/tlk2 Third Teletext decoder
1777 3 = /dev/tlk3 Fourth Teletext decoder
1778
1779102 block Compressed block device
1780 0 = /dev/cbd/a First compressed block device, whole device
1781 16 = /dev/cbd/b Second compressed block device, whole device
1782 ...
1783 240 = /dev/cbd/p 16th compressed block device, whole device
1784
1785 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1786 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1787 partitions is 15.
1788
1789103 char Arla network file system
1790 0 = /dev/nnpfs0 First NNPFS device
1791 1 = /dev/nnpfs1 Second NNPFS device
1792
1793 Arla is a free clone of the Andrew File System, AFS.
1794 The NNPFS device gives user mode filesystem
1795 implementations a kernel presence for caching and easy
1796 mounting. For more information about the project,
1797 write to <arla-drinkers@stacken.kth.se> or see
1798 http://www.stacken.kth.se/project/arla/
1799
1800103 block Audit device
1801 0 = /dev/audit Audit device
1802
1803104 char Flash BIOS support
1804
1805104 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, first controller
1806 0 = /dev/cciss/c0d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1807 16 = /dev/cciss/c0d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1808 ...
1809 240 = /dev/cciss/c0d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1810
1811 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1812 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1813 partitions is 15.
1814
1815105 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller
1816 0 = /dev/ttyV0 First VS-1000 port
1817 1 = /dev/ttyV1 Second VS-1000 port
1818 ...
1819
1820105 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, second controller
1821 0 = /dev/cciss/c1d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1822 16 = /dev/cciss/c1d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1823 ...
1824 240 = /dev/cciss/c1d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1825
1826 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1827 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1828 partitions is 15.
1829
1830106 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller - alternate devices
1831 0 = /dev/cuv0 First VS-1000 port
1832 1 = /dev/cuv1 Second VS-1000 port
1833 ...
1834
1835106 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, third controller
1836 0 = /dev/cciss/c2d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1837 16 = /dev/cciss/c2d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1838 ...
1839 240 = /dev/cciss/c2d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1840
1841 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1842 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1843 partitions is 15.
1844
1845107 char 3Dfx Voodoo Graphics device
1846 0 = /dev/3dfx Primary 3Dfx graphics device
1847
1848107 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fourth controller
1849 0 = /dev/cciss/c3d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1850 16 = /dev/cciss/c3d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1851 ...
1852 240 = /dev/cciss/c3d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1853
1854 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1855 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1856 partitions is 15.
1857
1858108 char Device independent PPP interface
1859 0 = /dev/ppp Device independent PPP interface
1860
1861108 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fifth controller
1862 0 = /dev/cciss/c4d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1863 16 = /dev/cciss/c4d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1864 ...
1865 240 = /dev/cciss/c4d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1866
1867 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1868 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1869 partitions is 15.
1870
1871109 char Reserved for logical volume manager
1872
1873109 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, sixth controller
1874 0 = /dev/cciss/c5d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1875 16 = /dev/cciss/c5d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1876 ...
1877 240 = /dev/cciss/c5d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1878
1879 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1880 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1881 partitions is 15.
1882
1883110 char miroMEDIA Surround board
1884 0 = /dev/srnd0 First miroMEDIA Surround board
1885 1 = /dev/srnd1 Second miroMEDIA Surround board
1886 ...
1887
1888110 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, seventh controller
1889 0 = /dev/cciss/c6d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1890 16 = /dev/cciss/c6d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1891 ...
1892 240 = /dev/cciss/c6d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1893
1894 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1895 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1896 partitions is 15.
1897
1898111 char Philips SAA7146-based audio/video card {2.6}
1899 0 = /dev/av0 First A/V card
1900 1 = /dev/av1 Second A/V card
1901 ...
1902
1903111 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eigth controller
1904 0 = /dev/cciss/c7d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1905 16 = /dev/cciss/c7d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1906 ...
1907 240 = /dev/cciss/c7d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1908
1909 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1910 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1911 partitions is 15.
1912
1913112 char ISI serial card
1914 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First ISI port
1915 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second ISI port
1916 ...
1917
1918 There is currently a device-naming conflict between
1919 these and PAM multimodems (major 78).
1920
1921112 block IBM iSeries virtual disk
1922 0 = /dev/iseries/vda First virtual disk, whole disk
1923 8 = /dev/iseries/vdb Second virtual disk, whole disk
1924 ...
1925 200 = /dev/iseries/vdz 26th virtual disk, whole disk
1926 208 = /dev/iseries/vdaa 27th virtual disk, whole disk
1927 ...
1928 248 = /dev/iseries/vdaf 32nd virtual disk, whole disk
1929
1930 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1931 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1932 partitions is 7.
1933
1934113 char ISI serial card - alternate devices
1935 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1936 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
1937 ...
1938
1939113 block IBM iSeries virtual CD-ROM
1940
1941 0 = /dev/iseries/vcda First virtual CD-ROM
1942 1 = /dev/iseries/vcdb Second virtual CD-ROM
1943 ...
1944
1945114 char Picture Elements ISE board
1946 0 = /dev/ise0 First ISE board
1947 1 = /dev/ise1 Second ISE board
1948 ...
1949 128 = /dev/isex0 Control node for first ISE board
1950 129 = /dev/isex1 Control node for second ISE board
1951 ...
1952
1953 The ISE board is an embedded computer, optimized for
1954 image processing. The /dev/iseN nodes are the general
1955 I/O access to the board, the /dev/isex0 nodes command
1956 nodes used to control the board.
1957
1958114 block IDE BIOS powered software RAID interfaces such as the
1959 Promise Fastrak
1960
1961 0 = /dev/ataraid/d0
1962 1 = /dev/ataraid/d0p1
1963 2 = /dev/ataraid/d0p2
1964 ...
1965 16 = /dev/ataraid/d1
1966 17 = /dev/ataraid/d1p1
1967 18 = /dev/ataraid/d1p2
1968 ...
1969 255 = /dev/ataraid/d15p15
1970
1971 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1972 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1973 partitions is 15.
1974
1975115 char TI link cable devices (115 was formerly the console driver speaker)
1976 0 = /dev/tipar0 Parallel cable on first parallel port
1977 ...
1978 7 = /dev/tipar7 Parallel cable on seventh parallel port
1979
1980 8 = /dev/tiser0 Serial cable on first serial port
1981 ...
1982 15 = /dev/tiser7 Serial cable on seventh serial port
1983
1984 16 = /dev/tiusb0 First USB cable
1985 ...
1986 47 = /dev/tiusb31 32nd USB cable
1987
1988115 block NetWare (NWFS) Devices (0-255)
1989
1990 The NWFS (NetWare) devices are used to present a
1991 collection of NetWare Mirror Groups or NetWare
1992 Partitions as a logical storage segment for
1993 use in mounting NetWare volumes. A maximum of
1994 256 NetWare volumes can be supported in a single
1995 machine.
1996
1997 http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/jmerkey/nwfs
1998
1999 0 = /dev/nwfs/v0 First NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
2000 1 = /dev/nwfs/v1 Second NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
2001 2 = /dev/nwfs/v2 Third NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
2002 ...
2003 255 = /dev/nwfs/v255 Last NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
2004
2005116 char Advanced Linux Sound Driver (ALSA)
2006
2007116 block MicroMemory battery backed RAM adapter (NVRAM)
2008 Supports 16 boards, 15 paritions each.
2009 Requested by neilb at cse.unsw.edu.au.
2010
2011 0 = /dev/umem/d0 Whole of first board
2012 1 = /dev/umem/d0p1 First partition of first board
2013 2 = /dev/umem/d0p2 Second partition of first board
2014 15 = /dev/umem/d0p15 15th partition of first board
2015
2016 16 = /dev/umem/d1 Whole of second board
2017 17 = /dev/umem/d1p1 First partition of second board
2018 ...
2019 255= /dev/umem/d15p15 15th partition of 16th board.
2020
2021117 char COSA/SRP synchronous serial card
2022 0 = /dev/cosa0c0 1st board, 1st channel
2023 1 = /dev/cosa0c1 1st board, 2nd channel
2024 ...
2025 16 = /dev/cosa1c0 2nd board, 1st channel
2026 17 = /dev/cosa1c1 2nd board, 2nd channel
2027 ...
2028
2029117 block Enterprise Volume Management System (EVMS)
2030
2031 The EVMS driver uses a layered, plug-in model to provide
2032 unparalleled flexibility and extensibility in managing
2033 storage. This allows for easy expansion or customization
2034 of various levels of volume management. Requested by
2035 Mark Peloquin (peloquin at us.ibm.com).
2036
2037 Note: EVMS populates and manages all the devnodes in
2038 /dev/evms.
2039
2040 http://sf.net/projects/evms
2041
2042 0 = /dev/evms/block_device EVMS block device
2043 1 = /dev/evms/legacyname1 First EVMS legacy device
2044 2 = /dev/evms/legacyname2 Second EVMS legacy device
2045 ...
2046 Both ranges can grow (down or up) until they meet.
2047 ...
2048 254 = /dev/evms/EVMSname2 Second EVMS native device
2049 255 = /dev/evms/EVMSname1 First EVMS native device
2050
2051 Note: legacyname(s) are derived from the normal legacy
2052 device names. For example, /dev/hda5 would become
2053 /dev/evms/hda5.
2054
2055118 char IBM Cryptographic Accelerator
2056 0 = /dev/ica Virtual interface to all IBM Crypto Accelerators
2057 1 = /dev/ica0 IBMCA Device 0
2058 2 = /dev/ica1 IBMCA Device 1
2059 ...
2060
2061119 char VMware virtual network control
2062 0 = /dev/vnet0 1st virtual network
2063 1 = /dev/vnet1 2nd virtual network
2064 ...
2065
2066120-127 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
2067120-127 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
2068 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
2069 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
2070 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
2071
2072128-135 char Unix98 PTY masters
2073
2074 These devices should not have corresponding device
2075 nodes; instead they should be accessed through the
2076 /dev/ptmx cloning interface.
2077
2078
2079128 block SCSI disk devices (128-143)
2080 0 = /dev/sddy 129th SCSI disk whole disk
2081 16 = /dev/sddz 130th SCSI disk whole disk
2082 32 = /dev/sdea 131th SCSI disk whole disk
2083 ...
2084 240 = /dev/sden 144th SCSI disk whole disk
2085
2086 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2087 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2088 partitions is 15.
2089
2090
2091129 block SCSI disk devices (144-159)
2092 0 = /dev/sdeo 145th SCSI disk whole disk
2093 16 = /dev/sdep 146th SCSI disk whole disk
2094 32 = /dev/sdeq 147th SCSI disk whole disk
2095 ...
2096 240 = /dev/sdfd 160th SCSI disk whole disk
2097
2098 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2099 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2100 partitions is 15.
2101
2102130 char (Misc devices)
2103
2104130 block SCSI disk devices (160-175)
2105 0 = /dev/sdfe 161st SCSI disk whole disk
2106 16 = /dev/sdff 162nd SCSI disk whole disk
2107 32 = /dev/sdfg 163rd SCSI disk whole disk
2108 ...
2109 240 = /dev/sdft 176th SCSI disk whole disk
2110
2111 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2112 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2113 partitions is 15.
2114
2115131 block SCSI disk devices (176-191)
2116 0 = /dev/sdfu 177th SCSI disk whole disk
2117 16 = /dev/sdfv 178th SCSI disk whole disk
2118 32 = /dev/sdfw 179th SCSI disk whole disk
2119 ...
2120 240 = /dev/sdgj 192nd SCSI disk whole disk
2121
2122 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2123 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2124 partitions is 15.
2125
2126
2127132 block SCSI disk devices (192-207)
2128 0 = /dev/sdgk 193rd SCSI disk whole disk
2129 16 = /dev/sdgl 194th SCSI disk whole disk
2130 32 = /dev/sdgm 195th SCSI disk whole disk
2131 ...
2132 240 = /dev/sdgz 208th SCSI disk whole disk
2133
2134 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2135 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2136 partitions is 15.
2137
2138
2139133 block SCSI disk devices (208-223)
2140 0 = /dev/sdha 209th SCSI disk whole disk
2141 16 = /dev/sdhb 210th SCSI disk whole disk
2142 32 = /dev/sdhc 211th SCSI disk whole disk
2143 ...
2144 240 = /dev/sdhp 224th SCSI disk whole disk
2145
2146 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2147 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2148 partitions is 15.
2149
2150
2151134 block SCSI disk devices (224-239)
2152 0 = /dev/sdhq 225th SCSI disk whole disk
2153 16 = /dev/sdhr 226th SCSI disk whole disk
2154 32 = /dev/sdhs 227th SCSI disk whole disk
2155 ...
2156 240 = /dev/sdif 240th SCSI disk whole disk
2157
2158 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2159 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2160 partitions is 15.
2161
2162
2163135 block SCSI disk devices (240-255)
2164 0 = /dev/sdig 241st SCSI disk whole disk
2165 16 = /dev/sdih 242nd SCSI disk whole disk
2166 32 = /dev/sdih 243rd SCSI disk whole disk
2167 ...
2168 240 = /dev/sdiv 256th SCSI disk whole disk
2169
2170 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2171 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2172 partitions is 15.
2173
2174
2175136-143 char Unix98 PTY slaves
2176 0 = /dev/pts/0 First Unix98 pseudo-TTY
2177 1 = /dev/pts/1 Second Unix98 pesudo-TTY
2178 ...
2179
2180 These device nodes are automatically generated with
2181 the proper permissions and modes by mounting the
2182 devpts filesystem onto /dev/pts with the appropriate
2183 mount options (distribution dependent, however, on
2184 *most* distributions the appropriate options are
2185 "mode=0620,gid=<gid of the "tty" group>".)
2186
2187136 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; ninth controller
2188 0 = /dev/rd/c8d0 First disk, whole disk
2189 8 = /dev/rd/c8d1 Second disk, whole disk
2190 ...
2191 248 = /dev/rd/c8d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2192
2193 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2194
2195137 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; tenth controller
2196 0 = /dev/rd/c9d0 First disk, whole disk
2197 8 = /dev/rd/c9d1 Second disk, whole disk
2198 ...
2199 248 = /dev/rd/c9d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2200
2201 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2202
2203138 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eleventh controller
2204 0 = /dev/rd/c10d0 First disk, whole disk
2205 8 = /dev/rd/c10d1 Second disk, whole disk
2206 ...
2207 248 = /dev/rd/c10d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2208
2209 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2210
2211139 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; twelfth controller
2212 0 = /dev/rd/c11d0 First disk, whole disk
2213 8 = /dev/rd/c11d1 Second disk, whole disk
2214 ...
2215 248 = /dev/rd/c11d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2216
2217 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2218
2219140 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; thirteenth controller
2220 0 = /dev/rd/c12d0 First disk, whole disk
2221 8 = /dev/rd/c12d1 Second disk, whole disk
2222 ...
2223 248 = /dev/rd/c12d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2224
2225 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2226
2227141 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourteenth controller
2228 0 = /dev/rd/c13d0 First disk, whole disk
2229 8 = /dev/rd/c13d1 Second disk, whole disk
2230 ...
2231 248 = /dev/rd/c13d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2232
2233 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2234
2235142 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifteenth controller
2236 0 = /dev/rd/c14d0 First disk, whole disk
2237 8 = /dev/rd/c14d1 Second disk, whole disk
2238 ...
2239 248 = /dev/rd/c14d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2240
2241 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2242
2243143 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixteenth controller
2244 0 = /dev/rd/c15d0 First disk, whole disk
2245 8 = /dev/rd/c15d1 Second disk, whole disk
2246 ...
2247 248 = /dev/rd/c15d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2248
2249 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2250
2251144 char Encapsulated PPP
2252 0 = /dev/pppox0 First PPP over Ethernet
2253 ...
2254 63 = /dev/pppox63 64th PPP over Ethernet
2255
2256 This is primarily used for ADSL.
2257
2258 The SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface driver has been
2259 relocated to major 183 due to an unfortunate conflict.
2260
2261144 block Expansion Area #1 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2262 0 = mounted device 256
2263 255 = mounted device 511
2264
2265145 char SAM9407-based soundcard
2266 0 = /dev/sam0_mixer
2267 1 = /dev/sam0_sequencer
2268 2 = /dev/sam0_midi00
2269 3 = /dev/sam0_dsp
2270 4 = /dev/sam0_audio
2271 6 = /dev/sam0_sndstat
2272 18 = /dev/sam0_midi01
2273 34 = /dev/sam0_midi02
2274 50 = /dev/sam0_midi03
2275 64 = /dev/sam1_mixer
2276 ...
2277 128 = /dev/sam2_mixer
2278 ...
2279 192 = /dev/sam3_mixer
2280 ...
2281
2282 Device functions match OSS, but offer a number of
2283 addons, which are sam9407 specific. OSS can be
2284 operated simultaneously, taking care of the codec.
2285
2286145 block Expansion Area #2 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2287 0 = mounted device 512
2288 255 = mounted device 767
2289
2290146 char SYSTRAM SCRAMNet mirrored-memory network
2291 0 = /dev/scramnet0 First SCRAMNet device
2292 1 = /dev/scramnet1 Second SCRAMNet device
2293 ...
2294
2295146 block Expansion Area #3 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2296 0 = mounted device 768
2297 255 = mounted device 1023
2298
2299147 char Aureal Semiconductor Vortex Audio device
2300 0 = /dev/aureal0 First Aureal Vortex
2301 1 = /dev/aureal1 Second Aureal Vortex
2302 ...
2303
2304147 block Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD)
2305 0 = /dev/drbd0 First DRBD device
2306 1 = /dev/drbd1 Second DRBD device
2307 ...
2308
2309148 char Technology Concepts serial card
2310 0 = /dev/ttyT0 First TCL port
2311 1 = /dev/ttyT1 Second TCL port
2312 ...
2313
2314149 char Technology Concepts serial card - alternate devices
2315 0 = /dev/cut0 Callout device for ttyT0
2316 1 = /dev/cut0 Callout device for ttyT1
2317 ...
2318
2319150 char Real-Time Linux FIFOs
2320 0 = /dev/rtf0 First RTLinux FIFO
2321 1 = /dev/rtf1 Second RTLinux FIFO
2322 ...
2323
2324151 char DPT I2O SmartRaid V controller
2325 0 = /dev/dpti0 First DPT I2O adapter
2326 1 = /dev/dpti1 Second DPT I2O adapter
2327 ...
2328
2329152 char EtherDrive Control Device
2330 0 = /dev/etherd/ctl Connect/Disconnect an EtherDrive
2331 1 = /dev/etherd/err Monitor errors
2332 2 = /dev/etherd/raw Raw AoE packet monitor
2333
2334152 block EtherDrive Block Devices
2335 0 = /dev/etherd/0 EtherDrive 0
2336 ...
2337 255 = /dev/etherd/255 EtherDrive 255
2338
2339153 char SPI Bus Interface (sometimes referred to as MicroWire)
2340 0 = /dev/spi0 First SPI device on the bus
2341 1 = /dev/spi1 Second SPI device on the bus
2342 ...
2343 15 = /dev/spi15 Sixteenth SPI device on the bus
2344
2345153 block Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) storage units
2346 0 = /dev/emd/0 First unit
2347 1 = /dev/emd/0p1 Partition 1 on First unit
2348 2 = /dev/emd/0p2 Partition 2 on First unit
2349 ...
2350 15 = /dev/emd/0p15 Partition 15 on First unit
2351
2352 16 = /dev/emd/1 Second unit
2353 32 = /dev/emd/2 Third unit
2354 ...
2355 240 = /dev/emd/15 Sixteenth unit
2356
2357 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2358 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2359 partitions is 15.
2360
2361154 char Specialix RIO serial card
2362 0 = /dev/ttySR0 First RIO port
2363 ...
2364 255 = /dev/ttySR255 256th RIO port
2365
2366155 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2367 0 = /dev/cusr0 Callout device for ttySR0
2368 ...
2369 255 = /dev/cusr255 Callout device for ttySR255
2370
2371156 char Specialix RIO serial card
2372 0 = /dev/ttySR256 257th RIO port
2373 ...
2374 255 = /dev/ttySR511 512th RIO port
2375
2376157 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2377 0 = /dev/cusr256 Callout device for ttySR256
2378 ...
2379 255 = /dev/cusr511 Callout device for ttySR511
2380
2381158 char Dialogic GammaLink fax driver
2382 0 = /dev/gfax0 GammaLink channel 0
2383 1 = /dev/gfax1 GammaLink channel 1
2384 ...
2385
2386159 char RESERVED
2387159 block RESERVED
2388
2389160 char General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB)
2390 0 = /dev/gpib0 First GPIB bus
2391 1 = /dev/gpib1 Second GPIB bus
2392 ...
2393
2394160 block Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on First Controller
2395 0 = /dev/carmel/0 SATA disk 0 whole disk
2396 1 = /dev/carmel/0p1 SATA disk 0 partition 1
2397 ...
2398 31 = /dev/carmel/0p31 SATA disk 0 partition 31
2399
2400 32 = /dev/carmel/1 SATA disk 1 whole disk
2401 64 = /dev/carmel/2 SATA disk 2 whole disk
2402 ...
2403 224 = /dev/carmel/7 SATA disk 7 whole disk
2404
2405 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2406 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2407 partitions is 31.
2408
2409161 char IrCOMM devices (IrDA serial/parallel emulation)
2410 0 = /dev/ircomm0 First IrCOMM device
2411 1 = /dev/ircomm1 Second IrCOMM device
2412 ...
2413 16 = /dev/irlpt0 First IrLPT device
2414 17 = /dev/irlpt1 Second IrLPT device
2415 ...
2416
2417161 block Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on Second Controller
2418 0 = /dev/carmel/8 SATA disk 8 whole disk
2419 1 = /dev/carmel/8p1 SATA disk 8 partition 1
2420 ...
2421 31 = /dev/carmel/8p31 SATA disk 8 partition 31
2422
2423 32 = /dev/carmel/9 SATA disk 9 whole disk
2424 64 = /dev/carmel/10 SATA disk 10 whole disk
2425 ...
2426 224 = /dev/carmel/15 SATA disk 15 whole disk
2427
2428 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2429 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2430 partitions is 31.
2431
2432162 char Raw block device interface
2433 0 = /dev/rawctl Raw I/O control device
2434 1 = /dev/raw/raw1 First raw I/O device
2435 2 = /dev/raw/raw2 Second raw I/O device
2436 ...
2437
2438163 char UNASSIGNED (was Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem - see 51)
2439
2440164 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card
2441 0 = /dev/ttyCH0 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 0
2442 ...
2443 15 = /dev/ttyCH15 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 15
2444 16 = /dev/ttyCH16 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 0
2445 ...
2446 31 = /dev/ttyCH31 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 15
2447 32 = /dev/ttyCH32 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 0
2448 ...
2449 47 = /dev/ttyCH47 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 15
2450 48 = /dev/ttyCH48 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 0
2451 ...
2452 63 = /dev/ttyCH63 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 15
2453
2454165 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card - alternate devices
2455 0 = /dev/cuch0 Callout device for ttyCH0
2456 ...
2457 63 = /dev/cuch63 Callout device for ttyCH63
2458
2459166 char ACM USB modems
2460 0 = /dev/ttyACM0 First ACM modem
2461 1 = /dev/ttyACM1 Second ACM modem
2462 ...
2463
2464167 char ACM USB modems - alternate devices
2465 0 = /dev/cuacm0 Callout device for ttyACM0
2466 1 = /dev/cuacm1 Callout device for ttyACM1
2467 ...
2468
2469168 char Eracom CSA7000 PCI encryption adaptor
2470 0 = /dev/ecsa0 First CSA7000
2471 1 = /dev/ecsa1 Second CSA7000
2472 ...
2473
2474169 char Eracom CSA8000 PCI encryption adaptor
2475 0 = /dev/ecsa8-0 First CSA8000
2476 1 = /dev/ecsa8-1 Second CSA8000
2477 ...
2478
2479170 char AMI MegaRAC remote access controller
2480 0 = /dev/megarac0 First MegaRAC card
2481 1 = /dev/megarac1 Second MegaRAC card
2482 ...
2483
2484171 char Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
2485
2486
2487172 char Moxa Intellio serial card
2488 0 = /dev/ttyMX0 First Moxa port
2489 1 = /dev/ttyMX1 Second Moxa port
2490 ...
2491 127 = /dev/ttyMX127 128th Moxa port
2492 128 = /dev/moxactl Moxa control port
2493
2494173 char Moxa Intellio serial card - alternate devices
2495 0 = /dev/cumx0 Callout device for ttyMX0
2496 1 = /dev/cumx1 Callout device for ttyMX1
2497 ...
2498 127 = /dev/cumx127 Callout device for ttyMX127
2499
2500174 char SmartIO serial card
2501 0 = /dev/ttySI0 First SmartIO port
2502 1 = /dev/ttySI1 Second SmartIO port
2503 ...
2504
2505175 char SmartIO serial card - alternate devices
2506 0 = /dev/cusi0 Callout device for ttySI0
2507 1 = /dev/cusi1 Callout device for ttySI1
2508 ...
2509
2510176 char nCipher nFast PCI crypto accelerator
2511 0 = /dev/nfastpci0 First nFast PCI device
2512 1 = /dev/nfastpci1 First nFast PCI device
2513 ...
2514
2515177 char TI PCILynx memory spaces
2516 0 = /dev/pcilynx/aux0 AUX space of first PCILynx card
2517 ...
2518 15 = /dev/pcilynx/aux15 AUX space of 16th PCILynx card
2519 16 = /dev/pcilynx/rom0 ROM space of first PCILynx card
2520 ...
2521 31 = /dev/pcilynx/rom15 ROM space of 16th PCILynx card
2522 32 = /dev/pcilynx/ram0 RAM space of first PCILynx card
2523 ...
2524 47 = /dev/pcilynx/ram15 RAM space of 16th PCILynx card
2525
2526178 char Giganet cLAN1xxx virtual interface adapter
2527 0 = /dev/clanvi0 First cLAN adapter
2528 1 = /dev/clanvi1 Second cLAN adapter
2529 ...
2530
2531179 char CCube DVXChip-based PCI products
2532 0 = /dev/dvxirq0 First DVX device
2533 1 = /dev/dvxirq1 Second DVX device
2534 ...
2535
2536180 char USB devices
2537 0 = /dev/usb/lp0 First USB printer
2538 ...
2539 15 = /dev/usb/lp15 16th USB printer
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07002540 48 = /dev/usb/scanner0 First USB scanner
2541 ...
2542 63 = /dev/usb/scanner15 16th USB scanner
2543 64 = /dev/usb/rio500 Diamond Rio 500
2544 65 = /dev/usb/usblcd USBLCD Interface (info@usblcd.de)
2545 66 = /dev/usb/cpad0 Synaptics cPad (mouse/LCD)
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -07002546 96 = /dev/usb/hiddev0 1st USB HID device
2547 ...
2548 111 = /dev/usb/hiddev15 16th USB HID device
2549 112 = /dev/usb/auer0 1st auerswald ISDN device
2550 ...
2551 127 = /dev/usb/auer15 16th auerswald ISDN device
2552 128 = /dev/usb/brlvgr0 First Braille Voyager device
2553 ...
2554 131 = /dev/usb/brlvgr3 Fourth Braille Voyager device
2555 132 = /dev/usb/idmouse ID Mouse (fingerprint scanner) device
2556 133 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga1 First SiSUSB VGA device
2557 ...
2558 140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8 Eigth SISUSB VGA device
2559 144 = /dev/usb/lcd USB LCD device
2560 160 = /dev/usb/legousbtower0 1st USB Legotower device
2561 ...
2562 175 = /dev/usb/legousbtower15 16th USB Legotower device
2563 240 = /dev/usb/dabusb0 First daubusb device
2564 ...
2565 243 = /dev/usb/dabusb3 Fourth dabusb device
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07002566
2567180 block USB block devices
2568 0 = /dev/uba First USB block device
2569 8 = /dev/ubb Second USB block device
2570 16 = /dev/ubc Thrid USB block device
2571 ...
2572
2573181 char Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks
2574 0 = /dev/pcfclock0 First Conrad radio clock
2575 1 = /dev/pcfclock1 Second Conrad radio clock
2576 ...
2577
2578182 char Picture Elements THR2 binarizer
2579 0 = /dev/pethr0 First THR2 board
2580 1 = /dev/pethr1 Second THR2 board
2581 ...
2582
2583183 char SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface
2584 0 = /dev/ss5136dn0 First DeviceNet interface
2585 1 = /dev/ss5136dn1 Second DeviceNet interface
2586 ...
2587
2588 This device used to be assigned to major number 144.
2589 It had to be moved due to an unfortunate conflict.
2590
2591184 char Picture Elements' video simulator/sender
2592 0 = /dev/pevss0 First sender board
2593 1 = /dev/pevss1 Second sender board
2594 ...
2595
2596185 char InterMezzo high availability file system
2597 0 = /dev/intermezzo0 First cache manager
2598 1 = /dev/intermezzo1 Second cache manager
2599 ...
2600
2601 See http://www.inter-mezzo.org/ for more information.
2602
2603186 char Object-based storage control device
2604 0 = /dev/obd0 First obd control device
2605 1 = /dev/obd1 Second obd control device
2606 ...
2607
2608 See ftp://ftp.lustre.org/pub/obd for code and information.
2609
2610187 char DESkey hardware encryption device
2611 0 = /dev/deskey0 First DES key
2612 1 = /dev/deskey1 Second DES key
2613 ...
2614
2615188 char USB serial converters
2616 0 = /dev/ttyUSB0 First USB serial converter
2617 1 = /dev/ttyUSB1 Second USB serial converter
2618 ...
2619
2620189 char USB serial converters - alternate devices
2621 0 = /dev/cuusb0 Callout device for ttyUSB0
2622 1 = /dev/cuusb1 Callout device for ttyUSB1
2623 ...
2624
2625190 char Kansas City tracker/tuner card
2626 0 = /dev/kctt0 First KCT/T card
2627 1 = /dev/kctt1 Second KCT/T card
2628 ...
2629
2630191 char Reserved for PCMCIA
2631
2632192 char Kernel profiling interface
2633 0 = /dev/profile Profiling control device
2634 1 = /dev/profile0 Profiling device for CPU 0
2635 2 = /dev/profile1 Profiling device for CPU 1
2636 ...
2637
2638193 char Kernel event-tracing interface
2639 0 = /dev/trace Tracing control device
2640 1 = /dev/trace0 Tracing device for CPU 0
2641 2 = /dev/trace1 Tracing device for CPU 1
2642 ...
2643
2644194 char linVideoStreams (LINVS)
2645 0 = /dev/mvideo/status0 Video compression status
2646 1 = /dev/mvideo/stream0 Video stream
2647 2 = /dev/mvideo/frame0 Single compressed frame
2648 3 = /dev/mvideo/rawframe0 Raw uncompressed frame
2649 4 = /dev/mvideo/codec0 Direct codec access
2650 5 = /dev/mvideo/video4linux0 Video4Linux compatibility
2651
2652 16 = /dev/mvideo/status1 Second device
2653 ...
2654 32 = /dev/mvideo/status2 Third device
2655 ...
2656 ...
2657 240 = /dev/mvideo/status15 16th device
2658 ...
2659
2660195 char Nvidia graphics devices
2661 0 = /dev/nvidia0 First Nvidia card
2662 1 = /dev/nvidia1 Second Nvidia card
2663 ...
2664 255 = /dev/nvidiactl Nvidia card control device
2665
2666196 char Tormenta T1 card
2667 0 = /dev/tor/0 Master control channel for all cards
2668 1 = /dev/tor/1 First DS0
2669 2 = /dev/tor/2 Second DS0
2670 ...
2671 48 = /dev/tor/48 48th DS0
2672 49 = /dev/tor/49 First pseudo-channel
2673 50 = /dev/tor/50 Second pseudo-channel
2674 ...
2675
2676197 char OpenTNF tracing facility
2677 0 = /dev/tnf/t0 Trace 0 data extraction
2678 1 = /dev/tnf/t1 Trace 1 data extraction
2679 ...
2680 128 = /dev/tnf/status Tracing facility status
2681 130 = /dev/tnf/trace Tracing device
2682
2683198 char Total Impact TPMP2 quad coprocessor PCI card
2684 0 = /dev/tpmp2/0 First card
2685 1 = /dev/tpmp2/1 Second card
2686 ...
2687
2688199 char Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2689 0 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/* First volume
2690 1 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/* Second volume
2691 ...
2692
2693199 block Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2694 0 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/* First volume
2695 1 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/* Second volume
2696 ...
2697
2698 The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2699 the user space VxVM software.
2700
2701200 char Veritas VxVM configuration interface
2702 0 = /dev/vx/config Configuration access node
2703 1 = /dev/vx/trace Volume i/o trace access node
2704 2 = /dev/vx/iod Volume i/o daemon access node
2705 3 = /dev/vx/info Volume information access node
2706 4 = /dev/vx/task Volume tasks access node
2707 5 = /dev/vx/taskmon Volume tasks monitor daemon
2708
2709201 char Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2710 0 = /dev/vx/rdmp/* First multipath device
2711 1 = /dev/vx/rdmp/* Second multipath device
2712 ...
2713201 block Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2714 0 = /dev/vx/dmp/* First multipath device
2715 1 = /dev/vx/dmp/* Second multipath device
2716 ...
2717
2718 The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2719 the user space VxVM software.
2720
2721202 char CPU model-specific registers
2722 0 = /dev/cpu/0/msr MSRs on CPU 0
2723 1 = /dev/cpu/1/msr MSRs on CPU 1
2724 ...
2725
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -07002726202 block Xen Virtual Block Device
2727 0 = /dev/xvda First Xen VBD whole disk
2728 16 = /dev/xvdb Second Xen VBD whole disk
2729 32 = /dev/xvdc Third Xen VBD whole disk
2730 ...
2731 240 = /dev/xvdp Sixteenth Xen VBD whole disk
2732
2733 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2734 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2735 partitions is 15.
2736
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07002737203 char CPU CPUID information
2738 0 = /dev/cpu/0/cpuid CPUID on CPU 0
2739 1 = /dev/cpu/1/cpuid CPUID on CPU 1
2740 ...
2741
2742204 char Low-density serial ports
2743 0 = /dev/ttyLU0 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 0
2744 1 = /dev/ttyLU1 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 1
2745 2 = /dev/ttyLU2 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 2
2746 3 = /dev/ttyLU3 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 3
2747 4 = /dev/ttyFB0 Intel Footbridge (ARM)
2748 5 = /dev/ttySA0 StrongARM builtin serial port 0
2749 6 = /dev/ttySA1 StrongARM builtin serial port 1
2750 7 = /dev/ttySA2 StrongARM builtin serial port 2
2751 8 = /dev/ttySC0 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 0
2752 9 = /dev/ttySC1 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 1
2753 10 = /dev/ttySC2 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 2
2754 11 = /dev/ttySC3 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 3
2755 12 = /dev/ttyFW0 Firmware console - port 0
2756 13 = /dev/ttyFW1 Firmware console - port 1
2757 14 = /dev/ttyFW2 Firmware console - port 2
2758 15 = /dev/ttyFW3 Firmware console - port 3
2759 16 = /dev/ttyAM0 ARM "AMBA" serial port 0
2760 ...
2761 31 = /dev/ttyAM15 ARM "AMBA" serial port 15
2762 32 = /dev/ttyDB0 DataBooster serial port 0
2763 ...
2764 39 = /dev/ttyDB7 DataBooster serial port 7
2765 40 = /dev/ttySG0 SGI Altix console port
2766 41 = /dev/ttySMX0 Motorola i.MX - port 0
2767 42 = /dev/ttySMX1 Motorola i.MX - port 1
2768 43 = /dev/ttySMX2 Motorola i.MX - port 2
2769 44 = /dev/ttyMM0 Marvell MPSC - port 0
2770 45 = /dev/ttyMM1 Marvell MPSC - port 1
2771 46 = /dev/ttyCPM0 PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 0
2772 ...
2773 47 = /dev/ttyCPM5 PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 5
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -07002774 50 = /dev/ttyIOC0 Altix serial card
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07002775 ...
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -07002776 81 = /dev/ttyIOC31 Altix serial card
2777 82 = /dev/ttyVR0 NEC VR4100 series SIU
2778 83 = /dev/ttyVR1 NEC VR4100 series DSIU
2779 84 = /dev/ttyIOC84 Altix ioc4 serial card
2780 ...
2781 115 = /dev/ttyIOC115 Altix ioc4 serial card
2782 116 = /dev/ttySIOC0 Altix ioc3 serial card
2783 ...
2784 147 = /dev/ttySIOC31 Altix ioc3 serial card
2785 148 = /dev/ttyPSC0 PPC PSC - port 0
2786 ...
2787 153 = /dev/ttyPSC5 PPC PSC - port 5
2788 154 = /dev/ttyAT0 ATMEL serial port 0
2789 ...
2790 169 = /dev/ttyAT15 ATMEL serial port 15
2791 170 = /dev/ttyNX0 Hilscher netX serial port 0
2792 ...
2793 185 = /dev/ttyNX15 Hilscher netX serial port 15
Jan Engelhardta4521942006-06-25 05:49:33 -07002794 186 = /dev/ttyJ0 JTAG1 DCC protocol based serial port emulation
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07002795
2796205 char Low-density serial ports (alternate device)
2797 0 = /dev/culu0 Callout device for ttyLU0
2798 1 = /dev/culu1 Callout device for ttyLU1
2799 2 = /dev/culu2 Callout device for ttyLU2
2800 3 = /dev/culu3 Callout device for ttyLU3
2801 4 = /dev/cufb0 Callout device for ttyFB0
2802 5 = /dev/cusa0 Callout device for ttySA0
2803 6 = /dev/cusa1 Callout device for ttySA1
2804 7 = /dev/cusa2 Callout device for ttySA2
2805 8 = /dev/cusc0 Callout device for ttySC0
2806 9 = /dev/cusc1 Callout device for ttySC1
2807 10 = /dev/cusc2 Callout device for ttySC2
2808 11 = /dev/cusc3 Callout device for ttySC3
2809 12 = /dev/cufw0 Callout device for ttyFW0
2810 13 = /dev/cufw1 Callout device for ttyFW1
2811 14 = /dev/cufw2 Callout device for ttyFW2
2812 15 = /dev/cufw3 Callout device for ttyFW3
2813 16 = /dev/cuam0 Callout device for ttyAM0
2814 ...
2815 31 = /dev/cuam15 Callout device for ttyAM15
2816 32 = /dev/cudb0 Callout device for ttyDB0
2817 ...
2818 39 = /dev/cudb7 Callout device for ttyDB7
2819 40 = /dev/cusg0 Callout device for ttySG0
2820 41 = /dev/ttycusmx0 Callout device for ttySMX0
2821 42 = /dev/ttycusmx1 Callout device for ttySMX1
2822 43 = /dev/ttycusmx2 Callout device for ttySMX2
2823 46 = /dev/cucpm0 Callout device for ttyCPM0
2824 ...
2825 49 = /dev/cucpm5 Callout device for ttyCPM5
2826 50 = /dev/cuioc40 Callout device for ttyIOC40
2827 ...
2828 81 = /dev/cuioc431 Callout device for ttyIOC431
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -07002829 82 = /dev/cuvr0 Callout device for ttyVR0
2830 83 = /dev/cuvr1 Callout device for ttyVR1
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07002831
2832
2833206 char OnStream SC-x0 tape devices
2834 0 = /dev/osst0 First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2835 1 = /dev/osst1 Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2836 ...
2837 32 = /dev/osst0l First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2838 33 = /dev/osst1l Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2839 ...
2840 64 = /dev/osst0m First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2841 65 = /dev/osst1m Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2842 ...
2843 96 = /dev/osst0a First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2844 97 = /dev/osst1a Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2845 ...
2846 128 = /dev/nosst0 No rewind version of /dev/osst0
2847 129 = /dev/nosst1 No rewind version of /dev/osst1
2848 ...
2849 160 = /dev/nosst0l No rewind version of /dev/osst0l
2850 161 = /dev/nosst1l No rewind version of /dev/osst1l
2851 ...
2852 192 = /dev/nosst0m No rewind version of /dev/osst0m
2853 193 = /dev/nosst1m No rewind version of /dev/osst1m
2854 ...
2855 224 = /dev/nosst0a No rewind version of /dev/osst0a
2856 225 = /dev/nosst1a No rewind version of /dev/osst1a
2857 ...
2858
2859 The OnStream SC-x0 SCSI tapes do not support the
2860 standard SCSI SASD command set and therefore need
2861 their own driver "osst". Note that the IDE, USB (and
2862 maybe ParPort) versions may be driven via ide-scsi or
2863 usb-storage SCSI emulation and this osst device and
2864 driver as well. The ADR-x0 drives are QIC-157
2865 compliant and don't need osst.
2866
2867207 char Compaq ProLiant health feature indicate
2868 0 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpqw Redirector interface
2869 1 = /dev/cpqhealth/crom EISA CROM
2870 2 = /dev/cpqhealth/cdt Data Table
2871 3 = /dev/cpqhealth/cevt Event Log
2872 4 = /dev/cpqhealth/casr Automatic Server Recovery
2873 5 = /dev/cpqhealth/cecc ECC Memory
2874 6 = /dev/cpqhealth/cmca Machine Check Architecture
2875 7 = /dev/cpqhealth/ccsm Deprecated CDT
2876 8 = /dev/cpqhealth/cnmi NMI Handling
2877 9 = /dev/cpqhealth/css Sideshow Management
2878 10 = /dev/cpqhealth/cram CMOS interface
2879 11 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpci PCI IRQ interface
2880
2881208 char User space serial ports
2882 0 = /dev/ttyU0 First user space serial port
2883 1 = /dev/ttyU1 Second user space serial port
2884 ...
2885
2886209 char User space serial ports (alternate devices)
2887 0 = /dev/cuu0 Callout device for ttyU0
2888 1 = /dev/cuu1 Callout device for ttyU1
2889 ...
2890
2891210 char SBE, Inc. sync/async serial card
2892 0 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg0 Configuration device for board 0
2893 1 = /dev/sbei/dld0 Download device for board 0
2894 2 = /dev/sbei/wan00 WAN device, port 0, board 0
2895 3 = /dev/sbei/wan01 WAN device, port 1, board 0
2896 4 = /dev/sbei/wan02 WAN device, port 2, board 0
2897 5 = /dev/sbei/wan03 WAN device, port 3, board 0
2898 6 = /dev/sbei/wanc00 WAN clone device, port 0, board 0
2899 7 = /dev/sbei/wanc01 WAN clone device, port 1, board 0
2900 8 = /dev/sbei/wanc02 WAN clone device, port 2, board 0
2901 9 = /dev/sbei/wanc03 WAN clone device, port 3, board 0
2902 10 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg1 Configuration device for board 1
2903 11 = /dev/sbei/dld1 Download device for board 1
2904 12 = /dev/sbei/wan10 WAN device, port 0, board 1
2905 13 = /dev/sbei/wan11 WAN device, port 1, board 1
2906 14 = /dev/sbei/wan12 WAN device, port 2, board 1
2907 15 = /dev/sbei/wan13 WAN device, port 3, board 1
2908 16 = /dev/sbei/wanc10 WAN clone device, port 0, board 1
2909 17 = /dev/sbei/wanc11 WAN clone device, port 1, board 1
2910 18 = /dev/sbei/wanc12 WAN clone device, port 2, board 1
2911 19 = /dev/sbei/wanc13 WAN clone device, port 3, board 1
2912 ...
2913
2914 Yes, each board is really spaced 10 (decimal) apart.
2915
2916211 char Addinum CPCI1500 digital I/O card
2917 0 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/0 First CPCI1500 card
2918 1 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/1 Second CPCI1500 card
2919 ...
2920
2921212 char LinuxTV.org DVB driver subsystem
2922
2923 0 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0 first video decoder of first card
2924 1 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0 first audio decoder of first card
2925 2 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/sec0 (obsolete/unused)
2926 3 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0 first frontend device of first card
2927 4 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0 first demux device of first card
2928 5 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0 first digital video recoder device of first card
2929 6 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/ca0 first common access port of first card
2930 7 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/net0 first network device of first card
2931 8 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/osd0 first on-screen-display device of first card
2932 9 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video1 second video decoder of first card
2933 ...
2934 64 = /dev/dvb/adapter1/video0 first video decoder of second card
2935 ...
2936 128 = /dev/dvb/adapter2/video0 first video decoder of third card
2937 ...
2938 196 = /dev/dvb/adapter3/video0 first video decoder of fourth card
2939
Marcel Holtmannc611d2c2005-11-17 09:46:39 -08002940216 char Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices
2941 0 = /dev/rfcomm0 First Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
2942 1 = /dev/rfcomm1 Second Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07002943 ...
2944
Marcel Holtmannc611d2c2005-11-17 09:46:39 -08002945217 char Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices (alternate devices)
2946 0 = /dev/curf0 Callout device for rfcomm0
2947 1 = /dev/curf1 Callout device for rfcomm1
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07002948 ...
2949
2950218 char The Logical Company bus Unibus/Qbus adapters
2951 0 = /dev/logicalco/bci/0 First bus adapter
2952 1 = /dev/logicalco/bci/1 First bus adapter
2953 ...
2954
2955219 char The Logical Company DCI-1300 digital I/O card
2956 0 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/0 First DCI-1300 card
2957 1 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/1 Second DCI-1300 card
2958 ...
2959
2960220 char Myricom Myrinet "GM" board
2961 0 = /dev/myricom/gm0 First Myrinet GM board
2962 1 = /dev/myricom/gmp0 First board "root access"
2963 2 = /dev/myricom/gm1 Second Myrinet GM board
2964 3 = /dev/myricom/gmp1 Second board "root access"
2965 ...
2966
2967221 char VME bus
2968 0 = /dev/bus/vme/m0 First master image
2969 1 = /dev/bus/vme/m1 Second master image
2970 2 = /dev/bus/vme/m2 Third master image
2971 3 = /dev/bus/vme/m3 Fourth master image
2972 4 = /dev/bus/vme/s0 First slave image
2973 5 = /dev/bus/vme/s1 Second slave image
2974 6 = /dev/bus/vme/s2 Third slave image
2975 7 = /dev/bus/vme/s3 Fourth slave image
2976 8 = /dev/bus/vme/ctl Control
2977
2978 It is expected that all VME bus drivers will use the
2979 same interface. For interface documentation see
2980 http://www.vmelinux.org/.
2981
2982224 char A2232 serial card
2983 0 = /dev/ttyY0 First A2232 port
2984 1 = /dev/ttyY1 Second A2232 port
2985 ...
2986
2987225 char A2232 serial card (alternate devices)
2988 0 = /dev/cuy0 Callout device for ttyY0
2989 1 = /dev/cuy1 Callout device for ttyY1
2990 ...
2991
2992226 char Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI)
2993 0 = /dev/dri/card0 First graphics card
2994 1 = /dev/dri/card1 Second graphics card
2995 ...
2996
2997227 char IBM 3270 terminal Unix tty access
2998 1 = /dev/3270/tty1 First 3270 terminal
2999 2 = /dev/3270/tty2 Seconds 3270 terminal
3000 ...
3001
3002228 char IBM 3270 terminal block-mode access
3003 0 = /dev/3270/tub Controlling interface
3004 1 = /dev/3270/tub1 First 3270 terminal
3005 2 = /dev/3270/tub2 Second 3270 terminal
3006 ...
3007
3008229 char IBM iSeries virtual console
3009 0 = /dev/iseries/vtty0 First console port
3010 1 = /dev/iseries/vtty1 Second console port
3011 ...
3012
3013230 char IBM iSeries virtual tape
3014 0 = /dev/iseries/vt0 First virtual tape, mode 0
3015 1 = /dev/iseries/vt1 Second virtual tape, mode 0
3016 ...
3017 32 = /dev/iseries/vt0l First virtual tape, mode 1
3018 33 = /dev/iseries/vt1l Second virtual tape, mode 1
3019 ...
3020 64 = /dev/iseries/vt0m First virtual tape, mode 2
3021 65 = /dev/iseries/vt1m Second virtual tape, mode 2
3022 ...
3023 96 = /dev/iseries/vt0a First virtual tape, mode 3
3024 97 = /dev/iseries/vt1a Second virtual tape, mode 3
3025 ...
3026 128 = /dev/iseries/nvt0 First virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
3027 129 = /dev/iseries/nvt1 Second virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
3028 ...
3029 160 = /dev/iseries/nvt0l First virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
3030 161 = /dev/iseries/nvt1l Second virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
3031 ...
3032 192 = /dev/iseries/nvt0m First virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
3033 193 = /dev/iseries/nvt1m Second virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
3034 ...
3035 224 = /dev/iseries/nvt0a First virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
3036 225 = /dev/iseries/nvt1a Second virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
3037 ...
3038
3039 "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
3040 automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
3041 ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
3042 the device used to access it.
3043
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -07003044231 char InfiniBand
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07003045 0 = /dev/infiniband/umad0
3046 1 = /dev/infiniband/umad1
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -07003047 ...
3048 63 = /dev/infiniband/umad63 63rd InfiniBandMad device
3049 64 = /dev/infiniband/issm0 First InfiniBand IsSM device
3050 65 = /dev/infiniband/issm1 Second InfiniBand IsSM device
3051 ...
3052 127 = /dev/infiniband/issm63 63rd InfiniBand IsSM device
3053 128 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs0 First InfiniBand verbs device
3054 129 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs1 Second InfiniBand verbs device
3055 ...
3056 159 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs31 31st InfiniBand verbs device
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07003057
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -07003058232 char Biometric Devices
3059 0 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on first device
3060 1 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/iris first iris sensor on first device
3061 2 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/retina first retina sensor on first device
3062 3 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/voiceprint first voiceprint sensor on first device
3063 4 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/facial first facial sensor on first device
3064 5 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/hand first hand sensor on first device
3065 ...
3066 10 = /dev/biometric/sensor1/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on second device
3067 ...
3068 20 = /dev/biometric/sensor2/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on third device
3069 ...
3070
3071233 char PathScale InfiniPath interconnect
3072 0 = /dev/ipath Primary device for programs (any unit)
3073 1 = /dev/ipath0 Access specifically to unit 0
3074 2 = /dev/ipath1 Access specifically to unit 1
3075 ...
3076 4 = /dev/ipath3 Access specifically to unit 3
3077 129 = /dev/ipath_sma Device used by Subnet Management Agent
3078 130 = /dev/ipath_diag Device used by diagnostics programs
3079
3080234-239 UNASSIGNED
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07003081
3082240-254 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
3083240-254 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
3084 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
3085 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
3086 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
3087
3088255 char RESERVED
3089255 block RESERVED
3090
3091 This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
3092 larger number space. No device nodes with this major
3093 should ever be created on the filesystem.
Jan Engelhardt11420212006-06-23 02:05:34 -07003094 (This is probaly not true anymore, but I'll leave it
3095 for now /Torben)
3096
3097---LARGE MAJORS!!!!!---
3098
3099256 char Equinox SST multi-port serial boards
3100 0 = /dev/ttyEQ0 First serial port on first Equinox SST board
3101 127 = /dev/ttyEQ127 Last serial port on first Equinox SST board
3102 128 = /dev/ttyEQ128 First serial port on second Equinox SST board
3103 ...
3104 1027 = /dev/ttyEQ1027 Last serial port on eighth Equinox SST board
3105
3106256 block Resident Flash Disk Flash Translation Layer
3107 0 = /dev/rfda First RFD FTL layer
3108 16 = /dev/rfdb Second RFD FTL layer
3109 ...
3110 240 = /dev/rfdp 16th RFD FTL layer
3111
Jan Engelhardta4521942006-06-25 05:49:33 -07003112257 char Phoenix Technologies Cryptographic Services Driver
3113 0 = /dev/ptlsec Crypto Services Driver
3114
3115
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07003116
3117 **** ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES
3118
3119This section details additional entries that should or may exist in
3120the /dev directory. It is preferred that symbolic links use the same
3121form (absolute or relative) as is indicated here. Links are
3122classified as "hard" or "symbolic" depending on the preferred type of
3123link; if possible, the indicated type of link should be used.
3124
3125
3126 Compulsory links
3127
3128These links should exist on all systems:
3129
3130/dev/fd /proc/self/fd symbolic File descriptors
3131/dev/stdin fd/0 symbolic stdin file descriptor
3132/dev/stdout fd/1 symbolic stdout file descriptor
3133/dev/stderr fd/2 symbolic stderr file descriptor
3134/dev/nfsd socksys symbolic Required by iBCS-2
3135/dev/X0R null symbolic Required by iBCS-2
3136
3137Note: /dev/X0R is <letter X>-<digit 0>-<letter R>.
3138
3139 Recommended links
3140
3141It is recommended that these links exist on all systems:
3142
3143/dev/core /proc/kcore symbolic Backward compatibility
3144/dev/ramdisk ram0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3145/dev/ftape qft0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3146/dev/bttv0 video0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3147/dev/radio radio0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3148/dev/i2o* /dev/i2o/* symbolic Backward compatibility
3149/dev/scd? sr? hard Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name
3150
3151 Locally defined links
3152
3153The following links may be established locally to conform to the
3154configuration of the system. This is merely a tabulation of existing
3155practice, and does not constitute a recommendation. However, if they
3156exist, they should have the following uses.
3157
3158/dev/mouse mouse port symbolic Current mouse device
3159/dev/tape tape device symbolic Current tape device
3160/dev/cdrom CD-ROM device symbolic Current CD-ROM device
3161/dev/cdwriter CD-writer symbolic Current CD-writer device
3162/dev/scanner scanner symbolic Current scanner device
3163/dev/modem modem port symbolic Current dialout device
3164/dev/root root device symbolic Current root filesystem
3165/dev/swap swap device symbolic Current swap device
3166
3167/dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as
3168well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems. If it
3169exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate primary TTY device
3170(the use of the alternate callout devices is deprecated).
3171
3172For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the
3173``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas
3174/dev/cdwriter and /dev/scanner should point to the appropriate generic
3175SCSI devices (/dev/sg*).
3176
3177/dev/mouse may point to a primary serial TTY device, a hardware mouse
3178device, or a socket for a mouse driver program (e.g. /dev/gpmdata).
3179
3180 Sockets and pipes
3181
3182Non-transient sockets and named pipes may exist in /dev. Common entries are:
3183
3184/dev/printer socket lpd local socket
3185/dev/log socket syslog local socket
3186/dev/gpmdata socket gpm mouse multiplexer
3187
3188 Mount points
3189
3190The following names are reserved for mounting special filesystems
3191under /dev. These special filesystems provide kernel interfaces that
3192cannot be provided with standard device nodes.
3193
3194/dev/pts devpts PTY slave filesystem
3195/dev/shm tmpfs POSIX shared memory maintenance access
3196
3197 **** TERMINAL DEVICES
3198
3199Terminal, or TTY devices are a special class of character devices. A
3200terminal device is any device that could act as a controlling terminal
3201for a session; this includes virtual consoles, serial ports, and
3202pseudoterminals (PTYs).
3203
3204All terminal devices share a common set of capabilities known as line
3205diciplines; these include the common terminal line dicipline as well
3206as SLIP and PPP modes.
3207
3208All terminal devices are named similarly; this section explains the
3209naming and use of the various types of TTYs. Note that the naming
3210conventions include several historical warts; some of these are
3211Linux-specific, some were inherited from other systems, and some
3212reflect Linux outgrowing a borrowed convention.
3213
3214A hash mark (#) in a device name is used here to indicate a decimal
3215number without leading zeroes.
3216
3217 Virtual consoles and the console device
3218
3219Virtual consoles are full-screen terminal displays on the system video
3220monitor. Virtual consoles are named /dev/tty#, with numbering
3221starting at /dev/tty1; /dev/tty0 is the current virtual console.
3222/dev/tty0 is the device that should be used to access the system video
3223card on those architectures for which the frame buffer devices
3224(/dev/fb*) are not applicable. Do not use /dev/console
3225for this purpose.
3226
3227The console device, /dev/console, is the device to which system
3228messages should be sent, and on which logins should be permitted in
3229single-user mode. Starting with Linux 2.1.71, /dev/console is managed
3230by the kernel; for previous versions it should be a symbolic link to
3231either /dev/tty0, a specific virtual console such as /dev/tty1, or to
3232a serial port primary (tty*, not cu*) device, depending on the
3233configuration of the system.
3234
3235 Serial ports
3236
3237Serial ports are RS-232 serial ports and any device which simulates
3238one, either in hardware (such as internal modems) or in software (such
3239as the ISDN driver.) Under Linux, each serial ports has two device
3240names, the primary or callin device and the alternate or callout one.
3241Each kind of device is indicated by a different letter. For any
3242letter X, the names of the devices are /dev/ttyX# and /dev/cux#,
3243respectively; for historical reasons, /dev/ttyS# and /dev/ttyC#
3244correspond to /dev/cua# and /dev/cub#. In the future, it should be
3245expected that multiple letters will be used; all letters will be upper
3246case for the "tty" device (e.g. /dev/ttyDP#) and lower case for the
3247"cu" device (e.g. /dev/cudp#).
3248
3249The names /dev/ttyQ# and /dev/cuq# are reserved for local use.
3250
3251The alternate devices provide for kernel-based exclusion and somewhat
3252different defaults than the primary devices. Their main purpose is to
3253allow the use of serial ports with programs with no inherent or broken
3254support for serial ports. Their use is deprecated, and they may be
3255removed from a future version of Linux.
3256
3257Arbitration of serial ports is provided by the use of lock files with
3258the names /var/lock/LCK..ttyX#. The contents of the lock file should
3259be the PID of the locking process as an ASCII number.
3260
3261It is common practice to install links such as /dev/modem
3262which point to serial ports. In order to ensure proper locking in the
3263presence of these links, it is recommended that software chase
3264symlinks and lock all possible names; additionally, it is recommended
3265that a lock file be installed with the corresponding alternate
3266device. In order to avoid deadlocks, it is recommended that the locks
3267are acquired in the following order, and released in the reverse:
3268
3269 1. The symbolic link name, if any (/var/lock/LCK..modem)
3270 2. The "tty" name (/var/lock/LCK..ttyS2)
3271 3. The alternate device name (/var/lock/LCK..cua2)
3272
3273In the case of nested symbolic links, the lock files should be
3274installed in the order the symlinks are resolved.
3275
3276Under no circumstances should an application hold a lock while waiting
3277for another to be released. In addition, applications which attempt
3278to create lock files for the corresponding alternate device names
3279should take into account the possibility of being used on a non-serial
3280port TTY, for which no alternate device would exist.
3281
3282 Pseudoterminals (PTYs)
3283
3284Pseudoterminals, or PTYs, are used to create login sessions or provide
3285other capabilities requiring a TTY line dicipline (including SLIP or
3286PPP capability) to arbitrary data-generation processes. Each PTY has
3287a master side, named /dev/pty[p-za-e][0-9a-f], and a slave side, named
3288/dev/tty[p-za-e][0-9a-f]. The kernel arbitrates the use of PTYs by
3289allowing each master side to be opened only once.
3290
3291Once the master side has been opened, the corresponding slave device
3292can be used in the same manner as any TTY device. The master and
3293slave devices are connected by the kernel, generating the equivalent
3294of a bidirectional pipe with TTY capabilities.
3295
3296Recent versions of the Linux kernels and GNU libc contain support for
3297the System V/Unix98 naming scheme for PTYs, which assigns a common
3298device, /dev/ptmx, to all the masters (opening it will automatically
3299give you a previously unassigned PTY) and a subdirectory, /dev/pts,
3300for the slaves; the slaves are named with decimal integers (/dev/pts/#
3301in our notation). This removes the problem of exhausting the
3302namespace and enables the kernel to automatically create the device
3303nodes for the slaves on demand using the "devpts" filesystem.
3304