src/compiler_llvm/method_compiler.cc

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2012 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include "method_compiler.h"

#include "backend_types.h"
#include "compilation_unit.h"
#include "compiler.h"
#include "inferred_reg_category_map.h"
#include "ir_builder.h"
#include "logging.h"
#include "oat_compilation_unit.h"
#include "object.h"
#include "object_utils.h"
#include "runtime_support_func.h"
#include "runtime_support_llvm.h"
#include "shadow_frame.h"
#include "stl_util.h"
#include "stringprintf.h"
#include "utils_llvm.h"
#include "verifier/method_verifier.h"

#include <iomanip>

#include <llvm/BasicBlock.h>
#include <llvm/Function.h>
#include <llvm/GlobalVariable.h>
#include <llvm/Intrinsics.h>

namespace art {
namespace compiler_llvm {

using namespace runtime_support;


MethodCompiler::MethodCompiler(CompilationUnit* cunit,
                               Compiler* compiler,
                               OatCompilationUnit* oat_compilation_unit)
  : cunit_(cunit), compiler_(compiler),
    class_linker_(oat_compilation_unit->class_linker_),
    class_loader_(oat_compilation_unit->class_loader_),
    dex_file_(oat_compilation_unit->dex_file_),
    dex_cache_(oat_compilation_unit->dex_cache_),
    code_item_(oat_compilation_unit->code_item_),
    oat_compilation_unit_(oat_compilation_unit),
    method_idx_(oat_compilation_unit->method_idx_),
    access_flags_(oat_compilation_unit->access_flags_),
    module_(cunit->GetModule()),
    context_(cunit->GetLLVMContext()),
    irb_(*cunit->GetIRBuilder()),
    func_(NULL),
    regs_(code_item_->registers_size_),
    reg_to_shadow_frame_index_(code_item_->registers_size_, -1),
    retval_reg_(NULL),
    basic_block_stack_overflow_(NULL),
    basic_block_alloca_(NULL), basic_block_shadow_frame_(NULL),
    basic_block_reg_arg_init_(NULL),
    basic_blocks_(code_item_->insns_size_in_code_units_),
    basic_block_landing_pads_(code_item_->tries_size_, NULL),
    basic_block_unwind_(NULL), basic_block_unreachable_(NULL),
    shadow_frame_(NULL), elf_func_idx_(cunit_->AcquireUniqueElfFuncIndex()) {
}


MethodCompiler::~MethodCompiler() {
  STLDeleteElements(&regs_);
}


void MethodCompiler::CreateFunction() {
  // LLVM function name
  std::string func_name(ElfFuncName(elf_func_idx_));

  // Get function type
  llvm::FunctionType* func_type =
    GetFunctionType(method_idx_, oat_compilation_unit_->IsStatic());

  // Create function
  func_ = llvm::Function::Create(func_type, llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage,
                                 func_name, module_);

#if !defined(NDEBUG)
  // Set argument name
  llvm::Function::arg_iterator arg_iter(func_->arg_begin());
  llvm::Function::arg_iterator arg_end(func_->arg_end());

  DCHECK_NE(arg_iter, arg_end);
  arg_iter->setName("method");
  ++arg_iter;

  if (!oat_compilation_unit_->IsStatic()) {
    DCHECK_NE(arg_iter, arg_end);
    arg_iter->setName("this");
    ++arg_iter;
  }

  for (unsigned i = 0; arg_iter != arg_end; ++i, ++arg_iter) {
    arg_iter->setName(StringPrintf("a%u", i));
  }
#endif
}


llvm::FunctionType* MethodCompiler::GetFunctionType(uint32_t method_idx,
                                                    bool is_static) {
  // Get method signature
  DexFile::MethodId const& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method_idx);

  uint32_t shorty_size;
  char const* shorty = dex_file_->GetMethodShorty(method_id, &shorty_size);
  CHECK_GE(shorty_size, 1u);

  // Get return type
  llvm::Type* ret_type = irb_.getJType(shorty[0], kAccurate);

  // Get argument type
  std::vector<llvm::Type*> args_type;

  args_type.push_back(irb_.getJObjectTy()); // method object pointer

  if (!is_static) {
    args_type.push_back(irb_.getJType('L', kAccurate)); // "this" object pointer
  }

  for (uint32_t i = 1; i < shorty_size; ++i) {
    args_type.push_back(irb_.getJType(shorty[i], kAccurate));
  }

  return llvm::FunctionType::get(ret_type, args_type, false);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitPrologue() {
  // Create basic blocks for prologue
#if !defined(NDEBUG)
  // Add a BasicBlock named as PrettyMethod for debugging.
  llvm::BasicBlock* entry =
    llvm::BasicBlock::Create(*context_, PrettyMethod(method_idx_, *dex_file_), func_);
#endif
  basic_block_alloca_ =
    llvm::BasicBlock::Create(*context_, "prologue.alloca", func_);

  basic_block_stack_overflow_ =
    llvm::BasicBlock::Create(*context_, "prologue.stack_overflow_check", func_);

  basic_block_shadow_frame_ =
    llvm::BasicBlock::Create(*context_, "prologue.shadowframe", func_);

  basic_block_reg_arg_init_ =
    llvm::BasicBlock::Create(*context_, "prologue.arginit", func_);

#if !defined(NDEBUG)
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(entry);
  irb_.CreateBr(basic_block_alloca_);
#endif

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(basic_block_alloca_);
  jvalue_temp_ = irb_.CreateAlloca(irb_.getJValueTy());

  // Create register array
  for (uint16_t r = 0; r < code_item_->registers_size_; ++r) {
    regs_[r] = DalvikReg::CreateLocalVarReg(*this, r);
  }

  retval_reg_.reset(DalvikReg::CreateRetValReg(*this));

  // Create Shadow Frame
  if (method_info_.need_shadow_frame) {
    EmitPrologueAllocShadowFrame();
  }

  // Store argument to dalvik register
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(basic_block_reg_arg_init_);
  EmitPrologueAssignArgRegister();

  // Branch to start address
  irb_.CreateBr(GetBasicBlock(0));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitStackOverflowCheck() {
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(basic_block_stack_overflow_);

  // Call llvm intrinsic function to get frame address.
  llvm::Function* frameaddress =
      llvm::Intrinsic::getDeclaration(module_, llvm::Intrinsic::frameaddress);

  // The type of llvm::frameaddress is: i8* @llvm.frameaddress(i32)
  llvm::Value* frame_address = irb_.CreateCall(frameaddress, irb_.getInt32(0));

  // Cast i8* to int
  frame_address = irb_.CreatePtrToInt(frame_address, irb_.getPtrEquivIntTy());

  // Get thread.stack_end_
  llvm::Value* thread_object_addr =
    irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(GetCurrentThread));

  llvm::Value* stack_end =
    irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(thread_object_addr,
                              Thread::StackEndOffset().Int32Value(),
                              irb_.getPtrEquivIntTy(),
                              kTBAARuntimeInfo);

  // Check the frame address < thread.stack_end_ ?
  llvm::Value* is_stack_overflow = irb_.CreateICmpULT(frame_address, stack_end);

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_exception =
      llvm::BasicBlock::Create(*context_, "stack_overflow", func_);

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_continue =
      llvm::BasicBlock::Create(*context_, "stack_overflow_cont", func_);

  irb_.CreateCondBr(is_stack_overflow, block_exception, block_continue, kUnlikely);

  // If stack overflow, throw exception.
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_exception);
  irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(ThrowStackOverflowException));

  // Unwind.
  char ret_shorty = oat_compilation_unit_->GetShorty()[0];
  if (ret_shorty == 'V') {
    irb_.CreateRetVoid();
  } else {
    irb_.CreateRet(irb_.getJZero(ret_shorty));
  }

  basic_block_stack_overflow_ = block_continue;
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitPrologueLastBranch() {
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(basic_block_alloca_);
  irb_.CreateBr(basic_block_stack_overflow_);

  // If a method will not call to other method, and the method is small, we can avoid stack overflow
  // check.
  if (method_info_.has_invoke ||
      code_item_->registers_size_ > 32) {  // Small leaf function is OK given
                                           // the 8KB reserved at Stack End
    EmitStackOverflowCheck();
  }

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(basic_block_stack_overflow_);
  irb_.CreateBr(basic_block_shadow_frame_);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(basic_block_shadow_frame_);
  irb_.CreateBr(basic_block_reg_arg_init_);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitPrologueAllocShadowFrame() {
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(basic_block_alloca_);

  // Allocate the shadow frame now!
  uint32_t sirt_size = 0;
  if (method_info_.need_shadow_frame_entry) {
    for (uint32_t i = 0, num_of_regs = code_item_->registers_size_; i < num_of_regs; ++i) {
      if (IsRegCanBeObject(i)) {
        reg_to_shadow_frame_index_[i] = sirt_size++;
      }
    }
  }

  llvm::StructType* shadow_frame_type = irb_.getShadowFrameTy(sirt_size);
  shadow_frame_ = irb_.CreateAlloca(shadow_frame_type);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(basic_block_shadow_frame_);

  // Zero-initialization of the shadow frame table
  llvm::Value* shadow_frame_table = irb_.CreateConstGEP2_32(shadow_frame_, 0, 1);
  llvm::Type* table_type = shadow_frame_type->getElementType(1);

  llvm::ConstantAggregateZero* zero_initializer =
    llvm::ConstantAggregateZero::get(table_type);

  irb_.CreateStore(zero_initializer, shadow_frame_table, kTBAAShadowFrame);

  // Get method object
  llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

  // Store the method pointer
  irb_.StoreToObjectOffset(shadow_frame_,
                           ShadowFrame::MethodOffset(),
                           method_object_addr,
                           kTBAAShadowFrame);

  // Store the number of the pointer slots
  irb_.StoreToObjectOffset(shadow_frame_,
                           ShadowFrame::NumberOfReferencesOffset(),
                           irb_.getJInt(sirt_size),
                           kTBAAShadowFrame);

  // Push the shadow frame
  llvm::Value* shadow_frame_upcast =
    irb_.CreateConstGEP2_32(shadow_frame_, 0, 0);

  irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(PushShadowFrame), shadow_frame_upcast);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitPrologueAssignArgRegister() {
  uint16_t arg_reg = code_item_->registers_size_ - code_item_->ins_size_;

  llvm::Function::arg_iterator arg_iter(func_->arg_begin());
  llvm::Function::arg_iterator arg_end(func_->arg_end());

  uint32_t shorty_size = 0;
  char const* shorty = oat_compilation_unit_->GetShorty(&shorty_size);
  CHECK_GE(shorty_size, 1u);

  ++arg_iter; // skip method object

  if (!oat_compilation_unit_->IsStatic()) {
    EmitStoreDalvikReg(arg_reg, kObject, kAccurate, arg_iter);
    ++arg_iter;
    ++arg_reg;
  }

  for (uint32_t i = 1; i < shorty_size; ++i, ++arg_iter) {
    EmitStoreDalvikReg(arg_reg, shorty[i], kAccurate, arg_iter);

    ++arg_reg;
    if (shorty[i] == 'J' || shorty[i] == 'D') {
      // Wide types, such as long and double, are using a pair of registers
      // to store the value, so we have to increase arg_reg again.
      ++arg_reg;
    }
  }

  DCHECK_EQ(arg_end, arg_iter);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInstructions() {
  uint32_t dex_pc = 0;
  while (dex_pc < code_item_->insns_size_in_code_units_) {
    Instruction const* insn = Instruction::At(code_item_->insns_ + dex_pc);
    EmitInstruction(dex_pc, insn);
    dex_pc += insn->SizeInCodeUnits();
  }
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInstruction(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                     Instruction const* insn) {

  // Set the IRBuilder insertion point
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(GetBasicBlock(dex_pc));

#define ARGS dex_pc, insn

  // Dispatch the instruction
  switch (insn->Opcode()) {
  case Instruction::NOP:
    EmitInsn_Nop(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::MOVE:
  case Instruction::MOVE_FROM16:
  case Instruction::MOVE_16:
    EmitInsn_Move(ARGS, kInt);
    break;

  case Instruction::MOVE_WIDE:
  case Instruction::MOVE_WIDE_FROM16:
  case Instruction::MOVE_WIDE_16:
    EmitInsn_Move(ARGS, kLong);
    break;

  case Instruction::MOVE_OBJECT:
  case Instruction::MOVE_OBJECT_FROM16:
  case Instruction::MOVE_OBJECT_16:
    EmitInsn_Move(ARGS, kObject);
    break;

  case Instruction::MOVE_RESULT:
    EmitInsn_MoveResult(ARGS, kInt);
    break;

  case Instruction::MOVE_RESULT_WIDE:
    EmitInsn_MoveResult(ARGS, kLong);
    break;

  case Instruction::MOVE_RESULT_OBJECT:
    EmitInsn_MoveResult(ARGS, kObject);
    break;

  case Instruction::MOVE_EXCEPTION:
    EmitInsn_MoveException(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::RETURN_VOID:
    EmitInsn_ReturnVoid(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::RETURN:
  case Instruction::RETURN_WIDE:
  case Instruction::RETURN_OBJECT:
    EmitInsn_Return(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::CONST_4:
  case Instruction::CONST_16:
  case Instruction::CONST:
  case Instruction::CONST_HIGH16:
    EmitInsn_LoadConstant(ARGS, kInt);
    break;

  case Instruction::CONST_WIDE_16:
  case Instruction::CONST_WIDE_32:
  case Instruction::CONST_WIDE:
  case Instruction::CONST_WIDE_HIGH16:
    EmitInsn_LoadConstant(ARGS, kLong);
    break;

  case Instruction::CONST_STRING:
  case Instruction::CONST_STRING_JUMBO:
    EmitInsn_LoadConstantString(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::CONST_CLASS:
    EmitInsn_LoadConstantClass(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::MONITOR_ENTER:
    EmitInsn_MonitorEnter(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::MONITOR_EXIT:
    EmitInsn_MonitorExit(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::CHECK_CAST:
    EmitInsn_CheckCast(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::INSTANCE_OF:
    EmitInsn_InstanceOf(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::ARRAY_LENGTH:
    EmitInsn_ArrayLength(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::NEW_INSTANCE:
    EmitInsn_NewInstance(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::NEW_ARRAY:
    EmitInsn_NewArray(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::FILLED_NEW_ARRAY:
    EmitInsn_FilledNewArray(ARGS, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::FILLED_NEW_ARRAY_RANGE:
    EmitInsn_FilledNewArray(ARGS, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::FILL_ARRAY_DATA:
    EmitInsn_FillArrayData(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::THROW:
    EmitInsn_ThrowException(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::GOTO:
  case Instruction::GOTO_16:
  case Instruction::GOTO_32:
    EmitInsn_UnconditionalBranch(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::PACKED_SWITCH:
    EmitInsn_PackedSwitch(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::SPARSE_SWITCH:
    EmitInsn_SparseSwitch(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::CMPL_FLOAT:
    EmitInsn_FPCompare(ARGS, kFloat, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::CMPG_FLOAT:
    EmitInsn_FPCompare(ARGS, kFloat, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::CMPL_DOUBLE:
    EmitInsn_FPCompare(ARGS, kDouble, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::CMPG_DOUBLE:
    EmitInsn_FPCompare(ARGS, kDouble, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::CMP_LONG:
    EmitInsn_LongCompare(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::IF_EQ:
    EmitInsn_BinaryConditionalBranch(ARGS, kCondBranch_EQ);
    break;

  case Instruction::IF_NE:
    EmitInsn_BinaryConditionalBranch(ARGS, kCondBranch_NE);
    break;

  case Instruction::IF_LT:
    EmitInsn_BinaryConditionalBranch(ARGS, kCondBranch_LT);
    break;

  case Instruction::IF_GE:
    EmitInsn_BinaryConditionalBranch(ARGS, kCondBranch_GE);
    break;

  case Instruction::IF_GT:
    EmitInsn_BinaryConditionalBranch(ARGS, kCondBranch_GT);
    break;

  case Instruction::IF_LE:
    EmitInsn_BinaryConditionalBranch(ARGS, kCondBranch_LE);
    break;

  case Instruction::IF_EQZ:
    EmitInsn_UnaryConditionalBranch(ARGS, kCondBranch_EQ);
    break;

  case Instruction::IF_NEZ:
    EmitInsn_UnaryConditionalBranch(ARGS, kCondBranch_NE);
    break;

  case Instruction::IF_LTZ:
    EmitInsn_UnaryConditionalBranch(ARGS, kCondBranch_LT);
    break;

  case Instruction::IF_GEZ:
    EmitInsn_UnaryConditionalBranch(ARGS, kCondBranch_GE);
    break;

  case Instruction::IF_GTZ:
    EmitInsn_UnaryConditionalBranch(ARGS, kCondBranch_GT);
    break;

  case Instruction::IF_LEZ:
    EmitInsn_UnaryConditionalBranch(ARGS, kCondBranch_LE);
    break;

  case Instruction::AGET:
    EmitInsn_AGet(ARGS, kInt);
    break;

  case Instruction::AGET_WIDE:
    EmitInsn_AGet(ARGS, kLong);
    break;

  case Instruction::AGET_OBJECT:
    EmitInsn_AGet(ARGS, kObject);
    break;

  case Instruction::AGET_BOOLEAN:
    EmitInsn_AGet(ARGS, kBoolean);
    break;

  case Instruction::AGET_BYTE:
    EmitInsn_AGet(ARGS, kByte);
    break;

  case Instruction::AGET_CHAR:
    EmitInsn_AGet(ARGS, kChar);
    break;

  case Instruction::AGET_SHORT:
    EmitInsn_AGet(ARGS, kShort);
    break;

  case Instruction::APUT:
    EmitInsn_APut(ARGS, kInt);
    break;

  case Instruction::APUT_WIDE:
    EmitInsn_APut(ARGS, kLong);
    break;

  case Instruction::APUT_OBJECT:
    EmitInsn_APut(ARGS, kObject);
    break;

  case Instruction::APUT_BOOLEAN:
    EmitInsn_APut(ARGS, kBoolean);
    break;

  case Instruction::APUT_BYTE:
    EmitInsn_APut(ARGS, kByte);
    break;

  case Instruction::APUT_CHAR:
    EmitInsn_APut(ARGS, kChar);
    break;

  case Instruction::APUT_SHORT:
    EmitInsn_APut(ARGS, kShort);
    break;

  case Instruction::IGET:
    EmitInsn_IGet(ARGS, kInt);
    break;

  case Instruction::IGET_WIDE:
    EmitInsn_IGet(ARGS, kLong);
    break;

  case Instruction::IGET_OBJECT:
    EmitInsn_IGet(ARGS, kObject);
    break;

  case Instruction::IGET_BOOLEAN:
    EmitInsn_IGet(ARGS, kBoolean);
    break;

  case Instruction::IGET_BYTE:
    EmitInsn_IGet(ARGS, kByte);
    break;

  case Instruction::IGET_CHAR:
    EmitInsn_IGet(ARGS, kChar);
    break;

  case Instruction::IGET_SHORT:
    EmitInsn_IGet(ARGS, kShort);
    break;

  case Instruction::IPUT:
    EmitInsn_IPut(ARGS, kInt);
    break;

  case Instruction::IPUT_WIDE:
    EmitInsn_IPut(ARGS, kLong);
    break;

  case Instruction::IPUT_OBJECT:
    EmitInsn_IPut(ARGS, kObject);
    break;

  case Instruction::IPUT_BOOLEAN:
    EmitInsn_IPut(ARGS, kBoolean);
    break;

  case Instruction::IPUT_BYTE:
    EmitInsn_IPut(ARGS, kByte);
    break;

  case Instruction::IPUT_CHAR:
    EmitInsn_IPut(ARGS, kChar);
    break;

  case Instruction::IPUT_SHORT:
    EmitInsn_IPut(ARGS, kShort);
    break;

  case Instruction::SGET:
    EmitInsn_SGet(ARGS, kInt);
    break;

  case Instruction::SGET_WIDE:
    EmitInsn_SGet(ARGS, kLong);
    break;

  case Instruction::SGET_OBJECT:
    EmitInsn_SGet(ARGS, kObject);
    break;

  case Instruction::SGET_BOOLEAN:
    EmitInsn_SGet(ARGS, kBoolean);
    break;

  case Instruction::SGET_BYTE:
    EmitInsn_SGet(ARGS, kByte);
    break;

  case Instruction::SGET_CHAR:
    EmitInsn_SGet(ARGS, kChar);
    break;

  case Instruction::SGET_SHORT:
    EmitInsn_SGet(ARGS, kShort);
    break;

  case Instruction::SPUT:
    EmitInsn_SPut(ARGS, kInt);
    break;

  case Instruction::SPUT_WIDE:
    EmitInsn_SPut(ARGS, kLong);
    break;

  case Instruction::SPUT_OBJECT:
    EmitInsn_SPut(ARGS, kObject);
    break;

  case Instruction::SPUT_BOOLEAN:
    EmitInsn_SPut(ARGS, kBoolean);
    break;

  case Instruction::SPUT_BYTE:
    EmitInsn_SPut(ARGS, kByte);
    break;

  case Instruction::SPUT_CHAR:
    EmitInsn_SPut(ARGS, kChar);
    break;

  case Instruction::SPUT_SHORT:
    EmitInsn_SPut(ARGS, kShort);
    break;


  case Instruction::INVOKE_VIRTUAL:
    EmitInsn_Invoke(ARGS, kVirtual, kArgReg);
    break;

  case Instruction::INVOKE_SUPER:
    EmitInsn_Invoke(ARGS, kSuper, kArgReg);
    break;

  case Instruction::INVOKE_DIRECT:
    EmitInsn_Invoke(ARGS, kDirect, kArgReg);
    break;

  case Instruction::INVOKE_STATIC:
    EmitInsn_Invoke(ARGS, kStatic, kArgReg);
    break;

  case Instruction::INVOKE_INTERFACE:
    EmitInsn_Invoke(ARGS, kInterface, kArgReg);
    break;

  case Instruction::INVOKE_VIRTUAL_RANGE:
    EmitInsn_Invoke(ARGS, kVirtual, kArgRange);
    break;

  case Instruction::INVOKE_SUPER_RANGE:
    EmitInsn_Invoke(ARGS, kSuper, kArgRange);
    break;

  case Instruction::INVOKE_DIRECT_RANGE:
    EmitInsn_Invoke(ARGS, kDirect, kArgRange);
    break;

  case Instruction::INVOKE_STATIC_RANGE:
    EmitInsn_Invoke(ARGS, kStatic, kArgRange);
    break;

  case Instruction::INVOKE_INTERFACE_RANGE:
    EmitInsn_Invoke(ARGS, kInterface, kArgRange);
    break;

  case Instruction::NEG_INT:
    EmitInsn_Neg(ARGS, kInt);
    break;

  case Instruction::NOT_INT:
    EmitInsn_Not(ARGS, kInt);
    break;

  case Instruction::NEG_LONG:
    EmitInsn_Neg(ARGS, kLong);
    break;

  case Instruction::NOT_LONG:
    EmitInsn_Not(ARGS, kLong);
    break;

  case Instruction::NEG_FLOAT:
    EmitInsn_FNeg(ARGS, kFloat);
    break;

  case Instruction::NEG_DOUBLE:
    EmitInsn_FNeg(ARGS, kDouble);
    break;

  case Instruction::INT_TO_LONG:
    EmitInsn_SExt(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::INT_TO_FLOAT:
    EmitInsn_IntToFP(ARGS, kInt, kFloat);
    break;

  case Instruction::INT_TO_DOUBLE:
    EmitInsn_IntToFP(ARGS, kInt, kDouble);
    break;

  case Instruction::LONG_TO_INT:
    EmitInsn_Trunc(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::LONG_TO_FLOAT:
    EmitInsn_IntToFP(ARGS, kLong, kFloat);
    break;

  case Instruction::LONG_TO_DOUBLE:
    EmitInsn_IntToFP(ARGS, kLong, kDouble);
    break;

  case Instruction::FLOAT_TO_INT:
    EmitInsn_FPToInt(ARGS, kFloat, kInt, art_f2i);
    break;

  case Instruction::FLOAT_TO_LONG:
    EmitInsn_FPToInt(ARGS, kFloat, kLong, art_f2l);
    break;

  case Instruction::FLOAT_TO_DOUBLE:
    EmitInsn_FExt(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::DOUBLE_TO_INT:
    EmitInsn_FPToInt(ARGS, kDouble, kInt, art_d2i);
    break;

  case Instruction::DOUBLE_TO_LONG:
    EmitInsn_FPToInt(ARGS, kDouble, kLong, art_d2l);
    break;

  case Instruction::DOUBLE_TO_FLOAT:
    EmitInsn_FTrunc(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::INT_TO_BYTE:
    EmitInsn_TruncAndSExt(ARGS, 8);
    break;

  case Instruction::INT_TO_CHAR:
    EmitInsn_TruncAndZExt(ARGS, 16);
    break;

  case Instruction::INT_TO_SHORT:
    EmitInsn_TruncAndSExt(ARGS, 16);
    break;

  case Instruction::ADD_INT:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Add, kInt, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::SUB_INT:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Sub, kInt, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::MUL_INT:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Mul, kInt, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::DIV_INT:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Div, kInt, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::REM_INT:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Rem, kInt, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::AND_INT:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_And, kInt, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::OR_INT:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Or, kInt, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::XOR_INT:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Xor, kInt, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::SHL_INT:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Shl, kInt, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::SHR_INT:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Shr, kInt, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::USHR_INT:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_UShr, kInt, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::ADD_LONG:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Add, kLong, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::SUB_LONG:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Sub, kLong, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::MUL_LONG:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Mul, kLong, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::DIV_LONG:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Div, kLong, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::REM_LONG:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Rem, kLong, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::AND_LONG:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_And, kLong, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::OR_LONG:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Or, kLong, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::XOR_LONG:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Xor, kLong, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::SHL_LONG:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Shl, kLong, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::SHR_LONG:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Shr, kLong, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::USHR_LONG:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_UShr, kLong, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::ADD_FLOAT:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Add, kFloat, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::SUB_FLOAT:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Sub, kFloat, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::MUL_FLOAT:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Mul, kFloat, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::DIV_FLOAT:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Div, kFloat, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::REM_FLOAT:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Rem, kFloat, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::ADD_DOUBLE:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Add, kDouble, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::SUB_DOUBLE:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Sub, kDouble, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::MUL_DOUBLE:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Mul, kDouble, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::DIV_DOUBLE:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Div, kDouble, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::REM_DOUBLE:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Rem, kDouble, false);
    break;

  case Instruction::ADD_INT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Add, kInt, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::SUB_INT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Sub, kInt, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::MUL_INT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Mul, kInt, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::DIV_INT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Div, kInt, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::REM_INT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Rem, kInt, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::AND_INT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_And, kInt, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::OR_INT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Or, kInt, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::XOR_INT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Xor, kInt, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::SHL_INT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Shl, kInt, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::SHR_INT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Shr, kInt, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::USHR_INT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_UShr, kInt, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::ADD_LONG_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Add, kLong, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::SUB_LONG_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Sub, kLong, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::MUL_LONG_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Mul, kLong, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::DIV_LONG_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Div, kLong, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::REM_LONG_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Rem, kLong, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::AND_LONG_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_And, kLong, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::OR_LONG_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Or, kLong, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::XOR_LONG_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Xor, kLong, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::SHL_LONG_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Shl, kLong, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::SHR_LONG_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_Shr, kLong, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::USHR_LONG_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(ARGS, kIntArithm_UShr, kLong, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::ADD_FLOAT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Add, kFloat, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::SUB_FLOAT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Sub, kFloat, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::MUL_FLOAT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Mul, kFloat, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::DIV_FLOAT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Div, kFloat, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::REM_FLOAT_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Rem, kFloat, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::ADD_DOUBLE_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Add, kDouble, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::SUB_DOUBLE_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Sub, kDouble, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::MUL_DOUBLE_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Mul, kDouble, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::DIV_DOUBLE_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Div, kDouble, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::REM_DOUBLE_2ADDR:
    EmitInsn_FPArithm(ARGS, kFPArithm_Rem, kDouble, true);
    break;

  case Instruction::ADD_INT_LIT16:
  case Instruction::ADD_INT_LIT8:
    EmitInsn_IntArithmImmediate(ARGS, kIntArithm_Add);
    break;

  case Instruction::RSUB_INT:
  case Instruction::RSUB_INT_LIT8:
    EmitInsn_RSubImmediate(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::MUL_INT_LIT16:
  case Instruction::MUL_INT_LIT8:
    EmitInsn_IntArithmImmediate(ARGS, kIntArithm_Mul);
    break;

  case Instruction::DIV_INT_LIT16:
  case Instruction::DIV_INT_LIT8:
    EmitInsn_IntArithmImmediate(ARGS, kIntArithm_Div);
    break;

  case Instruction::REM_INT_LIT16:
  case Instruction::REM_INT_LIT8:
    EmitInsn_IntArithmImmediate(ARGS, kIntArithm_Rem);
    break;

  case Instruction::AND_INT_LIT16:
  case Instruction::AND_INT_LIT8:
    EmitInsn_IntArithmImmediate(ARGS, kIntArithm_And);
    break;

  case Instruction::OR_INT_LIT16:
  case Instruction::OR_INT_LIT8:
    EmitInsn_IntArithmImmediate(ARGS, kIntArithm_Or);
    break;

  case Instruction::XOR_INT_LIT16:
  case Instruction::XOR_INT_LIT8:
    EmitInsn_IntArithmImmediate(ARGS, kIntArithm_Xor);
    break;

  case Instruction::SHL_INT_LIT8:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithmImmediate(ARGS, kIntArithm_Shl);
    break;

  case Instruction::SHR_INT_LIT8:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithmImmediate(ARGS, kIntArithm_Shr);
    break;

  case Instruction::USHR_INT_LIT8:
    EmitInsn_IntShiftArithmImmediate(ARGS, kIntArithm_UShr);
    break;

  case Instruction::THROW_VERIFICATION_ERROR:
    EmitInsn_ThrowVerificationError(ARGS);
    break;

  case Instruction::UNUSED_3E:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_3F:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_40:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_41:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_42:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_43:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_73:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_79:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_7A:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_E3:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_E4:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_E5:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_E6:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_E7:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_E8:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_E9:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_EA:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_EB:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_EC:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_EE:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_EF:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_F0:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_F1:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_F2:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_F3:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_F4:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_F5:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_F6:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_F7:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_F8:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_F9:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_FA:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_FB:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_FC:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_FD:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_FE:
  case Instruction::UNUSED_FF:
    LOG(FATAL) << "Dex file contains UNUSED bytecode: " << insn->Opcode();
    break;
  }

#undef ARGS
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_Nop(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                  Instruction const* insn) {

  uint16_t insn_signature = code_item_->insns_[dex_pc];

  if (insn_signature == Instruction::kPackedSwitchSignature ||
      insn_signature == Instruction::kSparseSwitchSignature ||
      insn_signature == Instruction::kArrayDataSignature) {
    irb_.CreateUnreachable();
  } else {
    irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
  }
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_Move(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                   Instruction const* insn,
                                   JType jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, jty, kReg);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, jty, kReg, src_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_MoveResult(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                         Instruction const* insn,
                                         JType jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikRetValReg(jty, kReg);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, jty, kReg, src_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_MoveException(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                            Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  // Get thread
  llvm::Value* thread_object_addr =
    irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(GetCurrentThread));

  // Get thread-local exception field address
  llvm::Value* exception_object_addr =
    irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(thread_object_addr,
                              Thread::ExceptionOffset().Int32Value(),
                              irb_.getJObjectTy(),
                              kTBAAJRuntime);

  // Set thread-local exception field address to NULL
  irb_.StoreToObjectOffset(thread_object_addr,
                           Thread::ExceptionOffset().Int32Value(),
                           irb_.getJNull(),
                           kTBAAJRuntime);

  // Keep the exception object in the Dalvik register
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate, exception_object_addr);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_ThrowException(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                             Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* exception_addr =
    EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate);

  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

  irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(ThrowException), exception_addr);

  EmitBranchExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_ThrowVerificationError(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                     Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

  llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();
  llvm::Value* kind_value = irb_.getInt32(dec_insn.vA);
  llvm::Value* ref_value = irb_.getInt32(dec_insn.vB);

  irb_.CreateCall3(irb_.GetRuntime(ThrowVerificationError),
                   method_object_addr, kind_value, ref_value);

  EmitBranchExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_ReturnVoid(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                         Instruction const* insn) {
  // Garbage collection safe-point
  EmitGuard_GarbageCollectionSuspend(dex_pc);

  // Pop the shadow frame
  EmitPopShadowFrame();

  // Return!
  irb_.CreateRetVoid();
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_Return(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                     Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  // Garbage collection safe-point
  EmitGuard_GarbageCollectionSuspend(dex_pc);

  // Pop the shadow frame
  EmitPopShadowFrame();
  // NOTE: It is important to keep this AFTER the GC safe-point.  Otherwise,
  // the return value might be collected since the shadow stack is popped.

  // Return!
  char ret_shorty = oat_compilation_unit_->GetShorty()[0];
  llvm::Value* retval = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, ret_shorty, kAccurate);

  irb_.CreateRet(retval);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_LoadConstant(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                           Instruction const* insn,
                                           JType imm_jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  DCHECK(imm_jty == kInt || imm_jty == kLong) << imm_jty;

  int64_t imm = 0;

  switch (insn->Opcode()) {
  // 32-bit Immediate
  case Instruction::CONST_4:
  case Instruction::CONST_16:
  case Instruction::CONST:
  case Instruction::CONST_WIDE_16:
  case Instruction::CONST_WIDE_32:
    imm = static_cast<int64_t>(static_cast<int32_t>(dec_insn.vB));
    break;

  case Instruction::CONST_HIGH16:
    imm = static_cast<int64_t>(static_cast<int32_t>(
          static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<uint16_t>(dec_insn.vB)) << 16));
    break;

  // 64-bit Immediate
  case Instruction::CONST_WIDE:
    imm = static_cast<int64_t>(dec_insn.vB_wide);
    break;

  case Instruction::CONST_WIDE_HIGH16:
    imm = static_cast<int64_t>(
          static_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<uint16_t>(dec_insn.vB)) << 48);
    break;

  // Unknown opcode for load constant (unreachable)
  default:
    LOG(FATAL) << "Unknown opcode for load constant: " << insn->Opcode();
    break;
  }

  // Store the non-object register
  llvm::Type* imm_type = irb_.getJType(imm_jty, kAccurate);
  llvm::Constant* imm_value = llvm::ConstantInt::getSigned(imm_type, imm);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, imm_jty, kAccurate, imm_value);

  // Store the object register if it is possible to be null.
  if (imm_jty == kInt && imm == 0) {
    EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate, irb_.getJNull());
  }

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_LoadConstantString(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                 Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  uint32_t string_idx = dec_insn.vB;

  llvm::Value* string_field_addr = EmitLoadDexCacheStringFieldAddr(string_idx);

  llvm::Value* string_addr = irb_.CreateLoad(string_field_addr, kTBAAJRuntime);

  if (!compiler_->CanAssumeStringIsPresentInDexCache(dex_cache_, string_idx)) {
    llvm::BasicBlock* block_str_exist =
      CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "str_exist");

    llvm::BasicBlock* block_str_resolve =
      CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "str_resolve");

    // Test: Is the string resolved and in the dex cache?
    llvm::Value* equal_null = irb_.CreateICmpEQ(string_addr, irb_.getJNull());

    irb_.CreateCondBr(equal_null, block_str_resolve, block_str_exist, kUnlikely);

    // String is resolved, go to next basic block.
    irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_str_exist);
    EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate, string_addr);
    irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));

    // String is not resolved yet, resolve it now.
    irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_str_resolve);

    llvm::Function* runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(ResolveString);

    llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

    llvm::Value* string_idx_value = irb_.getInt32(string_idx);

    EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

    string_addr = irb_.CreateCall2(runtime_func, method_object_addr,
                                   string_idx_value);

    EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);
  }

  // Store the string object to the Dalvik register
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate, string_addr);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::EmitLoadConstantClass(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                   uint32_t type_idx) {
  if (!compiler_->CanAccessTypeWithoutChecks(method_idx_, dex_cache_,
                                             *dex_file_, type_idx)) {
    llvm::Value* type_idx_value = irb_.getInt32(type_idx);

    llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

    llvm::Value* thread_object_addr = irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(GetCurrentThread));

    llvm::Function* runtime_func =
      irb_.GetRuntime(InitializeTypeAndVerifyAccess);

    EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

    llvm::Value* type_object_addr =
      irb_.CreateCall3(runtime_func, type_idx_value, method_object_addr, thread_object_addr);

    EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

    return type_object_addr;

  } else {
    // Try to load the class (type) object from the test cache.
    llvm::Value* type_field_addr =
      EmitLoadDexCacheResolvedTypeFieldAddr(type_idx);

    llvm::Value* type_object_addr = irb_.CreateLoad(type_field_addr, kTBAAJRuntime);

    if (compiler_->CanAssumeTypeIsPresentInDexCache(dex_cache_, type_idx)) {
      return type_object_addr;
    }

    llvm::BasicBlock* block_original = irb_.GetInsertBlock();

    // Test whether class (type) object is in the dex cache or not
    llvm::Value* equal_null =
      irb_.CreateICmpEQ(type_object_addr, irb_.getJNull());

    llvm::BasicBlock* block_cont =
      CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "cont");

    llvm::BasicBlock* block_load_class =
      CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "load_class");

    irb_.CreateCondBr(equal_null, block_load_class, block_cont, kUnlikely);

    // Failback routine to load the class object
    irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_load_class);

    llvm::Function* runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(InitializeType);

    llvm::Constant* type_idx_value = irb_.getInt32(type_idx);

    llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

    llvm::Value* thread_object_addr = irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(GetCurrentThread));

    EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

    llvm::Value* loaded_type_object_addr =
      irb_.CreateCall3(runtime_func, type_idx_value, method_object_addr, thread_object_addr);

    EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

    llvm::BasicBlock* block_after_load_class = irb_.GetInsertBlock();

    irb_.CreateBr(block_cont);

    // Now the class object must be loaded
    irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_cont);

    llvm::PHINode* phi = irb_.CreatePHI(irb_.getJObjectTy(), 2);

    phi->addIncoming(type_object_addr, block_original);
    phi->addIncoming(loaded_type_object_addr, block_after_load_class);

    return phi;
  }
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_LoadConstantClass(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* type_object_addr = EmitLoadConstantClass(dex_pc, dec_insn.vB);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate, type_object_addr);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_MonitorEnter(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                           Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* object_addr =
    EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate);

  if (!(method_info_.this_will_not_be_null && dec_insn.vA == method_info_.this_reg_idx)) {
    EmitGuard_NullPointerException(dex_pc, object_addr);
  }

  llvm::Value* thread_object_addr = irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(GetCurrentThread));

  irb_.CreateCall2(irb_.GetRuntime(LockObject), object_addr, thread_object_addr);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_MonitorExit(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                          Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* object_addr =
    EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate);

  if (!(method_info_.this_will_not_be_null && dec_insn.vA == method_info_.this_reg_idx)) {
    EmitGuard_NullPointerException(dex_pc, object_addr);
  }

  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

  llvm::Value* thread_object_addr = irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(GetCurrentThread));

  irb_.CreateCall2(irb_.GetRuntime(UnlockObject), object_addr, thread_object_addr);
  EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_CheckCast(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                        Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_test_class =
    CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "test_class");

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_test_sub_class =
    CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "test_sub_class");

  llvm::Value* object_addr =
    EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate);

  // Test: Is the reference equal to null?  Act as no-op when it is null.
  llvm::Value* equal_null = irb_.CreateICmpEQ(object_addr, irb_.getJNull());

  irb_.CreateCondBr(equal_null,
                    GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc),
                    block_test_class);

  // Test: Is the object instantiated from the given class?
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_test_class);
  llvm::Value* type_object_addr = EmitLoadConstantClass(dex_pc, dec_insn.vB);
  DCHECK_EQ(Object::ClassOffset().Int32Value(), 0);

  llvm::PointerType* jobject_ptr_ty = irb_.getJObjectTy();

  llvm::Value* object_type_field_addr =
    irb_.CreateBitCast(object_addr, jobject_ptr_ty->getPointerTo());

  llvm::Value* object_type_object_addr =
    irb_.CreateLoad(object_type_field_addr, kTBAAConstJObject);

  llvm::Value* equal_class =
    irb_.CreateICmpEQ(type_object_addr, object_type_object_addr);

  irb_.CreateCondBr(equal_class,
                    GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc),
                    block_test_sub_class);

  // Test: Is the object instantiated from the subclass of the given class?
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_test_sub_class);

  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

  irb_.CreateCall2(irb_.GetRuntime(CheckCast),
                   type_object_addr, object_type_object_addr);

  EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_InstanceOf(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                         Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Constant* zero = irb_.getJInt(0);
  llvm::Constant* one = irb_.getJInt(1);

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_nullp = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "nullp");

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_test_class =
    CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "test_class");

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_class_equals =
    CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "class_eq");

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_test_sub_class =
    CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "test_sub_class");

  llvm::Value* object_addr =
    EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kObject, kAccurate);

  // Overview of the following code :
  // We check for null, if so, then false, otherwise check for class == . If so
  // then true, otherwise do callout slowpath.
  //
  // Test: Is the reference equal to null?  Set 0 when it is null.
  llvm::Value* equal_null = irb_.CreateICmpEQ(object_addr, irb_.getJNull());

  irb_.CreateCondBr(equal_null, block_nullp, block_test_class);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_nullp);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate, zero);
  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));

  // Test: Is the object instantiated from the given class?
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_test_class);
  llvm::Value* type_object_addr = EmitLoadConstantClass(dex_pc, dec_insn.vC);
  DCHECK_EQ(Object::ClassOffset().Int32Value(), 0);

  llvm::PointerType* jobject_ptr_ty = irb_.getJObjectTy();

  llvm::Value* object_type_field_addr =
    irb_.CreateBitCast(object_addr, jobject_ptr_ty->getPointerTo());

  llvm::Value* object_type_object_addr =
    irb_.CreateLoad(object_type_field_addr, kTBAAConstJObject);

  llvm::Value* equal_class =
    irb_.CreateICmpEQ(type_object_addr, object_type_object_addr);

  irb_.CreateCondBr(equal_class, block_class_equals, block_test_sub_class);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_class_equals);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate, one);
  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));

  // Test: Is the object instantiated from the subclass of the given class?
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_test_sub_class);

  llvm::Value* result =
    irb_.CreateCall2(irb_.GetRuntime(IsAssignable),
                     type_object_addr, object_type_object_addr);

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate, result);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::EmitLoadArrayLength(llvm::Value* array) {
  // Load array length
  return irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(array,
                                   Array::LengthOffset().Int32Value(),
                                   irb_.getJIntTy(),
                                   kTBAAConstJObject);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_ArrayLength(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                          Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  // Get the array object address
  llvm::Value* array_addr = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kObject, kAccurate);
  EmitGuard_NullPointerException(dex_pc, array_addr);

  // Get the array length and store it to the register
  llvm::Value* array_len = EmitLoadArrayLength(array_addr);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate, array_len);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_NewInstance(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                          Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Function* runtime_func;
  if (compiler_->CanAccessInstantiableTypeWithoutChecks(
        method_idx_, dex_cache_, *dex_file_, dec_insn.vB)) {
    runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(AllocObject);
  } else {
    runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(AllocObjectWithAccessCheck);
  }

  llvm::Constant* type_index_value = irb_.getInt32(dec_insn.vB);

  llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

  llvm::Value* thread_object_addr = irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(GetCurrentThread));

  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

  llvm::Value* object_addr =
    irb_.CreateCall3(runtime_func, type_index_value, method_object_addr, thread_object_addr);

  EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate, object_addr);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::EmitAllocNewArray(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                               int32_t length,
                                               uint32_t type_idx,
                                               bool is_filled_new_array) {
  llvm::Function* runtime_func;

  bool skip_access_check =
    compiler_->CanAccessTypeWithoutChecks(method_idx_, dex_cache_,
                                          *dex_file_, type_idx);

  llvm::Value* array_length_value;

  if (is_filled_new_array) {
    runtime_func = skip_access_check ?
      irb_.GetRuntime(CheckAndAllocArray) :
      irb_.GetRuntime(CheckAndAllocArrayWithAccessCheck);
    array_length_value = irb_.getInt32(length);
  } else {
    runtime_func = skip_access_check ?
      irb_.GetRuntime(AllocArray) :
      irb_.GetRuntime(AllocArrayWithAccessCheck);
    array_length_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(length, kInt, kAccurate);
  }

  llvm::Constant* type_index_value = irb_.getInt32(type_idx);

  llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

  llvm::Value* thread_object_addr = irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(GetCurrentThread));

  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

  llvm::Value* object_addr =
    irb_.CreateCall4(runtime_func, type_index_value, method_object_addr,
                     array_length_value, thread_object_addr);

  EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  return object_addr;
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_NewArray(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                       Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* object_addr =
    EmitAllocNewArray(dex_pc, dec_insn.vB, dec_insn.vC, false);

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate, object_addr);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_FilledNewArray(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                             Instruction const* insn,
                                             bool is_range) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* object_addr =
    EmitAllocNewArray(dex_pc, dec_insn.vA, dec_insn.vB, true);

  if (dec_insn.vA > 0) {
    // Check for the element type
    uint32_t type_desc_len = 0;
    const char* type_desc =
      dex_file_->StringByTypeIdx(dec_insn.vB, &type_desc_len);

    DCHECK_GE(type_desc_len, 2u); // should be guaranteed by verifier
    DCHECK_EQ(type_desc[0], '['); // should be guaranteed by verifier
    bool is_elem_int_ty = (type_desc[1] == 'I');

    uint32_t alignment;
    llvm::Constant* elem_size;
    llvm::PointerType* field_type;

    // NOTE: Currently filled-new-array only supports 'L', '[', and 'I'
    // as the element, thus we are only checking 2 cases: primitive int and
    // non-primitive type.
    if (is_elem_int_ty) {
      alignment = sizeof(int32_t);
      elem_size = irb_.getPtrEquivInt(sizeof(int32_t));
      field_type = irb_.getJIntTy()->getPointerTo();
    } else {
      alignment = irb_.getSizeOfPtrEquivInt();
      elem_size = irb_.getSizeOfPtrEquivIntValue();
      field_type = irb_.getJObjectTy()->getPointerTo();
    }

    llvm::Value* data_field_offset =
      irb_.getPtrEquivInt(Array::DataOffset(alignment).Int32Value());

    llvm::Value* data_field_addr =
      irb_.CreatePtrDisp(object_addr, data_field_offset, field_type);

    // TODO: Tune this code.  Currently we are generating one instruction for
    // one element which may be very space consuming.  Maybe changing to use
    // memcpy may help; however, since we can't guarantee that the alloca of
    // dalvik register are continuous, we can't perform such optimization yet.
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < dec_insn.vA; ++i) {
      int reg_index;
      if (is_range) {
        reg_index = dec_insn.vC + i;
      } else {
        reg_index = dec_insn.arg[i];
      }

      llvm::Value* reg_value;
      if (is_elem_int_ty) {
        reg_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(reg_index, kInt, kAccurate);
      } else {
        reg_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(reg_index, kObject, kAccurate);
      }

      irb_.CreateStore(reg_value, data_field_addr, kTBAAHeapArray);

      data_field_addr =
        irb_.CreatePtrDisp(data_field_addr, elem_size, field_type);
    }
  }

  EmitStoreDalvikRetValReg(kObject, kAccurate, object_addr);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_FillArrayData(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                            Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  // Read the payload
  int32_t payload_offset = static_cast<int32_t>(dex_pc) +
                           static_cast<int32_t>(dec_insn.vB);

  const Instruction::ArrayDataPayload* payload =
    reinterpret_cast<const Instruction::ArrayDataPayload*>(
        code_item_->insns_ + payload_offset);

  // Load array object
  llvm::Value* array_addr = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate);

  if (payload->element_count == 0) {
    // When the number of the elements in the payload is zero, we don't have
    // to copy any numbers.  However, we should check whether the array object
    // address is equal to null or not.
    EmitGuard_NullPointerException(dex_pc, array_addr);
  } else {
    // To save the code size, we are going to call the runtime function to
    // copy the content from DexFile.

    // NOTE: We will check for the NullPointerException in the runtime.

    llvm::Function* runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(FillArrayData);

    llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

    EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

    irb_.CreateCall4(runtime_func,
                     method_object_addr, irb_.getInt32(dex_pc),
                     array_addr, irb_.getInt32(payload_offset));

    EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);
  }

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_UnconditionalBranch(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                  Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  int32_t branch_offset = dec_insn.vA;

  irb_.CreateBr(GetBasicBlock(dex_pc + branch_offset));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_PackedSwitch(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                           Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  int32_t payload_offset = static_cast<int32_t>(dex_pc) +
                           static_cast<int32_t>(dec_insn.vB);

  const Instruction::PackedSwitchPayload* payload =
    reinterpret_cast<const Instruction::PackedSwitchPayload*>(
        code_item_->insns_ + payload_offset);

  llvm::Value* value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate);

  llvm::SwitchInst* sw =
    irb_.CreateSwitch(value, GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc), payload->case_count);

  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < payload->case_count; ++i) {
    sw->addCase(irb_.getInt32(payload->first_key + i),
                GetBasicBlock(dex_pc + payload->targets[i]));
  }
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_SparseSwitch(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                           Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  int32_t payload_offset = static_cast<int32_t>(dex_pc) +
                           static_cast<int32_t>(dec_insn.vB);

  const Instruction::SparseSwitchPayload* payload =
    reinterpret_cast<const Instruction::SparseSwitchPayload*>(
        code_item_->insns_ + payload_offset);

  const int32_t* keys = payload->GetKeys();
  const int32_t* targets = payload->GetTargets();

  llvm::Value* value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate);

  llvm::SwitchInst* sw =
    irb_.CreateSwitch(value, GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc), payload->case_count);

  for (size_t i = 0; i < payload->case_count; ++i) {
    sw->addCase(irb_.getInt32(keys[i]), GetBasicBlock(dex_pc + targets[i]));
  }
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_FPCompare(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                        Instruction const* insn,
                                        JType fp_jty,
                                        bool gt_bias) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  DCHECK(fp_jty == kFloat || fp_jty == kDouble) << "JType: " << fp_jty;

  llvm::Value* src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, fp_jty, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* src2_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vC, fp_jty, kAccurate);

  llvm::Value* cmp_eq = irb_.CreateFCmpOEQ(src1_value, src2_value);
  llvm::Value* cmp_lt;

  if (gt_bias) {
    cmp_lt = irb_.CreateFCmpOLT(src1_value, src2_value);
  } else {
    cmp_lt = irb_.CreateFCmpULT(src1_value, src2_value);
  }

  llvm::Value* result = EmitCompareResultSelection(cmp_eq, cmp_lt);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate, result);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_LongCompare(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                          Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kLong, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* src2_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vC, kLong, kAccurate);

  llvm::Value* cmp_eq = irb_.CreateICmpEQ(src1_value, src2_value);
  llvm::Value* cmp_lt = irb_.CreateICmpSLT(src1_value, src2_value);

  llvm::Value* result = EmitCompareResultSelection(cmp_eq, cmp_lt);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate, result);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::EmitCompareResultSelection(llvm::Value* cmp_eq,
                                                        llvm::Value* cmp_lt) {

  llvm::Constant* zero = irb_.getJInt(0);
  llvm::Constant* pos1 = irb_.getJInt(1);
  llvm::Constant* neg1 = irb_.getJInt(-1);

  llvm::Value* result_lt = irb_.CreateSelect(cmp_lt, neg1, pos1);
  llvm::Value* result_eq = irb_.CreateSelect(cmp_eq, zero, result_lt);

  return result_eq;
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_BinaryConditionalBranch(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                      Instruction const* insn,
                                                      CondBranchKind cond) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  int8_t src1_reg_cat = GetInferredRegCategory(dex_pc, dec_insn.vA);
  int8_t src2_reg_cat = GetInferredRegCategory(dex_pc, dec_insn.vB);

  DCHECK_NE(kRegUnknown, src1_reg_cat);
  DCHECK_NE(kRegUnknown, src2_reg_cat);
  DCHECK_NE(kRegCat2, src1_reg_cat);
  DCHECK_NE(kRegCat2, src2_reg_cat);

  int32_t branch_offset = dec_insn.vC;

  llvm::Value* src1_value;
  llvm::Value* src2_value;

  if (src1_reg_cat == kRegZero && src2_reg_cat == kRegZero) {
    src1_value = irb_.getInt32(0);
    src2_value = irb_.getInt32(0);
  } else if (src1_reg_cat != kRegZero && src2_reg_cat != kRegZero) {
    CHECK_EQ(src1_reg_cat, src2_reg_cat);

    if (src1_reg_cat == kRegCat1nr) {
      src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate);
      src2_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kInt, kAccurate);
    } else {
      src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate);
      src2_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kObject, kAccurate);
    }
  } else {
    DCHECK(src1_reg_cat == kRegZero ||
           src2_reg_cat == kRegZero);

    if (src1_reg_cat == kRegZero) {
      if (src2_reg_cat == kRegCat1nr) {
        src1_value = irb_.getJInt(0);
        src2_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate);
      } else {
        src1_value = irb_.getJNull();
        src2_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate);
      }
    } else { // src2_reg_cat == kRegZero
      if (src2_reg_cat == kRegCat1nr) {
        src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate);
        src2_value = irb_.getJInt(0);
      } else {
        src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate);
        src2_value = irb_.getJNull();
      }
    }
  }

  llvm::Value* cond_value =
    EmitConditionResult(src1_value, src2_value, cond);

  irb_.CreateCondBr(cond_value,
                    GetBasicBlock(dex_pc + branch_offset),
                    GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_UnaryConditionalBranch(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                     Instruction const* insn,
                                                     CondBranchKind cond) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  int8_t src_reg_cat = GetInferredRegCategory(dex_pc, dec_insn.vA);

  DCHECK_NE(kRegUnknown, src_reg_cat);
  DCHECK_NE(kRegCat2, src_reg_cat);

  int32_t branch_offset = dec_insn.vB;

  llvm::Value* src1_value;
  llvm::Value* src2_value;

  if (src_reg_cat == kRegZero) {
    src1_value = irb_.getInt32(0);
    src2_value = irb_.getInt32(0);
  } else if (src_reg_cat == kRegCat1nr) {
    src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate);
    src2_value = irb_.getInt32(0);
  } else {
    src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kObject, kAccurate);
    src2_value = irb_.getJNull();
  }

  llvm::Value* cond_value =
    EmitConditionResult(src1_value, src2_value, cond);

  irb_.CreateCondBr(cond_value,
                    GetBasicBlock(dex_pc + branch_offset),
                    GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}

InferredRegCategoryMap const* MethodCompiler::GetInferredRegCategoryMap() {
  Compiler::MethodReference mref(dex_file_, method_idx_);

  InferredRegCategoryMap const* map =
    verifier::MethodVerifier::GetInferredRegCategoryMap(mref);

  CHECK_NE(map, static_cast<InferredRegCategoryMap*>(NULL));

  return map;
}

RegCategory MethodCompiler::GetInferredRegCategory(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                   uint16_t reg_idx) {
  InferredRegCategoryMap const* map = GetInferredRegCategoryMap();

  return map->GetRegCategory(dex_pc, reg_idx);
}

bool MethodCompiler::IsRegCanBeObject(uint16_t reg_idx) {
  InferredRegCategoryMap const* map = GetInferredRegCategoryMap();

  return map->IsRegCanBeObject(reg_idx);
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::EmitConditionResult(llvm::Value* lhs,
                                                 llvm::Value* rhs,
                                                 CondBranchKind cond) {
  switch (cond) {
  case kCondBranch_EQ:
    return irb_.CreateICmpEQ(lhs, rhs);

  case kCondBranch_NE:
    return irb_.CreateICmpNE(lhs, rhs);

  case kCondBranch_LT:
    return irb_.CreateICmpSLT(lhs, rhs);

  case kCondBranch_GE:
    return irb_.CreateICmpSGE(lhs, rhs);

  case kCondBranch_GT:
    return irb_.CreateICmpSGT(lhs, rhs);

  case kCondBranch_LE:
    return irb_.CreateICmpSLE(lhs, rhs);

  default: // Unreachable
    LOG(FATAL) << "Unknown conditional branch kind: " << cond;
    return NULL;
  }
}

void MethodCompiler::EmitMarkGCCard(llvm::Value* value, llvm::Value* target_addr) {
  // Using runtime support, let the target can override by InlineAssembly.
  llvm::Function* runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(MarkGCCard);

  irb_.CreateCall2(runtime_func, value, target_addr);
}

void
MethodCompiler::EmitGuard_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                         llvm::Value* array,
                                                         llvm::Value* index) {
  llvm::Value* array_len = EmitLoadArrayLength(array);

  llvm::Value* cmp = irb_.CreateICmpUGE(index, array_len);

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_exception =
    CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "overflow");

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_continue =
    CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "cont");

  irb_.CreateCondBr(cmp, block_exception, block_continue, kUnlikely);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_exception);

  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);
  irb_.CreateCall2(irb_.GetRuntime(ThrowIndexOutOfBounds), index, array_len);
  EmitBranchExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_continue);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitGuard_ArrayException(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                              llvm::Value* array,
                                              llvm::Value* index) {
  EmitGuard_NullPointerException(dex_pc, array);
  EmitGuard_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(dex_pc, array, index);
}


// Emit Array GetElementPtr
llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::EmitArrayGEP(llvm::Value* array_addr,
                                          llvm::Value* index_value,
                                          JType elem_jty) {

  int data_offset;
  if (elem_jty == kLong || elem_jty == kDouble ||
      (elem_jty == kObject && sizeof(uint64_t) == sizeof(Object*))) {
    data_offset = Array::DataOffset(sizeof(int64_t)).Int32Value();
  } else {
    data_offset = Array::DataOffset(sizeof(int32_t)).Int32Value();
  }

  llvm::Constant* data_offset_value =
    irb_.getPtrEquivInt(data_offset);

  llvm::Type* elem_type = irb_.getJType(elem_jty, kArray);

  llvm::Value* array_data_addr =
    irb_.CreatePtrDisp(array_addr, data_offset_value,
                       elem_type->getPointerTo());

  return irb_.CreateGEP(array_data_addr, index_value);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_AGet(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                   Instruction const* insn,
                                   JType elem_jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* array_addr = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kObject, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* index_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vC, kInt, kAccurate);

  EmitGuard_ArrayException(dex_pc, array_addr, index_value);

  llvm::Value* array_elem_addr = EmitArrayGEP(array_addr, index_value, elem_jty);

  llvm::Value* array_elem_value = irb_.CreateLoad(array_elem_addr, kTBAAHeapArray, elem_jty);

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, elem_jty, kArray, array_elem_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_APut(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                   Instruction const* insn,
                                   JType elem_jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* array_addr = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kObject, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* index_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vC, kInt, kAccurate);

  EmitGuard_ArrayException(dex_pc, array_addr, index_value);

  llvm::Value* array_elem_addr = EmitArrayGEP(array_addr, index_value, elem_jty);

  llvm::Value* new_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, elem_jty, kArray);

  if (elem_jty == kObject) { // If put an object, check the type, and mark GC card table.
    llvm::Function* runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(CheckPutArrayElement);

    irb_.CreateCall2(runtime_func, new_value, array_addr);

    EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

    EmitMarkGCCard(new_value, array_addr);
  }

  irb_.CreateStore(new_value, array_elem_addr, kTBAAHeapArray, elem_jty);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_IGet(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                   Instruction const* insn,
                                   JType field_jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  uint32_t reg_idx = dec_insn.vB;
  uint32_t field_idx = dec_insn.vC;

  llvm::Value* object_addr = EmitLoadDalvikReg(reg_idx, kObject, kAccurate);

  if (!(method_info_.this_will_not_be_null && reg_idx == method_info_.this_reg_idx)) {
    EmitGuard_NullPointerException(dex_pc, object_addr);
  }

  llvm::Value* field_value;

  int field_offset;
  bool is_volatile;
  bool is_fast_path = compiler_->ComputeInstanceFieldInfo(
    field_idx, oat_compilation_unit_, field_offset, is_volatile, false);

  if (!is_fast_path) {
    llvm::Function* runtime_func;

    if (field_jty == kObject) {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(GetObjectInstance);
    } else if (field_jty == kLong || field_jty == kDouble) {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(Get64Instance);
    } else {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(Get32Instance);
    }

    llvm::ConstantInt* field_idx_value = irb_.getInt32(field_idx);

    llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

    EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

    field_value = irb_.CreateCall3(runtime_func, field_idx_value,
                                   method_object_addr, object_addr);

    EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  } else {
    DCHECK_GE(field_offset, 0);

    llvm::PointerType* field_type =
      irb_.getJType(field_jty, kField)->getPointerTo();

    llvm::ConstantInt* field_offset_value = irb_.getPtrEquivInt(field_offset);

    llvm::Value* field_addr =
      irb_.CreatePtrDisp(object_addr, field_offset_value, field_type);

    // TODO: Check is_volatile.  We need to generate atomic load instruction
    // when is_volatile is true.
    field_value = irb_.CreateLoad(field_addr, kTBAAHeapInstance, field_jty);
  }

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, field_jty, kField, field_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_IPut(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                   Instruction const* insn,
                                   JType field_jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  uint32_t reg_idx = dec_insn.vB;
  uint32_t field_idx = dec_insn.vC;

  llvm::Value* object_addr = EmitLoadDalvikReg(reg_idx, kObject, kAccurate);

  if (!(method_info_.this_will_not_be_null && reg_idx == method_info_.this_reg_idx)) {
    EmitGuard_NullPointerException(dex_pc, object_addr);
  }

  llvm::Value* new_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, field_jty, kField);

  int field_offset;
  bool is_volatile;
  bool is_fast_path = compiler_->ComputeInstanceFieldInfo(
    field_idx, oat_compilation_unit_, field_offset, is_volatile, true);

  if (!is_fast_path) {
    llvm::Function* runtime_func;

    if (field_jty == kObject) {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(SetObjectInstance);
    } else if (field_jty == kLong || field_jty == kDouble) {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(Set64Instance);
    } else {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(Set32Instance);
    }

    llvm::Value* field_idx_value = irb_.getInt32(field_idx);

    llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

    EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

    irb_.CreateCall4(runtime_func, field_idx_value,
                     method_object_addr, object_addr, new_value);

    EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  } else {
    DCHECK_GE(field_offset, 0);

    llvm::PointerType* field_type =
      irb_.getJType(field_jty, kField)->getPointerTo();

    llvm::Value* field_offset_value = irb_.getPtrEquivInt(field_offset);

    llvm::Value* field_addr =
      irb_.CreatePtrDisp(object_addr, field_offset_value, field_type);

    // TODO: Check is_volatile.  We need to generate atomic store instruction
    // when is_volatile is true.
    irb_.CreateStore(new_value, field_addr, kTBAAHeapInstance, field_jty);

    if (field_jty == kObject) { // If put an object, mark the GC card table.
      EmitMarkGCCard(new_value, object_addr);
    }
  }

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::EmitLoadStaticStorage(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                   uint32_t type_idx) {
  llvm::BasicBlock* block_load_static =
    CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "load_static");

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_cont = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "cont");

  // Load static storage from dex cache
  llvm::Value* storage_field_addr =
    EmitLoadDexCacheStaticStorageFieldAddr(type_idx);

  llvm::Value* storage_object_addr = irb_.CreateLoad(storage_field_addr, kTBAAJRuntime);

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_original = irb_.GetInsertBlock();

  // Test: Is the static storage of this class initialized?
  llvm::Value* equal_null =
    irb_.CreateICmpEQ(storage_object_addr, irb_.getJNull());

  irb_.CreateCondBr(equal_null, block_load_static, block_cont, kUnlikely);

  // Failback routine to load the class object
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_load_static);

  llvm::Function* runtime_func =
    irb_.GetRuntime(InitializeStaticStorage);

  llvm::Constant* type_idx_value = irb_.getInt32(type_idx);

  llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

  llvm::Value* thread_object_addr = irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(GetCurrentThread));

  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

  llvm::Value* loaded_storage_object_addr =
    irb_.CreateCall3(runtime_func, type_idx_value, method_object_addr, thread_object_addr);

  EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_after_load_static = irb_.GetInsertBlock();

  irb_.CreateBr(block_cont);

  // Now the class object must be loaded
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_cont);

  llvm::PHINode* phi = irb_.CreatePHI(irb_.getJObjectTy(), 2);

  phi->addIncoming(storage_object_addr, block_original);
  phi->addIncoming(loaded_storage_object_addr, block_after_load_static);

  return phi;
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_SGet(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                   Instruction const* insn,
                                   JType field_jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  uint32_t field_idx = dec_insn.vB;

  int field_offset;
  int ssb_index;
  bool is_referrers_class;
  bool is_volatile;

  bool is_fast_path = compiler_->ComputeStaticFieldInfo(
    field_idx, oat_compilation_unit_, field_offset, ssb_index,
    is_referrers_class, is_volatile, false);

  llvm::Value* static_field_value;

  if (!is_fast_path) {
    llvm::Function* runtime_func;

    if (field_jty == kObject) {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(GetObjectStatic);
    } else if (field_jty == kLong || field_jty == kDouble) {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(Get64Static);
    } else {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(Get32Static);
    }

    llvm::Constant* field_idx_value = irb_.getInt32(dec_insn.vB);

    llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

    EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

    static_field_value =
      irb_.CreateCall2(runtime_func, field_idx_value, method_object_addr);

    EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  } else {
    DCHECK_GE(field_offset, 0);

    llvm::Value* static_storage_addr = NULL;

    if (is_referrers_class) {
      // Fast path, static storage base is this method's class
      llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

      static_storage_addr =
        irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(method_object_addr,
                                  Method::DeclaringClassOffset().Int32Value(),
                                  irb_.getJObjectTy(),
                                  kTBAAConstJObject);
    } else {
      // Medium path, static storage base in a different class which
      // requires checks that the other class is initialized
      DCHECK_GE(ssb_index, 0);
      static_storage_addr = EmitLoadStaticStorage(dex_pc, ssb_index);
    }

    llvm::Value* static_field_offset_value = irb_.getPtrEquivInt(field_offset);

    llvm::Value* static_field_addr =
      irb_.CreatePtrDisp(static_storage_addr, static_field_offset_value,
                         irb_.getJType(field_jty, kField)->getPointerTo());

    // TODO: Check is_volatile.  We need to generate atomic load instruction
    // when is_volatile is true.
    static_field_value = irb_.CreateLoad(static_field_addr, kTBAAHeapStatic, field_jty);
  }

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, field_jty, kField, static_field_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_SPut(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                   Instruction const* insn,
                                   JType field_jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  uint32_t field_idx = dec_insn.vB;

  llvm::Value* new_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, field_jty, kField);

  int field_offset;
  int ssb_index;
  bool is_referrers_class;
  bool is_volatile;

  bool is_fast_path = compiler_->ComputeStaticFieldInfo(
    field_idx, oat_compilation_unit_, field_offset, ssb_index,
    is_referrers_class, is_volatile, true);

  if (!is_fast_path) {
    llvm::Function* runtime_func;

    if (field_jty == kObject) {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(SetObjectStatic);
    } else if (field_jty == kLong || field_jty == kDouble) {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(Set64Static);
    } else {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(Set32Static);
    }

    llvm::Constant* field_idx_value = irb_.getInt32(dec_insn.vB);

    llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

    EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

    irb_.CreateCall3(runtime_func, field_idx_value,
                     method_object_addr, new_value);

    EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  } else {
    DCHECK_GE(field_offset, 0);

    llvm::Value* static_storage_addr = NULL;

    if (is_referrers_class) {
      // Fast path, static storage base is this method's class
      llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

      static_storage_addr =
        irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(method_object_addr,
                                  Method::DeclaringClassOffset().Int32Value(),
                                  irb_.getJObjectTy(),
                                  kTBAAConstJObject);
    } else {
      // Medium path, static storage base in a different class which
      // requires checks that the other class is initialized
      DCHECK_GE(ssb_index, 0);
      static_storage_addr = EmitLoadStaticStorage(dex_pc, ssb_index);
    }

    llvm::Value* static_field_offset_value = irb_.getPtrEquivInt(field_offset);

    llvm::Value* static_field_addr =
      irb_.CreatePtrDisp(static_storage_addr, static_field_offset_value,
                         irb_.getJType(field_jty, kField)->getPointerTo());

    // TODO: Check is_volatile.  We need to generate atomic store instruction
    // when is_volatile is true.
    irb_.CreateStore(new_value, static_field_addr, kTBAAHeapStatic, field_jty);

    if (field_jty == kObject) { // If put an object, mark the GC card table.
      EmitMarkGCCard(new_value, static_storage_addr);
    }
  }

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::
EmitLoadActualParameters(std::vector<llvm::Value*>& args,
                         uint32_t callee_method_idx,
                         DecodedInstruction const& dec_insn,
                         InvokeArgFmt arg_fmt,
                         bool is_static) {

  // Get method signature
  DexFile::MethodId const& method_id =
    dex_file_->GetMethodId(callee_method_idx);

  uint32_t shorty_size;
  char const* shorty = dex_file_->GetMethodShorty(method_id, &shorty_size);
  CHECK_GE(shorty_size, 1u);

  // Load argument values according to the shorty (without "this")
  uint16_t reg_count = 0;

  if (!is_static) {
    ++reg_count; // skip the "this" pointer
  }

  bool is_range = (arg_fmt == kArgRange);

  for (uint32_t i = 1; i < shorty_size; ++i) {
    uint32_t reg_idx = (is_range) ? (dec_insn.vC + reg_count)
                                  : (dec_insn.arg[reg_count]);

    args.push_back(EmitLoadDalvikReg(reg_idx, shorty[i], kAccurate));

    ++reg_count;
    if (shorty[i] == 'J' || shorty[i] == 'D') {
      // Wide types, such as long and double, are using a pair of registers
      // to store the value, so we have to increase arg_reg again.
      ++reg_count;
    }
  }

  DCHECK_EQ(reg_count, dec_insn.vA)
    << "Actual argument mismatch for callee: "
    << PrettyMethod(callee_method_idx, *dex_file_);
}

llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::EmitFixStub(llvm::Value* callee_method_object_addr,
                                         uint32_t method_idx,
                                         bool is_static) {
  // TODO: Remove this after we solve the link and trampoline related problems.
  llvm::Value* code_addr =  irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(FixStub), callee_method_object_addr);

  llvm::FunctionType* method_type = GetFunctionType(method_idx, is_static);

  return irb_.CreatePointerCast(code_addr, method_type->getPointerTo());
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_Invoke(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                     Instruction const* insn,
                                     InvokeType invoke_type,
                                     InvokeArgFmt arg_fmt) {
  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  bool is_static = (invoke_type == kStatic);
  uint32_t callee_method_idx = dec_insn.vB;

  // Compute invoke related information for compiler decision
  int vtable_idx = -1;
  uintptr_t direct_code = 0; // Currently unused
  uintptr_t direct_method = 0;
  bool is_fast_path = compiler_->
    ComputeInvokeInfo(callee_method_idx, oat_compilation_unit_,
                      invoke_type, vtable_idx, direct_code, direct_method);

  // Load *this* actual parameter
  llvm::Value* this_addr = NULL;

  if (!is_static) {
    // Test: Is *this* parameter equal to null?
    uint32_t reg_idx = (arg_fmt == kArgReg) ? dec_insn.arg[0] : (dec_insn.vC + 0);
    this_addr = EmitLoadDalvikReg(reg_idx, kObject, kAccurate);

    if (!(method_info_.this_will_not_be_null && reg_idx == method_info_.this_reg_idx)) {
      EmitGuard_NullPointerException(dex_pc, this_addr);
    }
  }

  // Load the method object
  llvm::Value* callee_method_object_addr = NULL;

  if (!is_fast_path) {
    callee_method_object_addr =
      EmitCallRuntimeForCalleeMethodObjectAddr(callee_method_idx, invoke_type,
                                               this_addr, dex_pc, is_fast_path);
  } else {
    switch (invoke_type) {
    case kStatic:
    case kDirect:
      if (direct_method != 0u &&
          direct_method != static_cast<uintptr_t>(-1)) {
        callee_method_object_addr =
          irb_.CreateIntToPtr(irb_.getPtrEquivInt(direct_method),
                              irb_.getJObjectTy());
      } else {
        callee_method_object_addr =
          EmitLoadSDCalleeMethodObjectAddr(callee_method_idx);
      }
      break;

    case kVirtual:
      DCHECK(vtable_idx != -1);
      callee_method_object_addr =
        EmitLoadVirtualCalleeMethodObjectAddr(vtable_idx, this_addr);
      break;

    case kSuper:
      LOG(FATAL) << "invoke-super should be promoted to invoke-direct in "
                    "the fast path.";
      break;

    case kInterface:
      callee_method_object_addr =
        EmitCallRuntimeForCalleeMethodObjectAddr(callee_method_idx,
                                                 invoke_type, this_addr,
                                                 dex_pc, is_fast_path);
      break;
    }
  }

  // Load the actual parameter
  std::vector<llvm::Value*> args;

  args.push_back(callee_method_object_addr); // method object for callee

  if (!is_static) {
    DCHECK(this_addr != NULL);
    args.push_back(this_addr); // "this" object for callee
  }

  EmitLoadActualParameters(args, callee_method_idx, dec_insn,
                           arg_fmt, is_static);

  if (is_fast_path && (invoke_type == kDirect || invoke_type == kStatic)) {
    bool need_retry = EmitInlineJavaIntrinsic(PrettyMethod(callee_method_idx, *dex_file_),
                                              args,
                                              GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
    if (!need_retry) {
      return;
    }
  }

  llvm::Value* code_addr =
    irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(callee_method_object_addr,
                              Method::GetCodeOffset().Int32Value(),
                              GetFunctionType(callee_method_idx, is_static)->getPointerTo(),
                              kTBAAJRuntime);

#if 0
  // Invoke callee
  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);
  llvm::Value* retval = irb_.CreateCall(code_addr, args);
  EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  uint32_t callee_access_flags = is_static ? kAccStatic : 0;
  UniquePtr<OatCompilationUnit> callee_oat_compilation_unit(
    oat_compilation_unit_->GetCallee(callee_method_idx, callee_access_flags));

  char ret_shorty = callee_oat_compilation_unit->GetShorty()[0];
  if (ret_shorty != 'V') {
    EmitStoreDalvikRetValReg(ret_shorty, kAccurate, retval);
  }
#else
  uint32_t callee_access_flags = is_static ? kAccStatic : 0;
  UniquePtr<OatCompilationUnit> callee_oat_compilation_unit(
    oat_compilation_unit_->GetCallee(callee_method_idx, callee_access_flags));

  char ret_shorty = callee_oat_compilation_unit->GetShorty()[0];


  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);


  llvm::BasicBlock* block_normal = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "normal");
  llvm::BasicBlock* block_stub = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "stub");
  llvm::BasicBlock* block_continue = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "cont");

  llvm::Value* code_addr_int = irb_.CreatePtrToInt(code_addr, irb_.getPtrEquivIntTy());
  llvm::Value* max_stub_int = irb_.getPtrEquivInt(special_stub::kMaxSpecialStub);
  llvm::Value* is_stub = irb_.CreateICmpULT(code_addr_int, max_stub_int);
  irb_.CreateCondBr(is_stub, block_stub, block_normal, kUnlikely);


  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_normal);
  {
    // Invoke callee
    llvm::Value* retval = irb_.CreateCall(code_addr, args);
    if (ret_shorty != 'V') {
      EmitStoreDalvikRetValReg(ret_shorty, kAccurate, retval);
    }
  }
  irb_.CreateBr(block_continue);


  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_stub);
  {
    { // lazy link
      // TODO: Remove this after we solve the link problem.
      llvm::BasicBlock* block_proxy_stub = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "proxy");
      llvm::BasicBlock* block_link = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "link");

      irb_.CreateCondBr(irb_.CreateIsNull(code_addr), block_link, block_proxy_stub, kUnlikely);


      irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_link);
      code_addr = EmitFixStub(callee_method_object_addr, callee_method_idx, is_static);

      EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

      llvm::Value* retval = irb_.CreateCall(code_addr, args);
      if (ret_shorty != 'V') {
        EmitStoreDalvikRetValReg(ret_shorty, kAccurate, retval);
      }
      irb_.CreateBr(block_continue);


      irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_proxy_stub);
    }
    { // proxy stub
      if (ret_shorty != 'V') {
        args.push_back(jvalue_temp_);
      }
      // TODO: Remove this after we solve the proxy trampoline calling convention problem.
      irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(ProxyInvokeHandler), args);
      if (ret_shorty != 'V') {
        llvm::Type* accurate_ret_type = irb_.getJType(ret_shorty, kAccurate);
        llvm::Value* result_addr =
            irb_.CreateBitCast(jvalue_temp_, accurate_ret_type->getPointerTo());
        llvm::Value* retval = irb_.CreateLoad(result_addr, kTBAAStackTemp);
        EmitStoreDalvikRetValReg(ret_shorty, kAccurate, retval);
      }
    }
  }
  irb_.CreateBr(block_continue);


  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_continue);

  EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);
#endif

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::
EmitLoadSDCalleeMethodObjectAddr(uint32_t callee_method_idx) {
  llvm::Value* callee_method_object_field_addr =
    EmitLoadDexCacheResolvedMethodFieldAddr(callee_method_idx);

  return irb_.CreateLoad(callee_method_object_field_addr, kTBAAJRuntime);
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::
EmitLoadVirtualCalleeMethodObjectAddr(int vtable_idx,
                                      llvm::Value* this_addr) {
  // Load class object of *this* pointer
  llvm::Value* class_object_addr =
    irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(this_addr,
                              Object::ClassOffset().Int32Value(),
                              irb_.getJObjectTy(),
                              kTBAAConstJObject);

  // Load vtable address
  llvm::Value* vtable_addr =
    irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(class_object_addr,
                              Class::VTableOffset().Int32Value(),
                              irb_.getJObjectTy(),
                              kTBAAConstJObject);

  // Load callee method object
  llvm::Value* vtable_idx_value =
    irb_.getPtrEquivInt(static_cast<uint64_t>(vtable_idx));

  llvm::Value* method_field_addr =
    EmitArrayGEP(vtable_addr, vtable_idx_value, kObject);

  return irb_.CreateLoad(method_field_addr, kTBAAConstJObject);
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::
EmitCallRuntimeForCalleeMethodObjectAddr(uint32_t callee_method_idx,
                                         InvokeType invoke_type,
                                         llvm::Value* this_addr,
                                         uint32_t dex_pc,
                                         bool is_fast_path) {

  llvm::Function* runtime_func = NULL;

  switch (invoke_type) {
  case kStatic:
    runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(FindStaticMethodWithAccessCheck);
    break;

  case kDirect:
    runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(FindDirectMethodWithAccessCheck);
    break;

  case kVirtual:
    runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(FindVirtualMethodWithAccessCheck);
    break;

  case kSuper:
    runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(FindSuperMethodWithAccessCheck);
    break;

  case kInterface:
    if (is_fast_path) {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(FindInterfaceMethod);
    } else {
      runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(FindInterfaceMethodWithAccessCheck);
    }
    break;
  }

  llvm::Value* callee_method_idx_value = irb_.getInt32(callee_method_idx);

  if (this_addr == NULL) {
    DCHECK_EQ(invoke_type, kStatic);
    this_addr = irb_.getJNull();
  }

  llvm::Value* caller_method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

  llvm::Value* thread_object_addr = irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(GetCurrentThread));

  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);

  llvm::Value* callee_method_object_addr =
    irb_.CreateCall4(runtime_func,
                     callee_method_idx_value,
                     this_addr,
                     caller_method_object_addr,
                     thread_object_addr);

  EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  return callee_method_object_addr;
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_Neg(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                  Instruction const* insn,
                                  JType op_jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  DCHECK(op_jty == kInt || op_jty == kLong) << op_jty;

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, op_jty, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* result_value = irb_.CreateNeg(src_value);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, op_jty, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_Not(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                  Instruction const* insn,
                                  JType op_jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  DCHECK(op_jty == kInt || op_jty == kLong) << op_jty;

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, op_jty, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* result_value =
    irb_.CreateXor(src_value, static_cast<uint64_t>(-1));

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, op_jty, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_SExt(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                   Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kInt, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* result_value = irb_.CreateSExt(src_value, irb_.getJLongTy());
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kLong, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_Trunc(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                    Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kLong, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* result_value = irb_.CreateTrunc(src_value, irb_.getJIntTy());
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_TruncAndSExt(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                           Instruction const* insn,
                                           unsigned N) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kInt, kAccurate);

  llvm::Value* trunc_value =
    irb_.CreateTrunc(src_value, llvm::Type::getIntNTy(*context_, N));

  llvm::Value* result_value = irb_.CreateSExt(trunc_value, irb_.getJIntTy());

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_TruncAndZExt(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                           Instruction const* insn,
                                           unsigned N) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kInt, kAccurate);

  llvm::Value* trunc_value =
    irb_.CreateTrunc(src_value, llvm::Type::getIntNTy(*context_, N));

  llvm::Value* result_value = irb_.CreateZExt(trunc_value, irb_.getJIntTy());

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_FNeg(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                   Instruction const* insn,
                                   JType op_jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  DCHECK(op_jty == kFloat || op_jty == kDouble) << op_jty;

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, op_jty, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* result_value = irb_.CreateFNeg(src_value);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, op_jty, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_IntToFP(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                      Instruction const* insn,
                                      JType src_jty,
                                      JType dest_jty) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  DCHECK(src_jty == kInt || src_jty == kLong) << src_jty;
  DCHECK(dest_jty == kFloat || dest_jty == kDouble) << dest_jty;

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, src_jty, kAccurate);
  llvm::Type* dest_type = irb_.getJType(dest_jty, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* dest_value = irb_.CreateSIToFP(src_value, dest_type);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, dest_jty, kAccurate, dest_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_FPToInt(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                      Instruction const* insn,
                                      JType src_jty,
                                      JType dest_jty,
                                      runtime_support::RuntimeId runtime_func_id) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  DCHECK(src_jty == kFloat || src_jty == kDouble) << src_jty;
  DCHECK(dest_jty == kInt || dest_jty == kLong) << dest_jty;

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, src_jty, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* dest_value = irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(runtime_func_id), src_value);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, dest_jty, kAccurate, dest_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_FExt(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                   Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kFloat, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* result_value = irb_.CreateFPExt(src_value, irb_.getJDoubleTy());
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kDouble, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_FTrunc(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                     Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kDouble, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* result_value = irb_.CreateFPTrunc(src_value, irb_.getJFloatTy());
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kFloat, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_IntArithm(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                        Instruction const* insn,
                                        IntArithmKind arithm,
                                        JType op_jty,
                                        bool is_2addr) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  DCHECK(op_jty == kInt || op_jty == kLong) << op_jty;

  llvm::Value* src1_value;
  llvm::Value* src2_value;

  if (is_2addr) {
    src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, op_jty, kAccurate);
    src2_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, op_jty, kAccurate);
  } else {
    src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, op_jty, kAccurate);
    src2_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vC, op_jty, kAccurate);
  }

  llvm::Value* result_value =
    EmitIntArithmResultComputation(dex_pc, src1_value, src2_value,
                                   arithm, op_jty);

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, op_jty, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_IntArithmImmediate(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                 Instruction const* insn,
                                                 IntArithmKind arithm) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kInt, kAccurate);

  llvm::Value* imm_value = irb_.getInt32(dec_insn.vC);

  llvm::Value* result_value =
    EmitIntArithmResultComputation(dex_pc, src_value, imm_value, arithm, kInt);

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


llvm::Value*
MethodCompiler::EmitIntArithmResultComputation(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                               llvm::Value* lhs,
                                               llvm::Value* rhs,
                                               IntArithmKind arithm,
                                               JType op_jty) {
  DCHECK(op_jty == kInt || op_jty == kLong) << op_jty;

  switch (arithm) {
  case kIntArithm_Add:
    return irb_.CreateAdd(lhs, rhs);

  case kIntArithm_Sub:
    return irb_.CreateSub(lhs, rhs);

  case kIntArithm_Mul:
    return irb_.CreateMul(lhs, rhs);

  case kIntArithm_Div:
  case kIntArithm_Rem:
    return EmitIntDivRemResultComputation(dex_pc, lhs, rhs, arithm, op_jty);

  case kIntArithm_And:
    return irb_.CreateAnd(lhs, rhs);

  case kIntArithm_Or:
    return irb_.CreateOr(lhs, rhs);

  case kIntArithm_Xor:
    return irb_.CreateXor(lhs, rhs);

  default:
    LOG(FATAL) << "Unknown integer arithmetic kind: " << arithm;
    return NULL;
  }
}


llvm::Value*
MethodCompiler::EmitIntDivRemResultComputation(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                               llvm::Value* dividend,
                                               llvm::Value* divisor,
                                               IntArithmKind arithm,
                                               JType op_jty) {
  // Throw exception if the divisor is 0.
  EmitGuard_DivZeroException(dex_pc, divisor, op_jty);

  // Check the special case: MININT / -1 = MININT
  // That case will cause overflow, which is undefined behavior in llvm.
  // So we check the divisor is -1 or not, if the divisor is -1, we do
  // the special path to avoid undefined behavior.
  llvm::Type* op_type = irb_.getJType(op_jty, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* zero = irb_.getJZero(op_jty);
  llvm::Value* neg_one = llvm::ConstantInt::getSigned(op_type, -1);
  llvm::Value* result = irb_.CreateAlloca(op_type);

  llvm::BasicBlock* eq_neg_one = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "eq_neg_one");
  llvm::BasicBlock* ne_neg_one = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "ne_neg_one");
  llvm::BasicBlock* neg_one_cont = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "neg_one_cont");

  llvm::Value* is_equal_neg_one = EmitConditionResult(divisor, neg_one, kCondBranch_EQ);
  irb_.CreateCondBr(is_equal_neg_one, eq_neg_one, ne_neg_one, kUnlikely);

  // If divisor == -1
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(eq_neg_one);
  llvm::Value* eq_result;
  if (arithm == kIntArithm_Div) {
    // We can just change from "dividend div -1" to "neg dividend".
    // The sub don't care the sign/unsigned because of two's complement representation.
    // And the behavior is what we want:
    //  -(2^n)        (2^n)-1
    //  MININT  < k <= MAXINT    ->     mul k -1  =  -k
    //  MININT == k              ->     mul k -1  =   k
    //
    // LLVM use sub to represent 'neg'
    eq_result = irb_.CreateSub(zero, dividend);
  } else {
    // Everything modulo -1 will be 0.
    eq_result = zero;
  }
  irb_.CreateStore(eq_result, result, kTBAAStackTemp);
  irb_.CreateBr(neg_one_cont);

  // If divisor != -1, just do the division.
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(ne_neg_one);
  llvm::Value* ne_result;
  if (arithm == kIntArithm_Div) {
    ne_result = irb_.CreateSDiv(dividend, divisor);
  } else {
    ne_result = irb_.CreateSRem(dividend, divisor);
  }
  irb_.CreateStore(ne_result, result, kTBAAStackTemp);
  irb_.CreateBr(neg_one_cont);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(neg_one_cont);
  return irb_.CreateLoad(result, kTBAAStackTemp);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_IntShiftArithm(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                             Instruction const* insn,
                                             IntShiftArithmKind arithm,
                                             JType op_jty,
                                             bool is_2addr) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  DCHECK(op_jty == kInt || op_jty == kLong) << op_jty;

  llvm::Value* src1_value;
  llvm::Value* src2_value;

  // NOTE: The 2nd operand of the shift arithmetic instruction is
  // 32-bit integer regardless of the 1st operand.
  if (is_2addr) {
    src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, op_jty, kAccurate);
    src2_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kInt, kAccurate);
  } else {
    src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, op_jty, kAccurate);
    src2_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vC, kInt, kAccurate);
  }

  llvm::Value* result_value =
    EmitIntShiftArithmResultComputation(dex_pc, src1_value, src2_value,
                                        arithm, op_jty);

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, op_jty, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::
EmitInsn_IntShiftArithmImmediate(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                 Instruction const* insn,
                                 IntShiftArithmKind arithm) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kInt, kAccurate);

  llvm::Value* imm_value = irb_.getInt32(dec_insn.vC);

  llvm::Value* result_value =
    EmitIntShiftArithmResultComputation(dex_pc, src_value, imm_value,
                                        arithm, kInt);

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


llvm::Value*
MethodCompiler::EmitIntShiftArithmResultComputation(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                    llvm::Value* lhs,
                                                    llvm::Value* rhs,
                                                    IntShiftArithmKind arithm,
                                                    JType op_jty) {
  DCHECK(op_jty == kInt || op_jty == kLong) << op_jty;

  if (op_jty == kInt) {
    rhs = irb_.CreateAnd(rhs, 0x1f);
  } else {
    llvm::Value* masked_rhs = irb_.CreateAnd(rhs, 0x3f);
    rhs = irb_.CreateZExt(masked_rhs, irb_.getJLongTy());
  }

  switch (arithm) {
  case kIntArithm_Shl:
    return irb_.CreateShl(lhs, rhs);

  case kIntArithm_Shr:
    return irb_.CreateAShr(lhs, rhs);

  case kIntArithm_UShr:
    return irb_.CreateLShr(lhs, rhs);

  default:
    LOG(FATAL) << "Unknown integer shift arithmetic kind: " << arithm;
    return NULL;
  }
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_RSubImmediate(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                            Instruction const* insn) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  llvm::Value* src_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, kInt, kAccurate);
  llvm::Value* imm_value = irb_.getInt32(dec_insn.vC);
  llvm::Value* result_value = irb_.CreateSub(imm_value, src_value);
  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, kInt, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitInsn_FPArithm(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                       Instruction const* insn,
                                       FPArithmKind arithm,
                                       JType op_jty,
                                       bool is_2addr) {

  DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

  DCHECK(op_jty == kFloat || op_jty == kDouble) << op_jty;

  llvm::Value* src1_value;
  llvm::Value* src2_value;

  if (is_2addr) {
    src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, op_jty, kAccurate);
    src2_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, op_jty, kAccurate);
  } else {
    src1_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vB, op_jty, kAccurate);
    src2_value = EmitLoadDalvikReg(dec_insn.vC, op_jty, kAccurate);
  }

  llvm::Value* result_value =
    EmitFPArithmResultComputation(dex_pc, src1_value, src2_value, arithm);

  EmitStoreDalvikReg(dec_insn.vA, op_jty, kAccurate, result_value);

  irb_.CreateBr(GetNextBasicBlock(dex_pc));
}


llvm::Value*
MethodCompiler::EmitFPArithmResultComputation(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                              llvm::Value *lhs,
                                              llvm::Value *rhs,
                                              FPArithmKind arithm) {
  switch (arithm) {
  case kFPArithm_Add:
    return irb_.CreateFAdd(lhs, rhs);

  case kFPArithm_Sub:
    return irb_.CreateFSub(lhs, rhs);

  case kFPArithm_Mul:
    return irb_.CreateFMul(lhs, rhs);

  case kFPArithm_Div:
    return irb_.CreateFDiv(lhs, rhs);

  case kFPArithm_Rem:
    return irb_.CreateFRem(lhs, rhs);

  default:
    LOG(FATAL) << "Unknown floating-point arithmetic kind: " << arithm;
    return NULL;
  }
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitGuard_DivZeroException(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                llvm::Value* denominator,
                                                JType op_jty) {
  DCHECK(op_jty == kInt || op_jty == kLong) << op_jty;

  llvm::Constant* zero = irb_.getJZero(op_jty);

  llvm::Value* equal_zero = irb_.CreateICmpEQ(denominator, zero);

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_exception = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "div0");

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_continue = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "cont");

  irb_.CreateCondBr(equal_zero, block_exception, block_continue, kUnlikely);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_exception);
  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);
  irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(ThrowDivZeroException));
  EmitBranchExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_continue);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitGuard_NullPointerException(uint32_t dex_pc,
                                                    llvm::Value* object) {
  llvm::Value* equal_null = irb_.CreateICmpEQ(object, irb_.getJNull());

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_exception =
    CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "nullp");

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_continue =
    CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "cont");

  irb_.CreateCondBr(equal_null, block_exception, block_continue, kUnlikely);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_exception);
  EmitUpdateDexPC(dex_pc);
  irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(ThrowNullPointerException), irb_.getInt32(dex_pc));
  EmitBranchExceptionLandingPad(dex_pc);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_continue);
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::EmitLoadDexCacheAddr(MemberOffset offset) {
  llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

  return irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(method_object_addr,
                                   offset.Int32Value(),
                                   irb_.getJObjectTy(),
                                   kTBAAConstJObject);
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::
EmitLoadDexCacheStaticStorageFieldAddr(uint32_t type_idx) {
  llvm::Value* static_storage_dex_cache_addr =
    EmitLoadDexCacheAddr(Method::DexCacheInitializedStaticStorageOffset());

  llvm::Value* type_idx_value = irb_.getPtrEquivInt(type_idx);

  return EmitArrayGEP(static_storage_dex_cache_addr, type_idx_value, kObject);
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::
EmitLoadDexCacheResolvedTypeFieldAddr(uint32_t type_idx) {
  llvm::Value* resolved_type_dex_cache_addr =
    EmitLoadDexCacheAddr(Method::DexCacheResolvedTypesOffset());

  llvm::Value* type_idx_value = irb_.getPtrEquivInt(type_idx);

  return EmitArrayGEP(resolved_type_dex_cache_addr, type_idx_value, kObject);
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::
EmitLoadDexCacheResolvedMethodFieldAddr(uint32_t method_idx) {
  llvm::Value* resolved_method_dex_cache_addr =
    EmitLoadDexCacheAddr(Method::DexCacheResolvedMethodsOffset());

  llvm::Value* method_idx_value = irb_.getPtrEquivInt(method_idx);

  return EmitArrayGEP(resolved_method_dex_cache_addr, method_idx_value, kObject);
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::
EmitLoadDexCacheStringFieldAddr(uint32_t string_idx) {
  llvm::Value* string_dex_cache_addr =
    EmitLoadDexCacheAddr(Method::DexCacheStringsOffset());

  llvm::Value* string_idx_value = irb_.getPtrEquivInt(string_idx);

  return EmitArrayGEP(string_dex_cache_addr, string_idx_value, kObject);
}


CompiledMethod *MethodCompiler::Compile() {
  // TODO: Use high-level IR to do this
  // Compute method info
  ComputeMethodInfo();

  // Code generation
  CreateFunction();

  EmitPrologue();
  EmitInstructions();
  EmitPrologueLastBranch();

  // Verify the generated bitcode
  VERIFY_LLVM_FUNCTION(*func_);

  // Add the memory usage approximation of the compilation unit
  cunit_->AddMemUsageApproximation(code_item_->insns_size_in_code_units_ * 900);
  // NOTE: From statistics, the bitcode size is 4.5 times bigger than the
  // Dex file.  Besides, we have to convert the code unit into bytes.
  // Thus, we got our magic number 9.

  CompiledMethod* compiled_method =
    new CompiledMethod(cunit_->GetInstructionSet(),
                       cunit_->GetElfIndex(),
                       elf_func_idx_);

  cunit_->RegisterCompiledMethod(func_, compiled_method);

  return compiled_method;
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr() {
  return func_->arg_begin();
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitBranchExceptionLandingPad(uint32_t dex_pc) {
  if (llvm::BasicBlock* lpad = GetLandingPadBasicBlock(dex_pc)) {
    irb_.CreateBr(lpad);
  } else {
    irb_.CreateBr(GetUnwindBasicBlock());
  }
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitGuard_ExceptionLandingPad(uint32_t dex_pc) {
  llvm::Value* exception_pending =
    irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(IsExceptionPending));

  llvm::BasicBlock* block_cont = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc, "cont");

  if (llvm::BasicBlock* lpad = GetLandingPadBasicBlock(dex_pc)) {
    irb_.CreateCondBr(exception_pending, lpad, block_cont, kUnlikely);
  } else {
    irb_.CreateCondBr(exception_pending, GetUnwindBasicBlock(), block_cont, kUnlikely);
  }

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_cont);
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitGuard_GarbageCollectionSuspend(uint32_t dex_pc) {
  if (!method_info_.need_shadow_frame_entry) {
    return;
  }

  llvm::Value* runtime_func = irb_.GetRuntime(TestSuspend);

  llvm::Value* thread_object_addr = irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(GetCurrentThread));

  irb_.CreateCall(runtime_func, thread_object_addr);
}


llvm::BasicBlock* MethodCompiler::
CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(uint32_t dex_pc, char const* postfix) {
  std::string name;

#if !defined(NDEBUG)
  if (postfix) {
    StringAppendF(&name, "B%04x.%s", dex_pc, postfix);
  } else {
    StringAppendF(&name, "B%04x", dex_pc);
  }
#endif

  return llvm::BasicBlock::Create(*context_, name, func_);
}


llvm::BasicBlock* MethodCompiler::GetBasicBlock(uint32_t dex_pc) {
  DCHECK(dex_pc < code_item_->insns_size_in_code_units_);

  llvm::BasicBlock* basic_block = basic_blocks_[dex_pc];

  if (!basic_block) {
    basic_block = CreateBasicBlockWithDexPC(dex_pc);
    basic_blocks_[dex_pc] = basic_block;
  }

  return basic_block;
}


llvm::BasicBlock*
MethodCompiler::GetNextBasicBlock(uint32_t dex_pc) {
  Instruction const* insn = Instruction::At(code_item_->insns_ + dex_pc);
  return GetBasicBlock(dex_pc + insn->SizeInCodeUnits());
}


int32_t MethodCompiler::GetTryItemOffset(uint32_t dex_pc) {
  // TODO: Since we are emitting the dex instructions in ascending order
  // w.r.t.  address, we can cache the lastest try item offset so that we
  // don't have to do binary search for every query.

  int32_t min = 0;
  int32_t max = code_item_->tries_size_ - 1;

  while (min <= max) {
    int32_t mid = min + (max - min) / 2;

    DexFile::TryItem const* ti = DexFile::GetTryItems(*code_item_, mid);
    uint32_t start = ti->start_addr_;
    uint32_t end = start + ti->insn_count_;

    if (dex_pc < start) {
      max = mid - 1;
    } else if (dex_pc >= end) {
      min = mid + 1;
    } else {
      return mid; // found
    }
  }

  return -1; // not found
}


llvm::BasicBlock* MethodCompiler::GetLandingPadBasicBlock(uint32_t dex_pc) {
  // Find the try item for this address in this method
  int32_t ti_offset = GetTryItemOffset(dex_pc);

  if (ti_offset == -1) {
    return NULL; // No landing pad is available for this address.
  }

  // Check for the existing landing pad basic block
  DCHECK_GT(basic_block_landing_pads_.size(), static_cast<size_t>(ti_offset));
  llvm::BasicBlock* block_lpad = basic_block_landing_pads_[ti_offset];

  if (block_lpad) {
    // We have generated landing pad for this try item already.  Return the
    // same basic block.
    return block_lpad;
  }

  // Get try item from code item
  DexFile::TryItem const* ti = DexFile::GetTryItems(*code_item_, ti_offset);

  std::string lpadname;

#if !defined(NDEBUG)
  StringAppendF(&lpadname, "lpad%d_%04x_to_%04x", ti_offset, ti->start_addr_, ti->handler_off_);
#endif

  // Create landing pad basic block
  block_lpad = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(*context_, lpadname, func_);

  // Change IRBuilder insert point
  llvm::IRBuilderBase::InsertPoint irb_ip_original = irb_.saveIP();
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_lpad);

  // Find catch block with matching type
  llvm::Value* method_object_addr = EmitLoadMethodObjectAddr();

  llvm::Value* ti_offset_value = irb_.getInt32(ti_offset);

  llvm::Value* catch_handler_index_value =
    irb_.CreateCall2(irb_.GetRuntime(FindCatchBlock),
                     method_object_addr, ti_offset_value);

  // Switch instruction (Go to unwind basic block by default)
  llvm::SwitchInst* sw =
    irb_.CreateSwitch(catch_handler_index_value, GetUnwindBasicBlock());

  // Cases with matched catch block
  CatchHandlerIterator iter(*code_item_, ti->start_addr_);

  for (uint32_t c = 0; iter.HasNext(); iter.Next(), ++c) {
    sw->addCase(irb_.getInt32(c), GetBasicBlock(iter.GetHandlerAddress()));
  }

  // Restore the orignal insert point for IRBuilder
  irb_.restoreIP(irb_ip_original);

  // Cache this landing pad
  DCHECK_GT(basic_block_landing_pads_.size(), static_cast<size_t>(ti_offset));
  basic_block_landing_pads_[ti_offset] = block_lpad;

  return block_lpad;
}


llvm::BasicBlock* MethodCompiler::GetUnwindBasicBlock() {
  // Check the existing unwinding baisc block block
  if (basic_block_unwind_ != NULL) {
    return basic_block_unwind_;
  }

  // Create new basic block for unwinding
  basic_block_unwind_ =
    llvm::BasicBlock::Create(*context_, "exception_unwind", func_);

  // Change IRBuilder insert point
  llvm::IRBuilderBase::InsertPoint irb_ip_original = irb_.saveIP();
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(basic_block_unwind_);

  // Pop the shadow frame
  EmitPopShadowFrame();

  // Emit the code to return default value (zero) for the given return type.
  char ret_shorty = oat_compilation_unit_->GetShorty()[0];
  if (ret_shorty == 'V') {
    irb_.CreateRetVoid();
  } else {
    irb_.CreateRet(irb_.getJZero(ret_shorty));
  }

  // Restore the orignal insert point for IRBuilder
  irb_.restoreIP(irb_ip_original);

  return basic_block_unwind_;
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::AllocDalvikLocalVarReg(RegCategory cat,
                                                    uint32_t reg_idx) {
  // Get reg_type and reg_name from DalvikReg
  llvm::Type* reg_type = DalvikReg::GetRegCategoryEquivSizeTy(irb_, cat);
  std::string reg_name;

#if !defined(NDEBUG)
  StringAppendF(&reg_name, "%c%u", DalvikReg::GetRegCategoryNamePrefix(cat), reg_idx);
#endif

  // Save current IR builder insert point
  llvm::IRBuilderBase::InsertPoint irb_ip_original = irb_.saveIP();
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(basic_block_alloca_);

  // Alloca
  llvm::Value* reg_addr = irb_.CreateAlloca(reg_type, 0, reg_name);

  // Restore IRBuilder insert point
  irb_.restoreIP(irb_ip_original);

  DCHECK_NE(reg_addr, static_cast<llvm::Value*>(NULL));
  return reg_addr;
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::AllocShadowFrameEntry(uint32_t reg_idx) {
  if (reg_to_shadow_frame_index_[reg_idx] == -1) {
    // This register dosen't need ShadowFrame entry
    return NULL;
  }

  if (!method_info_.need_shadow_frame_entry) {
    return NULL;
  }

  std::string reg_name;

#if !defined(NDEBUG)
  StringAppendF(&reg_name, "o%u", reg_idx);
#endif

  // Save current IR builder insert point
  llvm::IRBuilderBase::InsertPoint irb_ip_original = irb_.saveIP();

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(basic_block_shadow_frame_);

  llvm::Value* gep_index[] = {
    irb_.getInt32(0), // No pointer displacement
    irb_.getInt32(1), // SIRT
    irb_.getInt32(reg_to_shadow_frame_index_[reg_idx]) // Pointer field
  };

  llvm::Value* reg_addr = irb_.CreateGEP(shadow_frame_, gep_index, reg_name);

  // Restore IRBuilder insert point
  irb_.restoreIP(irb_ip_original);

  DCHECK_NE(reg_addr, static_cast<llvm::Value*>(NULL));
  return reg_addr;
}


llvm::Value* MethodCompiler::AllocDalvikRetValReg(RegCategory cat) {
  // Get reg_type and reg_name from DalvikReg
  llvm::Type* reg_type = DalvikReg::GetRegCategoryEquivSizeTy(irb_, cat);
  std::string reg_name;

#if !defined(NDEBUG)
  StringAppendF(&reg_name, "%c_res", DalvikReg::GetRegCategoryNamePrefix(cat));
#endif

  // Save current IR builder insert point
  llvm::IRBuilderBase::InsertPoint irb_ip_original = irb_.saveIP();
  irb_.SetInsertPoint(basic_block_alloca_);

  // Alloca
  llvm::Value* reg_addr = irb_.CreateAlloca(reg_type, 0, reg_name);

  // Restore IRBuilder insert point
  irb_.restoreIP(irb_ip_original);

  DCHECK_NE(reg_addr, static_cast<llvm::Value*>(NULL));
  return reg_addr;
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitPopShadowFrame() {
  if (!method_info_.need_shadow_frame) {
    return;
  }
  irb_.CreateCall(irb_.GetRuntime(PopShadowFrame));
}


void MethodCompiler::EmitUpdateDexPC(uint32_t dex_pc) {
  if (!method_info_.need_shadow_frame) {
    return;
  }
  irb_.StoreToObjectOffset(shadow_frame_,
                           ShadowFrame::DexPCOffset(),
                           irb_.getInt32(dex_pc),
                           kTBAAShadowFrame);
}


// TODO: Use high-level IR to do this
bool MethodCompiler::EmitInlineJavaIntrinsic(const std::string& callee_method_name,
                                             const std::vector<llvm::Value*>& args,
                                             llvm::BasicBlock* after_invoke) {
  if (callee_method_name == "char java.lang.String.charAt(int)") {
    return EmitInlinedStringCharAt(args, after_invoke);
  }
  if (callee_method_name == "int java.lang.String.length()") {
    return EmitInlinedStringLength(args, after_invoke);
  }
  return true;
}

bool MethodCompiler::EmitInlinedStringCharAt(const std::vector<llvm::Value*>& args,
                                             llvm::BasicBlock* after_invoke) {
  DCHECK_EQ(args.size(), 3U) <<
      "char java.lang.String.charAt(int) has 3 args: method, this, char_index";
  llvm::Value* this_object = args[1];
  llvm::Value* char_index = args[2];
  llvm::BasicBlock* block_retry = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(*context_, "CharAtRetry", func_);
  llvm::BasicBlock* block_cont = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(*context_, "CharAtCont", func_);

  // TODO: Can we safely say the String.count is ConstJObject(constant memory)? (there are so many
  // iput to String.count in the String.<init>(...))
  llvm::Value* string_count = irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(this_object,
                                                        String::CountOffset().Int32Value(),
                                                        irb_.getJIntTy(),
                                                        kTBAAHeapInstance, kInt);
  // Two's complement, so we can use only one "less than" to check "in bounds"
  llvm::Value* in_bounds = irb_.CreateICmpULT(char_index, string_count);
  irb_.CreateCondBr(in_bounds, block_cont, block_retry, kLikely);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_cont);
  // TODO: Can we safely say the String.offset is ConstJObject(constant memory)?
  llvm::Value* string_offset = irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(this_object,
                                                         String::OffsetOffset().Int32Value(),
                                                         irb_.getJIntTy(),
                                                         kTBAAHeapInstance, kInt);
  llvm::Value* string_value = irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(this_object,
                                                        String::ValueOffset().Int32Value(),
                                                        irb_.getJObjectTy(),
                                                        kTBAAHeapInstance, kObject);

  // index_value = string.offset + char_index
  llvm::Value* index_value = irb_.CreateAdd(string_offset, char_index);

  // array_elem_value = string.value[index_value]
  llvm::Value* array_elem_addr = EmitArrayGEP(string_value, index_value, kChar);
  llvm::Value* array_elem_value = irb_.CreateLoad(array_elem_addr, kTBAAHeapArray, kChar);

  EmitStoreDalvikRetValReg(kChar, kArray, array_elem_value);
  irb_.CreateBr(after_invoke);

  irb_.SetInsertPoint(block_retry);
  return true;
}

bool MethodCompiler::EmitInlinedStringLength(const std::vector<llvm::Value*>& args,
                                             llvm::BasicBlock* after_invoke) {
  DCHECK_EQ(args.size(), 2U) <<
      "int java.lang.String.length() has 2 args: method, this";
  llvm::Value* this_object = args[1];
  // TODO: Can we safely say the String.count is ConstJObject(constant memory)?
  llvm::Value* string_count = irb_.LoadFromObjectOffset(this_object,
                                                        String::CountOffset().Int32Value(),
                                                        irb_.getJIntTy(),
                                                        kTBAAHeapInstance, kInt);
  EmitStoreDalvikRetValReg(kInt, kAccurate, string_count);
  irb_.CreateBr(after_invoke);
  return false;
}


// TODO: Use high-level IR to do this
void MethodCompiler::ComputeMethodInfo() {
  // If this method is static, we set the "this" register index to -1. So we don't worry about this
  // method is static or not in the following comparison.
  int64_t this_reg_idx = (oat_compilation_unit_->IsStatic()) ?
                         (-1) :
                         (code_item_->registers_size_ - code_item_->ins_size_);
  bool has_invoke = false;
  bool may_have_loop = false;
  bool modify_this = false;
  bool may_throw_exception = false;

  Instruction const* insn;
  for (uint32_t dex_pc = 0;
       dex_pc < code_item_->insns_size_in_code_units_;
       dex_pc += insn->SizeInCodeUnits()) {
    insn = Instruction::At(code_item_->insns_ + dex_pc);
    DecodedInstruction dec_insn(insn);

    switch (insn->Opcode()) {
    case Instruction::NOP:
      break;

    case Instruction::MOVE:
    case Instruction::MOVE_FROM16:
    case Instruction::MOVE_16:
    case Instruction::MOVE_WIDE:
    case Instruction::MOVE_WIDE_FROM16:
    case Instruction::MOVE_WIDE_16:
    case Instruction::MOVE_OBJECT:
    case Instruction::MOVE_OBJECT_FROM16:
    case Instruction::MOVE_OBJECT_16:
    case Instruction::MOVE_RESULT:
    case Instruction::MOVE_RESULT_WIDE:
    case Instruction::MOVE_RESULT_OBJECT:
    case Instruction::MOVE_EXCEPTION:
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::RETURN_VOID:
    case Instruction::RETURN:
    case Instruction::RETURN_WIDE:
    case Instruction::RETURN_OBJECT:
      break;

    case Instruction::CONST_4:
    case Instruction::CONST_16:
    case Instruction::CONST:
    case Instruction::CONST_HIGH16:
    case Instruction::CONST_WIDE_16:
    case Instruction::CONST_WIDE_32:
    case Instruction::CONST_WIDE:
    case Instruction::CONST_WIDE_HIGH16:
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::CONST_STRING:
    case Instruction::CONST_STRING_JUMBO:
      // TODO: Will the ResolveString throw exception?
      if (!compiler_->CanAssumeStringIsPresentInDexCache(dex_cache_, dec_insn.vB)) {
        may_throw_exception = true;
      }
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::CONST_CLASS:
      may_throw_exception = true;
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::MONITOR_ENTER:
    case Instruction::MONITOR_EXIT:
    case Instruction::CHECK_CAST:
      may_throw_exception = true;
      break;

    case Instruction::INSTANCE_OF:
      may_throw_exception = true;
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::ARRAY_LENGTH:
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::NEW_INSTANCE:
    case Instruction::NEW_ARRAY:
      may_throw_exception = true;
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::FILLED_NEW_ARRAY:
    case Instruction::FILLED_NEW_ARRAY_RANGE:
    case Instruction::FILL_ARRAY_DATA:
    case Instruction::THROW:
      may_throw_exception = true;
      break;

    case Instruction::GOTO:
    case Instruction::GOTO_16:
    case Instruction::GOTO_32:
      {
        int32_t branch_offset = dec_insn.vA;
        if (branch_offset <= 0) {
          Instruction const* target = Instruction::At(code_item_->insns_ + dex_pc + branch_offset);
          // According to the statistics, there are a few methods have "fake" back edge, which means
          // the backedge is not for a loop.
          // The most "fake" edges in the small methods are just branches to a return instruction. So
          // we can do an simple check to avoid false loop detection. After we have a high-level IR
          // before IRBuilder, we should remove this trick.
          switch (target->Opcode()) {
          default:
            may_have_loop = true;
            break;
          case Instruction::RETURN_VOID:
          case Instruction::RETURN:
          case Instruction::RETURN_WIDE:
          case Instruction::RETURN_OBJECT:
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::PACKED_SWITCH:
    case Instruction::SPARSE_SWITCH:
      break;

    case Instruction::CMPL_FLOAT:
    case Instruction::CMPG_FLOAT:
    case Instruction::CMPL_DOUBLE:
    case Instruction::CMPG_DOUBLE:
    case Instruction::CMP_LONG:
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::IF_EQ:
    case Instruction::IF_NE:
    case Instruction::IF_LT:
    case Instruction::IF_GE:
    case Instruction::IF_GT:
    case Instruction::IF_LE:
      {
        int32_t branch_offset = dec_insn.vC;
        if (branch_offset <= 0) {
          Instruction const* target = Instruction::At(code_item_->insns_ + dex_pc + branch_offset);
          switch (target->Opcode()) {
          default:
            may_have_loop = true;
            break;
          case Instruction::RETURN_VOID:
          case Instruction::RETURN:
          case Instruction::RETURN_WIDE:
          case Instruction::RETURN_OBJECT:
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::IF_EQZ:
    case Instruction::IF_NEZ:
    case Instruction::IF_LTZ:
    case Instruction::IF_GEZ:
    case Instruction::IF_GTZ:
    case Instruction::IF_LEZ:
      {
        int32_t branch_offset = dec_insn.vB;
        if (branch_offset <= 0) {
          Instruction const* target = Instruction::At(code_item_->insns_ + dex_pc + branch_offset);
          switch (target->Opcode()) {
          default:
            may_have_loop = true;
            break;
          case Instruction::RETURN_VOID:
          case Instruction::RETURN:
          case Instruction::RETURN_WIDE:
          case Instruction::RETURN_OBJECT:
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::AGET:
    case Instruction::AGET_WIDE:
    case Instruction::AGET_OBJECT:
    case Instruction::AGET_BOOLEAN:
    case Instruction::AGET_BYTE:
    case Instruction::AGET_CHAR:
    case Instruction::AGET_SHORT:
      may_throw_exception = true;
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::APUT:
    case Instruction::APUT_WIDE:
    case Instruction::APUT_OBJECT:
    case Instruction::APUT_BOOLEAN:
    case Instruction::APUT_BYTE:
    case Instruction::APUT_CHAR:
    case Instruction::APUT_SHORT:
      may_throw_exception = true;
      break;

    case Instruction::IGET:
    case Instruction::IGET_WIDE:
    case Instruction::IGET_OBJECT:
    case Instruction::IGET_BOOLEAN:
    case Instruction::IGET_BYTE:
    case Instruction::IGET_CHAR:
    case Instruction::IGET_SHORT:
      {
        if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
          modify_this = true;
        }
        uint32_t reg_idx = dec_insn.vB;
        uint32_t field_idx = dec_insn.vC;
        int field_offset;
        bool is_volatile;
        bool is_fast_path = compiler_->ComputeInstanceFieldInfo(
          field_idx, oat_compilation_unit_, field_offset, is_volatile, false);
        if (!is_fast_path) {
          may_throw_exception = true;
        } else if (reg_idx != this_reg_idx) {
          // NullPointerException
          may_throw_exception = true;
        }
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::IPUT:
    case Instruction::IPUT_WIDE:
    case Instruction::IPUT_OBJECT:
    case Instruction::IPUT_BOOLEAN:
    case Instruction::IPUT_BYTE:
    case Instruction::IPUT_CHAR:
    case Instruction::IPUT_SHORT:
      {
        uint32_t reg_idx = dec_insn.vB;
        uint32_t field_idx = dec_insn.vC;
        int field_offset;
        bool is_volatile;
        bool is_fast_path = compiler_->ComputeInstanceFieldInfo(
          field_idx, oat_compilation_unit_, field_offset, is_volatile, true);
        if (!is_fast_path) {
          may_throw_exception = true;
        } else if (reg_idx != this_reg_idx) {
          // NullPointerException
          may_throw_exception = true;
        }
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::SGET:
    case Instruction::SGET_WIDE:
    case Instruction::SGET_OBJECT:
    case Instruction::SGET_BOOLEAN:
    case Instruction::SGET_BYTE:
    case Instruction::SGET_CHAR:
    case Instruction::SGET_SHORT:
      {
        if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
          modify_this = true;
        }
        uint32_t field_idx = dec_insn.vB;

        int field_offset;
        int ssb_index;
        bool is_referrers_class;
        bool is_volatile;

        bool is_fast_path = compiler_->ComputeStaticFieldInfo(
          field_idx, oat_compilation_unit_, field_offset, ssb_index,
          is_referrers_class, is_volatile, false);
        if (!is_fast_path || !is_referrers_class) {
          may_throw_exception = true;
        }
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::SPUT:
    case Instruction::SPUT_WIDE:
    case Instruction::SPUT_OBJECT:
    case Instruction::SPUT_BOOLEAN:
    case Instruction::SPUT_BYTE:
    case Instruction::SPUT_CHAR:
    case Instruction::SPUT_SHORT:
      {
        uint32_t field_idx = dec_insn.vB;

        int field_offset;
        int ssb_index;
        bool is_referrers_class;
        bool is_volatile;

        bool is_fast_path = compiler_->ComputeStaticFieldInfo(
          field_idx, oat_compilation_unit_, field_offset, ssb_index,
          is_referrers_class, is_volatile, true);
        if (!is_fast_path || !is_referrers_class) {
          may_throw_exception = true;
        }
      }
      break;


    case Instruction::INVOKE_VIRTUAL:
    case Instruction::INVOKE_SUPER:
    case Instruction::INVOKE_DIRECT:
    case Instruction::INVOKE_STATIC:
    case Instruction::INVOKE_INTERFACE:
    case Instruction::INVOKE_VIRTUAL_RANGE:
    case Instruction::INVOKE_SUPER_RANGE:
    case Instruction::INVOKE_DIRECT_RANGE:
    case Instruction::INVOKE_STATIC_RANGE:
    case Instruction::INVOKE_INTERFACE_RANGE:
      has_invoke = true;
      may_throw_exception = true;
      break;

    case Instruction::NEG_INT:
    case Instruction::NOT_INT:
    case Instruction::NEG_LONG:
    case Instruction::NOT_LONG:
    case Instruction::NEG_FLOAT:
    case Instruction::NEG_DOUBLE:
    case Instruction::INT_TO_LONG:
    case Instruction::INT_TO_FLOAT:
    case Instruction::INT_TO_DOUBLE:
    case Instruction::LONG_TO_INT:
    case Instruction::LONG_TO_FLOAT:
    case Instruction::LONG_TO_DOUBLE:
    case Instruction::FLOAT_TO_INT:
    case Instruction::FLOAT_TO_LONG:
    case Instruction::FLOAT_TO_DOUBLE:
    case Instruction::DOUBLE_TO_INT:
    case Instruction::DOUBLE_TO_LONG:
    case Instruction::DOUBLE_TO_FLOAT:
    case Instruction::INT_TO_BYTE:
    case Instruction::INT_TO_CHAR:
    case Instruction::INT_TO_SHORT:
    case Instruction::ADD_INT:
    case Instruction::SUB_INT:
    case Instruction::MUL_INT:
    case Instruction::AND_INT:
    case Instruction::OR_INT:
    case Instruction::XOR_INT:
    case Instruction::SHL_INT:
    case Instruction::SHR_INT:
    case Instruction::USHR_INT:
    case Instruction::ADD_LONG:
    case Instruction::SUB_LONG:
    case Instruction::MUL_LONG:
    case Instruction::AND_LONG:
    case Instruction::OR_LONG:
    case Instruction::XOR_LONG:
    case Instruction::SHL_LONG:
    case Instruction::SHR_LONG:
    case Instruction::USHR_LONG:
    case Instruction::ADD_INT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::SUB_INT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::MUL_INT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::AND_INT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::OR_INT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::XOR_INT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::SHL_INT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::SHR_INT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::USHR_INT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::ADD_LONG_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::SUB_LONG_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::MUL_LONG_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::AND_LONG_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::OR_LONG_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::XOR_LONG_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::SHL_LONG_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::SHR_LONG_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::USHR_LONG_2ADDR:
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::DIV_INT:
    case Instruction::REM_INT:
    case Instruction::DIV_LONG:
    case Instruction::REM_LONG:
    case Instruction::DIV_INT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::REM_INT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::DIV_LONG_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::REM_LONG_2ADDR:
      may_throw_exception = true;
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::ADD_FLOAT:
    case Instruction::SUB_FLOAT:
    case Instruction::MUL_FLOAT:
    case Instruction::DIV_FLOAT:
    case Instruction::REM_FLOAT:
    case Instruction::ADD_DOUBLE:
    case Instruction::SUB_DOUBLE:
    case Instruction::MUL_DOUBLE:
    case Instruction::DIV_DOUBLE:
    case Instruction::REM_DOUBLE:
    case Instruction::ADD_FLOAT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::SUB_FLOAT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::MUL_FLOAT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::DIV_FLOAT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::REM_FLOAT_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::ADD_DOUBLE_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::SUB_DOUBLE_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::MUL_DOUBLE_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::DIV_DOUBLE_2ADDR:
    case Instruction::REM_DOUBLE_2ADDR:
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::ADD_INT_LIT16:
    case Instruction::ADD_INT_LIT8:
    case Instruction::RSUB_INT:
    case Instruction::RSUB_INT_LIT8:
    case Instruction::MUL_INT_LIT16:
    case Instruction::MUL_INT_LIT8:
    case Instruction::AND_INT_LIT16:
    case Instruction::AND_INT_LIT8:
    case Instruction::OR_INT_LIT16:
    case Instruction::OR_INT_LIT8:
    case Instruction::XOR_INT_LIT16:
    case Instruction::XOR_INT_LIT8:
    case Instruction::SHL_INT_LIT8:
    case Instruction::SHR_INT_LIT8:
    case Instruction::USHR_INT_LIT8:
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;
    case Instruction::DIV_INT_LIT16:
    case Instruction::DIV_INT_LIT8:
    case Instruction::REM_INT_LIT16:
    case Instruction::REM_INT_LIT8:
      if (dec_insn.vC == 0) {
        may_throw_exception = true;
      }
      if (dec_insn.vA == this_reg_idx) {
        modify_this = true;
      }
      break;

    case Instruction::THROW_VERIFICATION_ERROR:
      may_throw_exception = true;
      break;

    case Instruction::UNUSED_3E:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_3F:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_40:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_41:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_42:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_43:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_73:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_79:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_7A:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_E3:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_E4:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_E5:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_E6:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_E7:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_E8:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_E9:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_EA:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_EB:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_EC:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_EE:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_EF:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_F0:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_F1:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_F2:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_F3:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_F4:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_F5:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_F6:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_F7:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_F8:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_F9:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_FA:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_FB:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_FC:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_FD:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_FE:
    case Instruction::UNUSED_FF:
      LOG(FATAL) << "Dex file contains UNUSED bytecode: " << insn->Opcode();
      break;
    }
  }

  method_info_.this_reg_idx = this_reg_idx;
  // According to the statistics, there are few methods that modify the "this" pointer. So this is a
  // simple way to avoid data flow analysis. After we have a high-level IR before IRBuilder, we
  // should remove this trick.
  method_info_.this_will_not_be_null = !modify_this;
  method_info_.has_invoke = has_invoke;
  // If this method has loop or invoke instruction, it may suspend. Thus we need a shadow frame entry
  // for GC.
  method_info_.need_shadow_frame_entry = has_invoke || may_have_loop;
  // If this method may throw an exception, we need a shadow frame for stack trace (dexpc).
  method_info_.need_shadow_frame = method_info_.need_shadow_frame_entry || may_throw_exception;
}



} // namespace compiler_llvm
} // namespace art