runtime/gc/heap-inl.h

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2013 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#ifndef ART_RUNTIME_GC_HEAP_INL_H_
#define ART_RUNTIME_GC_HEAP_INL_H_

#include "heap.h"

#include "debugger.h"
#include "gc/accounting/card_table-inl.h"
#include "gc/collector/semi_space.h"
#include "gc/space/bump_pointer_space-inl.h"
#include "gc/space/dlmalloc_space-inl.h"
#include "gc/space/large_object_space.h"
#include "gc/space/rosalloc_space-inl.h"
#include "runtime.h"
#include "sirt_ref-inl.h"
#include "thread.h"
#include "thread-inl.h"
#include "verify_object-inl.h"

namespace art {
namespace gc {

template <bool kInstrumented, bool kCheckLargeObject, typename PreFenceVisitor>
inline mirror::Object* Heap::AllocObjectWithAllocator(Thread* self, mirror::Class* klass,
                                                      size_t byte_count, AllocatorType allocator,
                                                      const PreFenceVisitor& pre_fence_visitor) {
  if (kIsDebugBuild) {
    CheckPreconditionsForAllocObject(klass, byte_count);
  }
  // Since allocation can cause a GC which will need to SuspendAll, make sure all allocations are
  // done in the runnable state where suspension is expected.
  DCHECK_EQ(self->GetState(), kRunnable);
  self->AssertThreadSuspensionIsAllowable();
  // Need to check that we arent the large object allocator since the large object allocation code
  // path this function. If we didn't check we would have an infinite loop.
  if (kCheckLargeObject && UNLIKELY(ShouldAllocLargeObject(klass, byte_count))) {
    return AllocLargeObject<kInstrumented, PreFenceVisitor>(self, klass, byte_count,
                                                            pre_fence_visitor);
  }
  mirror::Object* obj;
  AllocationTimer alloc_timer(this, &obj);
  size_t bytes_allocated, usable_size;
  obj = TryToAllocate<kInstrumented, false>(self, allocator, byte_count, &bytes_allocated,
                                            &usable_size);
  if (UNLIKELY(obj == nullptr)) {
    bool is_current_allocator = allocator == GetCurrentAllocator();
    obj = AllocateInternalWithGc(self, allocator, byte_count, &bytes_allocated, &usable_size,
                                 &klass);
    if (obj == nullptr) {
      bool after_is_current_allocator = allocator == GetCurrentAllocator();
      if (is_current_allocator && !after_is_current_allocator) {
        // If the allocator changed, we need to restart the allocation.
        return AllocObject<kInstrumented>(self, klass, byte_count);
      }
      return nullptr;
    }
  }
  DCHECK_GT(bytes_allocated, 0u);
  DCHECK_GT(usable_size, 0u);
  obj->SetClass(klass);
  if (kUseBakerOrBrooksReadBarrier) {
    if (kUseBrooksReadBarrier) {
      obj->SetReadBarrierPointer(obj);
    }
    obj->AssertReadBarrierPointer();
  }
  if (collector::SemiSpace::kUseRememberedSet && UNLIKELY(allocator == kAllocatorTypeNonMoving)) {
    // (Note this if statement will be constant folded away for the
    // fast-path quick entry points.) Because SetClass() has no write
    // barrier, if a non-moving space allocation, we need a write
    // barrier as the class pointer may point to the bump pointer
    // space (where the class pointer is an "old-to-young" reference,
    // though rare) under the GSS collector with the remembered set
    // enabled. We don't need this for kAllocatorTypeRosAlloc/DlMalloc
    // cases because we don't directly allocate into the main alloc
    // space (besides promotions) under the SS/GSS collector.
    WriteBarrierField(obj, mirror::Object::ClassOffset(), klass);
  }
  pre_fence_visitor(obj, usable_size);
  if (kIsDebugBuild && Runtime::Current()->IsStarted()) {
    CHECK_LE(obj->SizeOf(), usable_size);
  }
  const size_t new_num_bytes_allocated =
      static_cast<size_t>(num_bytes_allocated_.FetchAndAdd(bytes_allocated)) + bytes_allocated;
  // TODO: Deprecate.
  if (kInstrumented) {
    if (Runtime::Current()->HasStatsEnabled()) {
      RuntimeStats* thread_stats = self->GetStats();
      ++thread_stats->allocated_objects;
      thread_stats->allocated_bytes += bytes_allocated;
      RuntimeStats* global_stats = Runtime::Current()->GetStats();
      ++global_stats->allocated_objects;
      global_stats->allocated_bytes += bytes_allocated;
    }
  } else {
    DCHECK(!Runtime::Current()->HasStatsEnabled());
  }
  if (AllocatorHasAllocationStack(allocator)) {
    PushOnAllocationStack(self, obj);
  }
  if (kInstrumented) {
    if (Dbg::IsAllocTrackingEnabled()) {
      Dbg::RecordAllocation(klass, bytes_allocated);
    }
  } else {
    DCHECK(!Dbg::IsAllocTrackingEnabled());
  }
  // IsConcurrentGc() isn't known at compile time so we can optimize by not checking it for
  // the BumpPointer or TLAB allocators. This is nice since it allows the entire if statement to be
  // optimized out. And for the other allocators, AllocatorMayHaveConcurrentGC is a constant since
  // the allocator_type should be constant propagated.
  if (AllocatorMayHaveConcurrentGC(allocator) && IsGcConcurrent()) {
    CheckConcurrentGC(self, new_num_bytes_allocated, &obj);
  }
  VerifyObject(obj);
  self->VerifyStack();
  return obj;
}

// The size of a thread-local allocation stack in the number of references.
static constexpr size_t kThreadLocalAllocationStackSize = 128;

inline void Heap::PushOnAllocationStack(Thread* self, mirror::Object* obj) {
  if (kUseThreadLocalAllocationStack) {
    bool success = self->PushOnThreadLocalAllocationStack(obj);
    if (UNLIKELY(!success)) {
      // Slow path. Allocate a new thread-local allocation stack.
      mirror::Object** start_address;
      mirror::Object** end_address;
      while (!allocation_stack_->AtomicBumpBack(kThreadLocalAllocationStackSize,
                                                &start_address, &end_address)) {
        CollectGarbageInternal(collector::kGcTypeSticky, kGcCauseForAlloc, false);
      }
      self->SetThreadLocalAllocationStack(start_address, end_address);
      // Retry on the new thread-local allocation stack.
      success = self->PushOnThreadLocalAllocationStack(obj);
      // Must succeed.
      CHECK(success);
    }
  } else {
    // This is safe to do since the GC will never free objects which are neither in the allocation
    // stack or the live bitmap.
    while (!allocation_stack_->AtomicPushBack(obj)) {
      CollectGarbageInternal(collector::kGcTypeSticky, kGcCauseForAlloc, false);
    }
  }
}

template <bool kInstrumented, typename PreFenceVisitor>
inline mirror::Object* Heap::AllocLargeObject(Thread* self, mirror::Class* klass,
                                              size_t byte_count,
                                              const PreFenceVisitor& pre_fence_visitor) {
  return AllocObjectWithAllocator<kInstrumented, false, PreFenceVisitor>(self, klass, byte_count,
                                                                         kAllocatorTypeLOS,
                                                                         pre_fence_visitor);
}

template <const bool kInstrumented, const bool kGrow>
inline mirror::Object* Heap::TryToAllocate(Thread* self, AllocatorType allocator_type,
                                           size_t alloc_size, size_t* bytes_allocated,
                                           size_t* usable_size) {
  if (UNLIKELY(IsOutOfMemoryOnAllocation<kGrow>(allocator_type, alloc_size))) {
    return nullptr;
  }
  mirror::Object* ret;
  switch (allocator_type) {
    case kAllocatorTypeBumpPointer: {
      DCHECK(bump_pointer_space_ != nullptr);
      alloc_size = RoundUp(alloc_size, space::BumpPointerSpace::kAlignment);
      ret = bump_pointer_space_->AllocNonvirtual(alloc_size);
      if (LIKELY(ret != nullptr)) {
        *bytes_allocated = alloc_size;
        *usable_size = alloc_size;
      }
      break;
    }
    case kAllocatorTypeRosAlloc: {
      if (kInstrumented && UNLIKELY(running_on_valgrind_)) {
        // If running on valgrind, we should be using the instrumented path.
        ret = rosalloc_space_->Alloc(self, alloc_size, bytes_allocated, usable_size);
      } else {
        DCHECK(!running_on_valgrind_);
        ret = rosalloc_space_->AllocNonvirtual(self, alloc_size, bytes_allocated, usable_size);
      }
      break;
    }
    case kAllocatorTypeDlMalloc: {
      if (kInstrumented && UNLIKELY(running_on_valgrind_)) {
        // If running on valgrind, we should be using the instrumented path.
        ret = dlmalloc_space_->Alloc(self, alloc_size, bytes_allocated, usable_size);
      } else {
        DCHECK(!running_on_valgrind_);
        ret = dlmalloc_space_->AllocNonvirtual(self, alloc_size, bytes_allocated, usable_size);
      }
      break;
    }
    case kAllocatorTypeNonMoving: {
      ret = non_moving_space_->Alloc(self, alloc_size, bytes_allocated, usable_size);
      break;
    }
    case kAllocatorTypeLOS: {
      ret = large_object_space_->Alloc(self, alloc_size, bytes_allocated, usable_size);
      // Note that the bump pointer spaces aren't necessarily next to
      // the other continuous spaces like the non-moving alloc space or
      // the zygote space.
      DCHECK(ret == nullptr || large_object_space_->Contains(ret));
      break;
    }
    case kAllocatorTypeTLAB: {
      alloc_size = RoundUp(alloc_size, space::BumpPointerSpace::kAlignment);
      if (UNLIKELY(self->TlabSize() < alloc_size)) {
        // Try allocating a new thread local buffer, if the allocaiton fails the space must be
        // full so return nullptr.
        if (!bump_pointer_space_->AllocNewTlab(self, alloc_size + kDefaultTLABSize)) {
          return nullptr;
        }
      }
      // The allocation can't fail.
      ret = self->AllocTlab(alloc_size);
      DCHECK(ret != nullptr);
      *bytes_allocated = alloc_size;
      *usable_size = alloc_size;
      break;
    }
    default: {
      LOG(FATAL) << "Invalid allocator type";
      ret = nullptr;
    }
  }
  return ret;
}

inline Heap::AllocationTimer::AllocationTimer(Heap* heap, mirror::Object** allocated_obj_ptr)
    : heap_(heap), allocated_obj_ptr_(allocated_obj_ptr) {
  if (kMeasureAllocationTime) {
    allocation_start_time_ = NanoTime() / kTimeAdjust;
  }
}

inline Heap::AllocationTimer::~AllocationTimer() {
  if (kMeasureAllocationTime) {
    mirror::Object* allocated_obj = *allocated_obj_ptr_;
    // Only if the allocation succeeded, record the time.
    if (allocated_obj != nullptr) {
      uint64_t allocation_end_time = NanoTime() / kTimeAdjust;
      heap_->total_allocation_time_.FetchAndAdd(allocation_end_time - allocation_start_time_);
    }
  }
};

inline bool Heap::ShouldAllocLargeObject(mirror::Class* c, size_t byte_count) const {
  // We need to have a zygote space or else our newly allocated large object can end up in the
  // Zygote resulting in it being prematurely freed.
  // We can only do this for primitive objects since large objects will not be within the card table
  // range. This also means that we rely on SetClass not dirtying the object's card.
  return byte_count >= large_object_threshold_ && c->IsPrimitiveArray();
}

template <bool kGrow>
inline bool Heap::IsOutOfMemoryOnAllocation(AllocatorType allocator_type, size_t alloc_size) {
  size_t new_footprint = num_bytes_allocated_ + alloc_size;
  if (UNLIKELY(new_footprint > max_allowed_footprint_)) {
    if (UNLIKELY(new_footprint > growth_limit_)) {
      return true;
    }
    if (!AllocatorMayHaveConcurrentGC(allocator_type) || !IsGcConcurrent()) {
      if (!kGrow) {
        return true;
      }
      // TODO: Grow for allocation is racy, fix it.
      VLOG(heap) << "Growing heap from " << PrettySize(max_allowed_footprint_) << " to "
          << PrettySize(new_footprint) << " for a " << PrettySize(alloc_size) << " allocation";
      max_allowed_footprint_ = new_footprint;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

inline void Heap::CheckConcurrentGC(Thread* self, size_t new_num_bytes_allocated,
                                    mirror::Object** obj) {
  if (UNLIKELY(new_num_bytes_allocated >= concurrent_start_bytes_)) {
    // The SirtRef is necessary since the calls in RequestConcurrentGC are a safepoint.
    SirtRef<mirror::Object> ref(self, *obj);
    RequestConcurrentGC(self);
    // Restore obj in case it moved.
    *obj = ref.get();
  }
}

}  // namespace gc
}  // namespace art

#endif  // ART_RUNTIME_GC_HEAP_INL_H_