server/hosts/host_info.py

# Copyright 2016 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.

import abc
import copy
import json
import logging

import common
from autotest_lib.server.cros import provision


class HostInfo(object):
    """Holds label/attribute information about a host as understood by infra.

    This class is the source of truth of label / attribute information about a
    host for the test runner (autoserv) and the tests, *from the point of view
    of the infrastructure*.

    Typical usage:
        store = AfeHostInfoStore(...)
        host_info = store.get()
        update_somehow(host_info)
        store.commit(host_info)

    Besides the @property listed below, the following rw variables are part of
    the public API:
        labels: The list of labels for this host.
        attributes: The list of attributes for this host.
    """

    __slots__ = ['labels', 'attributes']

    # Constants related to exposing labels as more semantic properties.
    _BOARD_PREFIX = 'board'
    _MODEL_PREFIX = 'model'
    _OS_PREFIX = 'os'
    _POOL_PREFIX = 'pool'

    _VERSION_LABELS = (
            provision.CROS_VERSION_PREFIX,
            provision.CROS_ANDROID_VERSION_PREFIX,
    )

    def __init__(self, labels=None, attributes=None):
        """
        @param labels: (optional list) labels to set on the HostInfo.
        @param attributes: (optional dict) attributes to set on the HostInfo.
        """
        self.labels = labels if labels is not None else []
        self.attributes = attributes if attributes is not None else {}


    @property
    def build(self):
        """Retrieve the current build for the host.

        TODO(pprabhu) Make provision.py depend on this instead of the other way
        around.

        @returns The first build label for this host (if there are multiple).
                None if no build label is found.
        """
        for label_prefix in self._VERSION_LABELS:
            build_labels = self._get_stripped_labels_with_prefix(label_prefix)
            if build_labels:
                return build_labels[0]
        return None


    @property
    def board(self):
        """Retrieve the board label value for the host.

        @returns: The (stripped) board label, or the empty string if no
        label is found.
        """
        return self.get_label_value(self._BOARD_PREFIX)


    @property
    def model(self):
        """Retrieve the model label value for the host.

        @returns: The (stripped) model label, or the empty string if no
        label is found.
        """
        return self.get_label_value(self._MODEL_PREFIX)


    @property
    def os(self):
        """Retrieve the os for the host.

        @returns The os (str) or the empty string if no os label
                exists. Returns the first matching os if mutiple labels
                are found.
        """
        return self.get_label_value(self._OS_PREFIX)


    @property
    def pools(self):
        """Retrieve the set of pools for the host.

        @returns: set(str) of pool values.
        """
        return set(self._get_stripped_labels_with_prefix(self._POOL_PREFIX))


    def get_label_value(self, prefix):
        """Retrieve the value stored as a label with a well known prefix.

        @param prefix: The prefix of the desired label.
        @return: For the first label matching 'prefix:value', returns value.
                Returns '' if no label matches the given prefix.
        """
        values = self._get_stripped_labels_with_prefix(prefix)
        return values[0] if values else ''


    def clear_version_labels(self, version_prefix=None):
        """Clear all or a particular version label(s) for the host.

        @param version_prefix: The prefix label which needs to be cleared.
                               If this is set to None, all version labels will
                               be cleared.
        """
        version_labels = ([version_prefix] if version_prefix else
                          self._VERSION_LABELS)
        self.labels = [
                label for label in self.labels if
                not any(label.startswith(prefix + ':')
                        for prefix in version_labels)]


    def set_version_label(self, version_prefix, version):
        """Sets the version label for the host.

        If a label with version_prefix exists, this updates the value for that
        label, else appends a new label to the end of the label list.

        @param version_prefix: The prefix to use (without the infix ':').
        @param version: The version label value to set.
        """
        full_prefix = _to_label_prefix(version_prefix)
        new_version_label = full_prefix + version
        for index, label in enumerate(self.labels):
            if label.startswith(full_prefix):
                self.labels[index] = new_version_label
                return
        else:
            self.labels.append(new_version_label)


    def _get_stripped_labels_with_prefix(self, prefix):
        """Search for labels with the prefix and remove the prefix.

        e.g.
            prefix = blah
            labels = ['blah:a', 'blahb', 'blah:c', 'doo']
            returns: ['a', 'c']

        @returns: A list of stripped labels. [] in case of no match.
        """
        full_prefix = prefix + ':'
        prefix_len = len(full_prefix)
        return [label[prefix_len:] for label in self.labels
                if label.startswith(full_prefix)]


    def __str__(self):
        return ('%s[Labels: %s, Attributes: %s]'
                % (type(self).__name__, self.labels, self.attributes))


    def __eq__(self, other):
        if isinstance(other, type(self)):
            return (self.labels == other.labels
                    and self.attributes == other.attributes)
        else:
            return NotImplemented


    def __ne__(self, other):
        return not (self == other)


class StoreError(Exception):
    """Raised when a CachingHostInfoStore operation fails."""


class CachingHostInfoStore(object):
    """Abstract class to obtain and update host information from the infra.

    This class describes the API used to retrieve host information from the
    infrastructure. The actual, uncached implementation to obtain / update host
    information is delegated to the concrete store classes.

    We use two concrete stores:
        AfeHostInfoStore: Directly obtains/updates the host information from
                the AFE.
        LocalHostInfoStore: Obtains/updates the host information from a local
                file.
    An extra store is provided for unittests:
        InMemoryHostInfoStore: Just store labels / attributes in-memory.
    """

    __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta

    def __init__(self):
        self._private_cached_info = None


    def get(self, force_refresh=False):
        """Obtain (possibly cached) host information.

        @param force_refresh: If True, forces the cached HostInfo to be
                refreshed from the store.
        @returns: A HostInfo object.
        """
        if force_refresh:
            return self._get_uncached()

        # |_cached_info| access is costly, so do it only once.
        info = self._cached_info
        if info is None:
            return self._get_uncached()
        return info


    def commit(self, info):
        """Update host information in the infrastructure.

        @param info: A HostInfo object with the new information to set. You
                should obtain a HostInfo object using the |get| or
                |get_uncached| methods, update it as needed and then commit.
        """
        logging.debug('Committing HostInfo to store %s', self)
        try:
            self._commit_impl(info)
            self._cached_info = info
            logging.debug('HostInfo updated to: %s', info)
        except Exception:
            self._cached_info = None
            raise


    @abc.abstractmethod
    def _refresh_impl(self):
        """Actual implementation to refresh host_info from the store.

        Concrete stores must implement this function.
        @returns: A HostInfo object.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError


    @abc.abstractmethod
    def _commit_impl(self, host_info):
        """Actual implementation to commit host_info to the store.

        Concrete stores must implement this function.
        @param host_info: A HostInfo object.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError


    def _get_uncached(self):
        """Obtain freshly synced host information.

        @returns: A HostInfo object.
        """
        logging.debug('Refreshing HostInfo using store %s', self)
        logging.debug('Old host_info: %s', self._cached_info)
        try:
            info = self._refresh_impl()
            self._cached_info = info
        except Exception:
            self._cached_info = None
            raise

        logging.debug('New host_info: %s', info)
        return info


    @property
    def _cached_info(self):
        """Access the cached info, enforcing a deepcopy."""
        return copy.deepcopy(self._private_cached_info)


    @_cached_info.setter
    def _cached_info(self, info):
        """Update the cached info, enforcing a deepcopy.

        @param info: The new info to update from.
        """
        self._private_cached_info = copy.deepcopy(info)


class InMemoryHostInfoStore(CachingHostInfoStore):
    """A simple store that gives unittests direct access to backing data.

    Unittests can access the |info| attribute to obtain the backing HostInfo.
    """

    def __init__(self, info=None):
        """Seed object with initial data.

        @param info: Initial backing HostInfo object.
        """
        super(InMemoryHostInfoStore, self).__init__()
        self.info = info if info is not None else HostInfo()


    def __str__(self):
        return '%s[%s]' % (type(self).__name__, self.info)

    def _refresh_impl(self):
        """Return a copy of the private HostInfo."""
        return copy.deepcopy(self.info)


    def _commit_impl(self, info):
        """Copy HostInfo data to in-memory store.

        @param info: The HostInfo object to commit.
        """
        self.info = copy.deepcopy(info)


def get_store_from_machine(machine):
    """Obtain the host_info_store object stuffed in the machine dict.

    The machine argument to jobs can be a string (a hostname) or a dict because
    of legacy reasons. If we can't get a real store, return a dummy.
    """
    if isinstance(machine, dict):
        return machine['host_info_store']
    else:
        return InMemoryHostInfoStore()


class DeserializationError(Exception):
    """Raised when deserialization fails due to malformed input."""


# Default serialzation version. This should be uprevved whenever a change to
# HostInfo is backwards incompatible, i.e. we can no longer correctly
# deserialize a previously serialized HostInfo. An example of such change is if
# a field in the HostInfo object is dropped.
_CURRENT_SERIALIZATION_VERSION = 1


def json_serialize(info, file_obj, version=_CURRENT_SERIALIZATION_VERSION):
    """Serialize the given HostInfo.

    @param info: A HostInfo object to serialize.
    @param file_obj: A file like object to serialize info into.
    @param version: Use a specific serialization version. Should mostly use the
            default.
    """
    info_json = {
            'serializer_version': version,
            'labels': info.labels,
            'attributes': info.attributes,
    }
    return json.dump(info_json, file_obj, sort_keys=True, indent=4,
                     separators=(',', ': '))


def json_deserialize(file_obj):
    """Deserialize a HostInfo from the given file.

    @param file_obj: a file like object containing a json_serialized()ed
            HostInfo.
    @returns: The deserialized HostInfo object.
    """
    try:
        deserialized_json = json.load(file_obj)
    except ValueError as e:
        raise DeserializationError(e)

    serializer_version = deserialized_json.get('serializer_version')
    if serializer_version != 1:
        raise DeserializationError('Unsupported serialization version %s' %
                                   serializer_version)

    try:
        return HostInfo(deserialized_json['labels'],
                        deserialized_json['attributes'])
    except KeyError as e:
        raise DeserializationError('Malformed serialized host_info: %r' % e)


def _to_label_prefix(prefix):
    """Ensure that prefix has the expected format for label prefixes.

    @param prefix: The (str) prefix to sanitize.
    @returns: The sanitized (str) prefix.
    """
    return prefix if prefix.endswith(':') else prefix + ':'