include/capstone.h

#ifndef CAPSTONE_ENGINE_H
#define CAPSTONE_ENGINE_H

/* Capstone Disassembly Engine */
/* By Nguyen Anh Quynh <aquynh@gmail.com>, 2013-2014 */

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include "platform.h"

#ifdef _MSC_VER
	#pragma warning(disable:4201)
	#pragma warning(disable:4100)
	#ifdef CAPSTONE_SHARED
		#define CAPSTONE_EXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
	#else    // defined(CAPSTONE_STATIC)
		#define CAPSTONE_EXPORT
	#endif
#else
	#define CAPSTONE_EXPORT
#endif

#ifdef __GNUC__
#define CAPSTONE_DEPRECATED __attribute__((deprecated))
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
#define CAPSTONE_DEPRECATED __declspec(deprecated)
#else
#pragma message("WARNING: You need to implement CAPSTONE_DEPRECATED for this compiler")
#define CAPSTONE_DEPRECATED
#endif

// Capstone API version
#define CS_API_MAJOR 3
#define CS_API_MINOR 0

// Macro to create combined version which can be compared to
// result of cs_version() API.
#define CS_MAKE_VERSION(major, minor) ((major << 8) + minor)

// Handle using with all API
typedef size_t csh;

// Architecture type
typedef enum cs_arch {
	CS_ARCH_ARM = 0,	// ARM architecture (including Thumb, Thumb-2)
	CS_ARCH_ARM64,		// ARM-64, also called AArch64
	CS_ARCH_MIPS,		// Mips architecture
	CS_ARCH_X86,		// X86 architecture (including x86 & x86-64)
	CS_ARCH_PPC,		// PowerPC architecture
	CS_ARCH_SPARC,		// Sparc architecture
	CS_ARCH_SYSZ,		// SystemZ architecture
	CS_ARCH_XCORE,		// XCore architecture
	CS_ARCH_MAX,
	CS_ARCH_ALL = 0xFFFF,
} cs_arch;

// Support value to verify diet mode of the engine.
// If cs_support(CS_SUPPORT_DIET) return True, the engine was compiled
// in diet mode.
#define CS_SUPPORT_DIET (CS_ARCH_ALL + 1)

// Support value to verify X86 reduce mode of the engine.
// If cs_support(CS_SUPPORT_X86_REDUCE) return True, the engine was compiled
// in X86 reduce mode.
#define CS_SUPPORT_X86_REDUCE (CS_ARCH_ALL + 2)

// Mode type
typedef enum cs_mode {
	CS_MODE_LITTLE_ENDIAN = 0,	// little endian mode (default mode)
	CS_MODE_ARM = 0,	// 32-bit ARM
	CS_MODE_16 = 1 << 1,	// 16-bit mode
	CS_MODE_32 = 1 << 2,	// 32-bit mode
	CS_MODE_64 = 1 << 3,	// 64-bit mode
	CS_MODE_THUMB = 1 << 4,	// ARM's Thumb mode, including Thumb-2
	CS_MODE_MCLASS = 1 << 5,	// ARM's Cortex-M series
	CS_MODE_MICRO = 1 << 4, // MicroMips mode (MIPS architecture)
	CS_MODE_MIPS3 = 1 << 5, // Mips III ISA
	CS_MODE_MIPS32R6 = 1 << 6, // Mips32r6 ISA
	CS_MODE_MIPSGP64 = 1 << 7, // General Purpose Registers are 64-bit wide (MIPS arch)
	CS_MODE_V9 = 1 << 4, // SparcV9 mode (Sparc architecture)
	CS_MODE_BIG_ENDIAN = 1 << 31	// big endian mode
} cs_mode;

typedef void* (*cs_malloc_t)(size_t size);
typedef void* (*cs_calloc_t)(size_t nmemb, size_t size);
typedef void* (*cs_realloc_t)(void *ptr, size_t size);
typedef void (*cs_free_t)(void *ptr);
typedef int (*cs_vsnprintf_t)(char *str, size_t size, const char *format, va_list ap);


// User-defined dynamic memory related functions: malloc/calloc/realloc/free/vsnprintf()
// By default, Capstone uses system's malloc(), calloc(), realloc(), free() & vsnprintf().
typedef struct cs_opt_mem {
	cs_malloc_t malloc;
	cs_calloc_t calloc;
	cs_realloc_t realloc;
	cs_free_t free;
	cs_vsnprintf_t vsnprintf;
} cs_opt_mem;

// Runtime option for the disassembled engine
typedef enum cs_opt_type {
	CS_OPT_SYNTAX = 1,	// Asssembly output syntax
	CS_OPT_DETAIL,	// Break down instruction structure into details
	CS_OPT_MODE,	// Change engine's mode at run-time
	CS_OPT_MEM,	// User-defined dynamic memory related functions
	CS_OPT_SKIPDATA, // Skip data when disassembling. Then engine is in SKIPDATA mode.
	CS_OPT_SKIPDATA_SETUP, // Setup user-defined function for SKIPDATA option
} cs_opt_type;

// Runtime option value (associated with option type above)
typedef enum cs_opt_value {
	CS_OPT_OFF = 0,  // Turn OFF an option - default option of CS_OPT_DETAIL, CS_OPT_SKIPDATA.
	CS_OPT_ON = 3, // Turn ON an option (CS_OPT_DETAIL, CS_OPT_SKIPDATA).
	CS_OPT_SYNTAX_DEFAULT = 0, // Default asm syntax (CS_OPT_SYNTAX).
	CS_OPT_SYNTAX_INTEL, // X86 Intel asm syntax - default on X86 (CS_OPT_SYNTAX).
	CS_OPT_SYNTAX_ATT,   // X86 ATT asm syntax (CS_OPT_SYNTAX).
	CS_OPT_SYNTAX_NOREGNAME, // Prints register name with only number (CS_OPT_SYNTAX)
} cs_opt_value;

/*
 User-defined callback function for SKIPDATA option.
 See tests/test_skipdata.c for sample code demonstrating this API.

 @code: the input buffer containing code to be disassembled.
        This is the same buffer passed to cs_disasm().
 @code_size: size (in bytes) of the above @code buffer.
 @offset: the position of the currently-examining byte in the input
      buffer @code mentioned above.
 @user_data: user-data passed to cs_option() via @user_data field in
      cs_opt_skipdata struct below.

 @return: return number of bytes to skip, or 0 to immediately stop disassembling.
*/
typedef size_t (*cs_skipdata_cb_t)(const uint8_t *code, size_t code_size, size_t offset, void *user_data);

// User-customized setup for SKIPDATA option
typedef struct cs_opt_skipdata {
	// Capstone considers data to skip as special "instructions".
	// User can specify the string for this instruction's "mnemonic" here.
	// By default (if @mnemonic is NULL), Capstone use ".byte".
	const char *mnemonic;

	// User-defined callback function to be called when Capstone hits data.
	// If the returned value from this callback is positive (>0), Capstone
	// will skip exactly that number of bytes & continue. Otherwise, if
	// the callback returns 0, Capstone stops disassembling and returns
	// immediately from cs_disasm()
	// NOTE: if this callback pointer is NULL, Capstone would skip a number
	// of bytes depending on architectures, as following:
	// Arm:     2 bytes (Thumb mode) or 4 bytes.
	// Arm64:   4 bytes.
	// Mips:    4 bytes.
	// PowerPC: 4 bytes.
	// Sparc:   4 bytes.
	// SystemZ: 2 bytes.
	// X86:     1 bytes.
	// XCore:   2 bytes.
	cs_skipdata_cb_t callback; 	// default value is NULL

	// User-defined data to be passed to @callback function pointer.
	void *user_data;
} cs_opt_skipdata;


#include "arm.h"
#include "arm64.h"
#include "mips.h"
#include "ppc.h"
#include "sparc.h"
#include "systemz.h"
#include "x86.h"
#include "xcore.h"

// NOTE: All information in cs_detail is only available when CS_OPT_DETAIL = CS_OPT_ON
typedef struct cs_detail {
	uint8_t regs_read[12]; // list of implicit registers read by this insn
	uint8_t regs_read_count; // number of implicit registers read by this insn

	uint8_t regs_write[20]; // list of implicit registers modified by this insn
	uint8_t regs_write_count; // number of implicit registers modified by this insn

	uint8_t groups[8]; // list of group this instruction belong to
	uint8_t groups_count; // number of groups this insn belongs to

	// Architecture-specific instruction info
	union {
		cs_x86 x86;	// X86 architecture, including 16-bit, 32-bit & 64-bit mode
		cs_arm64 arm64;	// ARM64 architecture (aka AArch64)
		cs_arm arm;		// ARM architecture (including Thumb/Thumb2)
		cs_mips mips;	// MIPS architecture
		cs_ppc ppc;	// PowerPC architecture
		cs_sparc sparc;	// Sparc architecture
		cs_sysz sysz;	// SystemZ architecture
		cs_xcore xcore;	// XCore architecture
	};
} cs_detail;

// Detail information of disassembled instruction
typedef struct cs_insn {
	// Instruction ID
	// Find the instruction id from header file of corresponding architecture,
	// such as arm.h for ARM, x86.h for X86, etc...
	// This information is available even when CS_OPT_DETAIL = CS_OPT_OFF
	// NOTE: in Skipdata mode, "data" instruction has 0 for this id field.
	unsigned int id;

	// Address (EIP) of this instruction
	// This information is available even when CS_OPT_DETAIL = CS_OPT_OFF
	uint64_t address;

	// Size of this instruction
	// This information is available even when CS_OPT_DETAIL = CS_OPT_OFF
	uint16_t size;
	// Machine bytes of this instruction, with number of bytes indicated by @size above
	// This information is available even when CS_OPT_DETAIL = CS_OPT_OFF
	uint8_t bytes[16];

	// Ascii text of instruction mnemonic
	// This information is available even when CS_OPT_DETAIL = CS_OPT_OFF
	char mnemonic[32];

	// Ascii text of instruction operands
	// This information is available even when CS_OPT_DETAIL = CS_OPT_OFF
	char op_str[160];

	// Pointer to cs_detail.
	// NOTE: detail pointer is only valid when both requirements below are met:
	// (1) CS_OP_DETAIL = CS_OPT_ON
	// (2) Engine is not in Skipdata mode (CS_OP_SKIPDATA option set to CS_OPT_ON)
	//
	// NOTE 2: when in Skipdata mode, or when detail mode is OFF, even if this pointer
	//     is not NULL, its content is still irrelevant.
	cs_detail *detail;
} cs_insn;


// Calculate the offset of a disassembled instruction in its buffer, given its position
// in its array of disassembled insn
// NOTE: this macro works with position (>=1), not index
#define CS_INSN_OFFSET(insns, post) (insns[post - 1].address - insns[0].address)


// All type of errors encountered by Capstone API.
// These are values returned by cs_errno()
typedef enum cs_err {
	CS_ERR_OK = 0,   // No error: everything was fine
	CS_ERR_MEM,      // Out-Of-Memory error: cs_open(), cs_disasm(), cs_disasm_iter()
	CS_ERR_ARCH,     // Unsupported architecture: cs_open()
	CS_ERR_HANDLE,   // Invalid handle: cs_op_count(), cs_op_index()
	CS_ERR_CSH,	     // Invalid csh argument: cs_close(), cs_errno(), cs_option()
	CS_ERR_MODE,     // Invalid/unsupported mode: cs_open()
	CS_ERR_OPTION,   // Invalid/unsupported option: cs_option()
	CS_ERR_DETAIL,   // Information is unavailable because detail option is OFF
	CS_ERR_MEMSETUP, // Dynamic memory management uninitialized (see CS_OPT_MEM)
	CS_ERR_VERSION,  // Unsupported version (bindings)
	CS_ERR_DIET,     // Access irrelevant data in "diet" engine
	CS_ERR_SKIPDATA, // Access irrelevant data for "data" instruction in SKIPDATA mode
	CS_ERR_X86_ATT,  // X86 AT&T syntax is unsupported (opt-out at compile time)
	CS_ERR_X86_INTEL, // X86 Intel syntax is unsupported (opt-out at compile time)
} cs_err;

/*
 Return combined API version & major and minor version numbers.

 @major: major number of API version
 @minor: minor number of API version

 @return hexical number as (major << 8 | minor), which encodes both
	 major & minor versions.
	 NOTE: This returned value can be compared with version number made
	 with macro CS_MAKE_VERSION

 For example, second API version would return 1 in @major, and 1 in @minor
 The return value would be 0x0101

 NOTE: if you only care about returned value, but not major and minor values,
 set both @major & @minor arguments to NULL.
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
unsigned int cs_version(int *major, int *minor);


/*
 This API can be used to either ask for archs supported by this library,
 or check to see if the library was compile with 'diet' option (or called
 in 'diet' mode).

 To check if a particular arch is supported by this library, set @query to
 arch mode (CS_ARCH_* value).
 To verify if this library supports all the archs, use CS_ARCH_ALL.

 To check if this library is in 'diet' mode, set @query to CS_SUPPORT_DIET.

 @return True if this library supports the given arch, or in 'diet' mode.
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
bool cs_support(int query);

/*
 Initialize CS handle: this must be done before any usage of CS.

 @arch: architecture type (CS_ARCH_*)
 @mode: hardware mode. This is combined of CS_MODE_*
 @handle: pointer to handle, which will be updated at return time

 @return CS_ERR_OK on success, or other value on failure (refer to cs_err enum
 for detailed error).
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
cs_err cs_open(cs_arch arch, cs_mode mode, csh *handle);

/*
 Close CS handle: MUST do to release the handle when it is not used anymore.
 NOTE: this must be only called when there is no longer usage of Capstone,
 not even access to cs_insn array. The reason is the this API releases some
 cached memory, thus access to any Capstone API after cs_close() might crash
 your application.

 In fact,this API invalidate @handle by ZERO out its value (i.e *handle = 0).

 @handle: pointer to a handle returned by cs_open()

 @return CS_ERR_OK on success, or other value on failure (refer to cs_err enum
 for detailed error).
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
cs_err cs_close(csh *handle);

/*
 Set option for disassembling engine at runtime

 @handle: handle returned by cs_open()
 @type: type of option to be set
 @value: option value corresponding with @type

 @return: CS_ERR_OK on success, or other value on failure.
 Refer to cs_err enum for detailed error.

 NOTE: in the case of CS_OPT_MEM, handle's value can be anything,
 so that cs_option(handle, CS_OPT_MEM, value) can (i.e must) be called
 even before cs_open()
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
cs_err cs_option(csh handle, cs_opt_type type, size_t value);

/*
 Report the last error number when some API function fail.
 Like glibc's errno, cs_errno might not retain its old value once accessed.

 @handle: handle returned by cs_open()

 @return: error code of cs_err enum type (CS_ERR_*, see above)
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
cs_err cs_errno(csh handle);


/*
 Return a string describing given error code.

 @code: error code (see CS_ERR_* above)

 @return: returns a pointer to a string that describes the error code
	passed in the argument @code
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
const char *cs_strerror(cs_err code);

/*
 Disassemble binary code, given the code buffer, size, address and number
 of instructions to be decoded.
 This API dynamicly allocate memory to contain disassembled instruction.
 Resulted instructions will be put into @*insn

 NOTE 1: this API will automatically determine memory needed to contain
 output disassembled instructions in @insn.
 NOTE 2: caller must free the allocated memory itself to avoid memory leaking.

 @handle: handle returned by cs_open()
 @code: buffer containing raw binary code to be disassembled.
 @code_size: size of the above code buffer.
 @address: address of the first instruction in given raw code buffer.
 @insn: array of instructions filled in by this API.
	   NOTE: @insn will be allocated by this function, and should be freed
	   with cs_free() API.
 @count: number of instrutions to be disassembled, or 0 to get all of them

 @return: the number of succesfully disassembled instructions,
 or 0 if this function failed to disassemble the given code

 On failure, call cs_errno() for error code.
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
size_t cs_disasm(csh handle,
		const uint8_t *code, size_t code_size,
		uint64_t address,
		size_t count,
		cs_insn **insn);

/*
  Deprecated function - to be retired in the next version!
  Use cs_disasm() instead of cs_disasm_ex()
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
CAPSTONE_DEPRECATED
size_t cs_disasm_ex(csh handle,
		const uint8_t *code, size_t code_size,
		uint64_t address,
		size_t count,
		cs_insn **insn);

/*
 Free memory allocated by cs_malloc() or cs_disasm() (argument @insn)

 @insn: pointer returned by @insn argument in cs_disasm() or cs_malloc()
 @count: number of cs_insn structures returned by cs_disasm(), or 1
     to free memory allocated by cs_malloc().
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
void cs_free(cs_insn *insn, size_t count);


/*
 Allocate memory for 1 instruction to be used by cs_disasm_iter().

 @handle: handle returned by cs_open()

 NOTE: when no longer in use, you can reclaim the memory allocated for
 this instruction with cs_free(insn, 1)
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
cs_insn *cs_malloc(csh handle);

/*
 Fast API to disassemble binary code, given the code buffer, size, address
 and number of instructions to be decoded.
 This API put the resulted instruction into a given cache in @insn.
 See tests/test_iter.c for sample code demonstrating this API.

 NOTE 1: this API will update @code, @size & @address to point to the next
 instruction in the input buffer. Therefore, it is covenient to use
 cs_disasm_iter() inside a loop to quickly iterate all the instructions.
 While decoding one instruction at a time can also be achieved with
 cs_disasm(count=1), some benchmarks shown that cs_disasm_iter() can be 30%
 faster on random input.

 NOTE 2: the cache in @insn can be created with cs_malloc() API.

 @handle: handle returned by cs_open()
 @code: buffer containing raw binary code to be disassembled
 @code_size: size of above code
 @address: address of the first insn in given raw code buffer
 @insn: pointer to instruction to be filled in by this API.

 @return: true if this API successfully decode 1 instruction,
 or false otherwise.

 On failure, call cs_errno() for error code.
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
bool cs_disasm_iter(csh handle,
	const uint8_t **code, size_t *size,
	uint64_t *address, cs_insn *insn);

/*
 Return friendly name of regiser in a string.
 Find the instruction id from header file of corresponding architecture (arm.h for ARM,
 x86.h for X86, ...)

 WARN: when in 'diet' mode, this API is irrelevant because engine does not
 store register name.

 @handle: handle returned by cs_open()
 @reg_id: register id

 @return: string name of the register, or NULL if @reg_id is invalid.
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
const char *cs_reg_name(csh handle, unsigned int reg_id);

/*
 Return friendly name of an instruction in a string.
 Find the instruction id from header file of corresponding architecture (arm.h for ARM, x86.h for X86, ...)

 WARN: when in 'diet' mode, this API is irrelevant because the engine does not
 store instruction name.

 @handle: handle returned by cs_open()
 @insn_id: instruction id

 @return: string name of the instruction, or NULL if @insn_id is invalid.
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
const char *cs_insn_name(csh handle, unsigned int insn_id);

/*
 Return friendly name of a group id (that an instruction can belong to)
 Find the group id from header file of corresponding architecture (arm.h for ARM, x86.h for X86, ...)

 WARN: when in 'diet' mode, this API is irrelevant because the engine does not
 store group name.

 @handle: handle returned by cs_open()
 @group_id: group id

 @return: string name of the group, or NULL if @group_id is invalid.
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
const char *cs_group_name(csh handle, unsigned int group_id);

/*
 Check if a disassembled instruction belong to a particular group.
 Find the group id from header file of corresponding architecture (arm.h for ARM, x86.h for X86, ...)
 Internally, this simply verifies if @group_id matches any member of insn->groups array.

 NOTE: this API is only valid when detail option is ON (which is OFF by default).

 WARN: when in 'diet' mode, this API is irrelevant because the engine does not
 update @groups array.

 @handle: handle returned by cs_open()
 @insn: disassembled instruction structure received from cs_disasm() or cs_disasm_iter()
 @group_id: group that you want to check if this instruction belong to.

 @return: true if this instruction indeed belongs to aboved group, or false otherwise.
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
bool cs_insn_group(csh handle, const cs_insn *insn, unsigned int group_id);

/*
 Check if a disassembled instruction IMPLICITLY used a particular register.
 Find the register id from header file of corresponding architecture (arm.h for ARM, x86.h for X86, ...)
 Internally, this simply verifies if @reg_id matches any member of insn->regs_read array.

 NOTE: this API is only valid when detail option is ON (which is OFF by default)

 WARN: when in 'diet' mode, this API is irrelevant because the engine does not
 update @regs_read array.

 @insn: disassembled instruction structure received from cs_disasm() or cs_disasm_iter()
 @reg_id: register that you want to check if this instruction used it.

 @return: true if this instruction indeed implicitly used aboved register, or false otherwise.
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
bool cs_reg_read(csh handle, const cs_insn *insn, unsigned int reg_id);

/*
 Check if a disassembled instruction IMPLICITLY modified a particular register.
 Find the register id from header file of corresponding architecture (arm.h for ARM, x86.h for X86, ...)
 Internally, this simply verifies if @reg_id matches any member of insn->regs_write array.

 NOTE: this API is only valid when detail option is ON (which is OFF by default)

 WARN: when in 'diet' mode, this API is irrelevant because the engine does not
 update @regs_write array.

 @insn: disassembled instruction structure received from cs_disasm() or cs_disasm_iter()
 @reg_id: register that you want to check if this instruction modified it.

 @return: true if this instruction indeed implicitly modified aboved register, or false otherwise.
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
bool cs_reg_write(csh handle, const cs_insn *insn, unsigned int reg_id);

/*
 Count the number of operands of a given type.
 Find the operand type in header file of corresponding architecture (arm.h for ARM, x86.h for X86, ...)

 NOTE: this API is only valid when detail option is ON (which is OFF by default)

 @handle: handle returned by cs_open()
 @insn: disassembled instruction structure received from cs_disasm() or cs_disasm_iter()
 @op_type: Operand type to be found.

 @return: number of operands of given type @op_type in instruction @insn,
 or -1 on failure.
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
int cs_op_count(csh handle, const cs_insn *insn, unsigned int op_type);

/*
 Retrieve the position of operand of given type in <arch>.operands[] array.
 Later, the operand can be accessed using the returned position.
 Find the operand type in header file of corresponding architecture (arm.h for ARM, x86.h for X86, ...)

 NOTE: this API is only valid when detail option is ON (which is OFF by default)

 @handle: handle returned by cs_open()
 @insn: disassembled instruction structure received from cs_disasm() or cs_disasm_iter()
 @op_type: Operand type to be found.
 @position: position of the operand to be found. This must be in the range
			[1, cs_op_count(handle, insn, op_type)]

 @return: index of operand of given type @op_type in <arch>.operands[] array
 in instruction @insn, or -1 on failure.
*/
CAPSTONE_EXPORT
int cs_op_index(csh handle, const cs_insn *insn, unsigned int op_type,
		unsigned int position);

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif