kotlinx-coroutines-core/common/src/CoroutineExceptionHandler.kt

/*
 * Copyright 2016-2018 JetBrains s.r.o. Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license.
 */

package kotlinx.coroutines

import kotlin.coroutines.*

internal expect fun handleCoroutineExceptionImpl(context: CoroutineContext, exception: Throwable)

/**
 * Helper function for coroutine builder implementations to handle uncaught and unexpected exceptions in coroutines,
 * that could not be otherwise handled in a normal way through structured concurrency, saving them to a future, and
 * cannot be rethrown. This is a last resort handler to prevent lost exceptions.
 *
 * If there is [CoroutineExceptionHandler] in the context, then it is used. If it throws an exception during handling
 * or is absent, all instances of [CoroutineExceptionHandler] found via [ServiceLoader] and
 * [Thread.uncaughtExceptionHandler] are invoked.
 */
@InternalCoroutinesApi
public fun handleCoroutineException(context: CoroutineContext, exception: Throwable) {
    // Invoke an exception handler from the context if present
    try {
        context[CoroutineExceptionHandler]?.let {
            it.handleException(context, exception)
            return
        }
    } catch (t: Throwable) {
        handleCoroutineExceptionImpl(context, handlerException(exception, t))
        return
    }
    // If a handler is not present in the context or an exception was thrown, fallback to the global handler
    handleCoroutineExceptionImpl(context, exception)
}

internal fun handlerException(originalException: Throwable, thrownException: Throwable): Throwable {
    if (originalException === thrownException) return originalException
    return RuntimeException("Exception while trying to handle coroutine exception", thrownException).apply {
        addSuppressedThrowable(originalException)
    }
}

/**
 * Creates a [CoroutineExceptionHandler] instance.
 * @param handler a function which handles exception thrown by a coroutine
 */
@Suppress("FunctionName")
public inline fun CoroutineExceptionHandler(crossinline handler: (CoroutineContext, Throwable) -> Unit): CoroutineExceptionHandler =
    object : AbstractCoroutineContextElement(CoroutineExceptionHandler), CoroutineExceptionHandler {
        override fun handleException(context: CoroutineContext, exception: Throwable) =
            handler.invoke(context, exception)
    }

/**
 * An optional element in the coroutine context to handle uncaught exceptions.
 *
 * Normally, uncaught exceptions can only result from coroutines created using the [launch][CoroutineScope.launch] builder.
 * A coroutine that was created using [async][CoroutineScope.async] always catches all its exceptions and represents them
 * in the resulting [Deferred] object.
 *
 * By default, when no handler is installed, uncaught exception are handled in the following way:
 * * If exception is [CancellationException] then it is ignored
 *   (because that is the supposed mechanism to cancel the running coroutine)
 * * Otherwise:
 *     * if there is a [Job] in the context, then [Job.cancel] is invoked;
 *     * Otherwise, all instances of [CoroutineExceptionHandler] found via [ServiceLoader]
 *     * and current thread's [Thread.uncaughtExceptionHandler] are invoked.
 **/
public interface CoroutineExceptionHandler : CoroutineContext.Element {
    /**
     * Key for [CoroutineExceptionHandler] instance in the coroutine context.
     */
    public companion object Key : CoroutineContext.Key<CoroutineExceptionHandler>

    /**
     * Handles uncaught [exception] in the given [context]. It is invoked
     * if coroutine has an uncaught exception.
     */
    public fun handleException(context: CoroutineContext, exception: Throwable)
}