base/bind_internal.h

// Copyright (c) 2011 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#ifndef BASE_BIND_INTERNAL_H_
#define BASE_BIND_INTERNAL_H_

#include <stddef.h>

#include <tuple>
#include <type_traits>

#include "base/bind_helpers.h"
#include "base/callback_internal.h"
#include "base/memory/raw_scoped_refptr_mismatch_checker.h"
#include "base/memory/weak_ptr.h"
#include "base/template_util.h"
#include "base/tuple.h"
#include "build/build_config.h"

namespace base {
namespace internal {

// See base/callback.h for user documentation.
//
//
// CONCEPTS:
//  Functor -- A movable type representing something that should be called.
//             All function pointers and Callback<> are functors even if the
//             invocation syntax differs.
//  RunType -- A function type (as opposed to function _pointer_ type) for
//             a Callback<>::Run().  Usually just a convenience typedef.
//  (Bound)Args -- A set of types that stores the arguments.
//
// Types:
//  ForceVoidReturn<> -- Helper class for translating function signatures to
//                       equivalent forms with a "void" return type.
//  FunctorTraits<> -- Type traits used to determine the correct RunType and
//                     invocation manner for a Functor.  This is where function
//                     signature adapters are applied.
//  InvokeHelper<> -- Take a Functor + arguments and actully invokes it.
//                    Handle the differing syntaxes needed for WeakPtr<>
//                    support.  This is separate from Invoker to avoid creating
//                    multiple version of Invoker<>.
//  Invoker<> -- Unwraps the curried parameters and executes the Functor.
//  BindState<> -- Stores the curried parameters, and is the main entry point
//                 into the Bind() system.

// HasRefCountedTypeAsRawPtr selects true_type when any of the |Args| is a raw
// pointer to a RefCounted type.
// Implementation note: This non-specialized case handles zero-arity case only.
// Non-zero-arity cases should be handled by the specialization below.
template <typename... Args>
struct HasRefCountedTypeAsRawPtr : std::false_type {};

// Implementation note: Select true_type if the first parameter is a raw pointer
// to a RefCounted type. Otherwise, skip the first parameter and check rest of
// parameters recursively.
template <typename T, typename... Args>
struct HasRefCountedTypeAsRawPtr<T, Args...>
    : std::conditional<NeedsScopedRefptrButGetsRawPtr<T>::value,
                       std::true_type,
                       HasRefCountedTypeAsRawPtr<Args...>>::type {};

// ForceVoidReturn<>
//
// Set of templates that support forcing the function return type to void.
template <typename Sig>
struct ForceVoidReturn;

template <typename R, typename... Args>
struct ForceVoidReturn<R(Args...)> {
  using RunType = void(Args...);
};

// FunctorTraits<>
//
// See description at top of file.
template <typename Functor>
struct FunctorTraits;

// For functions.
template <typename R, typename... Args>
struct FunctorTraits<R (*)(Args...)> {
  using RunType = R(Args...);
  static constexpr bool is_method = false;

  template <typename... RunArgs>
  static R Invoke(R (*function)(Args...), RunArgs&&... args) {
    return function(std::forward<RunArgs>(args)...);
  }
};

#if defined(OS_WIN) && !defined(ARCH_CPU_X86_64)

// For functions.
template <typename R, typename... Args>
struct FunctorTraits<R(__stdcall*)(Args...)> {
  using RunType = R(Args...);
  static constexpr bool is_method = false;

  template <typename... RunArgs>
  static R Invoke(R(__stdcall* function)(Args...), RunArgs&&... args) {
    return function(std::forward<RunArgs>(args)...);
  }
};

// For functions.
template <typename R, typename... Args>
struct FunctorTraits<R(__fastcall*)(Args...)> {
  using RunType = R(Args...);
  static constexpr bool is_method = false;

  template <typename... RunArgs>
  static R Invoke(R(__fastcall* function)(Args...), RunArgs&&... args) {
    return function(std::forward<RunArgs>(args)...);
  }
};

#endif  // defined(OS_WIN) && !defined(ARCH_CPU_X86_64)

// For methods.
template <typename R, typename Receiver, typename... Args>
struct FunctorTraits<R (Receiver::*)(Args...)> {
  using RunType = R(Receiver*, Args...);
  static constexpr bool is_method = true;

  template <typename ReceiverPtr, typename... RunArgs>
  static R Invoke(R (Receiver::*method)(Args...),
                  ReceiverPtr&& receiver_ptr,
                  RunArgs&&... args) {
    // Clang skips CV qualifier check on a method pointer invocation when the
    // receiver is a subclass. Store the receiver into a const reference to
    // T to ensure the CV check works.
    // https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=27037
    Receiver& receiver = *receiver_ptr;
    return (receiver.*method)(std::forward<RunArgs>(args)...);
  }
};

// For const methods.
template <typename R, typename Receiver, typename... Args>
struct FunctorTraits<R (Receiver::*)(Args...) const> {
  using RunType = R(const Receiver*, Args...);
  static constexpr bool is_method = true;

  template <typename ReceiverPtr, typename... RunArgs>
  static R Invoke(R (Receiver::*method)(Args...) const,
                  ReceiverPtr&& receiver_ptr,
                  RunArgs&&... args) {
    // Clang skips CV qualifier check on a method pointer invocation when the
    // receiver is a subclass. Store the receiver into a const reference to
    // T to ensure the CV check works.
    // https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=27037
    const Receiver& receiver = *receiver_ptr;
    return (receiver.*method)(std::forward<RunArgs>(args)...);
  }
};

// For IgnoreResults.
template <typename T>
struct FunctorTraits<IgnoreResultHelper<T>> : FunctorTraits<T> {
  using RunType =
      typename ForceVoidReturn<typename FunctorTraits<T>::RunType>::RunType;

  template <typename IgnoreResultType, typename... RunArgs>
  static void Invoke(IgnoreResultType&& ignore_result_helper,
                     RunArgs&&... args) {
    FunctorTraits<T>::Invoke(ignore_result_helper.functor_,
                             std::forward<RunArgs>(args)...);
  }
};

// For Callbacks.
template <typename R, typename... Args, CopyMode copy_mode>
struct FunctorTraits<Callback<R(Args...), copy_mode>> {
  using RunType = R(Args...);
  static constexpr bool is_method = false;

  template <typename CallbackType, typename... RunArgs>
  static R Invoke(CallbackType&& callback, RunArgs&&... args) {
    DCHECK(!callback.is_null());
    return std::forward<CallbackType>(callback).Run(
        std::forward<RunArgs>(args)...);
  }
};

// InvokeHelper<>
//
// There are 2 logical InvokeHelper<> specializations: normal, WeakCalls.
//
// The normal type just calls the underlying runnable.
//
// WeakCalls need special syntax that is applied to the first argument to check
// if they should no-op themselves.
template <bool is_weak_call, typename ReturnType>
struct InvokeHelper;

template <typename ReturnType>
struct InvokeHelper<false, ReturnType> {
  template <typename Functor, typename... RunArgs>
  static inline ReturnType MakeItSo(Functor&& functor, RunArgs&&... args) {
    using Traits = FunctorTraits<typename std::decay<Functor>::type>;
    return Traits::Invoke(std::forward<Functor>(functor),
                          std::forward<RunArgs>(args)...);
  }
};

template <typename ReturnType>
struct InvokeHelper<true, ReturnType> {
  // WeakCalls are only supported for functions with a void return type.
  // Otherwise, the function result would be undefined if the the WeakPtr<>
  // is invalidated.
  static_assert(std::is_void<ReturnType>::value,
                "weak_ptrs can only bind to methods without return values");

  template <typename Functor, typename BoundWeakPtr, typename... RunArgs>
  static inline void MakeItSo(Functor&& functor,
                              BoundWeakPtr weak_ptr,
                              RunArgs&&... args) {
    if (!weak_ptr)
      return;
    using Traits = FunctorTraits<typename std::decay<Functor>::type>;
    Traits::Invoke(std::forward<Functor>(functor),
                   std::forward<BoundWeakPtr>(weak_ptr),
                   std::forward<RunArgs>(args)...);
  }
};

// Invoker<>
//
// See description at the top of the file.
template <typename StorageType, typename UnboundRunType>
struct Invoker;

template <typename StorageType, typename R, typename... UnboundArgs>
struct Invoker<StorageType, R(UnboundArgs...)> {
  static R Run(BindStateBase* base, UnboundArgs&&... unbound_args) {
    // Local references to make debugger stepping easier. If in a debugger,
    // you really want to warp ahead and step through the
    // InvokeHelper<>::MakeItSo() call below.
    const StorageType* storage = static_cast<StorageType*>(base);
    static constexpr size_t num_bound_args =
        std::tuple_size<decltype(storage->bound_args_)>::value;
    return RunImpl(storage->functor_,
                   storage->bound_args_,
                   MakeIndexSequence<num_bound_args>(),
                   std::forward<UnboundArgs>(unbound_args)...);
  }

 private:
  template <typename Functor, typename BoundArgsTuple, size_t... indices>
  static inline R RunImpl(Functor&& functor,
                          BoundArgsTuple&& bound,
                          IndexSequence<indices...>,
                          UnboundArgs&&... unbound_args) {
    static constexpr bool is_method =
        FunctorTraits<typename std::decay<Functor>::type>::is_method;

    using DecayedArgsTuple = typename std::decay<BoundArgsTuple>::type;
    static constexpr bool is_weak_call =
        IsWeakMethod<is_method,
                     typename std::tuple_element<
                         indices,
                         DecayedArgsTuple>::type...>::value;

    return InvokeHelper<is_weak_call, R>::MakeItSo(
        std::forward<Functor>(functor),
        Unwrap(base::get<indices>(std::forward<BoundArgsTuple>(bound)))...,
        std::forward<UnboundArgs>(unbound_args)...);
  }
};

// Used to implement MakeUnboundRunType.
template <typename Functor, typename... BoundArgs>
struct MakeUnboundRunTypeImpl {
  using RunType =
      typename FunctorTraits<typename std::decay<Functor>::type>::RunType;
  using ReturnType = ExtractReturnType<RunType>;
  using Args = ExtractArgs<RunType>;
  using UnboundArgs = DropTypeListItem<sizeof...(BoundArgs), Args>;
  using Type = MakeFunctionType<ReturnType, UnboundArgs>;
};

// BindState<>
//
// This stores all the state passed into Bind().
template <typename Functor, typename... BoundArgs>
struct BindState final : BindStateBase {
  template <typename... ForwardBoundArgs>
  explicit BindState(Functor functor, ForwardBoundArgs&&... bound_args)
      : BindStateBase(&Destroy),
        functor_(std::move(functor)),
        bound_args_(std::forward<ForwardBoundArgs>(bound_args)...) {
    DCHECK(functor_);
  }

  Functor functor_;
  std::tuple<BoundArgs...> bound_args_;

 private:
  ~BindState() {}

  static void Destroy(BindStateBase* self) {
    delete static_cast<BindState*>(self);
  }
};

// Used to implement MakeBindStateType.
template <bool is_method, typename Functor, typename... BoundArgs>
struct MakeBindStateTypeImpl;

template <typename Functor, typename... BoundArgs>
struct MakeBindStateTypeImpl<false, Functor, BoundArgs...> {
  static_assert(!HasRefCountedTypeAsRawPtr<BoundArgs...>::value,
                "A parameter is a refcounted type and needs scoped_refptr.");
  using Type = BindState<typename std::decay<Functor>::type,
                         typename std::decay<BoundArgs>::type...>;
};

template <typename Functor>
struct MakeBindStateTypeImpl<true, Functor> {
  using Type = BindState<typename std::decay<Functor>::type>;
};

template <typename Functor, typename Receiver, typename... BoundArgs>
struct MakeBindStateTypeImpl<true, Functor, Receiver, BoundArgs...> {
  static_assert(
      !std::is_array<typename std::remove_reference<Receiver>::type>::value,
      "First bound argument to a method cannot be an array.");
  static_assert(!HasRefCountedTypeAsRawPtr<BoundArgs...>::value,
                "A parameter is a refcounted type and needs scoped_refptr.");

 private:
  using DecayedReceiver = typename std::decay<Receiver>::type;

 public:
  using Type = BindState<
      typename std::decay<Functor>::type,
      typename std::conditional<
          std::is_pointer<DecayedReceiver>::value,
          scoped_refptr<typename std::remove_pointer<DecayedReceiver>::type>,
          DecayedReceiver>::type,
      typename std::decay<BoundArgs>::type...>;
};

template <typename Functor, typename... BoundArgs>
using MakeBindStateType = typename MakeBindStateTypeImpl<
    FunctorTraits<typename std::decay<Functor>::type>::is_method,
    Functor,
    BoundArgs...>::Type;

}  // namespace internal

// Returns a RunType of bound functor.
// E.g. MakeUnboundRunType<R(A, B, C), A, B> is evaluated to R(C).
template <typename Functor, typename... BoundArgs>
using MakeUnboundRunType =
    typename internal::MakeUnboundRunTypeImpl<Functor, BoundArgs...>::Type;

}  // namespace base

#endif  // BASE_BIND_INTERNAL_H_