base/time.h

// Copyright (c) 2006-2008 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

// Time represents an absolute point in time, internally represented as
// microseconds (s/1,000,000) since a platform-dependent epoch.  Each
// platform's epoch, along with other system-dependent clock interface
// routines, is defined in time_PLATFORM.cc.
//
// TimeDelta represents a duration of time, internally represented in
// microseconds.
//
// TimeTicks represents an abstract time that is always incrementing for use
// in measuring time durations. It is internally represented in microseconds.
// It can not be converted to a human-readable time, but is guaranteed not to
// decrease (if the user changes the computer clock, Time::Now() may actually
// decrease or jump).
//
// These classes are represented as only a 64-bit value, so they can be
// efficiently passed by value.

#ifndef BASE_TIME_H_
#define BASE_TIME_H_

#include <time.h>

#include "base/basictypes.h"
#include "testing/gtest/include/gtest/gtest_prod.h"

#if defined(OS_WIN)
// For FILETIME in FromFileTime, until it moves to a new converter class.
// See TODO(iyengar) below.
#include <windows.h>
#endif

class Time;
class TimeTicks;

// This unit test does a lot of manual time manipulation.
class PageLoadTrackerUnitTest;

// TimeDelta ------------------------------------------------------------------

class TimeDelta {
 public:
  TimeDelta() : delta_(0) {
  }

  // Converts units of time to TimeDeltas.
  static TimeDelta FromDays(int64 days);
  static TimeDelta FromHours(int64 hours);
  static TimeDelta FromMinutes(int64 minutes);
  static TimeDelta FromSeconds(int64 secs);
  static TimeDelta FromMilliseconds(int64 ms);
  static TimeDelta FromMicroseconds(int64 us);

  // Returns the internal numeric value of the TimeDelta object. Please don't
  // use this and do arithmetic on it, as it is more error prone than using the
  // provided operators.
  int64 ToInternalValue() const {
    return delta_;
  }

  // Returns the time delta in some unit. The F versions return a floating
  // point value, the "regular" versions return a rounded-down value.
  int InDays() const;
  int InHours() const;
  int InMinutes() const;
  double InSecondsF() const;
  int64 InSeconds() const;
  double InMillisecondsF() const;
  int64 InMilliseconds() const;
  int64 InMicroseconds() const;

  TimeDelta& operator=(TimeDelta other) {
    delta_ = other.delta_;
    return *this;
  }

  // Computations with other deltas.
  TimeDelta operator+(TimeDelta other) const {
    return TimeDelta(delta_ + other.delta_);
  }
  TimeDelta operator-(TimeDelta other) const {
    return TimeDelta(delta_ - other.delta_);
  }

  TimeDelta& operator+=(TimeDelta other) {
    delta_ += other.delta_;
    return *this;
  }
  TimeDelta& operator-=(TimeDelta other) {
    delta_ -= other.delta_;
    return *this;
  }
  TimeDelta operator-() const {
    return TimeDelta(-delta_);
  }

  // Computations with ints, note that we only allow multiplicative operations
  // with ints, and additive operations with other deltas.
  TimeDelta operator*(int64 a) const {
    return TimeDelta(delta_ * a);
  }
  TimeDelta operator/(int64 a) const {
    return TimeDelta(delta_ / a);
  }
  TimeDelta& operator*=(int64 a) {
    delta_ *= a;
    return *this;
  }
  TimeDelta& operator/=(int64 a) {
    delta_ /= a;
    return *this;
  }
  int64 operator/(TimeDelta a) const {
    return delta_ / a.delta_;
  }

  // Defined below because it depends on the definition of the other classes.
  Time operator+(Time t) const;
  TimeTicks operator+(TimeTicks t) const;

  // Comparison operators.
  bool operator==(TimeDelta other) const {
    return delta_ == other.delta_;
  }
  bool operator!=(TimeDelta other) const {
    return delta_ != other.delta_;
  }
  bool operator<(TimeDelta other) const {
    return delta_ < other.delta_;
  }
  bool operator<=(TimeDelta other) const {
    return delta_ <= other.delta_;
  }
  bool operator>(TimeDelta other) const {
    return delta_ > other.delta_;
  }
  bool operator>=(TimeDelta other) const {
    return delta_ >= other.delta_;
  }

 private:
  friend class Time;
  friend class TimeTicks;
  friend TimeDelta operator*(int64 a, TimeDelta td);

  // Constructs a delta given the duration in microseconds. This is private
  // to avoid confusion by callers with an integer constructor. Use
  // FromSeconds, FromMilliseconds, etc. instead.
  explicit TimeDelta(int64 delta_us) : delta_(delta_us) {
  }

  // Delta in microseconds.
  int64 delta_;
};

inline TimeDelta operator*(int64 a, TimeDelta td) {
  return TimeDelta(a * td.delta_);
}

// Time -----------------------------------------------------------------------

// Represents a wall clock time.
class Time {
 public:
  static const int64 kMillisecondsPerSecond = 1000;
  static const int64 kMicrosecondsPerMillisecond = 1000;
  static const int64 kMicrosecondsPerSecond = kMicrosecondsPerMillisecond *
                                              kMillisecondsPerSecond;
  static const int64 kMicrosecondsPerMinute = kMicrosecondsPerSecond * 60;
  static const int64 kMicrosecondsPerHour = kMicrosecondsPerMinute * 60;
  static const int64 kMicrosecondsPerDay = kMicrosecondsPerHour * 24;
  static const int64 kMicrosecondsPerWeek = kMicrosecondsPerDay * 7;
  static const int64 kNanosecondsPerMicrosecond = 1000;
  static const int64 kNanosecondsPerSecond = kNanosecondsPerMicrosecond *
                                             kMicrosecondsPerSecond;

  // Represents an exploded time that can be formatted nicely. This is kind of
  // like the Win32 SYSTEMTIME structure or the Unix "struct tm" with a few
  // additions and changes to prevent errors.
  struct Exploded {
    int year;          // Four digit year "2007"
    int month;         // 1-based month (values 1 = January, etc.)
    int day_of_week;   // 0-based day of week (0 = Sunday, etc.)
    int day_of_month;  // 1-based day of month (1-31)
    int hour;          // Hour within the current day (0-23)
    int minute;        // Minute within the current hour (0-59)
    int second;        // Second within the current minute (0-59 plus leap
                       //   seconds which may take it up to 60).
    int millisecond;   // Milliseconds within the current second (0-999)
  };

  // Contains the NULL time. Use Time::Now() to get the current time.
  explicit Time() : us_(0) {
  }

  // Returns true if the time object has not been initialized.
  bool is_null() const {
    return us_ == 0;
  }

  // Returns the current time. Watch out, the system might adjust its clock
  // in which case time will actually go backwards. We don't guarantee that
  // times are increasing, or that two calls to Now() won't be the same.
  static Time Now();

  // Converts to/from time_t in UTC and a Time class.
  // TODO(brettw) this should be removed once everybody starts using the |Time|
  // class.
  static Time FromTimeT(time_t tt);
  time_t ToTimeT() const;

  // Converts time to a double which is the number of seconds since epoch
  // (Jan 1, 1970).  Webkit uses this format to represent time.
  double ToDoubleT() const;

#if defined(OS_WIN)
  static Time FromFileTime(FILETIME ft);
  FILETIME ToFileTime() const;
#endif

  // Converts an exploded structure representing either the local time or UTC
  // into a Time class.
  static Time FromUTCExploded(const Exploded& exploded) {
    return FromExploded(false, exploded);
  }
  static Time FromLocalExploded(const Exploded& exploded) {
    return FromExploded(true, exploded);
  }

  // Converts an integer value representing Time to a class. This is used
  // when deserializing a |Time| structure, using a value known to be
  // compatible. It is not provided as a constructor because the integer type
  // may be unclear from the perspective of a caller.
  static Time FromInternalValue(int64 us) {
    return Time(us);
  }

  // Converts a string representation of time to a Time object.
  // An example of a time string which is converted is as below:-
  // "Tue, 15 Nov 1994 12:45:26 GMT". If the timezone is not specified
  // in the input string, we assume local time.
  // TODO(iyengar) Move the FromString/FromTimeT/ToTimeT/FromFileTime to
  // a new time converter class.
  static bool FromString(const wchar_t* time_string, Time* parsed_time);

  // For serializing, use FromInternalValue to reconstitute. Please don't use
  // this and do arithmetic on it, as it is more error prone than using the
  // provided operators.
  int64 ToInternalValue() const {
    return us_;
  }

  // Fills the given exploded structure with either the local time or UTC from
  // this time structure (containing UTC).
  void UTCExplode(Exploded* exploded) const {
    return Explode(false, exploded);
  }
  void LocalExplode(Exploded* exploded) const {
    return Explode(true, exploded);
  }

  // Rounds this time down to the nearest day in local time. It will represent
  // midnight on that day.
  Time LocalMidnight() const;

  Time& operator=(Time other) {
    us_ = other.us_;
    return *this;
  }

  // Compute the difference between two times.
  TimeDelta operator-(Time other) const {
    return TimeDelta(us_ - other.us_);
  }

  // Modify by some time delta.
  Time& operator+=(TimeDelta delta) {
    us_ += delta.delta_;
    return *this;
  }
  Time& operator-=(TimeDelta delta) {
    us_ -= delta.delta_;
    return *this;
  }

  // Return a new time modified by some delta.
  Time operator+(TimeDelta delta) const {
    return us_ + delta.delta_;
  }
  Time operator-(TimeDelta delta) const {
    return us_ - delta.delta_;
  }

  // Comparison operators
  bool operator==(Time other) const {
    return us_ == other.us_;
  }
  bool operator!=(Time other) const {
    return us_ != other.us_;
  }
  bool operator<(Time other) const {
    return us_ < other.us_;
  }
  bool operator<=(Time other) const {
    return us_ <= other.us_;
  }
  bool operator>(Time other) const {
    return us_ > other.us_;
  }
  bool operator>=(Time other) const {
    return us_ >= other.us_;
  }

 private:
  friend class TimeDelta;

  // Platform-dependent wall clock interface
  static int64 CurrentWallclockMicroseconds();

  // Initialize or resynchronize the clock.
  static void InitializeClock();

  // Explodes the given time to either local time |is_local = true| or UTC
  // |is_local = false|.
  void Explode(bool is_local, Exploded* exploded) const;

  // Unexplodes a given time assuming the source is either local time
  // |is_local = true| or UTC |is_local = false|.
  static Time FromExploded(bool is_local, const Exploded& exploded);

  Time(int64 us) : us_(us) {
  }

  // The representation of Jan 1, 1970 UTC in microseconds since the
  // platform-dependent epoch.
  static const int64 kTimeTToMicrosecondsOffset;

  // Time in microseconds in UTC.
  int64 us_;

  // The initial time sampled via this API.
  static int64 initial_time_;

  // The initial clock counter sampled via this API.
  static TimeTicks initial_ticks_;
};

inline Time TimeDelta::operator+(Time t) const {
  return Time(t.us_ + delta_);
}

// TimeTicks ------------------------------------------------------------------

class TimeTicks {
 public:
  TimeTicks() : ticks_(0) {
  }

  // Platform-dependent tick count representing "right now."
  // The resolution of this clock is ~1-5ms.  Resolution varies depending
  // on hardware/operating system configuration.
  static TimeTicks Now();

  // Returns a platform-dependent high-resolution tick count. IT IS BROKEN ON
  // SOME HARDWARE and is designed to be used for profiling and perf testing
  // only (see the impl for more information).
  static TimeTicks UnreliableHighResNow();


  // Returns true if this object has not been initialized.
  bool is_null() const {
    return ticks_ == 0;
  }

  TimeTicks& operator=(TimeTicks other) {
    ticks_ = other.ticks_;
    return *this;
  }

  // Compute the difference between two times.
  TimeDelta operator-(TimeTicks other) const {
    return TimeDelta(ticks_ - other.ticks_);
  }

  // Modify by some time delta.
  TimeTicks& operator+=(TimeDelta delta) {
    ticks_ += delta.delta_;
    return *this;
  }
  TimeTicks& operator-=(TimeDelta delta) {
    ticks_ -= delta.delta_;
    return *this;
  }

  // Return a new TimeTicks modified by some delta.
  TimeTicks operator+(TimeDelta delta) const {
    return TimeTicks(ticks_ + delta.delta_);
  }
  TimeTicks operator-(TimeDelta delta) const {
    return TimeTicks(ticks_ - delta.delta_);
  }

  // Comparison operators
  bool operator==(TimeTicks other) const {
    return ticks_ == other.ticks_;
  }
  bool operator!=(TimeTicks other) const {
    return ticks_ != other.ticks_;
  }
  bool operator<(TimeTicks other) const {
    return ticks_ < other.ticks_;
  }
  bool operator<=(TimeTicks other) const {
    return ticks_ <= other.ticks_;
  }
  bool operator>(TimeTicks other) const {
    return ticks_ > other.ticks_;
  }
  bool operator>=(TimeTicks other) const {
    return ticks_ >= other.ticks_;
  }

 protected:
  friend class TimeDelta;
  friend class PageLoadTrackerUnitTest;

  // Please use Now() to create a new object. This is for internal use
  // and testing. Ticks is in microseconds.
  explicit TimeTicks(int64 ticks) : ticks_(ticks) {
  }

  // Tick count in microseconds.
  int64 ticks_;

#if defined(OS_WIN)
  // The function to use for counting ticks.
  typedef int (__stdcall *TickFunction)(void);
  static TickFunction tick_function_;
#endif
};

inline TimeTicks TimeDelta::operator+(TimeTicks t) const {
  return TimeTicks(t.ticks_ + delta_);
}

#endif  // BASE_TIME_H_