Daniel Veillard | 43d3f61 | 2001-11-10 11:57:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1 | <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224/loose.dtd"> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2 | <html> |
| 3 | <head> |
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Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 12 | A:link, A:visited, A:active { text-decoration: underline } |
| 13 | --></style> |
| 14 | <title>Catalog support</title> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 15 | </head> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 16 | <body bgcolor="#8b7765" text="#000000" link="#000000" vlink="#000000"> |
| 17 | <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"><tr> |
| 18 | <td width="180"> |
Daniel Veillard | 8f40f1e | 2002-08-28 21:18:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 19 | <a href="http://www.gnome.org/"><img src="gnome2.png" alt="Gnome2 Logo"></a><a href="http://www.w3.org/Status"><img src="w3c.png" alt="W3C Logo"></a><a href="http://www.redhat.com/"><img src="redhat.gif" alt="Red Hat Logo"></a><div align="left"><a href="http://xmlsoft.org/"><img src="Libxml2-Logo-180x168.gif" alt="Made with Libxml2 Logo"></a></div> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 20 | </td> |
| 21 | <td><table border="0" width="90%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" bgcolor="#000000"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3" bgcolor="#fffacd"><tr><td align="center"> |
| 22 | <h1>The XML C library for Gnome</h1> |
| 23 | <h2>Catalog support</h2> |
| 24 | </td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td> |
| 25 | </tr></table> |
| 26 | <table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%" align="center"><tr><td bgcolor="#8b7765"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr> |
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| 29 | <tr><td colspan="1" bgcolor="#eecfa1" align="center"><center><b>Main Menu</b></center></td></tr> |
Daniel Veillard | 4a603e4 | 2003-01-11 14:18:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 30 | <tr><td bgcolor="#fffacd"> |
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Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 35 | <li><a href="index.html">Home</a></li> |
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Daniel Veillard | 7b602b4 | 2002-01-08 13:26:00 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 43 | <li><a href="XMLinfo.html">XML</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 44 | <li><a href="XSLT.html">XSLT</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | 6dbcaf8 | 2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 45 | <li><a href="python.html">Python and bindings</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 46 | <li><a href="architecture.html">libxml architecture</a></li> |
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| 51 | <li><a href="encoding.html">Encodings support</a></li> |
| 52 | <li><a href="xmlio.html">I/O Interfaces</a></li> |
| 53 | <li><a href="catalog.html">Catalog support</a></li> |
| 54 | <li><a href="library.html">The parser interfaces</a></li> |
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Daniel Veillard | 52dcab3 | 2001-10-30 12:51:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 58 | <li><a href="threads.html">Thread safety</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 59 | <li><a href="DOM.html">DOM Principles</a></li> |
| 60 | <li><a href="example.html">A real example</a></li> |
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Daniel Veillard | 7b4b2f9 | 2003-01-06 13:11:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 62 | <li><a href="xmlreader.html">The Reader Interface</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | fc59c09 | 2002-06-05 14:48:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 63 | <li><a href="tutorial/index.html">Tutorial</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | 7b4b2f9 | 2003-01-06 13:11:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 64 | <li><a href="guidelines.html">XML Guidelines</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 65 | <li> |
| 66 | <a href="xml.html">flat page</a>, <a href="site.xsl">stylesheet</a> |
| 67 | </li> |
Daniel Veillard | 5ede35e | 2002-10-01 11:37:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 68 | </ul> |
| 69 | </td></tr> |
Daniel Veillard | 3bf65be | 2002-01-23 12:36:34 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 70 | </table> |
| 71 | <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3"> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 72 | <tr><td colspan="1" bgcolor="#eecfa1" align="center"><center><b>Related links</b></center></td></tr> |
Daniel Veillard | 8acca11 | 2002-01-21 09:52:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 73 | <tr><td bgcolor="#fffacd"><ul> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 74 | <li><a href="http://mail.gnome.org/archives/xml/">Mail archive</a></li> |
| 75 | <li><a href="http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/">XSLT libxslt</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | 4a85920 | 2002-01-08 11:49:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 76 | <li><a href="http://phd.cs.unibo.it/gdome2/">DOM gdome2</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | 2d347fa | 2002-03-17 10:34:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 77 | <li><a href="http://www.aleksey.com/xmlsec/">XML-DSig xmlsec</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 78 | <li><a href="ftp://xmlsoft.org/">FTP</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | c84f8b5 | 2002-12-19 22:12:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 79 | <li><a href="http://www.zlatkovic.com/projects/libxml/">Windows binaries</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | db9dfd9 | 2001-11-26 17:25:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 80 | <li><a href="http://garypennington.net/libxml2/">Solaris binaries</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | cb7543b | 2002-09-09 10:54:06 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 81 | <li><a href="http://www.zveno.com/open_source/libxml2xslt.html">MacOsX binaries</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | e6d8e20 | 2002-05-02 06:11:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 82 | <li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/libxml2-pas/">Pascal bindings</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | 2d347fa | 2002-03-17 10:34:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 83 | <li><a href="http://bugzilla.gnome.org/buglist.cgi?product=libxml&product=libxml2">Bug Tracker</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 84 | </ul></td></tr> |
| 85 | </table> |
Daniel Veillard | 4a603e4 | 2003-01-11 14:18:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 86 | <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3"> |
| 87 | <tr><td colspan="1" bgcolor="#eecfa1" align="center"><center><b>API Indexes</b></center></td></tr> |
| 88 | <tr><td bgcolor="#fffacd"><ul> |
| 89 | <li><a href="APIchunk0.html">Alphabetic</a></li> |
| 90 | <li><a href="APIconstructors.html">Constructors</a></li> |
| 91 | <li><a href="APIfunctions.html">Functions/Types</a></li> |
| 92 | <li><a href="APIfiles.html">Modules</a></li> |
| 93 | <li><a href="APIsymbols.html">Symbols</a></li> |
| 94 | </ul></td></tr> |
| 95 | </table> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 96 | </td></tr></table></td> |
| 97 | <td valign="top" bgcolor="#8b7765"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" width="100%"><tr><td><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#000000"><tr><td><table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="1" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#fffacd"> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 98 | <p>Table of Content:</p> |
| 99 | <ol> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 100 | <li><a href="General2">General overview</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 101 | <li><a href="#definition">The definition</a></li> |
| 102 | <li><a href="#Simple">Using catalogs</a></li> |
| 103 | <li><a href="#Some">Some examples</a></li> |
| 104 | <li><a href="#reference">How to tune catalog usage</a></li> |
| 105 | <li><a href="#validate">How to debug catalog processing</a></li> |
| 106 | <li><a href="#Declaring">How to create and maintain catalogs</a></li> |
| 107 | <li><a href="#implemento">The implementor corner quick review of the |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 108 | API</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 109 | <li><a href="#Other">Other resources</a></li> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 110 | </ol> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 111 | <h3><a name="General2">General overview</a></h3> |
| 112 | <p>What is a catalog? Basically it's a lookup mechanism used when an entity |
| 113 | (a file or a remote resource) references another entity. The catalog lookup |
| 114 | is inserted between the moment the reference is recognized by the software |
| 115 | (XML parser, stylesheet processing, or even images referenced for inclusion |
| 116 | in a rendering) and the time where loading that resource is actually |
| 117 | started.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 118 | <p>It is basically used for 3 things:</p> |
| 119 | <ul> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 120 | <li>mapping from "logical" names, the public identifiers and a more |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 121 | concrete name usable for download (and URI). For example it can associate |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 122 | the logical name |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 123 | <p>"-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"</p> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 124 | <p>of the DocBook 4.1.2 XML DTD with the actual URL where it can be |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 125 | downloaded</p> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 126 | <p>http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd</p> |
| 127 | </li> |
| 128 | <li>remapping from a given URL to another one, like an HTTP indirection |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 129 | saying that |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 130 | <p>"http://www.oasis-open.org/committes/tr.xsl"</p> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 131 | <p>should really be looked at</p> |
| 132 | <p>"http://www.oasis-open.org/committes/entity/stylesheets/base/tr.xsl"</p> |
| 133 | </li> |
| 134 | <li>providing a local cache mechanism allowing to load the entities |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 135 | associated to public identifiers or remote resources, this is a really |
| 136 | important feature for any significant deployment of XML or SGML since it |
MDT 2001 John Fleck | 0468500 | 2001-09-03 16:11:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 137 | allows to avoid the aleas and delays associated to fetching remote |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 138 | resources.</li> |
| 139 | </ul> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 140 | <h3><a name="definition">The definitions</a></h3> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 141 | <p>Libxml, as of 2.4.3 implements 2 kind of catalogs:</p> |
| 142 | <ul> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 143 | <li>the older SGML catalogs, the official spec is SGML Open Technical |
| 144 | Resolution TR9401:1997, but is better understood by reading <a href="http://www.jclark.com/sp/catalog.htm">the SP Catalog page</a> from |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 145 | James Clark. This is relatively old and not the preferred mode of |
| 146 | operation of libxml.</li> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 147 | <li> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 148 | <a href="http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/spec.html">XML |
Daniel Veillard | af43f63 | 2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 149 | Catalogs</a> is far more flexible, more recent, uses an XML syntax and |
| 150 | should scale quite better. This is the default option of libxml.</li> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 151 | </ul> |
Daniel Veillard | 6581e1b | 2003-02-09 22:21:43 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 152 | <p></p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 153 | <h3><a name="Simple">Using catalog</a></h3> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 154 | <p>In a normal environment libxml will by default check the presence of a |
| 155 | catalog in /etc/xml/catalog, and assuming it has been correctly populated, |
| 156 | the processing is completely transparent to the document user. To take a |
| 157 | concrete example, suppose you are authoring a DocBook document, this one |
| 158 | starts with the following DOCTYPE definition:</p> |
| 159 | <pre><?xml version='1.0'?> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 160 | <!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//Norman Walsh//DTD DocBk XML V3.1.4//EN" |
| 161 | "http://nwalsh.com/docbook/xml/3.1.4/db3xml.dtd"></pre> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 162 | <p>When validating the document with libxml, the catalog will be |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 163 | automatically consulted to lookup the public identifier "-//Norman Walsh//DTD |
| 164 | DocBk XML V3.1.4//EN" and the system identifier |
| 165 | "http://nwalsh.com/docbook/xml/3.1.4/db3xml.dtd", and if these entities have |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 166 | been installed on your system and the catalogs actually point to them, libxml |
| 167 | will fetch them from the local disk.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 168 | <p style="font-size: 10pt"> |
| 169 | <strong>Note</strong>: Really don't use this |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 170 | DOCTYPE example it's a really old version, but is fine as an example.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 171 | <p>Libxml will check the catalog each time that it is requested to load an |
MDT 2001 John Fleck | 0468500 | 2001-09-03 16:11:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 172 | entity, this includes DTD, external parsed entities, stylesheets, etc ... If |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 173 | your system is correctly configured all the authoring phase and processing |
MDT 2001 John Fleck | 0468500 | 2001-09-03 16:11:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 174 | should use only local files, even if your document stays portable because it |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 175 | uses the canonical public and system ID, referencing the remote document.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 176 | <h3><a name="Some">Some examples:</a></h3> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 177 | <p>Here is a couple of fragments from XML Catalogs used in libxml early |
| 178 | regression tests in <code>test/catalogs</code> :</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 179 | <pre><?xml version="1.0"?> |
| 180 | <!DOCTYPE catalog PUBLIC |
| 181 | "-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN" |
| 182 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd"> |
| 183 | <catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog"> |
| 184 | <public publicId="-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" |
| 185 | uri="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd"/> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 186 | ...</pre> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 187 | <p>This is the beginning of a catalog for DocBook 4.1.2, XML Catalogs are |
| 188 | written in XML, there is a specific namespace for catalog elements |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 189 | "urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog". The first entry in this |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 190 | catalog is a <code>public</code> mapping it allows to associate a Public |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 191 | Identifier with an URI.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 192 | <pre>... |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 193 | <rewriteSystem systemIdStartString="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/" |
| 194 | rewritePrefix="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook/"/> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 195 | ...</pre> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 196 | <p>A <code>rewriteSystem</code> is a very powerful instruction, it says that |
| 197 | any URI starting with a given prefix should be looked at another URI |
| 198 | constructed by replacing the prefix with an new one. In effect this acts like |
| 199 | a cache system for a full area of the Web. In practice it is extremely useful |
| 200 | with a file prefix if you have installed a copy of those resources on your |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 201 | local system.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 202 | <pre>... |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 203 | <delegatePublic publicIdStartString="-//OASIS//DTD XML Catalog //" |
| 204 | catalog="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook.xml"/> |
| 205 | <delegatePublic publicIdStartString="-//OASIS//ENTITIES DocBook XML" |
| 206 | catalog="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook.xml"/> |
| 207 | <delegatePublic publicIdStartString="-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML" |
| 208 | catalog="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook.xml"/> |
| 209 | <delegateSystem systemIdStartString="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/" |
| 210 | catalog="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook.xml"/> |
| 211 | <delegateURI uriStartString="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/" |
| 212 | catalog="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook.xml"/> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 213 | ...</pre> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 214 | <p>Delegation is the core features which allows to build a tree of catalogs, |
| 215 | easier to maintain than a single catalog, based on Public Identifier, System |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 216 | Identifier or URI prefixes it instructs the catalog software to look up |
| 217 | entries in another resource. This feature allow to build hierarchies of |
| 218 | catalogs, the set of entries presented should be sufficient to redirect the |
| 219 | resolution of all DocBook references to the specific catalog in |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 220 | <code>/usr/share/xml/docbook.xml</code> this one in turn could delegate all |
| 221 | references for DocBook 4.2.1 to a specific catalog installed at the same time |
| 222 | as the DocBook resources on the local machine.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 223 | <h3><a name="reference">How to tune catalog usage:</a></h3> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 224 | <p>The user can change the default catalog behaviour by redirecting queries |
| 225 | to its own set of catalogs, this can be done by setting the |
| 226 | <code>XML_CATALOG_FILES</code> environment variable to a list of catalogs, an |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 227 | empty one should deactivate loading the default <code>/etc/xml/catalog</code> |
| 228 | default catalog</p> |
| 229 | <h3><a name="validate">How to debug catalog processing:</a></h3> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 230 | <p>Setting up the <code>XML_DEBUG_CATALOG</code> environment variable will |
| 231 | make libxml output debugging informations for each catalog operations, for |
| 232 | example:</p> |
| 233 | <pre>orchis:~/XML -> xmllint --memory --noout test/ent2 |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 234 | warning: failed to load external entity "title.xml" |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 235 | orchis:~/XML -> export XML_DEBUG_CATALOG= |
| 236 | orchis:~/XML -> xmllint --memory --noout test/ent2 |
| 237 | Failed to parse catalog /etc/xml/catalog |
| 238 | Failed to parse catalog /etc/xml/catalog |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 239 | warning: failed to load external entity "title.xml" |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 240 | Catalogs cleanup |
| 241 | orchis:~/XML -> </pre> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 242 | <p>The test/ent2 references an entity, running the parser from memory makes |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 243 | the base URI unavailable and the the "title.xml" entity cannot be loaded. |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 244 | Setting up the debug environment variable allows to detect that an attempt is |
| 245 | made to load the <code>/etc/xml/catalog</code> but since it's not present the |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 246 | resolution fails.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 247 | <p>But the most advanced way to debug XML catalog processing is to use the |
| 248 | <strong>xmlcatalog</strong> command shipped with libxml2, it allows to load |
| 249 | catalogs and make resolution queries to see what is going on. This is also |
| 250 | used for the regression tests:</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 251 | <pre>orchis:~/XML -> ./xmlcatalog test/catalogs/docbook.xml \ |
| 252 | "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 253 | http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd |
| 254 | orchis:~/XML -> </pre> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 255 | <p>For debugging what is going on, adding one -v flags increase the verbosity |
| 256 | level to indicate the processing done (adding a second flag also indicate |
| 257 | what elements are recognized at parsing):</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 258 | <pre>orchis:~/XML -> ./xmlcatalog -v test/catalogs/docbook.xml \ |
| 259 | "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 260 | Parsing catalog test/catalogs/docbook.xml's content |
| 261 | Found public match -//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN |
| 262 | http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd |
| 263 | Catalogs cleanup |
| 264 | orchis:~/XML -> </pre> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 265 | <p>A shell interface is also available to debug and process multiple queries |
| 266 | (and for regression tests):</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 267 | <pre>orchis:~/XML -> ./xmlcatalog -shell test/catalogs/docbook.xml \ |
| 268 | "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 269 | > help |
| 270 | Commands available: |
| 271 | public PublicID: make a PUBLIC identifier lookup |
| 272 | system SystemID: make a SYSTEM identifier lookup |
| 273 | resolve PublicID SystemID: do a full resolver lookup |
| 274 | add 'type' 'orig' 'replace' : add an entry |
| 275 | del 'values' : remove values |
| 276 | dump: print the current catalog state |
| 277 | debug: increase the verbosity level |
| 278 | quiet: decrease the verbosity level |
| 279 | exit: quit the shell |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 280 | > public "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 281 | http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd |
| 282 | > quit |
| 283 | orchis:~/XML -> </pre> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 284 | <p>This should be sufficient for most debugging purpose, this was actually |
MDT 2001 John Fleck | 0468500 | 2001-09-03 16:11:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 285 | used heavily to debug the XML Catalog implementation itself.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 286 | <h3> |
| 287 | <a name="Declaring">How to create and maintain</a> catalogs:</h3> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 288 | <p>Basically XML Catalogs are XML files, you can either use XML tools to |
| 289 | manage them or use <strong>xmlcatalog</strong> for this. The basic step is |
| 290 | to create a catalog the -create option provide this facility:</p> |
| 291 | <pre>orchis:~/XML -> ./xmlcatalog --create tst.xml |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 292 | <?xml version="1.0"?> |
| 293 | <!DOCTYPE catalog PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN" |
| 294 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd"> |
| 295 | <catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog"/> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 296 | orchis:~/XML -> </pre> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 297 | <p>By default xmlcatalog does not overwrite the original catalog and save the |
MDT 2001 John Fleck | 0468500 | 2001-09-03 16:11:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 298 | result on the standard output, this can be overridden using the -noout |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 299 | option. The <code>-add</code> command allows to add entries in the |
| 300 | catalog:</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 301 | <pre>orchis:~/XML -> ./xmlcatalog --noout --create --add "public" \ |
| 302 | "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" \ |
| 303 | http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd tst.xml |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 304 | orchis:~/XML -> cat tst.xml |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 305 | <?xml version="1.0"?> |
| 306 | <!DOCTYPE catalog PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN" \ |
| 307 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd"> |
| 308 | <catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog"> |
| 309 | <public publicId="-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" |
| 310 | uri="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd"/> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 311 | </catalog> |
| 312 | orchis:~/XML -> </pre> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 313 | <p>The <code>-add</code> option will always take 3 parameters even if some of |
| 314 | the XML Catalog constructs (like nextCatalog) will have only a single |
| 315 | argument, just pass a third empty string, it will be ignored.</p> |
MDT 2001 John Fleck | 0468500 | 2001-09-03 16:11:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 316 | <p>Similarly the <code>-del</code> option remove matching entries from the |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 317 | catalog:</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 318 | <pre>orchis:~/XML -> ./xmlcatalog --del \ |
| 319 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" tst.xml |
| 320 | <?xml version="1.0"?> |
| 321 | <!DOCTYPE catalog PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN" |
| 322 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd"> |
| 323 | <catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog"/> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 324 | orchis:~/XML -> </pre> |
MDT 2001 John Fleck | 0468500 | 2001-09-03 16:11:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 325 | <p>The catalog is now empty. Note that the matching of <code>-del</code> is |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 326 | exact and would have worked in a similar fashion with the Public ID |
| 327 | string.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 328 | <p>This is rudimentary but should be sufficient to manage a not too complex |
| 329 | catalog tree of resources.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 330 | <h3><a name="implemento">The implementor corner quick review of the |
| 331 | API:</a></h3> |
| 332 | <p>First, and like for every other module of libxml, there is an |
| 333 | automatically generated <a href="html/libxml-catalog.html">API page for |
| 334 | catalog support</a>.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 335 | <p>The header for the catalog interfaces should be included as:</p> |
| 336 | <pre>#include <libxml/catalog.h></pre> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 337 | <p>The API is voluntarily kept very simple. First it is not obvious that |
| 338 | applications really need access to it since it is the default behaviour of |
| 339 | libxml (Note: it is possible to completely override libxml default catalog by |
| 340 | using <a href="html/libxml-parser.html">xmlSetExternalEntityLoader</a> to |
| 341 | plug an application specific resolver).</p> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 342 | <p>Basically libxml support 2 catalog lists:</p> |
| 343 | <ul> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 344 | <li>the default one, global shared by all the application</li> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 345 | <li>a per-document catalog, this one is built if the document uses the |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 346 | <code>oasis-xml-catalog</code> PIs to specify its own catalog list, it is |
| 347 | associated to the parser context and destroyed when the parsing context |
| 348 | is destroyed.</li> |
| 349 | </ul> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 350 | <p>the document one will be used first if it exists.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 351 | <h4>Initialization routines:</h4> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 352 | <p>xmlInitializeCatalog(), xmlLoadCatalog() and xmlLoadCatalogs() should be |
| 353 | used at startup to initialize the catalog, if the catalog should be |
| 354 | initialized with specific values xmlLoadCatalog() or xmlLoadCatalogs() |
| 355 | should be called before xmlInitializeCatalog() which would otherwise do a |
| 356 | default initialization first.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 357 | <p>The xmlCatalogAddLocal() call is used by the parser to grow the document |
| 358 | own catalog list if needed.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 359 | <h4>Preferences setup:</h4> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 360 | <p>The XML Catalog spec requires the possibility to select default |
| 361 | preferences between public and system delegation, |
| 362 | xmlCatalogSetDefaultPrefer() allows this, xmlCatalogSetDefaults() and |
| 363 | xmlCatalogGetDefaults() allow to control if XML Catalogs resolution should |
| 364 | be forbidden, allowed for global catalog, for document catalog or both, the |
| 365 | default is to allow both.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 366 | <p>And of course xmlCatalogSetDebug() allows to generate debug messages |
| 367 | (through the xmlGenericError() mechanism).</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 368 | <h4>Querying routines:</h4> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 369 | <p>xmlCatalogResolve(), xmlCatalogResolveSystem(), xmlCatalogResolvePublic() |
| 370 | and xmlCatalogResolveURI() are relatively explicit if you read the XML |
| 371 | Catalog specification they correspond to section 7 algorithms, they should |
| 372 | also work if you have loaded an SGML catalog with a simplified semantic.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 373 | <p>xmlCatalogLocalResolve() and xmlCatalogLocalResolveURI() are the same but |
| 374 | operate on the document catalog list</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 375 | <h4>Cleanup and Miscellaneous:</h4> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 376 | <p>xmlCatalogCleanup() free-up the global catalog, xmlCatalogFreeLocal() is |
| 377 | the per-document equivalent.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 378 | <p>xmlCatalogAdd() and xmlCatalogRemove() are used to dynamically modify the |
| 379 | first catalog in the global list, and xmlCatalogDump() allows to dump a |
| 380 | catalog state, those routines are primarily designed for xmlcatalog, I'm not |
| 381 | sure that exposing more complex interfaces (like navigation ones) would be |
| 382 | really useful.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | 9f7b84b | 2001-08-23 15:31:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 383 | <p>The xmlParseCatalogFile() is a function used to load XML Catalog files, |
| 384 | it's similar as xmlParseFile() except it bypass all catalog lookups, it's |
| 385 | provided because this functionality may be useful for client tools.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 386 | <h4>threaded environments:</h4> |
Daniel Veillard | ffb120d | 2001-08-23 00:52:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 387 | <p>Since the catalog tree is built progressively, some care has been taken to |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 388 | try to avoid troubles in multithreaded environments. The code is now thread |
| 389 | safe assuming that the libxml library has been compiled with threads |
| 390 | support.</p> |
Daniel Veillard | 6581e1b | 2003-02-09 22:21:43 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 391 | <p></p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 392 | <h3><a name="Other">Other resources</a></h3> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 393 | <p>The XML Catalog specification is relatively recent so there isn't much |
MDT 2001 John Fleck | 0468500 | 2001-09-03 16:11:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 394 | literature to point at:</p> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 395 | <ul> |
Daniel Veillard | 63d8314 | 2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 396 | <li>You can find a good rant from Norm Walsh about <a href="http://www.arbortext.com/Think_Tank/XML_Resources/Issue_Three/issue_three.html">the |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 397 | need for catalogs</a>, it provides a lot of context informations even if |
Daniel Veillard | 93d3a47 | 2002-04-26 14:04:55 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 398 | I don't agree with everything presented. Norm also wrote a more recent |
| 399 | article <a href="http://wwws.sun.com/software/xml/developers/resolver/article/">XML |
| 400 | entities and URI resolvers</a> describing them.</li> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 401 | <li>An <a href="http://home.ccil.org/~cowan/XML/XCatalog.html">old XML |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 402 | catalog proposal</a> from John Cowan</li> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 403 | <li>The <a href="http://www.rddl.org/">Resource Directory Description |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 404 | Language</a> (RDDL) another catalog system but more oriented toward |
| 405 | providing metadata for XML namespaces.</li> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 406 | <li>the page from the OASIS Technical <a href="http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/">Committee on Entity |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 407 | Resolution</a> who maintains XML Catalog, you will find pointers to the |
| 408 | specification update, some background and pointers to others tools |
| 409 | providing XML Catalog support</li> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 410 | <li>Here is a <a href="buildDocBookCatalog">shell script</a> to generate |
Daniel Veillard | 35e937a | 2002-01-19 22:21:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 411 | XML Catalogs for DocBook 4.1.2 . If it can write to the /etc/xml/ |
| 412 | directory, it will set-up /etc/xml/catalog and /etc/xml/docbook based on |
| 413 | the resources found on the system. Otherwise it will just create |
| 414 | ~/xmlcatalog and ~/dbkxmlcatalog and doing: |
Daniel Veillard | 8594de9 | 2003-04-25 10:08:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame^] | 415 | <p><code>export XML_CATALOG_FILES=$HOME/xmlcatalog</code></p> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 416 | <p>should allow to process DocBook documentations without requiring |
Daniel Veillard | 63d8314 | 2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 417 | network accesses for the DTD or stylesheets</p> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 418 | </li> |
| 419 | <li>I have uploaded <a href="ftp://xmlsoft.org/test/dbk412catalog.tar.gz">a |
Daniel Veillard | 35e937a | 2002-01-19 22:21:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 420 | small tarball</a> containing XML Catalogs for DocBook 4.1.2 which seems |
| 421 | to work fine for me too</li> |
Daniel Veillard | 0b28e88 | 2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 422 | <li>The <a href="http://www.xmlsoft.org/xmlcatalog_man.html">xmlcatalog |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 423 | manual page</a> |
| 424 | </li> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 425 | </ul> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 426 | <p>If you have suggestions for corrections or additions, simply contact |
| 427 | me:</p> |
Daniel Veillard | 3f4c40f | 2002-02-13 09:19:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 428 | <p><a href="bugs.html">Daniel Veillard</a></p> |
Daniel Veillard | b8cfbd1 | 2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 429 | </td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td> |
| 430 | </tr></table></td></tr></table> |
Daniel Veillard | e7ead2d | 2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 431 | </body> |
| 432 | </html> |