Lib/test/test_hash.py

# test the invariant that
#   iff a==b then hash(a)==hash(b)
#
# Also test that hash implementations are inherited as expected

import os
import sys
import struct
import datetime
import unittest
import subprocess

from test import test_support
from collections import Hashable

IS_64BIT = (struct.calcsize('l') == 8)


class HashEqualityTestCase(unittest.TestCase):

    def same_hash(self, *objlist):
        # Hash each object given and fail if
        # the hash values are not all the same.
        hashed = map(hash, objlist)
        for h in hashed[1:]:
            if h != hashed[0]:
                self.fail("hashed values differ: %r" % (objlist,))

    def test_numeric_literals(self):
        self.same_hash(1, 1L, 1.0, 1.0+0.0j)
        self.same_hash(0, 0L, 0.0, 0.0+0.0j)
        self.same_hash(-1, -1L, -1.0, -1.0+0.0j)
        self.same_hash(-2, -2L, -2.0, -2.0+0.0j)

    def test_coerced_integers(self):
        self.same_hash(int(1), long(1), float(1), complex(1),
                       int('1'), float('1.0'))
        self.same_hash(int(-2**31), long(-2**31), float(-2**31))
        self.same_hash(int(1-2**31), long(1-2**31), float(1-2**31))
        self.same_hash(int(2**31-1), long(2**31-1), float(2**31-1))
        # for 64-bit platforms
        self.same_hash(int(2**31), long(2**31), float(2**31))
        self.same_hash(int(-2**63), long(-2**63), float(-2**63))
        self.same_hash(int(1-2**63), long(1-2**63))
        self.same_hash(int(2**63-1), long(2**63-1))
        self.same_hash(long(2**63), float(2**63))

    def test_coerced_floats(self):
        self.same_hash(long(1.23e300), float(1.23e300))
        self.same_hash(float(0.5), complex(0.5, 0.0))


_default_hash = object.__hash__
class DefaultHash(object): pass

_FIXED_HASH_VALUE = 42
class FixedHash(object):
    def __hash__(self):
        return _FIXED_HASH_VALUE

class OnlyEquality(object):
    def __eq__(self, other):
        return self is other
    # Trick to suppress Py3k warning in 2.x
    __hash__ = None
del OnlyEquality.__hash__

class OnlyInequality(object):
    def __ne__(self, other):
        return self is not other

class OnlyCmp(object):
    def __cmp__(self, other):
        return cmp(id(self), id(other))
    # Trick to suppress Py3k warning in 2.x
    __hash__ = None
del OnlyCmp.__hash__

class InheritedHashWithEquality(FixedHash, OnlyEquality): pass
class InheritedHashWithInequality(FixedHash, OnlyInequality): pass
class InheritedHashWithCmp(FixedHash, OnlyCmp): pass

class NoHash(object):
    __hash__ = None

class HashInheritanceTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    default_expected = [object(),
                        DefaultHash(),
                        OnlyEquality(),
                        OnlyInequality(),
                        OnlyCmp(),
                       ]
    fixed_expected = [FixedHash(),
                      InheritedHashWithEquality(),
                      InheritedHashWithInequality(),
                      InheritedHashWithCmp(),
                      ]
    error_expected = [NoHash()]

    def test_default_hash(self):
        for obj in self.default_expected:
            self.assertEqual(hash(obj), _default_hash(obj))

    def test_fixed_hash(self):
        for obj in self.fixed_expected:
            self.assertEqual(hash(obj), _FIXED_HASH_VALUE)

    def test_error_hash(self):
        for obj in self.error_expected:
            self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, obj)

    def test_hashable(self):
        objects = (self.default_expected +
                   self.fixed_expected)
        for obj in objects:
            self.assertIsInstance(obj, Hashable)

    def test_not_hashable(self):
        for obj in self.error_expected:
            self.assertNotIsInstance(obj, Hashable)


# Issue #4701: Check that some builtin types are correctly hashable
#  (This test only used to fail in Python 3.0, but has been included
#   in 2.x along with the lazy call to PyType_Ready in PyObject_Hash)
class DefaultIterSeq(object):
    seq = range(10)
    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.seq)
    def __getitem__(self, index):
        return self.seq[index]

class HashBuiltinsTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    hashes_to_check = [xrange(10),
                       enumerate(xrange(10)),
                       iter(DefaultIterSeq()),
                       iter(lambda: 0, 0),
                      ]

    def test_hashes(self):
        _default_hash = object.__hash__
        for obj in self.hashes_to_check:
            self.assertEqual(hash(obj), _default_hash(obj))

class HashRandomizationTests(unittest.TestCase):

    # Each subclass should define a field "repr_", containing the repr() of
    # an object to be tested

    def get_hash_command(self, repr_):
        return 'print(hash(%s))' % repr_

    def get_hash(self, repr_, seed=None):
        env = os.environ.copy()
        if seed is not None:
            env['PYTHONHASHSEED'] = str(seed)
        else:
            env.pop('PYTHONHASHSEED', None)
        cmd_line = [sys.executable, '-c', self.get_hash_command(repr_)]
        p = subprocess.Popen(cmd_line, stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
                             stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
                             env=env)
        out, err = p.communicate()
        out = test_support.strip_python_stderr(out)
        return int(out.strip())

    def test_randomized_hash(self):
        # two runs should return different hashes
        run1 = self.get_hash(self.repr_, seed='random')
        run2 = self.get_hash(self.repr_, seed='random')
        self.assertNotEqual(run1, run2)

class StringlikeHashRandomizationTests(HashRandomizationTests):
    def test_null_hash(self):
        # PYTHONHASHSEED=0 disables the randomized hash
        if IS_64BIT:
            known_hash_of_obj = 1453079729188098211
        else:
            known_hash_of_obj = -1600925533

        # Randomization is disabled by default:
        self.assertEqual(self.get_hash(self.repr_), known_hash_of_obj)

        # It can also be disabled by setting the seed to 0:
        self.assertEqual(self.get_hash(self.repr_, seed=0), known_hash_of_obj)

    def test_fixed_hash(self):
        # test a fixed seed for the randomized hash
        # Note that all types share the same values:
        if IS_64BIT:
            h = -4410911502303878509
        else:
            h = -206076799
        self.assertEqual(self.get_hash(self.repr_, seed=42), h)

class StrHashRandomizationTests(StringlikeHashRandomizationTests):
    repr_ = repr('abc')

    def test_empty_string(self):
        self.assertEqual(hash(""), 0)

class UnicodeHashRandomizationTests(StringlikeHashRandomizationTests):
    repr_ = repr(u'abc')

    def test_empty_string(self):
        self.assertEqual(hash(u""), 0)

class BufferHashRandomizationTests(StringlikeHashRandomizationTests):
    repr_ = 'buffer("abc")'

    def test_empty_string(self):
        self.assertEqual(hash(buffer("")), 0)

class DatetimeTests(HashRandomizationTests):
    def get_hash_command(self, repr_):
        return 'import datetime; print(hash(%s))' % repr_

class DatetimeDateTests(DatetimeTests):
    repr_ = repr(datetime.date(1066, 10, 14))

class DatetimeDatetimeTests(DatetimeTests):
    repr_ = repr(datetime.datetime(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7))

class DatetimeTimeTests(DatetimeTests):
    repr_ = repr(datetime.time(0))


def test_main():
    test_support.run_unittest(HashEqualityTestCase,
                              HashInheritanceTestCase,
                              HashBuiltinsTestCase,
                              StrHashRandomizationTests,
                              UnicodeHashRandomizationTests,
                              BufferHashRandomizationTests,
                              DatetimeDateTests,
                              DatetimeDatetimeTests,
                              DatetimeTimeTests)



if __name__ == "__main__":
    test_main()