| """HTTP/1.1 client library |
| |
| <intro stuff goes here> |
| <other stuff, too> |
| |
| HTTPConnection goes through a number of "states", which define when a client |
| may legally make another request or fetch the response for a particular |
| request. This diagram details these state transitions: |
| |
| (null) |
| | |
| | HTTPConnection() |
| v |
| Idle |
| | |
| | putrequest() |
| v |
| Request-started |
| | |
| | ( putheader() )* endheaders() |
| v |
| Request-sent |
| | |
| | response = getresponse() |
| v |
| Unread-response [Response-headers-read] |
| |\____________________ |
| | | |
| | response.read() | putrequest() |
| v v |
| Idle Req-started-unread-response |
| ______/| |
| / | |
| response.read() | | ( putheader() )* endheaders() |
| v v |
| Request-started Req-sent-unread-response |
| | |
| | response.read() |
| v |
| Request-sent |
| |
| This diagram presents the following rules: |
| -- a second request may not be started until {response-headers-read} |
| -- a response [object] cannot be retrieved until {request-sent} |
| -- there is no differentiation between an unread response body and a |
| partially read response body |
| |
| Note: this enforcement is applied by the HTTPConnection class. The |
| HTTPResponse class does not enforce this state machine, which |
| implies sophisticated clients may accelerate the request/response |
| pipeline. Caution should be taken, though: accelerating the states |
| beyond the above pattern may imply knowledge of the server's |
| connection-close behavior for certain requests. For example, it |
| is impossible to tell whether the server will close the connection |
| UNTIL the response headers have been read; this means that further |
| requests cannot be placed into the pipeline until it is known that |
| the server will NOT be closing the connection. |
| |
| Logical State __state __response |
| ------------- ------- ---------- |
| Idle _CS_IDLE None |
| Request-started _CS_REQ_STARTED None |
| Request-sent _CS_REQ_SENT None |
| Unread-response _CS_IDLE <response_class> |
| Req-started-unread-response _CS_REQ_STARTED <response_class> |
| Req-sent-unread-response _CS_REQ_SENT <response_class> |
| """ |
| |
| import email.parser |
| import email.message |
| import io |
| import os |
| import socket |
| from urllib.parse import urlsplit |
| import warnings |
| |
| __all__ = ["HTTPResponse", "HTTPConnection", |
| "HTTPException", "NotConnected", "UnknownProtocol", |
| "UnknownTransferEncoding", "UnimplementedFileMode", |
| "IncompleteRead", "InvalidURL", "ImproperConnectionState", |
| "CannotSendRequest", "CannotSendHeader", "ResponseNotReady", |
| "BadStatusLine", "error", "responses"] |
| |
| HTTP_PORT = 80 |
| HTTPS_PORT = 443 |
| |
| _UNKNOWN = 'UNKNOWN' |
| |
| # connection states |
| _CS_IDLE = 'Idle' |
| _CS_REQ_STARTED = 'Request-started' |
| _CS_REQ_SENT = 'Request-sent' |
| |
| # status codes |
| # informational |
| CONTINUE = 100 |
| SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS = 101 |
| PROCESSING = 102 |
| |
| # successful |
| OK = 200 |
| CREATED = 201 |
| ACCEPTED = 202 |
| NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION = 203 |
| NO_CONTENT = 204 |
| RESET_CONTENT = 205 |
| PARTIAL_CONTENT = 206 |
| MULTI_STATUS = 207 |
| IM_USED = 226 |
| |
| # redirection |
| MULTIPLE_CHOICES = 300 |
| MOVED_PERMANENTLY = 301 |
| FOUND = 302 |
| SEE_OTHER = 303 |
| NOT_MODIFIED = 304 |
| USE_PROXY = 305 |
| TEMPORARY_REDIRECT = 307 |
| |
| # client error |
| BAD_REQUEST = 400 |
| UNAUTHORIZED = 401 |
| PAYMENT_REQUIRED = 402 |
| FORBIDDEN = 403 |
| NOT_FOUND = 404 |
| METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED = 405 |
| NOT_ACCEPTABLE = 406 |
| PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED = 407 |
| REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 408 |
| CONFLICT = 409 |
| GONE = 410 |
| LENGTH_REQUIRED = 411 |
| PRECONDITION_FAILED = 412 |
| REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE = 413 |
| REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG = 414 |
| UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE = 415 |
| REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE = 416 |
| EXPECTATION_FAILED = 417 |
| UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY = 422 |
| LOCKED = 423 |
| FAILED_DEPENDENCY = 424 |
| UPGRADE_REQUIRED = 426 |
| |
| # server error |
| INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR = 500 |
| NOT_IMPLEMENTED = 501 |
| BAD_GATEWAY = 502 |
| SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = 503 |
| GATEWAY_TIMEOUT = 504 |
| HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 505 |
| INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE = 507 |
| NOT_EXTENDED = 510 |
| |
| # Mapping status codes to official W3C names |
| responses = { |
| 100: 'Continue', |
| 101: 'Switching Protocols', |
| |
| 200: 'OK', |
| 201: 'Created', |
| 202: 'Accepted', |
| 203: 'Non-Authoritative Information', |
| 204: 'No Content', |
| 205: 'Reset Content', |
| 206: 'Partial Content', |
| |
| 300: 'Multiple Choices', |
| 301: 'Moved Permanently', |
| 302: 'Found', |
| 303: 'See Other', |
| 304: 'Not Modified', |
| 305: 'Use Proxy', |
| 306: '(Unused)', |
| 307: 'Temporary Redirect', |
| |
| 400: 'Bad Request', |
| 401: 'Unauthorized', |
| 402: 'Payment Required', |
| 403: 'Forbidden', |
| 404: 'Not Found', |
| 405: 'Method Not Allowed', |
| 406: 'Not Acceptable', |
| 407: 'Proxy Authentication Required', |
| 408: 'Request Timeout', |
| 409: 'Conflict', |
| 410: 'Gone', |
| 411: 'Length Required', |
| 412: 'Precondition Failed', |
| 413: 'Request Entity Too Large', |
| 414: 'Request-URI Too Long', |
| 415: 'Unsupported Media Type', |
| 416: 'Requested Range Not Satisfiable', |
| 417: 'Expectation Failed', |
| |
| 500: 'Internal Server Error', |
| 501: 'Not Implemented', |
| 502: 'Bad Gateway', |
| 503: 'Service Unavailable', |
| 504: 'Gateway Timeout', |
| 505: 'HTTP Version Not Supported', |
| } |
| |
| # maximal amount of data to read at one time in _safe_read |
| MAXAMOUNT = 1048576 |
| |
| class HTTPMessage(email.message.Message): |
| # XXX The only usage of this method is in |
| # http.server.CGIHTTPRequestHandler. Maybe move the code there so |
| # that it doesn't need to be part of the public API. The API has |
| # never been defined so this could cause backwards compatibility |
| # issues. |
| |
| def getallmatchingheaders(self, name): |
| """Find all header lines matching a given header name. |
| |
| Look through the list of headers and find all lines matching a given |
| header name (and their continuation lines). A list of the lines is |
| returned, without interpretation. If the header does not occur, an |
| empty list is returned. If the header occurs multiple times, all |
| occurrences are returned. Case is not important in the header name. |
| |
| """ |
| name = name.lower() + ':' |
| n = len(name) |
| lst = [] |
| hit = 0 |
| for line in self.keys(): |
| if line[:n].lower() == name: |
| hit = 1 |
| elif not line[:1].isspace(): |
| hit = 0 |
| if hit: |
| lst.append(line) |
| return lst |
| |
| def parse_headers(fp, _class=HTTPMessage): |
| """Parses only RFC2822 headers from a file pointer. |
| |
| email Parser wants to see strings rather than bytes. |
| But a TextIOWrapper around self.rfile would buffer too many bytes |
| from the stream, bytes which we later need to read as bytes. |
| So we read the correct bytes here, as bytes, for email Parser |
| to parse. |
| |
| """ |
| headers = [] |
| while True: |
| line = fp.readline() |
| headers.append(line) |
| if line in (b'\r\n', b'\n', b''): |
| break |
| hstring = b''.join(headers).decode('iso-8859-1') |
| return email.parser.Parser(_class=_class).parsestr(hstring) |
| |
| class HTTPResponse(io.RawIOBase): |
| |
| # strict: If true, raise BadStatusLine if the status line can't be |
| # parsed as a valid HTTP/1.0 or 1.1 status line. By default it is |
| # false because it prevents clients from talking to HTTP/0.9 |
| # servers. Note that a response with a sufficiently corrupted |
| # status line will look like an HTTP/0.9 response. |
| |
| # See RFC 2616 sec 19.6 and RFC 1945 sec 6 for details. |
| |
| # The bytes from the socket object are iso-8859-1 strings. |
| # See RFC 2616 sec 2.2 which notes an exception for MIME-encoded |
| # text following RFC 2047. The basic status line parsing only |
| # accepts iso-8859-1. |
| |
| def __init__(self, sock, debuglevel=0, strict=0, method=None, url=None): |
| # If the response includes a content-length header, we need to |
| # make sure that the client doesn't read more than the |
| # specified number of bytes. If it does, it will block until |
| # the server times out and closes the connection. This will |
| # happen if a self.fp.read() is done (without a size) whether |
| # self.fp is buffered or not. So, no self.fp.read() by |
| # clients unless they know what they are doing. |
| self.fp = sock.makefile("rb") |
| self.debuglevel = debuglevel |
| self.strict = strict |
| self._method = method |
| |
| # The HTTPResponse object is returned via urllib. The clients |
| # of http and urllib expect different attributes for the |
| # headers. headers is used here and supports urllib. msg is |
| # provided as a backwards compatibility layer for http |
| # clients. |
| |
| self.headers = self.msg = None |
| |
| # from the Status-Line of the response |
| self.version = _UNKNOWN # HTTP-Version |
| self.status = _UNKNOWN # Status-Code |
| self.reason = _UNKNOWN # Reason-Phrase |
| |
| self.chunked = _UNKNOWN # is "chunked" being used? |
| self.chunk_left = _UNKNOWN # bytes left to read in current chunk |
| self.length = _UNKNOWN # number of bytes left in response |
| self.will_close = _UNKNOWN # conn will close at end of response |
| |
| def _read_status(self): |
| # Initialize with Simple-Response defaults. |
| line = str(self.fp.readline(), "iso-8859-1") |
| if self.debuglevel > 0: |
| print("reply:", repr(line)) |
| if not line: |
| # Presumably, the server closed the connection before |
| # sending a valid response. |
| raise BadStatusLine(line) |
| try: |
| [version, status, reason] = line.split(None, 2) |
| except ValueError: |
| try: |
| [version, status] = line.split(None, 1) |
| reason = "" |
| except ValueError: |
| # empty version will cause next test to fail and status |
| # will be treated as 0.9 response. |
| version = "" |
| if not version.startswith("HTTP/"): |
| if self.strict: |
| self.close() |
| raise BadStatusLine(line) |
| else: |
| # Assume it's a Simple-Response from an 0.9 server. |
| # We have to convert the first line back to raw bytes |
| # because self.fp.readline() needs to return bytes. |
| self.fp = LineAndFileWrapper(bytes(line, "ascii"), self.fp) |
| return "HTTP/0.9", 200, "" |
| |
| # The status code is a three-digit number |
| try: |
| status = int(status) |
| if status < 100 or status > 999: |
| raise BadStatusLine(line) |
| except ValueError: |
| raise BadStatusLine(line) |
| return version, status, reason |
| |
| def begin(self): |
| if self.headers is not None: |
| # we've already started reading the response |
| return |
| |
| # read until we get a non-100 response |
| while True: |
| version, status, reason = self._read_status() |
| if status != CONTINUE: |
| break |
| # skip the header from the 100 response |
| while True: |
| skip = self.fp.readline().strip() |
| if not skip: |
| break |
| if self.debuglevel > 0: |
| print("header:", skip) |
| |
| self.code = self.status = status |
| self.reason = reason.strip() |
| if version == "HTTP/1.0": |
| self.version = 10 |
| elif version.startswith("HTTP/1."): |
| self.version = 11 # use HTTP/1.1 code for HTTP/1.x where x>=1 |
| elif version == "HTTP/0.9": |
| self.version = 9 |
| else: |
| raise UnknownProtocol(version) |
| |
| if self.version == 9: |
| self.length = None |
| self.chunked = False |
| self.will_close = True |
| self.headers = self.msg = email.message_from_string('') |
| return |
| |
| self.headers = self.msg = parse_headers(self.fp) |
| |
| if self.debuglevel > 0: |
| for hdr in self.headers: |
| print("header:", hdr, end=" ") |
| |
| # are we using the chunked-style of transfer encoding? |
| tr_enc = self.headers.get("transfer-encoding") |
| if tr_enc and tr_enc.lower() == "chunked": |
| self.chunked = True |
| self.chunk_left = None |
| else: |
| self.chunked = False |
| |
| # will the connection close at the end of the response? |
| self.will_close = self._check_close() |
| |
| # do we have a Content-Length? |
| # NOTE: RFC 2616, S4.4, #3 says we ignore this if tr_enc is "chunked" |
| self.length = None |
| length = self.headers.get("content-length") |
| |
| # are we using the chunked-style of transfer encoding? |
| tr_enc = self.headers.get("transfer-encoding") |
| if length and not self.chunked: |
| try: |
| self.length = int(length) |
| except ValueError: |
| self.length = None |
| else: |
| if self.length < 0: # ignore nonsensical negative lengths |
| self.length = None |
| else: |
| self.length = None |
| |
| # does the body have a fixed length? (of zero) |
| if (status == NO_CONTENT or status == NOT_MODIFIED or |
| 100 <= status < 200 or # 1xx codes |
| self._method == "HEAD"): |
| self.length = 0 |
| |
| # if the connection remains open, and we aren't using chunked, and |
| # a content-length was not provided, then assume that the connection |
| # WILL close. |
| if (not self.will_close and |
| not self.chunked and |
| self.length is None): |
| self.will_close = True |
| |
| def _check_close(self): |
| conn = self.headers.get("connection") |
| if self.version == 11: |
| # An HTTP/1.1 proxy is assumed to stay open unless |
| # explicitly closed. |
| conn = self.headers.get("connection") |
| if conn and "close" in conn.lower(): |
| return True |
| return False |
| |
| # Some HTTP/1.0 implementations have support for persistent |
| # connections, using rules different than HTTP/1.1. |
| |
| # For older HTTP, Keep-Alive indicates persistent connection. |
| if self.headers.get("keep-alive"): |
| return False |
| |
| # At least Akamai returns a "Connection: Keep-Alive" header, |
| # which was supposed to be sent by the client. |
| if conn and "keep-alive" in conn.lower(): |
| return False |
| |
| # Proxy-Connection is a netscape hack. |
| pconn = self.headers.get("proxy-connection") |
| if pconn and "keep-alive" in pconn.lower(): |
| return False |
| |
| # otherwise, assume it will close |
| return True |
| |
| def close(self): |
| if self.fp: |
| self.fp.close() |
| self.fp = None |
| |
| # These implementations are for the benefit of io.BufferedReader. |
| |
| # XXX This class should probably be revised to act more like |
| # the "raw stream" that BufferedReader expects. |
| |
| @property |
| def closed(self): |
| return self.isclosed() |
| |
| def flush(self): |
| self.fp.flush() |
| |
| def readable(self): |
| return True |
| |
| # End of "raw stream" methods |
| |
| def isclosed(self): |
| # NOTE: it is possible that we will not ever call self.close(). This |
| # case occurs when will_close is TRUE, length is None, and we |
| # read up to the last byte, but NOT past it. |
| # |
| # IMPLIES: if will_close is FALSE, then self.close() will ALWAYS be |
| # called, meaning self.isclosed() is meaningful. |
| return self.fp is None |
| |
| def read(self, amt=None): |
| if self.fp is None: |
| return b"" |
| |
| if self._method == "HEAD": |
| self.close() |
| return b"" |
| |
| if self.chunked: |
| return self._read_chunked(amt) |
| |
| if amt is None: |
| # unbounded read |
| if self.length is None: |
| s = self.fp.read() |
| else: |
| s = self._safe_read(self.length) |
| self.length = 0 |
| self.close() # we read everything |
| return s |
| |
| if self.length is not None: |
| if amt > self.length: |
| # clip the read to the "end of response" |
| amt = self.length |
| |
| # we do not use _safe_read() here because this may be a .will_close |
| # connection, and the user is reading more bytes than will be provided |
| # (for example, reading in 1k chunks) |
| s = self.fp.read(amt) |
| if self.length is not None: |
| self.length -= len(s) |
| if not self.length: |
| self.close() |
| return s |
| |
| def _read_chunked(self, amt): |
| assert self.chunked != _UNKNOWN |
| chunk_left = self.chunk_left |
| value = [] |
| while True: |
| if chunk_left is None: |
| line = self.fp.readline() |
| i = line.find(b";") |
| if i >= 0: |
| line = line[:i] # strip chunk-extensions |
| try: |
| chunk_left = int(line, 16) |
| except ValueError: |
| # close the connection as protocol synchronisation is |
| # probably lost |
| self.close() |
| raise IncompleteRead(b''.join(value)) |
| if chunk_left == 0: |
| break |
| if amt is None: |
| value.append(self._safe_read(chunk_left)) |
| elif amt < chunk_left: |
| value.append(self._safe_read(amt)) |
| self.chunk_left = chunk_left - amt |
| return b''.join(value) |
| elif amt == chunk_left: |
| value.append(self._safe_read(amt)) |
| self._safe_read(2) # toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk |
| self.chunk_left = None |
| return b''.join(value) |
| else: |
| value.append(self._safe_read(chunk_left)) |
| amt -= chunk_left |
| |
| # we read the whole chunk, get another |
| self._safe_read(2) # toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk |
| chunk_left = None |
| |
| # read and discard trailer up to the CRLF terminator |
| ### note: we shouldn't have any trailers! |
| while True: |
| line = self.fp.readline() |
| if not line: |
| # a vanishingly small number of sites EOF without |
| # sending the trailer |
| break |
| if line == b"\r\n": |
| break |
| |
| # we read everything; close the "file" |
| self.close() |
| |
| return b''.join(value) |
| |
| def _safe_read(self, amt): |
| """Read the number of bytes requested, compensating for partial reads. |
| |
| Normally, we have a blocking socket, but a read() can be interrupted |
| by a signal (resulting in a partial read). |
| |
| Note that we cannot distinguish between EOF and an interrupt when zero |
| bytes have been read. IncompleteRead() will be raised in this |
| situation. |
| |
| This function should be used when <amt> bytes "should" be present for |
| reading. If the bytes are truly not available (due to EOF), then the |
| IncompleteRead exception can be used to detect the problem. |
| """ |
| s = [] |
| while amt > 0: |
| chunk = self.fp.read(min(amt, MAXAMOUNT)) |
| if not chunk: |
| raise IncompleteRead(b''.join(s), amt) |
| s.append(chunk) |
| amt -= len(chunk) |
| return b"".join(s) |
| |
| def fileno(self): |
| return self.fp.fileno() |
| |
| def getheader(self, name, default=None): |
| if self.headers is None: |
| raise ResponseNotReady() |
| return ', '.join(self.headers.get_all(name, default)) |
| |
| def getheaders(self): |
| """Return list of (header, value) tuples.""" |
| if self.headers is None: |
| raise ResponseNotReady() |
| return list(self.headers.items()) |
| |
| # We override IOBase.__iter__ so that it doesn't check for closed-ness |
| |
| def __iter__(self): |
| return self |
| |
| # For compatibility with old-style urllib responses. |
| |
| def info(self): |
| return self.headers |
| |
| def geturl(self): |
| return self.url |
| |
| def getcode(self): |
| return self.status |
| |
| class HTTPConnection: |
| |
| _http_vsn = 11 |
| _http_vsn_str = 'HTTP/1.1' |
| |
| response_class = HTTPResponse |
| default_port = HTTP_PORT |
| auto_open = 1 |
| debuglevel = 0 |
| strict = 0 |
| |
| def __init__(self, host, port=None, strict=None, |
| timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, source_address=None): |
| self.timeout = timeout |
| self.source_address = source_address |
| self.sock = None |
| self._buffer = [] |
| self.__response = None |
| self.__state = _CS_IDLE |
| self._method = None |
| self._tunnel_host = None |
| self._tunnel_port = None |
| |
| self._set_hostport(host, port) |
| if strict is not None: |
| self.strict = strict |
| |
| def set_tunnel(self, host, port=None, headers=None): |
| """ Sets up the host and the port for the HTTP CONNECT Tunnelling. |
| |
| The headers argument should be a mapping of extra HTTP headers |
| to send with the CONNECT request. |
| """ |
| self._tunnel_host = host |
| self._tunnel_port = port |
| if headers: |
| self._tunnel_headers = headers |
| else: |
| self._tunnel_headers.clear() |
| |
| def _set_hostport(self, host, port): |
| if port is None: |
| i = host.rfind(':') |
| j = host.rfind(']') # ipv6 addresses have [...] |
| if i > j: |
| try: |
| port = int(host[i+1:]) |
| except ValueError: |
| raise InvalidURL("nonnumeric port: '%s'" % host[i+1:]) |
| host = host[:i] |
| else: |
| port = self.default_port |
| if host and host[0] == '[' and host[-1] == ']': |
| host = host[1:-1] |
| self.host = host |
| self.port = port |
| |
| def set_debuglevel(self, level): |
| self.debuglevel = level |
| |
| def _tunnel(self): |
| self._set_hostport(self._tunnel_host, self._tunnel_port) |
| connect_str = "CONNECT %s:%d HTTP/1.0\r\n" %(self.host, self.port) |
| connect_bytes = connect_str.encode("ascii") |
| self.send(connect_bytes) |
| for header, value in self._tunnel_headers.iteritems(): |
| header_str = "%s: %s\r\n" % (header, value) |
| header_bytes = header_str.encode("ascii") |
| self.send(header_bytes) |
| |
| response = self.response_class(self.sock, strict = self.strict, |
| method = self._method) |
| (version, code, message) = response._read_status() |
| |
| if code != 200: |
| self.close() |
| raise socket.error("Tunnel connection failed: %d %s" % (code, |
| message.strip())) |
| while True: |
| line = response.fp.readline() |
| if line == b'\r\n': |
| break |
| |
| def connect(self): |
| """Connect to the host and port specified in __init__.""" |
| self.sock = socket.create_connection((self.host,self.port), |
| self.timeout, self.source_address) |
| if self._tunnel_host: |
| self._tunnel() |
| |
| def close(self): |
| """Close the connection to the HTTP server.""" |
| if self.sock: |
| self.sock.close() # close it manually... there may be other refs |
| self.sock = None |
| if self.__response: |
| self.__response.close() |
| self.__response = None |
| self.__state = _CS_IDLE |
| |
| def send(self, str): |
| """Send `str' to the server.""" |
| if self.sock is None: |
| if self.auto_open: |
| self.connect() |
| else: |
| raise NotConnected() |
| |
| # send the data to the server. if we get a broken pipe, then close |
| # the socket. we want to reconnect when somebody tries to send again. |
| # |
| # NOTE: we DO propagate the error, though, because we cannot simply |
| # ignore the error... the caller will know if they can retry. |
| if self.debuglevel > 0: |
| print("send:", repr(str)) |
| blocksize = 8192 |
| if hasattr(str, "read") : |
| if self.debuglevel > 0: |
| print("sendIng a read()able") |
| encode = False |
| try: |
| mode = str.mode |
| except AttributeError: |
| # io.BytesIO and other file-like objects don't have a `mode` |
| # attribute. |
| pass |
| else: |
| if "b" not in mode: |
| encode = True |
| if self.debuglevel > 0: |
| print("encoding file using iso-8859-1") |
| while 1: |
| data = str.read(blocksize) |
| if not data: |
| break |
| if encode: |
| data = data.encode("iso-8859-1") |
| self.sock.sendall(data) |
| else: |
| self.sock.sendall(str) |
| |
| def _output(self, s): |
| """Add a line of output to the current request buffer. |
| |
| Assumes that the line does *not* end with \\r\\n. |
| """ |
| self._buffer.append(s) |
| |
| def _send_output(self, message_body=None): |
| """Send the currently buffered request and clear the buffer. |
| |
| Appends an extra \\r\\n to the buffer. |
| A message_body may be specified, to be appended to the request. |
| """ |
| self._buffer.extend((b"", b"")) |
| msg = b"\r\n".join(self._buffer) |
| del self._buffer[:] |
| # If msg and message_body are sent in a single send() call, |
| # it will avoid performance problems caused by the interaction |
| # between delayed ack and the Nagle algorithim. |
| if isinstance(message_body, bytes): |
| msg += message_body |
| message_body = None |
| self.send(msg) |
| if message_body is not None: |
| # message_body was not a string (i.e. it is a file), and |
| # we must run the risk of Nagle. |
| self.send(message_body) |
| |
| def putrequest(self, method, url, skip_host=0, skip_accept_encoding=0): |
| """Send a request to the server. |
| |
| `method' specifies an HTTP request method, e.g. 'GET'. |
| `url' specifies the object being requested, e.g. '/index.html'. |
| `skip_host' if True does not add automatically a 'Host:' header |
| `skip_accept_encoding' if True does not add automatically an |
| 'Accept-Encoding:' header |
| """ |
| |
| # if a prior response has been completed, then forget about it. |
| if self.__response and self.__response.isclosed(): |
| self.__response = None |
| |
| |
| # in certain cases, we cannot issue another request on this connection. |
| # this occurs when: |
| # 1) we are in the process of sending a request. (_CS_REQ_STARTED) |
| # 2) a response to a previous request has signalled that it is going |
| # to close the connection upon completion. |
| # 3) the headers for the previous response have not been read, thus |
| # we cannot determine whether point (2) is true. (_CS_REQ_SENT) |
| # |
| # if there is no prior response, then we can request at will. |
| # |
| # if point (2) is true, then we will have passed the socket to the |
| # response (effectively meaning, "there is no prior response"), and |
| # will open a new one when a new request is made. |
| # |
| # Note: if a prior response exists, then we *can* start a new request. |
| # We are not allowed to begin fetching the response to this new |
| # request, however, until that prior response is complete. |
| # |
| if self.__state == _CS_IDLE: |
| self.__state = _CS_REQ_STARTED |
| else: |
| raise CannotSendRequest(self.__state) |
| |
| # Save the method we use, we need it later in the response phase |
| self._method = method |
| if not url: |
| url = '/' |
| request = '%s %s %s' % (method, url, self._http_vsn_str) |
| |
| # Non-ASCII characters should have been eliminated earlier |
| self._output(request.encode('ascii')) |
| |
| if self._http_vsn == 11: |
| # Issue some standard headers for better HTTP/1.1 compliance |
| |
| if not skip_host: |
| # this header is issued *only* for HTTP/1.1 |
| # connections. more specifically, this means it is |
| # only issued when the client uses the new |
| # HTTPConnection() class. backwards-compat clients |
| # will be using HTTP/1.0 and those clients may be |
| # issuing this header themselves. we should NOT issue |
| # it twice; some web servers (such as Apache) barf |
| # when they see two Host: headers |
| |
| # If we need a non-standard port,include it in the |
| # header. If the request is going through a proxy, |
| # but the host of the actual URL, not the host of the |
| # proxy. |
| |
| netloc = '' |
| if url.startswith('http'): |
| nil, netloc, nil, nil, nil = urlsplit(url) |
| |
| if netloc: |
| try: |
| netloc_enc = netloc.encode("ascii") |
| except UnicodeEncodeError: |
| netloc_enc = netloc.encode("idna") |
| self.putheader('Host', netloc_enc) |
| else: |
| try: |
| host_enc = self.host.encode("ascii") |
| except UnicodeEncodeError: |
| host_enc = self.host.encode("idna") |
| if self.port == self.default_port: |
| self.putheader('Host', host_enc) |
| else: |
| host_enc = host_enc.decode("ascii") |
| self.putheader('Host', "%s:%s" % (host_enc, self.port)) |
| |
| # note: we are assuming that clients will not attempt to set these |
| # headers since *this* library must deal with the |
| # consequences. this also means that when the supporting |
| # libraries are updated to recognize other forms, then this |
| # code should be changed (removed or updated). |
| |
| # we only want a Content-Encoding of "identity" since we don't |
| # support encodings such as x-gzip or x-deflate. |
| if not skip_accept_encoding: |
| self.putheader('Accept-Encoding', 'identity') |
| |
| # we can accept "chunked" Transfer-Encodings, but no others |
| # NOTE: no TE header implies *only* "chunked" |
| #self.putheader('TE', 'chunked') |
| |
| # if TE is supplied in the header, then it must appear in a |
| # Connection header. |
| #self.putheader('Connection', 'TE') |
| |
| else: |
| # For HTTP/1.0, the server will assume "not chunked" |
| pass |
| |
| def putheader(self, header, *values): |
| """Send a request header line to the server. |
| |
| For example: h.putheader('Accept', 'text/html') |
| """ |
| if self.__state != _CS_REQ_STARTED: |
| raise CannotSendHeader() |
| |
| if hasattr(header, 'encode'): |
| header = header.encode('ascii') |
| values = list(values) |
| for i, one_value in enumerate(values): |
| if hasattr(one_value, 'encode'): |
| values[i] = one_value.encode('ascii') |
| value = b'\r\n\t'.join(values) |
| header = header + b': ' + value |
| self._output(header) |
| |
| def endheaders(self, message_body=None): |
| """Indicate that the last header line has been sent to the server. |
| |
| This method sends the request to the server. The optional |
| message_body argument can be used to pass message body |
| associated with the request. The message body will be sent in |
| the same packet as the message headers if possible. The |
| message_body should be a string. |
| """ |
| if self.__state == _CS_REQ_STARTED: |
| self.__state = _CS_REQ_SENT |
| else: |
| raise CannotSendHeader() |
| self._send_output(message_body) |
| |
| def request(self, method, url, body=None, headers={}): |
| """Send a complete request to the server.""" |
| self._send_request(method, url, body, headers) |
| |
| def _set_content_length(self, body): |
| # Set the content-length based on the body. |
| thelen = None |
| try: |
| thelen = str(len(body)) |
| except TypeError as te: |
| # If this is a file-like object, try to |
| # fstat its file descriptor |
| try: |
| thelen = str(os.fstat(body.fileno()).st_size) |
| except (AttributeError, OSError): |
| # Don't send a length if this failed |
| if self.debuglevel > 0: print("Cannot stat!!") |
| |
| if thelen is not None: |
| self.putheader('Content-Length', thelen) |
| |
| def _send_request(self, method, url, body, headers): |
| # Honor explicitly requested Host: and Accept-Encoding: headers. |
| header_names = dict.fromkeys([k.lower() for k in headers]) |
| skips = {} |
| if 'host' in header_names: |
| skips['skip_host'] = 1 |
| if 'accept-encoding' in header_names: |
| skips['skip_accept_encoding'] = 1 |
| |
| self.putrequest(method, url, **skips) |
| |
| if body and ('content-length' not in header_names): |
| self._set_content_length(body) |
| for hdr, value in headers.items(): |
| self.putheader(hdr, value) |
| if isinstance(body, str): |
| # RFC 2616 Section 3.7.1 says that text default has a |
| # default charset of iso-8859-1. |
| body = body.encode('iso-8859-1') |
| self.endheaders(body) |
| |
| def getresponse(self): |
| """Get the response from the server. |
| |
| If the HTTPConnection is in the correct state, returns an |
| instance of HTTPResponse or of whatever object is returned by |
| class the response_class variable. |
| |
| If a request has not been sent or if a previous response has |
| not be handled, ResponseNotReady is raised. If the HTTP |
| response indicates that the connection should be closed, then |
| it will be closed before the response is returned. When the |
| connection is closed, the underlying socket is closed. |
| """ |
| |
| # if a prior response has been completed, then forget about it. |
| if self.__response and self.__response.isclosed(): |
| self.__response = None |
| |
| # if a prior response exists, then it must be completed (otherwise, we |
| # cannot read this response's header to determine the connection-close |
| # behavior) |
| # |
| # note: if a prior response existed, but was connection-close, then the |
| # socket and response were made independent of this HTTPConnection |
| # object since a new request requires that we open a whole new |
| # connection |
| # |
| # this means the prior response had one of two states: |
| # 1) will_close: this connection was reset and the prior socket and |
| # response operate independently |
| # 2) persistent: the response was retained and we await its |
| # isclosed() status to become true. |
| # |
| if self.__state != _CS_REQ_SENT or self.__response: |
| raise ResponseNotReady(self.__state) |
| |
| if self.debuglevel > 0: |
| response = self.response_class(self.sock, self.debuglevel, |
| strict=self.strict, |
| method=self._method) |
| else: |
| response = self.response_class(self.sock, strict=self.strict, |
| method=self._method) |
| |
| response.begin() |
| assert response.will_close != _UNKNOWN |
| self.__state = _CS_IDLE |
| |
| if response.will_close: |
| # this effectively passes the connection to the response |
| self.close() |
| else: |
| # remember this, so we can tell when it is complete |
| self.__response = response |
| |
| return response |
| |
| try: |
| import ssl |
| except ImportError: |
| pass |
| else: |
| class HTTPSConnection(HTTPConnection): |
| "This class allows communication via SSL." |
| |
| default_port = HTTPS_PORT |
| |
| def __init__(self, host, port=None, key_file=None, cert_file=None, |
| strict=None, timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, |
| source_address=None): |
| super(HTTPSConnection, self).__init__(host, port, strict, timeout, |
| source_address) |
| self.key_file = key_file |
| self.cert_file = cert_file |
| |
| def connect(self): |
| "Connect to a host on a given (SSL) port." |
| |
| sock = socket.create_connection((self.host, self.port), |
| self.timeout, self.source_address) |
| |
| if self._tunnel_host: |
| self.sock = sock |
| self._tunnel() |
| |
| self.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(sock, self.key_file, self.cert_file) |
| |
| |
| def FakeSocket (sock, sslobj): |
| warnings.warn("FakeSocket is deprecated, and won't be in 3.x. " + |
| "Use the result of ssl.wrap_socket() directly instead.", |
| DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2) |
| return sslobj |
| |
| __all__.append("HTTPSConnection") |
| |
| class HTTPException(Exception): |
| # Subclasses that define an __init__ must call Exception.__init__ |
| # or define self.args. Otherwise, str() will fail. |
| pass |
| |
| class NotConnected(HTTPException): |
| pass |
| |
| class InvalidURL(HTTPException): |
| pass |
| |
| class UnknownProtocol(HTTPException): |
| def __init__(self, version): |
| self.args = version, |
| self.version = version |
| |
| class UnknownTransferEncoding(HTTPException): |
| pass |
| |
| class UnimplementedFileMode(HTTPException): |
| pass |
| |
| class IncompleteRead(HTTPException): |
| def __init__(self, partial, expected=None): |
| self.args = partial, |
| self.partial = partial |
| self.expected = expected |
| def __repr__(self): |
| if self.expected is not None: |
| e = ', %i more expected' % self.expected |
| else: |
| e = '' |
| return 'IncompleteRead(%i bytes read%s)' % (len(self.partial), e) |
| def __str__(self): |
| return repr(self) |
| |
| class ImproperConnectionState(HTTPException): |
| pass |
| |
| class CannotSendRequest(ImproperConnectionState): |
| pass |
| |
| class CannotSendHeader(ImproperConnectionState): |
| pass |
| |
| class ResponseNotReady(ImproperConnectionState): |
| pass |
| |
| class BadStatusLine(HTTPException): |
| def __init__(self, line): |
| if not line: |
| line = repr(line) |
| self.args = line, |
| self.line = line |
| |
| # for backwards compatibility |
| error = HTTPException |
| |
| class LineAndFileWrapper: |
| """A limited file-like object for HTTP/0.9 responses.""" |
| |
| # The status-line parsing code calls readline(), which normally |
| # get the HTTP status line. For a 0.9 response, however, this is |
| # actually the first line of the body! Clients need to get a |
| # readable file object that contains that line. |
| |
| def __init__(self, line, file): |
| self._line = line |
| self._file = file |
| self._line_consumed = 0 |
| self._line_offset = 0 |
| self._line_left = len(line) |
| |
| def __getattr__(self, attr): |
| return getattr(self._file, attr) |
| |
| def _done(self): |
| # called when the last byte is read from the line. After the |
| # call, all read methods are delegated to the underlying file |
| # object. |
| self._line_consumed = 1 |
| self.read = self._file.read |
| self.readline = self._file.readline |
| self.readlines = self._file.readlines |
| |
| def read(self, amt=None): |
| if self._line_consumed: |
| return self._file.read(amt) |
| assert self._line_left |
| if amt is None or amt > self._line_left: |
| s = self._line[self._line_offset:] |
| self._done() |
| if amt is None: |
| return s + self._file.read() |
| else: |
| return s + self._file.read(amt - len(s)) |
| else: |
| assert amt <= self._line_left |
| i = self._line_offset |
| j = i + amt |
| s = self._line[i:j] |
| self._line_offset = j |
| self._line_left -= amt |
| if self._line_left == 0: |
| self._done() |
| return s |
| |
| def readline(self): |
| if self._line_consumed: |
| return self._file.readline() |
| assert self._line_left |
| s = self._line[self._line_offset:] |
| self._done() |
| return s |
| |
| def readlines(self, size=None): |
| if self._line_consumed: |
| return self._file.readlines(size) |
| assert self._line_left |
| L = [self._line[self._line_offset:]] |
| self._done() |
| if size is None: |
| return L + self._file.readlines() |
| else: |
| return L + self._file.readlines(size) |