| #! /usr/bin/env python |
| |
| """SMTP/ESMTP client class. |
| |
| Author: The Dragon De Monsyne <dragondm@integral.org> |
| ESMTP support, test code and doc fixes added by |
| Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com> |
| Better RFC 821 compliance (MAIL and RCPT, and CRLF in data) |
| by Carey Evans <c.evans@clear.net.nz>, for picky mail servers. |
| |
| This was modified from the Python 1.5 library HTTP lib. |
| |
| This should follow RFC 821 (SMTP) and RFC 1869 (ESMTP). |
| |
| Notes: |
| |
| Please remember, when doing ESMTP, that the names of the SMTP service |
| extensions are NOT the same thing as the option keywords for the RCPT |
| and MAIL commands! |
| |
| Example: |
| |
| >>> import smtplib |
| >>> s=smtplib.SMTP("localhost") |
| >>> print s.help() |
| This is Sendmail version 8.8.4 |
| Topics: |
| HELO EHLO MAIL RCPT DATA |
| RSET NOOP QUIT HELP VRFY |
| EXPN VERB ETRN DSN |
| For more info use "HELP <topic>". |
| To report bugs in the implementation send email to |
| sendmail-bugs@sendmail.org. |
| For local information send email to Postmaster at your site. |
| End of HELP info |
| >>> s.putcmd("vrfy","someone@here") |
| >>> s.getreply() |
| (250, "Somebody OverHere <somebody@here.my.org>") |
| >>> s.quit() |
| """ |
| |
| import socket |
| import string |
| import re |
| import rfc822 |
| import types |
| |
| SMTP_PORT = 25 |
| CRLF="\r\n" |
| |
| # Exception classes used by this module. |
| class SMTPException(Exception): |
| """Base class for all exceptions raised by this module.""" |
| |
| class SMTPServerDisconnected(SMTPException): |
| """Not connected to any SMTP server. |
| |
| This exception is raised when the server unexpectedly disconnects, |
| or when an attempt is made to use the SMTP instance before |
| connecting it to a server. |
| """ |
| |
| class SMTPResponseException(SMTPException): |
| """Base class for all exceptions that include an SMTP error code. |
| |
| These exceptions are generated in some instances when the SMTP |
| server returns an error code. The error code is stored in the |
| `smtp_code' attribute of the error, and the `smtp_error' attribute |
| is set to the error message. |
| """ |
| |
| def __init__(self, code, msg): |
| self.smtp_code = code |
| self.smtp_error = msg |
| self.args = (code, msg) |
| |
| class SMTPSenderRefused(SMTPResponseException): |
| """Sender address refused. |
| In addition to the attributes set by on all SMTPResponseException |
| exceptions, this sets `sender' to the string that the SMTP refused. |
| """ |
| |
| def __init__(self, code, msg, sender): |
| self.smtp_code = code |
| self.smtp_error = msg |
| self.sender = sender |
| self.args = (code, msg, sender) |
| |
| class SMTPRecipientsRefused(SMTPException): |
| """All recipient addresses refused. |
| The errors for each recipient are accessable thru the attribute |
| 'recipients', which is a dictionary of exactly the same sort as |
| SMTP.sendmail() returns. |
| """ |
| |
| def __init__(self, recipients): |
| self.recipients = recipients |
| self.args = ( recipients,) |
| |
| |
| |
| class SMTPDataError(SMTPResponseException): |
| """The SMTP server didn't accept the data.""" |
| |
| class SMTPConnectError(SMTPResponseException): |
| """Error during connection establishment.""" |
| |
| class SMTPHeloError(SMTPResponseException): |
| """The server refused our HELO reply.""" |
| |
| def quoteaddr(addr): |
| """Quote a subset of the email addresses defined by RFC 821. |
| |
| Should be able to handle anything rfc822.parseaddr can handle. |
| """ |
| m=None |
| try: |
| m=rfc822.parseaddr(addr)[1] |
| except AttributeError: |
| pass |
| if not m: |
| #something weird here.. punt -ddm |
| return addr |
| else: |
| return "<%s>" % m |
| |
| def quotedata(data): |
| """Quote data for email. |
| |
| Double leading '.', and change Unix newline '\\n', or Mac '\\r' into |
| Internet CRLF end-of-line. |
| """ |
| return re.sub(r'(?m)^\.', '..', |
| re.sub(r'(?:\r\n|\n|\r(?!\n))', CRLF, data)) |
| |
| class SMTP: |
| """This class manages a connection to an SMTP or ESMTP server. |
| SMTP Objects: |
| SMTP objects have the following attributes: |
| helo_resp |
| This is the message given by the server in response to the |
| most recent HELO command. |
| |
| ehlo_resp |
| This is the message given by the server in response to the |
| most recent EHLO command. This is usually multiline. |
| |
| does_esmtp |
| This is a True value _after you do an EHLO command_, if the |
| server supports ESMTP. |
| |
| esmtp_features |
| This is a dictionary, which, if the server supports ESMTP, |
| will _after you do an EHLO command_, contain the names of the |
| SMTP service extensions this server supports, and their |
| parameters (if any). |
| |
| Note, all extension names are mapped to lower case in the |
| dictionary. |
| |
| See each method's docstrings for details. In general, there is a |
| method of the same name to perform each SMTP command. There is also a |
| method called 'sendmail' that will do an entire mail transaction. |
| """ |
| debuglevel = 0 |
| file = None |
| helo_resp = None |
| ehlo_resp = None |
| does_esmtp = 0 |
| |
| def __init__(self, host = '', port = 0): |
| """Initialize a new instance. |
| |
| If specified, `host' is the name of the remote host to which to |
| connect. If specified, `port' specifies the port to which to connect. |
| By default, smtplib.SMTP_PORT is used. An SMTPConnectError is raised |
| if the specified `host' doesn't respond correctly. |
| |
| """ |
| self.esmtp_features = {} |
| if host: |
| (code, msg) = self.connect(host, port) |
| if code != 220: |
| raise SMTPConnectError(code, msg) |
| |
| def set_debuglevel(self, debuglevel): |
| """Set the debug output level. |
| |
| A non-false value results in debug messages for connection and for all |
| messages sent to and received from the server. |
| |
| """ |
| self.debuglevel = debuglevel |
| |
| def connect(self, host='localhost', port = 0): |
| """Connect to a host on a given port. |
| |
| If the hostname ends with a colon (`:') followed by a number, and |
| there is no port specified, that suffix will be stripped off and the |
| number interpreted as the port number to use. |
| |
| Note: This method is automatically invoked by __init__, if a host is |
| specified during instantiation. |
| |
| """ |
| if not port: |
| i = string.find(host, ':') |
| if i >= 0: |
| host, port = host[:i], host[i+1:] |
| try: port = string.atoi(port) |
| except string.atoi_error: |
| raise socket.error, "nonnumeric port" |
| if not port: port = SMTP_PORT |
| self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) |
| if self.debuglevel > 0: print 'connect:', (host, port) |
| self.sock.connect(host, port) |
| (code,msg)=self.getreply() |
| if self.debuglevel >0 : print "connect:", msg |
| return (code,msg) |
| |
| def send(self, str): |
| """Send `str' to the server.""" |
| if self.debuglevel > 0: print 'send:', `str` |
| if self.sock: |
| try: |
| self.sock.send(str) |
| except socket.error: |
| raise SMTPServerDisconnected('Server not connected') |
| else: |
| raise SMTPServerDisconnected('please run connect() first') |
| |
| def putcmd(self, cmd, args=""): |
| """Send a command to the server.""" |
| if args == "": |
| str = '%s%s' % (cmd, CRLF) |
| else: |
| str = '%s %s%s' % (cmd, args, CRLF) |
| self.send(str) |
| |
| def getreply(self): |
| """Get a reply from the server. |
| |
| Returns a tuple consisting of: |
| |
| - server response code (e.g. '250', or such, if all goes well) |
| Note: returns -1 if it can't read response code. |
| |
| - server response string corresponding to response code (multiline |
| responses are converted to a single, multiline string). |
| |
| Raises SMTPServerDisconnected if end-of-file is reached. |
| """ |
| resp=[] |
| if self.file is None: |
| self.file = self.sock.makefile('rb') |
| while 1: |
| line = self.file.readline() |
| if line == '': |
| self.close() |
| raise SMTPServerDisconnected("Connection unexpectedly closed") |
| if self.debuglevel > 0: print 'reply:', `line` |
| resp.append(string.strip(line[4:])) |
| code=line[:3] |
| # Check that the error code is syntactically correct. |
| # Don't attempt to read a continuation line if it is broken. |
| try: |
| errcode = string.atoi(code) |
| except ValueError: |
| errcode = -1 |
| break |
| # Check if multiline response. |
| if line[3:4]!="-": |
| break |
| |
| errmsg = string.join(resp,"\n") |
| if self.debuglevel > 0: |
| print 'reply: retcode (%s); Msg: %s' % (errcode,errmsg) |
| return errcode, errmsg |
| |
| def docmd(self, cmd, args=""): |
| """Send a command, and return its response code.""" |
| self.putcmd(cmd,args) |
| return self.getreply() |
| |
| # std smtp commands |
| def helo(self, name=''): |
| """SMTP 'helo' command. |
| Hostname to send for this command defaults to the FQDN of the local |
| host. |
| """ |
| name=string.strip(name) |
| if len(name)==0: |
| name = socket.gethostname() |
| try: |
| name = socket.gethostbyaddr(name)[0] |
| except socket.error: |
| pass |
| self.putcmd("helo",name) |
| (code,msg)=self.getreply() |
| self.helo_resp=msg |
| return (code,msg) |
| |
| def ehlo(self, name=''): |
| """ SMTP 'ehlo' command. |
| Hostname to send for this command defaults to the FQDN of the local |
| host. |
| """ |
| name=string.strip(name) |
| if len(name)==0: |
| name = socket.gethostname() |
| try: |
| name = socket.gethostbyaddr(name)[0] |
| except socket.error: |
| pass |
| self.putcmd("ehlo",name) |
| (code,msg)=self.getreply() |
| # According to RFC1869 some (badly written) |
| # MTA's will disconnect on an ehlo. Toss an exception if |
| # that happens -ddm |
| if code == -1 and len(msg) == 0: |
| raise SMTPServerDisconnected("Server not connected") |
| self.ehlo_resp=msg |
| if code<>250: |
| return (code,msg) |
| self.does_esmtp=1 |
| #parse the ehlo responce -ddm |
| resp=string.split(self.ehlo_resp,'\n') |
| del resp[0] |
| for each in resp: |
| m=re.match(r'(?P<feature>[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9\-]*)',each) |
| if m: |
| feature=string.lower(m.group("feature")) |
| params=string.strip(m.string[m.end("feature"):]) |
| self.esmtp_features[feature]=params |
| return (code,msg) |
| |
| def has_extn(self, opt): |
| """Does the server support a given SMTP service extension?""" |
| return self.esmtp_features.has_key(string.lower(opt)) |
| |
| def help(self, args=''): |
| """SMTP 'help' command. |
| Returns help text from server.""" |
| self.putcmd("help", args) |
| return self.getreply() |
| |
| def rset(self): |
| """SMTP 'rset' command -- resets session.""" |
| return self.docmd("rset") |
| |
| def noop(self): |
| """SMTP 'noop' command -- doesn't do anything :>""" |
| return self.docmd("noop") |
| |
| def mail(self,sender,options=[]): |
| """SMTP 'mail' command -- begins mail xfer session.""" |
| optionlist = '' |
| if options and self.does_esmtp: |
| optionlist = ' ' + string.join(options, ' ') |
| self.putcmd("mail", "FROM:%s%s" % (quoteaddr(sender) ,optionlist)) |
| return self.getreply() |
| |
| def rcpt(self,recip,options=[]): |
| """SMTP 'rcpt' command -- indicates 1 recipient for this mail.""" |
| optionlist = '' |
| if options and self.does_esmtp: |
| optionlist = ' ' + string.join(options, ' ') |
| self.putcmd("rcpt","TO:%s%s" % (quoteaddr(recip),optionlist)) |
| return self.getreply() |
| |
| def data(self,msg): |
| """SMTP 'DATA' command -- sends message data to server. |
| |
| Automatically quotes lines beginning with a period per rfc821. |
| Raises SMTPDataError if there is an unexpected reply to the |
| DATA command; the return value from this method is the final |
| response code received when the all data is sent. |
| """ |
| self.putcmd("data") |
| (code,repl)=self.getreply() |
| if self.debuglevel >0 : print "data:", (code,repl) |
| if code <> 354: |
| raise SMTPDataError(code,repl) |
| else: |
| q = quotedata(msg) |
| if q[-2:] != CRLF: |
| q = q + CRLF |
| q = q + "." + CRLF |
| self.send(q) |
| (code,msg)=self.getreply() |
| if self.debuglevel >0 : print "data:", (code,msg) |
| return (code,msg) |
| |
| def verify(self, address): |
| """SMTP 'verify' command -- checks for address validity.""" |
| self.putcmd("vrfy", quoteaddr(address)) |
| return self.getreply() |
| # a.k.a. |
| vrfy=verify |
| |
| def expn(self, address): |
| """SMTP 'verify' command -- checks for address validity.""" |
| self.putcmd("expn", quoteaddr(address)) |
| return self.getreply() |
| |
| # some useful methods |
| def sendmail(self, from_addr, to_addrs, msg, mail_options=[], |
| rcpt_options=[]): |
| """This command performs an entire mail transaction. |
| |
| The arguments are: |
| - from_addr : The address sending this mail. |
| - to_addrs : A list of addresses to send this mail to. A bare |
| string will be treated as a list with 1 address. |
| - msg : The message to send. |
| - mail_options : List of ESMTP options (such as 8bitmime) for the |
| mail command. |
| - rcpt_options : List of ESMTP options (such as DSN commands) for |
| all the rcpt commands. |
| |
| If there has been no previous EHLO or HELO command this session, this |
| method tries ESMTP EHLO first. If the server does ESMTP, message size |
| and each of the specified options will be passed to it. If EHLO |
| fails, HELO will be tried and ESMTP options suppressed. |
| |
| This method will return normally if the mail is accepted for at least |
| one recipient. It returns a dictionary, with one entry for each |
| recipient that was refused. Each entry contains a tuple of the SMTP |
| error code and the accompanying error message sent by the server. |
| |
| This method may raise the following exceptions: |
| |
| SMTPHeloError The server didn't reply properly to |
| the helo greeting. |
| SMTPRecipientsRefused The server rejected ALL recipients |
| (no mail was sent). |
| SMTPSenderRefused The server didn't accept the from_addr. |
| SMTPDataError The server replied with an unexpected |
| error code (other than a refusal of |
| a recipient). |
| |
| Note: the connection will be open even after an exception is raised. |
| |
| Example: |
| |
| >>> import smtplib |
| >>> s=smtplib.SMTP("localhost") |
| >>> tolist=["one@one.org","two@two.org","three@three.org","four@four.org"] |
| >>> msg = ''' |
| ... From: Me@my.org |
| ... Subject: testin'... |
| ... |
| ... This is a test ''' |
| >>> s.sendmail("me@my.org",tolist,msg) |
| { "three@three.org" : ( 550 ,"User unknown" ) } |
| >>> s.quit() |
| |
| In the above example, the message was accepted for delivery to three |
| of the four addresses, and one was rejected, with the error code |
| 550. If all addresses are accepted, then the method will return an |
| empty dictionary. |
| |
| """ |
| if self.helo_resp is None and self.ehlo_resp is None: |
| if not (200 <= self.ehlo()[0] <= 299): |
| (code,resp) = self.helo() |
| if not (200 <= code <= 299): |
| raise SMTPHeloError(code, resp) |
| esmtp_opts = [] |
| if self.does_esmtp: |
| # Hmmm? what's this? -ddm |
| # self.esmtp_features['7bit']="" |
| if self.has_extn('size'): |
| esmtp_opts.append("size=" + `len(msg)`) |
| for option in mail_options: |
| esmtp_opts.append(option) |
| |
| (code,resp) = self.mail(from_addr, esmtp_opts) |
| if code <> 250: |
| self.rset() |
| raise SMTPSenderRefused(code, resp, from_addr) |
| senderrs={} |
| if type(to_addrs) == types.StringType: |
| to_addrs = [to_addrs] |
| for each in to_addrs: |
| (code,resp)=self.rcpt(each, rcpt_options) |
| if (code <> 250) and (code <> 251): |
| senderrs[each]=(code,resp) |
| if len(senderrs)==len(to_addrs): |
| # the server refused all our recipients |
| self.rset() |
| raise SMTPRecipientsRefused(senderrs) |
| (code,resp)=self.data(msg) |
| if code <> 250: |
| self.rset() |
| raise SMTPDataError(code, resp) |
| #if we got here then somebody got our mail |
| return senderrs |
| |
| |
| def close(self): |
| """Close the connection to the SMTP server.""" |
| if self.file: |
| self.file.close() |
| self.file = None |
| if self.sock: |
| self.sock.close() |
| self.sock = None |
| |
| |
| def quit(self): |
| """Terminate the SMTP session.""" |
| self.docmd("quit") |
| self.close() |
| |
| |
| # Test the sendmail method, which tests most of the others. |
| # Note: This always sends to localhost. |
| if __name__ == '__main__': |
| import sys, rfc822 |
| |
| def prompt(prompt): |
| sys.stdout.write(prompt + ": ") |
| return string.strip(sys.stdin.readline()) |
| |
| fromaddr = prompt("From") |
| toaddrs = string.splitfields(prompt("To"), ',') |
| print "Enter message, end with ^D:" |
| msg = '' |
| while 1: |
| line = sys.stdin.readline() |
| if not line: |
| break |
| msg = msg + line |
| print "Message length is " + `len(msg)` |
| |
| server = SMTP('localhost') |
| server.set_debuglevel(1) |
| server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, msg) |
| server.quit() |