| # Python test set -- built-in functions | 
 |  | 
 | import ast | 
 | import builtins | 
 | import collections | 
 | import io | 
 | import locale | 
 | import os | 
 | import pickle | 
 | import platform | 
 | import random | 
 | import sys | 
 | import traceback | 
 | import types | 
 | import unittest | 
 | import warnings | 
 | from operator import neg | 
 | from test.support import TESTFN, unlink,  run_unittest, check_warnings | 
 | from test.script_helper import assert_python_ok | 
 | try: | 
 |     import pty, signal | 
 | except ImportError: | 
 |     pty = signal = None | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | class Squares: | 
 |  | 
 |     def __init__(self, max): | 
 |         self.max = max | 
 |         self.sofar = [] | 
 |  | 
 |     def __len__(self): return len(self.sofar) | 
 |  | 
 |     def __getitem__(self, i): | 
 |         if not 0 <= i < self.max: raise IndexError | 
 |         n = len(self.sofar) | 
 |         while n <= i: | 
 |             self.sofar.append(n*n) | 
 |             n += 1 | 
 |         return self.sofar[i] | 
 |  | 
 | class StrSquares: | 
 |  | 
 |     def __init__(self, max): | 
 |         self.max = max | 
 |         self.sofar = [] | 
 |  | 
 |     def __len__(self): | 
 |         return len(self.sofar) | 
 |  | 
 |     def __getitem__(self, i): | 
 |         if not 0 <= i < self.max: | 
 |             raise IndexError | 
 |         n = len(self.sofar) | 
 |         while n <= i: | 
 |             self.sofar.append(str(n*n)) | 
 |             n += 1 | 
 |         return self.sofar[i] | 
 |  | 
 | class BitBucket: | 
 |     def write(self, line): | 
 |         pass | 
 |  | 
 | test_conv_no_sign = [ | 
 |         ('0', 0), | 
 |         ('1', 1), | 
 |         ('9', 9), | 
 |         ('10', 10), | 
 |         ('99', 99), | 
 |         ('100', 100), | 
 |         ('314', 314), | 
 |         (' 314', 314), | 
 |         ('314 ', 314), | 
 |         ('  \t\t  314  \t\t  ', 314), | 
 |         (repr(sys.maxsize), sys.maxsize), | 
 |         ('  1x', ValueError), | 
 |         ('  1  ', 1), | 
 |         ('  1\02  ', ValueError), | 
 |         ('', ValueError), | 
 |         (' ', ValueError), | 
 |         ('  \t\t  ', ValueError), | 
 |         (str(b'\u0663\u0661\u0664 ','raw-unicode-escape'), 314), | 
 |         (chr(0x200), ValueError), | 
 | ] | 
 |  | 
 | test_conv_sign = [ | 
 |         ('0', 0), | 
 |         ('1', 1), | 
 |         ('9', 9), | 
 |         ('10', 10), | 
 |         ('99', 99), | 
 |         ('100', 100), | 
 |         ('314', 314), | 
 |         (' 314', ValueError), | 
 |         ('314 ', 314), | 
 |         ('  \t\t  314  \t\t  ', ValueError), | 
 |         (repr(sys.maxsize), sys.maxsize), | 
 |         ('  1x', ValueError), | 
 |         ('  1  ', ValueError), | 
 |         ('  1\02  ', ValueError), | 
 |         ('', ValueError), | 
 |         (' ', ValueError), | 
 |         ('  \t\t  ', ValueError), | 
 |         (str(b'\u0663\u0661\u0664 ','raw-unicode-escape'), 314), | 
 |         (chr(0x200), ValueError), | 
 | ] | 
 |  | 
 | class TestFailingBool: | 
 |     def __bool__(self): | 
 |         raise RuntimeError | 
 |  | 
 | class TestFailingIter: | 
 |     def __iter__(self): | 
 |         raise RuntimeError | 
 |  | 
 | def filter_char(arg): | 
 |     return ord(arg) > ord("d") | 
 |  | 
 | def map_char(arg): | 
 |     return chr(ord(arg)+1) | 
 |  | 
 | class BuiltinTest(unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     # Helper to check picklability | 
 |     def check_iter_pickle(self, it, seq): | 
 |         itorg = it | 
 |         d = pickle.dumps(it) | 
 |         it = pickle.loads(d) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(type(itorg), type(it)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(it), seq) | 
 |  | 
 |         #test the iterator after dropping one from it | 
 |         it = pickle.loads(d) | 
 |         try: | 
 |             next(it) | 
 |         except StopIteration: | 
 |             return | 
 |         d = pickle.dumps(it) | 
 |         it = pickle.loads(d) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(it), seq[1:]) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_import(self): | 
 |         __import__('sys') | 
 |         __import__('time') | 
 |         __import__('string') | 
 |         __import__(name='sys') | 
 |         __import__(name='time', level=0) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ImportError, __import__, 'spamspam') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, __import__, 1, 2, 3, 4) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, __import__, '') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, __import__, 'sys', name='sys') | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_abs(self): | 
 |         # int | 
 |         self.assertEqual(abs(0), 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(abs(1234), 1234) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(abs(-1234), 1234) | 
 |         self.assertTrue(abs(-sys.maxsize-1) > 0) | 
 |         # float | 
 |         self.assertEqual(abs(0.0), 0.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(abs(3.14), 3.14) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(abs(-3.14), 3.14) | 
 |         # str | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, abs, 'a') | 
 |         # bool | 
 |         self.assertEqual(abs(True), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(abs(False), 0) | 
 |         # other | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, abs) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, abs, None) | 
 |         class AbsClass(object): | 
 |             def __abs__(self): | 
 |                 return -5 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(abs(AbsClass()), -5) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_all(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(all([2, 4, 6]), True) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(all([2, None, 6]), False) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, all, [2, TestFailingBool(), 6]) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, all, TestFailingIter()) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, all, 10)               # Non-iterable | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, all)                   # No args | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, all, [2, 4, 6], [])    # Too many args | 
 |         self.assertEqual(all([]), True)                     # Empty iterator | 
 |         self.assertEqual(all([0, TestFailingBool()]), False)# Short-circuit | 
 |         S = [50, 60] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(all(x > 42 for x in S), True) | 
 |         S = [50, 40, 60] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(all(x > 42 for x in S), False) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_any(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(any([None, None, None]), False) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(any([None, 4, None]), True) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, any, [None, TestFailingBool(), 6]) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, any, TestFailingIter()) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, any, 10)               # Non-iterable | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, any)                   # No args | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, any, [2, 4, 6], [])    # Too many args | 
 |         self.assertEqual(any([]), False)                    # Empty iterator | 
 |         self.assertEqual(any([1, TestFailingBool()]), True) # Short-circuit | 
 |         S = [40, 60, 30] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(any(x > 42 for x in S), True) | 
 |         S = [10, 20, 30] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(any(x > 42 for x in S), False) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_ascii(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ascii(''), '\'\'') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ascii(0), '0') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ascii(()), '()') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ascii([]), '[]') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ascii({}), '{}') | 
 |         a = [] | 
 |         a.append(a) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ascii(a), '[[...]]') | 
 |         a = {} | 
 |         a[0] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ascii(a), '{0: {...}}') | 
 |         # Advanced checks for unicode strings | 
 |         def _check_uni(s): | 
 |             self.assertEqual(ascii(s), repr(s)) | 
 |         _check_uni("'") | 
 |         _check_uni('"') | 
 |         _check_uni('"\'') | 
 |         _check_uni('\0') | 
 |         _check_uni('\r\n\t .') | 
 |         # Unprintable non-ASCII characters | 
 |         _check_uni('\x85') | 
 |         _check_uni('\u1fff') | 
 |         _check_uni('\U00012fff') | 
 |         # Lone surrogates | 
 |         _check_uni('\ud800') | 
 |         _check_uni('\udfff') | 
 |         # Issue #9804: surrogates should be joined even for printable | 
 |         # wide characters (UCS-2 builds). | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ascii('\U0001d121'), "'\\U0001d121'") | 
 |         # All together | 
 |         s = "'\0\"\n\r\t abcd\x85é\U00012fff\uD800\U0001D121xxx." | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ascii(s), | 
 |             r"""'\'\x00"\n\r\t abcd\x85\xe9\U00012fff\ud800\U0001d121xxx.'""") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_neg(self): | 
 |         x = -sys.maxsize-1 | 
 |         self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, int)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(-x, sys.maxsize+1) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_callable(self): | 
 |         self.assertTrue(callable(len)) | 
 |         self.assertFalse(callable("a")) | 
 |         self.assertTrue(callable(callable)) | 
 |         self.assertTrue(callable(lambda x, y: x + y)) | 
 |         self.assertFalse(callable(__builtins__)) | 
 |         def f(): pass | 
 |         self.assertTrue(callable(f)) | 
 |  | 
 |         class C1: | 
 |             def meth(self): pass | 
 |         self.assertTrue(callable(C1)) | 
 |         c = C1() | 
 |         self.assertTrue(callable(c.meth)) | 
 |         self.assertFalse(callable(c)) | 
 |  | 
 |         # __call__ is looked up on the class, not the instance | 
 |         c.__call__ = None | 
 |         self.assertFalse(callable(c)) | 
 |         c.__call__ = lambda self: 0 | 
 |         self.assertFalse(callable(c)) | 
 |         del c.__call__ | 
 |         self.assertFalse(callable(c)) | 
 |  | 
 |         class C2(object): | 
 |             def __call__(self): pass | 
 |         c2 = C2() | 
 |         self.assertTrue(callable(c2)) | 
 |         c2.__call__ = None | 
 |         self.assertTrue(callable(c2)) | 
 |         class C3(C2): pass | 
 |         c3 = C3() | 
 |         self.assertTrue(callable(c3)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_chr(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(32), ' ') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(65), 'A') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(97), 'a') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(0xff), '\xff') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, chr, 1<<24) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(sys.maxunicode), | 
 |                          str('\\U0010ffff'.encode("ascii"), 'unicode-escape')) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, chr) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(0x0000FFFF), "\U0000FFFF") | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(0x00010000), "\U00010000") | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(0x00010001), "\U00010001") | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(0x000FFFFE), "\U000FFFFE") | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(0x000FFFFF), "\U000FFFFF") | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(0x00100000), "\U00100000") | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(0x00100001), "\U00100001") | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(0x0010FFFE), "\U0010FFFE") | 
 |         self.assertEqual(chr(0x0010FFFF), "\U0010FFFF") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, chr, -1) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, chr, 0x00110000) | 
 |         self.assertRaises((OverflowError, ValueError), chr, 2**32) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_cmp(self): | 
 |         self.assertTrue(not hasattr(builtins, "cmp")) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_compile(self): | 
 |         compile('print(1)\n', '', 'exec') | 
 |         bom = b'\xef\xbb\xbf' | 
 |         compile(bom + b'print(1)\n', '', 'exec') | 
 |         compile(source='pass', filename='?', mode='exec') | 
 |         compile(dont_inherit=0, filename='tmp', source='0', mode='eval') | 
 |         compile('pass', '?', dont_inherit=1, mode='exec') | 
 |         compile(memoryview(b"text"), "name", "exec") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, compile) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, compile, 'print(42)\n', '<string>', 'badmode') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, compile, 'print(42)\n', '<string>', 'single', 0xff) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, compile, chr(0), 'f', 'exec') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, compile, 'pass', '?', 'exec', | 
 |                           mode='eval', source='0', filename='tmp') | 
 |         compile('print("\xe5")\n', '', 'exec') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, compile, chr(0), 'f', 'exec') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, compile, str('a = 1'), 'f', 'bad') | 
 |  | 
 |         # test the optimize argument | 
 |  | 
 |         codestr = '''def f(): | 
 |         """doc""" | 
 |         try: | 
 |             assert False | 
 |         except AssertionError: | 
 |             return (True, f.__doc__) | 
 |         else: | 
 |             return (False, f.__doc__) | 
 |         ''' | 
 |         def f(): """doc""" | 
 |         values = [(-1, __debug__, f.__doc__), | 
 |                   (0, True, 'doc'), | 
 |                   (1, False, 'doc'), | 
 |                   (2, False, None)] | 
 |         for optval, debugval, docstring in values: | 
 |             # test both direct compilation and compilation via AST | 
 |             codeobjs = [] | 
 |             codeobjs.append(compile(codestr, "<test>", "exec", optimize=optval)) | 
 |             tree = ast.parse(codestr) | 
 |             codeobjs.append(compile(tree, "<test>", "exec", optimize=optval)) | 
 |             for code in codeobjs: | 
 |                 ns = {} | 
 |                 exec(code, ns) | 
 |                 rv = ns['f']() | 
 |                 self.assertEqual(rv, (debugval, docstring)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_delattr(self): | 
 |         sys.spam = 1 | 
 |         delattr(sys, 'spam') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, delattr) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_dir(self): | 
 |         # dir(wrong number of arguments) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, dir, 42, 42) | 
 |  | 
 |         # dir() - local scope | 
 |         local_var = 1 | 
 |         self.assertIn('local_var', dir()) | 
 |  | 
 |         # dir(module) | 
 |         self.assertIn('exit', dir(sys)) | 
 |  | 
 |         # dir(module_with_invalid__dict__) | 
 |         class Foo(types.ModuleType): | 
 |             __dict__ = 8 | 
 |         f = Foo("foo") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, dir, f) | 
 |  | 
 |         # dir(type) | 
 |         self.assertIn("strip", dir(str)) | 
 |         self.assertNotIn("__mro__", dir(str)) | 
 |  | 
 |         # dir(obj) | 
 |         class Foo(object): | 
 |             def __init__(self): | 
 |                 self.x = 7 | 
 |                 self.y = 8 | 
 |                 self.z = 9 | 
 |         f = Foo() | 
 |         self.assertIn("y", dir(f)) | 
 |  | 
 |         # dir(obj_no__dict__) | 
 |         class Foo(object): | 
 |             __slots__ = [] | 
 |         f = Foo() | 
 |         self.assertIn("__repr__", dir(f)) | 
 |  | 
 |         # dir(obj_no__class__with__dict__) | 
 |         # (an ugly trick to cause getattr(f, "__class__") to fail) | 
 |         class Foo(object): | 
 |             __slots__ = ["__class__", "__dict__"] | 
 |             def __init__(self): | 
 |                 self.bar = "wow" | 
 |         f = Foo() | 
 |         self.assertNotIn("__repr__", dir(f)) | 
 |         self.assertIn("bar", dir(f)) | 
 |  | 
 |         # dir(obj_using __dir__) | 
 |         class Foo(object): | 
 |             def __dir__(self): | 
 |                 return ["kan", "ga", "roo"] | 
 |         f = Foo() | 
 |         self.assertTrue(dir(f) == ["ga", "kan", "roo"]) | 
 |  | 
 |         # dir(obj__dir__tuple) | 
 |         class Foo(object): | 
 |             def __dir__(self): | 
 |                 return ("b", "c", "a") | 
 |         res = dir(Foo()) | 
 |         self.assertIsInstance(res, list) | 
 |         self.assertTrue(res == ["a", "b", "c"]) | 
 |  | 
 |         # dir(obj__dir__not_sequence) | 
 |         class Foo(object): | 
 |             def __dir__(self): | 
 |                 return 7 | 
 |         f = Foo() | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, dir, f) | 
 |  | 
 |         # dir(traceback) | 
 |         try: | 
 |             raise IndexError | 
 |         except: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(len(dir(sys.exc_info()[2])), 4) | 
 |  | 
 |         # test that object has a __dir__() | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sorted([].__dir__()), dir([])) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_divmod(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(divmod(12, 7), (1, 5)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(divmod(-12, 7), (-2, 2)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(divmod(12, -7), (-2, -2)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(divmod(-12, -7), (1, -5)) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(divmod(-sys.maxsize-1, -1), (sys.maxsize+1, 0)) | 
 |  | 
 |         for num, denom, exp_result in [ (3.25, 1.0, (3.0, 0.25)), | 
 |                                         (-3.25, 1.0, (-4.0, 0.75)), | 
 |                                         (3.25, -1.0, (-4.0, -0.75)), | 
 |                                         (-3.25, -1.0, (3.0, -0.25))]: | 
 |             result = divmod(num, denom) | 
 |             self.assertAlmostEqual(result[0], exp_result[0]) | 
 |             self.assertAlmostEqual(result[1], exp_result[1]) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, divmod) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_eval(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('1+1'), 2) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval(' 1+1\n'), 2) | 
 |         globals = {'a': 1, 'b': 2} | 
 |         locals = {'b': 200, 'c': 300} | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('a', globals) , 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('a', globals, locals), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('b', globals, locals), 200) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('c', globals, locals), 300) | 
 |         globals = {'a': 1, 'b': 2} | 
 |         locals = {'b': 200, 'c': 300} | 
 |         bom = b'\xef\xbb\xbf' | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval(bom + b'a', globals, locals), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('"\xe5"', globals), "\xe5") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, eval) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, eval, ()) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, bom[:2] + b'a') | 
 |  | 
 |         class X: | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, key): | 
 |                 raise ValueError | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, eval, "foo", {}, X()) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_general_eval(self): | 
 |         # Tests that general mappings can be used for the locals argument | 
 |  | 
 |         class M: | 
 |             "Test mapping interface versus possible calls from eval()." | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, key): | 
 |                 if key == 'a': | 
 |                     return 12 | 
 |                 raise KeyError | 
 |             def keys(self): | 
 |                 return list('xyz') | 
 |  | 
 |         m = M() | 
 |         g = globals() | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('a', g, m), 12) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(NameError, eval, 'b', g, m) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('dir()', g, m), list('xyz')) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('globals()', g, m), g) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('locals()', g, m), m) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, eval, 'a', m) | 
 |         class A: | 
 |             "Non-mapping" | 
 |             pass | 
 |         m = A() | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, eval, 'a', g, m) | 
 |  | 
 |         # Verify that dict subclasses work as well | 
 |         class D(dict): | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, key): | 
 |                 if key == 'a': | 
 |                     return 12 | 
 |                 return dict.__getitem__(self, key) | 
 |             def keys(self): | 
 |                 return list('xyz') | 
 |  | 
 |         d = D() | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('a', g, d), 12) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(NameError, eval, 'b', g, d) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('dir()', g, d), list('xyz')) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('globals()', g, d), g) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(eval('locals()', g, d), d) | 
 |  | 
 |         # Verify locals stores (used by list comps) | 
 |         eval('[locals() for i in (2,3)]', g, d) | 
 |         eval('[locals() for i in (2,3)]', g, collections.UserDict()) | 
 |  | 
 |         class SpreadSheet: | 
 |             "Sample application showing nested, calculated lookups." | 
 |             _cells = {} | 
 |             def __setitem__(self, key, formula): | 
 |                 self._cells[key] = formula | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, key): | 
 |                 return eval(self._cells[key], globals(), self) | 
 |  | 
 |         ss = SpreadSheet() | 
 |         ss['a1'] = '5' | 
 |         ss['a2'] = 'a1*6' | 
 |         ss['a3'] = 'a2*7' | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ss['a3'], 210) | 
 |  | 
 |         # Verify that dir() catches a non-list returned by eval | 
 |         # SF bug #1004669 | 
 |         class C: | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, item): | 
 |                 raise KeyError(item) | 
 |             def keys(self): | 
 |                 return 1 # used to be 'a' but that's no longer an error | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, eval, 'dir()', globals(), C()) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_exec(self): | 
 |         g = {} | 
 |         exec('z = 1', g) | 
 |         if '__builtins__' in g: | 
 |             del g['__builtins__'] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g, {'z': 1}) | 
 |  | 
 |         exec('z = 1+1', g) | 
 |         if '__builtins__' in g: | 
 |             del g['__builtins__'] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g, {'z': 2}) | 
 |         g = {} | 
 |         l = {} | 
 |  | 
 |         with check_warnings(): | 
 |             warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", "global statement", | 
 |                     module="<string>") | 
 |             exec('global a; a = 1; b = 2', g, l) | 
 |         if '__builtins__' in g: | 
 |             del g['__builtins__'] | 
 |         if '__builtins__' in l: | 
 |             del l['__builtins__'] | 
 |         self.assertEqual((g, l), ({'a': 1}, {'b': 2})) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_exec_globals(self): | 
 |         code = compile("print('Hello World!')", "", "exec") | 
 |         # no builtin function | 
 |         self.assertRaisesRegex(NameError, "name 'print' is not defined", | 
 |                                exec, code, {'__builtins__': {}}) | 
 |         # __builtins__ must be a mapping type | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, | 
 |                           exec, code, {'__builtins__': 123}) | 
 |  | 
 |         # no __build_class__ function | 
 |         code = compile("class A: pass", "", "exec") | 
 |         self.assertRaisesRegex(NameError, "__build_class__ not found", | 
 |                                exec, code, {'__builtins__': {}}) | 
 |  | 
 |         class frozendict_error(Exception): | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         class frozendict(dict): | 
 |             def __setitem__(self, key, value): | 
 |                 raise frozendict_error("frozendict is readonly") | 
 |  | 
 |         # read-only builtins | 
 |         if isinstance(__builtins__, types.ModuleType): | 
 |             frozen_builtins = frozendict(__builtins__.__dict__) | 
 |         else: | 
 |             frozen_builtins = frozendict(__builtins__) | 
 |         code = compile("__builtins__['superglobal']=2; print(superglobal)", "test", "exec") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(frozendict_error, | 
 |                           exec, code, {'__builtins__': frozen_builtins}) | 
 |  | 
 |         # read-only globals | 
 |         namespace = frozendict({}) | 
 |         code = compile("x=1", "test", "exec") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(frozendict_error, | 
 |                           exec, code, namespace) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_exec_redirected(self): | 
 |         savestdout = sys.stdout | 
 |         sys.stdout = None # Whatever that cannot flush() | 
 |         try: | 
 |             # Used to raise SystemError('error return without exception set') | 
 |             exec('a') | 
 |         except NameError: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         finally: | 
 |             sys.stdout = savestdout | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_filter(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(filter(lambda c: 'a' <= c <= 'z', 'Hello World')), list('elloorld')) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(filter(None, [1, 'hello', [], [3], '', None, 9, 0])), [1, 'hello', [3], 9]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(filter(lambda x: x > 0, [1, -3, 9, 0, 2])), [1, 9, 2]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(filter(None, Squares(10))), [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(filter(lambda x: x%2, Squares(10))), [1, 9, 25, 49, 81]) | 
 |         def identity(item): | 
 |             return 1 | 
 |         filter(identity, Squares(5)) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, filter) | 
 |         class BadSeq(object): | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, index): | 
 |                 if index<4: | 
 |                     return 42 | 
 |                 raise ValueError | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, list, filter(lambda x: x, BadSeq())) | 
 |         def badfunc(): | 
 |             pass | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, list, filter(badfunc, range(5))) | 
 |  | 
 |         # test bltinmodule.c::filtertuple() | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(filter(None, (1, 2))), [1, 2]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(filter(lambda x: x>=3, (1, 2, 3, 4))), [3, 4]) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, list, filter(42, (1, 2))) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_filter_pickle(self): | 
 |         f1 = filter(filter_char, "abcdeabcde") | 
 |         f2 = filter(filter_char, "abcdeabcde") | 
 |         self.check_iter_pickle(f1, list(f2)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_getattr(self): | 
 |         self.assertTrue(getattr(sys, 'stdout') is sys.stdout) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, getattr, sys, 1) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, getattr, sys, 1, "foo") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, getattr) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, sys, chr(sys.maxunicode)) | 
 |         # unicode surrogates are not encodable to the default encoding (utf8) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, 1, "\uDAD1\uD51E") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_hasattr(self): | 
 |         self.assertTrue(hasattr(sys, 'stdout')) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, hasattr, sys, 1) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, hasattr) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(False, hasattr(sys, chr(sys.maxunicode))) | 
 |  | 
 |         # Check that hasattr propagates all exceptions outside of | 
 |         # AttributeError. | 
 |         class A: | 
 |             def __getattr__(self, what): | 
 |                 raise SystemExit | 
 |         self.assertRaises(SystemExit, hasattr, A(), "b") | 
 |         class B: | 
 |             def __getattr__(self, what): | 
 |                 raise ValueError | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, hasattr, B(), "b") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_hash(self): | 
 |         hash(None) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(hash(1), hash(1)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(hash(1), hash(1.0)) | 
 |         hash('spam') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(hash('spam'), hash(b'spam')) | 
 |         hash((0,1,2,3)) | 
 |         def f(): pass | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, []) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, {}) | 
 |         # Bug 1536021: Allow hash to return long objects | 
 |         class X: | 
 |             def __hash__(self): | 
 |                 return 2**100 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(type(hash(X())), int) | 
 |         class Z(int): | 
 |             def __hash__(self): | 
 |                 return self | 
 |         self.assertEqual(hash(Z(42)), hash(42)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_hex(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(hex(16), '0x10') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(hex(-16), '-0x10') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, hex, {}) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_id(self): | 
 |         id(None) | 
 |         id(1) | 
 |         id(1.0) | 
 |         id('spam') | 
 |         id((0,1,2,3)) | 
 |         id([0,1,2,3]) | 
 |         id({'spam': 1, 'eggs': 2, 'ham': 3}) | 
 |  | 
 |     # Test input() later, alphabetized as if it were raw_input | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_iter(self): | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, iter) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, iter, 42, 42) | 
 |         lists = [("1", "2"), ["1", "2"], "12"] | 
 |         for l in lists: | 
 |             i = iter(l) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(next(i), '1') | 
 |             self.assertEqual(next(i), '2') | 
 |             self.assertRaises(StopIteration, next, i) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_isinstance(self): | 
 |         class C: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         class D(C): | 
 |             pass | 
 |         class E: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         c = C() | 
 |         d = D() | 
 |         e = E() | 
 |         self.assertTrue(isinstance(c, C)) | 
 |         self.assertTrue(isinstance(d, C)) | 
 |         self.assertTrue(not isinstance(e, C)) | 
 |         self.assertTrue(not isinstance(c, D)) | 
 |         self.assertTrue(not isinstance('foo', E)) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, isinstance, E, 'foo') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, isinstance) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_issubclass(self): | 
 |         class C: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         class D(C): | 
 |             pass | 
 |         class E: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         c = C() | 
 |         d = D() | 
 |         e = E() | 
 |         self.assertTrue(issubclass(D, C)) | 
 |         self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, C)) | 
 |         self.assertTrue(not issubclass(C, D)) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, issubclass, 'foo', E) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, issubclass, E, 'foo') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, issubclass) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_len(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len('123'), 3) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len(()), 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len((1, 2, 3, 4)), 4) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len([1, 2, 3, 4]), 4) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len({}), 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len({'a':1, 'b': 2}), 2) | 
 |         class BadSeq: | 
 |             def __len__(self): | 
 |                 raise ValueError | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, len, BadSeq()) | 
 |         class InvalidLen: | 
 |             def __len__(self): | 
 |                 return None | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, len, InvalidLen()) | 
 |         class FloatLen: | 
 |             def __len__(self): | 
 |                 return 4.5 | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, len, FloatLen()) | 
 |         class HugeLen: | 
 |             def __len__(self): | 
 |                 return sys.maxsize + 1 | 
 |         self.assertRaises(OverflowError, len, HugeLen()) | 
 |         class NoLenMethod(object): pass | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, len, NoLenMethod()) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_map(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             list(map(lambda x: x*x, range(1,4))), | 
 |             [1, 4, 9] | 
 |         ) | 
 |         try: | 
 |             from math import sqrt | 
 |         except ImportError: | 
 |             def sqrt(x): | 
 |                 return pow(x, 0.5) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             list(map(lambda x: list(map(sqrt, x)), [[16, 4], [81, 9]])), | 
 |             [[4.0, 2.0], [9.0, 3.0]] | 
 |         ) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             list(map(lambda x, y: x+y, [1,3,2], [9,1,4])), | 
 |             [10, 4, 6] | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         def plus(*v): | 
 |             accu = 0 | 
 |             for i in v: accu = accu + i | 
 |             return accu | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             list(map(plus, [1, 3, 7])), | 
 |             [1, 3, 7] | 
 |         ) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             list(map(plus, [1, 3, 7], [4, 9, 2])), | 
 |             [1+4, 3+9, 7+2] | 
 |         ) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             list(map(plus, [1, 3, 7], [4, 9, 2], [1, 1, 0])), | 
 |             [1+4+1, 3+9+1, 7+2+0] | 
 |         ) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             list(map(int, Squares(10))), | 
 |             [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81] | 
 |         ) | 
 |         def Max(a, b): | 
 |             if a is None: | 
 |                 return b | 
 |             if b is None: | 
 |                 return a | 
 |             return max(a, b) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             list(map(Max, Squares(3), Squares(2))), | 
 |             [0, 1] | 
 |         ) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, map) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, map, lambda x: x, 42) | 
 |         class BadSeq: | 
 |             def __iter__(self): | 
 |                 raise ValueError | 
 |                 yield None | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, list, map(lambda x: x, BadSeq())) | 
 |         def badfunc(x): | 
 |             raise RuntimeError | 
 |         self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, list, map(badfunc, range(5))) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_map_pickle(self): | 
 |         m1 = map(map_char, "Is this the real life?") | 
 |         m2 = map(map_char, "Is this the real life?") | 
 |         self.check_iter_pickle(m1, list(m2)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_max(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max('123123'), '3') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max(1, 2, 3), 3) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max((1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3)), 3) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]), 3) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max(1, 2, 3.0), 3.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max(1, 2.0, 3), 3) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max(1.0, 2, 3), 3) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, max) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, max, 42) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, max, ()) | 
 |         class BadSeq: | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, index): | 
 |                 raise ValueError | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, max, BadSeq()) | 
 |  | 
 |         for stmt in ( | 
 |             "max(key=int)",                 # no args | 
 |             "max(default=None)", | 
 |             "max(1, 2, default=None)",      # require container for default | 
 |             "max(default=None, key=int)", | 
 |             "max(1, key=int)",              # single arg not iterable | 
 |             "max(1, 2, keystone=int)",      # wrong keyword | 
 |             "max(1, 2, key=int, abc=int)",  # two many keywords | 
 |             "max(1, 2, key=1)",             # keyfunc is not callable | 
 |             ): | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 exec(stmt, globals()) | 
 |             except TypeError: | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             else: | 
 |                 self.fail(stmt) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max((1,), key=neg), 1)     # one elem iterable | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max((1,2), key=neg), 1)    # two elem iterable | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max(1, 2, key=neg), 1)     # two elems | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max((), default=None), None)    # zero elem iterable | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max((1,), default=None), 1)     # one elem iterable | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max((1,2), default=None), 2)    # two elem iterable | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max((), default=1, key=neg), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max((1, 2), default=3, key=neg), 1) | 
 |  | 
 |         data = [random.randrange(200) for i in range(100)] | 
 |         keys = dict((elem, random.randrange(50)) for elem in data) | 
 |         f = keys.__getitem__ | 
 |         self.assertEqual(max(data, key=f), | 
 |                          sorted(reversed(data), key=f)[-1]) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_min(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min('123123'), '1') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min(1, 2, 3), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min((1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3)), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]), 1) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min(1, 2, 3.0), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min(1, 2.0, 3), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min(1.0, 2, 3), 1.0) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, min) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, min, 42) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, min, ()) | 
 |         class BadSeq: | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, index): | 
 |                 raise ValueError | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, min, BadSeq()) | 
 |  | 
 |         for stmt in ( | 
 |             "min(key=int)",                 # no args | 
 |             "min(default=None)", | 
 |             "min(1, 2, default=None)",      # require container for default | 
 |             "min(default=None, key=int)", | 
 |             "min(1, key=int)",              # single arg not iterable | 
 |             "min(1, 2, keystone=int)",      # wrong keyword | 
 |             "min(1, 2, key=int, abc=int)",  # two many keywords | 
 |             "min(1, 2, key=1)",             # keyfunc is not callable | 
 |             ): | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 exec(stmt, globals()) | 
 |             except TypeError: | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             else: | 
 |                 self.fail(stmt) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min((1,), key=neg), 1)     # one elem iterable | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min((1,2), key=neg), 2)    # two elem iterable | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min(1, 2, key=neg), 2)     # two elems | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min((), default=None), None)    # zero elem iterable | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min((1,), default=None), 1)     # one elem iterable | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min((1,2), default=None), 1)    # two elem iterable | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min((), default=1, key=neg), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min((1, 2), default=1, key=neg), 2) | 
 |  | 
 |         data = [random.randrange(200) for i in range(100)] | 
 |         keys = dict((elem, random.randrange(50)) for elem in data) | 
 |         f = keys.__getitem__ | 
 |         self.assertEqual(min(data, key=f), | 
 |                          sorted(data, key=f)[0]) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_next(self): | 
 |         it = iter(range(2)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(next(it), 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(next(it), 1) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(StopIteration, next, it) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(StopIteration, next, it) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(next(it, 42), 42) | 
 |  | 
 |         class Iter(object): | 
 |             def __iter__(self): | 
 |                 return self | 
 |             def __next__(self): | 
 |                 raise StopIteration | 
 |  | 
 |         it = iter(Iter()) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(next(it, 42), 42) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(StopIteration, next, it) | 
 |  | 
 |         def gen(): | 
 |             yield 1 | 
 |             return | 
 |  | 
 |         it = gen() | 
 |         self.assertEqual(next(it), 1) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(StopIteration, next, it) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(next(it, 42), 42) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_oct(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(oct(100), '0o144') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(oct(-100), '-0o144') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, oct, ()) | 
 |  | 
 |     def write_testfile(self): | 
 |         # NB the first 4 lines are also used to test input, below | 
 |         fp = open(TESTFN, 'w') | 
 |         self.addCleanup(unlink, TESTFN) | 
 |         with fp: | 
 |             fp.write('1+1\n') | 
 |             fp.write('The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog') | 
 |             fp.write('.\n') | 
 |             fp.write('Dear John\n') | 
 |             fp.write('XXX'*100) | 
 |             fp.write('YYY'*100) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_open(self): | 
 |         self.write_testfile() | 
 |         fp = open(TESTFN, 'r') | 
 |         with fp: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(fp.readline(4), '1+1\n') | 
 |             self.assertEqual(fp.readline(), 'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.\n') | 
 |             self.assertEqual(fp.readline(4), 'Dear') | 
 |             self.assertEqual(fp.readline(100), ' John\n') | 
 |             self.assertEqual(fp.read(300), 'XXX'*100) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(fp.read(1000), 'YYY'*100) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_open_default_encoding(self): | 
 |         old_environ = dict(os.environ) | 
 |         try: | 
 |             # try to get a user preferred encoding different than the current | 
 |             # locale encoding to check that open() uses the current locale | 
 |             # encoding and not the user preferred encoding | 
 |             for key in ('LC_ALL', 'LANG', 'LC_CTYPE'): | 
 |                 if key in os.environ: | 
 |                     del os.environ[key] | 
 |  | 
 |             self.write_testfile() | 
 |             current_locale_encoding = locale.getpreferredencoding(False) | 
 |             fp = open(TESTFN, 'w') | 
 |             with fp: | 
 |                 self.assertEqual(fp.encoding, current_locale_encoding) | 
 |         finally: | 
 |             os.environ.clear() | 
 |             os.environ.update(old_environ) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_open_non_inheritable(self): | 
 |         fileobj = open(__file__) | 
 |         with fileobj: | 
 |             self.assertFalse(os.get_inheritable(fileobj.fileno())) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_ord(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord(' '), 32) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord('A'), 65) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord('a'), 97) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord('\x80'), 128) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord('\xff'), 255) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord(b' '), 32) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord(b'A'), 65) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord(b'a'), 97) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord(b'\x80'), 128) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord(b'\xff'), 255) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord(chr(sys.maxunicode)), sys.maxunicode) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, ord, 42) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord(chr(0x10FFFF)), 0x10FFFF) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord("\U0000FFFF"), 0x0000FFFF) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord("\U00010000"), 0x00010000) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord("\U00010001"), 0x00010001) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord("\U000FFFFE"), 0x000FFFFE) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord("\U000FFFFF"), 0x000FFFFF) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord("\U00100000"), 0x00100000) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord("\U00100001"), 0x00100001) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord("\U0010FFFE"), 0x0010FFFE) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ord("\U0010FFFF"), 0x0010FFFF) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_pow(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(pow(0,0), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(pow(0,1), 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(pow(1,0), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(pow(1,1), 1) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(pow(2,0), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(pow(2,10), 1024) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(pow(2,20), 1024*1024) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(pow(2,30), 1024*1024*1024) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(pow(-2,0), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(pow(-2,1), -2) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(pow(-2,2), 4) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(pow(-2,3), -8) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(0.,0), 1.) | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(0.,1), 0.) | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(1.,0), 1.) | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(1.,1), 1.) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(2.,0), 1.) | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(2.,10), 1024.) | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(2.,20), 1024.*1024.) | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(2.,30), 1024.*1024.*1024.) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(-2.,0), 1.) | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(-2.,1), -2.) | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(-2.,2), 4.) | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(-2.,3), -8.) | 
 |  | 
 |         for x in 2, 2.0: | 
 |             for y in 10, 10.0: | 
 |                 for z in 1000, 1000.0: | 
 |                     if isinstance(x, float) or \ | 
 |                        isinstance(y, float) or \ | 
 |                        isinstance(z, float): | 
 |                         self.assertRaises(TypeError, pow, x, y, z) | 
 |                     else: | 
 |                         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(x, y, z), 24.0) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(-1, 0.5), 1j) | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(pow(-1, 1/3), 0.5 + 0.8660254037844386j) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, pow, -1, -2, 3) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, pow, 1, 2, 0) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, pow) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_input(self): | 
 |         self.write_testfile() | 
 |         fp = open(TESTFN, 'r') | 
 |         savestdin = sys.stdin | 
 |         savestdout = sys.stdout # Eats the echo | 
 |         try: | 
 |             sys.stdin = fp | 
 |             sys.stdout = BitBucket() | 
 |             self.assertEqual(input(), "1+1") | 
 |             self.assertEqual(input(), 'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.') | 
 |             self.assertEqual(input('testing\n'), 'Dear John') | 
 |  | 
 |             # SF 1535165: don't segfault on closed stdin | 
 |             # sys.stdout must be a regular file for triggering | 
 |             sys.stdout = savestdout | 
 |             sys.stdin.close() | 
 |             self.assertRaises(ValueError, input) | 
 |  | 
 |             sys.stdout = BitBucket() | 
 |             sys.stdin = io.StringIO("NULL\0") | 
 |             self.assertRaises(TypeError, input, 42, 42) | 
 |             sys.stdin = io.StringIO("    'whitespace'") | 
 |             self.assertEqual(input(), "    'whitespace'") | 
 |             sys.stdin = io.StringIO() | 
 |             self.assertRaises(EOFError, input) | 
 |  | 
 |             del sys.stdout | 
 |             self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, input, 'prompt') | 
 |             del sys.stdin | 
 |             self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, input, 'prompt') | 
 |         finally: | 
 |             sys.stdin = savestdin | 
 |             sys.stdout = savestdout | 
 |             fp.close() | 
 |  | 
 |     @unittest.skipUnless(pty, "the pty and signal modules must be available") | 
 |     def check_input_tty(self, prompt, terminal_input, stdio_encoding=None): | 
 |         if not sys.stdin.isatty() or not sys.stdout.isatty(): | 
 |             self.skipTest("stdin and stdout must be ttys") | 
 |         r, w = os.pipe() | 
 |         try: | 
 |             pid, fd = pty.fork() | 
 |         except (OSError, AttributeError) as e: | 
 |             os.close(r) | 
 |             os.close(w) | 
 |             self.skipTest("pty.fork() raised {}".format(e)) | 
 |         if pid == 0: | 
 |             # Child | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 # Make sure we don't get stuck if there's a problem | 
 |                 signal.alarm(2) | 
 |                 os.close(r) | 
 |                 # Check the error handlers are accounted for | 
 |                 if stdio_encoding: | 
 |                     sys.stdin = io.TextIOWrapper(sys.stdin.detach(), | 
 |                                                  encoding=stdio_encoding, | 
 |                                                  errors='surrogateescape') | 
 |                     sys.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(sys.stdout.detach(), | 
 |                                                   encoding=stdio_encoding, | 
 |                                                   errors='replace') | 
 |                 with open(w, "w") as wpipe: | 
 |                     print("tty =", sys.stdin.isatty() and sys.stdout.isatty(), file=wpipe) | 
 |                     print(ascii(input(prompt)), file=wpipe) | 
 |             except: | 
 |                 traceback.print_exc() | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 # We don't want to return to unittest... | 
 |                 os._exit(0) | 
 |         # Parent | 
 |         os.close(w) | 
 |         os.write(fd, terminal_input + b"\r\n") | 
 |         # Get results from the pipe | 
 |         with open(r, "r") as rpipe: | 
 |             lines = [] | 
 |             while True: | 
 |                 line = rpipe.readline().strip() | 
 |                 if line == "": | 
 |                     # The other end was closed => the child exited | 
 |                     break | 
 |                 lines.append(line) | 
 |         # Check the result was got and corresponds to the user's terminal input | 
 |         if len(lines) != 2: | 
 |             # Something went wrong, try to get at stderr | 
 |             with open(fd, "r", encoding="ascii", errors="ignore") as child_output: | 
 |                 self.fail("got %d lines in pipe but expected 2, child output was:\n%s" | 
 |                           % (len(lines), child_output.read())) | 
 |         os.close(fd) | 
 |         # Check we did exercise the GNU readline path | 
 |         self.assertIn(lines[0], {'tty = True', 'tty = False'}) | 
 |         if lines[0] != 'tty = True': | 
 |             self.skipTest("standard IO in should have been a tty") | 
 |         input_result = eval(lines[1])   # ascii() -> eval() roundtrip | 
 |         if stdio_encoding: | 
 |             expected = terminal_input.decode(stdio_encoding, 'surrogateescape') | 
 |         else: | 
 |             expected = terminal_input.decode(sys.stdin.encoding)  # what else? | 
 |         self.assertEqual(input_result, expected) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_input_tty(self): | 
 |         # Test input() functionality when wired to a tty (the code path | 
 |         # is different and invokes GNU readline if available). | 
 |         self.check_input_tty("prompt", b"quux") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_input_tty_non_ascii(self): | 
 |         # Check stdin/stdout encoding is used when invoking GNU readline | 
 |         self.check_input_tty("prompté", b"quux\xe9", "utf-8") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_input_tty_non_ascii_unicode_errors(self): | 
 |         # Check stdin/stdout error handler is used when invoking GNU readline | 
 |         self.check_input_tty("prompté", b"quux\xe9", "ascii") | 
 |  | 
 |     # test_int(): see test_int.py for tests of built-in function int(). | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_repr(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(repr(''), '\'\'') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(repr(0), '0') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(repr(()), '()') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(repr([]), '[]') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(repr({}), '{}') | 
 |         a = [] | 
 |         a.append(a) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(repr(a), '[[...]]') | 
 |         a = {} | 
 |         a[0] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual(repr(a), '{0: {...}}') | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_round(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(0.0), 0.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(type(round(0.0)), int) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(1.0), 1.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(10.0), 10.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(1000000000.0), 1000000000.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(1e20), 1e20) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-1.0), -1.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-10.0), -10.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-1000000000.0), -1000000000.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-1e20), -1e20) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(0.1), 0.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(1.1), 1.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(10.1), 10.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(1000000000.1), 1000000000.0) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-1.1), -1.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-10.1), -10.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-1000000000.1), -1000000000.0) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(0.9), 1.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(9.9), 10.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(999999999.9), 1000000000.0) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-0.9), -1.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-9.9), -10.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-999999999.9), -1000000000.0) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-8.0, -1), -10.0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(type(round(-8.0, -1)), float) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(type(round(-8.0, 0)), float) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(type(round(-8.0, 1)), float) | 
 |  | 
 |         # Check even / odd rounding behaviour | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(5.5), 6) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(6.5), 6) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-5.5), -6) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-6.5), -6) | 
 |  | 
 |         # Check behavior on ints | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(0), 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(8), 8) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(-8), -8) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(type(round(0)), int) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(type(round(-8, -1)), int) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(type(round(-8, 0)), int) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(type(round(-8, 1)), int) | 
 |  | 
 |         # test new kwargs | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(number=-8.0, ndigits=-1), -10.0) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, round) | 
 |  | 
 |         # test generic rounding delegation for reals | 
 |         class TestRound: | 
 |             def __round__(self): | 
 |                 return 23 | 
 |  | 
 |         class TestNoRound: | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(TestRound()), 23) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, round, 1, 2, 3) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, round, TestNoRound()) | 
 |  | 
 |         t = TestNoRound() | 
 |         t.__round__ = lambda *args: args | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, round, t) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, round, t, 0) | 
 |  | 
 |     # Some versions of glibc for alpha have a bug that affects | 
 |     # float -> integer rounding (floor, ceil, rint, round) for | 
 |     # values in the range [2**52, 2**53).  See: | 
 |     # | 
 |     #   http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=5350 | 
 |     # | 
 |     # We skip this test on Linux/alpha if it would fail. | 
 |     linux_alpha = (platform.system().startswith('Linux') and | 
 |                    platform.machine().startswith('alpha')) | 
 |     system_round_bug = round(5e15+1) != 5e15+1 | 
 |     @unittest.skipIf(linux_alpha and system_round_bug, | 
 |                      "test will fail;  failure is probably due to a " | 
 |                      "buggy system round function") | 
 |     def test_round_large(self): | 
 |         # Issue #1869: integral floats should remain unchanged | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(5e15-1), 5e15-1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(5e15), 5e15) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(5e15+1), 5e15+1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(5e15+2), 5e15+2) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(round(5e15+3), 5e15+3) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_setattr(self): | 
 |         setattr(sys, 'spam', 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sys.spam, 1) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, setattr, sys, 1, 'spam') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, setattr) | 
 |  | 
 |     # test_str(): see test_unicode.py and test_bytes.py for str() tests. | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_sum(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum([]), 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum(list(range(2,8))), 27) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum(iter(list(range(2,8)))), 27) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum(Squares(10)), 285) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum(iter(Squares(10))), 285) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum([[1], [2], [3]], []), [1, 2, 3]) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sum) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sum, 42) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sum, ['a', 'b', 'c']) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sum, ['a', 'b', 'c'], '') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sum, [b'a', b'c'], b'') | 
 |         values = [bytearray(b'a'), bytearray(b'b')] | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sum, values, bytearray(b'')) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sum, [[1], [2], [3]]) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sum, [{2:3}]) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sum, [{2:3}]*2, {2:3}) | 
 |  | 
 |         class BadSeq: | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, index): | 
 |                 raise ValueError | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, sum, BadSeq()) | 
 |  | 
 |         empty = [] | 
 |         sum(([x] for x in range(10)), empty) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(empty, []) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_type(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(type(''),  type('123')) | 
 |         self.assertNotEqual(type(''), type(())) | 
 |  | 
 |     # We don't want self in vars(), so these are static methods | 
 |  | 
 |     @staticmethod | 
 |     def get_vars_f0(): | 
 |         return vars() | 
 |  | 
 |     @staticmethod | 
 |     def get_vars_f2(): | 
 |         BuiltinTest.get_vars_f0() | 
 |         a = 1 | 
 |         b = 2 | 
 |         return vars() | 
 |  | 
 |     class C_get_vars(object): | 
 |         def getDict(self): | 
 |             return {'a':2} | 
 |         __dict__ = property(fget=getDict) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_vars(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(set(vars()), set(dir())) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(set(vars(sys)), set(dir(sys))) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(self.get_vars_f0(), {}) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(self.get_vars_f2(), {'a': 1, 'b': 2}) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, vars, 42, 42) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, vars, 42) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(vars(self.C_get_vars()), {'a':2}) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_zip(self): | 
 |         a = (1, 2, 3) | 
 |         b = (4, 5, 6) | 
 |         t = [(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(zip(a, b)), t) | 
 |         b = [4, 5, 6] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(zip(a, b)), t) | 
 |         b = (4, 5, 6, 7) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(zip(a, b)), t) | 
 |         class I: | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, i): | 
 |                 if i < 0 or i > 2: raise IndexError | 
 |                 return i + 4 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(zip(a, I())), t) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(zip()), []) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(zip(*[])), []) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, zip, None) | 
 |         class G: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, zip, a, G()) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, zip, a, TestFailingIter()) | 
 |  | 
 |         # Make sure zip doesn't try to allocate a billion elements for the | 
 |         # result list when one of its arguments doesn't say how long it is. | 
 |         # A MemoryError is the most likely failure mode. | 
 |         class SequenceWithoutALength: | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, i): | 
 |                 if i == 5: | 
 |                     raise IndexError | 
 |                 else: | 
 |                     return i | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             list(zip(SequenceWithoutALength(), range(2**30))), | 
 |             list(enumerate(range(5))) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         class BadSeq: | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, i): | 
 |                 if i == 5: | 
 |                     raise ValueError | 
 |                 else: | 
 |                     return i | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, list, zip(BadSeq(), BadSeq())) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_zip_pickle(self): | 
 |         a = (1, 2, 3) | 
 |         b = (4, 5, 6) | 
 |         t = [(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)] | 
 |         z1 = zip(a, b) | 
 |         self.check_iter_pickle(z1, t) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_format(self): | 
 |         # Test the basic machinery of the format() builtin.  Don't test | 
 |         #  the specifics of the various formatters | 
 |         self.assertEqual(format(3, ''), '3') | 
 |  | 
 |         # Returns some classes to use for various tests.  There's | 
 |         #  an old-style version, and a new-style version | 
 |         def classes_new(): | 
 |             class A(object): | 
 |                 def __init__(self, x): | 
 |                     self.x = x | 
 |                 def __format__(self, format_spec): | 
 |                     return str(self.x) + format_spec | 
 |             class DerivedFromA(A): | 
 |                 pass | 
 |  | 
 |             class Simple(object): pass | 
 |             class DerivedFromSimple(Simple): | 
 |                 def __init__(self, x): | 
 |                     self.x = x | 
 |                 def __format__(self, format_spec): | 
 |                     return str(self.x) + format_spec | 
 |             class DerivedFromSimple2(DerivedFromSimple): pass | 
 |             return A, DerivedFromA, DerivedFromSimple, DerivedFromSimple2 | 
 |  | 
 |         def class_test(A, DerivedFromA, DerivedFromSimple, DerivedFromSimple2): | 
 |             self.assertEqual(format(A(3), 'spec'), '3spec') | 
 |             self.assertEqual(format(DerivedFromA(4), 'spec'), '4spec') | 
 |             self.assertEqual(format(DerivedFromSimple(5), 'abc'), '5abc') | 
 |             self.assertEqual(format(DerivedFromSimple2(10), 'abcdef'), | 
 |                              '10abcdef') | 
 |  | 
 |         class_test(*classes_new()) | 
 |  | 
 |         def empty_format_spec(value): | 
 |             # test that: | 
 |             #  format(x, '') == str(x) | 
 |             #  format(x) == str(x) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(format(value, ""), str(value)) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(format(value), str(value)) | 
 |  | 
 |         # for builtin types, format(x, "") == str(x) | 
 |         empty_format_spec(17**13) | 
 |         empty_format_spec(1.0) | 
 |         empty_format_spec(3.1415e104) | 
 |         empty_format_spec(-3.1415e104) | 
 |         empty_format_spec(3.1415e-104) | 
 |         empty_format_spec(-3.1415e-104) | 
 |         empty_format_spec(object) | 
 |         empty_format_spec(None) | 
 |  | 
 |         # TypeError because self.__format__ returns the wrong type | 
 |         class BadFormatResult: | 
 |             def __format__(self, format_spec): | 
 |                 return 1.0 | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, format, BadFormatResult(), "") | 
 |  | 
 |         # TypeError because format_spec is not unicode or str | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, format, object(), 4) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, format, object(), object()) | 
 |  | 
 |         # tests for object.__format__ really belong elsewhere, but | 
 |         #  there's no good place to put them | 
 |         x = object().__format__('') | 
 |         self.assertTrue(x.startswith('<object object at')) | 
 |  | 
 |         # first argument to object.__format__ must be string | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, object().__format__, 3) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, object().__format__, object()) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, object().__format__, None) | 
 |  | 
 |         # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | 
 |         # Issue #7994: object.__format__ with a non-empty format string is | 
 |         #  deprecated | 
 |         def test_deprecated_format_string(obj, fmt_str, should_raise): | 
 |             if should_raise: | 
 |                 self.assertRaises(TypeError, format, obj, fmt_str) | 
 |             else: | 
 |                 format(obj, fmt_str) | 
 |  | 
 |         fmt_strs = ['', 's'] | 
 |  | 
 |         class A: | 
 |             def __format__(self, fmt_str): | 
 |                 return format('', fmt_str) | 
 |  | 
 |         for fmt_str in fmt_strs: | 
 |             test_deprecated_format_string(A(), fmt_str, False) | 
 |  | 
 |         class B: | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         class C(object): | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         for cls in [object, B, C]: | 
 |             for fmt_str in fmt_strs: | 
 |                 test_deprecated_format_string(cls(), fmt_str, len(fmt_str) != 0) | 
 |         # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | 
 |  | 
 |         # make sure we can take a subclass of str as a format spec | 
 |         class DerivedFromStr(str): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(format(0, DerivedFromStr('10')), '         0') | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_bin(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(bin(0), '0b0') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(bin(1), '0b1') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(bin(-1), '-0b1') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(bin(2**65), '0b1' + '0' * 65) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(bin(2**65-1), '0b' + '1' * 65) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(bin(-(2**65)), '-0b1' + '0' * 65) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(bin(-(2**65-1)), '-0b' + '1' * 65) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_bytearray_translate(self): | 
 |         x = bytearray(b"abc") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, x.translate, b"1", 1) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, x.translate, b"1"*256, 1) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_construct_singletons(self): | 
 |         for const in None, Ellipsis, NotImplemented: | 
 |             tp = type(const) | 
 |             self.assertIs(tp(), const) | 
 |             self.assertRaises(TypeError, tp, 1, 2) | 
 |             self.assertRaises(TypeError, tp, a=1, b=2) | 
 |  | 
 | class TestSorted(unittest.TestCase): | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_basic(self): | 
 |         data = list(range(100)) | 
 |         copy = data[:] | 
 |         random.shuffle(copy) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(data, sorted(copy)) | 
 |         self.assertNotEqual(data, copy) | 
 |  | 
 |         data.reverse() | 
 |         random.shuffle(copy) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(data, sorted(copy, key=lambda x: -x)) | 
 |         self.assertNotEqual(data, copy) | 
 |         random.shuffle(copy) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(data, sorted(copy, reverse=1)) | 
 |         self.assertNotEqual(data, copy) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_inputtypes(self): | 
 |         s = 'abracadabra' | 
 |         types = [list, tuple, str] | 
 |         for T in types: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(sorted(s), sorted(T(s))) | 
 |  | 
 |         s = ''.join(set(s))  # unique letters only | 
 |         types = [str, set, frozenset, list, tuple, dict.fromkeys] | 
 |         for T in types: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(sorted(s), sorted(T(s))) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_baddecorator(self): | 
 |         data = 'The quick Brown fox Jumped over The lazy Dog'.split() | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sorted, data, None, lambda x,y: 0) | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | class ShutdownTest(unittest.TestCase): | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_cleanup(self): | 
 |         # Issue #19255: builtins are still available at shutdown | 
 |         code = """if 1: | 
 |             import builtins | 
 |             import sys | 
 |  | 
 |             class C: | 
 |                 def __del__(self): | 
 |                     print("before") | 
 |                     # Check that builtins still exist | 
 |                     len(()) | 
 |                     print("after") | 
 |  | 
 |             c = C() | 
 |             # Make this module survive until builtins and sys are cleaned | 
 |             builtins.here = sys.modules[__name__] | 
 |             sys.here = sys.modules[__name__] | 
 |             # Create a reference loop so that this module needs to go | 
 |             # through a GC phase. | 
 |             here = sys.modules[__name__] | 
 |             """ | 
 |         # Issue #20599: Force ASCII encoding to get a codec implemented in C, | 
 |         # otherwise the codec may be unloaded before C.__del__() is called, and | 
 |         # so print("before") fails because the codec cannot be used to encode | 
 |         # "before" to sys.stdout.encoding. For example, on Windows, | 
 |         # sys.stdout.encoding is the OEM code page and these code pages are | 
 |         # implemented in Python | 
 |         rc, out, err = assert_python_ok("-c", code, | 
 |                                         PYTHONIOENCODING="ascii") | 
 |         self.assertEqual(["before", "after"], out.decode().splitlines()) | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | def load_tests(loader, tests, pattern): | 
 |     from doctest import DocTestSuite | 
 |     tests.addTest(DocTestSuite(builtins)) | 
 |     return tests | 
 |  | 
 | if __name__ == "__main__": | 
 |     unittest.main() |