| """Test the arraymodule. | 
 |    Roger E. Masse | 
 | """ | 
 |  | 
 | import unittest | 
 | from test import support | 
 | import weakref | 
 | import pickle | 
 | import operator | 
 | import struct | 
 | import sys | 
 | import warnings | 
 |  | 
 | import array | 
 | from array import _array_reconstructor as array_reconstructor | 
 |  | 
 | try: | 
 |     # Try to determine availability of long long independently | 
 |     # of the array module under test | 
 |     struct.calcsize('@q') | 
 |     have_long_long = True | 
 | except struct.error: | 
 |     have_long_long = False | 
 |  | 
 | sizeof_wchar = array.array('u').itemsize | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | class ArraySubclass(array.array): | 
 |     pass | 
 |  | 
 | class ArraySubclassWithKwargs(array.array): | 
 |     def __init__(self, typecode, newarg=None): | 
 |         array.array.__init__(self) | 
 |  | 
 | typecodes = "ubBhHiIlLfd" | 
 | if have_long_long: | 
 |     typecodes += 'qQ' | 
 |  | 
 | class MiscTest(unittest.TestCase): | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_bad_constructor(self): | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, array.array) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, array.array, spam=42) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, array.array, 'xx') | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, array.array, 'x') | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_empty(self): | 
 |         # Exercise code for handling zero-length arrays | 
 |         a = array.array('B') | 
 |         a[:] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len(a), 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len(a + a), 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len(a * 3), 0) | 
 |         a += a | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len(a), 0) | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | # Machine format codes. | 
 | # | 
 | # Search for "enum machine_format_code" in Modules/arraymodule.c to get the | 
 | # authoritative values. | 
 | UNKNOWN_FORMAT = -1 | 
 | UNSIGNED_INT8 = 0 | 
 | SIGNED_INT8 = 1 | 
 | UNSIGNED_INT16_LE = 2 | 
 | UNSIGNED_INT16_BE = 3 | 
 | SIGNED_INT16_LE = 4 | 
 | SIGNED_INT16_BE = 5 | 
 | UNSIGNED_INT32_LE = 6 | 
 | UNSIGNED_INT32_BE = 7 | 
 | SIGNED_INT32_LE = 8 | 
 | SIGNED_INT32_BE = 9 | 
 | UNSIGNED_INT64_LE = 10 | 
 | UNSIGNED_INT64_BE = 11 | 
 | SIGNED_INT64_LE = 12 | 
 | SIGNED_INT64_BE = 13 | 
 | IEEE_754_FLOAT_LE = 14 | 
 | IEEE_754_FLOAT_BE = 15 | 
 | IEEE_754_DOUBLE_LE = 16 | 
 | IEEE_754_DOUBLE_BE = 17 | 
 | UTF16_LE = 18 | 
 | UTF16_BE = 19 | 
 | UTF32_LE = 20 | 
 | UTF32_BE = 21 | 
 |  | 
 | class ArrayReconstructorTest(unittest.TestCase): | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_error(self): | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, array_reconstructor, | 
 |                           "", "b", 0, b"") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, array_reconstructor, | 
 |                           str, "b", 0, b"") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, array_reconstructor, | 
 |                           array.array, "b", '', b"") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, array_reconstructor, | 
 |                           array.array, "b", 0, "") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, array_reconstructor, | 
 |                           array.array, "?", 0, b"") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, array_reconstructor, | 
 |                           array.array, "b", UNKNOWN_FORMAT, b"") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, array_reconstructor, | 
 |                           array.array, "b", 22, b"") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, array_reconstructor, | 
 |                           array.array, "d", 16, b"a") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_numbers(self): | 
 |         testcases = ( | 
 |             (['B', 'H', 'I', 'L'], UNSIGNED_INT8, '=BBBB', | 
 |              [0x80, 0x7f, 0, 0xff]), | 
 |             (['b', 'h', 'i', 'l'], SIGNED_INT8, '=bbb', | 
 |              [-0x80, 0x7f, 0]), | 
 |             (['H', 'I', 'L'], UNSIGNED_INT16_LE, '<HHHH', | 
 |              [0x8000, 0x7fff, 0, 0xffff]), | 
 |             (['H', 'I', 'L'], UNSIGNED_INT16_BE, '>HHHH', | 
 |              [0x8000, 0x7fff, 0, 0xffff]), | 
 |             (['h', 'i', 'l'], SIGNED_INT16_LE, '<hhh', | 
 |              [-0x8000, 0x7fff, 0]), | 
 |             (['h', 'i', 'l'], SIGNED_INT16_BE, '>hhh', | 
 |              [-0x8000, 0x7fff, 0]), | 
 |             (['I', 'L'], UNSIGNED_INT32_LE, '<IIII', | 
 |              [1<<31, (1<<31)-1, 0, (1<<32)-1]), | 
 |             (['I', 'L'], UNSIGNED_INT32_BE, '>IIII', | 
 |              [1<<31, (1<<31)-1, 0, (1<<32)-1]), | 
 |             (['i', 'l'], SIGNED_INT32_LE, '<iii', | 
 |              [-1<<31, (1<<31)-1, 0]), | 
 |             (['i', 'l'], SIGNED_INT32_BE, '>iii', | 
 |              [-1<<31, (1<<31)-1, 0]), | 
 |             (['L'], UNSIGNED_INT64_LE, '<QQQQ', | 
 |              [1<<31, (1<<31)-1, 0, (1<<32)-1]), | 
 |             (['L'], UNSIGNED_INT64_BE, '>QQQQ', | 
 |              [1<<31, (1<<31)-1, 0, (1<<32)-1]), | 
 |             (['l'], SIGNED_INT64_LE, '<qqq', | 
 |              [-1<<31, (1<<31)-1, 0]), | 
 |             (['l'], SIGNED_INT64_BE, '>qqq', | 
 |              [-1<<31, (1<<31)-1, 0]), | 
 |             # The following tests for INT64 will raise an OverflowError | 
 |             # when run on a 32-bit machine. The tests are simply skipped | 
 |             # in that case. | 
 |             (['L'], UNSIGNED_INT64_LE, '<QQQQ', | 
 |              [1<<63, (1<<63)-1, 0, (1<<64)-1]), | 
 |             (['L'], UNSIGNED_INT64_BE, '>QQQQ', | 
 |              [1<<63, (1<<63)-1, 0, (1<<64)-1]), | 
 |             (['l'], SIGNED_INT64_LE, '<qqq', | 
 |              [-1<<63, (1<<63)-1, 0]), | 
 |             (['l'], SIGNED_INT64_BE, '>qqq', | 
 |              [-1<<63, (1<<63)-1, 0]), | 
 |             (['f'], IEEE_754_FLOAT_LE, '<ffff', | 
 |              [16711938.0, float('inf'), float('-inf'), -0.0]), | 
 |             (['f'], IEEE_754_FLOAT_BE, '>ffff', | 
 |              [16711938.0, float('inf'), float('-inf'), -0.0]), | 
 |             (['d'], IEEE_754_DOUBLE_LE, '<dddd', | 
 |              [9006104071832581.0, float('inf'), float('-inf'), -0.0]), | 
 |             (['d'], IEEE_754_DOUBLE_BE, '>dddd', | 
 |              [9006104071832581.0, float('inf'), float('-inf'), -0.0]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |         for testcase in testcases: | 
 |             valid_typecodes, mformat_code, struct_fmt, values = testcase | 
 |             arraystr = struct.pack(struct_fmt, *values) | 
 |             for typecode in valid_typecodes: | 
 |                 try: | 
 |                     a = array.array(typecode, values) | 
 |                 except OverflowError: | 
 |                     continue  # Skip this test case. | 
 |                 b = array_reconstructor( | 
 |                     array.array, typecode, mformat_code, arraystr) | 
 |                 self.assertEqual(a, b, | 
 |                     msg="{0!r} != {1!r}; testcase={2!r}".format(a, b, testcase)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_unicode(self): | 
 |         teststr = "Bonne Journ\xe9e \U0002030a\U00020347" | 
 |         testcases = ( | 
 |             (UTF16_LE, "UTF-16-LE"), | 
 |             (UTF16_BE, "UTF-16-BE"), | 
 |             (UTF32_LE, "UTF-32-LE"), | 
 |             (UTF32_BE, "UTF-32-BE") | 
 |         ) | 
 |         for testcase in testcases: | 
 |             mformat_code, encoding = testcase | 
 |             a = array.array('u', teststr) | 
 |             b = array_reconstructor( | 
 |                 array.array, 'u', mformat_code, teststr.encode(encoding)) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a, b, | 
 |                 msg="{0!r} != {1!r}; testcase={2!r}".format(a, b, testcase)) | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | class BaseTest: | 
 |     # Required class attributes (provided by subclasses | 
 |     # typecode: the typecode to test | 
 |     # example: an initializer usable in the constructor for this type | 
 |     # smallerexample: the same length as example, but smaller | 
 |     # biggerexample: the same length as example, but bigger | 
 |     # outside: An entry that is not in example | 
 |     # minitemsize: the minimum guaranteed itemsize | 
 |  | 
 |     def assertEntryEqual(self, entry1, entry2): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(entry1, entry2) | 
 |  | 
 |     def badtypecode(self): | 
 |         # Return a typecode that is different from our own | 
 |         return typecodes[(typecodes.index(self.typecode)+1) % len(typecodes)] | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_constructor(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a.typecode, self.typecode) | 
 |         self.assertGreaterEqual(a.itemsize, self.minitemsize) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, array.array, self.typecode, None) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_len(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         a.append(self.example[0]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len(a), 1) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len(a), len(self.example)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_buffer_info(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.buffer_info, 42) | 
 |         bi = a.buffer_info() | 
 |         self.assertIsInstance(bi, tuple) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len(bi), 2) | 
 |         self.assertIsInstance(bi[0], int) | 
 |         self.assertIsInstance(bi[1], int) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(bi[1], len(a)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_byteswap(self): | 
 |         if self.typecode == 'u': | 
 |             example = '\U00100100' | 
 |         else: | 
 |             example = self.example | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, example) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.byteswap, 42) | 
 |         if a.itemsize in (1, 2, 4, 8): | 
 |             b = array.array(self.typecode, example) | 
 |             b.byteswap() | 
 |             if a.itemsize==1: | 
 |                 self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |             else: | 
 |                 self.assertNotEqual(a, b) | 
 |             b.byteswap() | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_copy(self): | 
 |         import copy | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         b = copy.copy(a) | 
 |         self.assertNotEqual(id(a), id(b)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_deepcopy(self): | 
 |         import copy | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         b = copy.deepcopy(a) | 
 |         self.assertNotEqual(id(a), id(b)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_reduce_ex(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         for protocol in range(3): | 
 |             self.assertIs(a.__reduce_ex__(protocol)[0], array.array) | 
 |         for protocol in range(3, pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL): | 
 |             self.assertIs(a.__reduce_ex__(protocol)[0], array_reconstructor) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_pickle(self): | 
 |         for protocol in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): | 
 |             a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |             b = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(a, protocol)) | 
 |             self.assertNotEqual(id(a), id(b)) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |  | 
 |             a = ArraySubclass(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |             a.x = 10 | 
 |             b = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(a, protocol)) | 
 |             self.assertNotEqual(id(a), id(b)) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a.x, b.x) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(type(a), type(b)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_pickle_for_empty_array(self): | 
 |         for protocol in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): | 
 |             a = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |             b = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(a, protocol)) | 
 |             self.assertNotEqual(id(a), id(b)) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |  | 
 |             a = ArraySubclass(self.typecode) | 
 |             a.x = 10 | 
 |             b = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(a, protocol)) | 
 |             self.assertNotEqual(id(a), id(b)) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a.x, b.x) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(type(a), type(b)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_iterator_pickle(self): | 
 |         orig = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         data = list(orig) | 
 |         data2 = data[::-1] | 
 |         for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): | 
 |             # initial iterator | 
 |             itorig = iter(orig) | 
 |             d = pickle.dumps((itorig, orig), proto) | 
 |             it, a = pickle.loads(d) | 
 |             a.fromlist(data2) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(type(it), type(itorig)) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(list(it), data + data2) | 
 |  | 
 |             # running iterator | 
 |             next(itorig) | 
 |             d = pickle.dumps((itorig, orig), proto) | 
 |             it, a = pickle.loads(d) | 
 |             a.fromlist(data2) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(type(it), type(itorig)) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(list(it), data[1:] + data2) | 
 |  | 
 |             # empty iterator | 
 |             for i in range(1, len(data)): | 
 |                 next(itorig) | 
 |             d = pickle.dumps((itorig, orig), proto) | 
 |             it, a = pickle.loads(d) | 
 |             a.fromlist(data2) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(type(it), type(itorig)) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(list(it), data2) | 
 |  | 
 |             # exhausted iterator | 
 |             self.assertRaises(StopIteration, next, itorig) | 
 |             d = pickle.dumps((itorig, orig), proto) | 
 |             it, a = pickle.loads(d) | 
 |             a.fromlist(data2) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(list(it), []) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_exhausted_iterator(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(a), list(self.example)) | 
 |         exhit = iter(a) | 
 |         empit = iter(a) | 
 |         for x in exhit:  # exhaust the iterator | 
 |             next(empit)  # not exhausted | 
 |         a.append(self.outside) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(exhit), []) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(empit), [self.outside]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(a), list(self.example) + [self.outside]) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_insert(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a.insert(0, self.example[0]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len(a), 1+len(self.example)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[0], a[1]) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.insert) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.insert, None) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.insert, 0, None) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a.insert(-1, self.example[0]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array( | 
 |                 self.typecode, | 
 |                 self.example[:-1] + self.example[:1] + self.example[-1:] | 
 |             ) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a.insert(-1000, self.example[0]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[:1] + self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a.insert(1000, self.example[0]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example + self.example[:1]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_tofromfile(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, 2*self.example) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.tofile) | 
 |         support.unlink(support.TESTFN) | 
 |         f = open(support.TESTFN, 'wb') | 
 |         try: | 
 |             a.tofile(f) | 
 |             f.close() | 
 |             b = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |             f = open(support.TESTFN, 'rb') | 
 |             self.assertRaises(TypeError, b.fromfile) | 
 |             b.fromfile(f, len(self.example)) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(b, array.array(self.typecode, self.example)) | 
 |             self.assertNotEqual(a, b) | 
 |             self.assertRaises(EOFError, b.fromfile, f, len(self.example)+1) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |             f.close() | 
 |         finally: | 
 |             if not f.closed: | 
 |                 f.close() | 
 |             support.unlink(support.TESTFN) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_fromfile_ioerror(self): | 
 |         # Issue #5395: Check if fromfile raises a proper OSError | 
 |         # instead of EOFError. | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         f = open(support.TESTFN, 'wb') | 
 |         try: | 
 |             self.assertRaises(OSError, a.fromfile, f, len(self.example)) | 
 |         finally: | 
 |             f.close() | 
 |             support.unlink(support.TESTFN) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_filewrite(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, 2*self.example) | 
 |         f = open(support.TESTFN, 'wb') | 
 |         try: | 
 |             f.write(a) | 
 |             f.close() | 
 |             b = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |             f = open(support.TESTFN, 'rb') | 
 |             b.fromfile(f, len(self.example)) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(b, array.array(self.typecode, self.example)) | 
 |             self.assertNotEqual(a, b) | 
 |             b.fromfile(f, len(self.example)) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |             f.close() | 
 |         finally: | 
 |             if not f.closed: | 
 |                 f.close() | 
 |             support.unlink(support.TESTFN) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_tofromlist(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, 2*self.example) | 
 |         b = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.tolist, 42) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, b.fromlist) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, b.fromlist, 42) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, b.fromlist, [None]) | 
 |         b.fromlist(a.tolist()) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_tofromstring(self): | 
 |         # Warnings not raised when arguments are incorrect as Argument Clinic | 
 |         # handles that before the warning can be raised. | 
 |         nb_warnings = 2 | 
 |         with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as r: | 
 |             warnings.filterwarnings("always", | 
 |                                     message=r"(to|from)string\(\) is deprecated", | 
 |                                     category=DeprecationWarning) | 
 |             a = array.array(self.typecode, 2*self.example) | 
 |             b = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |             self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.tostring, 42) | 
 |             self.assertRaises(TypeError, b.fromstring) | 
 |             self.assertRaises(TypeError, b.fromstring, 42) | 
 |             b.fromstring(a.tostring()) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |             if a.itemsize>1: | 
 |                 self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.fromstring, "x") | 
 |                 nb_warnings += 1 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len(r), nb_warnings) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_tofrombytes(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, 2*self.example) | 
 |         b = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.tobytes, 42) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, b.frombytes) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, b.frombytes, 42) | 
 |         b.frombytes(a.tobytes()) | 
 |         c = array.array(self.typecode, bytearray(a.tobytes())) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, c) | 
 |         if a.itemsize>1: | 
 |             self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.frombytes, b"x") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_fromarray(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         b = array.array(self.typecode, a) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_repr(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, 2*self.example) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, eval(repr(a), {"array": array.array})) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(repr(a), "array('%s')" % self.typecode) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_str(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, 2*self.example) | 
 |         str(a) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_cmp(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a == 42, False) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a != 42, True) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertIs(a == a, True) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a != a, False) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a < a, False) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a <= a, True) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a > a, False) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a >= a, True) | 
 |  | 
 |         al = array.array(self.typecode, self.smallerexample) | 
 |         ab = array.array(self.typecode, self.biggerexample) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertIs(a == 2*a, False) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a != 2*a, True) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a < 2*a, True) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a <= 2*a, True) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a > 2*a, False) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a >= 2*a, False) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertIs(a == al, False) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a != al, True) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a < al, False) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a <= al, False) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a > al, True) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a >= al, True) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertIs(a == ab, False) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a != ab, True) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a < ab, True) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a <= ab, True) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a > ab, False) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a >= ab, False) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_add(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) \ | 
 |             + array.array(self.typecode, self.example[::-1]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example + self.example[::-1]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         b = array.array(self.badtypecode()) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__add__, b) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__add__, "bad") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_iadd(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example[::-1]) | 
 |         b = a | 
 |         a += array.array(self.typecode, 2*self.example) | 
 |         self.assertIs(a, b) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[::-1]+2*self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a += a | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example + self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         b = array.array(self.badtypecode()) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__add__, b) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__iadd__, "bad") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_mul(self): | 
 |         a = 5*array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, 5*self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example)*5 | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example*5) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = 0*array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = (-1)*array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = 5 * array.array(self.typecode, self.example[:1]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, [a[0]] * 5) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__mul__, "bad") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_imul(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         b = a | 
 |  | 
 |         a *= 5 | 
 |         self.assertIs(a, b) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, 5*self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a *= 0 | 
 |         self.assertIs(a, b) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode)) | 
 |  | 
 |         a *= 1000 | 
 |         self.assertIs(a, b) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode)) | 
 |  | 
 |         a *= -1 | 
 |         self.assertIs(a, b) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode)) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a *= -1 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode)) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__imul__, "bad") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_getitem(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[0], self.example[0]) | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[0], self.example[0]) | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[-1], self.example[-1]) | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[-1], self.example[-1]) | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[len(self.example)-1], self.example[-1]) | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[-len(self.example)], self.example[0]) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__getitem__) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, len(self.example)) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, -len(self.example)-1) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_setitem(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[0] = a[-1] | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[0], a[-1]) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[0] = a[-1] | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[0], a[-1]) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[-1] = a[0] | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[0], a[-1]) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[-1] = a[0] | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[0], a[-1]) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[len(self.example)-1] = a[0] | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[0], a[-1]) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[-len(self.example)] = a[-1] | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[0], a[-1]) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__setitem__) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__setitem__, None) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__setitem__, 0, None) | 
 |         self.assertRaises( | 
 |             IndexError, | 
 |             a.__setitem__, | 
 |             len(self.example), self.example[0] | 
 |         ) | 
 |         self.assertRaises( | 
 |             IndexError, | 
 |             a.__setitem__, | 
 |             -len(self.example)-1, self.example[0] | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_delitem(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         del a[0] | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[1:]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         del a[-1] | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[:-1]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         del a[len(self.example)-1] | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[:-1]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         del a[-len(self.example)] | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[1:]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__delitem__) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__delitem__, None) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(IndexError, a.__delitem__, len(self.example)) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(IndexError, a.__delitem__, -len(self.example)-1) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_getslice(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[:], a) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a[1:], | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[1:]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a[:1], | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[:1]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a[:-1], | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[:-1]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a[-1:], | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[-1:]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a[-1:-1], | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a[2:1], | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a[1000:], | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         ) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[-1000:], a) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[:1000], a) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a[:-1000], | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         ) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[-1000:1000], a) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a[2000:1000], | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_extended_getslice(self): | 
 |         # Test extended slicing by comparing with list slicing | 
 |         # (Assumes list conversion works correctly, too) | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         indices = (0, None, 1, 3, 19, 100, -1, -2, -31, -100) | 
 |         for start in indices: | 
 |             for stop in indices: | 
 |                 # Everything except the initial 0 (invalid step) | 
 |                 for step in indices[1:]: | 
 |                     self.assertEqual(list(a[start:stop:step]), | 
 |                                      list(a)[start:stop:step]) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_setslice(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[:1] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example + self.example[1:]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[:-1] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example + self.example[-1:]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[-1:] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[:-1] + self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[1:] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[:1] + self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[1:-1] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array( | 
 |                 self.typecode, | 
 |                 self.example[:1] + self.example + self.example[-1:] | 
 |             ) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[1000:] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, 2*self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[-1000:] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[:1000] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[:-1000] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, 2*self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[1:0] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[:1] + self.example + self.example[1:]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a[2000:1000] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, 2*self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__setitem__, slice(0, 0), None) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__setitem__, slice(0, 1), None) | 
 |  | 
 |         b = array.array(self.badtypecode()) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__setitem__, slice(0, 0), b) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__setitem__, slice(0, 1), b) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_extended_set_del_slice(self): | 
 |         indices = (0, None, 1, 3, 19, 100, -1, -2, -31, -100) | 
 |         for start in indices: | 
 |             for stop in indices: | 
 |                 # Everything except the initial 0 (invalid step) | 
 |                 for step in indices[1:]: | 
 |                     a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |                     L = list(a) | 
 |                     # Make sure we have a slice of exactly the right length, | 
 |                     # but with (hopefully) different data. | 
 |                     data = L[start:stop:step] | 
 |                     data.reverse() | 
 |                     L[start:stop:step] = data | 
 |                     a[start:stop:step] = array.array(self.typecode, data) | 
 |                     self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode, L)) | 
 |  | 
 |                     del L[start:stop:step] | 
 |                     del a[start:stop:step] | 
 |                     self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode, L)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_index(self): | 
 |         example = 2*self.example | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, example) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.index) | 
 |         for x in example: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a.index(x), example.index(x)) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, a.index, None) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, a.index, self.outside) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_count(self): | 
 |         example = 2*self.example | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, example) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.count) | 
 |         for x in example: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a.count(x), example.count(x)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a.count(self.outside), 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a.count(None), 0) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_remove(self): | 
 |         for x in self.example: | 
 |             example = 2*self.example | 
 |             a = array.array(self.typecode, example) | 
 |             pos = example.index(x) | 
 |             example2 = example[:pos] + example[pos+1:] | 
 |             a.remove(x) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode, example2)) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, a.remove, self.outside) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, a.remove, None) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_pop(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(IndexError, a.pop) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, 2*self.example) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.pop, 42, 42) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.pop, None) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(IndexError, a.pop, len(a)) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(IndexError, a.pop, -len(a)-1) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a.pop(0), self.example[0]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[1:]+self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a.pop(1), self.example[2]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[1:2]+self.example[3:]+self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a.pop(0), self.example[1]) | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a.pop(), self.example[-1]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[3:]+self.example[:-1]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_reverse(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.reverse, 42) | 
 |         a.reverse() | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example[::-1]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_extend(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.extend) | 
 |         a.extend(array.array(self.typecode, self.example[::-1])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example+self.example[::-1]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a.extend(a) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example+self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         b = array.array(self.badtypecode()) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.extend, b) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a.extend(self.example[::-1]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example+self.example[::-1]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_constructor_with_iterable_argument(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, iter(self.example)) | 
 |         b = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |  | 
 |         # non-iterable argument | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, array.array, self.typecode, 10) | 
 |  | 
 |         # pass through errors raised in __iter__ | 
 |         class A: | 
 |             def __iter__(self): | 
 |                 raise UnicodeError | 
 |         self.assertRaises(UnicodeError, array.array, self.typecode, A()) | 
 |  | 
 |         # pass through errors raised in next() | 
 |         def B(): | 
 |             raise UnicodeError | 
 |             yield None | 
 |         self.assertRaises(UnicodeError, array.array, self.typecode, B()) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_coveritertraverse(self): | 
 |         try: | 
 |             import gc | 
 |         except ImportError: | 
 |             self.skipTest('gc module not available') | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         l = [iter(a)] | 
 |         l.append(l) | 
 |         gc.collect() | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_buffer(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         m = memoryview(a) | 
 |         expected = m.tobytes() | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a.tobytes()[0], expected[0]) | 
 |         # Resizing is forbidden when there are buffer exports. | 
 |         # For issue 4509, we also check after each error that | 
 |         # the array was not modified. | 
 |         self.assertRaises(BufferError, a.append, a[0]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(BufferError, a.extend, a[0:1]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(BufferError, a.remove, a[0]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(BufferError, a.pop, 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(BufferError, a.fromlist, a.tolist()) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(BufferError, a.frombytes, a.tobytes()) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |         if self.typecode == 'u': | 
 |             self.assertRaises(BufferError, a.fromunicode, a.tounicode()) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(m.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(BufferError, operator.imul, a, 2) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(BufferError, operator.imul, a, 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(BufferError, operator.setitem, a, slice(0, 0), a) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(BufferError, operator.delitem, a, 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(BufferError, operator.delitem, a, slice(0, 1)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m.tobytes(), expected) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_weakref(self): | 
 |         s = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         p = weakref.proxy(s) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(p.tobytes(), s.tobytes()) | 
 |         s = None | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ReferenceError, len, p) | 
 |  | 
 |     @unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(sys, 'getrefcount'), | 
 |                          'test needs sys.getrefcount()') | 
 |     def test_bug_782369(self): | 
 |         for i in range(10): | 
 |             b = array.array('B', range(64)) | 
 |         rc = sys.getrefcount(10) | 
 |         for i in range(10): | 
 |             b = array.array('B', range(64)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(rc, sys.getrefcount(10)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_subclass_with_kwargs(self): | 
 |         # SF bug #1486663 -- this used to erroneously raise a TypeError | 
 |         ArraySubclassWithKwargs('b', newarg=1) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_create_from_bytes(self): | 
 |         # XXX This test probably needs to be moved in a subclass or | 
 |         # generalized to use self.typecode. | 
 |         a = array.array('H', b"1234") | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len(a) * a.itemsize, 4) | 
 |  | 
 |     @support.cpython_only | 
 |     def test_sizeof_with_buffer(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         basesize = support.calcvobjsize('Pn2Pi') | 
 |         buffer_size = a.buffer_info()[1] * a.itemsize | 
 |         support.check_sizeof(self, a, basesize + buffer_size) | 
 |  | 
 |     @support.cpython_only | 
 |     def test_sizeof_without_buffer(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         basesize = support.calcvobjsize('Pn2Pi') | 
 |         support.check_sizeof(self, a, basesize) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_initialize_with_unicode(self): | 
 |         if self.typecode != 'u': | 
 |             with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm: | 
 |                 a = array.array(self.typecode, 'foo') | 
 |             self.assertIn("cannot use a str", str(cm.exception)) | 
 |             with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm: | 
 |                 a = array.array(self.typecode, array.array('u', 'foo')) | 
 |             self.assertIn("cannot use a unicode array", str(cm.exception)) | 
 |         else: | 
 |             a = array.array(self.typecode, "foo") | 
 |             a = array.array(self.typecode, array.array('u', 'foo')) | 
 |  | 
 |     @support.cpython_only | 
 |     def test_obsolete_write_lock(self): | 
 |         from _testcapi import getbuffer_with_null_view | 
 |         a = array.array('B', b"") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(BufferError, getbuffer_with_null_view, a) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_free_after_iterating(self): | 
 |         support.check_free_after_iterating(self, iter, array.array, | 
 |                                            (self.typecode,)) | 
 |         support.check_free_after_iterating(self, reversed, array.array, | 
 |                                            (self.typecode,)) | 
 |  | 
 | class StringTest(BaseTest): | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_setitem(self): | 
 |         super().test_setitem() | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.__setitem__, 0, self.example[:2]) | 
 |  | 
 | class UnicodeTest(StringTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'u' | 
 |     example = '\x01\u263a\x00\ufeff' | 
 |     smallerexample = '\x01\u263a\x00\ufefe' | 
 |     biggerexample = '\x01\u263a\x01\ufeff' | 
 |     outside = str('\x33') | 
 |     minitemsize = 2 | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_unicode(self): | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, array.array, 'b', 'foo') | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array('u', '\xa0\xc2\u1234') | 
 |         a.fromunicode(' ') | 
 |         a.fromunicode('') | 
 |         a.fromunicode('') | 
 |         a.fromunicode('\x11abc\xff\u1234') | 
 |         s = a.tounicode() | 
 |         self.assertEqual(s, '\xa0\xc2\u1234 \x11abc\xff\u1234') | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a.itemsize, sizeof_wchar) | 
 |  | 
 |         s = '\x00="\'a\\b\x80\xff\u0000\u0001\u1234' | 
 |         a = array.array('u', s) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             repr(a), | 
 |             "array('u', '\\x00=\"\\'a\\\\b\\x80\xff\\x00\\x01\u1234')") | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.fromunicode) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_issue17223(self): | 
 |         # this used to crash | 
 |         if sizeof_wchar == 4: | 
 |             # U+FFFFFFFF is an invalid code point in Unicode 6.0 | 
 |             invalid_str = b'\xff\xff\xff\xff' | 
 |         else: | 
 |             # PyUnicode_FromUnicode() cannot fail with 16-bit wchar_t | 
 |             self.skipTest("specific to 32-bit wchar_t") | 
 |         a = array.array('u', invalid_str) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, a.tounicode) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(ValueError, str, a) | 
 |  | 
 | class NumberTest(BaseTest): | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_extslice(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, range(5)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[::], a) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[::2], array.array(self.typecode, [0,2,4])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[1::2], array.array(self.typecode, [1,3])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[::-1], array.array(self.typecode, [4,3,2,1,0])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[::-2], array.array(self.typecode, [4,2,0])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[3::-2], array.array(self.typecode, [3,1])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[-100:100:], a) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[100:-100:-1], a[::-1]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[-100:100:2], array.array(self.typecode, [0,2,4])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[1000:2000:2], array.array(self.typecode, [])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[-1000:-2000:-2], array.array(self.typecode, [])) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_delslice(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, range(5)) | 
 |         del a[::2] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode, [1,3])) | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, range(5)) | 
 |         del a[1::2] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode, [0,2,4])) | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, range(5)) | 
 |         del a[1::-2] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode, [0,2,3,4])) | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, range(10)) | 
 |         del a[::1000] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode, [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9])) | 
 |         # test issue7788 | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, range(10)) | 
 |         del a[9::1<<333] | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_assignment(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, range(10)) | 
 |         a[::2] = array.array(self.typecode, [42]*5) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode, [42, 1, 42, 3, 42, 5, 42, 7, 42, 9])) | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, range(10)) | 
 |         a[::-4] = array.array(self.typecode, [10]*3) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode, [0, 10, 2, 3, 4, 10, 6, 7, 8 ,10])) | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, range(4)) | 
 |         a[::-1] = a | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, array.array(self.typecode, [3, 2, 1, 0])) | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, range(10)) | 
 |         b = a[:] | 
 |         c = a[:] | 
 |         ins = array.array(self.typecode, range(2)) | 
 |         a[2:3] = ins | 
 |         b[slice(2,3)] = ins | 
 |         c[2:3:] = ins | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_iterationcontains(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, range(10)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(a), list(range(10))) | 
 |         b = array.array(self.typecode, [20]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a[-1] in a, True) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(b[0] not in a, True) | 
 |  | 
 |     def check_overflow(self, lower, upper): | 
 |         # method to be used by subclasses | 
 |  | 
 |         # should not overflow assigning lower limit | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, [lower]) | 
 |         a[0] = lower | 
 |         # should overflow assigning less than lower limit | 
 |         self.assertRaises(OverflowError, array.array, self.typecode, [lower-1]) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(OverflowError, a.__setitem__, 0, lower-1) | 
 |         # should not overflow assigning upper limit | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, [upper]) | 
 |         a[0] = upper | 
 |         # should overflow assigning more than upper limit | 
 |         self.assertRaises(OverflowError, array.array, self.typecode, [upper+1]) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(OverflowError, a.__setitem__, 0, upper+1) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_subclassing(self): | 
 |         typecode = self.typecode | 
 |         class ExaggeratingArray(array.array): | 
 |             __slots__ = ['offset'] | 
 |  | 
 |             def __new__(cls, typecode, data, offset): | 
 |                 return array.array.__new__(cls, typecode, data) | 
 |  | 
 |             def __init__(self, typecode, data, offset): | 
 |                 self.offset = offset | 
 |  | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, i): | 
 |                 return array.array.__getitem__(self, i) + self.offset | 
 |  | 
 |         a = ExaggeratingArray(self.typecode, [3, 6, 7, 11], 4) | 
 |         self.assertEntryEqual(a[0], 7) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(AttributeError, setattr, a, "color", "blue") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_frombytearray(self): | 
 |         a = array.array('b', range(10)) | 
 |         b = array.array(self.typecode, a) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |  | 
 | class SignedNumberTest(NumberTest): | 
 |     example = [-1, 0, 1, 42, 0x7f] | 
 |     smallerexample = [-1, 0, 1, 42, 0x7e] | 
 |     biggerexample = [-1, 0, 1, 43, 0x7f] | 
 |     outside = 23 | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_overflow(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         lower = -1 * int(pow(2, a.itemsize * 8 - 1)) | 
 |         upper = int(pow(2, a.itemsize * 8 - 1)) - 1 | 
 |         self.check_overflow(lower, upper) | 
 |  | 
 | class UnsignedNumberTest(NumberTest): | 
 |     example = [0, 1, 17, 23, 42, 0xff] | 
 |     smallerexample = [0, 1, 17, 23, 42, 0xfe] | 
 |     biggerexample = [0, 1, 17, 23, 43, 0xff] | 
 |     outside = 0xaa | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_overflow(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode) | 
 |         lower = 0 | 
 |         upper = int(pow(2, a.itemsize * 8)) - 1 | 
 |         self.check_overflow(lower, upper) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_bytes_extend(self): | 
 |         s = bytes(self.example) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a.extend(s) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example+self.example) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         a.extend(bytearray(reversed(s))) | 
 |         self.assertEqual( | 
 |             a, | 
 |             array.array(self.typecode, self.example+self.example[::-1]) | 
 |         ) | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | class ByteTest(SignedNumberTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'b' | 
 |     minitemsize = 1 | 
 |  | 
 | class UnsignedByteTest(UnsignedNumberTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'B' | 
 |     minitemsize = 1 | 
 |  | 
 | class ShortTest(SignedNumberTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'h' | 
 |     minitemsize = 2 | 
 |  | 
 | class UnsignedShortTest(UnsignedNumberTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'H' | 
 |     minitemsize = 2 | 
 |  | 
 | class IntTest(SignedNumberTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'i' | 
 |     minitemsize = 2 | 
 |  | 
 | class UnsignedIntTest(UnsignedNumberTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'I' | 
 |     minitemsize = 2 | 
 |  | 
 | class LongTest(SignedNumberTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'l' | 
 |     minitemsize = 4 | 
 |  | 
 | class UnsignedLongTest(UnsignedNumberTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'L' | 
 |     minitemsize = 4 | 
 |  | 
 | @unittest.skipIf(not have_long_long, 'need long long support') | 
 | class LongLongTest(SignedNumberTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'q' | 
 |     minitemsize = 8 | 
 |  | 
 | @unittest.skipIf(not have_long_long, 'need long long support') | 
 | class UnsignedLongLongTest(UnsignedNumberTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'Q' | 
 |     minitemsize = 8 | 
 |  | 
 | class FPTest(NumberTest): | 
 |     example = [-42.0, 0, 42, 1e5, -1e10] | 
 |     smallerexample = [-42.0, 0, 42, 1e5, -2e10] | 
 |     biggerexample = [-42.0, 0, 42, 1e5, 1e10] | 
 |     outside = 23 | 
 |  | 
 |     def assertEntryEqual(self, entry1, entry2): | 
 |         self.assertAlmostEqual(entry1, entry2) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_byteswap(self): | 
 |         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.byteswap, 42) | 
 |         if a.itemsize in (1, 2, 4, 8): | 
 |             b = array.array(self.typecode, self.example) | 
 |             b.byteswap() | 
 |             if a.itemsize==1: | 
 |                 self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |             else: | 
 |                 # On alphas treating the byte swapped bit patters as | 
 |                 # floats/doubles results in floating point exceptions | 
 |                 # => compare the 8bit string values instead | 
 |                 self.assertNotEqual(a.tobytes(), b.tobytes()) | 
 |             b.byteswap() | 
 |             self.assertEqual(a, b) | 
 |  | 
 | class FloatTest(FPTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'f' | 
 |     minitemsize = 4 | 
 |  | 
 | class DoubleTest(FPTest, unittest.TestCase): | 
 |     typecode = 'd' | 
 |     minitemsize = 8 | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_alloc_overflow(self): | 
 |         from sys import maxsize | 
 |         a = array.array('d', [-1]*65536) | 
 |         try: | 
 |             a *= maxsize//65536 + 1 | 
 |         except MemoryError: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         else: | 
 |             self.fail("Array of size > maxsize created - MemoryError expected") | 
 |         b = array.array('d', [ 2.71828183, 3.14159265, -1]) | 
 |         try: | 
 |             b * (maxsize//3 + 1) | 
 |         except MemoryError: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         else: | 
 |             self.fail("Array of size > maxsize created - MemoryError expected") | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | if __name__ == "__main__": | 
 |     unittest.main() |