| #! /usr/local/bin/python |
| |
| # NOTE: the above "/usr/local/bin/python" is NOT a mistake. It is |
| # intentionally NOT "/usr/bin/env python". On many systems |
| # (e.g. Solaris), /usr/local/bin is not in $PATH as passed to CGI |
| # scripts, and /usr/local/bin is the default directory where Python is |
| # installed, so /usr/bin/env would be unable to find python. Granted, |
| # binary installations by Linux vendors often install Python in |
| # /usr/bin. So let those vendors patch cgi.py to match their choice |
| # of installation. |
| |
| """Support module for CGI (Common Gateway Interface) scripts. |
| |
| This module defines a number of utilities for use by CGI scripts |
| written in Python. |
| """ |
| |
| # XXX Perhaps there should be a slimmed version that doesn't contain |
| # all those backwards compatible and debugging classes and functions? |
| |
| # History |
| # ------- |
| # |
| # Michael McLay started this module. Steve Majewski changed the |
| # interface to SvFormContentDict and FormContentDict. The multipart |
| # parsing was inspired by code submitted by Andreas Paepcke. Guido van |
| # Rossum rewrote, reformatted and documented the module and is currently |
| # responsible for its maintenance. |
| # |
| |
| __version__ = "2.6" |
| |
| |
| # Imports |
| # ======= |
| |
| import sys |
| import os |
| import urllib |
| import mimetools |
| import rfc822 |
| import UserDict |
| from StringIO import StringIO |
| |
| __all__ = ["MiniFieldStorage", "FieldStorage", "FormContentDict", |
| "SvFormContentDict", "InterpFormContentDict", "FormContent", |
| "parse", "parse_qs", "parse_qsl", "parse_multipart", |
| "parse_header", "print_exception", "print_environ", |
| "print_form", "print_directory", "print_arguments", |
| "print_environ_usage", "escape"] |
| |
| # Logging support |
| # =============== |
| |
| logfile = "" # Filename to log to, if not empty |
| logfp = None # File object to log to, if not None |
| |
| def initlog(*allargs): |
| """Write a log message, if there is a log file. |
| |
| Even though this function is called initlog(), you should always |
| use log(); log is a variable that is set either to initlog |
| (initially), to dolog (once the log file has been opened), or to |
| nolog (when logging is disabled). |
| |
| The first argument is a format string; the remaining arguments (if |
| any) are arguments to the % operator, so e.g. |
| log("%s: %s", "a", "b") |
| will write "a: b" to the log file, followed by a newline. |
| |
| If the global logfp is not None, it should be a file object to |
| which log data is written. |
| |
| If the global logfp is None, the global logfile may be a string |
| giving a filename to open, in append mode. This file should be |
| world writable!!! If the file can't be opened, logging is |
| silently disabled (since there is no safe place where we could |
| send an error message). |
| |
| """ |
| global logfp, log |
| if logfile and not logfp: |
| try: |
| logfp = open(logfile, "a") |
| except IOError: |
| pass |
| if not logfp: |
| log = nolog |
| else: |
| log = dolog |
| log(*allargs) |
| |
| def dolog(fmt, *args): |
| """Write a log message to the log file. See initlog() for docs.""" |
| logfp.write(fmt%args + "\n") |
| |
| def nolog(*allargs): |
| """Dummy function, assigned to log when logging is disabled.""" |
| pass |
| |
| log = initlog # The current logging function |
| |
| |
| # Parsing functions |
| # ================= |
| |
| # Maximum input we will accept when REQUEST_METHOD is POST |
| # 0 ==> unlimited input |
| maxlen = 0 |
| |
| def parse(fp=None, environ=os.environ, keep_blank_values=0, strict_parsing=0): |
| """Parse a query in the environment or from a file (default stdin) |
| |
| Arguments, all optional: |
| |
| fp : file pointer; default: sys.stdin |
| |
| environ : environment dictionary; default: os.environ |
| |
| keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in |
| URL encoded forms should be treated as blank strings. |
| A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as |
| blank strings. The default false value indicates that |
| blank values are to be ignored and treated as if they were |
| not included. |
| |
| strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors. |
| If false (the default), errors are silently ignored. |
| If true, errors raise a ValueError exception. |
| """ |
| if fp is None: |
| fp = sys.stdin |
| if not 'REQUEST_METHOD' in environ: |
| environ['REQUEST_METHOD'] = 'GET' # For testing stand-alone |
| if environ['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST': |
| ctype, pdict = parse_header(environ['CONTENT_TYPE']) |
| if ctype == 'multipart/form-data': |
| return parse_multipart(fp, pdict) |
| elif ctype == 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded': |
| clength = int(environ['CONTENT_LENGTH']) |
| if maxlen and clength > maxlen: |
| raise ValueError, 'Maximum content length exceeded' |
| qs = fp.read(clength) |
| else: |
| qs = '' # Unknown content-type |
| if 'QUERY_STRING' in environ: |
| if qs: qs = qs + '&' |
| qs = qs + environ['QUERY_STRING'] |
| elif sys.argv[1:]: |
| if qs: qs = qs + '&' |
| qs = qs + sys.argv[1] |
| environ['QUERY_STRING'] = qs # XXX Shouldn't, really |
| elif 'QUERY_STRING' in environ: |
| qs = environ['QUERY_STRING'] |
| else: |
| if sys.argv[1:]: |
| qs = sys.argv[1] |
| else: |
| qs = "" |
| environ['QUERY_STRING'] = qs # XXX Shouldn't, really |
| return parse_qs(qs, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing) |
| |
| |
| def parse_qs(qs, keep_blank_values=0, strict_parsing=0): |
| """Parse a query given as a string argument. |
| |
| Arguments: |
| |
| qs: URL-encoded query string to be parsed |
| |
| keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in |
| URL encoded queries should be treated as blank strings. |
| A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as |
| blank strings. The default false value indicates that |
| blank values are to be ignored and treated as if they were |
| not included. |
| |
| strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors. |
| If false (the default), errors are silently ignored. |
| If true, errors raise a ValueError exception. |
| """ |
| dict = {} |
| for name, value in parse_qsl(qs, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing): |
| if name in dict: |
| dict[name].append(value) |
| else: |
| dict[name] = [value] |
| return dict |
| |
| def parse_qsl(qs, keep_blank_values=0, strict_parsing=0): |
| """Parse a query given as a string argument. |
| |
| Arguments: |
| |
| qs: URL-encoded query string to be parsed |
| |
| keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in |
| URL encoded queries should be treated as blank strings. A |
| true value indicates that blanks should be retained as blank |
| strings. The default false value indicates that blank values |
| are to be ignored and treated as if they were not included. |
| |
| strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors. If |
| false (the default), errors are silently ignored. If true, |
| errors raise a ValueError exception. |
| |
| Returns a list, as G-d intended. |
| """ |
| pairs = [s2 for s1 in qs.split('&') for s2 in s1.split(';')] |
| r = [] |
| for name_value in pairs: |
| if not name_value and not strict_parsing: |
| continue |
| nv = name_value.split('=', 1) |
| if len(nv) != 2: |
| if strict_parsing: |
| raise ValueError, "bad query field: %r" % (name_value,) |
| # Handle case of a control-name with no equal sign |
| if keep_blank_values: |
| nv.append('') |
| else: |
| continue |
| if len(nv[1]) or keep_blank_values: |
| name = urllib.unquote(nv[0].replace('+', ' ')) |
| value = urllib.unquote(nv[1].replace('+', ' ')) |
| r.append((name, value)) |
| |
| return r |
| |
| |
| def parse_multipart(fp, pdict): |
| """Parse multipart input. |
| |
| Arguments: |
| fp : input file |
| pdict: dictionary containing other parameters of conten-type header |
| |
| Returns a dictionary just like parse_qs(): keys are the field names, each |
| value is a list of values for that field. This is easy to use but not |
| much good if you are expecting megabytes to be uploaded -- in that case, |
| use the FieldStorage class instead which is much more flexible. Note |
| that content-type is the raw, unparsed contents of the content-type |
| header. |
| |
| XXX This does not parse nested multipart parts -- use FieldStorage for |
| that. |
| |
| XXX This should really be subsumed by FieldStorage altogether -- no |
| point in having two implementations of the same parsing algorithm. |
| |
| """ |
| boundary = "" |
| if 'boundary' in pdict: |
| boundary = pdict['boundary'] |
| if not valid_boundary(boundary): |
| raise ValueError, ('Invalid boundary in multipart form: %r' |
| % (boundary,)) |
| |
| nextpart = "--" + boundary |
| lastpart = "--" + boundary + "--" |
| partdict = {} |
| terminator = "" |
| |
| while terminator != lastpart: |
| bytes = -1 |
| data = None |
| if terminator: |
| # At start of next part. Read headers first. |
| headers = mimetools.Message(fp) |
| clength = headers.getheader('content-length') |
| if clength: |
| try: |
| bytes = int(clength) |
| except ValueError: |
| pass |
| if bytes > 0: |
| if maxlen and bytes > maxlen: |
| raise ValueError, 'Maximum content length exceeded' |
| data = fp.read(bytes) |
| else: |
| data = "" |
| # Read lines until end of part. |
| lines = [] |
| while 1: |
| line = fp.readline() |
| if not line: |
| terminator = lastpart # End outer loop |
| break |
| if line[:2] == "--": |
| terminator = line.strip() |
| if terminator in (nextpart, lastpart): |
| break |
| lines.append(line) |
| # Done with part. |
| if data is None: |
| continue |
| if bytes < 0: |
| if lines: |
| # Strip final line terminator |
| line = lines[-1] |
| if line[-2:] == "\r\n": |
| line = line[:-2] |
| elif line[-1:] == "\n": |
| line = line[:-1] |
| lines[-1] = line |
| data = "".join(lines) |
| line = headers['content-disposition'] |
| if not line: |
| continue |
| key, params = parse_header(line) |
| if key != 'form-data': |
| continue |
| if 'name' in params: |
| name = params['name'] |
| else: |
| continue |
| if name in partdict: |
| partdict[name].append(data) |
| else: |
| partdict[name] = [data] |
| |
| return partdict |
| |
| |
| def parse_header(line): |
| """Parse a Content-type like header. |
| |
| Return the main content-type and a dictionary of options. |
| |
| """ |
| plist = map(lambda x: x.strip(), line.split(';')) |
| key = plist.pop(0).lower() |
| pdict = {} |
| for p in plist: |
| i = p.find('=') |
| if i >= 0: |
| name = p[:i].strip().lower() |
| value = p[i+1:].strip() |
| if len(value) >= 2 and value[0] == value[-1] == '"': |
| value = value[1:-1] |
| value = value.replace('\\\\', '\\').replace('\\"', '"') |
| pdict[name] = value |
| return key, pdict |
| |
| |
| # Classes for field storage |
| # ========================= |
| |
| class MiniFieldStorage: |
| |
| """Like FieldStorage, for use when no file uploads are possible.""" |
| |
| # Dummy attributes |
| filename = None |
| list = None |
| type = None |
| file = None |
| type_options = {} |
| disposition = None |
| disposition_options = {} |
| headers = {} |
| |
| def __init__(self, name, value): |
| """Constructor from field name and value.""" |
| self.name = name |
| self.value = value |
| # self.file = StringIO(value) |
| |
| def __repr__(self): |
| """Return printable representation.""" |
| return "MiniFieldStorage(%r, %r)" % (self.name, self.value) |
| |
| |
| class FieldStorage: |
| |
| """Store a sequence of fields, reading multipart/form-data. |
| |
| This class provides naming, typing, files stored on disk, and |
| more. At the top level, it is accessible like a dictionary, whose |
| keys are the field names. (Note: None can occur as a field name.) |
| The items are either a Python list (if there's multiple values) or |
| another FieldStorage or MiniFieldStorage object. If it's a single |
| object, it has the following attributes: |
| |
| name: the field name, if specified; otherwise None |
| |
| filename: the filename, if specified; otherwise None; this is the |
| client side filename, *not* the file name on which it is |
| stored (that's a temporary file you don't deal with) |
| |
| value: the value as a *string*; for file uploads, this |
| transparently reads the file every time you request the value |
| |
| file: the file(-like) object from which you can read the data; |
| None if the data is stored a simple string |
| |
| type: the content-type, or None if not specified |
| |
| type_options: dictionary of options specified on the content-type |
| line |
| |
| disposition: content-disposition, or None if not specified |
| |
| disposition_options: dictionary of corresponding options |
| |
| headers: a dictionary(-like) object (sometimes rfc822.Message or a |
| subclass thereof) containing *all* headers |
| |
| The class is subclassable, mostly for the purpose of overriding |
| the make_file() method, which is called internally to come up with |
| a file open for reading and writing. This makes it possible to |
| override the default choice of storing all files in a temporary |
| directory and unlinking them as soon as they have been opened. |
| |
| """ |
| |
| def __init__(self, fp=None, headers=None, outerboundary="", |
| environ=os.environ, keep_blank_values=0, strict_parsing=0): |
| """Constructor. Read multipart/* until last part. |
| |
| Arguments, all optional: |
| |
| fp : file pointer; default: sys.stdin |
| (not used when the request method is GET) |
| |
| headers : header dictionary-like object; default: |
| taken from environ as per CGI spec |
| |
| outerboundary : terminating multipart boundary |
| (for internal use only) |
| |
| environ : environment dictionary; default: os.environ |
| |
| keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in |
| URL encoded forms should be treated as blank strings. |
| A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as |
| blank strings. The default false value indicates that |
| blank values are to be ignored and treated as if they were |
| not included. |
| |
| strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors. |
| If false (the default), errors are silently ignored. |
| If true, errors raise a ValueError exception. |
| |
| """ |
| method = 'GET' |
| self.keep_blank_values = keep_blank_values |
| self.strict_parsing = strict_parsing |
| if 'REQUEST_METHOD' in environ: |
| method = environ['REQUEST_METHOD'].upper() |
| if method == 'GET' or method == 'HEAD': |
| if 'QUERY_STRING' in environ: |
| qs = environ['QUERY_STRING'] |
| elif sys.argv[1:]: |
| qs = sys.argv[1] |
| else: |
| qs = "" |
| fp = StringIO(qs) |
| if headers is None: |
| headers = {'content-type': |
| "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"} |
| if headers is None: |
| headers = {} |
| if method == 'POST': |
| # Set default content-type for POST to what's traditional |
| headers['content-type'] = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" |
| if 'CONTENT_TYPE' in environ: |
| headers['content-type'] = environ['CONTENT_TYPE'] |
| if 'CONTENT_LENGTH' in environ: |
| headers['content-length'] = environ['CONTENT_LENGTH'] |
| self.fp = fp or sys.stdin |
| self.headers = headers |
| self.outerboundary = outerboundary |
| |
| # Process content-disposition header |
| cdisp, pdict = "", {} |
| if 'content-disposition' in self.headers: |
| cdisp, pdict = parse_header(self.headers['content-disposition']) |
| self.disposition = cdisp |
| self.disposition_options = pdict |
| self.name = None |
| if 'name' in pdict: |
| self.name = pdict['name'] |
| self.filename = None |
| if 'filename' in pdict: |
| self.filename = pdict['filename'] |
| |
| # Process content-type header |
| # |
| # Honor any existing content-type header. But if there is no |
| # content-type header, use some sensible defaults. Assume |
| # outerboundary is "" at the outer level, but something non-false |
| # inside a multi-part. The default for an inner part is text/plain, |
| # but for an outer part it should be urlencoded. This should catch |
| # bogus clients which erroneously forget to include a content-type |
| # header. |
| # |
| # See below for what we do if there does exist a content-type header, |
| # but it happens to be something we don't understand. |
| if 'content-type' in self.headers: |
| ctype, pdict = parse_header(self.headers['content-type']) |
| elif self.outerboundary or method != 'POST': |
| ctype, pdict = "text/plain", {} |
| else: |
| ctype, pdict = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', {} |
| self.type = ctype |
| self.type_options = pdict |
| self.innerboundary = "" |
| if 'boundary' in pdict: |
| self.innerboundary = pdict['boundary'] |
| clen = -1 |
| if 'content-length' in self.headers: |
| try: |
| clen = int(self.headers['content-length']) |
| except ValueError: |
| pass |
| if maxlen and clen > maxlen: |
| raise ValueError, 'Maximum content length exceeded' |
| self.length = clen |
| |
| self.list = self.file = None |
| self.done = 0 |
| if ctype == 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded': |
| self.read_urlencoded() |
| elif ctype[:10] == 'multipart/': |
| self.read_multi(environ, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing) |
| else: |
| self.read_single() |
| |
| def __repr__(self): |
| """Return a printable representation.""" |
| return "FieldStorage(%r, %r, %r)" % ( |
| self.name, self.filename, self.value) |
| |
| def __iter__(self): |
| return iter(self.keys()) |
| |
| def __getattr__(self, name): |
| if name != 'value': |
| raise AttributeError, name |
| if self.file: |
| self.file.seek(0) |
| value = self.file.read() |
| self.file.seek(0) |
| elif self.list is not None: |
| value = self.list |
| else: |
| value = None |
| return value |
| |
| def __getitem__(self, key): |
| """Dictionary style indexing.""" |
| if self.list is None: |
| raise TypeError, "not indexable" |
| found = [] |
| for item in self.list: |
| if item.name == key: found.append(item) |
| if not found: |
| raise KeyError, key |
| if len(found) == 1: |
| return found[0] |
| else: |
| return found |
| |
| def getvalue(self, key, default=None): |
| """Dictionary style get() method, including 'value' lookup.""" |
| if key in self: |
| value = self[key] |
| if type(value) is type([]): |
| return map(lambda v: v.value, value) |
| else: |
| return value.value |
| else: |
| return default |
| |
| def getfirst(self, key, default=None): |
| """ Return the first value received.""" |
| if key in self: |
| value = self[key] |
| if type(value) is type([]): |
| return value[0].value |
| else: |
| return value.value |
| else: |
| return default |
| |
| def getlist(self, key): |
| """ Return list of received values.""" |
| if key in self: |
| value = self[key] |
| if type(value) is type([]): |
| return map(lambda v: v.value, value) |
| else: |
| return [value.value] |
| else: |
| return [] |
| |
| def keys(self): |
| """Dictionary style keys() method.""" |
| if self.list is None: |
| raise TypeError, "not indexable" |
| keys = [] |
| for item in self.list: |
| if item.name not in keys: keys.append(item.name) |
| return keys |
| |
| def has_key(self, key): |
| """Dictionary style has_key() method.""" |
| if self.list is None: |
| raise TypeError, "not indexable" |
| for item in self.list: |
| if item.name == key: return True |
| return False |
| |
| def __contains__(self, key): |
| """Dictionary style __contains__ method.""" |
| if self.list is None: |
| raise TypeError, "not indexable" |
| for item in self.list: |
| if item.name == key: return True |
| return False |
| |
| def __len__(self): |
| """Dictionary style len(x) support.""" |
| return len(self.keys()) |
| |
| def read_urlencoded(self): |
| """Internal: read data in query string format.""" |
| qs = self.fp.read(self.length) |
| self.list = list = [] |
| for key, value in parse_qsl(qs, self.keep_blank_values, |
| self.strict_parsing): |
| list.append(MiniFieldStorage(key, value)) |
| self.skip_lines() |
| |
| FieldStorageClass = None |
| |
| def read_multi(self, environ, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing): |
| """Internal: read a part that is itself multipart.""" |
| ib = self.innerboundary |
| if not valid_boundary(ib): |
| raise ValueError, 'Invalid boundary in multipart form: %r' % (ib,) |
| self.list = [] |
| klass = self.FieldStorageClass or self.__class__ |
| part = klass(self.fp, {}, ib, |
| environ, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing) |
| # Throw first part away |
| while not part.done: |
| headers = rfc822.Message(self.fp) |
| part = klass(self.fp, headers, ib, |
| environ, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing) |
| self.list.append(part) |
| self.skip_lines() |
| |
| def read_single(self): |
| """Internal: read an atomic part.""" |
| if self.length >= 0: |
| self.read_binary() |
| self.skip_lines() |
| else: |
| self.read_lines() |
| self.file.seek(0) |
| |
| bufsize = 8*1024 # I/O buffering size for copy to file |
| |
| def read_binary(self): |
| """Internal: read binary data.""" |
| self.file = self.make_file('b') |
| todo = self.length |
| if todo >= 0: |
| while todo > 0: |
| data = self.fp.read(min(todo, self.bufsize)) |
| if not data: |
| self.done = -1 |
| break |
| self.file.write(data) |
| todo = todo - len(data) |
| |
| def read_lines(self): |
| """Internal: read lines until EOF or outerboundary.""" |
| self.file = self.__file = StringIO() |
| if self.outerboundary: |
| self.read_lines_to_outerboundary() |
| else: |
| self.read_lines_to_eof() |
| |
| def __write(self, line): |
| if self.__file is not None: |
| if self.__file.tell() + len(line) > 1000: |
| self.file = self.make_file('') |
| self.file.write(self.__file.getvalue()) |
| self.__file = None |
| self.file.write(line) |
| |
| def read_lines_to_eof(self): |
| """Internal: read lines until EOF.""" |
| while 1: |
| line = self.fp.readline() |
| if not line: |
| self.done = -1 |
| break |
| self.__write(line) |
| |
| def read_lines_to_outerboundary(self): |
| """Internal: read lines until outerboundary.""" |
| next = "--" + self.outerboundary |
| last = next + "--" |
| delim = "" |
| while 1: |
| line = self.fp.readline() |
| if not line: |
| self.done = -1 |
| break |
| if line[:2] == "--": |
| strippedline = line.strip() |
| if strippedline == next: |
| break |
| if strippedline == last: |
| self.done = 1 |
| break |
| odelim = delim |
| if line[-2:] == "\r\n": |
| delim = "\r\n" |
| line = line[:-2] |
| elif line[-1] == "\n": |
| delim = "\n" |
| line = line[:-1] |
| else: |
| delim = "" |
| self.__write(odelim + line) |
| |
| def skip_lines(self): |
| """Internal: skip lines until outer boundary if defined.""" |
| if not self.outerboundary or self.done: |
| return |
| next = "--" + self.outerboundary |
| last = next + "--" |
| while 1: |
| line = self.fp.readline() |
| if not line: |
| self.done = -1 |
| break |
| if line[:2] == "--": |
| strippedline = line.strip() |
| if strippedline == next: |
| break |
| if strippedline == last: |
| self.done = 1 |
| break |
| |
| def make_file(self, binary=None): |
| """Overridable: return a readable & writable file. |
| |
| The file will be used as follows: |
| - data is written to it |
| - seek(0) |
| - data is read from it |
| |
| The 'binary' argument is unused -- the file is always opened |
| in binary mode. |
| |
| This version opens a temporary file for reading and writing, |
| and immediately deletes (unlinks) it. The trick (on Unix!) is |
| that the file can still be used, but it can't be opened by |
| another process, and it will automatically be deleted when it |
| is closed or when the current process terminates. |
| |
| If you want a more permanent file, you derive a class which |
| overrides this method. If you want a visible temporary file |
| that is nevertheless automatically deleted when the script |
| terminates, try defining a __del__ method in a derived class |
| which unlinks the temporary files you have created. |
| |
| """ |
| import tempfile |
| return tempfile.TemporaryFile("w+b") |
| |
| |
| |
| # Backwards Compatibility Classes |
| # =============================== |
| |
| class FormContentDict(UserDict.UserDict): |
| """Form content as dictionary with a list of values per field. |
| |
| form = FormContentDict() |
| |
| form[key] -> [value, value, ...] |
| key in form -> Boolean |
| form.keys() -> [key, key, ...] |
| form.values() -> [[val, val, ...], [val, val, ...], ...] |
| form.items() -> [(key, [val, val, ...]), (key, [val, val, ...]), ...] |
| form.dict == {key: [val, val, ...], ...} |
| |
| """ |
| def __init__(self, environ=os.environ): |
| self.dict = self.data = parse(environ=environ) |
| self.query_string = environ['QUERY_STRING'] |
| |
| |
| class SvFormContentDict(FormContentDict): |
| """Form content as dictionary expecting a single value per field. |
| |
| If you only expect a single value for each field, then form[key] |
| will return that single value. It will raise an IndexError if |
| that expectation is not true. If you expect a field to have |
| possible multiple values, than you can use form.getlist(key) to |
| get all of the values. values() and items() are a compromise: |
| they return single strings where there is a single value, and |
| lists of strings otherwise. |
| |
| """ |
| def __getitem__(self, key): |
| if len(self.dict[key]) > 1: |
| raise IndexError, 'expecting a single value' |
| return self.dict[key][0] |
| def getlist(self, key): |
| return self.dict[key] |
| def values(self): |
| result = [] |
| for value in self.dict.values(): |
| if len(value) == 1: |
| result.append(value[0]) |
| else: result.append(value) |
| return result |
| def items(self): |
| result = [] |
| for key, value in self.dict.items(): |
| if len(value) == 1: |
| result.append((key, value[0])) |
| else: result.append((key, value)) |
| return result |
| |
| |
| class InterpFormContentDict(SvFormContentDict): |
| """This class is present for backwards compatibility only.""" |
| def __getitem__(self, key): |
| v = SvFormContentDict.__getitem__(self, key) |
| if v[0] in '0123456789+-.': |
| try: return int(v) |
| except ValueError: |
| try: return float(v) |
| except ValueError: pass |
| return v.strip() |
| def values(self): |
| result = [] |
| for key in self.keys(): |
| try: |
| result.append(self[key]) |
| except IndexError: |
| result.append(self.dict[key]) |
| return result |
| def items(self): |
| result = [] |
| for key in self.keys(): |
| try: |
| result.append((key, self[key])) |
| except IndexError: |
| result.append((key, self.dict[key])) |
| return result |
| |
| |
| class FormContent(FormContentDict): |
| """This class is present for backwards compatibility only.""" |
| def values(self, key): |
| if key in self.dict :return self.dict[key] |
| else: return None |
| def indexed_value(self, key, location): |
| if key in self.dict: |
| if len(self.dict[key]) > location: |
| return self.dict[key][location] |
| else: return None |
| else: return None |
| def value(self, key): |
| if key in self.dict: return self.dict[key][0] |
| else: return None |
| def length(self, key): |
| return len(self.dict[key]) |
| def stripped(self, key): |
| if key in self.dict: return self.dict[key][0].strip() |
| else: return None |
| def pars(self): |
| return self.dict |
| |
| |
| # Test/debug code |
| # =============== |
| |
| def test(environ=os.environ): |
| """Robust test CGI script, usable as main program. |
| |
| Write minimal HTTP headers and dump all information provided to |
| the script in HTML form. |
| |
| """ |
| print "Content-type: text/html" |
| print |
| sys.stderr = sys.stdout |
| try: |
| form = FieldStorage() # Replace with other classes to test those |
| print_directory() |
| print_arguments() |
| print_form(form) |
| print_environ(environ) |
| print_environ_usage() |
| def f(): |
| exec "testing print_exception() -- <I>italics?</I>" |
| def g(f=f): |
| f() |
| print "<H3>What follows is a test, not an actual exception:</H3>" |
| g() |
| except: |
| print_exception() |
| |
| print "<H1>Second try with a small maxlen...</H1>" |
| |
| global maxlen |
| maxlen = 50 |
| try: |
| form = FieldStorage() # Replace with other classes to test those |
| print_directory() |
| print_arguments() |
| print_form(form) |
| print_environ(environ) |
| except: |
| print_exception() |
| |
| def print_exception(type=None, value=None, tb=None, limit=None): |
| if type is None: |
| type, value, tb = sys.exc_info() |
| import traceback |
| print |
| print "<H3>Traceback (most recent call last):</H3>" |
| list = traceback.format_tb(tb, limit) + \ |
| traceback.format_exception_only(type, value) |
| print "<PRE>%s<B>%s</B></PRE>" % ( |
| escape("".join(list[:-1])), |
| escape(list[-1]), |
| ) |
| del tb |
| |
| def print_environ(environ=os.environ): |
| """Dump the shell environment as HTML.""" |
| keys = environ.keys() |
| keys.sort() |
| print |
| print "<H3>Shell Environment:</H3>" |
| print "<DL>" |
| for key in keys: |
| print "<DT>", escape(key), "<DD>", escape(environ[key]) |
| print "</DL>" |
| print |
| |
| def print_form(form): |
| """Dump the contents of a form as HTML.""" |
| keys = form.keys() |
| keys.sort() |
| print |
| print "<H3>Form Contents:</H3>" |
| if not keys: |
| print "<P>No form fields." |
| print "<DL>" |
| for key in keys: |
| print "<DT>" + escape(key) + ":", |
| value = form[key] |
| print "<i>" + escape(repr(type(value))) + "</i>" |
| print "<DD>" + escape(repr(value)) |
| print "</DL>" |
| print |
| |
| def print_directory(): |
| """Dump the current directory as HTML.""" |
| print |
| print "<H3>Current Working Directory:</H3>" |
| try: |
| pwd = os.getcwd() |
| except os.error, msg: |
| print "os.error:", escape(str(msg)) |
| else: |
| print escape(pwd) |
| print |
| |
| def print_arguments(): |
| print |
| print "<H3>Command Line Arguments:</H3>" |
| print |
| print sys.argv |
| print |
| |
| def print_environ_usage(): |
| """Dump a list of environment variables used by CGI as HTML.""" |
| print """ |
| <H3>These environment variables could have been set:</H3> |
| <UL> |
| <LI>AUTH_TYPE |
| <LI>CONTENT_LENGTH |
| <LI>CONTENT_TYPE |
| <LI>DATE_GMT |
| <LI>DATE_LOCAL |
| <LI>DOCUMENT_NAME |
| <LI>DOCUMENT_ROOT |
| <LI>DOCUMENT_URI |
| <LI>GATEWAY_INTERFACE |
| <LI>LAST_MODIFIED |
| <LI>PATH |
| <LI>PATH_INFO |
| <LI>PATH_TRANSLATED |
| <LI>QUERY_STRING |
| <LI>REMOTE_ADDR |
| <LI>REMOTE_HOST |
| <LI>REMOTE_IDENT |
| <LI>REMOTE_USER |
| <LI>REQUEST_METHOD |
| <LI>SCRIPT_NAME |
| <LI>SERVER_NAME |
| <LI>SERVER_PORT |
| <LI>SERVER_PROTOCOL |
| <LI>SERVER_ROOT |
| <LI>SERVER_SOFTWARE |
| </UL> |
| In addition, HTTP headers sent by the server may be passed in the |
| environment as well. Here are some common variable names: |
| <UL> |
| <LI>HTTP_ACCEPT |
| <LI>HTTP_CONNECTION |
| <LI>HTTP_HOST |
| <LI>HTTP_PRAGMA |
| <LI>HTTP_REFERER |
| <LI>HTTP_USER_AGENT |
| </UL> |
| """ |
| |
| |
| # Utilities |
| # ========= |
| |
| def escape(s, quote=None): |
| """Replace special characters '&', '<' and '>' by SGML entities.""" |
| s = s.replace("&", "&") # Must be done first! |
| s = s.replace("<", "<") |
| s = s.replace(">", ">") |
| if quote: |
| s = s.replace('"', """) |
| return s |
| |
| def valid_boundary(s, _vb_pattern="^[ -~]{0,200}[!-~]$"): |
| import re |
| return re.match(_vb_pattern, s) |
| |
| # Invoke mainline |
| # =============== |
| |
| # Call test() when this file is run as a script (not imported as a module) |
| if __name__ == '__main__': |
| test() |