| """Spawn a command with pipes to its stdin, stdout, and optionally stderr. |
| |
| The normal os.popen(cmd, mode) call spawns a shell command and provides a |
| file interface to just the input or output of the process depending on |
| whether mode is 'r' or 'w'. This module provides the functions popen2(cmd) |
| and popen3(cmd) which return two or three pipes to the spawned command. |
| """ |
| |
| import os |
| import sys |
| |
| __all__ = ["popen2", "popen3", "popen4"] |
| |
| MAXFD = 256 # Max number of file descriptors (os.getdtablesize()???) |
| |
| _active = [] |
| |
| def _cleanup(): |
| for inst in _active[:]: |
| inst.poll() |
| |
| class Popen3: |
| """Class representing a child process. Normally instances are created |
| by the factory functions popen2() and popen3().""" |
| |
| sts = -1 # Child not completed yet |
| |
| def __init__(self, cmd, capturestderr=0, bufsize=-1): |
| """The parameter 'cmd' is the shell command to execute in a |
| sub-process. The 'capturestderr' flag, if true, specifies that |
| the object should capture standard error output of the child process. |
| The default is false. If the 'bufsize' parameter is specified, it |
| specifies the size of the I/O buffers to/from the child process.""" |
| _cleanup() |
| p2cread, p2cwrite = os.pipe() |
| c2pread, c2pwrite = os.pipe() |
| if capturestderr: |
| errout, errin = os.pipe() |
| self.pid = os.fork() |
| if self.pid == 0: |
| # Child |
| os.dup2(p2cread, 0) |
| os.dup2(c2pwrite, 1) |
| if capturestderr: |
| os.dup2(errin, 2) |
| self._run_child(cmd) |
| os.close(p2cread) |
| self.tochild = os.fdopen(p2cwrite, 'w', bufsize) |
| os.close(c2pwrite) |
| self.fromchild = os.fdopen(c2pread, 'r', bufsize) |
| if capturestderr: |
| os.close(errin) |
| self.childerr = os.fdopen(errout, 'r', bufsize) |
| else: |
| self.childerr = None |
| _active.append(self) |
| |
| def _run_child(self, cmd): |
| if type(cmd) == type(''): |
| cmd = ['/bin/sh', '-c', cmd] |
| for i in range(3, MAXFD): |
| try: |
| os.close(i) |
| except: |
| pass |
| try: |
| os.execvp(cmd[0], cmd) |
| finally: |
| os._exit(1) |
| |
| def poll(self): |
| """Return the exit status of the child process if it has finished, |
| or -1 if it hasn't finished yet.""" |
| if self.sts < 0: |
| try: |
| pid, sts = os.waitpid(self.pid, os.WNOHANG) |
| if pid == self.pid: |
| self.sts = sts |
| _active.remove(self) |
| except os.error: |
| pass |
| return self.sts |
| |
| def wait(self): |
| """Wait for and return the exit status of the child process.""" |
| pid, sts = os.waitpid(self.pid, 0) |
| if pid == self.pid: |
| self.sts = sts |
| _active.remove(self) |
| return self.sts |
| |
| |
| class Popen4(Popen3): |
| childerr = None |
| |
| def __init__(self, cmd, bufsize=-1): |
| _cleanup() |
| p2cread, p2cwrite = os.pipe() |
| c2pread, c2pwrite = os.pipe() |
| self.pid = os.fork() |
| if self.pid == 0: |
| # Child |
| os.dup2(p2cread, 0) |
| os.dup2(c2pwrite, 1) |
| os.dup2(c2pwrite, 2) |
| self._run_child(cmd) |
| os.close(p2cread) |
| self.tochild = os.fdopen(p2cwrite, 'w', bufsize) |
| os.close(c2pwrite) |
| self.fromchild = os.fdopen(c2pread, 'r', bufsize) |
| _active.append(self) |
| |
| |
| if sys.platform[:3] == "win": |
| # Some things don't make sense on non-Unix platforms. |
| del Popen3, Popen4 |
| |
| def popen2(cmd, bufsize=-1, mode='t'): |
| """Execute the shell command 'cmd' in a sub-process. If 'bufsize' is |
| specified, it sets the buffer size for the I/O pipes. The file objects |
| (child_stdout, child_stdin) are returned.""" |
| w, r = os.popen2(cmd, mode, bufsize) |
| return r, w |
| |
| def popen3(cmd, bufsize=-1, mode='t'): |
| """Execute the shell command 'cmd' in a sub-process. If 'bufsize' is |
| specified, it sets the buffer size for the I/O pipes. The file objects |
| (child_stdout, child_stdin, child_stderr) are returned.""" |
| w, r, e = os.popen3(cmd, mode, bufsize) |
| return r, w, e |
| |
| def popen4(cmd, bufsize=-1, mode='t'): |
| """Execute the shell command 'cmd' in a sub-process. If 'bufsize' is |
| specified, it sets the buffer size for the I/O pipes. The file objects |
| (child_stdout_stderr, child_stdin) are returned.""" |
| w, r = os.popen4(cmd, mode, bufsize) |
| return r, w |
| else: |
| def popen2(cmd, bufsize=-1, mode='t'): |
| """Execute the shell command 'cmd' in a sub-process. If 'bufsize' is |
| specified, it sets the buffer size for the I/O pipes. The file objects |
| (child_stdout, child_stdin) are returned.""" |
| inst = Popen3(cmd, 0, bufsize) |
| return inst.fromchild, inst.tochild |
| |
| def popen3(cmd, bufsize=-1, mode='t'): |
| """Execute the shell command 'cmd' in a sub-process. If 'bufsize' is |
| specified, it sets the buffer size for the I/O pipes. The file objects |
| (child_stdout, child_stdin, child_stderr) are returned.""" |
| inst = Popen3(cmd, 1, bufsize) |
| return inst.fromchild, inst.tochild, inst.childerr |
| |
| def popen4(cmd, bufsize=-1, mode='t'): |
| """Execute the shell command 'cmd' in a sub-process. If 'bufsize' is |
| specified, it sets the buffer size for the I/O pipes. The file objects |
| (child_stdout_stderr, child_stdin) are returned.""" |
| inst = Popen4(cmd, bufsize) |
| return inst.fromchild, inst.tochild |
| |
| __all__.extend(["Popen3", "Popen4"]) |
| |
| def _test(): |
| cmd = "cat" |
| teststr = "ab cd\n" |
| if os.name == "nt": |
| cmd = "more" |
| # "more" doesn't act the same way across Windows flavors, |
| # sometimes adding an extra newline at the start or the |
| # end. So we strip whitespace off both ends for comparison. |
| expected = teststr.strip() |
| print "testing popen2..." |
| r, w = popen2(cmd) |
| w.write(teststr) |
| w.close() |
| got = r.read() |
| if got.strip() != expected: |
| raise ValueError("wrote %s read %s" % (`teststr`, `got`)) |
| print "testing popen3..." |
| try: |
| r, w, e = popen3([cmd]) |
| except: |
| r, w, e = popen3(cmd) |
| w.write(teststr) |
| w.close() |
| got = r.read() |
| if got.strip() != expected: |
| raise ValueError("wrote %s read %s" % (`teststr`, `got`)) |
| got = e.read() |
| if got: |
| raise ValueError("unexected %s on stderr" % `got`) |
| for inst in _active[:]: |
| inst.wait() |
| if _active: |
| raise ValueError("_active not empty") |
| print "All OK" |
| |
| if __name__ == '__main__': |
| _test() |