Raymond Hettinger | 6e6565b | 2009-06-28 20:56:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1 | **************************** |
Raymond Hettinger | f558ddd | 2009-06-28 21:37:08 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2 | What's New In Python 3.2 |
Raymond Hettinger | 6e6565b | 2009-06-28 20:56:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3 | **************************** |
| 4 | |
| 5 | :Author: Raymond Hettinger |
| 6 | :Release: |release| |
| 7 | :Date: |today| |
| 8 | |
| 9 | .. $Id$ |
| 10 | Rules for maintenance: |
| 11 | |
| 12 | * Anyone can add text to this document. Do not spend very much time |
| 13 | on the wording of your changes, because your text will probably |
| 14 | get rewritten to some degree. |
| 15 | |
| 16 | * The maintainer will go through Misc/NEWS periodically and add |
| 17 | changes; it's therefore more important to add your changes to |
| 18 | Misc/NEWS than to this file. |
| 19 | |
| 20 | * This is not a complete list of every single change; completeness |
| 21 | is the purpose of Misc/NEWS. Some changes I consider too small |
| 22 | or esoteric to include. If such a change is added to the text, |
| 23 | I'll just remove it. (This is another reason you shouldn't spend |
| 24 | too much time on writing your addition.) |
| 25 | |
| 26 | * If you want to draw your new text to the attention of the |
| 27 | maintainer, add 'XXX' to the beginning of the paragraph or |
| 28 | section. |
| 29 | |
| 30 | * It's OK to just add a fragmentary note about a change. For |
| 31 | example: "XXX Describe the transmogrify() function added to the |
| 32 | socket module." The maintainer will research the change and |
| 33 | write the necessary text. |
| 34 | |
| 35 | * You can comment out your additions if you like, but it's not |
| 36 | necessary (especially when a final release is some months away). |
| 37 | |
| 38 | * Credit the author of a patch or bugfix. Just the name is |
| 39 | sufficient; the e-mail address isn't necessary. |
| 40 | |
| 41 | * It's helpful to add the bug/patch number as a comment: |
| 42 | |
| 43 | % Patch 12345 |
| 44 | XXX Describe the transmogrify() function added to the socket |
| 45 | module. |
| 46 | (Contributed by P.Y. Developer.) |
| 47 | |
| 48 | This saves the maintainer the effort of going through the SVN log |
| 49 | when researching a change. |
| 50 | |
| 51 | This article explains the new features in Python 3.2, compared to 3.1. |
| 52 | |
| 53 | |
Raymond Hettinger | f95b199 | 2010-09-04 23:53:24 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 54 | PEP 3147: PYC Repository Directories |
| 55 | ===================================== |
| 56 | |
| 57 | Python's scheme for caching bytecode in *.pyc* files did not work well in |
| 58 | environments with multiple python interpreters. If one interpreter encountered |
| 59 | a cached file created by another interpreter, it would recompile the source and |
| 60 | overwrite the cached file, thus losing the benefits of caching. |
| 61 | |
| 62 | The issue of "pyc fights" has become more pronounced as it has become |
| 63 | common-place for Linux distributions to ship with multiple versions of Python. |
| 64 | These conflicts also arise with CPython alternatives such as Unladen Swallow. |
| 65 | |
| 66 | To solve this problem, Python's import machinery has been extended to use |
| 67 | distinct filenames for each interpreter. Instead of Python3.2 and Python3.3 and |
| 68 | UnladenSwallow each competing for a file called "mymodule.pyc", they will now |
| 69 | look for "mymodule.cpython-32.pyc", "mymodule.cpython-33.pyc", and |
| 70 | "mymodule.unladen10.pyc". And to keep prevent all of these new files from |
| 71 | cluttering source directories, the *pyc* files are now collected in a |
| 72 | "__pycache__" directory stored under the package directory. |
| 73 | |
| 74 | Aside from the filenames and target directories, the new scheme has a few |
| 75 | aspects that are visible to the programmer: |
| 76 | |
| 77 | * Imported modules now have a :attr:`__cached__` attribute which stores the |
| 78 | name of the actual file that was imported:: |
| 79 | |
| 80 | >>> import collections |
| 81 | >>> collections.__cached__ |
| 82 | 'c:/py32/lib/__pycache__/collections.cpython-32.pyc' |
| 83 | |
| 84 | * The tag that is unique to each interpreter is accessible from the :mod:`imp` |
| 85 | module:: |
| 86 | |
| 87 | >>> import imp |
| 88 | >>> imp.get_tag() |
| 89 | 'cpython-32' |
| 90 | |
| 91 | * Scripts that try to deduce source filename from the imported file now need to |
| 92 | be smarter. It is no longer sufficient to simply strip the "c" from a ".pyc" |
| 93 | filename. Instead, use the new functions in the :mod:`imp` module: |
| 94 | |
| 95 | >>> imp.source_from_cache('c:/py32/lib/__pycache__/collections.cpython-32.pyc') |
| 96 | 'c:/py32/lib/collections.py' |
| 97 | >>> imp.cache_from_source('c:/py32/lib/collections.py') |
| 98 | 'c:/py32/lib/__pycache__/collections.cpython-32.pyc' |
| 99 | |
| 100 | * The :mod:`py_compile` and :mod:`compileall` modules have been updated to |
| 101 | reflect the new naming convention and target directory. |
| 102 | |
| 103 | .. seealso:: |
| 104 | |
| 105 | :pep:`3147` - PYC Repository Directories |
| 106 | PEP written by Barry Warsaw. |
| 107 | |
Raymond Hettinger | ebea6fa | 2010-09-05 00:27:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 108 | PEP 3149 ABI Version Tagged .so Files |
| 109 | ===================================== |
Georg Brandl | f11c6c4 | 2010-09-03 22:20:58 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 110 | |
Raymond Hettinger | ebea6fa | 2010-09-05 00:27:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 111 | The PYC repository directory allows multiple bytecode cache files to be |
| 112 | co-located. This PEP implements a similar mechanism for shared object files by |
| 113 | giving them a common directory and distinct names for each version. |
Georg Brandl | f11c6c4 | 2010-09-03 22:20:58 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 114 | |
Raymond Hettinger | ebea6fa | 2010-09-05 00:27:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 115 | The common directory is "pyshared" and the file names are made distinct by |
| 116 | identifying the Python implementation (such as CPython, PyPy, Jython, etc.), the |
| 117 | major and minor version numbers, and optional build flags (such as "d" for |
| 118 | debug, "m" for pymalloc, "u" for wide-unicode). For an arbtrary package, "foo", |
| 119 | you may see these files when the distribution package is installed:: |
| 120 | |
| 121 | /usr/share/pyshared/foo.cpython-32m.so |
| 122 | /usr/share/pyshared/foo.cpython-33md.so |
| 123 | |
| 124 | In Python itself, the tags are accessible from functions in the :mod:`sysconfig` |
| 125 | module:: |
| 126 | |
| 127 | >>> import sysconfig |
| 128 | >>> sysconfig.get_config_var('SOABI') # find the version tag |
| 129 | 'cpython-32mu' |
| 130 | >>> sysconfig.get_config_var('SO') # find the full filename extension |
| 131 | 'cpython-32mu.so' |
| 132 | |
| 133 | .. seealso:: |
| 134 | |
| 135 | :pep:`3149` - ABI Version Tagged .so Files |
| 136 | PEP written by Barry Warsaw. |
Raymond Hettinger | 6e6565b | 2009-06-28 20:56:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 137 | |
| 138 | |
| 139 | Other Language Changes |
| 140 | ====================== |
| 141 | |
| 142 | Some smaller changes made to the core Python language are: |
| 143 | |
Raymond Hettinger | 1784ff0 | 2010-09-05 01:00:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame^] | 144 | * The :func:`hasattr` function used to catch and suppress any Exception. |
| 145 | Now, it only catches :exc:`AttributeError`. Under the hood, :func:`hasattr` |
| 146 | works by calling :func:`getattr` and throwing away the results. This is |
| 147 | necessary because dynamic attribute creation is possible using |
| 148 | :meth:`__getattribute__` or :meth:`__getattr`. If :func:`hasattr` were to |
| 149 | just scan instance and class dictionaries it would miss the dynmaic methods |
| 150 | and make it difficult to implement proxy objects. |
| 151 | |
| 152 | (Discovered by Yury Selivanov and fixed by Benjamin Peterson; :issue:`9666`.) |
| 153 | |
| 154 | * The :func:`str` of a float or complex number is now the same as it |
| 155 | :func:`repr`. Previously, the :func:`str` form was shorter but that just |
| 156 | caused confusion and is no longer needed now that we the shortest possible |
| 157 | :func:`repr` is displayed by default. |
| 158 | |
| 159 | (Proposed and implemented by Mark Dickinson; :issue:`9337`). |
Raymond Hettinger | 6e6565b | 2009-06-28 20:56:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 160 | |
| 161 | |
| 162 | New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules |
| 163 | ===================================== |
| 164 | |
Victor Stinner | dbe6042 | 2010-08-18 23:41:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 165 | * The :mod:`functools` module now includes a new decorator for caching |
| 166 | function calls. :func:`functools.lru_cache` can save repeated queries to an |
| 167 | external resource whenever the results are expected to be the same. |
Raymond Hettinger | aed05eb | 2010-08-02 01:43:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 168 | |
Raymond Hettinger | 86f9613 | 2010-08-06 23:23:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 169 | For example, adding a caching decorator to a database query function can save |
| 170 | database accesses for popular searches:: |
Raymond Hettinger | aed05eb | 2010-08-02 01:43:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 171 | |
Raymond Hettinger | f309828 | 2010-08-15 03:30:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 172 | @functools.lru_cache(maxsize=300) |
Raymond Hettinger | aed05eb | 2010-08-02 01:43:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 173 | def get_phone_number(name): |
| 174 | c = conn.cursor() |
| 175 | c.execute('SELECT phonenumber FROM phonelist WHERE name=?', (name,)) |
| 176 | return c.fetchone()[0] |
| 177 | |
Raymond Hettinger | f309828 | 2010-08-15 03:30:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 178 | To help with choosing an effective cache size, the wrapped function is |
Raymond Hettinger | 02566ec | 2010-09-04 22:46:06 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 179 | instrumented with two attributes *cache_hits* and *cache_misses*:: |
Raymond Hettinger | aed05eb | 2010-08-02 01:43:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 180 | |
Raymond Hettinger | f309828 | 2010-08-15 03:30:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 181 | >>> for name in user_requests: |
| 182 | ... get_phone_number(name) |
Raymond Hettinger | 02566ec | 2010-09-04 22:46:06 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 183 | >>> print(get_phone_number.cache_hits, get_phone_number.cache_misses) |
Raymond Hettinger | e9499ae | 2010-08-07 04:19:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 184 | 4805 980 |
Raymond Hettinger | aed05eb | 2010-08-02 01:43:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 185 | |
Raymond Hettinger | f309828 | 2010-08-15 03:30:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 186 | If the phonelist table gets updated, the outdated contents of the cache can be |
| 187 | cleared with:: |
| 188 | |
Raymond Hettinger | 02566ec | 2010-09-04 22:46:06 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 189 | >>> get_phone_number.cache_clear() |
Raymond Hettinger | f309828 | 2010-08-15 03:30:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 190 | |
Raymond Hettinger | aed05eb | 2010-08-02 01:43:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 191 | (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger) |
| 192 | |
Antoine Pitrou | d67075e | 2010-07-31 22:48:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 193 | * The previously deprecated :func:`contextlib.nested` function has been |
| 194 | removed in favor of a plain :keyword:`with` statement which can |
| 195 | accept multiple context managers. The latter technique is faster |
| 196 | (because it is built-in), and it does a better job finalizing multiple |
| 197 | context managers when one of them raises an exception. |
| 198 | |
| 199 | (Contributed by Georg Brandl and Mattias Brändström; |
| 200 | `appspot issue 53094 <http://codereview.appspot.com/53094>`_.) |
| 201 | |
Giampaolo Rodolà | bd576b7 | 2010-05-10 14:53:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 202 | * The :class:`ftplib.FTP` class now supports the context manager protocol |
| 203 | (Contributed by Tarek Ziadé and Giampaolo Rodolà; :issue:`4972`.) |
| 204 | |
Antoine Pitrou | 696e035 | 2010-08-08 22:18:46 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 205 | * A warning message will now get printed at interpreter shutdown if |
| 206 | the :data:`gc.garbage` list isn't empty. This is meant to make the |
| 207 | programmer aware that his code contains object finalization issues. |
| 208 | (Added by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`477863`.) |
| 209 | |
Andrew M. Kuchling | 4ea04a3 | 2010-08-18 22:30:34 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 210 | * The :mod:`os` module now has the :const:`ST_RDONLY` and :const:`ST_NOSUID` |
| 211 | constants, for use with the :func:`~os.statvfs` function. |
| 212 | (Patch by Adam Jackson; :issue:`7647`.) |
| 213 | |
Antoine Pitrou | d67075e | 2010-07-31 22:48:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 214 | * The :func:`shutil.copytree` function has two new options: |
| 215 | |
| 216 | * *ignore_dangling_symlinks*: when ``symlinks=False`` (meaning that the |
| 217 | function copies the file pointed to by the symlink, not the symlink |
Georg Brandl | 7cb1319 | 2010-08-03 12:06:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 218 | itself) this option will silence the error raised if the file doesn't |
Antoine Pitrou | d67075e | 2010-07-31 22:48:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 219 | exist. |
| 220 | |
| 221 | * *copy_function*: a callable that will be used to copy files. |
| 222 | :func:`shutil.copy2` is used by default. |
| 223 | |
| 224 | (Contributed by Tarek Ziadé.) |
| 225 | |
Antoine Pitrou | 6e451df | 2010-08-09 20:39:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 226 | * Socket objects now have a :meth:`~socket.socket.detach()` method which |
Antoine Pitrou | e43f9d0 | 2010-08-08 23:24:50 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 227 | puts the socket into closed state without actually closing the underlying |
| 228 | file descriptor. The latter can then be reused for other purposes. |
| 229 | |
| 230 | (Added by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`8524`.) |
| 231 | |
Victor Stinner | dbe6042 | 2010-08-18 23:41:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 232 | * The :mod:`sqlite3` module has some new features: |
Antoine Pitrou | d67075e | 2010-07-31 22:48:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 233 | |
| 234 | * XXX *enable_load_extension* |
| 235 | |
| 236 | * XXX *load_extension* |
| 237 | |
| 238 | * New :class:`~sqlite3.Connection` attribute |
| 239 | :attr:`~sqlite3.Connection.in_transaction` is :const:`True` when there |
| 240 | are uncommitted changes, and :const:`False` otherwise. (Contributed |
| 241 | by R. David Murray and Shashwat Anand, :issue:`8845`.) |
| 242 | |
Antoine Pitrou | 4f2a0a8 | 2010-07-31 18:08:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 243 | * The :mod:`ssl` module has a new class, :class:`~ssl.SSLContext` which |
| 244 | serves as a container for various persistent SSL data, such as protocol |
| 245 | settings, certificates, private keys, and various other options. |
| 246 | The :meth:`~ssl.SSLContext.wrap_socket` method allows to create an |
| 247 | SSL socket from such an SSL context. |
| 248 | (Added by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`8550`.) |
| 249 | |
| 250 | The :func:`ssl.wrap_socket` constructor function now takes a |
| 251 | *ciphers* argument that's a string listing the encryption algorithms |
| 252 | to be allowed; the format of the string is described |
| 253 | `in the OpenSSL documentation |
| 254 | <http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#CIPHER_LIST_FORMAT>`__. |
| 255 | (Added by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`8322`.) |
| 256 | |
| 257 | Various options have been added to the :mod:`ssl` module, such as |
| 258 | :data:`~ssl.OP_NO_SSLv2` which allows to force disabling of the insecure |
| 259 | and obsolete SSLv2 protocol. |
| 260 | (Added by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`4870`.) |
| 261 | |
| 262 | Another change makes the extension load all of OpenSSL's ciphers and |
| 263 | digest algorithms so that they're all available. Some SSL |
| 264 | certificates couldn't be verified, reporting an "unknown algorithm" |
| 265 | error. (Reported by Beda Kosata, and fixed by Antoine Pitrou; |
| 266 | :issue:`8484`.) |
| 267 | |
| 268 | The version of OpenSSL being used is now available as the module |
| 269 | attributes :data:`ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION` (a string), |
| 270 | :data:`ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_INFO` (a 5-tuple), and |
| 271 | :data:`ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER` (an integer). (Added by Antoine |
| 272 | Pitrou; :issue:`8321`.) |
| 273 | |
Raymond Hettinger | f558ddd | 2009-06-28 21:37:08 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 274 | * The previously deprecated :func:`string.maketrans` function has been |
| 275 | removed in favor of the static methods, :meth:`bytes.maketrans` and |
| 276 | :meth:`bytearray.maketrans`. This change solves the confusion around which |
| 277 | types were supported by the :mod:`string` module. Now, :class:`str`, |
| 278 | :class:`bytes`, and :class:`bytearray` each have their own **maketrans** and |
| 279 | **translate** methods with intermediate translation tables of the |
| 280 | appropriate type. |
Raymond Hettinger | 6e6565b | 2009-06-28 20:56:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 281 | |
Raymond Hettinger | f558ddd | 2009-06-28 21:37:08 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 282 | (Contributed by Georg Brandl; :issue:`5675`.) |
| 283 | |
Giampaolo Rodolà | ccfb91c | 2010-08-17 15:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 284 | * Parameters passed to :func:`socket.getaddrinfo()` function can now be |
| 285 | specified as single keyword arguments. |
| 286 | |
| 287 | (Contributed by Giampaolo Rodolà; :issue:`8866`.) |
R. David Murray | d35251d | 2010-06-01 01:32:12 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 288 | |
Giampaolo Rodolà | 42382fe | 2010-08-17 16:09:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 289 | * :class:`~poplib.POP3_SSL` class now accepts a *context* parameter, which is a |
| 290 | :class:`ssl.SSLContext` object allowing bundling SSL configuration options, |
| 291 | certificates and private keys into a single (potentially long-lived) |
| 292 | structure. |
| 293 | |
| 294 | (Contributed by Giampaolo Rodolà; :issue:`8807`.) |
| 295 | |
Antoine Pitrou | d42bc51 | 2009-11-10 23:18:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 296 | Multi-threading |
| 297 | =============== |
| 298 | |
| 299 | * The mechanism for serializing execution of concurrently running Python |
| 300 | threads (generally known as the GIL or Global Interpreter Lock) has been |
| 301 | rewritten. Among the objectives were more predictable switching intervals |
| 302 | and reduced overhead due to lock contention and the number of ensuing |
| 303 | system calls. The notion of a "check interval" to allow thread switches |
| 304 | has been abandoned and replaced by an absolute duration expressed in |
| 305 | seconds. This parameter is tunable through :func:`sys.setswitchinterval()`. |
| 306 | It currently defaults to 5 milliseconds. |
| 307 | |
| 308 | Additional details about the implementation can be read from a `python-dev |
| 309 | mailing-list message |
| 310 | <http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2009-October/093321.html>`_ |
| 311 | (however, "priority requests" as exposed in this message have not been |
| 312 | kept for inclusion). |
| 313 | |
Georg Brandl | 5e73a81 | 2010-04-22 07:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 314 | (Contributed by Antoine Pitrou.) |
Antoine Pitrou | d42bc51 | 2009-11-10 23:18:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 315 | |
Antoine Pitrou | 5bab508 | 2009-11-13 22:58:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 316 | * Recursive locks (created with the :func:`threading.RLock` API) now benefit |
| 317 | from a C implementation which makes them as fast as regular locks, and |
| 318 | between 10x and 15x faster than their previous pure Python implementation. |
| 319 | |
| 320 | (Contributed by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`3001`.) |
| 321 | |
Antoine Pitrou | e95a9ff | 2010-05-04 23:31:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 322 | * Regular and recursive locks now accept an optional *timeout* argument |
| 323 | to their ``acquire`` method. (Contributed by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`7316`) |
| 324 | Similarly, :meth:`threading.Semaphore.acquire` also gains a *timeout* |
| 325 | argument. (Contributed by Torsten Landschoff; :issue:`850728`.) |
| 326 | |
Antoine Pitrou | d42bc51 | 2009-11-10 23:18:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 327 | |
Raymond Hettinger | 6e6565b | 2009-06-28 20:56:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 328 | Optimizations |
| 329 | ============= |
| 330 | |
| 331 | Major performance enhancements have been added: |
| 332 | |
| 333 | * Stub |
| 334 | |
Victor Stinner | 94908bb | 2010-08-18 21:23:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 335 | |
Victor Stinner | e8d5145 | 2010-08-19 01:05:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 336 | Filenames and unicode |
| 337 | ===================== |
Victor Stinner | 94908bb | 2010-08-18 21:23:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 338 | |
| 339 | The filesystem encoding can be specified by setting the |
Éric Araujo | 358b63a | 2010-08-18 22:35:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 340 | :envvar:`PYTHONFSENCODING` environment variable before running the interpreter. |
Victor Stinner | 9802b39 | 2010-08-19 11:36:43 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 341 | The value is an encoding name, e.g. ``iso-8859-1``. This variable is not |
| 342 | available (ignored) on Windows and Mac OS X: the filesystem encoding is pinned |
| 343 | to ``'mbcs'`` on Windows and ``'utf-8'`` on Mac OS X. |
Victor Stinner | 94908bb | 2010-08-18 21:23:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 344 | |
Victor Stinner | e8d5145 | 2010-08-19 01:05:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 345 | The :mod:`os` module has two new functions: :func:`os.fsencode` and |
| 346 | :func:`os.fsdecode`. |
| 347 | |
Victor Stinner | 94908bb | 2010-08-18 21:23:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 348 | |
Raymond Hettinger | 6e6565b | 2009-06-28 20:56:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 349 | IDLE |
| 350 | ==== |
| 351 | |
| 352 | * Stub |
| 353 | |
| 354 | |
| 355 | Build and C API Changes |
| 356 | ======================= |
| 357 | |
| 358 | Changes to Python's build process and to the C API include: |
| 359 | |
Raymond Hettinger | 1784ff0 | 2010-09-05 01:00:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame^] | 360 | * The C functions that access the Unicode Database now accept and |
| 361 | return characters from the full Unicode range, even on narrow unicode builds |
| 362 | (Py_UNICODE_TOLOWER, Py_UNICODE_ISDECIMAL, and others). A visible difference |
| 363 | in Python is that :cfunc:`unicodedata.numeric` now returns the correct value for |
| 364 | large code points, and :func:`repr` may consider more characters as printable. |
Raymond Hettinger | 6e6565b | 2009-06-28 20:56:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 365 | |
Raymond Hettinger | 1784ff0 | 2010-09-05 01:00:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame^] | 366 | (Reported by Bupjoe Lee and fixed by Amaury Forgeot D'Arc; :issue:`5127`.) |
| 367 | |
| 368 | * Computed gotos are now enabled by default on supported |
| 369 | compilers (which are detected by the configure script). They can still |
| 370 | be disable selectively by specifying ``--without-computed-gotos``. |
| 371 | |
| 372 | (:issue:`9203`) |
Raymond Hettinger | 6e6565b | 2009-06-28 20:56:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 373 | |
Raymond Hettinger | f558ddd | 2009-06-28 21:37:08 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 374 | Porting to Python 3.2 |
Raymond Hettinger | 6e6565b | 2009-06-28 20:56:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 375 | ===================== |
| 376 | |
| 377 | This section lists previously described changes and other bugfixes |
| 378 | that may require changes to your code: |
| 379 | |
Victor Stinner | dcb2403 | 2010-04-22 12:08:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 380 | * bytearray objects cannot be used anymore as filenames: convert them to bytes |
| 381 | |
Victor Stinner | 25e8ec4 | 2010-06-25 00:02:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 382 | * PyArg_Parse*() functions: |
Victor Stinner | 3dcb5ac | 2010-06-08 22:54:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 383 | |
Victor Stinner | 25e8ec4 | 2010-06-25 00:02:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 384 | * "t#" format has been removed: use "s#" or "s*" instead |
| 385 | * "w" and "w#" formats has been removed: use "w*" instead |
| 386 | |
Amaury Forgeot d'Arc | 661730e | 2010-09-03 22:43:08 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 387 | * The :ctype:`PyCObject` type, deprecated in 3.1, has been removed. To wrap |
| 388 | opaque C pointers in Python objects, the :ctype:`PyCapsule` API should be |
| 389 | used instead; the new type has a well defined interface for passing typing |
| 390 | safety information and a less complicated signature for calling a destructor. |