Guido van Rossum | 99533a9 | 2007-12-06 05:07:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1 | This is Python version 3.0 alpha 2 |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2 | ================================== |
Guido van Rossum | 9144763 | 2000-04-11 17:11:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3 | |
Guido van Rossum | 4405cf3 | 2007-08-30 17:16:55 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4 | For notes specific to this release, see RELNOTES in this directory. |
| 5 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 6 | Python 3000 (a.k.a. "Py3k", and released as Python 3.0) is a new |
| 7 | version of the language, which is incompatible with the 2.x line of |
| 8 | releases. The language is mostly the same, but many details, |
| 9 | especially how built-in objects like dictionaries and strings work, |
| 10 | have changed considerably, and a lot of deprecated features have |
| 11 | finally been removed. |
| 12 | |
| 13 | This is an ongoing project; the cleanup isn't expected to be complete |
Guido van Rossum | 99533a9 | 2007-12-06 05:07:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 14 | until some time in 2008. In particular there are plans to reorganize |
| 15 | the standard library namespace. |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 16 | |
Guido van Rossum | 50e9fb9 | 2006-08-17 05:42:55 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 17 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 18 | Release Schedule |
| 19 | ---------------- |
Guido van Rossum | 3ff96dd | 1996-07-30 18:05:04 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 20 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 21 | The release plan is to have a series of alpha releases in 2007, beta |
| 22 | releases in 2008, and a final release in August 2008. The alpha |
| 23 | releases are primarily aimed at developers who want a sneak peek at |
| 24 | the new langauge, especially those folks who plan to port their code |
| 25 | to Python 3000. The hope is that by the time of the final release, |
| 26 | many 3rd party packages will already be available in a 3.0-compatible |
| 27 | form. |
Guido van Rossum | 8d90f9d | 1997-05-22 20:13:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 28 | |
Guido van Rossum | f501b4e | 1996-10-25 14:32:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 29 | |
Guido van Rossum | c07d5fa | 2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 30 | Documentation |
| 31 | ------------- |
Guido van Rossum | 91cb9d2 | 1995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 32 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 33 | Documentation for Python 3000 is online, updated twice a day: |
Guido van Rossum | 91cb9d2 | 1995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 34 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 35 | http://docs.python.org/dev/3.0/ |
Guido van Rossum | c07d5fa | 2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 36 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 37 | This is a work in progress; please help improve it! |
Barry Warsaw | 0655745 | 2001-12-14 20:47:12 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 38 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 39 | The design documents for Python 3000 are also online. While the |
| 40 | reference documentation is being updated, the PEPs are often the best |
| 41 | source of information about new features. Start by reading PEP 3000: |
Barry Warsaw | 0655745 | 2001-12-14 20:47:12 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 42 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 43 | http://python.org/dev/peps/pep-3000/ |
Guido van Rossum | c07d5fa | 2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 44 | |
Guido van Rossum | c07d5fa | 2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 45 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 46 | What's New |
Guido van Rossum | 91cb9d2 | 1995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 47 | ---------- |
| 48 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 49 | For an overview of what's new in Python 3000, see Guido van Rossum's |
| 50 | blog at artima.com: |
Guido van Rossum | 6477380 | 1997-11-26 17:07:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 51 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 52 | http://www.artima.com/weblogs/index.jsp?blogger=guido |
Guido van Rossum | 6477380 | 1997-11-26 17:07:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 53 | |
Georg Brandl | f3f67f2 | 2008-02-22 14:22:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame^] | 54 | We try to eventually have a comprehensive overview of the changes in |
| 55 | the "What's New in Python 3.0" document, found at |
| 56 | |
| 57 | http://docs.python.org/dev/3.0/whatsnew/3.0 |
| 58 | |
| 59 | Please help write it! |
Jack Jansen | a39ef86 | 2001-08-19 21:17:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 60 | |
Guido van Rossum | 91cb9d2 | 1995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 61 | |
Guido van Rossum | 99533a9 | 2007-12-06 05:07:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 62 | What's New Since 3.0a1 |
| 63 | ---------------------- |
| 64 | |
| 65 | Undoubtedly the biggest change is in the bytes type: 'bytes' is now |
| 66 | immutable, and there is a new mutable bytes type 'bytearray'. These |
| 67 | two types are interoperable in every way. For more info on this |
| 68 | issue, read PEP 3137. |
| 69 | |
| 70 | For a more detailed change log, read Misc/NEWS (though this file, too, |
| 71 | is incomplete, and also doesn't list anything merged in from the 2.6 |
| 72 | release under development). |
| 73 | |
| 74 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 75 | Converting From Python 2.x to 3.0 |
| 76 | --------------------------------- |
Guido van Rossum | 433c8ad | 1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 77 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 78 | Python 2.6 (not yet released) will contain features to help locating |
| 79 | code that needs to be changed, such as optional warnings when |
| 80 | deprecated features are used, and backported versions of certain key |
| 81 | Python 3000 features. |
Guido van Rossum | 433c8ad | 1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 82 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 83 | A source-to-source translation tool, "2to3", can take care of the |
| 84 | mundane task of converting large amounts of source code. It is not a |
| 85 | complete solution but is complemented by the deprecation warnings in |
| 86 | 2.6. This tool is currently available via the Subversion sandbox: |
Guido van Rossum | 433c8ad | 1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 87 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 88 | http://svn.python.org/view/sandbox/trunk/2to3/ |
Martin v. Löwis | 2df6694 | 2000-12-13 14:14:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 89 | |
| 90 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 91 | Issue Tracker and Mailing List |
| 92 | ------------------------------ |
Michael W. Hudson | 71dcc3e | 2005-02-22 15:33:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 93 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 94 | We're soliciting bug reports about all aspects of the language. Fixes |
| 95 | are also welcome, preferable in unified diff format. Please use the |
| 96 | issue tracker: |
Fred Drake | 6caae14 | 2000-10-25 17:51:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 97 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 98 | http://bugs.python.org/ |
Guido van Rossum | 76be6ed | 1995-01-02 18:33:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 99 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 100 | If you're not sure whether you're dealing with a bug or a feature, use |
| 101 | the mailing list: |
| 102 | |
| 103 | python-3000@python.org |
| 104 | |
| 105 | To subscribe to the list, use the mailman form: |
| 106 | |
| 107 | http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-3000/ |
Georg Brandl | 81299ad | 2006-02-20 10:24:06 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 108 | |
Michael W. Hudson | 71dcc3e | 2005-02-22 15:33:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 109 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 110 | Build Instructions |
Guido van Rossum | c07d5fa | 2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 111 | ------------------ |
Guido van Rossum | 433c8ad | 1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 112 | |
Neal Norwitz | bf2604c | 2007-08-30 17:22:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 113 | On Unix, Linux, BSD, OSX, and Cygwin: |
Guido van Rossum | 433c8ad | 1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 114 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 115 | ./configure |
| 116 | make |
| 117 | make test |
| 118 | sudo make install # or "make altinstall" |
| 119 | |
| 120 | You can pass many options to the configure script; run "./configure |
| 121 | --help" to find out more. On OSX and Cygwin, the executable is called |
| 122 | python.exe; elsewhere it's just python. |
| 123 | |
| 124 | On Mac OS X, if you have configured Python with --enable-framework, |
| 125 | you should use "make frameworkinstall" to do the installation. Note |
| 126 | that this installs the Python executable in a place that is not |
| 127 | normally on your PATH, you may want to set up a symlink in |
| 128 | /usr/local/bin. |
| 129 | |
Martin v. Löwis | 0c3842f | 2007-08-30 05:34:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 130 | On Windows, see PCbuild/readme.txt. |
| 131 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1c896e3 | 2007-08-29 23:03:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 132 | If you wish, you can create a subdirectory and invoke configure from |
| 133 | there. For example: |
| 134 | |
| 135 | mkdir debug |
| 136 | cd debug |
| 137 | ../configure --with-pydebug |
| 138 | make |
| 139 | make test |
| 140 | |
| 141 | (This will fail if you *also* built at the top-level directory. You |
| 142 | should do a "make clean" at the toplevel first.) |
Guido van Rossum | ef0f129 | 2007-08-30 14:51:05 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 143 | |
| 144 | |
| 145 | Copyright and License Information |
| 146 | --------------------------------- |
| 147 | |
| 148 | Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 |
| 149 | Python Software Foundation. |
| 150 | All rights reserved. |
| 151 | |
| 152 | Copyright (c) 2000 BeOpen.com. |
| 153 | All rights reserved. |
| 154 | |
| 155 | Copyright (c) 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives. |
| 156 | All rights reserved. |
| 157 | |
| 158 | Copyright (c) 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum. |
| 159 | All rights reserved. |
| 160 | |
| 161 | See the file "LICENSE" for information on the history of this |
| 162 | software, terms & conditions for usage, and a DISCLAIMER OF ALL |
| 163 | WARRANTIES. |
| 164 | |
| 165 | This Python distribution contains *no* GNU General Public License |
| 166 | (GPL) code, so it may be used in proprietary projects. There are |
| 167 | interfaces to some GNU code but these are entirely optional. |
| 168 | |
| 169 | All trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective |
| 170 | holders. |