src/lib.rs - platform/external/rust/crates/itoa - Gitiles

 //! [![github]](https://github.com/dtolnay/itoa)&ensp;[![crates-io]](https://crates.io/crates/itoa)&ensp;[![docs-rs]](https://docs.rs/itoa)
 //!
 //! [github]: https://img.shields.io/badge/github-8da0cb?style=for-the-badge&labelColor=555555&logo=github
 //! [crates-io]: https://img.shields.io/badge/crates.io-fc8d62?style=for-the-badge&labelColor=555555&logo=rust
 //! [docs-rs]: https://img.shields.io/badge/docs.rs-66c2a5?style=for-the-badge&labelColor=555555&logoColor=white&logo=data:image/svg+xml;base64,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
 //!
 //! <br>
 //!
 //! This crate provides fast functions for printing integer primitives to an
 //! [`io::Write`] or a [`fmt::Write`]. The implementation comes straight from
 //! [libcore] but avoids the performance penalty of going through
 //! [`fmt::Formatter`].
 //!
 //! See also [`dtoa`] for printing floating point primitives.
 //!
 //! [`io::Write`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html
 //! [`fmt::Write`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/fmt/trait.Write.html
 //! [libcore]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/b8214dc6c6fc20d0a660fb5700dca9ebf51ebe89/src/libcore/fmt/num.rs#L201-L254
 //! [`fmt::Formatter`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/struct.Formatter.html
 //! [`dtoa`]: https://github.com/dtolnay/dtoa
 //!
 //! <br>
 //!
 //! # Performance (lower is better)
 //!
 //! ![performance](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dtolnay/itoa/master/performance.png)
 //!
 //! <br>
 //!
 //! # Examples
 //!
 //! ```edition2018
 //! use std::{fmt, io};
 //!
 //! fn demo_itoa_write() -> io::Result<()> {
 //!     // Write to a vector or other io::Write.
 //!     let mut buf = Vec::new();
 //!     itoa::write(&mut buf, 128u64)?;
 //!     println!("{:?}", buf);
 //!
 //!     // Write to a stack buffer.
 //!     let mut bytes = [0u8; 20];
 //!     let n = itoa::write(&mut bytes[..], 128u64)?;
 //!     println!("{:?}", &bytes[..n]);
 //!
 //!     Ok(())
 //! }
 //!
 //! fn demo_itoa_fmt() -> fmt::Result {
 //!     // Write to a string.
 //!     let mut s = String::new();
 //!     itoa::fmt(&mut s, 128u64)?;
 //!     println!("{}", s);
 //!
 //!     Ok(())
 //! }
 //! ```

 #![doc(html_root_url = "https://docs.rs/itoa/0.4.6")]
 #![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
 #![cfg_attr(feature = "cargo-clippy", allow(renamed_and_removed_lints))]
 #![cfg_attr(
     feature = "cargo-clippy",
     allow(const_static_lifetime, transmute_ptr_to_ptr),
 )]

 #[cfg(feature = "i128")]
 mod udiv128;

 #[cfg(feature = "std")]
 use std::{fmt, io, mem, ptr, slice, str};

 #[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
 use core::{fmt, mem, ptr, slice, str};

 /// Write integer to an `io::Write`.
 #[cfg(feature = "std")]
 #[inline]
 pub fn write<W: io::Write, V: Integer>(mut wr: W, value: V) -> io::Result<usize> {
     let mut buf = Buffer::new();
     let s = buf.format(value);
     match wr.write_all(s.as_bytes()) {
         Ok(()) => Ok(s.len()),
         Err(e) => Err(e),
     }
 }

 /// Write integer to an `fmt::Write`.
 #[inline]
 pub fn fmt<W: fmt::Write, V: Integer>(mut wr: W, value: V) -> fmt::Result {
     let mut buf = Buffer::new();
     wr.write_str(buf.format(value))
 }

 /// A safe API for formatting integers to text.
 ///
 /// # Example
 ///
 /// ```
 /// let mut buffer = itoa::Buffer::new();
 /// let printed = buffer.format(1234);
 /// assert_eq!(printed, "1234");
 /// ```
 #[derive(Copy)]
 pub struct Buffer {
     bytes: [u8; I128_MAX_LEN],
 }

 impl Default for Buffer {
     #[inline]
     fn default() -> Buffer {
         Buffer::new()
     }
 }

 impl Clone for Buffer {
     #[inline]
     fn clone(&self) -> Self {
         Buffer::new()
     }
 }

 impl Buffer {
     /// This is a cheap operation; you don't need to worry about reusing buffers
     /// for efficiency.
     #[inline]
     #[allow(deprecated)]
     pub fn new() -> Buffer {
         Buffer {
             bytes: unsafe { mem::uninitialized() },
         }
     }

     /// Print an integer into this buffer and return a reference to its string representation
     /// within the buffer.
     pub fn format<I: Integer>(&mut self, i: I) -> &str {
         i.write(self)
     }
 }

 // Seal to prevent downstream implementations of the Integer trait.
 mod private {
     pub trait Sealed {}
 }

 /// An integer that can be formatted by `itoa::write` and `itoa::fmt`.
 ///
 /// This trait is sealed and cannot be implemented for types outside of itoa.
 pub trait Integer: private::Sealed {
     // Not public API.
     #[doc(hidden)]
     fn write(self, buf: &mut Buffer) -> &str;
 }

 trait IntegerPrivate<B> {
     fn write_to(self, buf: &mut B) -> &[u8];
 }

 const DEC_DIGITS_LUT: &'static [u8] = b"\
       0001020304050607080910111213141516171819\
       2021222324252627282930313233343536373839\
       4041424344454647484950515253545556575859\
       6061626364656667686970717273747576777879\
       8081828384858687888990919293949596979899";

 // Adaptation of the original implementation at
 // https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/b8214dc6c6fc20d0a660fb5700dca9ebf51ebe89/src/libcore/fmt/num.rs#L188-L266
 macro_rules! impl_IntegerCommon {
     ($max_len:expr, $t:ident) => {
         impl Integer for $t {
             #[inline]
             fn write(self, buf: &mut Buffer) -> &str {
                 unsafe {
                     debug_assert!($max_len <= I128_MAX_LEN);
                     let buf = mem::transmute::<&mut [u8; I128_MAX_LEN], &mut [u8; $max_len]>(
                         &mut buf.bytes,
                     );
                     let bytes = self.write_to(buf);
                     str::from_utf8_unchecked(bytes)
                 }
             }
         }

         impl private::Sealed for $t {}
     };
 }

 macro_rules! impl_Integer {
     ($($max_len:expr => $t:ident),* as $conv_fn:ident) => {$(
         impl_IntegerCommon!($max_len, $t);

         impl IntegerPrivate<[u8; $max_len]> for $t {
             #[allow(unused_comparisons)]
             #[inline]
             fn write_to(self, buf: &mut [u8; $max_len]) -> &[u8] {
                 let is_nonnegative = self >= 0;
                 let mut n = if is_nonnegative {
                     self as $conv_fn
                 } else {
                     // convert the negative num to positive by summing 1 to it's 2 complement
                     (!(self as $conv_fn)).wrapping_add(1)
                 };
                 let mut curr = buf.len() as isize;
                 let buf_ptr = buf.as_mut_ptr();
                 let lut_ptr = DEC_DIGITS_LUT.as_ptr();

                 unsafe {
                     // need at least 16 bits for the 4-characters-at-a-time to work.
                     if mem::size_of::<$t>() >= 2 {
                         // eagerly decode 4 characters at a time
                         while n >= 10000 {
                             let rem = (n % 10000) as isize;
                             n /= 10000;

                             let d1 = (rem / 100) << 1;
                             let d2 = (rem % 100) << 1;
                             curr -= 4;
                             ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(lut_ptr.offset(d1), buf_ptr.offset(curr), 2);
                             ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(lut_ptr.offset(d2), buf_ptr.offset(curr + 2), 2);
                         }
                     }

                     // if we reach here numbers are <= 9999, so at most 4 chars long
                     let mut n = n as isize; // possibly reduce 64bit math

                     // decode 2 more chars, if > 2 chars
                     if n >= 100 {
                         let d1 = (n % 100) << 1;
                         n /= 100;
                         curr -= 2;
                         ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(lut_ptr.offset(d1), buf_ptr.offset(curr), 2);
                     }

                     // decode last 1 or 2 chars
                     if n < 10 {
                         curr -= 1;
                         *buf_ptr.offset(curr) = (n as u8) + b'0';
                     } else {
                         let d1 = n << 1;
                         curr -= 2;
                         ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(lut_ptr.offset(d1), buf_ptr.offset(curr), 2);
                     }

                     if !is_nonnegative {
                         curr -= 1;
                         *buf_ptr.offset(curr) = b'-';
                     }
                 }

                 let len = buf.len() - curr as usize;
                 unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(buf_ptr.offset(curr), len) }
             }
         }
     )*};
 }

 const I8_MAX_LEN: usize = 4;
 const U8_MAX_LEN: usize = 3;
 const I16_MAX_LEN: usize = 6;
 const U16_MAX_LEN: usize = 5;
 const I32_MAX_LEN: usize = 11;
 const U32_MAX_LEN: usize = 10;
 const I64_MAX_LEN: usize = 20;
 const U64_MAX_LEN: usize = 20;

 impl_Integer!(
     I8_MAX_LEN => i8,
     U8_MAX_LEN => u8,
     I16_MAX_LEN => i16,
     U16_MAX_LEN => u16,
     I32_MAX_LEN => i32,
     U32_MAX_LEN => u32
     as u32);

 impl_Integer!(I64_MAX_LEN => i64, U64_MAX_LEN => u64 as u64);

 #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "16")]
 impl_Integer!(I16_MAX_LEN => isize, U16_MAX_LEN => usize as u16);

 #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
 impl_Integer!(I32_MAX_LEN => isize, U32_MAX_LEN => usize as u32);

 #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
 impl_Integer!(I64_MAX_LEN => isize, U64_MAX_LEN => usize as u64);

 #[cfg(all(feature = "i128"))]
 macro_rules! impl_Integer128 {
     ($($max_len:expr => $t:ident),*) => {$(
         impl_IntegerCommon!($max_len, $t);

         impl IntegerPrivate<[u8; $max_len]> for $t {
             #[allow(unused_comparisons)]
             #[inline]
             fn write_to(self, buf: &mut [u8; $max_len]) -> &[u8] {
                 let is_nonnegative = self >= 0;
                 let n = if is_nonnegative {
                     self as u128
                 } else {
                     // convert the negative num to positive by summing 1 to it's 2 complement
                     (!(self as u128)).wrapping_add(1)
                 };
                 let mut curr = buf.len() as isize;
                 let buf_ptr = buf.as_mut_ptr();

                 unsafe {
                     // Divide by 10^19 which is the highest power less than 2^64.
                     let (n, rem) = udiv128::udivmod_1e19(n);
                     let buf1 = buf_ptr.offset(curr - U64_MAX_LEN as isize) as *mut [u8; U64_MAX_LEN];
                     curr -= rem.write_to(&mut *buf1).len() as isize;

                     if n != 0 {
                         // Memset the base10 leading zeros of rem.
                         let target = buf.len() as isize - 19;
                         ptr::write_bytes(buf_ptr.offset(target), b'0', (curr - target) as usize);
                         curr = target;

                         // Divide by 10^19 again.
                         let (n, rem) = udiv128::udivmod_1e19(n);
                         let buf2 = buf_ptr.offset(curr - U64_MAX_LEN as isize) as *mut [u8; U64_MAX_LEN];
                         curr -= rem.write_to(&mut *buf2).len() as isize;

                         if n != 0 {
                             // Memset the leading zeros.
                             let target = buf.len() as isize - 38;
                             ptr::write_bytes(buf_ptr.offset(target), b'0', (curr - target) as usize);
                             curr = target;

                             // There is at most one digit left
                             // because u128::max / 10^19 / 10^19 is 3.
                             curr -= 1;
                             *buf_ptr.offset(curr) = (n as u8) + b'0';
                         }
                     }

                     if !is_nonnegative {
                         curr -= 1;
                         *buf_ptr.offset(curr) = b'-';
                     }

                     let len = buf.len() - curr as usize;
                     slice::from_raw_parts(buf_ptr.offset(curr), len)
                 }
             }
         }
     )*};
 }

 #[cfg(all(feature = "i128"))]
 const U128_MAX_LEN: usize = 39;
 const I128_MAX_LEN: usize = 40;

 #[cfg(all(feature = "i128"))]
 impl_Integer128!(I128_MAX_LEN => i128, U128_MAX_LEN => u128);
	//! [![github]](https://github.com/dtolnay/itoa)&ensp;[![crates-io]](https://crates.io/crates/itoa)&ensp;[![docs-rs]](https://docs.rs/itoa)
	//!
	//! [github]: https://img.shields.io/badge/github-8da0cb?style=for-the-badge&labelColor=555555&logo=github
	//! [crates-io]: https://img.shields.io/badge/crates.io-fc8d62?style=for-the-badge&labelColor=555555&logo=rust
	//! [docs-rs]: https://img.shields.io/badge/docs.rs-66c2a5?style=for-the-badge&labelColor=555555&logoColor=white&logo=data:image/svg+xml;base64,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
	//!
	//! <br>
	//!
	//! This crate provides fast functions for printing integer primitives to an
	//! [`io::Write`] or a [`fmt::Write`]. The implementation comes straight from
	//! [libcore] but avoids the performance penalty of going through
	//! [`fmt::Formatter`].
	//!
	//! See also [`dtoa`] for printing floating point primitives.
	//!
	//! [`io::Write`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html
	//! [`fmt::Write`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/fmt/trait.Write.html
	//! [libcore]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/b8214dc6c6fc20d0a660fb5700dca9ebf51ebe89/src/libcore/fmt/num.rs#L201-L254
	//! [`fmt::Formatter`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/struct.Formatter.html
	//! [`dtoa`]: https://github.com/dtolnay/dtoa
	//!
	//! <br>
	//!
	//! # Performance (lower is better)
	//!
	//! ![performance](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dtolnay/itoa/master/performance.png)
	//!
	//! <br>
	//!
	//! # Examples
	//!
	//! ```edition2018
	//! use std::{fmt, io};
	//!
	//! fn demo_itoa_write() -> io::Result<()> {
	//! // Write to a vector or other io::Write.
	//! let mut buf = Vec::new();
	//! itoa::write(&mut buf, 128u64)?;
	//! println!("{:?}", buf);
	//!
	//! // Write to a stack buffer.
	//! let mut bytes = [0u8; 20];
	//! let n = itoa::write(&mut bytes[..], 128u64)?;
	//! println!("{:?}", &bytes[..n]);
	//!
	//! Ok(())
	//! }
	//!
	//! fn demo_itoa_fmt() -> fmt::Result {
	//! // Write to a string.
	//! let mut s = String::new();
	//! itoa::fmt(&mut s, 128u64)?;
	//! println!("{}", s);
	//!
	//! Ok(())
	//! }
	//! ```

	#![doc(html_root_url = "https://docs.rs/itoa/0.4.6")]
	#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
	#![cfg_attr(feature = "cargo-clippy", allow(renamed_and_removed_lints))]
	#![cfg_attr(
	feature = "cargo-clippy",
	allow(const_static_lifetime, transmute_ptr_to_ptr),
	)]

	#[cfg(feature = "i128")]
	mod udiv128;

	#[cfg(feature = "std")]
	use std::{fmt, io, mem, ptr, slice, str};

	#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
	use core::{fmt, mem, ptr, slice, str};

	/// Write integer to an `io::Write`.
	#[cfg(feature = "std")]
	#[inline]
	pub fn write<W: io::Write, V: Integer>(mut wr: W, value: V) -> io::Result<usize> {
	let mut buf = Buffer::new();
	let s = buf.format(value);
	match wr.write_all(s.as_bytes()) {
	Ok(()) => Ok(s.len()),
	Err(e) => Err(e),
	}
	}

	/// Write integer to an `fmt::Write`.
	#[inline]
	pub fn fmt<W: fmt::Write, V: Integer>(mut wr: W, value: V) -> fmt::Result {
	let mut buf = Buffer::new();
	wr.write_str(buf.format(value))
	}

	/// A safe API for formatting integers to text.
	///
	/// # Example
	///
	/// ```
	/// let mut buffer = itoa::Buffer::new();
	/// let printed = buffer.format(1234);
	/// assert_eq!(printed, "1234");
	/// ```
	#[derive(Copy)]
	pub struct Buffer {
	bytes: [u8; I128_MAX_LEN],
	}

	impl Default for Buffer {
	#[inline]
	fn default() -> Buffer {
	Buffer::new()
	}
	}

	impl Clone for Buffer {
	#[inline]
	fn clone(&self) -> Self {
	Buffer::new()
	}
	}

	impl Buffer {
	/// This is a cheap operation; you don't need to worry about reusing buffers
	/// for efficiency.
	#[inline]
	#[allow(deprecated)]
	pub fn new() -> Buffer {
	Buffer {
	bytes: unsafe { mem::uninitialized() },
	}
	}

	/// Print an integer into this buffer and return a reference to its string representation
	/// within the buffer.
	pub fn format<I: Integer>(&mut self, i: I) -> &str {
	i.write(self)
	}
	}

	// Seal to prevent downstream implementations of the Integer trait.
	mod private {
	pub trait Sealed {}
	}

	/// An integer that can be formatted by `itoa::write` and `itoa::fmt`.
	///
	/// This trait is sealed and cannot be implemented for types outside of itoa.
	pub trait Integer: private::Sealed {
	// Not public API.
	#[doc(hidden)]
	fn write(self, buf: &mut Buffer) -> &str;
	}

	trait IntegerPrivate<B> {
	fn write_to(self, buf: &mut B) -> &[u8];
	}

	const DEC_DIGITS_LUT: &'static [u8] = b"\
	0001020304050607080910111213141516171819\
	2021222324252627282930313233343536373839\
	4041424344454647484950515253545556575859\
	6061626364656667686970717273747576777879\
	8081828384858687888990919293949596979899";

	// Adaptation of the original implementation at
	// https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/b8214dc6c6fc20d0a660fb5700dca9ebf51ebe89/src/libcore/fmt/num.rs#L188-L266
	macro_rules! impl_IntegerCommon {
	($max_len:expr, $t:ident) => {
	impl Integer for $t {
	#[inline]
	fn write(self, buf: &mut Buffer) -> &str {
	unsafe {
	debug_assert!($max_len <= I128_MAX_LEN);
	let buf = mem::transmute::<&mut [u8; I128_MAX_LEN], &mut [u8; $max_len]>(
	&mut buf.bytes,
	);
	let bytes = self.write_to(buf);
	str::from_utf8_unchecked(bytes)
	}
	}
	}

	impl private::Sealed for $t {}
	};
	}

	macro_rules! impl_Integer {
	($($max_len:expr => $t:ident),* as $conv_fn:ident) => {$(
	impl_IntegerCommon!($max_len, $t);

	impl IntegerPrivate<[u8; $max_len]> for $t {
	#[allow(unused_comparisons)]
	#[inline]
	fn write_to(self, buf: &mut [u8; $max_len]) -> &[u8] {
	let is_nonnegative = self >= 0;
	let mut n = if is_nonnegative {
	self as $conv_fn
	} else {
	// convert the negative num to positive by summing 1 to it's 2 complement
	(!(self as $conv_fn)).wrapping_add(1)
	};
	let mut curr = buf.len() as isize;
	let buf_ptr = buf.as_mut_ptr();
	let lut_ptr = DEC_DIGITS_LUT.as_ptr();

	unsafe {
	// need at least 16 bits for the 4-characters-at-a-time to work.
	if mem::size_of::<$t>() >= 2 {
	// eagerly decode 4 characters at a time
	while n >= 10000 {
	let rem = (n % 10000) as isize;
	n /= 10000;

	let d1 = (rem / 100) << 1;
	let d2 = (rem % 100) << 1;
	curr -= 4;
	ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(lut_ptr.offset(d1), buf_ptr.offset(curr), 2);
	ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(lut_ptr.offset(d2), buf_ptr.offset(curr + 2), 2);
	}
	}

	// if we reach here numbers are <= 9999, so at most 4 chars long
	let mut n = n as isize; // possibly reduce 64bit math

	// decode 2 more chars, if > 2 chars
	if n >= 100 {
	let d1 = (n % 100) << 1;
	n /= 100;
	curr -= 2;
	ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(lut_ptr.offset(d1), buf_ptr.offset(curr), 2);
	}

	// decode last 1 or 2 chars
	if n < 10 {
	curr -= 1;
	*buf_ptr.offset(curr) = (n as u8) + b'0';
	} else {
	let d1 = n << 1;
	curr -= 2;
	ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(lut_ptr.offset(d1), buf_ptr.offset(curr), 2);
	}

	if !is_nonnegative {
	curr -= 1;
	*buf_ptr.offset(curr) = b'-';
	}
	}

	let len = buf.len() - curr as usize;
	unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(buf_ptr.offset(curr), len) }
	}
	}
	)*};
	}

	const I8_MAX_LEN: usize = 4;
	const U8_MAX_LEN: usize = 3;
	const I16_MAX_LEN: usize = 6;
	const U16_MAX_LEN: usize = 5;
	const I32_MAX_LEN: usize = 11;
	const U32_MAX_LEN: usize = 10;
	const I64_MAX_LEN: usize = 20;
	const U64_MAX_LEN: usize = 20;

	impl_Integer!(
	I8_MAX_LEN => i8,
	U8_MAX_LEN => u8,
	I16_MAX_LEN => i16,
	U16_MAX_LEN => u16,
	I32_MAX_LEN => i32,
	U32_MAX_LEN => u32
	as u32);

	impl_Integer!(I64_MAX_LEN => i64, U64_MAX_LEN => u64 as u64);

	#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "16")]
	impl_Integer!(I16_MAX_LEN => isize, U16_MAX_LEN => usize as u16);

	#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
	impl_Integer!(I32_MAX_LEN => isize, U32_MAX_LEN => usize as u32);

	#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
	impl_Integer!(I64_MAX_LEN => isize, U64_MAX_LEN => usize as u64);

	#[cfg(all(feature = "i128"))]
	macro_rules! impl_Integer128 {
	($($max_len:expr => $t:ident),*) => {$(
	impl_IntegerCommon!($max_len, $t);

	impl IntegerPrivate<[u8; $max_len]> for $t {
	#[allow(unused_comparisons)]
	#[inline]
	fn write_to(self, buf: &mut [u8; $max_len]) -> &[u8] {
	let is_nonnegative = self >= 0;
	let n = if is_nonnegative {
	self as u128
	} else {
	// convert the negative num to positive by summing 1 to it's 2 complement
	(!(self as u128)).wrapping_add(1)
	};
	let mut curr = buf.len() as isize;
	let buf_ptr = buf.as_mut_ptr();

	unsafe {
	// Divide by 10^19 which is the highest power less than 2^64.
	let (n, rem) = udiv128::udivmod_1e19(n);
	let buf1 = buf_ptr.offset(curr - U64_MAX_LEN as isize) as *mut [u8; U64_MAX_LEN];
	curr -= rem.write_to(&mut *buf1).len() as isize;

	if n != 0 {
	// Memset the base10 leading zeros of rem.
	let target = buf.len() as isize - 19;
	ptr::write_bytes(buf_ptr.offset(target), b'0', (curr - target) as usize);
	curr = target;

	// Divide by 10^19 again.
	let (n, rem) = udiv128::udivmod_1e19(n);
	let buf2 = buf_ptr.offset(curr - U64_MAX_LEN as isize) as *mut [u8; U64_MAX_LEN];
	curr -= rem.write_to(&mut *buf2).len() as isize;

	if n != 0 {
	// Memset the leading zeros.
	let target = buf.len() as isize - 38;
	ptr::write_bytes(buf_ptr.offset(target), b'0', (curr - target) as usize);
	curr = target;

	// There is at most one digit left
	// because u128::max / 10^19 / 10^19 is 3.
	curr -= 1;
	*buf_ptr.offset(curr) = (n as u8) + b'0';
	}
	}

	if !is_nonnegative {
	curr -= 1;
	*buf_ptr.offset(curr) = b'-';
	}

	let len = buf.len() - curr as usize;
	slice::from_raw_parts(buf_ptr.offset(curr), len)
	}
	}
	}
	)*};
	}

	#[cfg(all(feature = "i128"))]
	const U128_MAX_LEN: usize = 39;
	const I128_MAX_LEN: usize = 40;

	#[cfg(all(feature = "i128"))]
	impl_Integer128!(I128_MAX_LEN => i128, U128_MAX_LEN => u128);