src/rt.rs

//! Functions used by generated protobuf code.
//! Should not be used by programs written by hands.

use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::default::Default;
use std::hash::Hash;

#[cfg(feature = "bytes")]
use crate::chars::Chars;
#[cfg(feature = "bytes")]
use bytes::Bytes;

use crate::enums::ProtobufEnum;
use crate::error::ProtobufError;
use crate::error::ProtobufResult;
use crate::error::WireError;
use crate::message::*;
use crate::repeated::RepeatedField;
use crate::singular::SingularField;
use crate::singular::SingularPtrField;
use crate::stream::wire_format;
use crate::stream::wire_format::WireType;
use crate::stream::wire_format::WireTypeFixed32;
use crate::stream::wire_format::WireTypeFixed64;
use crate::stream::wire_format::WireTypeLengthDelimited;
use crate::stream::wire_format::WireTypeVarint;
use crate::stream::CodedInputStream;
use crate::stream::CodedOutputStream;
use crate::types::*;
use crate::zigzag::*;

pub use crate::lazy_v2::LazyV2;
use crate::unknown::UnknownFields;

/// Given `u64` value compute varint encoded length.
pub fn compute_raw_varint64_size(value: u64) -> u32 {
    if (value & (0xffffffffffffffffu64 << 7)) == 0 {
        return 1;
    }
    if (value & (0xffffffffffffffffu64 << 14)) == 0 {
        return 2;
    }
    if (value & (0xffffffffffffffffu64 << 21)) == 0 {
        return 3;
    }
    if (value & (0xffffffffffffffffu64 << 28)) == 0 {
        return 4;
    }
    if (value & (0xffffffffffffffffu64 << 35)) == 0 {
        return 5;
    }
    if (value & (0xffffffffffffffffu64 << 42)) == 0 {
        return 6;
    }
    if (value & (0xffffffffffffffffu64 << 49)) == 0 {
        return 7;
    }
    if (value & (0xffffffffffffffffu64 << 56)) == 0 {
        return 8;
    }
    if (value & (0xffffffffffffffffu64 << 63)) == 0 {
        return 9;
    }
    10
}

/// Given `u32` value compute varint encoded length.
pub fn compute_raw_varint32_size(value: u32) -> u32 {
    compute_raw_varint64_size(value as u64)
}

/// Helper trait implemented by integer types which could be encoded as varint.
pub trait ProtobufVarint {
    /// Size of self when encoded as varint.
    fn len_varint(&self) -> u32;
}

/// Helper trait implemented by integer types which could be encoded as zigzag varint.
pub trait ProtobufVarintZigzag {
    /// Size of self when encoded as zigzag varint.
    fn len_varint_zigzag(&self) -> u32;
}

impl ProtobufVarint for u64 {
    fn len_varint(&self) -> u32 {
        compute_raw_varint64_size(*self)
    }
}

impl ProtobufVarint for u32 {
    fn len_varint(&self) -> u32 {
        (*self as u64).len_varint()
    }
}

impl ProtobufVarint for i64 {
    fn len_varint(&self) -> u32 {
        // same as length of u64
        (*self as u64).len_varint()
    }
}

impl ProtobufVarintZigzag for i64 {
    fn len_varint_zigzag(&self) -> u32 {
        compute_raw_varint64_size(encode_zig_zag_64(*self))
    }
}

impl ProtobufVarint for i32 {
    fn len_varint(&self) -> u32 {
        // sign-extend and then compute
        (*self as i64).len_varint()
    }
}

impl ProtobufVarintZigzag for i32 {
    fn len_varint_zigzag(&self) -> u32 {
        compute_raw_varint32_size(encode_zig_zag_32(*self))
    }
}

impl ProtobufVarint for bool {
    fn len_varint(&self) -> u32 {
        1
    }
}

/* Commented out due to https://github.com/mozilla/rust/issues/8075
impl<E:ProtobufEnum> ProtobufVarint for E {
    fn len_varint(&self) -> u32 {
        self.value().len_varint()
    }
}
*/

/// Size of serialized repeated packed field, excluding length and tag.
pub fn vec_packed_varint_data_size<T: ProtobufVarint>(vec: &[T]) -> u32 {
    vec.iter().map(|v| v.len_varint()).fold(0, |a, i| a + i)
}

/// Size of serialized repeated packed field, excluding length and tag.
pub fn vec_packed_varint_zigzag_data_size<T: ProtobufVarintZigzag>(vec: &[T]) -> u32 {
    vec.iter()
        .map(|v| v.len_varint_zigzag())
        .fold(0, |a, i| a + i)
}

/// Size of serialized repeated packed enum field, excluding length and tag.
pub fn vec_packed_enum_data_size<E: ProtobufEnum>(vec: &[E]) -> u32 {
    vec.iter()
        .map(|e| compute_raw_varint32_size(e.value() as u32))
        .fold(0, |a, i| a + i)
}

/// Size of serialized data with length prefix and tag
pub fn vec_packed_varint_size<T: ProtobufVarint>(field_number: u32, vec: &[T]) -> u32 {
    if vec.is_empty() {
        0
    } else {
        let data_size = vec_packed_varint_data_size(vec);
        tag_size(field_number) + data_size.len_varint() + data_size
    }
}

/// Size of serialized data with length prefix and tag
pub fn vec_packed_varint_zigzag_size<T: ProtobufVarintZigzag>(field_number: u32, vec: &[T]) -> u32 {
    if vec.is_empty() {
        0
    } else {
        let data_size = vec_packed_varint_zigzag_data_size(vec);
        tag_size(field_number) + data_size.len_varint() + data_size
    }
}

/// Size of serialized data with length prefix and tag
pub fn vec_packed_enum_size<E: ProtobufEnum>(field_number: u32, vec: &[E]) -> u32 {
    if vec.is_empty() {
        0
    } else {
        let data_size = vec_packed_enum_data_size(vec);
        tag_size(field_number) + data_size.len_varint() + data_size
    }
}

/// Compute tag size. Size of tag does not depend on wire type.
pub fn tag_size(field_number: u32) -> u32 {
    wire_format::Tag::make(field_number, WireTypeFixed64)
        .value()
        .len_varint()
}

fn value_size_no_tag<T: ProtobufVarint>(value: T, wt: WireType) -> u32 {
    match wt {
        WireTypeFixed64 => 8,
        WireTypeFixed32 => 4,
        WireTypeVarint => value.len_varint(),
        _ => panic!(),
    }
}

/// Integer value size when encoded as specified wire type.
pub fn value_size<T: ProtobufVarint>(field_number: u32, value: T, wt: WireType) -> u32 {
    tag_size(field_number) + value_size_no_tag(value, wt)
}

/// Integer value size when encoded as specified wire type.
pub fn value_varint_zigzag_size_no_tag<T: ProtobufVarintZigzag>(value: T) -> u32 {
    value.len_varint_zigzag()
}

/// Length of value when encoding with zigzag encoding with tag
pub fn value_varint_zigzag_size<T: ProtobufVarintZigzag>(field_number: u32, value: T) -> u32 {
    tag_size(field_number) + value_varint_zigzag_size_no_tag(value)
}

fn enum_size_no_tag<E: ProtobufEnum>(value: E) -> u32 {
    value.value().len_varint()
}

/// Size of encoded enum field value.
pub fn enum_size<E: ProtobufEnum>(field_number: u32, value: E) -> u32 {
    tag_size(field_number) + enum_size_no_tag(value)
}

fn bytes_size_no_tag(bytes: &[u8]) -> u32 {
    compute_raw_varint64_size(bytes.len() as u64) + bytes.len() as u32
}

/// Size of encoded bytes field.
pub fn bytes_size(field_number: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> u32 {
    tag_size(field_number) + bytes_size_no_tag(bytes)
}

fn string_size_no_tag(s: &str) -> u32 {
    bytes_size_no_tag(s.as_bytes())
}

/// Size of encoded string field.
pub fn string_size(field_number: u32, s: &str) -> u32 {
    tag_size(field_number) + string_size_no_tag(s)
}

/// Size of encoded unknown fields size.
pub fn unknown_fields_size(unknown_fields: &UnknownFields) -> u32 {
    let mut r = 0;
    for (number, values) in unknown_fields {
        r += (tag_size(number) + 4) * values.fixed32.len() as u32;
        r += (tag_size(number) + 8) * values.fixed64.len() as u32;

        r += tag_size(number) * values.varint.len() as u32;
        for varint in &values.varint {
            r += varint.len_varint();
        }

        r += tag_size(number) * values.length_delimited.len() as u32;
        for bytes in &values.length_delimited {
            r += bytes_size_no_tag(&bytes);
        }
    }
    r
}

/// Read repeated `int32` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_int32_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<i32>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_int32_into(target),
        WireTypeVarint => {
            target.push(is.read_int32()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `int64` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_int64_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<i64>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_int64_into(target),
        WireTypeVarint => {
            target.push(is.read_int64()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `uint32` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_uint32_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<u32>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_uint32_into(target),
        WireTypeVarint => {
            target.push(is.read_uint32()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `uint64` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_uint64_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<u64>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_uint64_into(target),
        WireTypeVarint => {
            target.push(is.read_uint64()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `sint32` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_sint32_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<i32>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_sint32_into(target),
        WireTypeVarint => {
            target.push(is.read_sint32()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `sint64` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_sint64_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<i64>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_sint64_into(target),
        WireTypeVarint => {
            target.push(is.read_sint64()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `fixed32` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_fixed32_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<u32>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_fixed32_into(target),
        WireTypeFixed32 => {
            target.push(is.read_fixed32()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `fixed64` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_fixed64_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<u64>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_fixed64_into(target),
        WireTypeFixed64 => {
            target.push(is.read_fixed64()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `sfixed32` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_sfixed32_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<i32>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_sfixed32_into(target),
        WireTypeFixed32 => {
            target.push(is.read_sfixed32()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `sfixed64` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_sfixed64_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<i64>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_sfixed64_into(target),
        WireTypeFixed64 => {
            target.push(is.read_sfixed64()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `double` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_double_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<f64>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_double_into(target),
        WireTypeFixed64 => {
            target.push(is.read_double()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `float` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_float_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<f32>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_float_into(target),
        WireTypeFixed32 => {
            target.push(is.read_float()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `bool` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_bool_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<bool>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_bool_into(target),
        WireTypeVarint => {
            target.push(is.read_bool()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `enum` field into given vec.
/// This function is no longer called from generated code, remove in 1.5.
pub fn read_repeated_enum_into<E: ProtobufEnum>(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<E>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_repeated_packed_enum_into(target),
        WireTypeVarint => {
            target.push(is.read_enum()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Helper function to read single enum value.
#[inline]
fn read_enum_with_unknown_fields_into<E: ProtobufEnum, C>(
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: C,
    field_number: u32,
    unknown_fields: &mut UnknownFields,
) -> ProtobufResult<()>
where
    C: FnOnce(E),
{
    let i = is.read_int32()?;
    match ProtobufEnum::from_i32(i) {
        Some(e) => target(e),
        None => unknown_fields.add_varint(field_number, i as i64 as u64),
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn read_repeated_packed_enum_with_unknown_fields_into<E: ProtobufEnum>(
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<E>,
    field_number: u32,
    unknown_fields: &mut UnknownFields,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    let len = is.read_raw_varint64()?;
    let old_limit = is.push_limit(len)?;
    while !is.eof()? {
        read_enum_with_unknown_fields_into(is, |e| target.push(e), field_number, unknown_fields)?;
    }
    is.pop_limit(old_limit);
    Ok(())
}

/// Read repeated `enum` field into given vec,
/// and when value is unknown store it in unknown fields
/// which matches proto2 spec.
///
/// See explanation
/// [here](https://github.com/stepancheg/rust-protobuf/issues/233#issuecomment-375142710)
pub fn read_repeated_enum_with_unknown_fields_into<E: ProtobufEnum>(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<E>,
    field_number: u32,
    unknown_fields: &mut UnknownFields,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => read_repeated_packed_enum_with_unknown_fields_into(
            is,
            target,
            field_number,
            unknown_fields,
        ),
        WireTypeVarint => {
            read_enum_with_unknown_fields_into(is, |e| target.push(e), field_number, unknown_fields)
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `enum` field into given vec,
/// and when value is unknown store it in unknown fields
/// which matches proto2 spec.
///
/// See explanation
/// [here](https://github.com/stepancheg/rust-protobuf/issues/233#issuecomment-375142710)
pub fn read_proto3_enum_with_unknown_fields_into<E: ProtobufEnum>(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut E,
    field_number: u32,
    unknown_fields: &mut UnknownFields,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    if wire_type != WireType::WireTypeVarint {
        return Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type));
    }

    read_enum_with_unknown_fields_into(is, |e| *target = e, field_number, unknown_fields)
}

/// Read repeated `enum` field into given vec,
/// and when value is unknown store it in unknown fields
/// which matches proto2 spec.
///
/// See explanation
/// [here](https://github.com/stepancheg/rust-protobuf/issues/233#issuecomment-375142710)
pub fn read_proto2_enum_with_unknown_fields_into<E: ProtobufEnum>(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Option<E>,
    field_number: u32,
    unknown_fields: &mut UnknownFields,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    if wire_type != WireType::WireTypeVarint {
        return Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type));
    }

    read_enum_with_unknown_fields_into(is, |e| *target = Some(e), field_number, unknown_fields)
}

/// Read repeated `string` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_string_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut RepeatedField<String>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => {
            let tmp = target.push_default();
            is.read_string_into(tmp)
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `Chars` field into given vec.
#[cfg(feature = "bytes")]
pub fn read_repeated_carllerche_string_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<Chars>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => {
            target.push(is.read_carllerche_chars()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read singular `string` field.
pub fn read_singular_string_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut SingularField<String>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => {
            let tmp = target.set_default();
            is.read_string_into(tmp)
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read singular `Chars` field.
#[cfg(feature = "bytes")]
pub fn read_singular_carllerche_string_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Option<Chars>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => {
            *target = Some(is.read_carllerche_chars()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read singular `string` field for proto3.
pub fn read_singular_proto3_string_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut String,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_string_into(target),
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read singular `Chars` field for proto3.
#[cfg(feature = "bytes")]
pub fn read_singular_proto3_carllerche_string_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Chars,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => {
            *target = is.read_carllerche_chars()?;
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `bytes` field into given vec.
pub fn read_repeated_bytes_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut RepeatedField<Vec<u8>>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => {
            let tmp = target.push_default();
            is.read_bytes_into(tmp)
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `Bytes` field into given vec.
#[cfg(feature = "bytes")]
pub fn read_repeated_carllerche_bytes_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<Bytes>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => {
            target.push(is.read_carllerche_bytes()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read singular `bytes` field.
pub fn read_singular_bytes_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut SingularField<Vec<u8>>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => {
            let tmp = target.set_default();
            is.read_bytes_into(tmp)
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read singular `Bytes` field.
#[cfg(feature = "bytes")]
pub fn read_singular_carllerche_bytes_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Option<Bytes>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => {
            *target = Some(is.read_carllerche_bytes()?);
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read singular `bytes` field for proto3.
pub fn read_singular_proto3_bytes_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Vec<u8>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => is.read_bytes_into(target),
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read singular `Bytes` field for proto3.
#[cfg(feature = "bytes")]
pub fn read_singular_proto3_carllerche_bytes_into(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut Bytes,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => {
            *target = is.read_carllerche_bytes()?;
            Ok(())
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read repeated `message` field.
pub fn read_repeated_message_into<M: Message + Default>(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut RepeatedField<M>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => {
            is.incr_recursion()?;
            let tmp = target.push_default();
            let res = is.merge_message(tmp);
            is.decr_recursion();
            res
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

/// Read singular `message` field.
pub fn read_singular_message_into<M: Message + Default>(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut SingularPtrField<M>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        WireTypeLengthDelimited => {
            is.incr_recursion()?;
            let tmp = target.set_default();
            let res = is.merge_message(tmp);
            is.decr_recursion();
            res
        }
        _ => Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type)),
    }
}

fn skip_group(is: &mut CodedInputStream) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    loop {
        let (_, wire_type) = is.read_tag_unpack()?;
        if wire_type == wire_format::WireTypeEndGroup {
            return Ok(());
        }
        is.skip_field(wire_type)?;
    }
}

/// Handle unknown field in generated code.
/// Either store a value in unknown, or skip a group.
pub fn read_unknown_or_skip_group(
    field_number: u32,
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    unknown_fields: &mut UnknownFields,
) -> ProtobufResult<()> {
    match wire_type {
        wire_format::WireTypeStartGroup => skip_group(is),
        _ => {
            let unknown = is.read_unknown(wire_type)?;
            unknown_fields.add_value(field_number, unknown);
            Ok(())
        }
    }
}

/// Create an error for unexpected wire type.
///
/// Function is used in generated code, so error types can be changed,
/// but this function remains unchanged.
pub fn unexpected_wire_type(wire_type: WireType) -> ProtobufError {
    ProtobufError::WireError(WireError::UnexpectedWireType(wire_type))
}

/// Compute serialized size of `map` field and cache nested field sizes.
pub fn compute_map_size<K, V>(field_number: u32, map: &HashMap<K::Value, V::Value>) -> u32
where
    K: ProtobufType,
    V: ProtobufType,
    K::Value: Eq + Hash,
{
    let mut sum = 0;
    for (k, v) in map {
        let key_tag_size = 1;
        let value_tag_size = 1;

        let key_len = K::compute_size_with_length_delimiter(k);
        let value_len = V::compute_size_with_length_delimiter(v);

        let entry_len = key_tag_size + key_len + value_tag_size + value_len;
        sum += tag_size(field_number) + compute_raw_varint32_size(entry_len) + entry_len;
    }
    sum
}

/// Write map, message sizes must be already known.
pub fn write_map_with_cached_sizes<K, V>(
    field_number: u32,
    map: &HashMap<K::Value, V::Value>,
    os: &mut CodedOutputStream,
) -> ProtobufResult<()>
where
    K: ProtobufType,
    V: ProtobufType,
    K::Value: Eq + Hash,
{
    for (k, v) in map {
        let key_tag_size = 1;
        let value_tag_size = 1;

        let key_len = K::get_cached_size_with_length_delimiter(k);
        let value_len = V::get_cached_size_with_length_delimiter(v);

        let entry_len = key_tag_size + key_len + value_tag_size + value_len;

        os.write_tag(field_number, WireType::WireTypeLengthDelimited)?;
        os.write_raw_varint32(entry_len)?;
        K::write_with_cached_size(1, k, os)?;
        V::write_with_cached_size(2, v, os)?;
    }
    Ok(())
}

/// Read `map` field.
pub fn read_map_into<K, V>(
    wire_type: WireType,
    is: &mut CodedInputStream,
    target: &mut HashMap<K::Value, V::Value>,
) -> ProtobufResult<()>
where
    K: ProtobufType,
    V: ProtobufType,
    K::Value: Eq + Hash + Default,
    V::Value: Default,
{
    if wire_type != WireType::WireTypeLengthDelimited {
        return Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type));
    }

    let mut key = Default::default();
    let mut value = Default::default();

    let len = is.read_raw_varint32()?;
    let old_limit = is.push_limit(len as u64)?;
    while !is.eof()? {
        let (field_number, wire_type) = is.read_tag_unpack()?;
        match field_number {
            1 => {
                if wire_type != K::wire_type() {
                    return Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type));
                }
                key = K::read(is)?;
            }
            2 => {
                if wire_type != V::wire_type() {
                    return Err(unexpected_wire_type(wire_type));
                }
                value = V::read(is)?;
            }
            _ => is.skip_field(wire_type)?,
        }
    }
    is.pop_limit(old_limit);

    target.insert(key, value);

    Ok(())
}