src/core/SkScalerContext.h

/*
 * Copyright 2006 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
 * found in the LICENSE file.
 */

#ifndef SkScalerContext_DEFINED
#define SkScalerContext_DEFINED

#include "SkMask.h"
#include "SkMaskGamma.h"
#include "SkMatrix.h"
#include "SkPaint.h"
#include "SkTypeface.h"

class SkGlyph;
class SkDescriptor;
class SkMaskFilter;
class SkPathEffect;
class SkRasterizer;

struct SkScalerContextEffects {
    SkScalerContextEffects() : fPathEffect(nullptr), fMaskFilter(nullptr), fRasterizer(nullptr) {}
    SkScalerContextEffects(SkPathEffect* pe, SkMaskFilter* mf, SkRasterizer* ra)
        : fPathEffect(pe), fMaskFilter(mf), fRasterizer(ra) {}

    SkPathEffect*   fPathEffect;
    SkMaskFilter*   fMaskFilter;
    SkRasterizer*   fRasterizer;
};

enum SkAxisAlignment {
    kNone_SkAxisAlignment,
    kX_SkAxisAlignment,
    kY_SkAxisAlignment
};

/*
 *  To allow this to be forward-declared, it must be its own typename, rather
 *  than a nested struct inside SkScalerContext (where it started).
 */
struct SkScalerContextRec {
    uint32_t    fFontID;
    SkScalar    fTextSize, fPreScaleX, fPreSkewX;
    SkScalar    fPost2x2[2][2];
    SkScalar    fFrameWidth, fMiterLimit;

    //These describe the parameters to create (uniquely identify) the pre-blend.
    uint32_t    fLumBits;
    uint8_t     fDeviceGamma; //2.6, (0.0, 4.0) gamma, 0.0 for sRGB
    uint8_t     fPaintGamma;  //2.6, (0.0, 4.0) gamma, 0.0 for sRGB
    uint8_t     fContrast;    //0.8+1, [0.0, 1.0] artificial contrast
    uint8_t     fReservedAlign;

    SkScalar getDeviceGamma() const {
        return SkIntToScalar(fDeviceGamma) / (1 << 6);
    }
    void setDeviceGamma(SkScalar dg) {
        SkASSERT(0 <= dg && dg < SkIntToScalar(4));
        fDeviceGamma = SkScalarFloorToInt(dg * (1 << 6));
    }

    SkScalar getPaintGamma() const {
        return SkIntToScalar(fPaintGamma) / (1 << 6);
    }
    void setPaintGamma(SkScalar pg) {
        SkASSERT(0 <= pg && pg < SkIntToScalar(4));
        fPaintGamma = SkScalarFloorToInt(pg * (1 << 6));
    }

    SkScalar getContrast() const {
        return SkIntToScalar(fContrast) / ((1 << 8) - 1);
    }
    void setContrast(SkScalar c) {
        SkASSERT(0 <= c && c <= SK_Scalar1);
        fContrast = SkScalarRoundToInt(c * ((1 << 8) - 1));
    }

    /**
     *  Causes the luminance color to be ignored, and the paint and device
     *  gamma to be effectively 1.0
     */
    void ignoreGamma() {
        setLuminanceColor(SK_ColorTRANSPARENT);
        setPaintGamma(SK_Scalar1);
        setDeviceGamma(SK_Scalar1);
    }

    /**
     *  Causes the luminance color and contrast to be ignored, and the
     *  paint and device gamma to be effectively 1.0.
     */
    void ignorePreBlend() {
        ignoreGamma();
        setContrast(0);
    }

    uint8_t     fMaskFormat;
    uint8_t     fStrokeJoin : 4;
    uint8_t     fStrokeCap : 4;
    uint16_t    fFlags;
    // Warning: when adding members note that the size of this structure
    // must be a multiple of 4. SkDescriptor requires that its arguments be
    // multiples of four and this structure is put in an SkDescriptor in
    // SkPaint::MakeRec.

    void    getMatrixFrom2x2(SkMatrix*) const;
    void    getLocalMatrix(SkMatrix*) const;
    void    getSingleMatrix(SkMatrix*) const;

    /** The kind of scale which will be applied by the underlying port (pre-matrix). */
    enum PreMatrixScale {
        kFull_PreMatrixScale,  // The underlying port can apply both x and y scale.
        kVertical_PreMatrixScale,  // The underlying port can only apply a y scale.
        kVerticalInteger_PreMatrixScale  // The underlying port can only apply an integer y scale.
    };
    /**
     *  Compute useful matrices for use with sizing in underlying libraries.
     *
     *  There are two kinds of text size, a 'requested/logical size' which is like asking for size
     *  '12' and a 'real' size which is the size after the matrix is applied. The matrices produced
     *  by this method are based on the 'real' size. This method effectively finds the total device
     *  matrix and decomposes it in various ways.
     *
     *  The most useful decomposition is into 'scale' and 'remaining'. The 'scale' is applied first
     *  and then the 'remaining' to fully apply the total matrix. This decomposition is useful when
     *  the text size ('scale') may have meaning apart from the total matrix. This is true when
     *  hinting, and sometimes true for other properties as well.
     *
     *  The second (optional) decomposition is of 'remaining' into a non-rotational part
     *  'remainingWithoutRotation' and a rotational part 'remainingRotation'. The 'scale' is applied
     *  first, then 'remainingWithoutRotation', then 'remainingRotation' to fully apply the total
     *  matrix. This decomposition is helpful when only horizontal metrics can be trusted, so the
     *  'scale' and 'remainingWithoutRotation' will be handled by the underlying library, but
     *  the final rotation 'remainingRotation' will be handled manually.
     *
     *  The 'total' matrix is also (optionally) available. This is useful in cases where the
     *  underlying library will not be used, often when working directly with font data.
     *
     *  The parameters 'scale' and 'remaining' are required, the other pointers may be nullptr.
     *
     *  @param preMatrixScale the kind of scale to extract from the total matrix.
     *  @param scale the scale extracted from the total matrix (both values positive).
     *  @param remaining apply after scale to apply the total matrix.
     *  @param remainingWithoutRotation apply after scale to apply the total matrix sans rotation.
     *  @param remainingRotation apply after remainingWithoutRotation to apply the total matrix.
     *  @param total the total matrix.
     *  @return false if the matrix was singular. The output will be valid but not invertible.
     */
    bool computeMatrices(PreMatrixScale preMatrixScale,
                         SkVector* scale, SkMatrix* remaining,
                         SkMatrix* remainingWithoutRotation = nullptr,
                         SkMatrix* remainingRotation = nullptr,
                         SkMatrix* total = nullptr);

    inline SkPaint::Hinting getHinting() const;
    inline void setHinting(SkPaint::Hinting);

    SkMask::Format getFormat() const {
        return static_cast<SkMask::Format>(fMaskFormat);
    }

    SkColor getLuminanceColor() const {
        return fLumBits;
    }

    void setLuminanceColor(SkColor c) {
        fLumBits = c;
    }
};

//The following typedef hides from the rest of the implementation the number of
//most significant bits to consider when creating mask gamma tables. Two bits
//per channel was chosen as a balance between fidelity (more bits) and cache
//sizes (fewer bits). Three bits per channel was chosen when #303942; (used by
//the Chrome UI) turned out too green.
typedef SkTMaskGamma<3, 3, 3> SkMaskGamma;

class SkScalerContext {
public:
    typedef SkScalerContextRec Rec;

    enum Flags {
        kFrameAndFill_Flag        = 0x0001,
        kDevKernText_Flag         = 0x0002,
        kEmbeddedBitmapText_Flag  = 0x0004,
        kEmbolden_Flag            = 0x0008,
        kSubpixelPositioning_Flag = 0x0010,
        kForceAutohinting_Flag    = 0x0020,  // Use auto instead of bytcode hinting if hinting.
        kVertical_Flag            = 0x0040,

        // together, these two flags resulting in a two bit value which matches
        // up with the SkPaint::Hinting enum.
        kHinting_Shift            = 7, // to shift into the other flags above
        kHintingBit1_Flag         = 0x0080,
        kHintingBit2_Flag         = 0x0100,

        // Pixel geometry information.
        // only meaningful if fMaskFormat is kLCD16
        kLCD_Vertical_Flag        = 0x0200,    // else Horizontal
        kLCD_BGROrder_Flag        = 0x0400,    // else RGB order

        // Generate A8 from LCD source (for GDI and CoreGraphics).
        // only meaningful if fMaskFormat is kA8
        kGenA8FromLCD_Flag        = 0x0800, // could be 0x200 (bit meaning dependent on fMaskFormat)
    };

    // computed values
    enum {
        kHinting_Mask   = kHintingBit1_Flag | kHintingBit2_Flag,
    };

    SkScalerContext(sk_sp<SkTypeface>, const SkScalerContextEffects&, const SkDescriptor*);
    virtual ~SkScalerContext();

    SkTypeface* getTypeface() const { return fTypeface.get(); }

    SkMask::Format getMaskFormat() const {
        return (SkMask::Format)fRec.fMaskFormat;
    }

    bool isSubpixel() const {
        return SkToBool(fRec.fFlags & kSubpixelPositioning_Flag);
    }

    bool isVertical() const {
        return SkToBool(fRec.fFlags & kVertical_Flag);
    }

    /** Return the corresponding glyph for the specified unichar. Since contexts
        may be chained (under the hood), the glyphID that is returned may in
        fact correspond to a different font/context. In that case, we use the
        base-glyph-count to know how to translate back into local glyph space.
     */
    uint16_t charToGlyphID(SkUnichar uni) {
        return generateCharToGlyph(uni);
    }

    /** Map the glyphID to its glyph index, and then to its char code. Unmapped
        glyphs return zero.
    */
    SkUnichar glyphIDToChar(uint16_t glyphID) {
        return (glyphID < getGlyphCount()) ? generateGlyphToChar(glyphID) : 0;
    }

    unsigned    getGlyphCount() { return this->generateGlyphCount(); }
    void        getAdvance(SkGlyph*);
    void        getMetrics(SkGlyph*);
    void        getImage(const SkGlyph&);
    void        getPath(const SkGlyph&, SkPath*);
    void        getFontMetrics(SkPaint::FontMetrics*);

    /** Return the size in bytes of the associated gamma lookup table
     */
    static size_t GetGammaLUTSize(SkScalar contrast, SkScalar paintGamma, SkScalar deviceGamma,
                                  int* width, int* height);

    /** Get the associated gamma lookup table. The 'data' pointer must point to pre-allocated
        memory, with size in bytes greater than or equal to the return value of getGammaLUTSize().
     */
    static void   GetGammaLUTData(SkScalar contrast, SkScalar paintGamma, SkScalar deviceGamma,
                                  void* data);

    static void MakeRec(const SkPaint&, const SkSurfaceProps* surfaceProps,
                        const SkMatrix*, Rec* rec);
    static inline void PostMakeRec(const SkPaint&, Rec*);

    static SkMaskGamma::PreBlend GetMaskPreBlend(const Rec& rec);

    const Rec& getRec() const { return fRec; }

    SkScalerContextEffects getEffects() const {
        return { fPathEffect.get(), fMaskFilter.get(), fRasterizer.get() };
    }

    /**
    *  Return the axis (if any) that the baseline for horizontal text should land on.
    *  As an example, the identity matrix will return kX_SkAxisAlignment
    */
    SkAxisAlignment computeAxisAlignmentForHText();

protected:
    Rec         fRec;

    /** Generates the contents of glyph.fAdvanceX and glyph.fAdvanceY.
     *  May call getMetrics if that would be just as fast.
     */
    virtual void generateAdvance(SkGlyph* glyph) = 0;

    /** Generates the contents of glyph.fWidth, fHeight, fTop, fLeft,
     *  as well as fAdvanceX and fAdvanceY if not already set.
     *
     *  TODO: fMaskFormat is set by getMetrics later; cannot be set here.
     */
    virtual void generateMetrics(SkGlyph* glyph) = 0;

    /** Generates the contents of glyph.fImage.
     *  When called, glyph.fImage will be pointing to a pre-allocated,
     *  uninitialized region of memory of size glyph.computeImageSize().
     *  This method may change glyph.fMaskFormat if the new image size is
     *  less than or equal to the old image size.
     *
     *  Because glyph.computeImageSize() will determine the size of fImage,
     *  generateMetrics will be called before generateImage.
     */
    virtual void generateImage(const SkGlyph& glyph) = 0;

    /** Sets the passed path to the glyph outline.
     *  If this cannot be done the path is set to empty;
     *  this is indistinguishable from a glyph with an empty path.
     *  This does not set glyph.fPath.
     *
     *  TODO: path is always glyph.fPath, no reason to pass separately.
     */
    virtual void generatePath(const SkGlyph& glyph, SkPath* path) = 0;

    /** Retrieves font metrics. */
    virtual void generateFontMetrics(SkPaint::FontMetrics*) = 0;

    /** Returns the number of glyphs in the font. */
    virtual unsigned generateGlyphCount() = 0;

    /** Returns the glyph id for the given unichar.
     *  If there is no 1:1 mapping from the unichar to a glyph id, returns 0.
     */
    virtual uint16_t generateCharToGlyph(SkUnichar unichar) = 0;

    /** Returns the unichar for the given glyph id.
     *  If there is no 1:1 mapping from the glyph id to a unichar, returns 0.
     *  The default implementation always returns 0, indicating failure.
     */
    virtual SkUnichar generateGlyphToChar(uint16_t glyphId);

    void forceGenerateImageFromPath() { fGenerateImageFromPath = true; }
    void forceOffGenerateImageFromPath() { fGenerateImageFromPath = false; }

private:
    friend class SkRandomScalerContext; // For debug purposes

    // never null
    sk_sp<SkTypeface> fTypeface;

    // optional objects, which may be null
    sk_sp<SkPathEffect> fPathEffect;
    sk_sp<SkMaskFilter> fMaskFilter;
    sk_sp<SkRasterizer> fRasterizer;

    // if this is set, we draw the image from a path, rather than
    // calling generateImage.
    bool fGenerateImageFromPath;

    void internalGetPath(const SkGlyph& glyph, SkPath* fillPath,
                         SkPath* devPath, SkMatrix* fillToDevMatrix);

    // SkMaskGamma::PreBlend converts linear masks to gamma correcting masks.
protected:
    // Visible to subclasses so that generateImage can apply the pre-blend directly.
    const SkMaskGamma::PreBlend fPreBlend;
private:
    // When there is a filter, previous steps must create a linear mask
    // and the pre-blend applied as a final step.
    const SkMaskGamma::PreBlend fPreBlendForFilter;
};

#define kRec_SkDescriptorTag            SkSetFourByteTag('s', 'r', 'e', 'c')
#define kPathEffect_SkDescriptorTag     SkSetFourByteTag('p', 't', 'h', 'e')
#define kMaskFilter_SkDescriptorTag     SkSetFourByteTag('m', 's', 'k', 'f')
#define kRasterizer_SkDescriptorTag     SkSetFourByteTag('r', 'a', 's', 't')

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

SkPaint::Hinting SkScalerContextRec::getHinting() const {
    unsigned hint = (fFlags & SkScalerContext::kHinting_Mask) >>
                                            SkScalerContext::kHinting_Shift;
    return static_cast<SkPaint::Hinting>(hint);
}

void SkScalerContextRec::setHinting(SkPaint::Hinting hinting) {
    fFlags = (fFlags & ~SkScalerContext::kHinting_Mask) |
                                (hinting << SkScalerContext::kHinting_Shift);
}


#endif