src/core/SkMatrix.cpp

/*
 * Copyright 2006 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
 * found in the LICENSE file.
 */

#include "SkMatrix.h"
#include "Sk64.h"
#include "SkFloatBits.h"
#include "SkScalarCompare.h"
#include "SkString.h"

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FLOAT
    #define kMatrix22Elem   SK_Scalar1

    static inline float SkDoubleToFloat(double x) {
        return static_cast<float>(x);
    }
#else
    #define kMatrix22Elem   SK_Fract1
#endif

/*      [scale-x    skew-x      trans-x]   [X]   [X']
        [skew-y     scale-y     trans-y] * [Y] = [Y']
        [persp-0    persp-1     persp-2]   [1]   [1 ]
*/

void SkMatrix::reset() {
    fMat[kMScaleX] = fMat[kMScaleY] = SK_Scalar1;
    fMat[kMSkewX]  = fMat[kMSkewY] =
    fMat[kMTransX] = fMat[kMTransY] =
    fMat[kMPersp0] = fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;
    fMat[kMPersp2] = kMatrix22Elem;

    this->setTypeMask(kIdentity_Mask | kRectStaysRect_Mask);
}

// this guy aligns with the masks, so we can compute a mask from a varaible 0/1
enum {
    kTranslate_Shift,
    kScale_Shift,
    kAffine_Shift,
    kPerspective_Shift,
    kRectStaysRect_Shift
};

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FLOAT
    static const int32_t kScalar1Int = 0x3f800000;
    static const int32_t kPersp1Int  = 0x3f800000;
#else
    #define scalarAsInt(x)  (x)
    static const int32_t kScalar1Int = (1 << 16);
    static const int32_t kPersp1Int  = (1 << 30);
#endif

uint8_t SkMatrix::computePerspectiveTypeMask() const {
#ifdef SK_SCALAR_SLOW_COMPARES
    if (SkScalarAs2sCompliment(fMat[kMPersp0]) |
            SkScalarAs2sCompliment(fMat[kMPersp1]) |
            (SkScalarAs2sCompliment(fMat[kMPersp2]) - kPersp1Int)) {
        return SkToU8(kORableMasks);
    }
#else
    // Benchmarking suggests that replacing this set of SkScalarAs2sCompliment
    // is a win, but replacing those below is not. We don't yet understand
    // that result.
    if (fMat[kMPersp0] != 0 || fMat[kMPersp1] != 0 ||
        fMat[kMPersp2] != kMatrix22Elem) {
        // If this is a perspective transform, we return true for all other
        // transform flags - this does not disable any optimizations, respects
        // the rule that the type mask must be conservative, and speeds up
        // type mask computation.
        return SkToU8(kORableMasks);
    }
#endif

    return SkToU8(kOnlyPerspectiveValid_Mask | kUnknown_Mask);
}

uint8_t SkMatrix::computeTypeMask() const {
    unsigned mask = 0;

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_SLOW_COMPARES
    if (SkScalarAs2sCompliment(fMat[kMPersp0]) |
            SkScalarAs2sCompliment(fMat[kMPersp1]) |
            (SkScalarAs2sCompliment(fMat[kMPersp2]) - kPersp1Int)) {
        return SkToU8(kORableMasks);
    }

    if (SkScalarAs2sCompliment(fMat[kMTransX]) |
            SkScalarAs2sCompliment(fMat[kMTransY])) {
        mask |= kTranslate_Mask;
    }
#else
    if (fMat[kMPersp0] != 0 || fMat[kMPersp1] != 0 ||
        fMat[kMPersp2] != kMatrix22Elem) {
        // Once it is determined that that this is a perspective transform,
        // all other flags are moot as far as optimizations are concerned.
        return SkToU8(kORableMasks);
    }

    if (fMat[kMTransX] != 0 || fMat[kMTransY] != 0) {
        mask |= kTranslate_Mask;
    }
#endif

    int m00 = SkScalarAs2sCompliment(fMat[SkMatrix::kMScaleX]);
    int m01 = SkScalarAs2sCompliment(fMat[SkMatrix::kMSkewX]);
    int m10 = SkScalarAs2sCompliment(fMat[SkMatrix::kMSkewY]);
    int m11 = SkScalarAs2sCompliment(fMat[SkMatrix::kMScaleY]);

    if (m01 | m10) {
        // The skew components may be scale-inducing, unless we are dealing
        // with a pure rotation.  Testing for a pure rotation is expensive,
        // so we opt for being conservative by always setting the scale bit.
        // along with affine.
        // By doing this, we are also ensuring that matrices have the same
        // type masks as their inverses.
        mask |= kAffine_Mask | kScale_Mask;

        // For rectStaysRect, in the affine case, we only need check that
        // the primary diagonal is all zeros and that the secondary diagonal
        // is all non-zero.

        // map non-zero to 1
        m01 = m01 != 0;
        m10 = m10 != 0;

        int dp0 = 0 == (m00 | m11) ;  // true if both are 0
        int ds1 = m01 & m10;        // true if both are 1

        mask |= (dp0 & ds1) << kRectStaysRect_Shift;
    } else {
        // Only test for scale explicitly if not affine, since affine sets the
        // scale bit.
        if ((m00 - kScalar1Int) | (m11 - kScalar1Int)) {
            mask |= kScale_Mask;
        }

        // Not affine, therefore we already know secondary diagonal is
        // all zeros, so we just need to check that primary diagonal is
        // all non-zero.

        // map non-zero to 1
        m00 = m00 != 0;
        m11 = m11 != 0;

        // record if the (p)rimary diagonal is all non-zero
        mask |= (m00 & m11) << kRectStaysRect_Shift;
    }

    return SkToU8(mask);
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FLOAT

bool operator==(const SkMatrix& a, const SkMatrix& b) {
    const SkScalar* SK_RESTRICT ma = a.fMat;
    const SkScalar* SK_RESTRICT mb = b.fMat;

    return  ma[0] == mb[0] && ma[1] == mb[1] && ma[2] == mb[2] &&
            ma[3] == mb[3] && ma[4] == mb[4] && ma[5] == mb[5] &&
            ma[6] == mb[6] && ma[7] == mb[7] && ma[8] == mb[8];
}

#endif

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

bool SkMatrix::isSimilarity(SkScalar tol) const {
    // if identity or translate matrix
    TypeMask mask = this->getType();
    if (mask <= kTranslate_Mask) {
        return true;
    }
    if (mask & kPerspective_Mask) {
        return false;
    }

    SkScalar mx = fMat[kMScaleX];
    SkScalar my = fMat[kMScaleY];
    // if no skew, can just compare scale factors
    if (!(mask & kAffine_Mask)) {
        return !SkScalarNearlyZero(mx) && SkScalarNearlyEqual(SkScalarAbs(mx), SkScalarAbs(my));
    }
    SkScalar sx = fMat[kMSkewX];
    SkScalar sy = fMat[kMSkewY];

    // TODO: I (rphillips) think there should be an || in here (see preservesRightAngles)
    // degenerate matrix, non-similarity
    if (SkScalarNearlyZero(mx) && SkScalarNearlyZero(my)
        && SkScalarNearlyZero(sx) && SkScalarNearlyZero(sy)) {
        return false;
    }

    // it has scales and skews, but it could also be rotation, check it out.
    SkVector vec[2];
    vec[0].set(mx, sx);
    vec[1].set(sy, my);

    return SkScalarNearlyZero(vec[0].dot(vec[1]), SkScalarSquare(tol)) &&
           SkScalarNearlyEqual(vec[0].lengthSqd(), vec[1].lengthSqd(),
                               SkScalarSquare(tol));
}

bool SkMatrix::preservesRightAngles(SkScalar tol) const {
    TypeMask mask = this->getType();

    if (mask <= (SkMatrix::kTranslate_Mask | SkMatrix::kScale_Mask)) {
        // identity, translate and/or scale
        return true;
    }
    if (mask & kPerspective_Mask) {
        return false;
    }

    SkASSERT(mask & kAffine_Mask);

    SkScalar mx = fMat[kMScaleX];
    SkScalar my = fMat[kMScaleY];
    SkScalar sx = fMat[kMSkewX];
    SkScalar sy = fMat[kMSkewY];

    if ((SkScalarNearlyZero(mx) && SkScalarNearlyZero(sx)) ||
        (SkScalarNearlyZero(my) && SkScalarNearlyZero(sy))) {
        // degenerate matrix
        return false;
    }

    // it has scales and skews, but it could also be rotation, check it out.
    SkVector vec[2];
    vec[0].set(mx, sx);
    vec[1].set(sy, my);

    return SkScalarNearlyZero(vec[0].dot(vec[1]), SkScalarSquare(tol)) &&
           SkScalarNearlyEqual(vec[0].lengthSqd(), vec[1].lengthSqd(),
                               SkScalarSquare(tol));
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void SkMatrix::setTranslate(SkScalar dx, SkScalar dy) {
    if (SkScalarToCompareType(dx) || SkScalarToCompareType(dy)) {
        fMat[kMTransX] = dx;
        fMat[kMTransY] = dy;

        fMat[kMScaleX] = fMat[kMScaleY] = SK_Scalar1;
        fMat[kMSkewX]  = fMat[kMSkewY] =
        fMat[kMPersp0] = fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;
        fMat[kMPersp2] = kMatrix22Elem;

        this->setTypeMask(kTranslate_Mask | kRectStaysRect_Mask);
    } else {
        this->reset();
    }
}

bool SkMatrix::preTranslate(SkScalar dx, SkScalar dy) {
    if (this->hasPerspective()) {
        SkMatrix    m;
        m.setTranslate(dx, dy);
        return this->preConcat(m);
    }

    if (SkScalarToCompareType(dx) || SkScalarToCompareType(dy)) {
        fMat[kMTransX] += SkScalarMul(fMat[kMScaleX], dx) +
                          SkScalarMul(fMat[kMSkewX], dy);
        fMat[kMTransY] += SkScalarMul(fMat[kMSkewY], dx) +
                          SkScalarMul(fMat[kMScaleY], dy);

        this->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask | kOnlyPerspectiveValid_Mask);
    }
    return true;
}

bool SkMatrix::postTranslate(SkScalar dx, SkScalar dy) {
    if (this->hasPerspective()) {
        SkMatrix    m;
        m.setTranslate(dx, dy);
        return this->postConcat(m);
    }

    if (SkScalarToCompareType(dx) || SkScalarToCompareType(dy)) {
        fMat[kMTransX] += dx;
        fMat[kMTransY] += dy;
        this->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask | kOnlyPerspectiveValid_Mask);
    }
    return true;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void SkMatrix::setScale(SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy, SkScalar px, SkScalar py) {
    if (SK_Scalar1 == sx && SK_Scalar1 == sy) {
        this->reset();
    } else {
        fMat[kMScaleX] = sx;
        fMat[kMScaleY] = sy;
        fMat[kMTransX] = px - SkScalarMul(sx, px);
        fMat[kMTransY] = py - SkScalarMul(sy, py);
        fMat[kMPersp2] = kMatrix22Elem;

        fMat[kMSkewX]  = fMat[kMSkewY] =
        fMat[kMPersp0] = fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;

        this->setTypeMask(kScale_Mask | kTranslate_Mask | kRectStaysRect_Mask);
    }
}

void SkMatrix::setScale(SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy) {
    if (SK_Scalar1 == sx && SK_Scalar1 == sy) {
        this->reset();
    } else {
        fMat[kMScaleX] = sx;
        fMat[kMScaleY] = sy;
        fMat[kMPersp2] = kMatrix22Elem;

        fMat[kMTransX] = fMat[kMTransY] =
        fMat[kMSkewX]  = fMat[kMSkewY] =
        fMat[kMPersp0] = fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;

        this->setTypeMask(kScale_Mask | kRectStaysRect_Mask);
    }
}

bool SkMatrix::setIDiv(int divx, int divy) {
    if (!divx || !divy) {
        return false;
    }
    this->setScale(SK_Scalar1 / divx, SK_Scalar1 / divy);
    return true;
}

bool SkMatrix::preScale(SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy, SkScalar px, SkScalar py) {
    SkMatrix    m;
    m.setScale(sx, sy, px, py);
    return this->preConcat(m);
}

bool SkMatrix::preScale(SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy) {
    if (SK_Scalar1 == sx && SK_Scalar1 == sy) {
        return true;
    }

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
    SkMatrix    m;
    m.setScale(sx, sy);
    return this->preConcat(m);
#else
    // the assumption is that these multiplies are very cheap, and that
    // a full concat and/or just computing the matrix type is more expensive.
    // Also, the fixed-point case checks for overflow, but the float doesn't,
    // so we can get away with these blind multiplies.

    fMat[kMScaleX] = SkScalarMul(fMat[kMScaleX], sx);
    fMat[kMSkewY] = SkScalarMul(fMat[kMSkewY],   sx);
    fMat[kMPersp0] = SkScalarMul(fMat[kMPersp0], sx);

    fMat[kMSkewX] = SkScalarMul(fMat[kMSkewX],   sy);
    fMat[kMScaleY] = SkScalarMul(fMat[kMScaleY], sy);
    fMat[kMPersp1] = SkScalarMul(fMat[kMPersp1], sy);

    this->orTypeMask(kScale_Mask);
    return true;
#endif
}

bool SkMatrix::postScale(SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy, SkScalar px, SkScalar py) {
    if (SK_Scalar1 == sx && SK_Scalar1 == sy) {
        return true;
    }
    SkMatrix    m;
    m.setScale(sx, sy, px, py);
    return this->postConcat(m);
}

bool SkMatrix::postScale(SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy) {
    if (SK_Scalar1 == sx && SK_Scalar1 == sy) {
        return true;
    }
    SkMatrix    m;
    m.setScale(sx, sy);
    return this->postConcat(m);
}

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
    static inline SkFixed roundidiv(SkFixed numer, int denom) {
        int ns = numer >> 31;
        int ds = denom >> 31;
        numer = (numer ^ ns) - ns;
        denom = (denom ^ ds) - ds;

        SkFixed answer = (numer + (denom >> 1)) / denom;
        int as = ns ^ ds;
        return (answer ^ as) - as;
    }
#endif

// this guy perhaps can go away, if we have a fract/high-precision way to
// scale matrices
bool SkMatrix::postIDiv(int divx, int divy) {
    if (divx == 0 || divy == 0) {
        return false;
    }

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
    fMat[kMScaleX] = roundidiv(fMat[kMScaleX], divx);
    fMat[kMSkewX]  = roundidiv(fMat[kMSkewX],  divx);
    fMat[kMTransX] = roundidiv(fMat[kMTransX], divx);

    fMat[kMScaleY] = roundidiv(fMat[kMScaleY], divy);
    fMat[kMSkewY]  = roundidiv(fMat[kMSkewY],  divy);
    fMat[kMTransY] = roundidiv(fMat[kMTransY], divy);
#else
    const float invX = 1.f / divx;
    const float invY = 1.f / divy;

    fMat[kMScaleX] *= invX;
    fMat[kMSkewX]  *= invX;
    fMat[kMTransX] *= invX;

    fMat[kMScaleY] *= invY;
    fMat[kMSkewY]  *= invY;
    fMat[kMTransY] *= invY;
#endif

    this->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask);
    return true;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void SkMatrix::setSinCos(SkScalar sinV, SkScalar cosV,
                         SkScalar px, SkScalar py) {
    const SkScalar oneMinusCosV = SK_Scalar1 - cosV;

    fMat[kMScaleX]  = cosV;
    fMat[kMSkewX]   = -sinV;
    fMat[kMTransX]  = SkScalarMul(sinV, py) + SkScalarMul(oneMinusCosV, px);

    fMat[kMSkewY]   = sinV;
    fMat[kMScaleY]  = cosV;
    fMat[kMTransY]  = SkScalarMul(-sinV, px) + SkScalarMul(oneMinusCosV, py);

    fMat[kMPersp0] = fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;
    fMat[kMPersp2] = kMatrix22Elem;

    this->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask | kOnlyPerspectiveValid_Mask);
}

void SkMatrix::setSinCos(SkScalar sinV, SkScalar cosV) {
    fMat[kMScaleX]  = cosV;
    fMat[kMSkewX]   = -sinV;
    fMat[kMTransX]  = 0;

    fMat[kMSkewY]   = sinV;
    fMat[kMScaleY]  = cosV;
    fMat[kMTransY]  = 0;

    fMat[kMPersp0] = fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;
    fMat[kMPersp2] = kMatrix22Elem;

    this->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask | kOnlyPerspectiveValid_Mask);
}

void SkMatrix::setRotate(SkScalar degrees, SkScalar px, SkScalar py) {
    SkScalar sinV, cosV;
    sinV = SkScalarSinCos(SkDegreesToRadians(degrees), &cosV);
    this->setSinCos(sinV, cosV, px, py);
}

void SkMatrix::setRotate(SkScalar degrees) {
    SkScalar sinV, cosV;
    sinV = SkScalarSinCos(SkDegreesToRadians(degrees), &cosV);
    this->setSinCos(sinV, cosV);
}

bool SkMatrix::preRotate(SkScalar degrees, SkScalar px, SkScalar py) {
    SkMatrix    m;
    m.setRotate(degrees, px, py);
    return this->preConcat(m);
}

bool SkMatrix::preRotate(SkScalar degrees) {
    SkMatrix    m;
    m.setRotate(degrees);
    return this->preConcat(m);
}

bool SkMatrix::postRotate(SkScalar degrees, SkScalar px, SkScalar py) {
    SkMatrix    m;
    m.setRotate(degrees, px, py);
    return this->postConcat(m);
}

bool SkMatrix::postRotate(SkScalar degrees) {
    SkMatrix    m;
    m.setRotate(degrees);
    return this->postConcat(m);
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void SkMatrix::setSkew(SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy, SkScalar px, SkScalar py) {
    fMat[kMScaleX]  = SK_Scalar1;
    fMat[kMSkewX]   = sx;
    fMat[kMTransX]  = SkScalarMul(-sx, py);

    fMat[kMSkewY]   = sy;
    fMat[kMScaleY]  = SK_Scalar1;
    fMat[kMTransY]  = SkScalarMul(-sy, px);

    fMat[kMPersp0] = fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;
    fMat[kMPersp2] = kMatrix22Elem;

    this->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask | kOnlyPerspectiveValid_Mask);
}

void SkMatrix::setSkew(SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy) {
    fMat[kMScaleX]  = SK_Scalar1;
    fMat[kMSkewX]   = sx;
    fMat[kMTransX]  = 0;

    fMat[kMSkewY]   = sy;
    fMat[kMScaleY]  = SK_Scalar1;
    fMat[kMTransY]  = 0;

    fMat[kMPersp0] = fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;
    fMat[kMPersp2] = kMatrix22Elem;

    this->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask | kOnlyPerspectiveValid_Mask);
}

bool SkMatrix::preSkew(SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy, SkScalar px, SkScalar py) {
    SkMatrix    m;
    m.setSkew(sx, sy, px, py);
    return this->preConcat(m);
}

bool SkMatrix::preSkew(SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy) {
    SkMatrix    m;
    m.setSkew(sx, sy);
    return this->preConcat(m);
}

bool SkMatrix::postSkew(SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy, SkScalar px, SkScalar py) {
    SkMatrix    m;
    m.setSkew(sx, sy, px, py);
    return this->postConcat(m);
}

bool SkMatrix::postSkew(SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy) {
    SkMatrix    m;
    m.setSkew(sx, sy);
    return this->postConcat(m);
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

bool SkMatrix::setRectToRect(const SkRect& src, const SkRect& dst,
                             ScaleToFit align)
{
    if (src.isEmpty()) {
        this->reset();
        return false;
    }

    if (dst.isEmpty()) {
        sk_bzero(fMat, 8 * sizeof(SkScalar));
        this->setTypeMask(kScale_Mask | kRectStaysRect_Mask);
    } else {
        SkScalar    tx, sx = SkScalarDiv(dst.width(), src.width());
        SkScalar    ty, sy = SkScalarDiv(dst.height(), src.height());
        bool        xLarger = false;

        if (align != kFill_ScaleToFit) {
            if (sx > sy) {
                xLarger = true;
                sx = sy;
            } else {
                sy = sx;
            }
        }

        tx = dst.fLeft - SkScalarMul(src.fLeft, sx);
        ty = dst.fTop - SkScalarMul(src.fTop, sy);
        if (align == kCenter_ScaleToFit || align == kEnd_ScaleToFit) {
            SkScalar diff;

            if (xLarger) {
                diff = dst.width() - SkScalarMul(src.width(), sy);
            } else {
                diff = dst.height() - SkScalarMul(src.height(), sy);
            }

            if (align == kCenter_ScaleToFit) {
                diff = SkScalarHalf(diff);
            }

            if (xLarger) {
                tx += diff;
            } else {
                ty += diff;
            }
        }

        fMat[kMScaleX] = sx;
        fMat[kMScaleY] = sy;
        fMat[kMTransX] = tx;
        fMat[kMTransY] = ty;
        fMat[kMSkewX]  = fMat[kMSkewY] =
        fMat[kMPersp0] = fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;

        unsigned mask = kRectStaysRect_Mask;
        if (sx != SK_Scalar1 || sy != SK_Scalar1) {
            mask |= kScale_Mask;
        }
        if (tx || ty) {
            mask |= kTranslate_Mask;
        }
        this->setTypeMask(mask);
    }
    // shared cleanup
    fMat[kMPersp2] = kMatrix22Elem;
    return true;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FLOAT
    static inline int fixmuladdmul(float a, float b, float c, float d,
                                   float* result) {
        *result = SkDoubleToFloat((double)a * b + (double)c * d);
        return true;
    }

    static inline bool rowcol3(const float row[], const float col[],
                               float* result) {
        *result = row[0] * col[0] + row[1] * col[3] + row[2] * col[6];
        return true;
    }

    static inline int negifaddoverflows(float& result, float a, float b) {
        result = a + b;
        return 0;
    }
#else
    static inline bool fixmuladdmul(SkFixed a, SkFixed b, SkFixed c, SkFixed d,
                                    SkFixed* result) {
        Sk64    tmp1, tmp2;
        tmp1.setMul(a, b);
        tmp2.setMul(c, d);
        tmp1.add(tmp2);
        if (tmp1.isFixed()) {
            *result = tmp1.getFixed();
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    static inline SkFixed fracmuladdmul(SkFixed a, SkFract b, SkFixed c,
                                        SkFract d) {
        Sk64 tmp1, tmp2;
        tmp1.setMul(a, b);
        tmp2.setMul(c, d);
        tmp1.add(tmp2);
        return tmp1.getFract();
    }

    static inline bool rowcol3(const SkFixed row[], const SkFixed col[],
                               SkFixed* result) {
        Sk64 tmp1, tmp2;

        tmp1.setMul(row[0], col[0]);    // N * fixed
        tmp2.setMul(row[1], col[3]);    // N * fixed
        tmp1.add(tmp2);

        tmp2.setMul(row[2], col[6]);    // N * fract
        tmp2.roundRight(14);            // make it fixed
        tmp1.add(tmp2);

        if (tmp1.isFixed()) {
            *result = tmp1.getFixed();
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    static inline int negifaddoverflows(SkFixed& result, SkFixed a, SkFixed b) {
        SkFixed c = a + b;
        result = c;
        return (c ^ a) & (c ^ b);
    }
#endif

static void normalize_perspective(SkScalar mat[9]) {
    if (SkScalarAbs(mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp2]) > kMatrix22Elem) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
            mat[i] = SkScalarHalf(mat[i]);
    }
}

bool SkMatrix::setConcat(const SkMatrix& a, const SkMatrix& b) {
    TypeMask aType = a.getPerspectiveTypeMaskOnly();
    TypeMask bType = b.getPerspectiveTypeMaskOnly();

    if (a.isTriviallyIdentity()) {
        *this = b;
    } else if (b.isTriviallyIdentity()) {
        *this = a;
    } else {
        SkMatrix tmp;

        if ((aType | bType) & kPerspective_Mask) {
            if (!rowcol3(&a.fMat[0], &b.fMat[0], &tmp.fMat[kMScaleX])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (!rowcol3(&a.fMat[0], &b.fMat[1], &tmp.fMat[kMSkewX])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (!rowcol3(&a.fMat[0], &b.fMat[2], &tmp.fMat[kMTransX])) {
                return false;
            }

            if (!rowcol3(&a.fMat[3], &b.fMat[0], &tmp.fMat[kMSkewY])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (!rowcol3(&a.fMat[3], &b.fMat[1], &tmp.fMat[kMScaleY])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (!rowcol3(&a.fMat[3], &b.fMat[2], &tmp.fMat[kMTransY])) {
                return false;
            }

            if (!rowcol3(&a.fMat[6], &b.fMat[0], &tmp.fMat[kMPersp0])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (!rowcol3(&a.fMat[6], &b.fMat[1], &tmp.fMat[kMPersp1])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (!rowcol3(&a.fMat[6], &b.fMat[2], &tmp.fMat[kMPersp2])) {
                return false;
            }

            normalize_perspective(tmp.fMat);
            tmp.setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask);
        } else {    // not perspective
            if (!fixmuladdmul(a.fMat[kMScaleX], b.fMat[kMScaleX],
                    a.fMat[kMSkewX], b.fMat[kMSkewY], &tmp.fMat[kMScaleX])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (!fixmuladdmul(a.fMat[kMScaleX], b.fMat[kMSkewX],
                      a.fMat[kMSkewX], b.fMat[kMScaleY], &tmp.fMat[kMSkewX])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (!fixmuladdmul(a.fMat[kMScaleX], b.fMat[kMTransX],
                      a.fMat[kMSkewX], b.fMat[kMTransY], &tmp.fMat[kMTransX])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (negifaddoverflows(tmp.fMat[kMTransX], tmp.fMat[kMTransX],
                                  a.fMat[kMTransX]) < 0) {
                return false;
            }

            if (!fixmuladdmul(a.fMat[kMSkewY], b.fMat[kMScaleX],
                      a.fMat[kMScaleY], b.fMat[kMSkewY], &tmp.fMat[kMSkewY])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (!fixmuladdmul(a.fMat[kMSkewY], b.fMat[kMSkewX],
                    a.fMat[kMScaleY], b.fMat[kMScaleY], &tmp.fMat[kMScaleY])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (!fixmuladdmul(a.fMat[kMSkewY], b.fMat[kMTransX],
                     a.fMat[kMScaleY], b.fMat[kMTransY], &tmp.fMat[kMTransY])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (negifaddoverflows(tmp.fMat[kMTransY], tmp.fMat[kMTransY],
                                  a.fMat[kMTransY]) < 0) {
                return false;
            }

            tmp.fMat[kMPersp0] = tmp.fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;
            tmp.fMat[kMPersp2] = kMatrix22Elem;
            //SkDebugf("Concat mat non-persp type: %d\n", tmp.getType());
            //SkASSERT(!(tmp.getType() & kPerspective_Mask));
            tmp.setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask | kOnlyPerspectiveValid_Mask);
        }
        *this = tmp;
    }
    return true;
}

bool SkMatrix::preConcat(const SkMatrix& mat) {
    // check for identity first, so we don't do a needless copy of ourselves
    // to ourselves inside setConcat()
    return mat.isIdentity() || this->setConcat(*this, mat);
}

bool SkMatrix::postConcat(const SkMatrix& mat) {
    // check for identity first, so we don't do a needless copy of ourselves
    // to ourselves inside setConcat()
    return mat.isIdentity() || this->setConcat(mat, *this);
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/*  Matrix inversion is very expensive, but also the place where keeping
    precision may be most important (here and matrix concat). Hence to avoid
    bitmap blitting artifacts when walking the inverse, we use doubles for
    the intermediate math, even though we know that is more expensive.
    The fixed counter part is us using Sk64 for temp calculations.
 */

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FLOAT
    typedef double SkDetScalar;
    #define SkPerspMul(a, b)            SkScalarMul(a, b)
    #define SkScalarMulShift(a, b, s)   SkDoubleToFloat((a) * (b))
    static double sk_inv_determinant(const float mat[9], int isPerspective,
                                    int* /* (only used in Fixed case) */) {
        double det;

        if (isPerspective) {
            det =   mat[SkMatrix::kMScaleX] * ((double)mat[SkMatrix::kMScaleY] * mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp2] - (double)mat[SkMatrix::kMTransY] * mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp1]) +
                    mat[SkMatrix::kMSkewX] * ((double)mat[SkMatrix::kMTransY] * mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp0] - (double)mat[SkMatrix::kMSkewY] * mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp2]) +
                    mat[SkMatrix::kMTransX] * ((double)mat[SkMatrix::kMSkewY] * mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp1] - (double)mat[SkMatrix::kMScaleY] * mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp0]);
        } else {
            det =   (double)mat[SkMatrix::kMScaleX] * mat[SkMatrix::kMScaleY] - (double)mat[SkMatrix::kMSkewX] * mat[SkMatrix::kMSkewY];
        }

        // Since the determinant is on the order of the cube of the matrix members,
        // compare to the cube of the default nearly-zero constant (although an
        // estimate of the condition number would be better if it wasn't so expensive).
        if (SkScalarNearlyZero((float)det, SK_ScalarNearlyZero * SK_ScalarNearlyZero * SK_ScalarNearlyZero)) {
            return 0;
        }
        return 1.0 / det;
    }
    // we declar a,b,c,d to all be doubles, because we want to perform
    // double-precision muls and subtract, even though the original values are
    // from the matrix, which are floats.
    static float inline mul_diff_scale(double a, double b, double c, double d,
                                       double scale) {
        return SkDoubleToFloat((a * b - c * d) * scale);
    }
#else
    typedef SkFixed SkDetScalar;
    #define SkPerspMul(a, b)            SkFractMul(a, b)
    #define SkScalarMulShift(a, b, s)   SkMulShift(a, b, s)
    static void set_muladdmul(Sk64* dst, int32_t a, int32_t b, int32_t c,
                              int32_t d) {
        Sk64 tmp;
        dst->setMul(a, b);
        tmp.setMul(c, d);
        dst->add(tmp);
    }

    static SkFixed sk_inv_determinant(const SkFixed mat[9], int isPerspective,
                                      int* shift) {
        Sk64    tmp1, tmp2;

        if (isPerspective) {
            tmp1.setMul(mat[SkMatrix::kMScaleX], fracmuladdmul(mat[SkMatrix::kMScaleY], mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp2], -mat[SkMatrix::kMTransY], mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp1]));
            tmp2.setMul(mat[SkMatrix::kMSkewX], fracmuladdmul(mat[SkMatrix::kMTransY], mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp0], -mat[SkMatrix::kMSkewY], mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp2]));
            tmp1.add(tmp2);
            tmp2.setMul(mat[SkMatrix::kMTransX], fracmuladdmul(mat[SkMatrix::kMSkewY], mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp1], -mat[SkMatrix::kMScaleY], mat[SkMatrix::kMPersp0]));
            tmp1.add(tmp2);
        } else {
            tmp1.setMul(mat[SkMatrix::kMScaleX], mat[SkMatrix::kMScaleY]);
            tmp2.setMul(mat[SkMatrix::kMSkewX], mat[SkMatrix::kMSkewY]);
            tmp1.sub(tmp2);
        }

        int s = tmp1.getClzAbs();
        *shift = s;

        SkFixed denom;
        if (s <= 32) {
            denom = tmp1.getShiftRight(33 - s);
        } else {
            denom = (int32_t)tmp1.fLo << (s - 33);
        }

        if (denom == 0) {
            return 0;
        }
        /** This could perhaps be a special fractdiv function, since both of its
            arguments are known to have bit 31 clear and bit 30 set (when they
            are made positive), thus eliminating the need for calling clz()
        */
        return SkFractDiv(SK_Fract1, denom);
    }
#endif

void SkMatrix::SetAffineIdentity(SkScalar affine[6]) {
    affine[kAScaleX] = SK_Scalar1;
    affine[kASkewY] = 0;
    affine[kASkewX] = 0;
    affine[kAScaleY] = SK_Scalar1;
    affine[kATransX] = 0;
    affine[kATransY] = 0;
}

bool SkMatrix::asAffine(SkScalar affine[6]) const {
    if (this->hasPerspective()) {
        return false;
    }
    if (affine) {
        affine[kAScaleX] = this->fMat[kMScaleX];
        affine[kASkewY] = this->fMat[kMSkewY];
        affine[kASkewX] = this->fMat[kMSkewX];
        affine[kAScaleY] = this->fMat[kMScaleY];
        affine[kATransX] = this->fMat[kMTransX];
        affine[kATransY] = this->fMat[kMTransY];
    }
    return true;
}

bool SkMatrix::invertNonIdentity(SkMatrix* inv) const {
    SkASSERT(!this->isIdentity());

    TypeMask mask = this->getType();

    if (0 == (mask & ~(kScale_Mask | kTranslate_Mask))) {
        bool invertible = true;
        if (inv) {
            if (mask & kScale_Mask) {
                SkScalar invX = fMat[kMScaleX];
                SkScalar invY = fMat[kMScaleY];
                if (0 == invX || 0 == invY) {
                    return false;
                }
                invX = SkScalarInvert(invX);
                invY = SkScalarInvert(invY);

                // Must be careful when writing to inv, since it may be the
                // same memory as this.

                inv->fMat[kMSkewX] = inv->fMat[kMSkewY] =
                inv->fMat[kMPersp0] = inv->fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;

                inv->fMat[kMScaleX] = invX;
                inv->fMat[kMScaleY] = invY;
                inv->fMat[kMPersp2] = kMatrix22Elem;
                inv->fMat[kMTransX] = -SkScalarMul(fMat[kMTransX], invX);
                inv->fMat[kMTransY] = -SkScalarMul(fMat[kMTransY], invY);

                inv->setTypeMask(mask | kRectStaysRect_Mask);
            } else {
                // translate only
                inv->setTranslate(-fMat[kMTransX], -fMat[kMTransY]);
            }
        } else {    // inv is NULL, just check if we're invertible
            if (!fMat[kMScaleX] || !fMat[kMScaleY]) {
                invertible = false;
            }
        }
        return invertible;
    }

    int         isPersp = mask & kPerspective_Mask;
    int         shift;
    SkDetScalar scale = sk_inv_determinant(fMat, isPersp, &shift);

    if (scale == 0) { // underflow
        return false;
    }

    if (inv) {
        SkMatrix tmp;
        if (inv == this) {
            inv = &tmp;
        }

        if (isPersp) {
            shift = 61 - shift;
            inv->fMat[kMScaleX] = SkScalarMulShift(SkPerspMul(fMat[kMScaleY], fMat[kMPersp2]) - SkPerspMul(fMat[kMTransY], fMat[kMPersp1]), scale, shift);
            inv->fMat[kMSkewX]  = SkScalarMulShift(SkPerspMul(fMat[kMTransX], fMat[kMPersp1]) - SkPerspMul(fMat[kMSkewX],  fMat[kMPersp2]), scale, shift);
            inv->fMat[kMTransX] = SkScalarMulShift(SkScalarMul(fMat[kMSkewX], fMat[kMTransY]) - SkScalarMul(fMat[kMTransX], fMat[kMScaleY]), scale, shift);

            inv->fMat[kMSkewY]  = SkScalarMulShift(SkPerspMul(fMat[kMTransY], fMat[kMPersp0]) - SkPerspMul(fMat[kMSkewY],   fMat[kMPersp2]), scale, shift);
            inv->fMat[kMScaleY] = SkScalarMulShift(SkPerspMul(fMat[kMScaleX], fMat[kMPersp2]) - SkPerspMul(fMat[kMTransX],  fMat[kMPersp0]), scale, shift);
            inv->fMat[kMTransY] = SkScalarMulShift(SkScalarMul(fMat[kMTransX], fMat[kMSkewY]) - SkScalarMul(fMat[kMScaleX], fMat[kMTransY]), scale, shift);

            inv->fMat[kMPersp0] = SkScalarMulShift(SkScalarMul(fMat[kMSkewY], fMat[kMPersp1]) - SkScalarMul(fMat[kMScaleY], fMat[kMPersp0]), scale, shift);
            inv->fMat[kMPersp1] = SkScalarMulShift(SkScalarMul(fMat[kMSkewX], fMat[kMPersp0]) - SkScalarMul(fMat[kMScaleX], fMat[kMPersp1]), scale, shift);
            inv->fMat[kMPersp2] = SkScalarMulShift(SkScalarMul(fMat[kMScaleX], fMat[kMScaleY]) - SkScalarMul(fMat[kMSkewX], fMat[kMSkewY]), scale, shift);
#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
            if (SkAbs32(inv->fMat[kMPersp2]) > SK_Fixed1) {
                Sk64    tmp;

                tmp.set(SK_Fract1);
                tmp.shiftLeft(16);
                tmp.div(inv->fMat[kMPersp2], Sk64::kRound_DivOption);

                SkFract scale = tmp.get32();

                for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
                    inv->fMat[i] = SkFractMul(inv->fMat[i], scale);
                }
            }
            inv->fMat[kMPersp2] = SkFixedToFract(inv->fMat[kMPersp2]);
#endif
        } else {   // not perspective
#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
            Sk64    tx, ty;
            int     clzNumer;

            // check the 2x2 for overflow
            {
                int32_t value = SkAbs32(fMat[kMScaleY]);
                value |= SkAbs32(fMat[kMSkewX]);
                value |= SkAbs32(fMat[kMScaleX]);
                value |= SkAbs32(fMat[kMSkewY]);
                clzNumer = SkCLZ(value);
                if (shift - clzNumer > 31)
                    return false;   // overflow
            }

            set_muladdmul(&tx, fMat[kMSkewX], fMat[kMTransY], -fMat[kMScaleY], fMat[kMTransX]);
            set_muladdmul(&ty, fMat[kMSkewY], fMat[kMTransX], -fMat[kMScaleX], fMat[kMTransY]);
            // check tx,ty for overflow
            clzNumer = SkCLZ(SkAbs32(tx.fHi) | SkAbs32(ty.fHi));
            if (shift - clzNumer > 14) {
                return false;   // overflow
            }

            int fixedShift = 61 - shift;
            int sk64shift = 44 - shift + clzNumer;

            inv->fMat[kMScaleX] = SkMulShift(fMat[kMScaleY], scale, fixedShift);
            inv->fMat[kMSkewX]  = SkMulShift(-fMat[kMSkewX], scale, fixedShift);
            inv->fMat[kMTransX] = SkMulShift(tx.getShiftRight(33 - clzNumer), scale, sk64shift);

            inv->fMat[kMSkewY]  = SkMulShift(-fMat[kMSkewY], scale, fixedShift);
            inv->fMat[kMScaleY] = SkMulShift(fMat[kMScaleX], scale, fixedShift);
            inv->fMat[kMTransY] = SkMulShift(ty.getShiftRight(33 - clzNumer), scale, sk64shift);
#else
            inv->fMat[kMScaleX] = SkDoubleToFloat(fMat[kMScaleY] * scale);
            inv->fMat[kMSkewX] = SkDoubleToFloat(-fMat[kMSkewX] * scale);
            inv->fMat[kMTransX] = mul_diff_scale(fMat[kMSkewX], fMat[kMTransY],
                                     fMat[kMScaleY], fMat[kMTransX], scale);

            inv->fMat[kMSkewY] = SkDoubleToFloat(-fMat[kMSkewY] * scale);
            inv->fMat[kMScaleY] = SkDoubleToFloat(fMat[kMScaleX] * scale);
            inv->fMat[kMTransY] = mul_diff_scale(fMat[kMSkewY], fMat[kMTransX],
                                        fMat[kMScaleX], fMat[kMTransY], scale);
#endif
            inv->fMat[kMPersp0] = 0;
            inv->fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;
            inv->fMat[kMPersp2] = kMatrix22Elem;

        }

        inv->setTypeMask(fTypeMask);

        if (inv == &tmp) {
            *(SkMatrix*)this = tmp;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void SkMatrix::Identity_pts(const SkMatrix& m, SkPoint dst[],
                            const SkPoint src[], int count) {
    SkASSERT(m.getType() == 0);

    if (dst != src && count > 0)
        memcpy(dst, src, count * sizeof(SkPoint));
}

void SkMatrix::Trans_pts(const SkMatrix& m, SkPoint dst[],
                         const SkPoint src[], int count) {
    SkASSERT(m.getType() == kTranslate_Mask);

    if (count > 0) {
        SkScalar tx = m.fMat[kMTransX];
        SkScalar ty = m.fMat[kMTransY];
        do {
            dst->fY = src->fY + ty;
            dst->fX = src->fX + tx;
            src += 1;
            dst += 1;
        } while (--count);
    }
}

void SkMatrix::Scale_pts(const SkMatrix& m, SkPoint dst[],
                         const SkPoint src[], int count) {
    SkASSERT(m.getType() == kScale_Mask);

    if (count > 0) {
        SkScalar mx = m.fMat[kMScaleX];
        SkScalar my = m.fMat[kMScaleY];
        do {
            dst->fY = SkScalarMul(src->fY, my);
            dst->fX = SkScalarMul(src->fX, mx);
            src += 1;
            dst += 1;
        } while (--count);
    }
}

void SkMatrix::ScaleTrans_pts(const SkMatrix& m, SkPoint dst[],
                              const SkPoint src[], int count) {
    SkASSERT(m.getType() == (kScale_Mask | kTranslate_Mask));

    if (count > 0) {
        SkScalar mx = m.fMat[kMScaleX];
        SkScalar my = m.fMat[kMScaleY];
        SkScalar tx = m.fMat[kMTransX];
        SkScalar ty = m.fMat[kMTransY];
        do {
            dst->fY = SkScalarMulAdd(src->fY, my, ty);
            dst->fX = SkScalarMulAdd(src->fX, mx, tx);
            src += 1;
            dst += 1;
        } while (--count);
    }
}

void SkMatrix::Rot_pts(const SkMatrix& m, SkPoint dst[],
                       const SkPoint src[], int count) {
    SkASSERT((m.getType() & (kPerspective_Mask | kTranslate_Mask)) == 0);

    if (count > 0) {
        SkScalar mx = m.fMat[kMScaleX];
        SkScalar my = m.fMat[kMScaleY];
        SkScalar kx = m.fMat[kMSkewX];
        SkScalar ky = m.fMat[kMSkewY];
        do {
            SkScalar sy = src->fY;
            SkScalar sx = src->fX;
            src += 1;
            dst->fY = SkScalarMul(sx, ky) + SkScalarMul(sy, my);
            dst->fX = SkScalarMul(sx, mx) + SkScalarMul(sy, kx);
            dst += 1;
        } while (--count);
    }
}

void SkMatrix::RotTrans_pts(const SkMatrix& m, SkPoint dst[],
                            const SkPoint src[], int count) {
    SkASSERT(!m.hasPerspective());

    if (count > 0) {
        SkScalar mx = m.fMat[kMScaleX];
        SkScalar my = m.fMat[kMScaleY];
        SkScalar kx = m.fMat[kMSkewX];
        SkScalar ky = m.fMat[kMSkewY];
        SkScalar tx = m.fMat[kMTransX];
        SkScalar ty = m.fMat[kMTransY];
        do {
            SkScalar sy = src->fY;
            SkScalar sx = src->fX;
            src += 1;
            dst->fY = SkScalarMul(sx, ky) + SkScalarMulAdd(sy, my, ty);
            dst->fX = SkScalarMul(sx, mx) + SkScalarMulAdd(sy, kx, tx);
            dst += 1;
        } while (--count);
    }
}

void SkMatrix::Persp_pts(const SkMatrix& m, SkPoint dst[],
                         const SkPoint src[], int count) {
    SkASSERT(m.hasPerspective());

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
    SkFixed persp2 = SkFractToFixed(m.fMat[kMPersp2]);
#endif

    if (count > 0) {
        do {
            SkScalar sy = src->fY;
            SkScalar sx = src->fX;
            src += 1;

            SkScalar x = SkScalarMul(sx, m.fMat[kMScaleX]) +
                         SkScalarMul(sy, m.fMat[kMSkewX]) + m.fMat[kMTransX];
            SkScalar y = SkScalarMul(sx, m.fMat[kMSkewY]) +
                         SkScalarMul(sy, m.fMat[kMScaleY]) + m.fMat[kMTransY];
#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
            SkFixed z = SkFractMul(sx, m.fMat[kMPersp0]) +
                        SkFractMul(sy, m.fMat[kMPersp1]) + persp2;
#else
            float z = SkScalarMul(sx, m.fMat[kMPersp0]) +
                      SkScalarMulAdd(sy, m.fMat[kMPersp1], m.fMat[kMPersp2]);
#endif
            if (z) {
                z = SkScalarFastInvert(z);
            }

            dst->fY = SkScalarMul(y, z);
            dst->fX = SkScalarMul(x, z);
            dst += 1;
        } while (--count);
    }
}

const SkMatrix::MapPtsProc SkMatrix::gMapPtsProcs[] = {
    SkMatrix::Identity_pts, SkMatrix::Trans_pts,
    SkMatrix::Scale_pts,    SkMatrix::ScaleTrans_pts,
    SkMatrix::Rot_pts,      SkMatrix::RotTrans_pts,
    SkMatrix::Rot_pts,      SkMatrix::RotTrans_pts,
    // repeat the persp proc 8 times
    SkMatrix::Persp_pts,    SkMatrix::Persp_pts,
    SkMatrix::Persp_pts,    SkMatrix::Persp_pts,
    SkMatrix::Persp_pts,    SkMatrix::Persp_pts,
    SkMatrix::Persp_pts,    SkMatrix::Persp_pts
};

void SkMatrix::mapPoints(SkPoint dst[], const SkPoint src[], int count) const {
    SkASSERT((dst && src && count > 0) || count == 0);
    // no partial overlap
    SkASSERT(src == dst || SkAbs32((int32_t)(src - dst)) >= count);

    this->getMapPtsProc()(*this, dst, src, count);
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void SkMatrix::mapVectors(SkPoint dst[], const SkPoint src[], int count) const {
    if (this->hasPerspective()) {
        SkPoint origin;

        MapXYProc proc = this->getMapXYProc();
        proc(*this, 0, 0, &origin);

        for (int i = count - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            SkPoint tmp;

            proc(*this, src[i].fX, src[i].fY, &tmp);
            dst[i].set(tmp.fX - origin.fX, tmp.fY - origin.fY);
        }
    } else {
        SkMatrix tmp = *this;

        tmp.fMat[kMTransX] = tmp.fMat[kMTransY] = 0;
        tmp.clearTypeMask(kTranslate_Mask);
        tmp.mapPoints(dst, src, count);
    }
}

bool SkMatrix::mapRect(SkRect* dst, const SkRect& src) const {
    SkASSERT(dst && &src);

    if (this->rectStaysRect()) {
        this->mapPoints((SkPoint*)dst, (const SkPoint*)&src, 2);
        dst->sort();
        return true;
    } else {
        SkPoint quad[4];

        src.toQuad(quad);
        this->mapPoints(quad, quad, 4);
        dst->set(quad, 4);
        return false;
    }
}

SkScalar SkMatrix::mapRadius(SkScalar radius) const {
    SkVector    vec[2];

    vec[0].set(radius, 0);
    vec[1].set(0, radius);
    this->mapVectors(vec, 2);

    SkScalar d0 = vec[0].length();
    SkScalar d1 = vec[1].length();

    return SkScalarMean(d0, d1);
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void SkMatrix::Persp_xy(const SkMatrix& m, SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy,
                        SkPoint* pt) {
    SkASSERT(m.hasPerspective());

    SkScalar x = SkScalarMul(sx, m.fMat[kMScaleX]) +
                 SkScalarMul(sy, m.fMat[kMSkewX]) + m.fMat[kMTransX];
    SkScalar y = SkScalarMul(sx, m.fMat[kMSkewY]) +
                 SkScalarMul(sy, m.fMat[kMScaleY]) + m.fMat[kMTransY];
#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
    SkFixed z = SkFractMul(sx, m.fMat[kMPersp0]) +
                SkFractMul(sy, m.fMat[kMPersp1]) +
                SkFractToFixed(m.fMat[kMPersp2]);
#else
    float z = SkScalarMul(sx, m.fMat[kMPersp0]) +
              SkScalarMul(sy, m.fMat[kMPersp1]) + m.fMat[kMPersp2];
#endif
    if (z) {
        z = SkScalarFastInvert(z);
    }
    pt->fX = SkScalarMul(x, z);
    pt->fY = SkScalarMul(y, z);
}

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
static SkFixed fixmuladdmul(SkFixed a, SkFixed b, SkFixed c, SkFixed d) {
    Sk64    tmp, tmp1;

    tmp.setMul(a, b);
    tmp1.setMul(c, d);
    return tmp.addGetFixed(tmp1);
//  tmp.add(tmp1);
//  return tmp.getFixed();
}
#endif

void SkMatrix::RotTrans_xy(const SkMatrix& m, SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy,
                           SkPoint* pt) {
    SkASSERT((m.getType() & (kAffine_Mask | kPerspective_Mask)) == kAffine_Mask);

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
    pt->fX = fixmuladdmul(sx, m.fMat[kMScaleX], sy, m.fMat[kMSkewX]) +
             m.fMat[kMTransX];
    pt->fY = fixmuladdmul(sx, m.fMat[kMSkewY], sy, m.fMat[kMScaleY]) +
             m.fMat[kMTransY];
#else
    pt->fX = SkScalarMul(sx, m.fMat[kMScaleX]) +
             SkScalarMulAdd(sy, m.fMat[kMSkewX], m.fMat[kMTransX]);
    pt->fY = SkScalarMul(sx, m.fMat[kMSkewY]) +
             SkScalarMulAdd(sy, m.fMat[kMScaleY], m.fMat[kMTransY]);
#endif
}

void SkMatrix::Rot_xy(const SkMatrix& m, SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy,
                      SkPoint* pt) {
    SkASSERT((m.getType() & (kAffine_Mask | kPerspective_Mask))== kAffine_Mask);
    SkASSERT(0 == m.fMat[kMTransX]);
    SkASSERT(0 == m.fMat[kMTransY]);

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
    pt->fX = fixmuladdmul(sx, m.fMat[kMScaleX], sy, m.fMat[kMSkewX]);
    pt->fY = fixmuladdmul(sx, m.fMat[kMSkewY], sy, m.fMat[kMScaleY]);
#else
    pt->fX = SkScalarMul(sx, m.fMat[kMScaleX]) +
             SkScalarMulAdd(sy, m.fMat[kMSkewX], m.fMat[kMTransX]);
    pt->fY = SkScalarMul(sx, m.fMat[kMSkewY]) +
             SkScalarMulAdd(sy, m.fMat[kMScaleY], m.fMat[kMTransY]);
#endif
}

void SkMatrix::ScaleTrans_xy(const SkMatrix& m, SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy,
                             SkPoint* pt) {
    SkASSERT((m.getType() & (kScale_Mask | kAffine_Mask | kPerspective_Mask))
             == kScale_Mask);

    pt->fX = SkScalarMulAdd(sx, m.fMat[kMScaleX], m.fMat[kMTransX]);
    pt->fY = SkScalarMulAdd(sy, m.fMat[kMScaleY], m.fMat[kMTransY]);
}

void SkMatrix::Scale_xy(const SkMatrix& m, SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy,
                        SkPoint* pt) {
    SkASSERT((m.getType() & (kScale_Mask | kAffine_Mask | kPerspective_Mask))
             == kScale_Mask);
    SkASSERT(0 == m.fMat[kMTransX]);
    SkASSERT(0 == m.fMat[kMTransY]);

    pt->fX = SkScalarMul(sx, m.fMat[kMScaleX]);
    pt->fY = SkScalarMul(sy, m.fMat[kMScaleY]);
}

void SkMatrix::Trans_xy(const SkMatrix& m, SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy,
                        SkPoint* pt) {
    SkASSERT(m.getType() == kTranslate_Mask);

    pt->fX = sx + m.fMat[kMTransX];
    pt->fY = sy + m.fMat[kMTransY];
}

void SkMatrix::Identity_xy(const SkMatrix& m, SkScalar sx, SkScalar sy,
                           SkPoint* pt) {
    SkASSERT(0 == m.getType());

    pt->fX = sx;
    pt->fY = sy;
}

const SkMatrix::MapXYProc SkMatrix::gMapXYProcs[] = {
    SkMatrix::Identity_xy, SkMatrix::Trans_xy,
    SkMatrix::Scale_xy,    SkMatrix::ScaleTrans_xy,
    SkMatrix::Rot_xy,      SkMatrix::RotTrans_xy,
    SkMatrix::Rot_xy,      SkMatrix::RotTrans_xy,
    // repeat the persp proc 8 times
    SkMatrix::Persp_xy,    SkMatrix::Persp_xy,
    SkMatrix::Persp_xy,    SkMatrix::Persp_xy,
    SkMatrix::Persp_xy,    SkMatrix::Persp_xy,
    SkMatrix::Persp_xy,    SkMatrix::Persp_xy
};

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// if its nearly zero (just made up 26, perhaps it should be bigger or smaller)
#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
    typedef SkFract             SkPerspElemType;
    #define PerspNearlyZero(x)  (SkAbs32(x) < (SK_Fract1 >> 26))
#else
    typedef float               SkPerspElemType;
    #define PerspNearlyZero(x)  SkScalarNearlyZero(x, (1.0f / (1 << 26)))
#endif

bool SkMatrix::fixedStepInX(SkScalar y, SkFixed* stepX, SkFixed* stepY) const {
    if (PerspNearlyZero(fMat[kMPersp0])) {
        if (stepX || stepY) {
            if (PerspNearlyZero(fMat[kMPersp1]) &&
                    PerspNearlyZero(fMat[kMPersp2] - kMatrix22Elem)) {
                if (stepX) {
                    *stepX = SkScalarToFixed(fMat[kMScaleX]);
                }
                if (stepY) {
                    *stepY = SkScalarToFixed(fMat[kMSkewY]);
                }
            } else {
#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED
                SkFixed z = SkFractMul(y, fMat[kMPersp1]) +
                            SkFractToFixed(fMat[kMPersp2]);
#else
                float z = y * fMat[kMPersp1] + fMat[kMPersp2];
#endif
                if (stepX) {
                    *stepX = SkScalarToFixed(SkScalarDiv(fMat[kMScaleX], z));
                }
                if (stepY) {
                    *stepY = SkScalarToFixed(SkScalarDiv(fMat[kMSkewY], z));
                }
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#include "SkPerspIter.h"

SkPerspIter::SkPerspIter(const SkMatrix& m, SkScalar x0, SkScalar y0, int count)
        : fMatrix(m), fSX(x0), fSY(y0), fCount(count) {
    SkPoint pt;

    SkMatrix::Persp_xy(m, x0, y0, &pt);
    fX = SkScalarToFixed(pt.fX);
    fY = SkScalarToFixed(pt.fY);
}

int SkPerspIter::next() {
    int n = fCount;

    if (0 == n) {
        return 0;
    }
    SkPoint pt;
    SkFixed x = fX;
    SkFixed y = fY;
    SkFixed dx, dy;

    if (n >= kCount) {
        n = kCount;
        fSX += SkIntToScalar(kCount);
        SkMatrix::Persp_xy(fMatrix, fSX, fSY, &pt);
        fX = SkScalarToFixed(pt.fX);
        fY = SkScalarToFixed(pt.fY);
        dx = (fX - x) >> kShift;
        dy = (fY - y) >> kShift;
    } else {
        fSX += SkIntToScalar(n);
        SkMatrix::Persp_xy(fMatrix, fSX, fSY, &pt);
        fX = SkScalarToFixed(pt.fX);
        fY = SkScalarToFixed(pt.fY);
        dx = (fX - x) / n;
        dy = (fY - y) / n;
    }

    SkFixed* p = fStorage;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        *p++ = x; x += dx;
        *p++ = y; y += dy;
    }

    fCount -= n;
    return n;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FIXED

static inline bool poly_to_point(SkPoint* pt, const SkPoint poly[], int count) {
    SkFixed x = SK_Fixed1, y = SK_Fixed1;
    SkPoint pt1, pt2;
    Sk64    w1, w2;

    if (count > 1) {
        pt1.fX = poly[1].fX - poly[0].fX;
        pt1.fY = poly[1].fY - poly[0].fY;
        y = SkPoint::Length(pt1.fX, pt1.fY);
        if (y == 0) {
            return false;
        }
        switch (count) {
            case 2:
                break;
            case 3:
                pt2.fX = poly[0].fY - poly[2].fY;
                pt2.fY = poly[2].fX - poly[0].fX;
                goto CALC_X;
            default:
                pt2.fX = poly[0].fY - poly[3].fY;
                pt2.fY = poly[3].fX - poly[0].fX;
            CALC_X:
                w1.setMul(pt1.fX, pt2.fX);
                w2.setMul(pt1.fY, pt2.fY);
                w1.add(w2);
                w1.div(y, Sk64::kRound_DivOption);
                if (!w1.is32()) {
                    return false;
                }
                x = w1.get32();
                break;
        }
    }
    pt->set(x, y);
    return true;
}

bool SkMatrix::Poly2Proc(const SkPoint srcPt[], SkMatrix* dst,
                         const SkPoint& scalePt) {
    // need to check if SkFixedDiv overflows...

    const SkFixed scale = scalePt.fY;
    dst->fMat[kMScaleX] = SkFixedDiv(srcPt[1].fY - srcPt[0].fY, scale);
    dst->fMat[kMSkewY]  = SkFixedDiv(srcPt[0].fX - srcPt[1].fX, scale);
    dst->fMat[kMPersp0] = 0;
    dst->fMat[kMSkewX]  = SkFixedDiv(srcPt[1].fX - srcPt[0].fX, scale);
    dst->fMat[kMScaleY] = SkFixedDiv(srcPt[1].fY - srcPt[0].fY, scale);
    dst->fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;
    dst->fMat[kMTransX] = srcPt[0].fX;
    dst->fMat[kMTransY] = srcPt[0].fY;
    dst->fMat[kMPersp2] = SK_Fract1;
    dst->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask);
    return true;
}

bool SkMatrix::Poly3Proc(const SkPoint srcPt[], SkMatrix* dst,
                         const SkPoint& scale) {
    // really, need to check if SkFixedDiv overflow'd

    dst->fMat[kMScaleX] = SkFixedDiv(srcPt[2].fX - srcPt[0].fX, scale.fX);
    dst->fMat[kMSkewY]  = SkFixedDiv(srcPt[2].fY - srcPt[0].fY, scale.fX);
    dst->fMat[kMPersp0] = 0;
    dst->fMat[kMSkewX]  = SkFixedDiv(srcPt[1].fX - srcPt[0].fX, scale.fY);
    dst->fMat[kMScaleY] = SkFixedDiv(srcPt[1].fY - srcPt[0].fY, scale.fY);
    dst->fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;
    dst->fMat[kMTransX] = srcPt[0].fX;
    dst->fMat[kMTransY] = srcPt[0].fY;
    dst->fMat[kMPersp2] = SK_Fract1;
    dst->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask);
    return true;
}

bool SkMatrix::Poly4Proc(const SkPoint srcPt[], SkMatrix* dst,
                         const SkPoint& scale) {
    SkFract a1, a2;
    SkFixed x0, y0, x1, y1, x2, y2;

    x0 = srcPt[2].fX - srcPt[0].fX;
    y0 = srcPt[2].fY - srcPt[0].fY;
    x1 = srcPt[2].fX - srcPt[1].fX;
    y1 = srcPt[2].fY - srcPt[1].fY;
    x2 = srcPt[2].fX - srcPt[3].fX;
    y2 = srcPt[2].fY - srcPt[3].fY;

    /* check if abs(x2) > abs(y2) */
    if ( x2 > 0 ? y2 > 0 ? x2 > y2 : x2 > -y2 : y2 > 0 ? -x2 > y2 : x2 < y2) {
        SkFixed denom = SkMulDiv(x1, y2, x2) - y1;
        if (0 == denom) {
            return false;
        }
        a1 = SkFractDiv(SkMulDiv(x0 - x1, y2, x2) - y0 + y1, denom);
    } else {
        SkFixed denom = x1 - SkMulDiv(y1, x2, y2);
        if (0 == denom) {
            return false;
        }
        a1 = SkFractDiv(x0 - x1 - SkMulDiv(y0 - y1, x2, y2), denom);
    }

    /* check if abs(x1) > abs(y1) */
    if ( x1 > 0 ? y1 > 0 ? x1 > y1 : x1 > -y1 : y1 > 0 ? -x1 > y1 : x1 < y1) {
        SkFixed denom = y2 - SkMulDiv(x2, y1, x1);
        if (0 == denom) {
            return false;
        }
        a2 = SkFractDiv(y0 - y2 - SkMulDiv(x0 - x2, y1, x1), denom);
    } else {
        SkFixed denom = SkMulDiv(y2, x1, y1) - x2;
        if (0 == denom) {
            return false;
        }
        a2 = SkFractDiv(SkMulDiv(y0 - y2, x1, y1) - x0 + x2, denom);
    }

    // need to check if SkFixedDiv overflows...
    dst->fMat[kMScaleX] = SkFixedDiv(SkFractMul(a2, srcPt[3].fX) +
                                     srcPt[3].fX - srcPt[0].fX, scale.fX);
    dst->fMat[kMSkewY]  = SkFixedDiv(SkFractMul(a2, srcPt[3].fY) +
                                     srcPt[3].fY - srcPt[0].fY, scale.fX);
    dst->fMat[kMPersp0] = SkFixedDiv(a2, scale.fX);
    dst->fMat[kMSkewX]  = SkFixedDiv(SkFractMul(a1, srcPt[1].fX) +
                                     srcPt[1].fX - srcPt[0].fX, scale.fY);
    dst->fMat[kMScaleY] = SkFixedDiv(SkFractMul(a1, srcPt[1].fY) +
                                     srcPt[1].fY - srcPt[0].fY, scale.fY);
    dst->fMat[kMPersp1] = SkFixedDiv(a1, scale.fY);
    dst->fMat[kMTransX] = srcPt[0].fX;
    dst->fMat[kMTransY] = srcPt[0].fY;
    dst->fMat[kMPersp2] = SK_Fract1;
    dst->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask);
    return true;
}

#else   /* Scalar is float */

static inline bool checkForZero(float x) {
    return x*x == 0;
}

static inline bool poly_to_point(SkPoint* pt, const SkPoint poly[], int count) {
    float   x = 1, y = 1;
    SkPoint pt1, pt2;

    if (count > 1) {
        pt1.fX = poly[1].fX - poly[0].fX;
        pt1.fY = poly[1].fY - poly[0].fY;
        y = SkPoint::Length(pt1.fX, pt1.fY);
        if (checkForZero(y)) {
            return false;
        }
        switch (count) {
            case 2:
                break;
            case 3:
                pt2.fX = poly[0].fY - poly[2].fY;
                pt2.fY = poly[2].fX - poly[0].fX;
                goto CALC_X;
            default:
                pt2.fX = poly[0].fY - poly[3].fY;
                pt2.fY = poly[3].fX - poly[0].fX;
            CALC_X:
                x = SkScalarDiv(SkScalarMul(pt1.fX, pt2.fX) +
                                SkScalarMul(pt1.fY, pt2.fY), y);
                break;
        }
    }
    pt->set(x, y);
    return true;
}

bool SkMatrix::Poly2Proc(const SkPoint srcPt[], SkMatrix* dst,
                         const SkPoint& scale) {
    float invScale = 1 / scale.fY;

    dst->fMat[kMScaleX] = (srcPt[1].fY - srcPt[0].fY) * invScale;
    dst->fMat[kMSkewY] = (srcPt[0].fX - srcPt[1].fX) * invScale;
    dst->fMat[kMPersp0] = 0;
    dst->fMat[kMSkewX] = (srcPt[1].fX - srcPt[0].fX) * invScale;
    dst->fMat[kMScaleY] = (srcPt[1].fY - srcPt[0].fY) * invScale;
    dst->fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;
    dst->fMat[kMTransX] = srcPt[0].fX;
    dst->fMat[kMTransY] = srcPt[0].fY;
    dst->fMat[kMPersp2] = 1;
    dst->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask);
    return true;
}

bool SkMatrix::Poly3Proc(const SkPoint srcPt[], SkMatrix* dst,
                         const SkPoint& scale) {
    float invScale = 1 / scale.fX;
    dst->fMat[kMScaleX] = (srcPt[2].fX - srcPt[0].fX) * invScale;
    dst->fMat[kMSkewY] = (srcPt[2].fY - srcPt[0].fY) * invScale;
    dst->fMat[kMPersp0] = 0;

    invScale = 1 / scale.fY;
    dst->fMat[kMSkewX] = (srcPt[1].fX - srcPt[0].fX) * invScale;
    dst->fMat[kMScaleY] = (srcPt[1].fY - srcPt[0].fY) * invScale;
    dst->fMat[kMPersp1] = 0;

    dst->fMat[kMTransX] = srcPt[0].fX;
    dst->fMat[kMTransY] = srcPt[0].fY;
    dst->fMat[kMPersp2] = 1;
    dst->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask);
    return true;
}

bool SkMatrix::Poly4Proc(const SkPoint srcPt[], SkMatrix* dst,
                         const SkPoint& scale) {
    float   a1, a2;
    float   x0, y0, x1, y1, x2, y2;

    x0 = srcPt[2].fX - srcPt[0].fX;
    y0 = srcPt[2].fY - srcPt[0].fY;
    x1 = srcPt[2].fX - srcPt[1].fX;
    y1 = srcPt[2].fY - srcPt[1].fY;
    x2 = srcPt[2].fX - srcPt[3].fX;
    y2 = srcPt[2].fY - srcPt[3].fY;

    /* check if abs(x2) > abs(y2) */
    if ( x2 > 0 ? y2 > 0 ? x2 > y2 : x2 > -y2 : y2 > 0 ? -x2 > y2 : x2 < y2) {
        float denom = SkScalarMulDiv(x1, y2, x2) - y1;
        if (checkForZero(denom)) {
            return false;
        }
        a1 = SkScalarDiv(SkScalarMulDiv(x0 - x1, y2, x2) - y0 + y1, denom);
    } else {
        float denom = x1 - SkScalarMulDiv(y1, x2, y2);
        if (checkForZero(denom)) {
            return false;
        }
        a1 = SkScalarDiv(x0 - x1 - SkScalarMulDiv(y0 - y1, x2, y2), denom);
    }

    /* check if abs(x1) > abs(y1) */
    if ( x1 > 0 ? y1 > 0 ? x1 > y1 : x1 > -y1 : y1 > 0 ? -x1 > y1 : x1 < y1) {
        float denom = y2 - SkScalarMulDiv(x2, y1, x1);
        if (checkForZero(denom)) {
            return false;
        }
        a2 = SkScalarDiv(y0 - y2 - SkScalarMulDiv(x0 - x2, y1, x1), denom);
    } else {
        float denom = SkScalarMulDiv(y2, x1, y1) - x2;
        if (checkForZero(denom)) {
            return false;
        }
        a2 = SkScalarDiv(SkScalarMulDiv(y0 - y2, x1, y1) - x0 + x2, denom);
    }

    float invScale = 1 / scale.fX;
    dst->fMat[kMScaleX] = SkScalarMul(SkScalarMul(a2, srcPt[3].fX) +
                                      srcPt[3].fX - srcPt[0].fX, invScale);
    dst->fMat[kMSkewY] = SkScalarMul(SkScalarMul(a2, srcPt[3].fY) +
                                     srcPt[3].fY - srcPt[0].fY, invScale);
    dst->fMat[kMPersp0] = SkScalarMul(a2, invScale);
    invScale = 1 / scale.fY;
    dst->fMat[kMSkewX] = SkScalarMul(SkScalarMul(a1, srcPt[1].fX) +
                                     srcPt[1].fX - srcPt[0].fX, invScale);
    dst->fMat[kMScaleY] = SkScalarMul(SkScalarMul(a1, srcPt[1].fY) +
                                      srcPt[1].fY - srcPt[0].fY, invScale);
    dst->fMat[kMPersp1] = SkScalarMul(a1, invScale);
    dst->fMat[kMTransX] = srcPt[0].fX;
    dst->fMat[kMTransY] = srcPt[0].fY;
    dst->fMat[kMPersp2] = 1;
    dst->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask);
    return true;
}

#endif

typedef bool (*PolyMapProc)(const SkPoint[], SkMatrix*, const SkPoint&);

/*  Taken from Rob Johnson's original sample code in QuickDraw GX
*/
bool SkMatrix::setPolyToPoly(const SkPoint src[], const SkPoint dst[],
                             int count) {
    if ((unsigned)count > 4) {
        SkDebugf("--- SkMatrix::setPolyToPoly count out of range %d\n", count);
        return false;
    }

    if (0 == count) {
        this->reset();
        return true;
    }
    if (1 == count) {
        this->setTranslate(dst[0].fX - src[0].fX, dst[0].fY - src[0].fY);
        return true;
    }

    SkPoint scale;
    if (!poly_to_point(&scale, src, count) ||
            SkScalarNearlyZero(scale.fX) ||
            SkScalarNearlyZero(scale.fY)) {
        return false;
    }

    static const PolyMapProc gPolyMapProcs[] = {
        SkMatrix::Poly2Proc, SkMatrix::Poly3Proc, SkMatrix::Poly4Proc
    };
    PolyMapProc proc = gPolyMapProcs[count - 2];

    SkMatrix tempMap, result;
    tempMap.setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask);

    if (!proc(src, &tempMap, scale)) {
        return false;
    }
    if (!tempMap.invert(&result)) {
        return false;
    }
    if (!proc(dst, &tempMap, scale)) {
        return false;
    }
    if (!result.setConcat(tempMap, result)) {
        return false;
    }
    *this = result;
    return true;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

SkScalar SkMatrix::getMaxStretch() const {
    TypeMask mask = this->getType();

    if (this->hasPerspective()) {
        return -SK_Scalar1;
    }
    if (this->isIdentity()) {
        return SK_Scalar1;
    }
    if (!(mask & kAffine_Mask)) {
        return SkMaxScalar(SkScalarAbs(fMat[kMScaleX]),
                           SkScalarAbs(fMat[kMScaleY]));
    }
    // ignore the translation part of the matrix, just look at 2x2 portion.
    // compute singular values, take largest abs value.
    // [a b; b c] = A^T*A
    SkScalar a = SkScalarMul(fMat[kMScaleX], fMat[kMScaleX]) +
                 SkScalarMul(fMat[kMSkewY],  fMat[kMSkewY]);
    SkScalar b = SkScalarMul(fMat[kMScaleX], fMat[kMSkewX]) +
                 SkScalarMul(fMat[kMScaleY], fMat[kMSkewY]);
    SkScalar c = SkScalarMul(fMat[kMSkewX],  fMat[kMSkewX]) +
                 SkScalarMul(fMat[kMScaleY], fMat[kMScaleY]);
    // eigenvalues of A^T*A are the squared singular values of A.
    // characteristic equation is det((A^T*A) - l*I) = 0
    // l^2 - (a + c)l + (ac-b^2)
    // solve using quadratic equation (divisor is non-zero since l^2 has 1 coeff
    // and roots are guaraunteed to be pos and real).
    SkScalar largerRoot;
    SkScalar bSqd = SkScalarMul(b,b);
    // if upper left 2x2 is orthogonal save some math
    if (bSqd <= SK_ScalarNearlyZero*SK_ScalarNearlyZero) {
        largerRoot = SkMaxScalar(a, c);
    } else {
        SkScalar aminusc = a - c;
        SkScalar apluscdiv2 = SkScalarHalf(a + c);
        SkScalar x = SkScalarHalf(SkScalarSqrt(SkScalarMul(aminusc, aminusc) + 4 * bSqd));
        largerRoot = apluscdiv2 + x;
    }
    return SkScalarSqrt(largerRoot);
}

const SkMatrix& SkMatrix::I() {
    static SkMatrix gIdentity;
    static bool gOnce;
    if (!gOnce) {
        gIdentity.reset();
        gOnce = true;
    }
    return gIdentity;
}

const SkMatrix& SkMatrix::InvalidMatrix() {
    static SkMatrix gInvalid;
    static bool gOnce;
    if (!gOnce) {
        gInvalid.setAll(SK_ScalarMax, SK_ScalarMax, SK_ScalarMax,
                        SK_ScalarMax, SK_ScalarMax, SK_ScalarMax,
                        SK_ScalarMax, SK_ScalarMax, SK_ScalarMax);
        gInvalid.getType(); // force the type to be computed
        gOnce = true;
    }
    return gInvalid;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

uint32_t SkMatrix::writeToMemory(void* buffer) const {
    // TODO write less for simple matrices
    if (buffer) {
        memcpy(buffer, fMat, 9 * sizeof(SkScalar));
    }
    return 9 * sizeof(SkScalar);
}

uint32_t SkMatrix::readFromMemory(const void* buffer) {
    if (buffer) {
        memcpy(fMat, buffer, 9 * sizeof(SkScalar));
        this->setTypeMask(kUnknown_Mask);
    }
    return 9 * sizeof(SkScalar);
}

#ifdef SK_DEVELOPER
void SkMatrix::dump() const {
    SkString str;
    this->toString(&str);
    SkDebugf("%s\n", str.c_str());
}

void SkMatrix::toString(SkString* str) const {
    str->appendf("[%8.4f %8.4f %8.4f][%8.4f %8.4f %8.4f][%8.4f %8.4f %8.4f]",
#ifdef SK_SCALAR_IS_FLOAT
             fMat[0], fMat[1], fMat[2], fMat[3], fMat[4], fMat[5],
             fMat[6], fMat[7], fMat[8]);
#else
    SkFixedToFloat(fMat[0]), SkFixedToFloat(fMat[1]), SkFixedToFloat(fMat[2]),
    SkFixedToFloat(fMat[3]), SkFixedToFloat(fMat[4]), SkFixedToFloat(fMat[5]),
    SkFractToFloat(fMat[6]), SkFractToFloat(fMat[7]), SkFractToFloat(fMat[8]));
#endif
}
#endif

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#include "SkMatrixUtils.h"

bool SkTreatAsSprite(const SkMatrix& mat, int width, int height,
                     unsigned subpixelBits) {
    // quick reject on affine or perspective
    if (mat.getType() & ~(SkMatrix::kScale_Mask | SkMatrix::kTranslate_Mask)) {
        return false;
    }

    // quick success check
    if (!subpixelBits && !(mat.getType() & ~SkMatrix::kTranslate_Mask)) {
        return true;
    }

    // mapRect supports negative scales, so we eliminate those first
    if (mat.getScaleX() < 0 || mat.getScaleY() < 0) {
        return false;
    }

    SkRect dst;
    SkIRect isrc = { 0, 0, width, height };

    {
        SkRect src;
        src.set(isrc);
        mat.mapRect(&dst, src);
    }

    // just apply the translate to isrc
    isrc.offset(SkScalarRoundToInt(mat.getTranslateX()),
                SkScalarRoundToInt(mat.getTranslateY()));

    if (subpixelBits) {
        isrc.fLeft <<= subpixelBits;
        isrc.fTop <<= subpixelBits;
        isrc.fRight <<= subpixelBits;
        isrc.fBottom <<= subpixelBits;

        const float scale = 1 << subpixelBits;
        dst.fLeft *= scale;
        dst.fTop *= scale;
        dst.fRight *= scale;
        dst.fBottom *= scale;
    }

    SkIRect idst;
    dst.round(&idst);
    return isrc == idst;
}

bool SkDecomposeUpper2x2(const SkMatrix& matrix,
                         SkScalar* rotation0,
                         SkScalar* xScale, SkScalar* yScale,
                         SkScalar* rotation1) {

    // borrowed from Jim Blinn's article "Consider the Lowly 2x2 Matrix"
    // Note: he uses row vectors, so we have to do some swapping of terms
    SkScalar A = matrix[SkMatrix::kMScaleX];
    SkScalar B = matrix[SkMatrix::kMSkewX];
    SkScalar C = matrix[SkMatrix::kMSkewY];
    SkScalar D = matrix[SkMatrix::kMScaleY];

    SkScalar E = SK_ScalarHalf*(A + D);
    SkScalar F = SK_ScalarHalf*(A - D);
    SkScalar G = SK_ScalarHalf*(C + B);
    SkScalar H = SK_ScalarHalf*(C - B);

    SkScalar sqrt0 = SkScalarSqrt(E*E + H*H);
    SkScalar sqrt1 = SkScalarSqrt(F*F + G*G);

    SkScalar xs, ys, r0, r1;

    // can't have zero yScale, must be degenerate
    if (SkScalarNearlyEqual(sqrt0, sqrt1)) {
        return false;
    }
    xs = sqrt0 + sqrt1;
    ys = sqrt0 - sqrt1;

    // uniformly scaled rotation
    if (SkScalarNearlyZero(F) && SkScalarNearlyZero(G)) {
        SkASSERT(!SkScalarNearlyZero(E));
        r0 = SkScalarATan2(H, E);
        r1 = 0;
    // uniformly scaled reflection
    } else if (SkScalarNearlyZero(E) && SkScalarNearlyZero(H)) {
        SkASSERT(!SkScalarNearlyZero(F));
        r0 = -SkScalarATan2(G, F);
        r1 = 0;
    } else {
        SkASSERT(!SkScalarNearlyZero(E));
        SkASSERT(!SkScalarNearlyZero(F));

        SkScalar arctan0 = SkScalarATan2(H, E);
        SkScalar arctan1 = SkScalarATan2(G, F);
        r0 = SK_ScalarHalf*(arctan0 - arctan1);
        r1 = SK_ScalarHalf*(arctan0 + arctan1);

        // simplify the results
        const SkScalar kHalfPI = SK_ScalarHalf*SK_ScalarPI;
        if (SkScalarNearlyEqual(SkScalarAbs(r0), kHalfPI)) {
            SkScalar tmp = xs;
            xs = ys;
            ys = tmp;

            r1 += r0;
            r0 = 0;
        } else if (SkScalarNearlyEqual(SkScalarAbs(r1), kHalfPI)) {
            SkScalar tmp = xs;
            xs = ys;
            ys = tmp;

            r0 += r1;
            r1 = 0;
        }
    }

    if (NULL != xScale) {
        *xScale = xs;
    }
    if (NULL != yScale) {
        *yScale = ys;
    }
    if (NULL != rotation0) {
        *rotation0 = r0;
    }
    if (NULL != rotation1) {
        *rotation1 = r1;
    }

    return true;
}