tests/ActivityManagerPerfTests/tests/src/com/android/frameworks/perftests/am/tests/OomAdjPerfTest.java - platform/frameworks/base - Gitiles

 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
  *
  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  *
  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */

 package com.android.frameworks.perftests.am.tests;


 import android.content.ContentResolver;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.Uri;
 import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.perftests.utils.ManualBenchmarkState;
 import android.perftests.utils.PerfManualStatusReporter;
 import android.perftests.utils.TraceMarkParser;
 import android.perftests.utils.TraceMarkParser.TraceMarkLine;
 import android.perftests.utils.TraceMarkParser.TraceMarkSlice;

 import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
 import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest;

 import com.android.frameworks.perftests.am.util.AtraceUtils;
 import com.android.frameworks.perftests.am.util.TargetPackageUtils;
 import com.android.frameworks.perftests.am.util.Utils;

 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;

 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;

 /**
  * This benchmark test basically manipulates 3 test packages, let them bind to
  * each other, send broadcast to each other, etc. All of these actions essentially
  * triggers OomAdjuster to update the oom_adj scores and proc state of them.
  * In the meanwhile it'll also monitor the atrace output, extract duration between
  * the start and exit entries of the updateOomAdjLocked, include each of them
  * into the stats; when there are enough samples in the stats, the test will
  * stop and output the mean/stddev time spent on the updateOomAdjLocked.
  */
 @RunWith(JUnit4.class)
 @LargeTest
 public final class OomAdjPerfTest {
     private static final String TAG = "OomAdjPerfTest";
     private static final boolean VERBOSE = true;

     private static final String STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME = "com.android.stubs.am1";
     private static final String STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME = "com.android.stubs.am2";
     private static final String STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME = "com.android.stubs.am3";

     private static final Uri STUB_PACKAGE1_URI = new Uri.Builder().scheme(
             ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT).authority("com.android.stubs.am1.testapp").build();
     private static final Uri STUB_PACKAGE2_URI = new Uri.Builder().scheme(
             ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT).authority("com.android.stubs.am2.testapp").build();
     private static final Uri STUB_PACKAGE3_URI = new Uri.Builder().scheme(
             ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT).authority("com.android.stubs.am3.testapp").build();
     private static final long NANOS_PER_MICROSECOND = 1000L;

     private static final String ATRACE_CATEGORY = "am";
     private static final String ATRACE_OOMADJ_PREFIX = "updateOomAdj_";

     @Rule
     public PerfManualStatusReporter mPerfManualStatusReporter = new PerfManualStatusReporter();
     private TraceMarkParser mTraceMarkParser = new TraceMarkParser(this::shouldFilterTraceLine);
     private final ArrayList<Long> mDurations = new ArrayList<Long>();
     private Context mContext;
     private HandlerThread mHandlerThread;

     @Before
     public void setUp() {
         mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext();
         mHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("command receiver");
         mHandlerThread.start();
         TargetPackageUtils.initCommandResultReceiver(mHandlerThread.getLooper());

         Utils.runShellCommand("cmd deviceidle whitelist +" + STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
         Utils.runShellCommand("cmd deviceidle whitelist +" + STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
         Utils.runShellCommand("cmd deviceidle whitelist +" + STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);
         TargetPackageUtils.startStubPackage(mContext, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
         TargetPackageUtils.startStubPackage(mContext, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
         TargetPackageUtils.startStubPackage(mContext, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);
     }

     @After
     public void tearDown() {
         TargetPackageUtils.stopStubPackage(mContext, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
         TargetPackageUtils.stopStubPackage(mContext, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
         TargetPackageUtils.stopStubPackage(mContext, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);
         Utils.runShellCommand("cmd deviceidle whitelist -" + STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
         Utils.runShellCommand("cmd deviceidle whitelist -" + STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
         Utils.runShellCommand("cmd deviceidle whitelist -" + STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);
         mHandlerThread.quitSafely();
     }

     @Test
     public void testOomAdj() {
         final AtraceUtils atraceUtils = AtraceUtils.getInstance(
                 InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
         final ManualBenchmarkState state = mPerfManualStatusReporter.getBenchmarkState();
         atraceUtils.startTrace(ATRACE_CATEGORY);
         while (state.keepRunning(mDurations)) {
             runCUJWithOomComputationOnce();

             // Now kick off the trace dump
             mDurations.clear();
             atraceUtils.performDump(mTraceMarkParser, this::handleTraceMarkSlices);
         }
         atraceUtils.stopTrace();
     }

     private boolean shouldFilterTraceLine(final TraceMarkLine line) {
         return line.name.startsWith(ATRACE_OOMADJ_PREFIX);
     }

     private void handleTraceMarkSlices(String key, List<TraceMarkSlice> slices) {
         for (TraceMarkSlice slice: slices) {
             mDurations.add(slice.getDurationInMicroseconds() * NANOS_PER_MICROSECOND);
         }
     }

     /**
      * This tries to mimic a user journey, involes multiple activity/service starts/stop,
      * the time spent on oom adj computation would be different between all these samples,
      * but with enough samples, we'll be able to know the overall distribution of the time
      * spent on it.
      */
     private void runCUJWithOomComputationOnce() {
         // Start activity from package1
         TargetPackageUtils.startActivity(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
         // Start activity from package2
         TargetPackageUtils.startActivity(STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
         // Start activity from package3
         TargetPackageUtils.startActivity(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);

         // Stop activity in package1
         TargetPackageUtils.stopActivity(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
         // Stop activity in package2
         TargetPackageUtils.stopActivity(STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
         // Stop activity in package3
         TargetPackageUtils.stopActivity(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);

         // Bind from package1 to package2
         TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
                 Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
         // Acquire content provider from package 1 to package3
         TargetPackageUtils.acquireProvider(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME,
                 STUB_PACKAGE3_URI);
         // Start activity from package1
         TargetPackageUtils.startActivity(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
         // Bind from package2 to package3
         TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME,
                 Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
         // Unbind from package 1 to package 2
         TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);
         // Stop activity in package1
         TargetPackageUtils.stopActivity(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);

         // Send broadcast to all of them
         TargetPackageUtils.sendBroadcast(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
         TargetPackageUtils.sendBroadcast(STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
         TargetPackageUtils.sendBroadcast(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);

         // Bind from package1 to package2 again
         TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
                 Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
         // Create a cycle: package3 to package1
         TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME,
                 Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

         // Send broadcast to all of them again
         TargetPackageUtils.sendBroadcast(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
         TargetPackageUtils.sendBroadcast(STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
         TargetPackageUtils.sendBroadcast(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);
         // Start activity in package3
         TargetPackageUtils.startActivity(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);

         // Break the cycle: unbind from package3 to package1
         TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, 0);

         // Bind from package3 to package1 with waive priority
         TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME,
                 Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE | Context.BIND_WAIVE_PRIORITY);
         // Release provider connection
         TargetPackageUtils.releaseProvider(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME,
                 STUB_PACKAGE3_URI);
         // Unbind from package1 to package2
         TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);
         // Unbind from package2 to packagae3
         TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, 0);

         // Bind from package3 to package2 with BIND_ABOVE_CLIENT
         TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
                 Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE | Context.BIND_ABOVE_CLIENT);
         // Unbind from package3 to packagae2
         TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);

         // Bind from package3 to package2 with BIND_ALLOW_OOM_MANAGEMENT
         TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
                 Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE | Context.BIND_ALLOW_OOM_MANAGEMENT);
         // Unbind from package3 to packagae2
         TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);

         // Bind from package3 to package2 with BIND_IMPORTANT
         TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
                 Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE | Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
         // Unbind from package3 to packagae2
         TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);

         // Bind from package3 to package2 with BIND_NOT_FOREGROUND
         TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
                 Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE | Context.BIND_NOT_FOREGROUND);
         // Unbind from package3 to packagae2
         TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);

         // Bind from package3 to package2 with BIND_NOT_PERCEPTIBLE
         TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
                 Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE | Context.BIND_NOT_PERCEPTIBLE);
         // Unbind from package3 to packagae2
         TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);

         // Stop activity in package3
         TargetPackageUtils.stopActivity(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);
         // Unbind from package3 to package1
         TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, 0);
     }
 }
	/*
	* Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
	*
	* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
	* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
	* You may obtain a copy of the License at
	*
	* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
	*
	* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
	* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
	* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
	* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
	* limitations under the License.
	*/

	package com.android.frameworks.perftests.am.tests;


	import android.content.ContentResolver;
	import android.content.Context;
	import android.net.Uri;
	import android.os.HandlerThread;
	import android.perftests.utils.ManualBenchmarkState;
	import android.perftests.utils.PerfManualStatusReporter;
	import android.perftests.utils.TraceMarkParser;
	import android.perftests.utils.TraceMarkParser.TraceMarkLine;
	import android.perftests.utils.TraceMarkParser.TraceMarkSlice;

	import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
	import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest;

	import com.android.frameworks.perftests.am.util.AtraceUtils;
	import com.android.frameworks.perftests.am.util.TargetPackageUtils;
	import com.android.frameworks.perftests.am.util.Utils;

	import org.junit.After;
	import org.junit.Before;
	import org.junit.Rule;
	import org.junit.Test;
	import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
	import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;

	import java.util.ArrayList;
	import java.util.List;

	/**
	* This benchmark test basically manipulates 3 test packages, let them bind to
	* each other, send broadcast to each other, etc. All of these actions essentially
	* triggers OomAdjuster to update the oom_adj scores and proc state of them.
	* In the meanwhile it'll also monitor the atrace output, extract duration between
	* the start and exit entries of the updateOomAdjLocked, include each of them
	* into the stats; when there are enough samples in the stats, the test will
	* stop and output the mean/stddev time spent on the updateOomAdjLocked.
	*/
	@RunWith(JUnit4.class)
	@LargeTest
	public final class OomAdjPerfTest {
	private static final String TAG = "OomAdjPerfTest";
	private static final boolean VERBOSE = true;

	private static final String STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME = "com.android.stubs.am1";
	private static final String STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME = "com.android.stubs.am2";
	private static final String STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME = "com.android.stubs.am3";

	private static final Uri STUB_PACKAGE1_URI = new Uri.Builder().scheme(
	ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT).authority("com.android.stubs.am1.testapp").build();
	private static final Uri STUB_PACKAGE2_URI = new Uri.Builder().scheme(
	ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT).authority("com.android.stubs.am2.testapp").build();
	private static final Uri STUB_PACKAGE3_URI = new Uri.Builder().scheme(
	ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT).authority("com.android.stubs.am3.testapp").build();
	private static final long NANOS_PER_MICROSECOND = 1000L;

	private static final String ATRACE_CATEGORY = "am";
	private static final String ATRACE_OOMADJ_PREFIX = "updateOomAdj_";

	@Rule
	public PerfManualStatusReporter mPerfManualStatusReporter = new PerfManualStatusReporter();
	private TraceMarkParser mTraceMarkParser = new TraceMarkParser(this::shouldFilterTraceLine);
	private final ArrayList<Long> mDurations = new ArrayList<Long>();
	private Context mContext;
	private HandlerThread mHandlerThread;

	@Before
	public void setUp() {
	mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext();
	mHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("command receiver");
	mHandlerThread.start();
	TargetPackageUtils.initCommandResultReceiver(mHandlerThread.getLooper());

	Utils.runShellCommand("cmd deviceidle whitelist +" + STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
	Utils.runShellCommand("cmd deviceidle whitelist +" + STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
	Utils.runShellCommand("cmd deviceidle whitelist +" + STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);
	TargetPackageUtils.startStubPackage(mContext, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
	TargetPackageUtils.startStubPackage(mContext, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
	TargetPackageUtils.startStubPackage(mContext, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);
	}

	@After
	public void tearDown() {
	TargetPackageUtils.stopStubPackage(mContext, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
	TargetPackageUtils.stopStubPackage(mContext, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
	TargetPackageUtils.stopStubPackage(mContext, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);
	Utils.runShellCommand("cmd deviceidle whitelist -" + STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
	Utils.runShellCommand("cmd deviceidle whitelist -" + STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
	Utils.runShellCommand("cmd deviceidle whitelist -" + STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);
	mHandlerThread.quitSafely();
	}

	@Test
	public void testOomAdj() {
	final AtraceUtils atraceUtils = AtraceUtils.getInstance(
	InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
	final ManualBenchmarkState state = mPerfManualStatusReporter.getBenchmarkState();
	atraceUtils.startTrace(ATRACE_CATEGORY);
	while (state.keepRunning(mDurations)) {
	runCUJWithOomComputationOnce();

	// Now kick off the trace dump
	mDurations.clear();
	atraceUtils.performDump(mTraceMarkParser, this::handleTraceMarkSlices);
	}
	atraceUtils.stopTrace();
	}

	private boolean shouldFilterTraceLine(final TraceMarkLine line) {
	return line.name.startsWith(ATRACE_OOMADJ_PREFIX);
	}

	private void handleTraceMarkSlices(String key, List<TraceMarkSlice> slices) {
	for (TraceMarkSlice slice: slices) {
	mDurations.add(slice.getDurationInMicroseconds() * NANOS_PER_MICROSECOND);
	}
	}

	/**
	* This tries to mimic a user journey, involes multiple activity/service starts/stop,
	* the time spent on oom adj computation would be different between all these samples,
	* but with enough samples, we'll be able to know the overall distribution of the time
	* spent on it.
	*/
	private void runCUJWithOomComputationOnce() {
	// Start activity from package1
	TargetPackageUtils.startActivity(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
	// Start activity from package2
	TargetPackageUtils.startActivity(STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
	// Start activity from package3
	TargetPackageUtils.startActivity(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);

	// Stop activity in package1
	TargetPackageUtils.stopActivity(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
	// Stop activity in package2
	TargetPackageUtils.stopActivity(STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
	// Stop activity in package3
	TargetPackageUtils.stopActivity(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);

	// Bind from package1 to package2
	TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
	Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
	// Acquire content provider from package 1 to package3
	TargetPackageUtils.acquireProvider(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME,
	STUB_PACKAGE3_URI);
	// Start activity from package1
	TargetPackageUtils.startActivity(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
	// Bind from package2 to package3
	TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME,
	Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
	// Unbind from package 1 to package 2
	TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);
	// Stop activity in package1
	TargetPackageUtils.stopActivity(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);

	// Send broadcast to all of them
	TargetPackageUtils.sendBroadcast(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
	TargetPackageUtils.sendBroadcast(STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
	TargetPackageUtils.sendBroadcast(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);

	// Bind from package1 to package2 again
	TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
	Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
	// Create a cycle: package3 to package1
	TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME,
	Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

	// Send broadcast to all of them again
	TargetPackageUtils.sendBroadcast(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME);
	TargetPackageUtils.sendBroadcast(STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME);
	TargetPackageUtils.sendBroadcast(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);
	// Start activity in package3
	TargetPackageUtils.startActivity(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);

	// Break the cycle: unbind from package3 to package1
	TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, 0);

	// Bind from package3 to package1 with waive priority
	TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME,
	Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE \| Context.BIND_WAIVE_PRIORITY);
	// Release provider connection
	TargetPackageUtils.releaseProvider(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME,
	STUB_PACKAGE3_URI);
	// Unbind from package1 to package2
	TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);
	// Unbind from package2 to packagae3
	TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, 0);

	// Bind from package3 to package2 with BIND_ABOVE_CLIENT
	TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
	Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE \| Context.BIND_ABOVE_CLIENT);
	// Unbind from package3 to packagae2
	TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);

	// Bind from package3 to package2 with BIND_ALLOW_OOM_MANAGEMENT
	TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
	Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE \| Context.BIND_ALLOW_OOM_MANAGEMENT);
	// Unbind from package3 to packagae2
	TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);

	// Bind from package3 to package2 with BIND_IMPORTANT
	TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
	Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE \| Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
	// Unbind from package3 to packagae2
	TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);

	// Bind from package3 to package2 with BIND_NOT_FOREGROUND
	TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
	Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE \| Context.BIND_NOT_FOREGROUND);
	// Unbind from package3 to packagae2
	TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);

	// Bind from package3 to package2 with BIND_NOT_PERCEPTIBLE
	TargetPackageUtils.bindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME,
	Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE \| Context.BIND_NOT_PERCEPTIBLE);
	// Unbind from package3 to packagae2
	TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE2_NAME, 0);

	// Stop activity in package3
	TargetPackageUtils.stopActivity(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME);
	// Unbind from package3 to package1
	TargetPackageUtils.unbindService(STUB_PACKAGE3_NAME, STUB_PACKAGE1_NAME, 0);
	}
	}