| page.title=Installing the SDK |
| |
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| <div id="qv-wrapper"> |
| <div id="qv"> |
| |
| <h2>In this document</h2> |
| <ol> |
| <li><a href="#Preparing">1. Preparing Your Development Computer</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#Installing">2. Downloading the SDK Starter Package</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#InstallingADT">3. Installing the ADT Plugin for Eclipse</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#AddingComponents">4. Adding Platforms and Other Components</a> |
| <ol> |
| <li><a href="#components">Available Components</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#which">Recommended Components</a></li> |
| </ol></li> |
| <li><a href="#sdkContents">5. Exploring the SDK (Optional)</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#NextSteps">Next Steps</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></li> |
| </ol> |
| |
| <h2>See also</h2> |
| <ol> |
| <li><a href="{@docRoot}sdk/eclipse-adt.html">ADT Plugin for Eclipse</a></li> |
| <li><a href="{@docRoot}sdk/adding-components.html">Adding SDK Components</a></li> |
| </ol> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <p>This page describes how to install the Android SDK |
| and set up your development environment for the first time.</p> |
| |
| <p>If you encounter any problems during installation, see the |
| <a href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a> section at the bottom of |
| this page.</p> |
| |
| <h4>Updating?</h4> |
| |
| <p>If you already have an Android SDK, use the Android SDK and AVD Manager tool to install |
| updated tools and new Android platforms into your existing environment. For information about how to |
| do that, see <a href="{@docRoot}sdk/adding-components.html">Adding SDK Components</a>.</p> |
| |
| |
| <h2 id="Preparing">Step 1. Preparing Your Development Computer</h2> |
| |
| <p>Before getting started with the Android SDK, take a moment to confirm that |
| your development computer meets the <a href="requirements.html">System |
| Requirements</a>. In particular, you might need to install the <a |
| href="http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp">JDK</a>, if you don't have it already. </p> |
| |
| <p>If you will be developing in Eclipse with the Android Development |
| Tools (ADT) Plugin—the recommended path if you are new to |
| Android—make sure that you have a suitable version of Eclipse |
| installed on your computer as described in the |
| <a href="requirements.html">System Requirements</a> document. |
| If you need to install Eclipse, you can download it from this location: </p> |
| |
| <p style="margin-left:2em;"><a href= |
| "http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/">http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/</a></p> |
| |
| <p>The "Eclipse Classic" version is recommended. Otherwise, a Java or |
| RCP version of Eclipse is recommended.</p> |
| |
| |
| <h2 id="Installing">Step 2. Downloading the SDK Starter Package</h2> |
| |
| <p>The SDK starter package is not a full |
| development environment—it includes only the core SDK Tools, which you can |
| use to download the rest of the SDK components (such as the latest Android platform).</p> |
| |
| <p>If you haven't already, get the latest version of the SDK starter package from the <a |
| href="{@docRoot}sdk/index.html">SDK download page</a>.</p> |
| |
| <p>If you downloaded a {@code .zip} or {@code .tgz} package (instead of the SDK installer), unpack |
| it to a safe location on your machine. By default, the SDK files are unpacked |
| into a directory named <code>android-sdk-<machine-platform></code>.</p> |
| |
| <p>If you downloaded the Windows installer ({@code .exe} file), run it now and it will check |
| whether the proper Java SE Development Kit (JDK) is installed (installing it, if necessary), then |
| install the SDK Tools into a default location (which you can modify).</p> |
| |
| <p>Make a note of the name and location of the SDK directory on your system—you will need to |
| refer to the SDK directory later, when setting up the ADT plugin and when using |
| the SDK tools from the command line.</p> |
| |
| |
| <h2 id="InstallingADT">Step 3. Installing the ADT Plugin for Eclipse</h2> |
| |
| <p>Android offers a custom plugin for the Eclipse IDE, called Android |
| Development Tools (ADT), that is designed to give you a powerful, integrated |
| environment in which to build Android applications. It extends the capabilites |
| of Eclipse to let you quickly set up new Android projects, create an application |
| UI, debug your applications |
| using the Android SDK tools, and even export signed (or unsigned) APKs in order |
| to distribute your application. In general, developing in Eclipse with ADT is a |
| highly recommended approach and is the fastest way to get started with Android. |
| </p> |
| |
| <p>If you'd like to use ADT for developing Android applications, install it now. |
| Read <a href="{@docRoot}sdk/eclipse-adt.html#installing">Installing the ADT Plugin</a> for |
| step-by-step installation instructions, then return here to continue the |
| last step in setting up your Android SDK.</p> |
| |
| <p>If you prefer to work in a different IDE, you do not need to |
| install Eclipse or ADT. Instead, you can directly use the SDK tools to build and |
| debug your application. The <a href="{@docRoot}guide/developing/index.html">Introduction</a> |
| to Android application development outlines the major steps that you need to complete when |
| developing in Eclipse or other IDEs.</p> |
| |
| |
| |
| <h2 id="AddingComponents">Step 4. Adding Platforms and Other Components</h2> |
| |
| <p>The last step in setting up your SDK is using the Android SDK and AVD Manager (a |
| tool included in the SDK starter package) to download essential SDK components into your development |
| environment.</p> |
| |
| <p>The SDK uses a modular structure that separates the major parts of the SDK—Android platform |
| versions, add-ons, tools, samples, and documentation—into a set of separately installable |
| components. The SDK starter package, which you've already downloaded, includes only a single |
| component: the latest version of the SDK Tools. To develop an Android application, you also need to |
| download at least one Android platform and the associated platform tools. You can add other |
| components and platforms as well, which is highly recommended.</p> |
| |
| <p>If you used the Windows installer, when you complete the installation wizard, it will launch the |
| Android SDK and AVD Manager with a default set of platforms and other components selected |
| for you to install. Simply click <strong>Install</strong> to accept the recommended set of |
| components and install them. You can then skip to <a href="#sdkContents">Step 5</a>, but we |
| recommend you first read the section about the <a href="#components">Available Components</a> to |
| better understand the components available from the Android SDK and AVD Manager.</p> |
| |
| <p>You can launch the Android SDK and AVD Manager in one of the following ways:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>From within Eclipse, select <strong>Window > Android SDK and AVD Manager</strong>.</li> |
| <li>On Windows, double-click the <code>SDK Manager.exe</code> file at the root of the Android |
| SDK directory.</li> |
| <li>On Mac or Linux, open a terminal and navigate to the <code>tools/</code> directory in the |
| Android SDK, then execute: <pre>android</pre> </li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p>To download components, use the graphical UI of the Android SDK and AVD |
| Manager to browse the SDK repository and select new or updated |
| components (see figure 1). The Android SDK and AVD Manager installs the selected components in |
| your SDK environment. For information about which components you should download, see <a |
| href="#which">Recommended Components</a>.</p> |
| |
| <img src="/images/sdk_manager_packages.png" /> |
| <p class="img-caption"><strong>Figure 1.</strong> The Android SDK and AVD Manager's |
| <strong>Available Packages</strong> panel, which shows the SDK components that are |
| available for you to download into your environment.</p> |
| |
| |
| <h3 id="components">Available Components</h3> |
| |
| <p>By default, there are two repositories of components for your SDK: <em>Android |
| Repository</em> and <em>Third party Add-ons</em>.</p> |
| |
| <p>The <em>Android Repository</em> offers these types of components:</p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li><strong>SDK Tools</strong> — Contains tools for debugging and testing your application |
| and other utility tools. These tools are installed with the Android SDK starter package and receive |
| periodic updates. You can access these tools in the <code><sdk>/tools/</code> directory of |
| your SDK. To learn more about |
| them, see <a href="{@docRoot}guide/developing/tools/index.html#tools-sdk">SDK Tools</a> in the |
| developer guide.</li> |
| |
| <li><strong>SDK Platform-tools</strong> — Contains platform-dependent tools for developing |
| and debugging your application. These tools support the latest features of the Android platform and |
| are typically updated only when a new platform becomes available. You can access these tools in the |
| <code><sdk>/platform-tools/</code> directory. To learn more about them, see <a |
| href="{@docRoot}guide/developing/tools/index.html#tools-platform">Platform Tools</a> in the |
| developer guide.</li> |
| |
| <li><strong>Android platforms</strong> — An SDK platform is |
| available for every production Android platform deployable to Android-powered devices. Each |
| SDK platform component includes a fully compliant Android library, system image, sample code, |
| and emulator skins. To learn more about a specific platform, see the list of platforms that appears |
| under the section "Downloadable SDK Components" on the left part of this page.</li> |
| |
| <li><strong>USB Driver for Windows</strong> (Windows only) — Contains driver files |
| that you can install on your Windows computer, so that you can run and debug |
| your applications on an actual device. You <em>do not</em> need the USB driver unless |
| you plan to debug your application on an actual Android-powered device. If you |
| develop on Mac OS X or Linux, you do not need a special driver to debug |
| your application on an Android-powered device. See <a |
| href="{@docRoot}guide/developing/device.html">Using Hardware Devices</a> for more information |
| about developing on a real device.</li> |
| |
| <li><strong>Samples</strong> — Contains the sample code and apps available |
| for each Android development platform. If you are just getting started with |
| Android development, make sure to download the samples to your SDK. <!--The download |
| includes not only a set of very useful sample apps, but also the source for <a |
| href="{@docRoot}resources/tutorials/hello-world.html">Hello World</a> and other |
| tutorials. --></li> |
| |
| <li><strong>Documentation</strong> — Contains a local copy of the latest |
| multiversion documentation for the Android framework API. </li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p>The <em>Third party Add-ons</em> provide components that allow you to create a development |
| environment using a specific Android external library (such as the Google Maps library) or a |
| customized (but fully compliant) Android system image. You can add additional Add-on repositories by |
| clicking <strong>Add Add-on Site</strong>.</p> |
| |
| |
| <h3 id="which">Recommended Components</h3> |
| |
| <p>The SDK repository contains a range of components that you can download. |
| Use the table below to determine which components you need, based on whether you |
| want to set up a basic, recommended, or full development environment: |
| </p> |
| |
| <table style="width:95%"> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <th>Environment</th> |
| <th>SDK Component</th> |
| <th>Comments</th> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td rowspan="3" style="font-size:.9em;background-color:#FFE;">Basic</td> |
| <td style="font-size:.9em;background-color:#FFE;">SDK Tools</td> |
| <td style="font-size:.9em;background-color:#FFE;">If you've just installed |
| the SDK starter package, then you already have the latest version of this component. The |
| SDK Tools component is required to develop an Android application. Make sure you keep this up to |
| date.</td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td style="font-size:.9em;background-color:#FFE;">SDK Platform-tools</td> |
| <td style="font-size:.9em;background-color:#FFE;">This includes more tools that are required |
| for application development. These tools are platform-dependent and typically update only when |
| a new SDK platform is made available, in order to support new features in the platform. These |
| tools are always backward compatible with older platforms, but you must be sure that you have |
| the latest version of these tools when you install a new SDK platform.</td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td style="font-size:.9em;background-color:#FFE;">SDK platform</td> |
| <td style="font-size:.9em;background-color:#FFE;">You need to download <strong |
| style="color:red">at least one platform</strong> into your environment, so that |
| you will be able to compile your application and set up an Android Virtual |
| Device (AVD) to run it on (in the emulator). To start with, just download the |
| latest version of the platform. Later, if you plan to publish your application, |
| you will want to download other platforms as well, so that you can test your |
| application on the full range of Android platform versions that your application supports.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="2" |
| style="border:none;text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;font-weight:bold;">+</td><td |
| style="border:none"></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td rowspan="3">Recommended<br/>(plus Basic)</td> |
| <td>Documentation</td> |
| <td>The Documentation component is useful because it lets you work offline and |
| also look up API reference information from inside Eclipse.</td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td>Samples</td> |
| <td>The Samples components give you source code that you can use to learn about |
| Android, load as a project and run, or reuse in your own app. Note that multiple |
| samples components are available — one for each Android platform version. When |
| you are choosing a samples component to download, select the one whose API Level |
| matches the API Level of the Android platform that you plan to use.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>Usb Driver</td> |
| <td>The Usb Driver component is needed only if you are developing on Windows and |
| have an Android-powered device on which you want to install your application for |
| debugging and testing. For Mac OS X and Linux platforms, no |
| special driver is needed.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="2" |
| style="border:none;text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;font-weight:bold;">+</td><td |
| style="border:none"></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td rowspan="3">Full<br/>(plus Recommended)</td> |
| <td>Google APIs</td> |
| <td>The Google APIs add-on gives your application access to the Maps external |
| library, which makes it easy to display and manipulate Maps data in your |
| application. </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>Additional SDK Platforms</td> |
| <td>If you plan to publish your application, you will want to download |
| additional platforms corresponding to the Android platform versions on which you |
| want the application to run. The recommended approach is to compile your |
| application against the lowest version you want to support, but test it against |
| higher versions that you intend the application to run on. You can test your |
| applications on different platforms by running in an Android Virtual Device |
| (AVD) on the Android emulator.</td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| </table> |
| |
| <p>Once you've installed at least the basic configuration of SDK components, you're ready to start |
| developing Android apps. The next section describes the contents of the Android SDK to familiarize |
| you with the components you've just installed.</p> |
| |
| <p>For more information about using the Android SDK and AVD Manager, see the <a |
| href="{@docRoot}sdk/adding-components.html">Adding SDK Components</a> document. </p> |
| |
| |
| <h2 id="sdkContents">Step 5. Exploring the SDK (Optional)</h2> |
| |
| <p>Once you've installed the SDK and downloaded the platforms, documentation, |
| and add-ons that you need, we suggest that you open the SDK directory and take a look at what's |
| inside.</p> |
| |
| <p>The table below describes the full SDK directory contents, with components |
| installed. </p> |
| |
| <table> |
| <tr> |
| <th colspan="3">Name</th><th>Description</th> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="3"><code>add-ons/</code></td> |
| <td>Contains add-ons to the Android SDK development |
| environment, which let you develop against external libraries that are available on some |
| devices. </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="3"><code>docs/</code></td> |
| <td>A full set of documentation in HTML format, including the Developer's Guide, |
| API Reference, and other information. To read the documentation, load the |
| file <code>offline.html</code> in a web browser.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="3"><code>platform-tools/</code></td> |
| <td>Contains platform-dependent development tools that may be updated with each platform release. |
| The platform tools include the Android Debug Bridge ({@code adb}) as well as other tools that you |
| don't typically use directly. These tools are separate from the development tools in the {@code |
| tools/} directory because these tools may be updated in order to support new |
| features in the latest Android platform.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="3"><code>platforms/</code></td> |
| <td>Contains a set of Android platform versions that you can develop |
| applications against, each in a separate directory. </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td style="width:2em;"></td> |
| <td colspan="2"><code><em><platform></em>/</code></td> |
| <td>Platform version directory, for example "android-11". All platform version directories contain |
| a similar set of files and subdirectory structure. Each platform directory also includes the |
| Android library (<code>android.jar</code>) that is used to compile applications against the |
| platform version.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="3"><code>samples/</code></td> |
| <td>Sample code and apps that are specific to platform version.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="3"><code>tools/</code></td> |
| <td>Contains the set of development and profiling tools that are platform-independent, such |
| as the emulator, the Android SDK and AVD Manager, <code>ddms</code>, <code>hierarchyviewer</code> |
| and more. The tools in this directory may be updated at any time using the Android SDK and AVD |
| Manager and are independent of platform releases.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="3"><code>SDK Readme.txt</code></td> |
| <td>A file that explains how to perform the initial setup of your SDK, |
| including how to launch the Android SDK and AVD Manager tool on all |
| platforms.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="3"><code>SDK Manager.exe</code></td> |
| <td>Windows SDK only. A shortcut that launches the Android SDK and AVD |
| Manager tool, which you use to add components to your SDK.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <!--<tr> |
| <td colspan="3"><code>documentation.html</code></td> |
| <td>A file that loads the entry page for the local Android SDK |
| documentation.</td> |
| </tr>--> |
| |
| </table> |
| |
| |
| <p>Optionally, you might want to add the location of the SDK's <code>tools/</code> and |
| <code>platform-tools</code> to your <code>PATH</code> environment variable, to provide easy |
| access to the tools.</p> |
| |
| |
| <div class="toggleable closed"> |
| <a href="#" onclick="return toggleDiv(this)"> |
| <img src="{@docRoot}assets/images/triangle-closed.png" class="toggle-img" height="9px" |
| width="9px" /> |
| How to update your PATH</a> |
| <div class="toggleme"> |
| |
| <p>Adding both <code>tools/</code> and <code>platform-tools/</code> to your PATH lets you run |
| command line <a href="{@docRoot}guide/developing/tools/index.html">tools</a> without needing to |
| supply the full path to the tool directories. Depending on your operating system, you can |
| include these directories in your PATH in the following way:</p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li>On Windows, right-click on My Computer, and select Properties. |
| Under the Advanced tab, hit the Environment Variables button, and in the |
| dialog that comes up, double-click on Path (under System Variables). Add the full path to the |
| <code>tools/</code> and <code>platform-tools/</code> directories to the path. </li> |
| |
| <li>On Linux, edit your <code>~/.bash_profile</code> or <code>~/.bashrc</code> file. Look |
| for a line that sets the PATH environment variable and add the |
| full path to the <code>tools/</code> and <code>platform-tools/</code> directories to it. If you |
| don't see a line setting the path, you can add one: |
| <pre>export PATH=${PATH}:<sdk>/tools:<sdk>/platform-tools</pre> |
| </li> |
| |
| <li>On a Mac OS X, look in your home directory for <code>.bash_profile</code> and |
| proceed as for Linux. You can create the <code>.bash_profile</code> if |
| you don't already have one. </li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| </div><!-- end toggleme --> |
| </div><!-- end toggleable --> |
| |
| |
| <h2 id="NextSteps">Next Steps</h2> |
| <p>Once you have completed installation, you are ready to |
| begin developing applications. Here are a few ways you can get started: </p> |
| |
| <p><strong>Set up the Hello World application</strong></p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>If you have just installed the SDK for the first time, go to the <a |
| href="{@docRoot}resources/tutorials/hello-world.html">Hello |
| World tutorial</a>. The tutorial takes you step-by-step through the process |
| of setting up your first Android project, including setting up an Android |
| Virtual Device (AVD) on which to run the application. |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p class="note">Following the Hello World tutorial is an essential |
| first step in getting started with Android development. </p> |
| |
| <p><strong>Learn about Android</strong></p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>Take a look at the <a href="{@docRoot}guide/index.html">Dev |
| Guide</a> and the types of information it provides.</li> |
| <li>Read an introduction to Android as a platform in <a |
| href="{@docRoot}guide/basics/what-is-android.html">What is |
| Android?</a></li> |
| <li>Learn about the Android framework and how applications run on it in |
| <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/fundamentals.html">Application |
| Fundamentals</a>.</li> |
| <li>Take a look at the Android framework API specification in the <a |
| href="{@docRoot}reference/packages.html">Reference</a> tab.</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p><strong>Explore the development tools</strong></p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>Get an overview of the <a |
| href="{@docRoot}guide/developing/tools/index.html">development |
| tools</a> that are available to you.</li> |
| <li>Read the <a href="{@docRoot}guide/developing/index.html">Introduction</a> to Android |
| application development. |
| </li> |
| <li>Read <a href="{@docRoot}guide/developing/device.html">Using Hardware Devices</a> to learn |
| how to set up an Android-powered device so you can run and test your application.</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p><strong>Follow the Notepad tutorial</strong></p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li>The <a href="{@docRoot}resources/tutorials/notepad/index.html"> |
| Notepad Tutorial</a> shows you how to build a full Android application |
| and provides helpful commentary on the Android system and API. The |
| Notepad tutorial helps you bring together the important design |
| and architectural concepts in a moderately complex application. |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| <p class="note">Following the Notepad tutorial is an excellent |
| second step in getting started with Android development. </p> |
| |
| <p><strong>Explore some code</strong></p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li>The Android SDK includes sample code and applications for each platform |
| version. You can browse the samples in the <a |
| href="{@docRoot}resources/index.html">Resources</a> tab or download them |
| into your SDK using the Android SDK and AVD Manager. Once you've downloaded the |
| samples, you'll find them in |
| <code><em><sdk></em>/samples/<em><platform>/</em></code>. </li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p><strong>Visit the Android developer groups</strong></p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>Take a look at the <a |
| href="{@docRoot}resources/community-groups.html">Community</a> pages to see a list of |
| Android developers groups. In particular, you might want to look at the |
| <a href="http://groups.google.com/group/android-developers">Android |
| Developers</a> group to get a sense for what the Android developer |
| community is like.</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <h2 id="troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</h2> |
| |
| <h3>Ubuntu Linux Notes</h3> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li>If you need help installing and configuring Java on your |
| development machine, you might find these resources helpful: |
| <ul> |
| <li><a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Java">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Java </a></li> |
| <li><a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Java">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/JavaInstallation</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li>Here are the steps to install Java and Eclipse, prior to installing |
| the Android SDK and ADT Plugin. |
| <ol> |
| <li>If you are running a 64-bit distribution on your development |
| machine, you need to install the <code>ia32-libs</code> package using |
| <code>apt-get:</code>: |
| <pre>apt-get install ia32-libs</pre> |
| </li> |
| <li>Next, install Java: <pre>apt-get install sun-java6-jdk</pre></li> |
| <li>The Ubuntu package manager does not currently offer an Eclipse 3.3 |
| version for download, so we recommend that you download Eclipse from |
| eclipse.org (<a |
| href="http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/">http://www.eclipse.org/ |
| downloads/</a>). A Java or RCP version of Eclipse is recommended.</li> |
| <li>Follow the steps given in previous sections to install the SDK |
| and the ADT plugin. </li> |
| </ol> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <h3>Other Linux Notes</h3> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li>If JDK is already installed on your development computer, please |
| take a moment to make sure that it meets the version requirements listed |
| in the <a href="requirements.html">System Requirements</a>. |
| In particular, note that some Linux distributions may include JDK 1.4 or Gnu |
| Compiler for Java, both of which are not supported for Android development.</li> |
| </ul> |