| page.title=Hello, MapView |
| parent.title=Hello, Views |
| parent.link=index.html |
| @jd:body |
| |
| <div class="special"> |
| <p>This tutorial requires that you have the Google Maps external library |
| installed in your SDK environment. By default the Android SDK includes the |
| Google APIs add-on, which in turn includes the Maps external library. If you |
| don't have the Google APIs SDK add-on, you can download it from this |
| location:</p> |
| |
| <p style="margin-left:2em;"><a |
| href="http://code.google.com/android/add-ons/google-apis">http://code.google.com/android/add-ons/google-apis</a></p> |
| |
| <p>The Google APIs add-on requires Android 1.5 SDK or later release. After |
| installing the add-on in your SDK, set your project properties to use a <strong>Google |
| APIs</strong> build target. See the instructions for setting a build |
| target in <a href="{@docRoot}guide/developing/eclipse-adt.html">Developing in |
| Eclipse with ADT</a> or <a |
| href="{@docRoot}guide/developing/other-ide.html">Developing in Other IDEs</a>, |
| as appropriate for your environment. </p> |
| |
| <p>You will also need to use the android tool to set up an AVD that uses the |
| Google APIs deployment target. See <a |
| href="{@docRoot}guide/developing/tools/avd.html">Android Virtual Devices</a> for |
| more information. Once you have set up your environment, you will be able to |
| build and run the project described in this tutorial</a></p> |
| |
| </div> |
| |
| <p>A MapView allows you to create your own map-viewing Activity. |
| First, we'll create a simple Activity that can view and navigate a map. Then we will add some overlay items.</p> |
| |
| <ol> |
| <li>Start a new project/Activity called HelloMapView. |
| |
| <li>Because we're using the Google Maps library, |
| which is not a part of the standard Android library, we need to |
| declare it in the Android Manifest. Open the AndroidManifest.xml |
| file and add the following as a child of the <code><application></code> element: |
| |
| <pre><uses-library android:name="com.google.android.maps" /></pre> |
| </li> |
| <li>We also need access to the internet in order to retrieve the Google Maps tiles, |
| so the application must request the {@link android.Manifest.permission#INTERNET INTERNET} permissions. |
| In the manifest file, add the following as a child of the <code><manifest></code> element: |
| <pre><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /></pre> |
| </li> |
| <li>Now open the main layout file for your project. Define a layout with a com.google.android.maps.MapView |
| inside a android.widget.RelativeLayout: |
| |
| <pre> |
| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> |
| <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" |
| android:id="@+id/mainlayout" |
| android:orientation="vertical" |
| android:layout_width="fill_parent" |
| android:layout_height="fill_parent" > |
| |
| <com.google.android.maps.MapView |
| android:id="@+id/mapview" |
| android:layout_width="fill_parent" |
| android:layout_height="fill_parent" |
| android:clickable="true" |
| android:apiKey="<em>Your Maps API Key</em>" |
| /> |
| |
| </RelativeLayout> |
| </pre> |
| <p>The <code>clickable</code> attribute defines whether you want to allow user-interaction with the map. |
| In this case, we set it "true" so that the user can navigate.</p> |
| |
| <p>The <code>apiKey</code> attribute holds the Google Maps API Key that proves your application and signer |
| certificate has been registered with the Google Maps service. Because MapView uses Google Maps data, this key is required |
| in order to receive the map data, even while you are developing. Registration is free and it only takes a couple |
| minutes to register your certificate and receive a Maps API Key. For instructions on getting a key, read |
| <a href="http://code.google.com/android/add-ons/google-apis/mapkey.html">Obtaining a Maps API Key</a>. |
| (For the purpose of this tutorial, you should register with the fingerprint of the SDK debug certificate.) |
| Once you've acquired the Maps API Key, insert it for the <code>apiKey</code> value.</p></li> |
| |
| <li>Now open the HelloMapView.java file. For this Activity, we're going to extend the special sub-class of |
| Activity called MapActivity, so change the class declaration to extend |
| MapActivity, instead of Activity:</p> |
| |
| <pre>public class HelloMapView extends MapActivity {</pre> |
| |
| <li>The <code>isRouteDisplayed()</code> method is required, so add it inside the class: |
| <pre> |
| @Override |
| protected boolean isRouteDisplayed() { |
| return false; |
| } |
| </pre> |
| <p>You can actually run this now, but all it does is allow you to pan around the map.</p> |
| |
| <li>Now go back to the HelloMapView class. We'll now retrieve the ZoomControls object from |
| the MapView and add it to our new layout element. First, at the top of the HelloMapView, |
| instantiate handles for the MapView and LinearLayout, plus a ZoomControl object: |
| <pre> |
| LinearLayout linearLayout; |
| MapView mapView; |
| </pre> |
| |
| <li>Then initialize each of these in <code>onCreate()</code>. We'll capture the LinearLayout and |
| MapView through their layout resources. Then get the ZoomControls from the MapView:: |
| <pre> |
| mapView = (MapView) findViewById(R.id.mapview); |
| mapView.setBuiltInZoomControls(true); |
| </pre> |
| |
| <p>By using the built-in zoom control provided by MapView, we don't have to do any of the work |
| required to actually perform the zoom operations. The controls will appear whenever the user |
| touches the map, then disappear after a few moments of inactivity.</p></li> |
| |
| <li>Run it.</li> |
| </ol> |
| |
| <hr/> |
| |
| <p>So, we now have full interaction controls. All well and good, but what we really want our map |
| for is custom markers and layovers. Let's add some Overlay |
| objects to our map. To do this, we're going to |
| implement the ItemizedOverlay |
| class, which can manage a whole set of Overlay items for us.</p> |
| |
| <ol> |
| <li>Create a new Java class named HelloItemizedOverlay that implements ItemizedOverlay. |
| |
| <p>When using Eclipse, right-click the package name in the Eclipse Package Explorer, and select New > Class. Fill-in |
| the Name field as <em>HelloItemizedOverlay</em>. For the Superclass, enter |
| <em>com.google.android.maps.ItemizedOverlay</em>. Click the checkbox for <em>Constructors from |
| superclass</em>. Click Finish.</p></li> |
| |
| <li> First thing, we need an OverlayItem ArrayList, in which we'll put each of the OverlayItem |
| objects we want on our map. Add this at the top of the HelloItemizedOverlay class: |
| |
| <pre>private ArrayList<OverlayItem> mOverlays = new ArrayList<OverlayItem>();</pre></li> |
| |
| <li>All the constructor does is define the default marker to be used on each of the OverlayItems. |
| In order for the Drawable to actually get drawn, it must have its bounds defined. And we want the |
| center-point at the bottom of the image to be the point at which it's attached to the map |
| coordinates. We handle all this with the boundCenterBottom() method. Wrap this around our |
| defaultMarker, so the super constructor call looks like this: |
| |
| <pre>super(boundCenterBottom(defaultMarker));</pre></li> |
| |
| <li>In order to add new OverlayItems to our ArrayList, we need a new public method. We'll handle |
| this with the following method: |
| |
| <pre> |
| public void addOverlay(OverlayItem overlay) { |
| mOverlays.add(overlay); |
| populate(); |
| }</pre> |
| |
| <p>Each time we add a new OverlayItem, we must call <code>populate()</code>, which will read each of out |
| OverlayItems and prepare them to be drawn.</p></li> |
| |
| <li>In order for the <code>populate()</code> method to read each OverlayItem, it will make a request to |
| <code>createItem(int)</code>. We must define this method to properly read from our ArrayList. Replace the |
| existing contents of the createItem method with a <code>get()</code> call to our ArrayList: |
| |
| <pre> |
| @Override |
| protected OverlayItem createItem(int i) { |
| return mOverlays.get(i); |
| } |
| </pre></li> |
| |
| <li>We're also required to override the <code>size()</code> method. Replace the existing contents of the |
| method with a size request to our ArrayList: |
| |
| <pre>return mOverlays.size();</pre></li> |
| </ol> |
| |
| |
| <p>That's it for the HelloItemizedOverlay class. We're now ready to use it.</p> |
| |
| <hr/> |
| <p>Go back to the HelloMapView |
| class. We'll start by creating one OverlayItem, adding to an instance of our HelloItemizedOverlay, |
| and then adding this to the MapView.</p> |
| |
| <img src="images/androidmarker.png" align="right" /> |
| <p>First, we need the image that we'll use for our map overlay. Here, we'll use the Android on the |
| right as our marker. Drag this image (or your own) to the res/drawable/ directory of your project workspace.</p> |
| |
| <p>Now we're ready to work in the HelloMapView:</p> |
| |
| <ol> |
| <li>First we need some more types. Add the following at the top of the HelloMapView class: |
| |
| <pre> |
| List<Overlay> mapOverlays; |
| Drawable drawable; |
| HelloItemizedOverlay itemizedOverlay;</pre></li> |
| |
| <li>Now pick up where we left off in the <code>onCreate()</code> method. Instantiate the |
| new fields: |
| |
| <pre> |
| mapOverlays = mapView.getOverlays(); |
| drawable = this.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.androidmarker); |
| itemizedoverlay = new HelloItemizedOverlay(drawable);</pre> |
| |
| <p>All overlay elements on a map are held by the MapView, so when we want to add some, we must |
| first retrieve the List with <code>getOverlays()</code> methods. We instantiate the Drawable, which will |
| be used as our map marker, by using our Context resources to get the Drawable we placed in |
| the res/drawable/ directory (androidmarker.png). Our HelloItemizedOverlay takes the Drawable in order to set the |
| default marker.</p></li> |
| |
| <li>Now let's make our first OverlayItem by creating a GeoPoint |
| that defines our map coordinates, then pass it to a new OverlayItem: |
| |
| <pre> |
| GeoPoint point = new GeoPoint(19240000,-99120000); |
| OverlayItem overlayitem = new OverlayItem(point, "", "");</pre> |
| |
| <p>GeoPoint coordinates are based in microdegrees (degrees * 1e6). The OverlayItem takes this |
| GeoPoint and two strings. Here, we won't concern ourselves with the strings, which can display |
| text when we click our marker, because we haven't yet written the click handler for the OverlayItem.</p></li> |
| |
| <li>All that's left is for us to add this OverlayItem to our collection in the HelloItemizedOverlay, |
| and add this to the List of Overlay objects retrieved from the MapView: |
| |
| <pre> |
| itemizedoverlay.addOverlay(overlayitem); |
| mapOverlays.add(itemizedoverlay);</pre></li> |
| |
| <li>Run it!</li> |
| </ol> |
| |
| <p>We've sent our droid to Mexico City. Hola, Mundo!</p> |
| <p>You should see the following:</p> |
| <img src="images/hello-mapview.png" width="150px" /> |
| |
| <p>Because we created our ItemizedOverlay class with an ArrayList, we can continue adding new |
| OverlayItems. Try adding another one. Before the <code>addOverlay()</code> method is called, add these lines:</p> |
| <pre> |
| GeoPoint point2 = new GeoPoint(35410000, 139460000); |
| OverlayItem overlayitem2 = new OverlayItem(point2, "", ""); |
| </pre> |
| <p>Run it again... We've sent a new droid to Tokyo. Sekai, konichiwa!</p> |
| |