core/java/android/os/ParcelFileDescriptor.java

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package android.os;

import dalvik.system.CloseGuard;

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * The FileDescriptor returned by {@link Parcel#readFileDescriptor}, allowing
 * you to close it when done with it.
 */
public class ParcelFileDescriptor implements Parcelable, Closeable {
    private final FileDescriptor mFileDescriptor;

    /**
     * Wrapped {@link ParcelFileDescriptor}, if any. Used to avoid
     * double-closing {@link #mFileDescriptor}.
     */
    private final ParcelFileDescriptor mWrapped;

    private volatile boolean mClosed;

    private final CloseGuard mGuard = CloseGuard.get();

    /**
     * For use with {@link #open}: if {@link #MODE_CREATE} has been supplied
     * and this file doesn't already exist, then create the file with
     * permissions such that any application can read it.
     */
    public static final int MODE_WORLD_READABLE = 0x00000001;

    /**
     * For use with {@link #open}: if {@link #MODE_CREATE} has been supplied
     * and this file doesn't already exist, then create the file with
     * permissions such that any application can write it.
     */
    public static final int MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE = 0x00000002;

    /**
     * For use with {@link #open}: open the file with read-only access.
     */
    public static final int MODE_READ_ONLY = 0x10000000;

    /**
     * For use with {@link #open}: open the file with write-only access.
     */
    public static final int MODE_WRITE_ONLY = 0x20000000;

    /**
     * For use with {@link #open}: open the file with read and write access.
     */
    public static final int MODE_READ_WRITE = 0x30000000;

    /**
     * For use with {@link #open}: create the file if it doesn't already exist.
     */
    public static final int MODE_CREATE = 0x08000000;

    /**
     * For use with {@link #open}: erase contents of file when opening.
     */
    public static final int MODE_TRUNCATE = 0x04000000;

    /**
     * For use with {@link #open}: append to end of file while writing.
     */
    public static final int MODE_APPEND = 0x02000000;

    /**
     * Create a new ParcelFileDescriptor accessing a given file.
     *
     * @param file The file to be opened.
     * @param mode The desired access mode, must be one of
     * {@link #MODE_READ_ONLY}, {@link #MODE_WRITE_ONLY}, or
     * {@link #MODE_READ_WRITE}; may also be any combination of
     * {@link #MODE_CREATE}, {@link #MODE_TRUNCATE},
     * {@link #MODE_WORLD_READABLE}, and {@link #MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE}.
     *
     * @return Returns a new ParcelFileDescriptor pointing to the given
     * file.
     *
     * @throws FileNotFoundException Throws FileNotFoundException if the given
     * file does not exist or can not be opened with the requested mode.
     */
    public static ParcelFileDescriptor open(File file, int mode)
            throws FileNotFoundException {
        String path = file.getPath();
        SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
        if (security != null) {
            security.checkRead(path);
            if ((mode&MODE_WRITE_ONLY) != 0) {
                security.checkWrite(path);
            }
        }

        if ((mode&MODE_READ_WRITE) == 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Must specify MODE_READ_ONLY, MODE_WRITE_ONLY, or MODE_READ_WRITE");
        }

        FileDescriptor fd = Parcel.openFileDescriptor(path, mode);
        return fd != null ? new ParcelFileDescriptor(fd) : null;
    }

    /**
     * Create a new ParcelFileDescriptor that is a dup of an existing
     * FileDescriptor.  This obeys standard POSIX semantics, where the
     * new file descriptor shared state such as file position with the
     * original file descriptor.
     */
    public static ParcelFileDescriptor dup(FileDescriptor orig) throws IOException {
        FileDescriptor fd = Parcel.dupFileDescriptor(orig);
        return fd != null ? new ParcelFileDescriptor(fd) : null;
    }

    /**
     * Create a new ParcelFileDescriptor that is a dup of the existing
     * FileDescriptor.  This obeys standard POSIX semantics, where the
     * new file descriptor shared state such as file position with the
     * original file descriptor.
     */
    public ParcelFileDescriptor dup() throws IOException {
        return dup(getFileDescriptor());
    }

    /**
     * Create a new ParcelFileDescriptor from a raw native fd.  The new
     * ParcelFileDescriptor holds a dup of the original fd passed in here,
     * so you must still close that fd as well as the new ParcelFileDescriptor.
     *
     * @param fd The native fd that the ParcelFileDescriptor should dup.
     *
     * @return Returns a new ParcelFileDescriptor holding a FileDescriptor
     * for a dup of the given fd.
     */
    public static ParcelFileDescriptor fromFd(int fd) throws IOException {
        FileDescriptor fdesc = getFileDescriptorFromFd(fd);
        return new ParcelFileDescriptor(fdesc);
    }

    // Extracts the file descriptor from the specified socket and returns it untouched
    private static native FileDescriptor getFileDescriptorFromFd(int fd) throws IOException;

    /**
     * Take ownership of a raw native fd in to a new ParcelFileDescriptor.
     * The returned ParcelFileDescriptor now owns the given fd, and will be
     * responsible for closing it.  You must not close the fd yourself.
     *
     * @param fd The native fd that the ParcelFileDescriptor should adopt.
     *
     * @return Returns a new ParcelFileDescriptor holding a FileDescriptor
     * for the given fd.
     */
    public static ParcelFileDescriptor adoptFd(int fd) {
        FileDescriptor fdesc = getFileDescriptorFromFdNoDup(fd);
        return new ParcelFileDescriptor(fdesc);
    }

    // Extracts the file descriptor from the specified socket and returns it untouched
    private static native FileDescriptor getFileDescriptorFromFdNoDup(int fd);

    /**
     * Create a new ParcelFileDescriptor from the specified Socket.  The new
     * ParcelFileDescriptor holds a dup of the original FileDescriptor in
     * the Socket, so you must still close the Socket as well as the new
     * ParcelFileDescriptor.
     *
     * @param socket The Socket whose FileDescriptor is used to create
     *               a new ParcelFileDescriptor.
     *
     * @return A new ParcelFileDescriptor with the FileDescriptor of the
     *         specified Socket.
     */
    public static ParcelFileDescriptor fromSocket(Socket socket) {
        FileDescriptor fd = socket.getFileDescriptor$();
        return fd != null ? new ParcelFileDescriptor(fd) : null;
    }

    /**
     * Create a new ParcelFileDescriptor from the specified DatagramSocket.
     *
     * @param datagramSocket The DatagramSocket whose FileDescriptor is used
     *               to create a new ParcelFileDescriptor.
     *
     * @return A new ParcelFileDescriptor with the FileDescriptor of the
     *         specified DatagramSocket.
     */
    public static ParcelFileDescriptor fromDatagramSocket(DatagramSocket datagramSocket) {
        FileDescriptor fd = datagramSocket.getFileDescriptor$();
        return fd != null ? new ParcelFileDescriptor(fd) : null;
    }

    /**
     * Create two ParcelFileDescriptors structured as a data pipe.  The first
     * ParcelFileDescriptor in the returned array is the read side; the second
     * is the write side.
     */
    public static ParcelFileDescriptor[] createPipe() throws IOException {
        FileDescriptor[] fds = new FileDescriptor[2];
        createPipeNative(fds);
        ParcelFileDescriptor[] pfds = new ParcelFileDescriptor[2];
        pfds[0] = new ParcelFileDescriptor(fds[0]);
        pfds[1] = new ParcelFileDescriptor(fds[1]);
        return pfds;
    }

    private static native void createPipeNative(FileDescriptor[] outFds) throws IOException;

    /**
     * @hide Please use createPipe() or ContentProvider.openPipeHelper().
     * Gets a file descriptor for a read-only copy of the given data.
     *
     * @param data Data to copy.
     * @param name Name for the shared memory area that may back the file descriptor.
     *        This is purely informative and may be {@code null}.
     * @return A ParcelFileDescriptor.
     * @throws IOException if there is an error while creating the shared memory area.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public static ParcelFileDescriptor fromData(byte[] data, String name) throws IOException {
        if (data == null) return null;
        MemoryFile file = new MemoryFile(name, data.length);
        if (data.length > 0) {
            file.writeBytes(data, 0, 0, data.length);
        }
        file.deactivate();
        FileDescriptor fd = file.getFileDescriptor();
        return fd != null ? new ParcelFileDescriptor(fd) : null;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve the actual FileDescriptor associated with this object.
     *
     * @return Returns the FileDescriptor associated with this object.
     */
    public FileDescriptor getFileDescriptor() {
        return mFileDescriptor;
    }

    /**
     * Return the total size of the file representing this fd, as determined
     * by stat().  Returns -1 if the fd is not a file.
     */
    public native long getStatSize();

    /**
     * This is needed for implementing AssetFileDescriptor.AutoCloseOutputStream,
     * and I really don't think we want it to be public.
     * @hide
     */
    public native long seekTo(long pos);

    /**
     * Return the native fd int for this ParcelFileDescriptor.  The
     * ParcelFileDescriptor still owns the fd, and it still must be closed
     * through this API.
     */
    public int getFd() {
        if (mClosed) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Already closed");
        }
        return getFdNative();
    }

    private native int getFdNative();

    /**
     * Return the native fd int for this ParcelFileDescriptor and detach it
     * from the object here.  You are now responsible for closing the fd in
     * native code.
     */
    public int detachFd() {
        if (mClosed) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Already closed");
        }
        if (mWrapped != null) {
            int fd = mWrapped.detachFd();
            mClosed = true;
            mGuard.close();
            return fd;
        }
        int fd = getFd();
        mClosed = true;
        mGuard.close();
        Parcel.clearFileDescriptor(mFileDescriptor);
        return fd;
    }

    /**
     * Close the ParcelFileDescriptor. This implementation closes the underlying
     * OS resources allocated to represent this stream.
     *
     * @throws IOException
     *             If an error occurs attempting to close this ParcelFileDescriptor.
     */
    @Override
    public void close() throws IOException {
        if (mClosed) return;
        mClosed = true;
        mGuard.close();

        if (mWrapped != null) {
            // If this is a proxy to another file descriptor, just call through to its
            // close method.
            mWrapped.close();
        } else {
            Parcel.closeFileDescriptor(mFileDescriptor);
        }
    }

    /**
     * An InputStream you can create on a ParcelFileDescriptor, which will
     * take care of calling {@link ParcelFileDescriptor#close
     * ParcelFileDescriptor.close()} for you when the stream is closed.
     */
    public static class AutoCloseInputStream extends FileInputStream {
        private final ParcelFileDescriptor mFd;

        public AutoCloseInputStream(ParcelFileDescriptor fd) {
            super(fd.getFileDescriptor());
            mFd = fd;
        }

        @Override
        public void close() throws IOException {
            try {
                mFd.close();
            } finally {
                super.close();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * An OutputStream you can create on a ParcelFileDescriptor, which will
     * take care of calling {@link ParcelFileDescriptor#close
     * ParcelFileDescriptor.close()} for you when the stream is closed.
     */
    public static class AutoCloseOutputStream extends FileOutputStream {
        private final ParcelFileDescriptor mFd;

        public AutoCloseOutputStream(ParcelFileDescriptor fd) {
            super(fd.getFileDescriptor());
            mFd = fd;
        }

        @Override
        public void close() throws IOException {
            try {
                mFd.close();
            } finally {
                super.close();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "{ParcelFileDescriptor: " + mFileDescriptor + "}";
    }

    @Override
    protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
        if (mGuard != null) {
            mGuard.warnIfOpen();
        }
        try {
            if (!mClosed) {
                close();
            }
        } finally {
            super.finalize();
        }
    }

    public ParcelFileDescriptor(ParcelFileDescriptor descriptor) {
        mWrapped = descriptor;
        mFileDescriptor = mWrapped.mFileDescriptor;
        mGuard.open("close");
    }

    /** {@hide} */
    public ParcelFileDescriptor(FileDescriptor descriptor) {
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("descriptor must not be null");
        }
        mWrapped = null;
        mFileDescriptor = descriptor;
        mGuard.open("close");
    }

    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        return Parcelable.CONTENTS_FILE_DESCRIPTOR;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     * If {@link Parcelable#PARCELABLE_WRITE_RETURN_VALUE} is set in flags,
     * the file descriptor will be closed after a copy is written to the Parcel.
     */
    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel out, int flags) {
        out.writeFileDescriptor(mFileDescriptor);
        if ((flags&PARCELABLE_WRITE_RETURN_VALUE) != 0 && !mClosed) {
            try {
                close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // Empty
            }
        }
    }

    public static final Parcelable.Creator<ParcelFileDescriptor> CREATOR
            = new Parcelable.Creator<ParcelFileDescriptor>() {
        @Override
        public ParcelFileDescriptor createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
            return in.readFileDescriptor();
        }

        @Override
        public ParcelFileDescriptor[] newArray(int size) {
            return new ParcelFileDescriptor[size];
        }
    };
}