services/core/java/com/android/server/LocationManagerService.java

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.android.server;

import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;

import android.annotation.NonNull;
import android.annotation.Nullable;
import android.app.ActivityManager;
import android.app.AppOpsManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.content.pm.PackageManagerInternal;
import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;
import android.content.pm.Signature;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.database.ContentObserver;
import android.hardware.location.ActivityRecognitionHardware;
import android.location.Address;
import android.location.Criteria;
import android.location.GeocoderParams;
import android.location.Geofence;
import android.location.IBatchedLocationCallback;
import android.location.IGnssMeasurementsListener;
import android.location.IGnssNavigationMessageListener;
import android.location.IGnssStatusListener;
import android.location.IGnssStatusProvider;
import android.location.IGpsGeofenceHardware;
import android.location.ILocationListener;
import android.location.ILocationManager;
import android.location.INetInitiatedListener;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.location.LocationProvider;
import android.location.LocationRequest;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.PowerManager;
import android.os.Process;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.os.UserHandle;
import android.os.UserManager;
import android.os.WorkSource;
import android.os.WorkSource.WorkChain;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.ArrayMap;
import android.util.ArraySet;
import android.util.EventLog;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Slog;
import com.android.internal.content.PackageMonitor;
import com.android.internal.location.ProviderProperties;
import com.android.internal.location.ProviderRequest;
import com.android.internal.os.BackgroundThread;
import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
import com.android.internal.util.DumpUtils;
import com.android.server.location.ActivityRecognitionProxy;
import com.android.server.location.GeocoderProxy;
import com.android.server.location.GeofenceManager;
import com.android.server.location.GeofenceProxy;
import com.android.server.location.GnssBatchingProvider;
import com.android.server.location.GnssLocationProvider;
import com.android.server.location.GnssMeasurementsProvider;
import com.android.server.location.GnssNavigationMessageProvider;
import com.android.server.location.LocationBlacklist;
import com.android.server.location.LocationFudger;
import com.android.server.location.LocationProviderInterface;
import com.android.server.location.LocationProviderProxy;
import com.android.server.location.LocationRequestStatistics;
import com.android.server.location.LocationRequestStatistics.PackageProviderKey;
import com.android.server.location.LocationRequestStatistics.PackageStatistics;
import com.android.server.location.MockProvider;
import com.android.server.location.PassiveProvider;
import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * The service class that manages LocationProviders and issues location
 * updates and alerts.
 */
public class LocationManagerService extends ILocationManager.Stub {
    private static final String TAG = "LocationManagerService";
    public static final boolean D = Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.DEBUG);

    private static final String WAKELOCK_KEY = "*location*";

    // Location resolution level: no location data whatsoever
    private static final int RESOLUTION_LEVEL_NONE = 0;
    // Location resolution level: coarse location data only
    private static final int RESOLUTION_LEVEL_COARSE = 1;
    // Location resolution level: fine location data
    private static final int RESOLUTION_LEVEL_FINE = 2;

    private static final String ACCESS_MOCK_LOCATION =
            android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_MOCK_LOCATION;
    private static final String ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS =
            android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS;
    private static final String INSTALL_LOCATION_PROVIDER =
            android.Manifest.permission.INSTALL_LOCATION_PROVIDER;

    private static final String NETWORK_LOCATION_SERVICE_ACTION =
            "com.android.location.service.v3.NetworkLocationProvider";
    private static final String FUSED_LOCATION_SERVICE_ACTION =
            "com.android.location.service.FusedLocationProvider";

    private static final int MSG_LOCATION_CHANGED = 1;

    private static final long NANOS_PER_MILLI = 1000000L;

    // The maximum interval a location request can have and still be considered "high power".
    private static final long HIGH_POWER_INTERVAL_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000;

    private static final int FOREGROUND_IMPORTANCE_CUTOFF
            = ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo.IMPORTANCE_FOREGROUND_SERVICE;

    // default background throttling interval if not overriden in settings
    private static final long DEFAULT_BACKGROUND_THROTTLE_INTERVAL_MS = 30 * 60 * 1000;

    // Default value for maximum age of last location returned to applications with foreground-only
    // location permissions.
    private static final long DEFAULT_LAST_LOCATION_MAX_AGE_MS = 20 * 60 * 1000;

    // Location Providers may sometimes deliver location updates
    // slightly faster that requested - provide grace period so
    // we don't unnecessarily filter events that are otherwise on
    // time
    private static final int MAX_PROVIDER_SCHEDULING_JITTER_MS = 100;

    private static final LocationRequest DEFAULT_LOCATION_REQUEST = new LocationRequest();

    private final Context mContext;
    private final AppOpsManager mAppOps;

    // used internally for synchronization
    private final Object mLock = new Object();

    // --- fields below are final after systemRunning() ---
    private LocationFudger mLocationFudger;
    private GeofenceManager mGeofenceManager;
    private PackageManager mPackageManager;
    private PowerManager mPowerManager;
    private ActivityManager mActivityManager;
    private UserManager mUserManager;
    private GeocoderProxy mGeocodeProvider;
    private IGnssStatusProvider mGnssStatusProvider;
    private INetInitiatedListener mNetInitiatedListener;
    private LocationWorkerHandler mLocationHandler;
    private PassiveProvider mPassiveProvider;  // track passive provider for special cases
    private LocationBlacklist mBlacklist;
    private GnssMeasurementsProvider mGnssMeasurementsProvider;
    private GnssNavigationMessageProvider mGnssNavigationMessageProvider;
    private IGpsGeofenceHardware mGpsGeofenceProxy;

    // --- fields below are protected by mLock ---
    // Set of providers that are explicitly enabled
    // Only used by passive, fused & test.  Network & GPS are controlled separately, and not listed.
    private final Set<String> mEnabledProviders = new HashSet<>();

    // Set of providers that are explicitly disabled
    private final Set<String> mDisabledProviders = new HashSet<>();

    // Mock (test) providers
    private final HashMap<String, MockProvider> mMockProviders =
            new HashMap<>();

    // all receivers
    private final HashMap<Object, Receiver> mReceivers = new HashMap<>();

    // currently installed providers (with mocks replacing real providers)
    private final ArrayList<LocationProviderInterface> mProviders =
            new ArrayList<>();

    // real providers, saved here when mocked out
    private final HashMap<String, LocationProviderInterface> mRealProviders =
            new HashMap<>();

    // mapping from provider name to provider
    private final HashMap<String, LocationProviderInterface> mProvidersByName =
            new HashMap<>();

    // mapping from provider name to all its UpdateRecords
    private final HashMap<String, ArrayList<UpdateRecord>> mRecordsByProvider =
            new HashMap<>();

    private final LocationRequestStatistics mRequestStatistics = new LocationRequestStatistics();

    // mapping from provider name to last known location
    private final HashMap<String, Location> mLastLocation = new HashMap<>();

    // same as mLastLocation, but is not updated faster than LocationFudger.FASTEST_INTERVAL_MS.
    // locations stored here are not fudged for coarse permissions.
    private final HashMap<String, Location> mLastLocationCoarseInterval =
            new HashMap<>();

    // all providers that operate over proxy, for authorizing incoming location and whitelisting
    // throttling
    private final ArrayList<LocationProviderProxy> mProxyProviders =
            new ArrayList<>();

    private final ArraySet<String> mBackgroundThrottlePackageWhitelist = new ArraySet<>();

    private final ArrayMap<IBinder, Identity> mGnssMeasurementsListeners = new ArrayMap<>();

    private final ArrayMap<IBinder, Identity>
            mGnssNavigationMessageListeners = new ArrayMap<>();

    // current active user on the device - other users are denied location data
    private int mCurrentUserId = UserHandle.USER_SYSTEM;
    private int[] mCurrentUserProfiles = new int[]{UserHandle.USER_SYSTEM};

    // Maximum age of last location returned to clients with foreground-only location permissions.
    private long mLastLocationMaxAgeMs;

    private GnssLocationProvider.GnssSystemInfoProvider mGnssSystemInfoProvider;

    private GnssLocationProvider.GnssMetricsProvider mGnssMetricsProvider;

    private GnssBatchingProvider mGnssBatchingProvider;
    private IBatchedLocationCallback mGnssBatchingCallback;
    private LinkedCallback mGnssBatchingDeathCallback;
    private boolean mGnssBatchingInProgress = false;

    public LocationManagerService(Context context) {
        super();
        mContext = context;
        mAppOps = (AppOpsManager) context.getSystemService(Context.APP_OPS_SERVICE);

        // Let the package manager query which are the default location
        // providers as they get certain permissions granted by default.
        PackageManagerInternal packageManagerInternal = LocalServices.getService(
                PackageManagerInternal.class);
        packageManagerInternal.setLocationPackagesProvider(
                new PackageManagerInternal.PackagesProvider() {
                    @Override
                    public String[] getPackages(int userId) {
                        return mContext.getResources().getStringArray(
                                com.android.internal.R.array.config_locationProviderPackageNames);
                    }
                });

        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "Constructed");

        // most startup is deferred until systemRunning()
    }

    public void systemRunning() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            if (D) Log.d(TAG, "systemRunning()");

            // fetch package manager
            mPackageManager = mContext.getPackageManager();

            // fetch power manager
            mPowerManager = (PowerManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);

            // fetch activity manager
            mActivityManager
                    = (ActivityManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);

            // prepare worker thread
            mLocationHandler = new LocationWorkerHandler(BackgroundThread.get().getLooper());

            // prepare mLocationHandler's dependents
            mLocationFudger = new LocationFudger(mContext, mLocationHandler);
            mBlacklist = new LocationBlacklist(mContext, mLocationHandler);
            mBlacklist.init();
            mGeofenceManager = new GeofenceManager(mContext, mBlacklist);

            // Monitor for app ops mode changes.
            AppOpsManager.OnOpChangedListener callback
                    = new AppOpsManager.OnOpChangedInternalListener() {
                public void onOpChanged(int op, String packageName) {
                    synchronized (mLock) {
                        for (Receiver receiver : mReceivers.values()) {
                            receiver.updateMonitoring(true);
                        }
                        applyAllProviderRequirementsLocked();
                    }
                }
            };
            mAppOps.startWatchingMode(AppOpsManager.OP_COARSE_LOCATION, null,
                    AppOpsManager.WATCH_FOREGROUND_CHANGES, callback);

            PackageManager.OnPermissionsChangedListener permissionListener
                    = new PackageManager.OnPermissionsChangedListener() {
                @Override
                public void onPermissionsChanged(final int uid) {
                    synchronized (mLock) {
                        applyAllProviderRequirementsLocked();
                    }
                }
            };
            mPackageManager.addOnPermissionsChangeListener(permissionListener);

            // listen for background/foreground changes
            ActivityManager.OnUidImportanceListener uidImportanceListener
                    = new ActivityManager.OnUidImportanceListener() {
                @Override
                public void onUidImportance(final int uid, final int importance) {
                    mLocationHandler.post(new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            onUidImportanceChanged(uid, importance);
                        }
                    });
                }
            };
            mActivityManager.addOnUidImportanceListener(uidImportanceListener,
                    FOREGROUND_IMPORTANCE_CUTOFF);

            mUserManager = (UserManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.USER_SERVICE);
            updateUserProfiles(mCurrentUserId);

            updateBackgroundThrottlingWhitelistLocked();
            updateLastLocationMaxAgeLocked();

            // prepare providers
            loadProvidersLocked();
            updateProvidersLocked();
        }

        // listen for settings changes
        mContext.getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(
                Settings.Secure.getUriFor(Settings.Secure.LOCATION_PROVIDERS_ALLOWED), true,
                new ContentObserver(mLocationHandler) {
                    @Override
                    public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
                        synchronized (mLock) {
                            updateProvidersLocked();
                        }
                    }
                }, UserHandle.USER_ALL);
        mContext.getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(
                Settings.Global.getUriFor(Settings.Global.LOCATION_BACKGROUND_THROTTLE_INTERVAL_MS),
                true,
                new ContentObserver(mLocationHandler) {
                    @Override
                    public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
                        synchronized (mLock) {
                            updateProvidersLocked();
                        }
                    }
                }, UserHandle.USER_ALL);
        mContext.getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(
                Settings.Global.getUriFor(Settings.Global.LOCATION_LAST_LOCATION_MAX_AGE_MILLIS),
                true,
                new ContentObserver(mLocationHandler) {
                    @Override
                    public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
                        synchronized (mLock) {
                            updateLastLocationMaxAgeLocked();
                        }
                    }
                }
        );
        mContext.getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(
                Settings.Global.getUriFor(
                        Settings.Global.LOCATION_BACKGROUND_THROTTLE_PACKAGE_WHITELIST),
                true,
                new ContentObserver(mLocationHandler) {
                    @Override
                    public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
                        synchronized (mLock) {
                            updateBackgroundThrottlingWhitelistLocked();
                            updateProvidersLocked();
                        }
                    }
                }, UserHandle.USER_ALL);

        mPackageMonitor.register(mContext, mLocationHandler.getLooper(), true);

        // listen for user change
        IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_SWITCHED);
        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MANAGED_PROFILE_ADDED);
        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MANAGED_PROFILE_REMOVED);
        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SHUTDOWN);

        mContext.registerReceiverAsUser(new BroadcastReceiver() {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                String action = intent.getAction();
                if (Intent.ACTION_USER_SWITCHED.equals(action)) {
                    switchUser(intent.getIntExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, 0));
                } else if (Intent.ACTION_MANAGED_PROFILE_ADDED.equals(action)
                        || Intent.ACTION_MANAGED_PROFILE_REMOVED.equals(action)) {
                    updateUserProfiles(mCurrentUserId);
                } else if (Intent.ACTION_SHUTDOWN.equals(action)) {
                    // shutdown only if UserId indicates whole system, not just one user
                    if (D) Log.d(TAG, "Shutdown received with UserId: " + getSendingUserId());
                    if (getSendingUserId() == UserHandle.USER_ALL) {
                        shutdownComponents();
                    }
                }
            }
        }, UserHandle.ALL, intentFilter, null, mLocationHandler);
    }

    private void onUidImportanceChanged(int uid, int importance) {
        boolean foreground = isImportanceForeground(importance);
        HashSet<String> affectedProviders = new HashSet<>(mRecordsByProvider.size());
        synchronized (mLock) {
            for (Entry<String, ArrayList<UpdateRecord>> entry
                    : mRecordsByProvider.entrySet()) {
                String provider = entry.getKey();
                for (UpdateRecord record : entry.getValue()) {
                    if (record.mReceiver.mIdentity.mUid == uid
                            && record.mIsForegroundUid != foreground) {
                        if (D) {
                            Log.d(TAG, "request from uid " + uid + " is now "
                                    + (foreground ? "foreground" : "background)"));
                        }
                        record.updateForeground(foreground);

                        if (!isThrottlingExemptLocked(record.mReceiver.mIdentity)) {
                            affectedProviders.add(provider);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            for (String provider : affectedProviders) {
                applyRequirementsLocked(provider);
            }

            for (Entry<IBinder, Identity> entry : mGnssMeasurementsListeners.entrySet()) {
                if (entry.getValue().mUid == uid) {
                    if (D) {
                        Log.d(TAG, "gnss measurements listener from uid " + uid
                                + " is now " + (foreground ? "foreground" : "background)"));
                    }
                    if (foreground || isThrottlingExemptLocked(entry.getValue())) {
                        mGnssMeasurementsProvider.addListener(
                                IGnssMeasurementsListener.Stub.asInterface(entry.getKey()));
                    } else {
                        mGnssMeasurementsProvider.removeListener(
                                IGnssMeasurementsListener.Stub.asInterface(entry.getKey()));
                    }
                }
            }

            for (Entry<IBinder, Identity> entry : mGnssNavigationMessageListeners.entrySet()) {
                if (entry.getValue().mUid == uid) {
                    if (D) {
                        Log.d(TAG, "gnss navigation message listener from uid "
                                + uid + " is now "
                                + (foreground ? "foreground" : "background)"));
                    }
                    if (foreground || isThrottlingExemptLocked(entry.getValue())) {
                        mGnssNavigationMessageProvider.addListener(
                                IGnssNavigationMessageListener.Stub.asInterface(entry.getKey()));
                    } else {
                        mGnssNavigationMessageProvider.removeListener(
                                IGnssNavigationMessageListener.Stub.asInterface(entry.getKey()));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static boolean isImportanceForeground(int importance) {
        return importance <= FOREGROUND_IMPORTANCE_CUTOFF;
    }

    /**
     * Provides a way for components held by the {@link LocationManagerService} to clean-up
     * gracefully on system's shutdown.
     *
     * NOTES:
     * 1) Only provides a chance to clean-up on an opt-in basis. This guarantees back-compat
     * support for components that do not wish to handle such event.
     */
    private void shutdownComponents() {
        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "Shutting down components...");

        LocationProviderInterface gpsProvider = mProvidersByName.get(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
        if (gpsProvider != null && gpsProvider.isEnabled()) {
            gpsProvider.disable();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Makes a list of userids that are related to the current user. This is
     * relevant when using managed profiles. Otherwise the list only contains
     * the current user.
     *
     * @param currentUserId the current user, who might have an alter-ego.
     */
    void updateUserProfiles(int currentUserId) {
        int[] profileIds = mUserManager.getProfileIdsWithDisabled(currentUserId);
        synchronized (mLock) {
            mCurrentUserProfiles = profileIds;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the specified userId matches any of the current foreground
     * users stored in mCurrentUserProfiles.
     */
    private boolean isCurrentProfile(int userId) {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            return ArrayUtils.contains(mCurrentUserProfiles, userId);
        }
    }

    private void ensureFallbackFusedProviderPresentLocked(ArrayList<String> pkgs) {
        PackageManager pm = mContext.getPackageManager();
        String systemPackageName = mContext.getPackageName();
        ArrayList<HashSet<Signature>> sigSets = ServiceWatcher.getSignatureSets(mContext, pkgs);

        List<ResolveInfo> rInfos = pm.queryIntentServicesAsUser(
                new Intent(FUSED_LOCATION_SERVICE_ACTION),
                PackageManager.GET_META_DATA, mCurrentUserId);
        for (ResolveInfo rInfo : rInfos) {
            String packageName = rInfo.serviceInfo.packageName;

            // Check that the signature is in the list of supported sigs. If it's not in
            // this list the standard provider binding logic won't bind to it.
            try {
                PackageInfo pInfo;
                pInfo = pm.getPackageInfo(packageName, PackageManager.GET_SIGNATURES);
                if (!ServiceWatcher.isSignatureMatch(pInfo.signatures, sigSets)) {
                    Log.w(TAG, packageName + " resolves service " + FUSED_LOCATION_SERVICE_ACTION +
                            ", but has wrong signature, ignoring");
                    continue;
                }
            } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "missing package: " + packageName);
                continue;
            }

            // Get the version info
            if (rInfo.serviceInfo.metaData == null) {
                Log.w(TAG, "Found fused provider without metadata: " + packageName);
                continue;
            }

            int version = rInfo.serviceInfo.metaData.getInt(
                    ServiceWatcher.EXTRA_SERVICE_VERSION, -1);
            if (version == 0) {
                // This should be the fallback fused location provider.

                // Make sure it's in the system partition.
                if ((rInfo.serviceInfo.applicationInfo.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) == 0) {
                    if (D) Log.d(TAG, "Fallback candidate not in /system: " + packageName);
                    continue;
                }

                // Check that the fallback is signed the same as the OS
                // as a proxy for coreApp="true"
                if (pm.checkSignatures(systemPackageName, packageName)
                        != PackageManager.SIGNATURE_MATCH) {
                    if (D) {
                        Log.d(TAG, "Fallback candidate not signed the same as system: "
                                + packageName);
                    }
                    continue;
                }

                // Found a valid fallback.
                if (D) Log.d(TAG, "Found fallback provider: " + packageName);
                return;
            } else {
                if (D) Log.d(TAG, "Fallback candidate not version 0: " + packageName);
            }
        }

        throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to find a fused location provider that is in the "
                + "system partition with version 0 and signed with the platform certificate. "
                + "Such a package is needed to provide a default fused location provider in the "
                + "event that no other fused location provider has been installed or is currently "
                + "available. For example, coreOnly boot mode when decrypting the data "
                + "partition. The fallback must also be marked coreApp=\"true\" in the manifest");
    }

    private void loadProvidersLocked() {
        // create a passive location provider, which is always enabled
        PassiveProvider passiveProvider = new PassiveProvider(this);
        addProviderLocked(passiveProvider);
        mEnabledProviders.add(passiveProvider.getName());
        mPassiveProvider = passiveProvider;

        if (GnssLocationProvider.isSupported()) {
            // Create a gps location provider
            GnssLocationProvider gnssProvider = new GnssLocationProvider(mContext, this,
                    mLocationHandler.getLooper());
            mGnssSystemInfoProvider = gnssProvider.getGnssSystemInfoProvider();
            mGnssBatchingProvider = gnssProvider.getGnssBatchingProvider();
            mGnssMetricsProvider = gnssProvider.getGnssMetricsProvider();
            mGnssStatusProvider = gnssProvider.getGnssStatusProvider();
            mNetInitiatedListener = gnssProvider.getNetInitiatedListener();
            addProviderLocked(gnssProvider);
            mRealProviders.put(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, gnssProvider);
            mGnssMeasurementsProvider = gnssProvider.getGnssMeasurementsProvider();
            mGnssNavigationMessageProvider = gnssProvider.getGnssNavigationMessageProvider();
            mGpsGeofenceProxy = gnssProvider.getGpsGeofenceProxy();
        }

        /*
        Load package name(s) containing location provider support.
        These packages can contain services implementing location providers:
        Geocoder Provider, Network Location Provider, and
        Fused Location Provider. They will each be searched for
        service components implementing these providers.
        The location framework also has support for installation
        of new location providers at run-time. The new package does not
        have to be explicitly listed here, however it must have a signature
        that matches the signature of at least one package on this list.
        */
        Resources resources = mContext.getResources();
        ArrayList<String> providerPackageNames = new ArrayList<>();
        String[] pkgs = resources.getStringArray(
                com.android.internal.R.array.config_locationProviderPackageNames);
        if (D) {
            Log.d(TAG, "certificates for location providers pulled from: " +
                    Arrays.toString(pkgs));
        }
        if (pkgs != null) providerPackageNames.addAll(Arrays.asList(pkgs));

        ensureFallbackFusedProviderPresentLocked(providerPackageNames);

        // bind to network provider
        LocationProviderProxy networkProvider = LocationProviderProxy.createAndBind(
                mContext,
                LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER,
                NETWORK_LOCATION_SERVICE_ACTION,
                com.android.internal.R.bool.config_enableNetworkLocationOverlay,
                com.android.internal.R.string.config_networkLocationProviderPackageName,
                com.android.internal.R.array.config_locationProviderPackageNames,
                mLocationHandler);
        if (networkProvider != null) {
            mRealProviders.put(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, networkProvider);
            mProxyProviders.add(networkProvider);
            addProviderLocked(networkProvider);
        } else {
            Slog.w(TAG, "no network location provider found");
        }

        // bind to fused provider
        LocationProviderProxy fusedLocationProvider = LocationProviderProxy.createAndBind(
                mContext,
                LocationManager.FUSED_PROVIDER,
                FUSED_LOCATION_SERVICE_ACTION,
                com.android.internal.R.bool.config_enableFusedLocationOverlay,
                com.android.internal.R.string.config_fusedLocationProviderPackageName,
                com.android.internal.R.array.config_locationProviderPackageNames,
                mLocationHandler);
        if (fusedLocationProvider != null) {
            addProviderLocked(fusedLocationProvider);
            mProxyProviders.add(fusedLocationProvider);
            mEnabledProviders.add(fusedLocationProvider.getName());
            mRealProviders.put(LocationManager.FUSED_PROVIDER, fusedLocationProvider);
        } else {
            Slog.e(TAG, "no fused location provider found",
                    new IllegalStateException("Location service needs a fused location provider"));
        }

        // bind to geocoder provider
        mGeocodeProvider = GeocoderProxy.createAndBind(mContext,
                com.android.internal.R.bool.config_enableGeocoderOverlay,
                com.android.internal.R.string.config_geocoderProviderPackageName,
                com.android.internal.R.array.config_locationProviderPackageNames,
                mLocationHandler);
        if (mGeocodeProvider == null) {
            Slog.e(TAG, "no geocoder provider found");
        }

        // bind to geofence provider
        GeofenceProxy provider = GeofenceProxy.createAndBind(
                mContext, com.android.internal.R.bool.config_enableGeofenceOverlay,
                com.android.internal.R.string.config_geofenceProviderPackageName,
                com.android.internal.R.array.config_locationProviderPackageNames,
                mLocationHandler,
                mGpsGeofenceProxy,
                null);
        if (provider == null) {
            Slog.d(TAG, "Unable to bind FLP Geofence proxy.");
        }

        // bind to hardware activity recognition
        boolean activityRecognitionHardwareIsSupported = ActivityRecognitionHardware.isSupported();
        ActivityRecognitionHardware activityRecognitionHardware = null;
        if (activityRecognitionHardwareIsSupported) {
            activityRecognitionHardware = ActivityRecognitionHardware.getInstance(mContext);
        } else {
            Slog.d(TAG, "Hardware Activity-Recognition not supported.");
        }
        ActivityRecognitionProxy proxy = ActivityRecognitionProxy.createAndBind(
                mContext,
                mLocationHandler,
                activityRecognitionHardwareIsSupported,
                activityRecognitionHardware,
                com.android.internal.R.bool.config_enableActivityRecognitionHardwareOverlay,
                com.android.internal.R.string.config_activityRecognitionHardwarePackageName,
                com.android.internal.R.array.config_locationProviderPackageNames);
        if (proxy == null) {
            Slog.d(TAG, "Unable to bind ActivityRecognitionProxy.");
        }

        String[] testProviderStrings = resources.getStringArray(
                com.android.internal.R.array.config_testLocationProviders);
        for (String testProviderString : testProviderStrings) {
            String fragments[] = testProviderString.split(",");
            String name = fragments[0].trim();
            if (mProvidersByName.get(name) != null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Provider \"" + name + "\" already exists");
            }
            ProviderProperties properties = new ProviderProperties(
                    Boolean.parseBoolean(fragments[1]) /* requiresNetwork */,
                    Boolean.parseBoolean(fragments[2]) /* requiresSatellite */,
                    Boolean.parseBoolean(fragments[3]) /* requiresCell */,
                    Boolean.parseBoolean(fragments[4]) /* hasMonetaryCost */,
                    Boolean.parseBoolean(fragments[5]) /* supportsAltitude */,
                    Boolean.parseBoolean(fragments[6]) /* supportsSpeed */,
                    Boolean.parseBoolean(fragments[7]) /* supportsBearing */,
                    Integer.parseInt(fragments[8]) /* powerRequirement */,
                    Integer.parseInt(fragments[9]) /* accuracy */);
            addTestProviderLocked(name, properties);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Called when the device's active user changes.
     *
     * @param userId the new active user's UserId
     */
    private void switchUser(int userId) {
        if (mCurrentUserId == userId) {
            return;
        }
        mBlacklist.switchUser(userId);
        mLocationHandler.removeMessages(MSG_LOCATION_CHANGED);
        synchronized (mLock) {
            mLastLocation.clear();
            mLastLocationCoarseInterval.clear();
            for (LocationProviderInterface p : mProviders) {
                updateProviderListenersLocked(p.getName(), false);
            }
            mCurrentUserId = userId;
            updateUserProfiles(userId);
            updateProvidersLocked();
        }
    }

    private static final class Identity {
        final int mUid;
        final int mPid;
        final String mPackageName;

        Identity(int uid, int pid, String packageName) {
            mUid = uid;
            mPid = pid;
            mPackageName = packageName;
        }
    }

    /**
     * A wrapper class holding either an ILocationListener or a PendingIntent to receive
     * location updates.
     */
    private final class Receiver implements IBinder.DeathRecipient, PendingIntent.OnFinished {
        final Identity mIdentity;
        final int mAllowedResolutionLevel;  // resolution level allowed to receiver

        final ILocationListener mListener;
        final PendingIntent mPendingIntent;
        final WorkSource mWorkSource; // WorkSource for battery blame, or null to assign to caller.
        final boolean mHideFromAppOps; // True if AppOps should not monitor this receiver.
        final Object mKey;

        final HashMap<String, UpdateRecord> mUpdateRecords = new HashMap<>();

        // True if app ops has started monitoring this receiver for locations.
        boolean mOpMonitoring;
        // True if app ops has started monitoring this receiver for high power (gps) locations.
        boolean mOpHighPowerMonitoring;
        int mPendingBroadcasts;
        PowerManager.WakeLock mWakeLock;

        Receiver(ILocationListener listener, PendingIntent intent, int pid, int uid,
                String packageName, WorkSource workSource, boolean hideFromAppOps) {
            mListener = listener;
            mPendingIntent = intent;
            if (listener != null) {
                mKey = listener.asBinder();
            } else {
                mKey = intent;
            }
            mAllowedResolutionLevel = getAllowedResolutionLevel(pid, uid);
            mIdentity = new Identity(uid, pid, packageName);
            if (workSource != null && workSource.isEmpty()) {
                workSource = null;
            }
            mWorkSource = workSource;
            mHideFromAppOps = hideFromAppOps;

            updateMonitoring(true);

            // construct/configure wakelock
            mWakeLock = mPowerManager.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, WAKELOCK_KEY);
            if (workSource == null) {
                workSource = new WorkSource(mIdentity.mUid, mIdentity.mPackageName);
            }
            mWakeLock.setWorkSource(workSource);
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object otherObj) {
            return (otherObj instanceof Receiver) && mKey.equals(((Receiver) otherObj).mKey);
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return mKey.hashCode();
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
            s.append("Reciever[");
            s.append(Integer.toHexString(System.identityHashCode(this)));
            if (mListener != null) {
                s.append(" listener");
            } else {
                s.append(" intent");
            }
            for (String p : mUpdateRecords.keySet()) {
                s.append(" ").append(mUpdateRecords.get(p).toString());
            }
            s.append(" monitoring location: ").append(mOpMonitoring);
            s.append("]");
            return s.toString();
        }

        /**
         * Update AppOp monitoring for this receiver.
         *
         * @param allow If true receiver is currently active, if false it's been removed.
         */
        public void updateMonitoring(boolean allow) {
            if (mHideFromAppOps) {
                return;
            }

            boolean requestingLocation = false;
            boolean requestingHighPowerLocation = false;
            if (allow) {
                // See if receiver has any enabled update records.  Also note if any update records
                // are high power (has a high power provider with an interval under a threshold).
                for (UpdateRecord updateRecord : mUpdateRecords.values()) {
                    if (isAllowedByCurrentUserSettingsLocked(updateRecord.mProvider)) {
                        requestingLocation = true;
                        LocationProviderInterface locationProvider
                                = mProvidersByName.get(updateRecord.mProvider);
                        ProviderProperties properties = locationProvider != null
                                ? locationProvider.getProperties() : null;
                        if (properties != null
                                && properties.mPowerRequirement == Criteria.POWER_HIGH
                                && updateRecord.mRequest.getInterval() < HIGH_POWER_INTERVAL_MS) {
                            requestingHighPowerLocation = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            // First update monitoring of any location request (including high power).
            mOpMonitoring = updateMonitoring(
                    requestingLocation,
                    mOpMonitoring,
                    AppOpsManager.OP_MONITOR_LOCATION);

            // Now update monitoring of high power requests only.
            boolean wasHighPowerMonitoring = mOpHighPowerMonitoring;
            mOpHighPowerMonitoring = updateMonitoring(
                    requestingHighPowerLocation,
                    mOpHighPowerMonitoring,
                    AppOpsManager.OP_MONITOR_HIGH_POWER_LOCATION);
            if (mOpHighPowerMonitoring != wasHighPowerMonitoring) {
                // Send an intent to notify that a high power request has been added/removed.
                Intent intent = new Intent(LocationManager.HIGH_POWER_REQUEST_CHANGE_ACTION);
                mContext.sendBroadcastAsUser(intent, UserHandle.ALL);
            }
        }

        /**
         * Update AppOps monitoring for a single location request and op type.
         *
         * @param allowMonitoring     True if monitoring is allowed for this request/op.
         * @param currentlyMonitoring True if AppOps is currently monitoring this request/op.
         * @param op                  AppOps code for the op to update.
         * @return True if monitoring is on for this request/op after updating.
         */
        private boolean updateMonitoring(boolean allowMonitoring, boolean currentlyMonitoring,
                int op) {
            if (!currentlyMonitoring) {
                if (allowMonitoring) {
                    return mAppOps.startOpNoThrow(op, mIdentity.mUid, mIdentity.mPackageName)
                            == AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED;
                }
            } else {
                if (!allowMonitoring
                        || mAppOps.noteOpNoThrow(op, mIdentity.mUid, mIdentity.mPackageName)
                        != AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED) {
                    mAppOps.finishOp(op, mIdentity.mUid, mIdentity.mPackageName);
                    return false;
                }
            }

            return currentlyMonitoring;
        }

        public boolean isListener() {
            return mListener != null;
        }

        public boolean isPendingIntent() {
            return mPendingIntent != null;
        }

        public ILocationListener getListener() {
            if (mListener != null) {
                return mListener;
            }
            throw new IllegalStateException("Request for non-existent listener");
        }

        public boolean callStatusChangedLocked(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
            if (mListener != null) {
                try {
                    synchronized (this) {
                        // synchronize to ensure incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked()
                        // is called before decrementPendingBroadcasts()
                        mListener.onStatusChanged(provider, status, extras);
                        // call this after broadcasting so we do not increment
                        // if we throw an exeption.
                        incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked();
                    }
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    return false;
                }
            } else {
                Intent statusChanged = new Intent();
                statusChanged.putExtras(new Bundle(extras));
                statusChanged.putExtra(LocationManager.KEY_STATUS_CHANGED, status);
                try {
                    synchronized (this) {
                        // synchronize to ensure incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked()
                        // is called before decrementPendingBroadcasts()
                        mPendingIntent.send(mContext, 0, statusChanged, this, mLocationHandler,
                                getResolutionPermission(mAllowedResolutionLevel),
                                PendingIntentUtils.createDontSendToRestrictedAppsBundle(null));
                        // call this after broadcasting so we do not increment
                        // if we throw an exeption.
                        incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked();
                    }
                } catch (PendingIntent.CanceledException e) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

        public boolean callLocationChangedLocked(Location location) {
            if (mListener != null) {
                try {
                    synchronized (this) {
                        // synchronize to ensure incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked()
                        // is called before decrementPendingBroadcasts()
                        mListener.onLocationChanged(new Location(location));
                        // call this after broadcasting so we do not increment
                        // if we throw an exeption.
                        incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked();
                    }
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    return false;
                }
            } else {
                Intent locationChanged = new Intent();
                locationChanged.putExtra(LocationManager.KEY_LOCATION_CHANGED,
                        new Location(location));
                try {
                    synchronized (this) {
                        // synchronize to ensure incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked()
                        // is called before decrementPendingBroadcasts()
                        mPendingIntent.send(mContext, 0, locationChanged, this, mLocationHandler,
                                getResolutionPermission(mAllowedResolutionLevel),
                                PendingIntentUtils.createDontSendToRestrictedAppsBundle(null));
                        // call this after broadcasting so we do not increment
                        // if we throw an exeption.
                        incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked();
                    }
                } catch (PendingIntent.CanceledException e) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

        public boolean callProviderEnabledLocked(String provider, boolean enabled) {
            // First update AppOp monitoring.
            // An app may get/lose location access as providers are enabled/disabled.
            updateMonitoring(true);

            if (mListener != null) {
                try {
                    synchronized (this) {
                        // synchronize to ensure incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked()
                        // is called before decrementPendingBroadcasts()
                        if (enabled) {
                            mListener.onProviderEnabled(provider);
                        } else {
                            mListener.onProviderDisabled(provider);
                        }
                        // call this after broadcasting so we do not increment
                        // if we throw an exeption.
                        incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked();
                    }
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    return false;
                }
            } else {
                Intent providerIntent = new Intent();
                providerIntent.putExtra(LocationManager.KEY_PROVIDER_ENABLED, enabled);
                try {
                    synchronized (this) {
                        // synchronize to ensure incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked()
                        // is called before decrementPendingBroadcasts()
                        mPendingIntent.send(mContext, 0, providerIntent, this, mLocationHandler,
                                getResolutionPermission(mAllowedResolutionLevel),
                                PendingIntentUtils.createDontSendToRestrictedAppsBundle(null));
                        // call this after broadcasting so we do not increment
                        // if we throw an exeption.
                        incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked();
                    }
                } catch (PendingIntent.CanceledException e) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        public void binderDied() {
            if (D) Log.d(TAG, "Location listener died");

            synchronized (mLock) {
                removeUpdatesLocked(this);
            }
            synchronized (this) {
                clearPendingBroadcastsLocked();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onSendFinished(PendingIntent pendingIntent, Intent intent,
                int resultCode, String resultData, Bundle resultExtras) {
            synchronized (this) {
                decrementPendingBroadcastsLocked();
            }
        }

        // this must be called while synchronized by caller in a synchronized block
        // containing the sending of the broadcaset
        private void incrementPendingBroadcastsLocked() {
            if (mPendingBroadcasts++ == 0) {
                mWakeLock.acquire();
            }
        }

        private void decrementPendingBroadcastsLocked() {
            if (--mPendingBroadcasts == 0) {
                if (mWakeLock.isHeld()) {
                    mWakeLock.release();
                }
            }
        }

        public void clearPendingBroadcastsLocked() {
            if (mPendingBroadcasts > 0) {
                mPendingBroadcasts = 0;
                if (mWakeLock.isHeld()) {
                    mWakeLock.release();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void locationCallbackFinished(ILocationListener listener) {
        //Do not use getReceiverLocked here as that will add the ILocationListener to
        //the receiver list if it is not found.  If it is not found then the
        //LocationListener was removed when it had a pending broadcast and should
        //not be added back.
        synchronized (mLock) {
            IBinder binder = listener.asBinder();
            Receiver receiver = mReceivers.get(binder);
            if (receiver != null) {
                synchronized (receiver) {
                    // so wakelock calls will succeed
                    long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
                    receiver.decrementPendingBroadcastsLocked();
                    Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the year of the GNSS hardware.
     */
    @Override
    public int getGnssYearOfHardware() {
        if (mGnssSystemInfoProvider != null) {
            return mGnssSystemInfoProvider.getGnssYearOfHardware();
        } else {
            return 0;
        }
    }


    /**
     * Returns the model name of the GNSS hardware.
     */
    @Override
    @Nullable
    public String getGnssHardwareModelName() {
        if (mGnssSystemInfoProvider != null) {
            return mGnssSystemInfoProvider.getGnssHardwareModelName();
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Runs some checks for GNSS (FINE) level permissions, used by several methods which directly
     * (try to) access GNSS information at this layer.
     */
    private boolean hasGnssPermissions(String packageName) {
        int allowedResolutionLevel = getCallerAllowedResolutionLevel();
        checkResolutionLevelIsSufficientForProviderUse(
                allowedResolutionLevel,
                LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);

        int pid = Binder.getCallingPid();
        int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
        long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        boolean hasLocationAccess;
        try {
            hasLocationAccess = checkLocationAccess(pid, uid, packageName, allowedResolutionLevel);
        } finally {
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }

        return hasLocationAccess;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the GNSS batching size, if available.
     */
    @Override
    public int getGnssBatchSize(String packageName) {
        mContext.enforceCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.LOCATION_HARDWARE,
                "Location Hardware permission not granted to access hardware batching");

        if (hasGnssPermissions(packageName) && mGnssBatchingProvider != null) {
            return mGnssBatchingProvider.getBatchSize();
        } else {
            return 0;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Adds a callback for GNSS Batching events, if permissions allow, which are transported
     * to potentially multiple listeners by the BatchedLocationCallbackTransport above this.
     */
    @Override
    public boolean addGnssBatchingCallback(IBatchedLocationCallback callback, String packageName) {
        mContext.enforceCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.LOCATION_HARDWARE,
                "Location Hardware permission not granted to access hardware batching");

        if (!hasGnssPermissions(packageName) || mGnssBatchingProvider == null) {
            return false;
        }

        mGnssBatchingCallback = callback;
        mGnssBatchingDeathCallback = new LinkedCallback(callback);
        try {
            callback.asBinder().linkToDeath(mGnssBatchingDeathCallback, 0 /* flags */);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            // if the remote process registering the listener is already dead, just swallow the
            // exception and return
            Log.e(TAG, "Remote listener already died.", e);
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    private class LinkedCallback implements IBinder.DeathRecipient {
        private final IBatchedLocationCallback mCallback;

        public LinkedCallback(@NonNull IBatchedLocationCallback callback) {
            mCallback = callback;
        }

        @NonNull
        public IBatchedLocationCallback getUnderlyingListener() {
            return mCallback;
        }

        @Override
        public void binderDied() {
            Log.d(TAG, "Remote Batching Callback died: " + mCallback);
            stopGnssBatch();
            removeGnssBatchingCallback();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Removes callback for GNSS batching
     */
    @Override
    public void removeGnssBatchingCallback() {
        try {
            mGnssBatchingCallback.asBinder().unlinkToDeath(mGnssBatchingDeathCallback,
                    0 /* flags */);
        } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {
            // if the death callback isn't connected (it should be...), log error, swallow the
            // exception and return
            Log.e(TAG, "Couldn't unlink death callback.", e);
        }
        mGnssBatchingCallback = null;
        mGnssBatchingDeathCallback = null;
    }


    /**
     * Starts GNSS batching, if available.
     */
    @Override
    public boolean startGnssBatch(long periodNanos, boolean wakeOnFifoFull, String packageName) {
        mContext.enforceCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.LOCATION_HARDWARE,
                "Location Hardware permission not granted to access hardware batching");

        if (!hasGnssPermissions(packageName) || mGnssBatchingProvider == null) {
            return false;
        }

        if (mGnssBatchingInProgress) {
            // Current design does not expect multiple starts to be called repeatedly
            Log.e(TAG, "startGnssBatch unexpectedly called w/o stopping prior batch");
            // Try to clean up anyway, and continue
            stopGnssBatch();
        }

        mGnssBatchingInProgress = true;
        return mGnssBatchingProvider.start(periodNanos, wakeOnFifoFull);
    }

    /**
     * Flushes a GNSS batch in progress
     */
    @Override
    public void flushGnssBatch(String packageName) {
        mContext.enforceCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.LOCATION_HARDWARE,
                "Location Hardware permission not granted to access hardware batching");

        if (!hasGnssPermissions(packageName)) {
            Log.e(TAG, "flushGnssBatch called without GNSS permissions");
            return;
        }

        if (!mGnssBatchingInProgress) {
            Log.w(TAG, "flushGnssBatch called with no batch in progress");
        }

        if (mGnssBatchingProvider != null) {
            mGnssBatchingProvider.flush();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Stops GNSS batching
     */
    @Override
    public boolean stopGnssBatch() {
        mContext.enforceCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.LOCATION_HARDWARE,
                "Location Hardware permission not granted to access hardware batching");

        if (mGnssBatchingProvider != null) {
            mGnssBatchingInProgress = false;
            return mGnssBatchingProvider.stop();
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void reportLocationBatch(List<Location> locations) {
        checkCallerIsProvider();

        // Currently used only for GNSS locations - update permissions check if changed
        if (isAllowedByCurrentUserSettingsLocked(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) {
            if (mGnssBatchingCallback == null) {
                Slog.e(TAG, "reportLocationBatch() called without active Callback");
                return;
            }
            try {
                mGnssBatchingCallback.onLocationBatch(locations);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                Slog.e(TAG, "mGnssBatchingCallback.onLocationBatch failed", e);
            }
        } else {
            Slog.w(TAG, "reportLocationBatch() called without user permission, locations blocked");
        }
    }

    private void addProviderLocked(LocationProviderInterface provider) {
        mProviders.add(provider);
        mProvidersByName.put(provider.getName(), provider);
    }

    private void removeProviderLocked(LocationProviderInterface provider) {
        provider.disable();
        mProviders.remove(provider);
        mProvidersByName.remove(provider.getName());
    }

    /**
     * Returns "true" if access to the specified location provider is allowed by the current
     * user's settings. Access to all location providers is forbidden to non-location-provider
     * processes belonging to background users.
     *
     * @param provider the name of the location provider
     */
    private boolean isAllowedByCurrentUserSettingsLocked(String provider) {
        return isAllowedByUserSettingsLockedForUser(provider, mCurrentUserId);
    }

    /**
     * Returns "true" if access to the specified location provider is allowed by the specified
     * user's settings. Access to all location providers is forbidden to non-location-provider
     * processes belonging to background users.
     *
     * @param provider the name of the location provider
     * @param userId   the user id to query
     */
    private boolean isAllowedByUserSettingsLockedForUser(String provider, int userId) {
        if (mEnabledProviders.contains(provider)) {
            return true;
        }
        if (mDisabledProviders.contains(provider)) {
            return false;
        }
        return isLocationProviderEnabledForUser(provider, userId);
    }


    /**
     * Returns "true" if access to the specified location provider is allowed by the specified
     * user's settings. Access to all location providers is forbidden to non-location-provider
     * processes belonging to background users.
     *
     * @param provider the name of the location provider
     * @param uid      the requestor's UID
     * @param userId   the user id to query
     */
    private boolean isAllowedByUserSettingsLocked(String provider, int uid, int userId) {
        if (!isCurrentProfile(UserHandle.getUserId(uid)) && !isUidALocationProvider(uid)) {
            return false;
        }
        return isAllowedByUserSettingsLockedForUser(provider, userId);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the permission string associated with the specified resolution level.
     *
     * @param resolutionLevel the resolution level
     * @return the permission string
     */
    private String getResolutionPermission(int resolutionLevel) {
        switch (resolutionLevel) {
            case RESOLUTION_LEVEL_FINE:
                return android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION;
            case RESOLUTION_LEVEL_COARSE:
                return android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION;
            default:
                return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the resolution level allowed to the given PID/UID pair.
     *
     * @param pid the PID
     * @param uid the UID
     * @return resolution level allowed to the pid/uid pair
     */
    private int getAllowedResolutionLevel(int pid, int uid) {
        if (mContext.checkPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                pid, uid) == PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            return RESOLUTION_LEVEL_FINE;
        } else if (mContext.checkPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
                pid, uid) == PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            return RESOLUTION_LEVEL_COARSE;
        } else {
            return RESOLUTION_LEVEL_NONE;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the resolution level allowed to the caller
     *
     * @return resolution level allowed to caller
     */
    private int getCallerAllowedResolutionLevel() {
        return getAllowedResolutionLevel(Binder.getCallingPid(), Binder.getCallingUid());
    }

    /**
     * Throw SecurityException if specified resolution level is insufficient to use geofences.
     *
     * @param allowedResolutionLevel resolution level allowed to caller
     */
    private void checkResolutionLevelIsSufficientForGeofenceUse(int allowedResolutionLevel) {
        if (allowedResolutionLevel < RESOLUTION_LEVEL_FINE) {
            throw new SecurityException("Geofence usage requires ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission");
        }
    }

    /**
     * Return the minimum resolution level required to use the specified location provider.
     *
     * @param provider the name of the location provider
     * @return minimum resolution level required for provider
     */
    private int getMinimumResolutionLevelForProviderUse(String provider) {
        if (LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER.equals(provider) ||
                LocationManager.PASSIVE_PROVIDER.equals(provider)) {
            // gps and passive providers require FINE permission
            return RESOLUTION_LEVEL_FINE;
        } else if (LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER.equals(provider) ||
                LocationManager.FUSED_PROVIDER.equals(provider)) {
            // network and fused providers are ok with COARSE or FINE
            return RESOLUTION_LEVEL_COARSE;
        } else {
            // mock providers
            LocationProviderInterface lp = mMockProviders.get(provider);
            if (lp != null) {
                ProviderProperties properties = lp.getProperties();
                if (properties != null) {
                    if (properties.mRequiresSatellite) {
                        // provider requiring satellites require FINE permission
                        return RESOLUTION_LEVEL_FINE;
                    } else if (properties.mRequiresNetwork || properties.mRequiresCell) {
                        // provider requiring network and or cell require COARSE or FINE
                        return RESOLUTION_LEVEL_COARSE;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return RESOLUTION_LEVEL_FINE; // if in doubt, require FINE
    }

    /**
     * Throw SecurityException if specified resolution level is insufficient to use the named
     * location provider.
     *
     * @param allowedResolutionLevel resolution level allowed to caller
     * @param providerName           the name of the location provider
     */
    private void checkResolutionLevelIsSufficientForProviderUse(int allowedResolutionLevel,
            String providerName) {
        int requiredResolutionLevel = getMinimumResolutionLevelForProviderUse(providerName);
        if (allowedResolutionLevel < requiredResolutionLevel) {
            switch (requiredResolutionLevel) {
                case RESOLUTION_LEVEL_FINE:
                    throw new SecurityException("\"" + providerName + "\" location provider " +
                            "requires ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission.");
                case RESOLUTION_LEVEL_COARSE:
                    throw new SecurityException("\"" + providerName + "\" location provider " +
                            "requires ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION or ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission.");
                default:
                    throw new SecurityException("Insufficient permission for \"" + providerName +
                            "\" location provider.");
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Throw SecurityException if WorkSource use is not allowed (i.e. can't blame other packages
     * for battery).
     */
    private void checkDeviceStatsAllowed() {
        mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
                android.Manifest.permission.UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS, null);
    }

    private void checkUpdateAppOpsAllowed() {
        mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
                android.Manifest.permission.UPDATE_APP_OPS_STATS, null);
    }

    public static int resolutionLevelToOp(int allowedResolutionLevel) {
        if (allowedResolutionLevel != RESOLUTION_LEVEL_NONE) {
            if (allowedResolutionLevel == RESOLUTION_LEVEL_COARSE) {
                return AppOpsManager.OP_COARSE_LOCATION;
            } else {
                return AppOpsManager.OP_FINE_LOCATION;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

    boolean reportLocationAccessNoThrow(
            int pid, int uid, String packageName, int allowedResolutionLevel) {
        int op = resolutionLevelToOp(allowedResolutionLevel);
        if (op >= 0) {
            if (mAppOps.noteOpNoThrow(op, uid, packageName) != AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED) {
                return false;
            }
        }

        return getAllowedResolutionLevel(pid, uid) >= allowedResolutionLevel;
    }

    boolean checkLocationAccess(int pid, int uid, String packageName, int allowedResolutionLevel) {
        int op = resolutionLevelToOp(allowedResolutionLevel);
        if (op >= 0) {
            if (mAppOps.noteOp(op, uid, packageName) != AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED) {
                return false;
            }
        }

        return getAllowedResolutionLevel(pid, uid) >= allowedResolutionLevel;
    }

    /**
     * Returns all providers by name, including passive and the ones that are not permitted to
     * be accessed by the calling activity or are currently disabled, but excluding fused.
     */
    @Override
    public List<String> getAllProviders() {
        ArrayList<String> out;
        synchronized (mLock) {
            out = new ArrayList<>(mProviders.size());
            for (LocationProviderInterface provider : mProviders) {
                String name = provider.getName();
                if (LocationManager.FUSED_PROVIDER.equals(name)) {
                    continue;
                }
                out.add(name);
            }
        }
        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "getAllProviders()=" + out);
        return out;
    }

    /**
     * Return all providers by name, that match criteria and are optionally
     * enabled.
     * Can return passive provider, but never returns fused provider.
     */
    @Override
    public List<String> getProviders(Criteria criteria, boolean enabledOnly) {
        int allowedResolutionLevel = getCallerAllowedResolutionLevel();
        ArrayList<String> out;
        int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
        long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        try {
            synchronized (mLock) {
                out = new ArrayList<>(mProviders.size());
                for (LocationProviderInterface provider : mProviders) {
                    String name = provider.getName();
                    if (LocationManager.FUSED_PROVIDER.equals(name)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    if (allowedResolutionLevel >= getMinimumResolutionLevelForProviderUse(name)) {
                        if (enabledOnly
                                && !isAllowedByUserSettingsLocked(name, uid, mCurrentUserId)) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        if (criteria != null && !LocationProvider.propertiesMeetCriteria(
                                name, provider.getProperties(), criteria)) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        out.add(name);
                    }
                }
            }
        } finally {
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }

        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "getProviders()=" + out);
        return out;
    }

    /**
     * Return the name of the best provider given a Criteria object.
     * This method has been deprecated from the public API,
     * and the whole LocationProvider (including #meetsCriteria)
     * has been deprecated as well. So this method now uses
     * some simplified logic.
     */
    @Override
    public String getBestProvider(Criteria criteria, boolean enabledOnly) {
        String result = null;

        List<String> providers = getProviders(criteria, enabledOnly);
        if (!providers.isEmpty()) {
            result = pickBest(providers);
            if (D) Log.d(TAG, "getBestProvider(" + criteria + ", " + enabledOnly + ")=" + result);
            return result;
        }
        providers = getProviders(null, enabledOnly);
        if (!providers.isEmpty()) {
            result = pickBest(providers);
            if (D) Log.d(TAG, "getBestProvider(" + criteria + ", " + enabledOnly + ")=" + result);
            return result;
        }

        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "getBestProvider(" + criteria + ", " + enabledOnly + ")=" + result);
        return null;
    }

    private String pickBest(List<String> providers) {
        if (providers.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) {
            return LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER;
        } else if (providers.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)) {
            return LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
        } else {
            return providers.get(0);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean providerMeetsCriteria(String provider, Criteria criteria) {
        LocationProviderInterface p = mProvidersByName.get(provider);
        if (p == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("provider=" + provider);
        }

        boolean result = LocationProvider.propertiesMeetCriteria(
                p.getName(), p.getProperties(), criteria);
        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "providerMeetsCriteria(" + provider + ", " + criteria + ")=" + result);
        return result;
    }

    private void updateProvidersLocked() {
        boolean changesMade = false;
        for (int i = mProviders.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            LocationProviderInterface p = mProviders.get(i);
            boolean isEnabled = p.isEnabled();
            String name = p.getName();
            boolean shouldBeEnabled = isAllowedByCurrentUserSettingsLocked(name);
            if (isEnabled && !shouldBeEnabled) {
                updateProviderListenersLocked(name, false);
                // If any provider has been disabled, clear all last locations for all providers.
                // This is to be on the safe side in case a provider has location derived from
                // this disabled provider.
                mLastLocation.clear();
                mLastLocationCoarseInterval.clear();
                changesMade = true;
            } else if (!isEnabled && shouldBeEnabled) {
                updateProviderListenersLocked(name, true);
                changesMade = true;
            }
        }
        if (changesMade) {
            mContext.sendBroadcastAsUser(new Intent(LocationManager.PROVIDERS_CHANGED_ACTION),
                    UserHandle.ALL);
            mContext.sendBroadcastAsUser(new Intent(LocationManager.MODE_CHANGED_ACTION),
                    UserHandle.ALL);
        }
    }

    private void updateProviderListenersLocked(String provider, boolean enabled) {
        int listeners = 0;

        LocationProviderInterface p = mProvidersByName.get(provider);
        if (p == null) return;

        ArrayList<Receiver> deadReceivers = null;

        ArrayList<UpdateRecord> records = mRecordsByProvider.get(provider);
        if (records != null) {
            for (UpdateRecord record : records) {
                if (isCurrentProfile(UserHandle.getUserId(record.mReceiver.mIdentity.mUid))) {
                    // Sends a notification message to the receiver
                    if (!record.mReceiver.callProviderEnabledLocked(provider, enabled)) {
                        if (deadReceivers == null) {
                            deadReceivers = new ArrayList<>();
                        }
                        deadReceivers.add(record.mReceiver);
                    }
                    listeners++;
                }
            }
        }

        if (deadReceivers != null) {
            for (int i = deadReceivers.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                removeUpdatesLocked(deadReceivers.get(i));
            }
        }

        if (enabled) {
            p.enable();
            if (listeners > 0) {
                applyRequirementsLocked(provider);
            }
        } else {
            p.disable();
        }
    }

    private void applyRequirementsLocked(String provider) {
        LocationProviderInterface p = mProvidersByName.get(provider);
        if (p == null) return;

        ArrayList<UpdateRecord> records = mRecordsByProvider.get(provider);
        WorkSource worksource = new WorkSource();
        ProviderRequest providerRequest = new ProviderRequest();

        ContentResolver resolver = mContext.getContentResolver();
        long backgroundThrottleInterval = Settings.Global.getLong(
                resolver,
                Settings.Global.LOCATION_BACKGROUND_THROTTLE_INTERVAL_MS,
                DEFAULT_BACKGROUND_THROTTLE_INTERVAL_MS);
        // initialize the low power mode to true and set to false if any of the records requires

        providerRequest.lowPowerMode = true;
        if (records != null) {
            for (UpdateRecord record : records) {
                if (isCurrentProfile(UserHandle.getUserId(record.mReceiver.mIdentity.mUid))) {
                    if (checkLocationAccess(
                            record.mReceiver.mIdentity.mPid,
                            record.mReceiver.mIdentity.mUid,
                            record.mReceiver.mIdentity.mPackageName,
                            record.mReceiver.mAllowedResolutionLevel)) {
                        LocationRequest locationRequest = record.mRealRequest;
                        long interval = locationRequest.getInterval();

                        if (!isThrottlingExemptLocked(record.mReceiver.mIdentity)) {
                            if (!record.mIsForegroundUid) {
                                interval = Math.max(interval, backgroundThrottleInterval);
                            }
                            if (interval != locationRequest.getInterval()) {
                                locationRequest = new LocationRequest(locationRequest);
                                locationRequest.setInterval(interval);
                            }
                        }

                        record.mRequest = locationRequest;
                        providerRequest.locationRequests.add(locationRequest);
                        if (!locationRequest.isLowPowerMode()) {
                            providerRequest.lowPowerMode = false;
                        }
                        if (interval < providerRequest.interval) {
                            providerRequest.reportLocation = true;
                            providerRequest.interval = interval;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            if (providerRequest.reportLocation) {
                // calculate who to blame for power
                // This is somewhat arbitrary. We pick a threshold interval
                // that is slightly higher that the minimum interval, and
                // spread the blame across all applications with a request
                // under that threshold.
                long thresholdInterval = (providerRequest.interval + 1000) * 3 / 2;
                for (UpdateRecord record : records) {
                    if (isCurrentProfile(UserHandle.getUserId(record.mReceiver.mIdentity.mUid))) {
                        LocationRequest locationRequest = record.mRequest;

                        // Don't assign battery blame for update records whose
                        // client has no permission to receive location data.
                        if (!providerRequest.locationRequests.contains(locationRequest)) {
                            continue;
                        }

                        if (locationRequest.getInterval() <= thresholdInterval) {
                            if (record.mReceiver.mWorkSource != null
                                    && isValidWorkSource(record.mReceiver.mWorkSource)) {
                                worksource.add(record.mReceiver.mWorkSource);
                            } else {
                                // Assign blame to caller if there's no WorkSource associated with
                                // the request or if it's invalid.
                                worksource.add(
                                        record.mReceiver.mIdentity.mUid,
                                        record.mReceiver.mIdentity.mPackageName);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "provider request: " + provider + " " + providerRequest);
        p.setRequest(providerRequest, worksource);
    }

    /**
     * Whether a given {@code WorkSource} associated with a Location request is valid.
     */
    private static boolean isValidWorkSource(WorkSource workSource) {
        if (workSource.size() > 0) {
            // If the WorkSource has one or more non-chained UIDs, make sure they're accompanied
            // by tags.
            return workSource.getName(0) != null;
        } else {
            // For now, make sure callers have supplied an attribution tag for use with
            // AppOpsManager. This might be relaxed in the future.
            final ArrayList<WorkChain> workChains = workSource.getWorkChains();
            return workChains != null && !workChains.isEmpty() &&
                    workChains.get(0).getAttributionTag() != null;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String[] getBackgroundThrottlingWhitelist() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            return mBackgroundThrottlePackageWhitelist.toArray(
                    new String[mBackgroundThrottlePackageWhitelist.size()]);
        }
    }

    private void updateBackgroundThrottlingWhitelistLocked() {
        String setting = Settings.Global.getString(
                mContext.getContentResolver(),
                Settings.Global.LOCATION_BACKGROUND_THROTTLE_PACKAGE_WHITELIST);
        if (setting == null) {
            setting = "";
        }

        mBackgroundThrottlePackageWhitelist.clear();
        mBackgroundThrottlePackageWhitelist.addAll(
                SystemConfig.getInstance().getAllowUnthrottledLocation());
        mBackgroundThrottlePackageWhitelist.addAll(
                Arrays.asList(setting.split(",")));
    }

    private void updateLastLocationMaxAgeLocked() {
        mLastLocationMaxAgeMs =
                Settings.Global.getLong(
                        mContext.getContentResolver(),
                        Settings.Global.LOCATION_LAST_LOCATION_MAX_AGE_MILLIS,
                        DEFAULT_LAST_LOCATION_MAX_AGE_MS);
    }

    private boolean isThrottlingExemptLocked(Identity identity) {
        if (identity.mUid == Process.SYSTEM_UID) {
            return true;
        }

        if (mBackgroundThrottlePackageWhitelist.contains(identity.mPackageName)) {
            return true;
        }

        for (LocationProviderProxy provider : mProxyProviders) {
            if (identity.mPackageName.equals(provider.getConnectedPackageName())) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    private class UpdateRecord {
        final String mProvider;
        final LocationRequest mRealRequest;  // original request from client
        LocationRequest mRequest;  // possibly throttled version of the request
        final Receiver mReceiver;
        boolean mIsForegroundUid;
        Location mLastFixBroadcast;
        long mLastStatusBroadcast;

        /**
         * Note: must be constructed with lock held.
         */
        UpdateRecord(String provider, LocationRequest request, Receiver receiver) {
            mProvider = provider;
            mRealRequest = request;
            mRequest = request;
            mReceiver = receiver;
            mIsForegroundUid = isImportanceForeground(
                    mActivityManager.getPackageImportance(mReceiver.mIdentity.mPackageName));

            ArrayList<UpdateRecord> records = mRecordsByProvider.get(provider);
            if (records == null) {
                records = new ArrayList<>();
                mRecordsByProvider.put(provider, records);
            }
            if (!records.contains(this)) {
                records.add(this);
            }

            // Update statistics for historical location requests by package/provider
            mRequestStatistics.startRequesting(
                    mReceiver.mIdentity.mPackageName, provider, request.getInterval(),
                    mIsForegroundUid);
        }

        /**
         * Method to be called when record changes foreground/background
         */
        void updateForeground(boolean isForeground){
            mIsForegroundUid = isForeground;
            mRequestStatistics.updateForeground(
                    mReceiver.mIdentity.mPackageName, mProvider, isForeground);
        }

        /**
         * Method to be called when a record will no longer be used.
         */
        void disposeLocked(boolean removeReceiver) {
            mRequestStatistics.stopRequesting(mReceiver.mIdentity.mPackageName, mProvider);

            // remove from mRecordsByProvider
            ArrayList<UpdateRecord> globalRecords = mRecordsByProvider.get(this.mProvider);
            if (globalRecords != null) {
                globalRecords.remove(this);
            }

            if (!removeReceiver) return;  // the caller will handle the rest

            // remove from Receiver#mUpdateRecords
            HashMap<String, UpdateRecord> receiverRecords = mReceiver.mUpdateRecords;
            if (receiverRecords != null) {
                receiverRecords.remove(this.mProvider);

                // and also remove the Receiver if it has no more update records
                if (receiverRecords.size() == 0) {
                    removeUpdatesLocked(mReceiver);
                }
            }
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "UpdateRecord[" + mProvider + " " + mReceiver.mIdentity.mPackageName
                    + "(" + mReceiver.mIdentity.mUid + (mIsForegroundUid ? " foreground"
                    : " background")
                    + ")" + " " + mRealRequest + " "
                    + mReceiver.mWorkSource + "]";
        }
    }

    private Receiver getReceiverLocked(ILocationListener listener, int pid, int uid,
            String packageName, WorkSource workSource, boolean hideFromAppOps) {
        IBinder binder = listener.asBinder();
        Receiver receiver = mReceivers.get(binder);
        if (receiver == null) {
            receiver = new Receiver(listener, null, pid, uid, packageName, workSource,
                    hideFromAppOps);
            try {
                receiver.getListener().asBinder().linkToDeath(receiver, 0);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                Slog.e(TAG, "linkToDeath failed:", e);
                return null;
            }
            mReceivers.put(binder, receiver);
        }
        return receiver;
    }

    private Receiver getReceiverLocked(PendingIntent intent, int pid, int uid, String packageName,
            WorkSource workSource, boolean hideFromAppOps) {
        Receiver receiver = mReceivers.get(intent);
        if (receiver == null) {
            receiver = new Receiver(null, intent, pid, uid, packageName, workSource,
                    hideFromAppOps);
            mReceivers.put(intent, receiver);
        }
        return receiver;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a LocationRequest based upon the supplied LocationRequest that to meets resolution
     * and consistency requirements.
     *
     * @param request the LocationRequest from which to create a sanitized version
     * @return a version of request that meets the given resolution and consistency requirements
     * @hide
     */
    private LocationRequest createSanitizedRequest(LocationRequest request, int resolutionLevel,
            boolean callerHasLocationHardwarePermission) {
        LocationRequest sanitizedRequest = new LocationRequest(request);
        if (!callerHasLocationHardwarePermission) {
            // allow setting low power mode only for callers with location hardware permission
            sanitizedRequest.setLowPowerMode(false);
        }
        if (resolutionLevel < RESOLUTION_LEVEL_FINE) {
            switch (sanitizedRequest.getQuality()) {
                case LocationRequest.ACCURACY_FINE:
                    sanitizedRequest.setQuality(LocationRequest.ACCURACY_BLOCK);
                    break;
                case LocationRequest.POWER_HIGH:
                    sanitizedRequest.setQuality(LocationRequest.POWER_LOW);
                    break;
            }
            // throttle
            if (sanitizedRequest.getInterval() < LocationFudger.FASTEST_INTERVAL_MS) {
                sanitizedRequest.setInterval(LocationFudger.FASTEST_INTERVAL_MS);
            }
            if (sanitizedRequest.getFastestInterval() < LocationFudger.FASTEST_INTERVAL_MS) {
                sanitizedRequest.setFastestInterval(LocationFudger.FASTEST_INTERVAL_MS);
            }
        }
        // make getFastestInterval() the minimum of interval and fastest interval
        if (sanitizedRequest.getFastestInterval() > sanitizedRequest.getInterval()) {
            request.setFastestInterval(request.getInterval());
        }
        return sanitizedRequest;
    }

    private void checkPackageName(String packageName) {
        if (packageName == null) {
            throw new SecurityException("invalid package name: " + packageName);
        }
        int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
        String[] packages = mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(uid);
        if (packages == null) {
            throw new SecurityException("invalid UID " + uid);
        }
        for (String pkg : packages) {
            if (packageName.equals(pkg)) return;
        }
        throw new SecurityException("invalid package name: " + packageName);
    }

    private void checkPendingIntent(PendingIntent intent) {
        if (intent == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid pending intent: " + intent);
        }
    }

    private Receiver checkListenerOrIntentLocked(ILocationListener listener, PendingIntent intent,
            int pid, int uid, String packageName, WorkSource workSource, boolean hideFromAppOps) {
        if (intent == null && listener == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("need either listener or intent");
        } else if (intent != null && listener != null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("cannot register both listener and intent");
        } else if (intent != null) {
            checkPendingIntent(intent);
            return getReceiverLocked(intent, pid, uid, packageName, workSource, hideFromAppOps);
        } else {
            return getReceiverLocked(listener, pid, uid, packageName, workSource, hideFromAppOps);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void requestLocationUpdates(LocationRequest request, ILocationListener listener,
            PendingIntent intent, String packageName) {
        if (request == null) request = DEFAULT_LOCATION_REQUEST;
        checkPackageName(packageName);
        int allowedResolutionLevel = getCallerAllowedResolutionLevel();
        checkResolutionLevelIsSufficientForProviderUse(allowedResolutionLevel,
                request.getProvider());
        WorkSource workSource = request.getWorkSource();
        if (workSource != null && !workSource.isEmpty()) {
            checkDeviceStatsAllowed();
        }
        boolean hideFromAppOps = request.getHideFromAppOps();
        if (hideFromAppOps) {
            checkUpdateAppOpsAllowed();
        }
        boolean callerHasLocationHardwarePermission =
                mContext.checkCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.LOCATION_HARDWARE)
                        == PERMISSION_GRANTED;
        LocationRequest sanitizedRequest = createSanitizedRequest(request, allowedResolutionLevel,
                callerHasLocationHardwarePermission);

        final int pid = Binder.getCallingPid();
        final int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
        // providers may use public location API's, need to clear identity
        long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        try {
            // We don't check for MODE_IGNORED here; we will do that when we go to deliver
            // a location.
            checkLocationAccess(pid, uid, packageName, allowedResolutionLevel);

            synchronized (mLock) {
                Receiver recevier = checkListenerOrIntentLocked(listener, intent, pid, uid,
                        packageName, workSource, hideFromAppOps);
                requestLocationUpdatesLocked(sanitizedRequest, recevier, pid, uid, packageName);
            }
        } finally {
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }
    }

    private void requestLocationUpdatesLocked(LocationRequest request, Receiver receiver,
            int pid, int uid, String packageName) {
        // Figure out the provider. Either its explicitly request (legacy use cases), or
        // use the fused provider
        if (request == null) request = DEFAULT_LOCATION_REQUEST;
        String name = request.getProvider();
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("provider name must not be null");
        }

        LocationProviderInterface provider = mProvidersByName.get(name);
        if (provider == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("provider doesn't exist: " + name);
        }

        UpdateRecord record = new UpdateRecord(name, request, receiver);
        if (D) {
            Log.d(TAG, "request " + Integer.toHexString(System.identityHashCode(receiver))
                    + " " + name + " " + request + " from " + packageName + "(" + uid + " "
                    + (record.mIsForegroundUid ? "foreground" : "background")
                    + (isThrottlingExemptLocked(receiver.mIdentity)
                    ? " [whitelisted]" : "") + ")");
        }

        UpdateRecord oldRecord = receiver.mUpdateRecords.put(name, record);
        if (oldRecord != null) {
            oldRecord.disposeLocked(false);
        }

        boolean isProviderEnabled = isAllowedByUserSettingsLocked(name, uid, mCurrentUserId);
        if (isProviderEnabled) {
            applyRequirementsLocked(name);
        } else {
            // Notify the listener that updates are currently disabled
            receiver.callProviderEnabledLocked(name, false);
        }
        // Update the monitoring here just in case multiple location requests were added to the
        // same receiver (this request may be high power and the initial might not have been).
        receiver.updateMonitoring(true);
    }

    @Override
    public void removeUpdates(ILocationListener listener, PendingIntent intent,
            String packageName) {
        checkPackageName(packageName);

        final int pid = Binder.getCallingPid();
        final int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();

        synchronized (mLock) {
            WorkSource workSource = null;
            boolean hideFromAppOps = false;
            Receiver receiver = checkListenerOrIntentLocked(listener, intent, pid, uid,
                    packageName, workSource, hideFromAppOps);

            // providers may use public location API's, need to clear identity
            long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            try {
                removeUpdatesLocked(receiver);
            } finally {
                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
            }
        }
    }

    private void removeUpdatesLocked(Receiver receiver) {
        if (D) Log.i(TAG, "remove " + Integer.toHexString(System.identityHashCode(receiver)));

        if (mReceivers.remove(receiver.mKey) != null && receiver.isListener()) {
            receiver.getListener().asBinder().unlinkToDeath(receiver, 0);
            synchronized (receiver) {
                receiver.clearPendingBroadcastsLocked();
            }
        }

        receiver.updateMonitoring(false);

        // Record which providers were associated with this listener
        HashSet<String> providers = new HashSet<>();
        HashMap<String, UpdateRecord> oldRecords = receiver.mUpdateRecords;
        if (oldRecords != null) {
            // Call dispose() on the obsolete update records.
            for (UpdateRecord record : oldRecords.values()) {
                // Update statistics for historical location requests by package/provider
                record.disposeLocked(false);
            }
            // Accumulate providers
            providers.addAll(oldRecords.keySet());
        }

        // update provider
        for (String provider : providers) {
            // If provider is already disabled, don't need to do anything
            if (!isAllowedByCurrentUserSettingsLocked(provider)) {
                continue;
            }

            applyRequirementsLocked(provider);
        }
    }

    private void applyAllProviderRequirementsLocked() {
        for (LocationProviderInterface p : mProviders) {
            // If provider is already disabled, don't need to do anything
            if (!isAllowedByCurrentUserSettingsLocked(p.getName())) {
                continue;
            }

            applyRequirementsLocked(p.getName());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Location getLastLocation(LocationRequest request, String packageName) {
        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "getLastLocation: " + request);
        if (request == null) request = DEFAULT_LOCATION_REQUEST;
        int allowedResolutionLevel = getCallerAllowedResolutionLevel();
        checkPackageName(packageName);
        checkResolutionLevelIsSufficientForProviderUse(allowedResolutionLevel,
                request.getProvider());
        // no need to sanitize this request, as only the provider name is used

        final int pid = Binder.getCallingPid();
        final int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
        final long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        try {
            if (mBlacklist.isBlacklisted(packageName)) {
                if (D) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "not returning last loc for blacklisted app: " +
                            packageName);
                }
                return null;
            }

            if (!reportLocationAccessNoThrow(pid, uid, packageName, allowedResolutionLevel)) {
                if (D) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "not returning last loc for no op app: " +
                            packageName);
                }
                return null;
            }

            synchronized (mLock) {
                // Figure out the provider. Either its explicitly request (deprecated API's),
                // or use the fused provider
                String name = request.getProvider();
                if (name == null) name = LocationManager.FUSED_PROVIDER;
                LocationProviderInterface provider = mProvidersByName.get(name);
                if (provider == null) return null;

                if (!isAllowedByUserSettingsLocked(name, uid, mCurrentUserId)) return null;

                Location location;
                if (allowedResolutionLevel < RESOLUTION_LEVEL_FINE) {
                    // Make sure that an app with coarse permissions can't get frequent location
                    // updates by calling LocationManager.getLastKnownLocation repeatedly.
                    location = mLastLocationCoarseInterval.get(name);
                } else {
                    location = mLastLocation.get(name);
                }
                if (location == null) {
                    return null;
                }

                // Don't return stale location to apps with foreground-only location permission.
                String op = getResolutionPermission(allowedResolutionLevel);
                long locationAgeMs = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() -
                        location.getElapsedRealtimeNanos() / NANOS_PER_MILLI;
                if ((locationAgeMs > mLastLocationMaxAgeMs)
                        && (mAppOps.unsafeCheckOp(op, uid, packageName)
                            == AppOpsManager.MODE_FOREGROUND)) {
                    return null;
                }

                if (allowedResolutionLevel < RESOLUTION_LEVEL_FINE) {
                    Location noGPSLocation = location.getExtraLocation(
                            Location.EXTRA_NO_GPS_LOCATION);
                    if (noGPSLocation != null) {
                        return new Location(mLocationFudger.getOrCreate(noGPSLocation));
                    }
                } else {
                    return new Location(location);
                }
            }
            return null;
        } finally {
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Provides an interface to inject and set the last location if location is not available
     * currently.
     *
     * This helps in cases where the product (Cars for example) has saved the last known location
     * before powering off.  This interface lets the client inject the saved location while the GPS
     * chipset is getting its first fix, there by improving user experience.
     *
     * @param location - Location object to inject
     * @return true if update was successful, false if not
     */
    @Override
    public boolean injectLocation(Location location) {
        mContext.enforceCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.LOCATION_HARDWARE,
                "Location Hardware permission not granted to inject location");
        mContext.enforceCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                "Access Fine Location permission not granted to inject Location");

        if (location == null) {
            if (D) {
                Log.d(TAG, "injectLocation(): called with null location");
            }
            return false;
        }
        LocationProviderInterface p = null;
        String provider = location.getProvider();
        if (provider != null) {
            p = mProvidersByName.get(provider);
        }
        if (p == null) {
            if (D) {
                Log.d(TAG, "injectLocation(): unknown provider");
            }
            return false;
        }
        synchronized (mLock) {
            if (!isAllowedByCurrentUserSettingsLocked(provider)) {
                if (D) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "Location disabled in Settings for current user:" + mCurrentUserId);
                }
                return false;
            } else {
                // NOTE: If last location is already available, location is not injected.  If
                // provider's normal source (like a GPS chipset) have already provided an output,
                // there is no need to inject this location.
                if (mLastLocation.get(provider) == null) {
                    updateLastLocationLocked(location, provider);
                } else {
                    if (D) {
                        Log.d(TAG, "injectLocation(): Location exists. Not updating");
                    }
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void requestGeofence(LocationRequest request, Geofence geofence, PendingIntent intent,
            String packageName) {
        if (request == null) request = DEFAULT_LOCATION_REQUEST;
        int allowedResolutionLevel = getCallerAllowedResolutionLevel();
        checkResolutionLevelIsSufficientForGeofenceUse(allowedResolutionLevel);
        checkPendingIntent(intent);
        checkPackageName(packageName);
        checkResolutionLevelIsSufficientForProviderUse(allowedResolutionLevel,
                request.getProvider());
        // Require that caller can manage given document
        boolean callerHasLocationHardwarePermission =
                mContext.checkCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.LOCATION_HARDWARE)
                        == PERMISSION_GRANTED;
        LocationRequest sanitizedRequest = createSanitizedRequest(request, allowedResolutionLevel,
                callerHasLocationHardwarePermission);

        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "requestGeofence: " + sanitizedRequest + " " + geofence + " " + intent);

        // geo-fence manager uses the public location API, need to clear identity
        int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
        // TODO: http://b/23822629
        if (UserHandle.getUserId(uid) != UserHandle.USER_SYSTEM) {
            // temporary measure until geofences work for secondary users
            Log.w(TAG, "proximity alerts are currently available only to the primary user");
            return;
        }
        long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        try {
            mGeofenceManager.addFence(sanitizedRequest, geofence, intent, allowedResolutionLevel,
                    uid, packageName);
        } finally {
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void removeGeofence(Geofence geofence, PendingIntent intent, String packageName) {
        checkPendingIntent(intent);
        checkPackageName(packageName);

        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "removeGeofence: " + geofence + " " + intent);

        // geo-fence manager uses the public location API, need to clear identity
        long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        try {
            mGeofenceManager.removeFence(geofence, intent);
        } finally {
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }
    }


    @Override
    public boolean registerGnssStatusCallback(IGnssStatusListener callback, String packageName) {
        if (!hasGnssPermissions(packageName) || mGnssStatusProvider == null) {
            return false;
        }

        try {
            mGnssStatusProvider.registerGnssStatusCallback(callback);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            Slog.e(TAG, "mGpsStatusProvider.registerGnssStatusCallback failed", e);
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void unregisterGnssStatusCallback(IGnssStatusListener callback) {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            try {
                mGnssStatusProvider.unregisterGnssStatusCallback(callback);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                Slog.e(TAG, "mGpsStatusProvider.unregisterGnssStatusCallback failed", e);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean addGnssMeasurementsListener(
            IGnssMeasurementsListener listener, String packageName) {
        if (!hasGnssPermissions(packageName) || mGnssMeasurementsProvider == null) {
            return false;
        }

        synchronized (mLock) {
            Identity callerIdentity
                    = new Identity(Binder.getCallingUid(), Binder.getCallingPid(), packageName);
            mGnssMeasurementsListeners.put(listener.asBinder(), callerIdentity);
            long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            try {
                if (isThrottlingExemptLocked(callerIdentity)
                        || isImportanceForeground(
                        mActivityManager.getPackageImportance(packageName))) {
                    return mGnssMeasurementsProvider.addListener(listener);
                }
            } finally {
                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
            }

            return true;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void removeGnssMeasurementsListener(IGnssMeasurementsListener listener) {
        if (mGnssMeasurementsProvider != null) {
            synchronized (mLock) {
                mGnssMeasurementsListeners.remove(listener.asBinder());
                mGnssMeasurementsProvider.removeListener(listener);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean addGnssNavigationMessageListener(
            IGnssNavigationMessageListener listener,
            String packageName) {
        if (!hasGnssPermissions(packageName) || mGnssNavigationMessageProvider == null) {
            return false;
        }

        synchronized (mLock) {
            Identity callerIdentity
                    = new Identity(Binder.getCallingUid(), Binder.getCallingPid(), packageName);
            mGnssNavigationMessageListeners.put(listener.asBinder(), callerIdentity);
            long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            try {
                if (isThrottlingExemptLocked(callerIdentity)
                        || isImportanceForeground(
                        mActivityManager.getPackageImportance(packageName))) {
                    return mGnssNavigationMessageProvider.addListener(listener);
                }
            } finally {
                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
            }

            return true;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void removeGnssNavigationMessageListener(IGnssNavigationMessageListener listener) {
        if (mGnssNavigationMessageProvider != null) {
            synchronized (mLock) {
                mGnssNavigationMessageListeners.remove(listener.asBinder());
                mGnssNavigationMessageProvider.removeListener(listener);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean sendExtraCommand(String provider, String command, Bundle extras) {
        if (provider == null) {
            // throw NullPointerException to remain compatible with previous implementation
            throw new NullPointerException();
        }
        checkResolutionLevelIsSufficientForProviderUse(getCallerAllowedResolutionLevel(),
                provider);

        // and check for ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS
        if ((mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS)
                != PERMISSION_GRANTED)) {
            throw new SecurityException("Requires ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS permission");
        }

        synchronized (mLock) {
            LocationProviderInterface p = mProvidersByName.get(provider);
            if (p == null) return false;

            return p.sendExtraCommand(command, extras);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean sendNiResponse(int notifId, int userResponse) {
        if (Binder.getCallingUid() != Process.myUid()) {
            throw new SecurityException(
                    "calling sendNiResponse from outside of the system is not allowed");
        }
        try {
            return mNetInitiatedListener.sendNiResponse(notifId, userResponse);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            Slog.e(TAG, "RemoteException in LocationManagerService.sendNiResponse");
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return null if the provider does not exist
     * @throws SecurityException if the provider is not allowed to be
     *                           accessed by the caller
     */
    @Override
    public ProviderProperties getProviderProperties(String provider) {
        if (mProvidersByName.get(provider) == null) {
            return null;
        }

        checkResolutionLevelIsSufficientForProviderUse(getCallerAllowedResolutionLevel(),
                provider);

        LocationProviderInterface p;
        synchronized (mLock) {
            p = mProvidersByName.get(provider);
        }

        if (p == null) return null;
        return p.getProperties();
    }

    /**
     * @return null if the provider does not exist
     * @throws SecurityException if the provider is not allowed to be
     *                           accessed by the caller
     */
    @Override
    public String getNetworkProviderPackage() {
        LocationProviderInterface p;
        synchronized (mLock) {
            if (mProvidersByName.get(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER) == null) {
                return null;
            }
            p = mProvidersByName.get(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);
        }

        if (p instanceof LocationProviderProxy) {
            return ((LocationProviderProxy) p).getConnectedPackageName();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     *  Returns the current location enabled/disabled status for a user
     *
     *  @param userId the id of the user
     *  @return true if location is enabled
     */
    @Override
    public boolean isLocationEnabledForUser(int userId) {
        // Check INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS permission if userId is not current user id.
        checkInteractAcrossUsersPermission(userId);

        long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        try {
            synchronized (mLock) {
                final String allowedProviders = Settings.Secure.getStringForUser(
                        mContext.getContentResolver(),
                        Settings.Secure.LOCATION_PROVIDERS_ALLOWED,
                        userId);
                if (allowedProviders == null) {
                    return false;
                }
                final List<String> providerList = Arrays.asList(allowedProviders.split(","));
                for(String provider : mRealProviders.keySet()) {
                    if (provider.equals(LocationManager.PASSIVE_PROVIDER)
                            || provider.equals(LocationManager.FUSED_PROVIDER)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    if (providerList.contains(provider)) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
                return false;
            }
        } finally {
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }
    }

    /**
     *  Enable or disable location for a user
     *
     *  @param enabled true to enable location, false to disable location
     *  @param userId the id of the user
     */
    @Override
    public void setLocationEnabledForUser(boolean enabled, int userId) {
        mContext.enforceCallingPermission(
            android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS,
            "Requires WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS permission");

        // Check INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS permission if userId is not current user id.
        checkInteractAcrossUsersPermission(userId);

        long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        try {
            synchronized (mLock) {
                final Set<String> allRealProviders = mRealProviders.keySet();
                // Update all providers on device plus gps and network provider when disabling
                // location
                Set<String> allProvidersSet = new ArraySet<>(allRealProviders.size() + 2);
                allProvidersSet.addAll(allRealProviders);
                // When disabling location, disable gps and network provider that could have been
                // enabled by location mode api.
                if (enabled == false) {
                    allProvidersSet.add(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
                    allProvidersSet.add(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);
                }
                if (allProvidersSet.isEmpty()) {
                    return;
                }
                // to ensure thread safety, we write the provider name with a '+' or '-'
                // and let the SettingsProvider handle it rather than reading and modifying
                // the list of enabled providers.
                final String prefix = enabled ? "+" : "-";
                StringBuilder locationProvidersAllowed = new StringBuilder();
                for (String provider : allProvidersSet) {
                    if (provider.equals(LocationManager.PASSIVE_PROVIDER)
                            || provider.equals(LocationManager.FUSED_PROVIDER)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    locationProvidersAllowed.append(prefix);
                    locationProvidersAllowed.append(provider);
                    locationProvidersAllowed.append(",");
                }
                // Remove the trailing comma
                locationProvidersAllowed.setLength(locationProvidersAllowed.length() - 1);
                Settings.Secure.putStringForUser(
                        mContext.getContentResolver(),
                        Settings.Secure.LOCATION_PROVIDERS_ALLOWED,
                        locationProvidersAllowed.toString(),
                        userId);
            }
        } finally {
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }
    }

    /**
     *  Returns the current enabled/disabled status of a location provider and user
     *
     *  @param provider name of the provider
     *  @param userId the id of the user
     *  @return true if the provider exists and is enabled
     */
    @Override
    public boolean isProviderEnabledForUser(String provider, int userId) {
        // Check INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS permission if userId is not current user id.
        checkInteractAcrossUsersPermission(userId);

        // Fused provider is accessed indirectly via criteria rather than the provider-based APIs,
        // so we discourage its use
        if (LocationManager.FUSED_PROVIDER.equals(provider)) return false;

        int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
        synchronized (mLock) {
            LocationProviderInterface p = mProvidersByName.get(provider);
            return p != null
                    && isAllowedByUserSettingsLocked(provider, uid, userId);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Enable or disable a single location provider.
     *
     * @param provider name of the provider
     * @param enabled true to enable the provider. False to disable the provider
     * @param userId the id of the user to set
     * @return true if the value was set, false on errors
     */
    @Override
    public boolean setProviderEnabledForUser(String provider, boolean enabled, int userId) {
        mContext.enforceCallingPermission(
                android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS,
                "Requires WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS permission");

        // Check INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS permission if userId is not current user id.
        checkInteractAcrossUsersPermission(userId);

        // Fused provider is accessed indirectly via criteria rather than the provider-based APIs,
        // so we discourage its use
        if (LocationManager.FUSED_PROVIDER.equals(provider)) return false;

        long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        try {
            synchronized (mLock) {
                // No such provider exists
                if (!mProvidersByName.containsKey(provider)) return false;

                // If it is a test provider, do not write to Settings.Secure
                if (mMockProviders.containsKey(provider)) {
                    setTestProviderEnabled(provider, enabled);
                    return true;
                }

                // to ensure thread safety, we write the provider name with a '+' or '-'
                // and let the SettingsProvider handle it rather than reading and modifying
                // the list of enabled providers.
                String providerChange = (enabled ? "+" : "-") + provider;
                return Settings.Secure.putStringForUser(
                        mContext.getContentResolver(), Settings.Secure.LOCATION_PROVIDERS_ALLOWED,
                        providerChange, userId);
            }
        } finally {
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Read location provider status from Settings.Secure
     *
     * @param provider the location provider to query
     * @param userId the user id to query
     * @return true if the provider is enabled
     */
    private boolean isLocationProviderEnabledForUser(String provider, int userId) {
        long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        try {
            // Use system settings
            ContentResolver cr = mContext.getContentResolver();
            String allowedProviders = Settings.Secure.getStringForUser(
                    cr, Settings.Secure.LOCATION_PROVIDERS_ALLOWED, userId);
            return TextUtils.delimitedStringContains(allowedProviders, ',', provider);
        } finally {
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Method for checking INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS permission if specified user id is not the same as
     * current user id
     *
     * @param userId the user id to get or set value
     */
    private void checkInteractAcrossUsersPermission(int userId) {
        int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
        if (UserHandle.getUserId(uid) != userId) {
            if (ActivityManager.checkComponentPermission(
                    android.Manifest.permission.INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS, uid, -1, true)
                    != PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                throw new SecurityException("Requires INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS permission");
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns "true" if the UID belongs to a bound location provider.
     *
     * @param uid the uid
     * @return true if uid belongs to a bound location provider
     */
    private boolean isUidALocationProvider(int uid) {
        if (uid == Process.SYSTEM_UID) {
            return true;
        }
        if (mGeocodeProvider != null) {
            if (doesUidHavePackage(uid, mGeocodeProvider.getConnectedPackageName())) return true;
        }
        for (LocationProviderProxy proxy : mProxyProviders) {
            if (doesUidHavePackage(uid, proxy.getConnectedPackageName())) return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    private void checkCallerIsProvider() {
        if (mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(INSTALL_LOCATION_PROVIDER)
                == PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            return;
        }

        // Previously we only used the INSTALL_LOCATION_PROVIDER
        // check. But that is system or signature
        // protection level which is not flexible enough for
        // providers installed oustide the system image. So
        // also allow providers with a UID matching the
        // currently bound package name

        if (isUidALocationProvider(Binder.getCallingUid())) {
            return;
        }

        throw new SecurityException("need INSTALL_LOCATION_PROVIDER permission, " +
                "or UID of a currently bound location provider");
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the given package belongs to the given uid.
     */
    private boolean doesUidHavePackage(int uid, String packageName) {
        if (packageName == null) {
            return false;
        }
        String[] packageNames = mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(uid);
        if (packageNames == null) {
            return false;
        }
        for (String name : packageNames) {
            if (packageName.equals(name)) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void reportLocation(Location location, boolean passive) {
        checkCallerIsProvider();

        if (!location.isComplete()) {
            Log.w(TAG, "Dropping incomplete location: " + location);
            return;
        }

        mLocationHandler.removeMessages(MSG_LOCATION_CHANGED, location);
        Message m = Message.obtain(mLocationHandler, MSG_LOCATION_CHANGED, location);
        m.arg1 = (passive ? 1 : 0);
        mLocationHandler.sendMessageAtFrontOfQueue(m);
    }


    private static boolean shouldBroadcastSafe(
            Location loc, Location lastLoc, UpdateRecord record, long now) {
        // Always broadcast the first update
        if (lastLoc == null) {
            return true;
        }

        // Check whether sufficient time has passed
        long minTime = record.mRealRequest.getFastestInterval();
        long delta = (loc.getElapsedRealtimeNanos() - lastLoc.getElapsedRealtimeNanos())
                / NANOS_PER_MILLI;
        if (delta < minTime - MAX_PROVIDER_SCHEDULING_JITTER_MS) {
            return false;
        }

        // Check whether sufficient distance has been traveled
        double minDistance = record.mRealRequest.getSmallestDisplacement();
        if (minDistance > 0.0) {
            if (loc.distanceTo(lastLoc) <= minDistance) {
                return false;
            }
        }

        // Check whether sufficient number of udpates is left
        if (record.mRealRequest.getNumUpdates() <= 0) {
            return false;
        }

        // Check whether the expiry date has passed
        return record.mRealRequest.getExpireAt() >= now;
    }

    private void handleLocationChangedLocked(Location location, boolean passive) {
        if (D) Log.d(TAG, "incoming location: " + location);
        long now = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
        String provider = (passive ? LocationManager.PASSIVE_PROVIDER : location.getProvider());
        // Skip if the provider is unknown.
        LocationProviderInterface p = mProvidersByName.get(provider);
        if (p == null) return;
        updateLastLocationLocked(location, provider);
        // mLastLocation should have been updated from the updateLastLocationLocked call above.
        Location lastLocation = mLastLocation.get(provider);
        if (lastLocation == null) {
            Log.e(TAG, "handleLocationChangedLocked() updateLastLocation failed");
            return;
        }

        // Update last known coarse interval location if enough time has passed.
        Location lastLocationCoarseInterval = mLastLocationCoarseInterval.get(provider);
        if (lastLocationCoarseInterval == null) {
            lastLocationCoarseInterval = new Location(location);
            mLastLocationCoarseInterval.put(provider, lastLocationCoarseInterval);
        }
        long timeDiffNanos = location.getElapsedRealtimeNanos()
                - lastLocationCoarseInterval.getElapsedRealtimeNanos();
        if (timeDiffNanos > LocationFudger.FASTEST_INTERVAL_MS * NANOS_PER_MILLI) {
            lastLocationCoarseInterval.set(location);
        }
        // Don't ever return a coarse location that is more recent than the allowed update
        // interval (i.e. don't allow an app to keep registering and unregistering for
        // location updates to overcome the minimum interval).
        Location noGPSLocation =
                lastLocationCoarseInterval.getExtraLocation(Location.EXTRA_NO_GPS_LOCATION);

        // Skip if there are no UpdateRecords for this provider.
        ArrayList<UpdateRecord> records = mRecordsByProvider.get(provider);
        if (records == null || records.size() == 0) return;

        // Fetch coarse location
        Location coarseLocation = null;
        if (noGPSLocation != null) {
            coarseLocation = mLocationFudger.getOrCreate(noGPSLocation);
        }

        // Fetch latest status update time
        long newStatusUpdateTime = p.getStatusUpdateTime();

        // Get latest status
        Bundle extras = new Bundle();
        int status = p.getStatus(extras);

        ArrayList<Receiver> deadReceivers = null;
        ArrayList<UpdateRecord> deadUpdateRecords = null;

        // Broadcast location or status to all listeners
        for (UpdateRecord r : records) {
            Receiver receiver = r.mReceiver;
            boolean receiverDead = false;

            int receiverUserId = UserHandle.getUserId(receiver.mIdentity.mUid);
            if (!isCurrentProfile(receiverUserId)
                    && !isUidALocationProvider(receiver.mIdentity.mUid)) {
                if (D) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "skipping loc update for background user " + receiverUserId +
                            " (current user: " + mCurrentUserId + ", app: " +
                            receiver.mIdentity.mPackageName + ")");
                }
                continue;
            }

            if (mBlacklist.isBlacklisted(receiver.mIdentity.mPackageName)) {
                if (D) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "skipping loc update for blacklisted app: " +
                            receiver.mIdentity.mPackageName);
                }
                continue;
            }

            if (!reportLocationAccessNoThrow(
                    receiver.mIdentity.mPid,
                    receiver.mIdentity.mUid,
                    receiver.mIdentity.mPackageName,
                    receiver.mAllowedResolutionLevel)) {
                if (D) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "skipping loc update for no op app: " +
                            receiver.mIdentity.mPackageName);
                }
                continue;
            }

            Location notifyLocation;
            if (receiver.mAllowedResolutionLevel < RESOLUTION_LEVEL_FINE) {
                notifyLocation = coarseLocation;  // use coarse location
            } else {
                notifyLocation = lastLocation;  // use fine location
            }
            if (notifyLocation != null) {
                Location lastLoc = r.mLastFixBroadcast;
                if ((lastLoc == null) || shouldBroadcastSafe(notifyLocation, lastLoc, r, now)) {
                    if (lastLoc == null) {
                        lastLoc = new Location(notifyLocation);
                        r.mLastFixBroadcast = lastLoc;
                    } else {
                        lastLoc.set(notifyLocation);
                    }
                    if (!receiver.callLocationChangedLocked(notifyLocation)) {
                        Slog.w(TAG, "RemoteException calling onLocationChanged on " + receiver);
                        receiverDead = true;
                    }
                    r.mRealRequest.decrementNumUpdates();
                }
            }

            long prevStatusUpdateTime = r.mLastStatusBroadcast;
            if ((newStatusUpdateTime > prevStatusUpdateTime) &&
                    (prevStatusUpdateTime != 0 || status != LocationProvider.AVAILABLE)) {

                r.mLastStatusBroadcast = newStatusUpdateTime;
                if (!receiver.callStatusChangedLocked(provider, status, extras)) {
                    receiverDead = true;
                    Slog.w(TAG, "RemoteException calling onStatusChanged on " + receiver);
                }
            }

            // track expired records
            if (r.mRealRequest.getNumUpdates() <= 0 || r.mRealRequest.getExpireAt() < now) {
                if (deadUpdateRecords == null) {
                    deadUpdateRecords = new ArrayList<>();
                }
                deadUpdateRecords.add(r);
            }
            // track dead receivers
            if (receiverDead) {
                if (deadReceivers == null) {
                    deadReceivers = new ArrayList<>();
                }
                if (!deadReceivers.contains(receiver)) {
                    deadReceivers.add(receiver);
                }
            }
        }

        // remove dead records and receivers outside the loop
        if (deadReceivers != null) {
            for (Receiver receiver : deadReceivers) {
                removeUpdatesLocked(receiver);
            }
        }
        if (deadUpdateRecords != null) {
            for (UpdateRecord r : deadUpdateRecords) {
                r.disposeLocked(true);
            }
            applyRequirementsLocked(provider);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Updates last location with the given location
     *
     * @param location             new location to update
     * @param provider             Location provider to update for
     */
    private void updateLastLocationLocked(Location location, String provider) {
        Location noGPSLocation = location.getExtraLocation(Location.EXTRA_NO_GPS_LOCATION);
        Location lastNoGPSLocation;
        Location lastLocation = mLastLocation.get(provider);
        if (lastLocation == null) {
            lastLocation = new Location(provider);
            mLastLocation.put(provider, lastLocation);
        } else {
            lastNoGPSLocation = lastLocation.getExtraLocation(Location.EXTRA_NO_GPS_LOCATION);
            if (noGPSLocation == null && lastNoGPSLocation != null) {
                // New location has no no-GPS location: adopt last no-GPS location. This is set
                // directly into location because we do not want to notify COARSE clients.
                location.setExtraLocation(Location.EXTRA_NO_GPS_LOCATION, lastNoGPSLocation);
            }
        }
        lastLocation.set(location);
    }

    private class LocationWorkerHandler extends Handler {
        public LocationWorkerHandler(Looper looper) {
            super(looper, null, true);
        }

        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            switch (msg.what) {
                case MSG_LOCATION_CHANGED:
                    handleLocationChanged((Location) msg.obj, msg.arg1 == 1);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    private boolean isMockProvider(String provider) {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            return mMockProviders.containsKey(provider);
        }
    }

    private void handleLocationChanged(Location location, boolean passive) {
        // create a working copy of the incoming Location so that the service can modify it without
        // disturbing the caller's copy
        Location myLocation = new Location(location);
        String provider = myLocation.getProvider();

        // set "isFromMockProvider" bit if location came from a mock provider. we do not clear this
        // bit if location did not come from a mock provider because passive/fused providers can
        // forward locations from mock providers, and should not grant them legitimacy in doing so.
        if (!myLocation.isFromMockProvider() && isMockProvider(provider)) {
            myLocation.setIsFromMockProvider(true);
        }

        synchronized (mLock) {
            if (isAllowedByCurrentUserSettingsLocked(provider)) {
                if (!passive) {
                    // notify passive provider of the new location
                    mPassiveProvider.updateLocation(myLocation);
                }
                handleLocationChangedLocked(myLocation, passive);
            }
        }
    }

    private final PackageMonitor mPackageMonitor = new PackageMonitor() {
        @Override
        public void onPackageDisappeared(String packageName, int reason) {
            // remove all receivers associated with this package name
            synchronized (mLock) {
                ArrayList<Receiver> deadReceivers = null;

                for (Receiver receiver : mReceivers.values()) {
                    if (receiver.mIdentity.mPackageName.equals(packageName)) {
                        if (deadReceivers == null) {
                            deadReceivers = new ArrayList<>();
                        }
                        deadReceivers.add(receiver);
                    }
                }

                // perform removal outside of mReceivers loop
                if (deadReceivers != null) {
                    for (Receiver receiver : deadReceivers) {
                        removeUpdatesLocked(receiver);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    };

    // Geocoder

    @Override
    public boolean geocoderIsPresent() {
        return mGeocodeProvider != null;
    }

    @Override
    public String getFromLocation(double latitude, double longitude, int maxResults,
            GeocoderParams params, List<Address> addrs) {
        if (mGeocodeProvider != null) {
            return mGeocodeProvider.getFromLocation(latitude, longitude, maxResults,
                    params, addrs);
        }
        return null;
    }


    @Override
    public String getFromLocationName(String locationName,
            double lowerLeftLatitude, double lowerLeftLongitude,
            double upperRightLatitude, double upperRightLongitude, int maxResults,
            GeocoderParams params, List<Address> addrs) {

        if (mGeocodeProvider != null) {
            return mGeocodeProvider.getFromLocationName(locationName, lowerLeftLatitude,
                    lowerLeftLongitude, upperRightLatitude, upperRightLongitude,
                    maxResults, params, addrs);
        }
        return null;
    }

    // Mock Providers

    private boolean canCallerAccessMockLocation(String opPackageName) {
        return mAppOps.noteOp(AppOpsManager.OP_MOCK_LOCATION, Binder.getCallingUid(),
                opPackageName) == AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED;
    }

    @Override
    public void addTestProvider(String name, ProviderProperties properties, String opPackageName) {
        if (!canCallerAccessMockLocation(opPackageName)) {
            return;
        }

        if (LocationManager.PASSIVE_PROVIDER.equals(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot mock the passive location provider");
        }

        long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        synchronized (mLock) {
            // remove the real provider if we are replacing GPS or network provider
            if (LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER.equals(name)
                    || LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER.equals(name)
                    || LocationManager.FUSED_PROVIDER.equals(name)) {
                LocationProviderInterface p = mProvidersByName.get(name);
                if (p != null) {
                    removeProviderLocked(p);
                }
            }
            addTestProviderLocked(name, properties);
            updateProvidersLocked();
        }
        Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
    }

    private void addTestProviderLocked(String name, ProviderProperties properties) {
        if (mProvidersByName.get(name) != null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Provider \"" + name + "\" already exists");
        }
        MockProvider provider = new MockProvider(name, this, properties);
        addProviderLocked(provider);
        mMockProviders.put(name, provider);
        mLastLocation.put(name, null);
        mLastLocationCoarseInterval.put(name, null);
    }

    @Override
    public void removeTestProvider(String provider, String opPackageName) {
        if (!canCallerAccessMockLocation(opPackageName)) {
            return;
        }

        synchronized (mLock) {

            // These methods can't be called after removing the test provider, so first make sure
            // we don't leave anything dangling.
            clearTestProviderEnabled(provider, opPackageName);
            clearTestProviderLocation(provider, opPackageName);
            clearTestProviderStatus(provider, opPackageName);

            MockProvider mockProvider = mMockProviders.remove(provider);
            if (mockProvider == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Provider \"" + provider + "\" unknown");
            }
            long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            removeProviderLocked(mProvidersByName.get(provider));

            // reinstate real provider if available
            LocationProviderInterface realProvider = mRealProviders.get(provider);
            if (realProvider != null) {
                addProviderLocked(realProvider);
            }
            mLastLocation.put(provider, null);
            mLastLocationCoarseInterval.put(provider, null);
            updateProvidersLocked();
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void setTestProviderLocation(String provider, Location loc, String opPackageName) {
        if (!canCallerAccessMockLocation(opPackageName)) {
            return;
        }

        synchronized (mLock) {
            MockProvider mockProvider = mMockProviders.get(provider);
            if (mockProvider == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Provider \"" + provider + "\" unknown");
            }

            // Ensure that the location is marked as being mock. There's some logic to do this in
            // handleLocationChanged(), but it fails if loc has the wrong provider (bug 33091107).
            Location mock = new Location(loc);
            mock.setIsFromMockProvider(true);

            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(loc.getProvider()) && !provider.equals(loc.getProvider())) {
                // The location has an explicit provider that is different from the mock provider
                // name. The caller may be trying to fool us via bug 33091107.
                EventLog.writeEvent(0x534e4554, "33091107", Binder.getCallingUid(),
                        provider + "!=" + loc.getProvider());
            }

            // clear calling identity so INSTALL_LOCATION_PROVIDER permission is not required
            long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            mockProvider.setLocation(mock);
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void clearTestProviderLocation(String provider, String opPackageName) {
        if (!canCallerAccessMockLocation(opPackageName)) {
            return;
        }

        synchronized (mLock) {
            MockProvider mockProvider = mMockProviders.get(provider);
            if (mockProvider == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Provider \"" + provider + "\" unknown");
            }
            mockProvider.clearLocation();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void setTestProviderEnabled(String provider, boolean enabled, String opPackageName) {
        if (!canCallerAccessMockLocation(opPackageName)) {
            return;
        }
        setTestProviderEnabled(provider, enabled);
    }

    /** Enable or disable a test location provider. */
    private void setTestProviderEnabled(String provider, boolean enabled) {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            MockProvider mockProvider = mMockProviders.get(provider);
            if (mockProvider == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Provider \"" + provider + "\" unknown");
            }
            long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            if (enabled) {
                mockProvider.enable();
                mEnabledProviders.add(provider);
                mDisabledProviders.remove(provider);
            } else {
                mockProvider.disable();
                mEnabledProviders.remove(provider);
                mDisabledProviders.add(provider);
            }
            updateProvidersLocked();
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void clearTestProviderEnabled(String provider, String opPackageName) {
        if (!canCallerAccessMockLocation(opPackageName)) {
            return;
        }

        synchronized (mLock) {
            MockProvider mockProvider = mMockProviders.get(provider);
            if (mockProvider == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Provider \"" + provider + "\" unknown");
            }
            long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            mEnabledProviders.remove(provider);
            mDisabledProviders.remove(provider);
            updateProvidersLocked();
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void setTestProviderStatus(String provider, int status, Bundle extras, long updateTime,
            String opPackageName) {
        if (!canCallerAccessMockLocation(opPackageName)) {
            return;
        }

        synchronized (mLock) {
            MockProvider mockProvider = mMockProviders.get(provider);
            if (mockProvider == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Provider \"" + provider + "\" unknown");
            }
            mockProvider.setStatus(status, extras, updateTime);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void clearTestProviderStatus(String provider, String opPackageName) {
        if (!canCallerAccessMockLocation(opPackageName)) {
            return;
        }

        synchronized (mLock) {
            MockProvider mockProvider = mMockProviders.get(provider);
            if (mockProvider == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Provider \"" + provider + "\" unknown");
            }
            mockProvider.clearStatus();
        }
    }

    private void log(String log) {
        if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
            Slog.d(TAG, log);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void dump(FileDescriptor fd, PrintWriter pw, String[] args) {
        if (!DumpUtils.checkDumpPermission(mContext, TAG, pw)) return;

        synchronized (mLock) {
            if (args.length > 0 && args[0].equals("--gnssmetrics")) {
                if (mGnssMetricsProvider != null) {
                    pw.append(mGnssMetricsProvider.getGnssMetricsAsProtoString());
                }
                return;
            }
            pw.println("Current Location Manager state:");
            pw.println("  Location Listeners:");
            for (Receiver receiver : mReceivers.values()) {
                pw.println("    " + receiver);
            }
            pw.println("  Active Records by Provider:");
            for (Map.Entry<String, ArrayList<UpdateRecord>> entry : mRecordsByProvider.entrySet()) {
                pw.println("    " + entry.getKey() + ":");
                for (UpdateRecord record : entry.getValue()) {
                    pw.println("      " + record);
                }
            }
            pw.println("  Active GnssMeasurement Listeners:");
            for (Identity identity : mGnssMeasurementsListeners.values()) {
                pw.println("    " + identity.mPid + " " + identity.mUid + " "
                        + identity.mPackageName + ": " + isThrottlingExemptLocked(identity));
            }
            pw.println("  Active GnssNavigationMessage Listeners:");
            for (Identity identity : mGnssNavigationMessageListeners.values()) {
                pw.println("    " + identity.mPid + " " + identity.mUid + " "
                        + identity.mPackageName + ": " + isThrottlingExemptLocked(identity));
            }
            pw.println("  Overlay Provider Packages:");
            for (LocationProviderInterface provider : mProviders) {
                if (provider instanceof LocationProviderProxy) {
                    pw.println("    " + provider.getName() + ": "
                            + ((LocationProviderProxy) provider).getConnectedPackageName());
                }
            }
            pw.println("  Historical Records by Provider:");
            for (Map.Entry<PackageProviderKey, PackageStatistics> entry
                    : mRequestStatistics.statistics.entrySet()) {
                PackageProviderKey key = entry.getKey();
                PackageStatistics stats = entry.getValue();
                pw.println("    " + key.packageName + ": " + key.providerName + ": " + stats);
            }
            pw.println("  Last Known Locations:");
            for (Map.Entry<String, Location> entry : mLastLocation.entrySet()) {
                String provider = entry.getKey();
                Location location = entry.getValue();
                pw.println("    " + provider + ": " + location);
            }

            pw.println("  Last Known Locations Coarse Intervals:");
            for (Map.Entry<String, Location> entry : mLastLocationCoarseInterval.entrySet()) {
                String provider = entry.getKey();
                Location location = entry.getValue();
                pw.println("    " + provider + ": " + location);
            }

            mGeofenceManager.dump(pw);

            if (mEnabledProviders.size() > 0) {
                pw.println("  Enabled Providers:");
                for (String i : mEnabledProviders) {
                    pw.println("    " + i);
                }

            }
            if (mDisabledProviders.size() > 0) {
                pw.println("  Disabled Providers:");
                for (String i : mDisabledProviders) {
                    pw.println("    " + i);
                }
            }
            pw.append("  ");
            mBlacklist.dump(pw);
            if (mMockProviders.size() > 0) {
                pw.println("  Mock Providers:");
                for (Map.Entry<String, MockProvider> i : mMockProviders.entrySet()) {
                    i.getValue().dump(pw, "      ");
                }
            }

            if (!mBackgroundThrottlePackageWhitelist.isEmpty()) {
                pw.println("  Throttling Whitelisted Packages:");
                for (String packageName : mBackgroundThrottlePackageWhitelist) {
                    pw.println("    " + packageName);
                }
            }

            pw.append("  fudger: ");
            mLocationFudger.dump(fd, pw, args);

            if (args.length > 0 && "short".equals(args[0])) {
                return;
            }
            for (LocationProviderInterface provider : mProviders) {
                pw.print(provider.getName() + " Internal State");
                if (provider instanceof LocationProviderProxy) {
                    LocationProviderProxy proxy = (LocationProviderProxy) provider;
                    pw.print(" (" + proxy.getConnectedPackageName() + ")");
                }
                pw.println(":");
                provider.dump(fd, pw, args);
            }
            if (mGnssBatchingInProgress) {
                pw.println("  GNSS batching in progress");
            }
        }
    }
}