bootctrl/bootloader_message.h

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#ifndef _BOOTLOADER_MESSAGE_H
#define _BOOTLOADER_MESSAGE_H

#include <assert.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>

// Spaces used by misc partition are as below:
// 0   - 2K     For bootloader_message
// 2K  - 16K    Used by Vendor's bootloader (the 2K - 4K range may be optionally used
//              as bootloader_message_ab struct)
// 16K - 64K    Used by uncrypt and recovery to store wipe_package for A/B devices
// Note that these offsets are admitted by bootloader,recovery and uncrypt, so they
// are not configurable without changing all of them.
static const size_t BOOTLOADER_MESSAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC = 0;
static const size_t WIPE_PACKAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC = 16 * 1024;

/* Bootloader Message (2-KiB)
 *
 * This structure describes the content of a block in flash
 * that is used for recovery and the bootloader to talk to
 * each other.
 *
 * The command field is updated by linux when it wants to
 * reboot into recovery or to update radio or bootloader firmware.
 * It is also updated by the bootloader when firmware update
 * is complete (to boot into recovery for any final cleanup)
 *
 * The status field was used by the bootloader after the completion
 * of an "update-radio" or "update-hboot" command, which has been
 * deprecated since Froyo.
 *
 * The recovery field is only written by linux and used
 * for the system to send a message to recovery or the
 * other way around.
 *
 * The stage field is written by packages which restart themselves
 * multiple times, so that the UI can reflect which invocation of the
 * package it is.  If the value is of the format "#/#" (eg, "1/3"),
 * the UI will add a simple indicator of that status.
 *
 * We used to have slot_suffix field for A/B boot control metadata in
 * this struct, which gets unintentionally cleared by recovery or
 * uncrypt. Move it into struct bootloader_message_ab to avoid the
 * issue.
 */
struct bootloader_message {
    char command[32];
    char status[32];
    char recovery[768];

    // The 'recovery' field used to be 1024 bytes.  It has only ever
    // been used to store the recovery command line, so 768 bytes
    // should be plenty.  We carve off the last 256 bytes to store the
    // stage string (for multistage packages) and possible future
    // expansion.
    char stage[32];

    // The 'reserved' field used to be 224 bytes when it was initially
    // carved off from the 1024-byte recovery field. Bump it up to
    // 1184-byte so that the entire bootloader_message struct rounds up
    // to 2048-byte.
    char reserved[1184];
};

/**
 * We must be cautious when changing the bootloader_message struct size,
 * because A/B-specific fields may end up with different offsets.
 */
#if (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L) || defined(__cplusplus)
static_assert(sizeof(struct bootloader_message) == 2048,
              "struct bootloader_message size changes, which may break A/B devices");
#endif

/**
 * The A/B-specific bootloader message structure (4-KiB).
 *
 * We separate A/B boot control metadata from the regular bootloader
 * message struct and keep it here. Everything that's A/B-specific
 * stays after struct bootloader_message, which should be managed by
 * the A/B-bootloader or boot control HAL.
 *
 * The slot_suffix field is used for A/B implementations where the
 * bootloader does not set the androidboot.ro.boot.slot_suffix kernel
 * commandline parameter. This is used by fs_mgr to mount /system and
 * other partitions with the slotselect flag set in fstab. A/B
 * implementations are free to use all 32 bytes and may store private
 * data past the first NUL-byte in this field. It is encouraged, but
 * not mandatory, to use 'struct bootloader_control' described below.
 *
 * The update_channel field is used to store the Omaha update channel
 * if update_engine is compiled with Omaha support.
 */
struct bootloader_message_ab {
    struct bootloader_message message;
    char slot_suffix[32];
    char update_channel[128];

    // Round up the entire struct to 4096-byte.
    char reserved[1888];
};

/**
 * Be cautious about the struct size change, in case we put anything post
 * bootloader_message_ab struct (b/29159185).
 */
#if (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L) || defined(__cplusplus)
static_assert(sizeof(struct bootloader_message_ab) == 4096,
              "struct bootloader_message_ab size changes");
#endif

#define BOOT_CTRL_MAGIC   0x42414342 /* Bootloader Control AB */
#define BOOT_CTRL_VERSION 1

struct slot_metadata {
    // Slot priority with 15 meaning highest priority, 1 lowest
    // priority and 0 the slot is unbootable.
    uint8_t priority : 4;
    // Number of times left attempting to boot this slot.
    uint8_t tries_remaining : 3;
    // 1 if this slot has booted successfully, 0 otherwise.
    uint8_t successful_boot : 1;
    // 1 if this slot is corrupted from a dm-verity corruption, 0
    // otherwise.
    uint8_t verity_corrupted : 1;
    // Reserved for further use.
    uint8_t reserved : 7;
} __attribute__((packed));

/* Bootloader Control AB
 *
 * This struct can be used to manage A/B metadata. It is designed to
 * be put in the 'slot_suffix' field of the 'bootloader_message'
 * structure described above. It is encouraged to use the
 * 'bootloader_control' structure to store the A/B metadata, but not
 * mandatory.
 */
struct bootloader_control {
    // NUL terminated active slot suffix.
    char slot_suffix[4];
    // Bootloader Control AB magic number (see BOOT_CTRL_MAGIC).
    uint32_t magic;
    // Version of struct being used (see BOOT_CTRL_VERSION).
    uint8_t version;
    // Number of slots being managed.
    uint8_t nb_slot : 3;
    // Number of times left attempting to boot recovery.
    uint8_t recovery_tries_remaining : 3;
    // Ensure 4-bytes alignment for slot_info field.
    uint8_t reserved0[2];
    // Per-slot information.  Up to 4 slots.
    struct slot_metadata slot_info[4];
    // Reserved for further use.
    uint8_t reserved1[8];
    // CRC32 of all 28 bytes preceding this field (little endian
    // format).
    uint32_t crc32_le;
} __attribute__((packed));

#if (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L) || defined(__cplusplus)
static_assert(sizeof(struct bootloader_control) ==
              sizeof(((struct bootloader_message_ab *)0)->slot_suffix),
              "struct bootloader_control has wrong size");
#endif

#ifdef __cplusplus

#include <string>
#include <vector>

// Return the block device name for the bootloader message partition and waits
// for the device for up to 10 seconds. In case of error returns the empty
// string.
std::string get_bootloader_message_blk_device(std::string* err);

// Read bootloader message into boot. Error message will be set in err.
bool read_bootloader_message(bootloader_message* boot, std::string* err);

// Read bootloader message from the specified misc device into boot.
bool read_bootloader_message_from(bootloader_message* boot, const std::string& misc_blk_device,
                                  std::string* err);

// Read bootloader control block from the specified misc device into boot_ctrl.
bool read_bootloader_control_from(bootloader_control* boot_ctrl, const std::string& misc_blk_device,
                                  std::string* err);

// Write bootloader message to BCB.
bool write_bootloader_message(const bootloader_message& boot, std::string* err);

// Write bootloader message to the specified BCB device.
bool write_bootloader_message_to(const bootloader_message& boot,
                                 const std::string& misc_blk_device, std::string* err);

// Write bootloader message (boots into recovery with the options) to BCB. Will
// set the command and recovery fields, and reset the rest.
bool write_bootloader_message(const std::vector<std::string>& options, std::string* err);

// Write bootloader control block to the specified BCB device.
bool write_bootloader_control_to(const bootloader_control* boot_ctrl, const std::string& misc_blk_device,
                                 std::string* err);

// Update bootloader message (boots into recovery with the options) to BCB. Will
// only update the command and recovery fields.
bool update_bootloader_message(const std::vector<std::string>& options, std::string* err);

// Update bootloader message (boots into recovery with the |options|) in |boot|. Will only update
// the command and recovery fields.
bool update_bootloader_message_in_struct(bootloader_message* boot,
                                         const std::vector<std::string>& options);

// Clear BCB.
bool clear_bootloader_message(std::string* err);

// Writes the reboot-bootloader reboot reason to the bootloader_message.
bool write_reboot_bootloader(std::string* err);

// Read the wipe package from BCB (from offset WIPE_PACKAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC).
bool read_wipe_package(std::string* package_data, size_t size, std::string* err);

// Write the wipe package into BCB (to offset WIPE_PACKAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC).
bool write_wipe_package(const std::string& package_data, std::string* err);

#else

#include <stdbool.h>

// C Interface.
bool write_bootloader_message(const char* options);
bool write_reboot_bootloader(void);

#endif  // ifdef __cplusplus

#endif  // _BOOTLOADER_MESSAGE_H