adb/services.c - platform/system/core - Gitiles

 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
  *
  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  *
  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */

 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <errno.h>

 #include "sysdeps.h"

 #define  TRACE_TAG  TRACE_SERVICES
 #include "adb.h"
 #include "file_sync_service.h"

 #if ADB_HOST
 #  ifndef HAVE_WINSOCK
 #    include <netinet/in.h>
 #    include <netdb.h>
 #    include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #  endif
 #else
 #  include <cutils/android_reboot.h>
 #  include <cutils/properties.h>
 #endif

 typedef struct stinfo stinfo;

 struct stinfo {
     void (*func)(int fd, void *cookie);
     int fd;
     void *cookie;
 };


 void *service_bootstrap_func(void *x)
 {
     stinfo *sti = x;
     sti->func(sti->fd, sti->cookie);
     free(sti);
     return 0;
 }

 #if !ADB_HOST

 void restart_root_service(int fd, void *cookie)
 {
     char buf[100];
     char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];

     if (getuid() == 0) {
         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "adbd is already running as root\n");
         writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
         adb_close(fd);
     } else {
         property_get("ro.debuggable", value, "");
         if (strcmp(value, "1") != 0) {
             snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "adbd cannot run as root in production builds\n");
             writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
             adb_close(fd);
             return;
         }

         property_set("service.adb.root", "1");
         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "restarting adbd as root\n");
         writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
         adb_close(fd);
     }
 }

 void restart_tcp_service(int fd, void *cookie)
 {
     char buf[100];
     char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
     int port = (int) (uintptr_t) cookie;

     if (port <= 0) {
         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "invalid port\n");
         writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
         adb_close(fd);
         return;
     }

     snprintf(value, sizeof(value), "%d", port);
     property_set("service.adb.tcp.port", value);
     snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "restarting in TCP mode port: %d\n", port);
     writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
     adb_close(fd);
 }

 void restart_usb_service(int fd, void *cookie)
 {
     char buf[100];

     property_set("service.adb.tcp.port", "0");
     snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "restarting in USB mode\n");
     writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
     adb_close(fd);
 }

 void reboot_service(int fd, void *arg)
 {
     char buf[100];
     char property_val[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
     int pid, ret;

     sync();

     /* Attempt to unmount the SD card first.
      * No need to bother checking for errors.
      */
     pid = fork();
     if (pid == 0) {
         /* ask vdc to unmount it */
         execl("/system/bin/vdc", "/system/bin/vdc", "volume", "unmount",
                 getenv("EXTERNAL_STORAGE"), "force", NULL);
     } else if (pid > 0) {
         /* wait until vdc succeeds or fails */
         waitpid(pid, &ret, 0);
     }

     ret = snprintf(property_val, sizeof(property_val), "reboot,%s", (char *) arg);
     if (ret >= (int) sizeof(property_val)) {
         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reboot string too long. length=%d\n", ret);
         writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
         goto cleanup;
     }

     ret = property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, property_val);
     if (ret < 0) {
         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reboot failed: %d\n", ret);
         writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
         goto cleanup;
     }
     // Don't return early. Give the reboot command time to take effect
     // to avoid messing up scripts which do "adb reboot && adb wait-for-device"
     while(1) { pause(); }
 cleanup:
     free(arg);
     adb_close(fd);
 }

 #endif

 static int create_service_thread(void (*func)(int, void *), void *cookie)
 {
     stinfo *sti;
     adb_thread_t t;
     int s[2];

     if(adb_socketpair(s)) {
         printf("cannot create service socket pair\n");
         return -1;
     }

     sti = malloc(sizeof(stinfo));
     if(sti == 0) fatal("cannot allocate stinfo");
     sti->func = func;
     sti->cookie = cookie;
     sti->fd = s[1];

     if(adb_thread_create( &t, service_bootstrap_func, sti)){
         free(sti);
         adb_close(s[0]);
         adb_close(s[1]);
         printf("cannot create service thread\n");
         return -1;
     }

     D("service thread started, %d:%d\n",s[0], s[1]);
     return s[0];
 }

 #if !ADB_HOST
 static int create_subprocess(const char *cmd, const char *arg0, const char *arg1, pid_t *pid)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE_WIN32_PROC
     D("create_subprocess(cmd=%s, arg0=%s, arg1=%s)\n", cmd, arg0, arg1);
     fprintf(stderr, "error: create_subprocess not implemented on Win32 (%s %s %s)\n", cmd, arg0, arg1);
     return -1;
 #else /* !HAVE_WIN32_PROC */
     char *devname;
     int ptm;

     ptm = unix_open("/dev/ptmx", O_RDWR); // | O_NOCTTY);
     if(ptm < 0){
         printf("[ cannot open /dev/ptmx - %s ]\n",strerror(errno));
         return -1;
     }
     fcntl(ptm, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);

     if(grantpt(ptm) || unlockpt(ptm) ||
        ((devname = (char*) ptsname(ptm)) == 0)){
         printf("[ trouble with /dev/ptmx - %s ]\n", strerror(errno));
         adb_close(ptm);
         return -1;
     }

     *pid = fork();
     if(*pid < 0) {
         printf("- fork failed: %s -\n", strerror(errno));
         adb_close(ptm);
         return -1;
     }

     if(*pid == 0){
         int pts;

         setsid();

         pts = unix_open(devname, O_RDWR);
         if(pts < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "child failed to open pseudo-term slave: %s\n", devname);
             exit(-1);
         }

         dup2(pts, 0);
         dup2(pts, 1);
         dup2(pts, 2);

         adb_close(pts);
         adb_close(ptm);

         // set OOM adjustment to zero
         char text[64];
         snprintf(text, sizeof text, "/proc/%d/oom_adj", getpid());
         int fd = adb_open(text, O_WRONLY);
         if (fd >= 0) {
             adb_write(fd, "0", 1);
             adb_close(fd);
         } else {
            D("adb: unable to open %s\n", text);
         }
         execl(cmd, cmd, arg0, arg1, NULL);
         fprintf(stderr, "- exec '%s' failed: %s (%d) -\n",
                 cmd, strerror(errno), errno);
         exit(-1);
     } else {
         // Don't set child's OOM adjustment to zero.
         // Let the child do it itself, as sometimes the parent starts
         // running before the child has a /proc/pid/oom_adj.
         // """adb: unable to open /proc/644/oom_adj""" seen in some logs.
         return ptm;
     }
 #endif /* !HAVE_WIN32_PROC */
 }
 #endif  /* !ABD_HOST */

 #if ADB_HOST
 #define SHELL_COMMAND "/bin/sh"
 #else
 #define SHELL_COMMAND "/system/bin/sh"
 #endif

 #if !ADB_HOST
 static void subproc_waiter_service(int fd, void *cookie)
 {
     pid_t pid = (pid_t) (uintptr_t) cookie;

     D("entered. fd=%d of pid=%d\n", fd, pid);
     for (;;) {
         int status;
         pid_t p = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
         if (p == pid) {
             D("fd=%d, post waitpid(pid=%d) status=%04x\n", fd, p, status);
             if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
                 D("*** Killed by signal %d\n", WTERMSIG(status));
                 break;
             } else if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
                 D("*** Didn't exit!!. status %d\n", status);
                 break;
             } else if (WEXITSTATUS(status) >= 0) {
                 D("*** Exit code %d\n", WEXITSTATUS(status));
                 break;
             }
          }
     }
     D("shell exited fd=%d of pid=%d err=%d\n", fd, pid, errno);
     if (SHELL_EXIT_NOTIFY_FD >=0) {
       int res;
       res = writex(SHELL_EXIT_NOTIFY_FD, &fd, sizeof(fd));
       D("notified shell exit via fd=%d for pid=%d res=%d errno=%d\n",
         SHELL_EXIT_NOTIFY_FD, pid, res, errno);
     }
 }

 static int create_subproc_thread(const char *name)
 {
     stinfo *sti;
     adb_thread_t t;
     int ret_fd;
     pid_t pid;
     if(name) {
         ret_fd = create_subprocess(SHELL_COMMAND, "-c", name, &pid);
     } else {
         ret_fd = create_subprocess(SHELL_COMMAND, "-", 0, &pid);
     }
     D("create_subprocess() ret_fd=%d pid=%d\n", ret_fd, pid);

     sti = malloc(sizeof(stinfo));
     if(sti == 0) fatal("cannot allocate stinfo");
     sti->func = subproc_waiter_service;
     sti->cookie = (void*) (uintptr_t) pid;
     sti->fd = ret_fd;

     if(adb_thread_create( &t, service_bootstrap_func, sti)){
         free(sti);
         adb_close(ret_fd);
         printf("cannot create service thread\n");
         return -1;
     }

     D("service thread started, fd=%d pid=%d\n",ret_fd, pid);
     return ret_fd;
 }
 #endif

 int service_to_fd(const char *name)
 {
     int ret = -1;

     if(!strncmp(name, "tcp:", 4)) {
         int port = atoi(name + 4);
         name = strchr(name + 4, ':');
         if(name == 0) {
             ret = socket_loopback_client(port, SOCK_STREAM);
             if (ret >= 0)
                 disable_tcp_nagle(ret);
         } else {
 #if ADB_HOST
             ret = socket_network_client(name + 1, port, SOCK_STREAM);
 #else
             return -1;
 #endif
         }
 #ifndef HAVE_WINSOCK   /* winsock doesn't implement unix domain sockets */
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "local:", 6)) {
         ret = socket_local_client(name + 6,
                 ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_RESERVED, SOCK_STREAM);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "localreserved:", 14)) {
         ret = socket_local_client(name + 14,
                 ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_RESERVED, SOCK_STREAM);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "localabstract:", 14)) {
         ret = socket_local_client(name + 14,
                 ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_ABSTRACT, SOCK_STREAM);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "localfilesystem:", 16)) {
         ret = socket_local_client(name + 16,
                 ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_FILESYSTEM, SOCK_STREAM);
 #endif
 #if !ADB_HOST
     } else if(!strncmp("dev:", name, 4)) {
         ret = unix_open(name + 4, O_RDWR);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "framebuffer:", 12)) {
         ret = create_service_thread(framebuffer_service, 0);
     } else if (!strncmp(name, "jdwp:", 5)) {
         ret = create_jdwp_connection_fd(atoi(name+5));
     } else if(!HOST && !strncmp(name, "shell:", 6)) {
         if(name[6]) {
             ret = create_subproc_thread(name + 6);
         } else {
             ret = create_subproc_thread(0);
         }
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "sync:", 5)) {
         ret = create_service_thread(file_sync_service, NULL);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "remount:", 8)) {
         ret = create_service_thread(remount_service, NULL);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "reboot:", 7)) {
         void* arg = strdup(name + 7);
         if(arg == 0) return -1;
         ret = create_service_thread(reboot_service, arg);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "root:", 5)) {
         ret = create_service_thread(restart_root_service, NULL);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "backup:", 7)) {
         char* arg = strdup(name+7);
         if (arg == NULL) return -1;
         ret = backup_service(BACKUP, arg);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "restore:", 8)) {
         ret = backup_service(RESTORE, NULL);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "tcpip:", 6)) {
         int port;
         if (sscanf(name + 6, "%d", &port) == 0) {
             port = 0;
         }
         ret = create_service_thread(restart_tcp_service, (void *) (uintptr_t) port);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "usb:", 4)) {
         ret = create_service_thread(restart_usb_service, NULL);
 #endif
     }
     if (ret >= 0) {
         close_on_exec(ret);
     }
     return ret;
 }

 #if ADB_HOST
 struct state_info {
     transport_type transport;
     char* serial;
     int state;
 };

 static void wait_for_state(int fd, void* cookie)
 {
     struct state_info* sinfo = cookie;
     char* err = "unknown error";

     D("wait_for_state %d\n", sinfo->state);

     atransport *t = acquire_one_transport(sinfo->state, sinfo->transport, sinfo->serial, &err);
     if(t != 0) {
         writex(fd, "OKAY", 4);
     } else {
         sendfailmsg(fd, err);
     }

     if (sinfo->serial)
         free(sinfo->serial);
     free(sinfo);
     adb_close(fd);
     D("wait_for_state is done\n");
 }

 static void connect_device(char* host, char* buffer, int buffer_size)
 {
     int port, fd;
     char* portstr = strchr(host, ':');
     char hostbuf[100];
     char serial[100];
     int ret;

     strncpy(hostbuf, host, sizeof(hostbuf) - 1);
     if (portstr) {
         if (portstr - host >= (ptrdiff_t)sizeof(hostbuf)) {
             snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "bad host name %s", host);
             return;
         }
         // zero terminate the host at the point we found the colon
         hostbuf[portstr - host] = 0;
         if (sscanf(portstr + 1, "%d", &port) == 0) {
             snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "bad port number %s", portstr);
             return;
         }
     } else {
         port = DEFAULT_ADB_LOCAL_TRANSPORT_PORT;
     }

     snprintf(serial, sizeof(serial), "%s:%d", hostbuf, port);

     fd = socket_network_client_timeout(hostbuf, port, SOCK_STREAM, 10);
     if (fd < 0) {
         snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "unable to connect to %s:%d", host, port);
         return;
     }

     D("client: connected on remote on fd %d\n", fd);
     close_on_exec(fd);
     disable_tcp_nagle(fd);

     ret = register_socket_transport(fd, serial, port, 0);
     if (ret < 0) {
         adb_close(fd);
         snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "already connected to %s", serial);
     } else {
         snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "connected to %s", serial);
     }
 }

 void connect_emulator(char* port_spec, char* buffer, int buffer_size)
 {
     char* port_separator = strchr(port_spec, ',');
     if (!port_separator) {
         snprintf(buffer, buffer_size,
                 "unable to parse '%s' as <console port>,<adb port>",
                 port_spec);
         return;
     }

     // Zero-terminate console port and make port_separator point to 2nd port.
     *port_separator++ = 0;
     int console_port = strtol(port_spec, NULL, 0);
     int adb_port = strtol(port_separator, NULL, 0);
     if (!(console_port > 0 && adb_port > 0)) {
         *(port_separator - 1) = ',';
         snprintf(buffer, buffer_size,
                 "Invalid port numbers: Expected positive numbers, got '%s'",
                 port_spec);
         return;
     }

     /* Check if the emulator is already known.
      * Note: There's a small but harmless race condition here: An emulator not
      * present just yet could be registered by another invocation right
      * after doing this check here. However, local_connect protects
      * against double-registration too. From here, a better error message
      * can be produced. In the case of the race condition, the very specific
      * error message won't be shown, but the data doesn't get corrupted. */
     atransport* known_emulator = find_emulator_transport_by_adb_port(adb_port);
     if (known_emulator != NULL) {
         snprintf(buffer, buffer_size,
                 "Emulator on port %d already registered.", adb_port);
         return;
     }

     /* Check if more emulators can be registered. Similar unproblematic
      * race condition as above. */
     int candidate_slot = get_available_local_transport_index();
     if (candidate_slot < 0) {
         snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "Cannot accept more emulators.");
         return;
     }

     /* Preconditions met, try to connect to the emulator. */
     if (!local_connect_arbitrary_ports(console_port, adb_port)) {
         snprintf(buffer, buffer_size,
                 "Connected to emulator on ports %d,%d", console_port, adb_port);
     } else {
         snprintf(buffer, buffer_size,
                 "Could not connect to emulator on ports %d,%d",
                 console_port, adb_port);
     }
 }

 static void connect_service(int fd, void* cookie)
 {
     char buf[4096];
     char resp[4096];
     char *host = cookie;

     if (!strncmp(host, "emu:", 4)) {
         connect_emulator(host + 4, buf, sizeof(buf));
     } else {
         connect_device(host, buf, sizeof(buf));
     }

     // Send response for emulator and device
     snprintf(resp, sizeof(resp), "%04x%s",(unsigned)strlen(buf), buf);
     writex(fd, resp, strlen(resp));
     adb_close(fd);
 }
 #endif

 #if ADB_HOST
 asocket*  host_service_to_socket(const char*  name, const char *serial)
 {
     if (!strcmp(name,"track-devices")) {
         return create_device_tracker();
     } else if (!strncmp(name, "wait-for-", strlen("wait-for-"))) {
         struct state_info* sinfo = malloc(sizeof(struct state_info));

         if (serial)
             sinfo->serial = strdup(serial);
         else
             sinfo->serial = NULL;

         name += strlen("wait-for-");

         if (!strncmp(name, "local", strlen("local"))) {
             sinfo->transport = kTransportLocal;
             sinfo->state = CS_DEVICE;
         } else if (!strncmp(name, "usb", strlen("usb"))) {
             sinfo->transport = kTransportUsb;
             sinfo->state = CS_DEVICE;
         } else if (!strncmp(name, "any", strlen("any"))) {
             sinfo->transport = kTransportAny;
             sinfo->state = CS_DEVICE;
         } else {
             free(sinfo);
             return NULL;
         }

         int fd = create_service_thread(wait_for_state, sinfo);
         return create_local_socket(fd);
     } else if (!strncmp(name, "connect:", 8)) {
         const char *host = name + 8;
         int fd = create_service_thread(connect_service, (void *)host);
         return create_local_socket(fd);
     }
     return NULL;
 }
 #endif /* ADB_HOST */
	/*
	* Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
	*
	* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
	* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
	* You may obtain a copy of the License at
	*
	* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
	*
	* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
	* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
	* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
	* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
	* limitations under the License.
	*/

	#include <stddef.h>
	#include <stdlib.h>
	#include <stdio.h>
	#include <unistd.h>
	#include <string.h>
	#include <errno.h>

	#include "sysdeps.h"

	#define TRACE_TAG TRACE_SERVICES
	#include "adb.h"
	#include "file_sync_service.h"

	#if ADB_HOST
	# ifndef HAVE_WINSOCK
	# include <netinet/in.h>
	# include <netdb.h>
	# include <sys/ioctl.h>
	# endif
	#else
	# include <cutils/android_reboot.h>
	# include <cutils/properties.h>
	#endif

	typedef struct stinfo stinfo;

	struct stinfo {
	void (func)(int fd, void cookie);
	int fd;
	void *cookie;
	};


	void service_bootstrap_func(void x)
	{
	stinfo *sti = x;
	sti->func(sti->fd, sti->cookie);
	free(sti);
	return 0;
	}

	#if !ADB_HOST

	void restart_root_service(int fd, void *cookie)
	{
	char buf[100];
	char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];

	if (getuid() == 0) {
	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "adbd is already running as root\n");
	writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
	adb_close(fd);
	} else {
	property_get("ro.debuggable", value, "");
	if (strcmp(value, "1") != 0) {
	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "adbd cannot run as root in production builds\n");
	writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
	adb_close(fd);
	return;
	}

	property_set("service.adb.root", "1");
	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "restarting adbd as root\n");
	writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
	adb_close(fd);
	}
	}

	void restart_tcp_service(int fd, void *cookie)
	{
	char buf[100];
	char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
	int port = (int) (uintptr_t) cookie;

	if (port <= 0) {
	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "invalid port\n");
	writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
	adb_close(fd);
	return;
	}

	snprintf(value, sizeof(value), "%d", port);
	property_set("service.adb.tcp.port", value);
	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "restarting in TCP mode port: %d\n", port);
	writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
	adb_close(fd);
	}

	void restart_usb_service(int fd, void *cookie)
	{
	char buf[100];

	property_set("service.adb.tcp.port", "0");
	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "restarting in USB mode\n");
	writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
	adb_close(fd);
	}

	void reboot_service(int fd, void *arg)
	{
	char buf[100];
	char property_val[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
	int pid, ret;

	sync();

	/* Attempt to unmount the SD card first.
	* No need to bother checking for errors.
	*/
	pid = fork();
	if (pid == 0) {
	/* ask vdc to unmount it */
	execl("/system/bin/vdc", "/system/bin/vdc", "volume", "unmount",
	getenv("EXTERNAL_STORAGE"), "force", NULL);
	} else if (pid > 0) {
	/* wait until vdc succeeds or fails */
	waitpid(pid, &ret, 0);
	}

	ret = snprintf(property_val, sizeof(property_val), "reboot,%s", (char *) arg);
	if (ret >= (int) sizeof(property_val)) {
	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reboot string too long. length=%d\n", ret);
	writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
	goto cleanup;
	}

	ret = property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, property_val);
	if (ret < 0) {
	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "reboot failed: %d\n", ret);
	writex(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
	goto cleanup;
	}
	// Don't return early. Give the reboot command time to take effect
	// to avoid messing up scripts which do "adb reboot && adb wait-for-device"
	while(1) { pause(); }
	cleanup:
	free(arg);
	adb_close(fd);
	}

	#endif

	static int create_service_thread(void (func)(int, void ), void *cookie)
	{
	stinfo *sti;
	adb_thread_t t;
	int s[2];

	if(adb_socketpair(s)) {
	printf("cannot create service socket pair\n");
	return -1;
	}

	sti = malloc(sizeof(stinfo));
	if(sti == 0) fatal("cannot allocate stinfo");
	sti->func = func;
	sti->cookie = cookie;
	sti->fd = s[1];

	if(adb_thread_create( &t, service_bootstrap_func, sti)){
	free(sti);
	adb_close(s[0]);
	adb_close(s[1]);
	printf("cannot create service thread\n");
	return -1;
	}

	D("service thread started, %d:%d\n",s[0], s[1]);
	return s[0];
	}

	#if !ADB_HOST
	static int create_subprocess(const char cmd, const char arg0, const char arg1, pid_t pid)
	{
	#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_PROC
	D("create_subprocess(cmd=%s, arg0=%s, arg1=%s)\n", cmd, arg0, arg1);
	fprintf(stderr, "error: create_subprocess not implemented on Win32 (%s %s %s)\n", cmd, arg0, arg1);
	return -1;
	#else /* !HAVE_WIN32_PROC */
	char *devname;
	int ptm;

	ptm = unix_open("/dev/ptmx", O_RDWR); // \| O_NOCTTY);
	if(ptm < 0){
	printf("[ cannot open /dev/ptmx - %s ]\n",strerror(errno));
	return -1;
	}
	fcntl(ptm, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);

	if(grantpt(ptm) \|\| unlockpt(ptm) \|\|
	((devname = (char*) ptsname(ptm)) == 0)){
	printf("[ trouble with /dev/ptmx - %s ]\n", strerror(errno));
	adb_close(ptm);
	return -1;
	}

	*pid = fork();
	if(*pid < 0) {
	printf("- fork failed: %s -\n", strerror(errno));
	adb_close(ptm);
	return -1;
	}

	if(*pid == 0){
	int pts;

	setsid();

	pts = unix_open(devname, O_RDWR);
	if(pts < 0) {
	fprintf(stderr, "child failed to open pseudo-term slave: %s\n", devname);
	exit(-1);
	}

	dup2(pts, 0);
	dup2(pts, 1);
	dup2(pts, 2);

	adb_close(pts);
	adb_close(ptm);

	// set OOM adjustment to zero
	char text[64];
	snprintf(text, sizeof text, "/proc/%d/oom_adj", getpid());
	int fd = adb_open(text, O_WRONLY);
	if (fd >= 0) {
	adb_write(fd, "0", 1);
	adb_close(fd);
	} else {
	D("adb: unable to open %s\n", text);
	}
	execl(cmd, cmd, arg0, arg1, NULL);
	fprintf(stderr, "- exec '%s' failed: %s (%d) -\n",
	cmd, strerror(errno), errno);
	exit(-1);
	} else {
	// Don't set child's OOM adjustment to zero.
	// Let the child do it itself, as sometimes the parent starts
	// running before the child has a /proc/pid/oom_adj.
	// """adb: unable to open /proc/644/oom_adj""" seen in some logs.
	return ptm;
	}
	#endif /* !HAVE_WIN32_PROC */
	}
	#endif /* !ABD_HOST */

	#if ADB_HOST
	#define SHELL_COMMAND "/bin/sh"
	#else
	#define SHELL_COMMAND "/system/bin/sh"
	#endif

	#if !ADB_HOST
	static void subproc_waiter_service(int fd, void *cookie)
	{
	pid_t pid = (pid_t) (uintptr_t) cookie;

	D("entered. fd=%d of pid=%d\n", fd, pid);
	for (;;) {
	int status;
	pid_t p = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
	if (p == pid) {
	D("fd=%d, post waitpid(pid=%d) status=%04x\n", fd, p, status);
	if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
	D("*** Killed by signal %d\n", WTERMSIG(status));
	break;
	} else if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
	D("*** Didn't exit!!. status %d\n", status);
	break;
	} else if (WEXITSTATUS(status) >= 0) {
	D("*** Exit code %d\n", WEXITSTATUS(status));
	break;
	}
	}
	}
	D("shell exited fd=%d of pid=%d err=%d\n", fd, pid, errno);
	if (SHELL_EXIT_NOTIFY_FD >=0) {
	int res;
	res = writex(SHELL_EXIT_NOTIFY_FD, &fd, sizeof(fd));
	D("notified shell exit via fd=%d for pid=%d res=%d errno=%d\n",
	SHELL_EXIT_NOTIFY_FD, pid, res, errno);
	}
	}

	static int create_subproc_thread(const char *name)
	{
	stinfo *sti;
	adb_thread_t t;
	int ret_fd;
	pid_t pid;
	if(name) {
	ret_fd = create_subprocess(SHELL_COMMAND, "-c", name, &pid);
	} else {
	ret_fd = create_subprocess(SHELL_COMMAND, "-", 0, &pid);
	}
	D("create_subprocess() ret_fd=%d pid=%d\n", ret_fd, pid);

	sti = malloc(sizeof(stinfo));
	if(sti == 0) fatal("cannot allocate stinfo");
	sti->func = subproc_waiter_service;
	sti->cookie = (void*) (uintptr_t) pid;
	sti->fd = ret_fd;

	if(adb_thread_create( &t, service_bootstrap_func, sti)){
	free(sti);
	adb_close(ret_fd);
	printf("cannot create service thread\n");
	return -1;
	}

	D("service thread started, fd=%d pid=%d\n",ret_fd, pid);
	return ret_fd;
	}
	#endif

	int service_to_fd(const char *name)
	{
	int ret = -1;

	if(!strncmp(name, "tcp:", 4)) {
	int port = atoi(name + 4);
	name = strchr(name + 4, ':');
	if(name == 0) {
	ret = socket_loopback_client(port, SOCK_STREAM);
	if (ret >= 0)
	disable_tcp_nagle(ret);
	} else {
	#if ADB_HOST
	ret = socket_network_client(name + 1, port, SOCK_STREAM);
	#else
	return -1;
	#endif
	}
	#ifndef HAVE_WINSOCK /* winsock doesn't implement unix domain sockets */
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "local:", 6)) {
	ret = socket_local_client(name + 6,
	ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_RESERVED, SOCK_STREAM);
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "localreserved:", 14)) {
	ret = socket_local_client(name + 14,
	ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_RESERVED, SOCK_STREAM);
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "localabstract:", 14)) {
	ret = socket_local_client(name + 14,
	ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_ABSTRACT, SOCK_STREAM);
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "localfilesystem:", 16)) {
	ret = socket_local_client(name + 16,
	ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_FILESYSTEM, SOCK_STREAM);
	#endif
	#if !ADB_HOST
	} else if(!strncmp("dev:", name, 4)) {
	ret = unix_open(name + 4, O_RDWR);
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "framebuffer:", 12)) {
	ret = create_service_thread(framebuffer_service, 0);
	} else if (!strncmp(name, "jdwp:", 5)) {
	ret = create_jdwp_connection_fd(atoi(name+5));
	} else if(!HOST && !strncmp(name, "shell:", 6)) {
	if(name[6]) {
	ret = create_subproc_thread(name + 6);
	} else {
	ret = create_subproc_thread(0);
	}
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "sync:", 5)) {
	ret = create_service_thread(file_sync_service, NULL);
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "remount:", 8)) {
	ret = create_service_thread(remount_service, NULL);
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "reboot:", 7)) {
	void* arg = strdup(name + 7);
	if(arg == 0) return -1;
	ret = create_service_thread(reboot_service, arg);
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "root:", 5)) {
	ret = create_service_thread(restart_root_service, NULL);
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "backup:", 7)) {
	char* arg = strdup(name+7);
	if (arg == NULL) return -1;
	ret = backup_service(BACKUP, arg);
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "restore:", 8)) {
	ret = backup_service(RESTORE, NULL);
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "tcpip:", 6)) {
	int port;
	if (sscanf(name + 6, "%d", &port) == 0) {
	port = 0;
	}
	ret = create_service_thread(restart_tcp_service, (void *) (uintptr_t) port);
	} else if(!strncmp(name, "usb:", 4)) {
	ret = create_service_thread(restart_usb_service, NULL);
	#endif
	}
	if (ret >= 0) {
	close_on_exec(ret);
	}
	return ret;
	}

	#if ADB_HOST
	struct state_info {
	transport_type transport;
	char* serial;
	int state;
	};

	static void wait_for_state(int fd, void* cookie)
	{
	struct state_info* sinfo = cookie;
	char* err = "unknown error";

	D("wait_for_state %d\n", sinfo->state);

	atransport *t = acquire_one_transport(sinfo->state, sinfo->transport, sinfo->serial, &err);
	if(t != 0) {
	writex(fd, "OKAY", 4);
	} else {
	sendfailmsg(fd, err);
	}

	if (sinfo->serial)
	free(sinfo->serial);
	free(sinfo);
	adb_close(fd);
	D("wait_for_state is done\n");
	}

	static void connect_device(char* host, char* buffer, int buffer_size)
	{
	int port, fd;
	char* portstr = strchr(host, ':');
	char hostbuf[100];
	char serial[100];
	int ret;

	strncpy(hostbuf, host, sizeof(hostbuf) - 1);
	if (portstr) {
	if (portstr - host >= (ptrdiff_t)sizeof(hostbuf)) {
	snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "bad host name %s", host);
	return;
	}
	// zero terminate the host at the point we found the colon
	hostbuf[portstr - host] = 0;
	if (sscanf(portstr + 1, "%d", &port) == 0) {
	snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "bad port number %s", portstr);
	return;
	}
	} else {
	port = DEFAULT_ADB_LOCAL_TRANSPORT_PORT;
	}

	snprintf(serial, sizeof(serial), "%s:%d", hostbuf, port);

	fd = socket_network_client_timeout(hostbuf, port, SOCK_STREAM, 10);
	if (fd < 0) {
	snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "unable to connect to %s:%d", host, port);
	return;
	}

	D("client: connected on remote on fd %d\n", fd);
	close_on_exec(fd);
	disable_tcp_nagle(fd);

	ret = register_socket_transport(fd, serial, port, 0);
	if (ret < 0) {
	adb_close(fd);
	snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "already connected to %s", serial);
	} else {
	snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "connected to %s", serial);
	}
	}

	void connect_emulator(char* port_spec, char* buffer, int buffer_size)
	{
	char* port_separator = strchr(port_spec, ',');
	if (!port_separator) {
	snprintf(buffer, buffer_size,
	"unable to parse '%s' as <console port>,<adb port>",
	port_spec);
	return;
	}

	// Zero-terminate console port and make port_separator point to 2nd port.
	*port_separator++ = 0;
	int console_port = strtol(port_spec, NULL, 0);
	int adb_port = strtol(port_separator, NULL, 0);
	if (!(console_port > 0 && adb_port > 0)) {
	*(port_separator - 1) = ',';
	snprintf(buffer, buffer_size,
	"Invalid port numbers: Expected positive numbers, got '%s'",
	port_spec);
	return;
	}

	/* Check if the emulator is already known.
	* Note: There's a small but harmless race condition here: An emulator not
	* present just yet could be registered by another invocation right
	* after doing this check here. However, local_connect protects
	* against double-registration too. From here, a better error message
	* can be produced. In the case of the race condition, the very specific
	* error message won't be shown, but the data doesn't get corrupted. */
	atransport* known_emulator = find_emulator_transport_by_adb_port(adb_port);
	if (known_emulator != NULL) {
	snprintf(buffer, buffer_size,
	"Emulator on port %d already registered.", adb_port);
	return;
	}

	/* Check if more emulators can be registered. Similar unproblematic
	* race condition as above. */
	int candidate_slot = get_available_local_transport_index();
	if (candidate_slot < 0) {
	snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "Cannot accept more emulators.");
	return;
	}

	/* Preconditions met, try to connect to the emulator. */
	if (!local_connect_arbitrary_ports(console_port, adb_port)) {
	snprintf(buffer, buffer_size,
	"Connected to emulator on ports %d,%d", console_port, adb_port);
	} else {
	snprintf(buffer, buffer_size,
	"Could not connect to emulator on ports %d,%d",
	console_port, adb_port);
	}
	}

	static void connect_service(int fd, void* cookie)
	{
	char buf[4096];
	char resp[4096];
	char *host = cookie;

	if (!strncmp(host, "emu:", 4)) {
	connect_emulator(host + 4, buf, sizeof(buf));
	} else {
	connect_device(host, buf, sizeof(buf));
	}

	// Send response for emulator and device
	snprintf(resp, sizeof(resp), "%04x%s",(unsigned)strlen(buf), buf);
	writex(fd, resp, strlen(resp));
	adb_close(fd);
	}
	#endif

	#if ADB_HOST
	asocket* host_service_to_socket(const char* name, const char *serial)
	{
	if (!strcmp(name,"track-devices")) {
	return create_device_tracker();
	} else if (!strncmp(name, "wait-for-", strlen("wait-for-"))) {
	struct state_info* sinfo = malloc(sizeof(struct state_info));

	if (serial)
	sinfo->serial = strdup(serial);
	else
	sinfo->serial = NULL;

	name += strlen("wait-for-");

	if (!strncmp(name, "local", strlen("local"))) {
	sinfo->transport = kTransportLocal;
	sinfo->state = CS_DEVICE;
	} else if (!strncmp(name, "usb", strlen("usb"))) {
	sinfo->transport = kTransportUsb;
	sinfo->state = CS_DEVICE;
	} else if (!strncmp(name, "any", strlen("any"))) {
	sinfo->transport = kTransportAny;
	sinfo->state = CS_DEVICE;
	} else {
	free(sinfo);
	return NULL;
	}

	int fd = create_service_thread(wait_for_state, sinfo);
	return create_local_socket(fd);
	} else if (!strncmp(name, "connect:", 8)) {
	const char *host = name + 8;
	int fd = create_service_thread(connect_service, (void *)host);
	return create_local_socket(fd);
	}
	return NULL;
	}
	#endif /* ADB_HOST */