lld/COFF/PDB.cpp

//===- PDB.cpp ------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
//                             The LLVM Linker
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "PDB.h"
#include "Chunks.h"
#include "Config.h"
#include "Error.h"
#include "SymbolTable.h"
#include "Symbols.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/CVDebugRecord.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/CVTypeVisitor.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/DebugSubsectionRecord.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/DebugSubsectionVisitor.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/LazyRandomTypeCollection.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/SymbolSerializer.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/TypeDumpVisitor.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/TypeIndexDiscovery.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/TypeStreamMerger.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/TypeTableBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/MSF/MSFBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/MSF/MSFCommon.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/DbiModuleDescriptorBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/DbiStream.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/DbiStreamBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/InfoStream.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/InfoStreamBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/PDBFile.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/PDBFileBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/PDBStringTableBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/PDBTypeServerHandler.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/TpiStream.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/TpiStreamBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/Object/COFF.h"
#include "llvm/Support/BinaryByteStream.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Endian.h"
#include "llvm/Support/FileOutputBuffer.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Path.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ScopedPrinter.h"
#include <memory>

using namespace lld;
using namespace lld::coff;
using namespace llvm;
using namespace llvm::codeview;

using llvm::object::coff_section;

static ExitOnError ExitOnErr;

// Returns a list of all SectionChunks.
static void addSectionContribs(SymbolTable *Symtab, pdb::DbiStreamBuilder &DbiBuilder) {
  for (Chunk *C : Symtab->getChunks())
    if (auto *SC = dyn_cast<SectionChunk>(C))
      DbiBuilder.addSectionContrib(SC->File->ModuleDBI, SC->Header);
}

static SectionChunk *findByName(std::vector<SectionChunk *> &Sections,
                                StringRef Name) {
  for (SectionChunk *C : Sections)
    if (C->getSectionName() == Name)
      return C;
  return nullptr;
}

static ArrayRef<uint8_t> consumeDebugMagic(ArrayRef<uint8_t> Data,
                                           StringRef SecName) {
  // First 4 bytes are section magic.
  if (Data.size() < 4)
    fatal(SecName + " too short");
  if (support::endian::read32le(Data.data()) != COFF::DEBUG_SECTION_MAGIC)
    fatal(SecName + " has an invalid magic");
  return Data.slice(4);
}

static ArrayRef<uint8_t> getDebugSection(ObjectFile *File, StringRef SecName) {
  if (SectionChunk *Sec = findByName(File->getDebugChunks(), SecName))
    return consumeDebugMagic(Sec->getContents(), SecName);
  return {};
}

static void addTypeInfo(pdb::TpiStreamBuilder &TpiBuilder,
                        TypeTableBuilder &TypeTable) {
  // Start the TPI or IPI stream header.
  TpiBuilder.setVersionHeader(pdb::PdbTpiV80);

  // Flatten the in memory type table.
  TypeTable.ForEachRecord([&](TypeIndex TI, ArrayRef<uint8_t> Rec) {
    // FIXME: Hash types.
    TpiBuilder.addTypeRecord(Rec, None);
  });
}

static void mergeDebugT(ObjectFile *File,
                        TypeTableBuilder &IDTable,
                        TypeTableBuilder &TypeTable,
                        SmallVectorImpl<TypeIndex> &TypeIndexMap,
                        pdb::PDBTypeServerHandler &Handler) {
  ArrayRef<uint8_t> Data = getDebugSection(File, ".debug$T");
  if (Data.empty())
    return;

  BinaryByteStream Stream(Data, support::little);
  CVTypeArray Types;
  BinaryStreamReader Reader(Stream);
  Handler.addSearchPath(sys::path::parent_path(File->getName()));
  if (auto EC = Reader.readArray(Types, Reader.getLength()))
    fatal(EC, "Reader::readArray failed");
  if (auto Err = mergeTypeAndIdRecords(IDTable, TypeTable,
                                                 TypeIndexMap, &Handler, Types))
    fatal(Err, "codeview::mergeTypeStreams failed");
}

static bool remapTypeIndex(TypeIndex &TI, ArrayRef<TypeIndex> TypeIndexMap) {
  if (TI.isSimple())
    return true;
  if (TI.toArrayIndex() >= TypeIndexMap.size())
    return false;
  TI = TypeIndexMap[TI.toArrayIndex()];
  return true;
}

static bool remapTypesInSymbolRecord(ObjectFile *File,
                                     MutableArrayRef<uint8_t> Contents,
                                     ArrayRef<TypeIndex> TypeIndexMap,
                                     ArrayRef<TiReference> TypeRefs) {
  for (const TiReference &Ref : TypeRefs) {
    unsigned ByteSize = Ref.Count * sizeof(TypeIndex);
    if (Contents.size() < Ref.Offset + ByteSize) {
      log("ignoring short symbol record");
      return false;
    }
    MutableArrayRef<TypeIndex> TIs(
        reinterpret_cast<TypeIndex *>(Contents.data() + Ref.Offset), Ref.Count);
    for (TypeIndex &TI : TIs)
      if (!remapTypeIndex(TI, TypeIndexMap)) {
        log("ignoring symbol record in " + File->getName() +
            " with bad type index 0x" + utohexstr(TI.getIndex()));
        return false;
      }
  }
  return true;
}

/// MSVC translates S_PROC_ID_END to S_END.
uint16_t canonicalizeSymbolKind(SymbolKind Kind) {
  if (Kind == SymbolKind::S_PROC_ID_END)
    return SymbolKind::S_END;
  return Kind;
}

/// Copy the symbol record. In a PDB, symbol records must be 4 byte aligned.
/// The object file may not be aligned.
static MutableArrayRef<uint8_t> copySymbolForPdb(const CVSymbol &Sym,
                                                 BumpPtrAllocator &Alloc) {
  size_t Size = alignTo(Sym.length(), alignOf(CodeViewContainer::Pdb));
  assert(Size >= 4 && "record too short");
  assert(Size <= MaxRecordLength && "record too long");
  void *Mem = Alloc.Allocate(Size, 4);

  // Copy the symbol record and zero out any padding bytes.
  MutableArrayRef<uint8_t> NewData(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(Mem), Size);
  memcpy(NewData.data(), Sym.data().data(), Sym.length());
  memset(NewData.data() + Sym.length(), 0, Size - Sym.length());

  // Update the record prefix length. It should point to the beginning of the
  // next record. MSVC does some canonicalization of the record kind, so we do
  // that as well.
  auto *Prefix = reinterpret_cast<RecordPrefix *>(Mem);
  Prefix->RecordKind = canonicalizeSymbolKind(Sym.kind());
  Prefix->RecordLen = Size - 2;
  return NewData;
}

/// Return true if this symbol opens a scope. This implies that the symbol has
/// "parent" and "end" fields, which contain the offset of the S_END or
/// S_INLINESITE_END record.
static bool symbolOpensScope(SymbolKind Kind) {
  switch (Kind) {
  case SymbolKind::S_GPROC32:
  case SymbolKind::S_LPROC32:
  case SymbolKind::S_LPROC32_ID:
  case SymbolKind::S_GPROC32_ID:
  case SymbolKind::S_BLOCK32:
  case SymbolKind::S_SEPCODE:
  case SymbolKind::S_THUNK32:
  case SymbolKind::S_INLINESITE:
  case SymbolKind::S_INLINESITE2:
    return true;
  default:
    break;
  }
  return false;
}

static bool symbolEndsScope(SymbolKind Kind) {
  switch (Kind) {
  case SymbolKind::S_END:
  case SymbolKind::S_PROC_ID_END:
  case SymbolKind::S_INLINESITE_END:
    return true;
  default:
    break;
  }
  return false;
}

struct ScopeRecord {
  ulittle32_t PtrParent;
  ulittle32_t PtrEnd;
};

struct SymbolScope {
  ScopeRecord *OpeningRecord;
  uint32_t ScopeOffset;
};

static void scopeStackOpen(SmallVectorImpl<SymbolScope> &Stack,
                           uint32_t CurOffset, CVSymbol &Sym) {
  assert(symbolOpensScope(Sym.kind()));
  SymbolScope S;
  S.ScopeOffset = CurOffset;
  S.OpeningRecord = const_cast<ScopeRecord *>(
      reinterpret_cast<const ScopeRecord *>(Sym.content().data()));
  S.OpeningRecord->PtrParent = Stack.empty() ? 0 : Stack.back().ScopeOffset;
  Stack.push_back(S);
}

static void scopeStackClose(SmallVectorImpl<SymbolScope> &Stack,
                            uint32_t CurOffset, ObjectFile *File) {
  if (Stack.empty()) {
    warn("symbol scopes are not balanced in " + File->getName());
    return;
  }
  SymbolScope S = Stack.pop_back_val();
  S.OpeningRecord->PtrEnd = CurOffset;
}

static void mergeSymbolRecords(BumpPtrAllocator &Alloc, ObjectFile *File,
                               ArrayRef<TypeIndex> TypeIndexMap,
                               BinaryStreamRef SymData) {
  // FIXME: Improve error recovery by warning and skipping records when
  // possible.
  CVSymbolArray Syms;
  BinaryStreamReader Reader(SymData);
  ExitOnErr(Reader.readArray(Syms, Reader.getLength()));
  SmallVector<SymbolScope, 4> Scopes;
  for (const CVSymbol &Sym : Syms) {
    // Discover type index references in the record. Skip it if we don't know
    // where they are.
    SmallVector<TiReference, 32> TypeRefs;
    if (!discoverTypeIndices(Sym, TypeRefs)) {
      log("ignoring unknown symbol record with kind 0x" + utohexstr(Sym.kind()));
      continue;
    }

    // Copy the symbol record so we can mutate it.
    MutableArrayRef<uint8_t> NewData = copySymbolForPdb(Sym, Alloc);

    // Re-map all the type index references.
    MutableArrayRef<uint8_t> Contents =
        NewData.drop_front(sizeof(RecordPrefix));
    if (!remapTypesInSymbolRecord(File, Contents, TypeIndexMap, TypeRefs))
      continue;

    // Fill in "Parent" and "End" fields by maintaining a stack of scopes.
    CVSymbol NewSym(Sym.kind(), NewData);
    if (symbolOpensScope(Sym.kind()))
      scopeStackOpen(Scopes, File->ModuleDBI->getNextSymbolOffset(), NewSym);
    else if (symbolEndsScope(Sym.kind()))
      scopeStackClose(Scopes, File->ModuleDBI->getNextSymbolOffset(), File);

    // Add the symbol to the module.
    File->ModuleDBI->addSymbol(NewSym);
  }
}

// Allocate memory for a .debug$S section and relocate it.
static ArrayRef<uint8_t> relocateDebugChunk(BumpPtrAllocator &Alloc,
                                            SectionChunk *DebugChunk) {
  uint8_t *Buffer = Alloc.Allocate<uint8_t>(DebugChunk->getSize());
  assert(DebugChunk->OutputSectionOff == 0 &&
         "debug sections should not be in output sections");
  DebugChunk->writeTo(Buffer);
  return consumeDebugMagic(makeArrayRef(Buffer, DebugChunk->getSize()),
                           ".debug$S");
}

// Add all object files to the PDB. Merge .debug$T sections into IpiData and
// TpiData.
static void addObjectsToPDB(BumpPtrAllocator &Alloc, SymbolTable *Symtab,
                            pdb::PDBFileBuilder &Builder,
                            TypeTableBuilder &TypeTable,
                            TypeTableBuilder &IDTable) {
  // Follow type servers.  If the same type server is encountered more than
  // once for this instance of `PDBTypeServerHandler` (for example if many
  // object files reference the same TypeServer), the types from the
  // TypeServer will only be visited once.
  pdb::PDBTypeServerHandler Handler;

  // PDBs use a single global string table for filenames in the file checksum
  // table.
  auto PDBStrTab = std::make_shared<DebugStringTableSubsection>();

  // Visit all .debug$T sections to add them to Builder.
  for (ObjectFile *File : Symtab->ObjectFiles) {
    // Add a module descriptor for every object file. We need to put an absolute
    // path to the object into the PDB. If this is a plain object, we make its
    // path absolute. If it's an object in an archive, we make the archive path
    // absolute.
    bool InArchive = !File->ParentName.empty();
    SmallString<128> Path = InArchive ? File->ParentName : File->getName();
    sys::fs::make_absolute(Path);
    sys::path::native(Path, llvm::sys::path::Style::windows);
    StringRef Name = InArchive ? File->getName() : StringRef(Path);

    File->ModuleDBI = &ExitOnErr(Builder.getDbiBuilder().addModuleInfo(Name));
    File->ModuleDBI->setObjFileName(Path);

    // Before we can process symbol substreams from .debug$S, we need to process
    // type information, file checksums, and the string table.  Add type info to
    // the PDB first, so that we can get the map from object file type and item
    // indices to PDB type and item indices.
    SmallVector<TypeIndex, 128> TypeIndexMap;
    mergeDebugT(File, IDTable, TypeTable, TypeIndexMap, Handler);

    // Now do all line info.
    for (SectionChunk *DebugChunk : File->getDebugChunks()) {
      if (!DebugChunk->isLive() || DebugChunk->getSectionName() != ".debug$S")
        continue;

      ArrayRef<uint8_t> RelocatedDebugContents =
          relocateDebugChunk(Alloc, DebugChunk);
      if (RelocatedDebugContents.empty())
        continue;

      DebugSubsectionArray Subsections;
      BinaryStreamReader Reader(RelocatedDebugContents, support::little);
      ExitOnErr(Reader.readArray(Subsections, RelocatedDebugContents.size()));

      DebugStringTableSubsectionRef CVStrTab;
      DebugChecksumsSubsectionRef Checksums;
      for (const DebugSubsectionRecord &SS : Subsections) {
        switch (SS.kind()) {
        case DebugSubsectionKind::StringTable:
          ExitOnErr(CVStrTab.initialize(SS.getRecordData()));
          break;
        case DebugSubsectionKind::FileChecksums:
          ExitOnErr(Checksums.initialize(SS.getRecordData()));
          break;
        case DebugSubsectionKind::Lines:
          // We can add the relocated line table directly to the PDB without
          // modification because the file checksum offsets will stay the same.
          File->ModuleDBI->addDebugSubsection(SS);
          break;
        case DebugSubsectionKind::Symbols:
          mergeSymbolRecords(Alloc, File, TypeIndexMap, SS.getRecordData());
          break;
        default:
          // FIXME: Process the rest of the subsections.
          break;
        }
      }

      if (Checksums.valid()) {
        // Make a new file checksum table that refers to offsets in the PDB-wide
        // string table. Generally the string table subsection appears after the
        // checksum table, so we have to do this after looping over all the
        // subsections.
        if (!CVStrTab.valid())
          fatal(".debug$S sections must have both a string table subsection "
                "and a checksum subsection table or neither");
        auto NewChecksums =
            make_unique<DebugChecksumsSubsection>(*PDBStrTab);
        for (FileChecksumEntry &FC : Checksums) {
          StringRef FileName = ExitOnErr(CVStrTab.getString(FC.FileNameOffset));
          ExitOnErr(Builder.getDbiBuilder().addModuleSourceFile(
              *File->ModuleDBI, FileName));
          NewChecksums->addChecksum(FileName, FC.Kind, FC.Checksum);
        }
        File->ModuleDBI->addDebugSubsection(std::move(NewChecksums));
      }
    }
  }

  Builder.getStringTableBuilder().setStrings(*PDBStrTab);

  // Construct TPI stream contents.
  addTypeInfo(Builder.getTpiBuilder(), TypeTable);

  // Construct IPI stream contents.
  addTypeInfo(Builder.getIpiBuilder(), IDTable);
}

static void addLinkerModuleSymbols(StringRef Path,
                                   pdb::DbiModuleDescriptorBuilder &Mod,
                                   BumpPtrAllocator &Allocator) {
  codeview::SymbolSerializer Serializer(Allocator, CodeViewContainer::Pdb);
  codeview::ObjNameSym ONS(SymbolRecordKind::ObjNameSym);
  codeview::Compile3Sym CS(SymbolRecordKind::Compile3Sym);
  codeview::EnvBlockSym EBS(SymbolRecordKind::EnvBlockSym);

  ONS.Name = "* Linker *";
  ONS.Signature = 0;

  CS.Machine = Config->is64() ? CPUType::X64 : CPUType::Intel80386;
  CS.Flags = CompileSym3Flags::None;
  CS.VersionBackendBuild = 0;
  CS.VersionBackendMajor = 0;
  CS.VersionBackendMinor = 0;
  CS.VersionBackendQFE = 0;
  CS.VersionFrontendBuild = 0;
  CS.VersionFrontendMajor = 0;
  CS.VersionFrontendMinor = 0;
  CS.VersionFrontendQFE = 0;
  CS.Version = "LLVM Linker";
  CS.setLanguage(SourceLanguage::Link);

  ArrayRef<StringRef> Args = makeArrayRef(Config->Argv).drop_front();
  std::string ArgStr = llvm::join(Args, " ");
  EBS.Fields.push_back("cwd");
  SmallString<64> cwd;
  llvm::sys::fs::current_path(cwd);
  EBS.Fields.push_back(cwd);
  EBS.Fields.push_back("exe");
  std::string Exe =
      llvm::sys::fs::getMainExecutable(Config->Argv[0].data(), nullptr);
  EBS.Fields.push_back(Exe);
  EBS.Fields.push_back("pdb");
  EBS.Fields.push_back(Path);
  EBS.Fields.push_back("cmd");
  EBS.Fields.push_back(ArgStr);
  Mod.addSymbol(codeview::SymbolSerializer::writeOneSymbol(
      ONS, Allocator, CodeViewContainer::Pdb));
  Mod.addSymbol(codeview::SymbolSerializer::writeOneSymbol(
      CS, Allocator, CodeViewContainer::Pdb));
  Mod.addSymbol(codeview::SymbolSerializer::writeOneSymbol(
      EBS, Allocator, CodeViewContainer::Pdb));
}

// Creates a PDB file.
void coff::createPDB(SymbolTable *Symtab, ArrayRef<uint8_t> SectionTable,
                     const llvm::codeview::DebugInfo *DI) {
  BumpPtrAllocator Alloc;
  pdb::PDBFileBuilder Builder(Alloc);
  ExitOnErr(Builder.initialize(4096)); // 4096 is blocksize

  // Create streams in MSF for predefined streams, namely
  // PDB, TPI, DBI and IPI.
  for (int I = 0; I < (int)pdb::kSpecialStreamCount; ++I)
    ExitOnErr(Builder.getMsfBuilder().addStream(0));

  // Add an Info stream.
  auto &InfoBuilder = Builder.getInfoBuilder();
  InfoBuilder.setAge(DI ? DI->PDB70.Age : 0);

  llvm::SmallString<128> NativePath(Config->PDBPath.begin(),
                                    Config->PDBPath.end());
  llvm::sys::fs::make_absolute(NativePath);
  llvm::sys::path::native(NativePath, llvm::sys::path::Style::windows);

  pdb::PDB_UniqueId uuid{};
  if (DI)
    memcpy(&uuid, &DI->PDB70.Signature, sizeof(uuid));
  InfoBuilder.setGuid(uuid);
  InfoBuilder.setSignature(time(nullptr));
  InfoBuilder.setVersion(pdb::PdbRaw_ImplVer::PdbImplVC70);

  // Add an empty DBI stream.
  pdb::DbiStreamBuilder &DbiBuilder = Builder.getDbiBuilder();
  DbiBuilder.setVersionHeader(pdb::PdbDbiV70);
  ExitOnErr(DbiBuilder.addDbgStream(pdb::DbgHeaderType::NewFPO, {}));

  // It's not entirely clear what this is, but the * Linker * module uses it.
  uint32_t PdbFilePathNI = DbiBuilder.addECName(NativePath);

  TypeTableBuilder TypeTable(BAlloc);
  TypeTableBuilder IDTable(BAlloc);
  addObjectsToPDB(Alloc, Symtab, Builder, TypeTable, IDTable);

  // Add Section Contributions.
  addSectionContribs(Symtab, DbiBuilder);

  // Add Section Map stream.
  ArrayRef<object::coff_section> Sections = {
      (const object::coff_section *)SectionTable.data(),
      SectionTable.size() / sizeof(object::coff_section)};
  std::vector<pdb::SecMapEntry> SectionMap =
      pdb::DbiStreamBuilder::createSectionMap(Sections);
  DbiBuilder.setSectionMap(SectionMap);

  auto &LinkerModule = ExitOnErr(DbiBuilder.addModuleInfo("* Linker *"));
  LinkerModule.setPdbFilePathNI(PdbFilePathNI);
  addLinkerModuleSymbols(NativePath, LinkerModule, Alloc);

  // Add COFF section header stream.
  ExitOnErr(
      DbiBuilder.addDbgStream(pdb::DbgHeaderType::SectionHdr, SectionTable));

  // Write to a file.
  ExitOnErr(Builder.commit(Config->PDBPath));
}