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Misha Brukmanb7c3b6d2003-10-28 21:09:29 +00007 <title>Bootstrapping the LLVM C/C++ Front-End</title>
Misha Brukman0ccf5192003-10-23 01:48:33 +00008</head>
9<body>
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +000010
Misha Brukman0ccf5192003-10-23 01:48:33 +000011<div class="doc_title">
Misha Brukmanb7c3b6d2003-10-28 21:09:29 +000012 Bootstrapping the LLVM C/C++ Front-End
Misha Brukman0ccf5192003-10-23 01:48:33 +000013</div>
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +000014
Brian Gaekee6406a82003-11-12 20:47:30 +000015<ol>
16 <li><a href="#cautionarynote">A Cautionary Note</a>
Chris Lattnerbbdec032004-06-01 18:13:05 +000017 <ul>
Misha Brukman35d842e2004-06-18 15:54:54 +000018 <li><a href="#cygwin">Building under Cygwin</a></li>
Misha Brukman39efd012004-08-23 17:54:45 +000019 <li><a href="#aix">Building under AIX</a></li>
Chris Lattnerbbdec032004-06-01 18:13:05 +000020 </ul>
21 </li>
Chris Lattnerfa289942006-07-11 20:47:00 +000022 <li><a href="#instructions">llvm-gcc4 Instructions</a></li>
23 <li><a href="#llvm-gcc3-instructions">llvm-gcc3 Instructions</a></li>
Chris Lattnerbbdec032004-06-01 18:13:05 +000024 <li><a href="#license">License Information</a></li>
Brian Gaekee6406a82003-11-12 20:47:30 +000025</ol>
26
Chris Lattner020e1fc2004-05-23 21:07:27 +000027<div class="doc_author">
Chris Lattnerbbdec032004-06-01 18:13:05 +000028 <p>Written by Brian R. Gaeke and
29 <a href="http://nondot.org/sabre">Chris Lattner</a></p>
Brian Gaekee6406a82003-11-12 20:47:30 +000030</div>
31
32<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
33<div class="doc_section">
34 <a name="cautionarynote">A Cautionary Note</a>
35</div>
36<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
37
38<div class="doc_text">
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +000039
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +000040<p>This document is intended to explain the process of building the LLVM C/C++
41front-end from its source code. You have to do this, for example, if you are
42porting LLVM to a new architecture or operating system, if you are working from
43Top-Of-Tree CVS/SVN, or if there is no precompiled snapshot available.</p>
44
45<p><b>NOTE:</b> This is currently a somewhat fragile, error-prone process, and
46you should <b>only</b> try to do it if:</p>
Misha Brukmanb7c3b6d2003-10-28 21:09:29 +000047
48<ol>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +000049 <li>you really, <em>really</em>, <b><em>really</em></b> can't use the
50 binaries we distribute</li>
Misha Brukmanb7c3b6d2003-10-28 21:09:29 +000051 <li>you are an elite GCC hacker.</li>
Chris Lattner25170b02005-02-21 16:35:31 +000052 <li>you want to use the latest bits from CVS.</li>
Misha Brukmanb7c3b6d2003-10-28 21:09:29 +000053</ol>
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +000054
55<p>We welcome patches to help make this process simpler.</p>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +000056
Brian Gaekee6406a82003-11-12 20:47:30 +000057</div>
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +000058
Chris Lattnerbbdec032004-06-01 18:13:05 +000059<!--=========================================================================-->
60<div class="doc_subsection">
Misha Brukman35d842e2004-06-18 15:54:54 +000061 <a name="cygwin">Building under Cygwin</a>
Chris Lattnerbbdec032004-06-01 18:13:05 +000062</div>
63<!--=========================================================================-->
64
65<div class="doc_text">
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +000066
John Criswelldfe6a862004-12-10 15:51:16 +000067<p>If you are building LLVM and the GCC front-end under Cygwin, please note that
Chris Lattnerbbdec032004-06-01 18:13:05 +000068the LLVM and GCC makefiles do not correctly handle spaces in paths. To deal
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +000069with this issue, make sure that your LLVM and GCC source and build trees are
70located in a top-level directory (like <tt>/cygdrive/c/llvm</tt> and
Chris Lattnerbbdec032004-06-01 18:13:05 +000071<tt>/cygdrive/c/llvm-cfrontend</tt>), not in a directory that contains a space
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +000072(which includes your "home directory", because it lives under the "Documents and
73Settings" directory). We welcome patches to fix this issue.</p>
74
Reid Spencer3e41cd52004-12-22 09:52:30 +000075<p>It has been found that the GCC 3.3.3 compiler provided with recent Cygwin
John Criswell93c7fff2005-10-24 16:37:24 +000076versions is incapable of compiling the LLVM GCC front-end correctly. If your
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +000077Cygwin installation includes GCC 3.3.3, we <em>strongly</em> recommend that you
78download GCC 3.4.3, build it separately, and use it for compiling the LLVM GCC
79front-end. This has been shown to work correctly.</p>
80
Reid Spencer1097f7d2004-12-23 19:49:54 +000081<p>Some versions of Cygwin utilize an experimental version of GNU binutils that
82will cause the GNU <tt>ld</tt> linker to fail an assertion when linking
83components of the libstdc++. It is recommended that you replace the entire
84binutils package with version 2.15 such that "<tt>ld --version</tt>" responds
Misha Brukmane4fad6b2005-03-01 17:19:21 +000085with</p>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +000086
87<div class="doc_code">
Reid Spencer1097f7d2004-12-23 19:49:54 +000088<pre>GNU ld version 2.15</pre>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +000089</div>
90
91<p>not with:</p>
92
93<div class="doc_code">
Reid Spencer1097f7d2004-12-23 19:49:54 +000094<pre>GNU ld version 2.15.91 20040725</pre>
Misha Brukmane4fad6b2005-03-01 17:19:21 +000095</div>
Chris Lattnerbbdec032004-06-01 18:13:05 +000096
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +000097</div>
98
Misha Brukman39efd012004-08-23 17:54:45 +000099<!--=========================================================================-->
Reid Spencercdf4d462004-12-31 19:48:59 +0000100<div class="doc_subsection"><a name="aix">Building under AIX</a></div>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000101
Misha Brukman39efd012004-08-23 17:54:45 +0000102<div class="doc_text">
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000103
John Criswelldfe6a862004-12-10 15:51:16 +0000104<p>If you are building LLVM and the GCC front-end under AIX, do NOT use GNU
Misha Brukman39efd012004-08-23 17:54:45 +0000105Binutils. They are not stable under AIX and may produce incorrect and/or
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000106invalid code. Instead, use the system assembler and linker.</p>
107
Misha Brukman39efd012004-08-23 17:54:45 +0000108</div>
109
Misha Brukman0ccf5192003-10-23 01:48:33 +0000110<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
111<div class="doc_section">
Chris Lattnerfa289942006-07-11 20:47:00 +0000112 <a name="instructions">llvm-gcc4 Instructions</a>
Misha Brukman0ccf5192003-10-23 01:48:33 +0000113</div>
114<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
115
116<div class="doc_text">
Chris Lattnerfa289942006-07-11 20:47:00 +0000117
118<p>This section describes how to aquire and build llvm-gcc4, which is based on
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000119the GCC 4.0.1 front-end. This front-end supports C, C++, Objective-C, and
Chris Lattnerfa289942006-07-11 20:47:00 +0000120Objective-C++. Note that the instructions for building this front-end are
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000121completely different than those for building llvm-gcc3.</p>
Chris Lattnerfa289942006-07-11 20:47:00 +0000122
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +0000123<ol>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000124 <li><p>Retrieve the appropriate llvm-gcc4-x.y.source.tar.gz archive from the
125 llvm web site.</p>
Jim Laskey6b6e3692006-06-16 23:34:49 +0000126
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000127 <p>It is also possible to download the sources of the llvm-gcc4 front end
128 from a read-only mirror using subversion. To check out the code the
129 first time use:</p>
Jim Laskey6b6e3692006-06-16 23:34:49 +0000130
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000131<div class="doc_code">
132<pre>
133svn co svn://anonsvn.opensource.apple.com/svn/llvm/trunk <i>dst-directory</i>
134</pre>
135</div>
Jim Laskey6b6e3692006-06-16 23:34:49 +0000136
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000137 <p>After that, the code can be be updated in the destination directory
138 using:</p>
Jim Laskey6b6e3692006-06-16 23:34:49 +0000139
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000140<div class="doc_code">
141<pre>svn update</pre>
142</div>
Chris Lattnerfa289942006-07-11 20:47:00 +0000143
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000144 <p>The mirror is brought up to date every evening.</p></li>
145
146 <li>Follow the directions in the top-level <tt>README.LLVM</tt> file for
147 up-to-date instructions on how to build llvm-gcc4.</li>
Chris Lattnerfa289942006-07-11 20:47:00 +0000148</ol>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000149
Chris Lattnerfa289942006-07-11 20:47:00 +0000150</div>
151
152<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
153<div class="doc_section">
154 <a name="llvm-gcc3-instructions">llvm-gcc3 Instructions</a>
155</div>
156<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
157
158<div class="doc_text">
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000159
Chris Lattnerfa289942006-07-11 20:47:00 +0000160<ol>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000161 <li>Aquire llvm-gcc3 from <a href="GettingStarted.html#checkout">LLVM CVS</a>
162 or from a <a href="http://llvm.org/releases/">release tarball</a>.</li>
Chris Lattnerfa289942006-07-11 20:47:00 +0000163
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000164 <li><p>Configure and build the LLVM libraries and tools. There are two ways to
165 do this: either with <tt><i>objdir</i> == <i>srcdir</i></tt> or
166 <tt><i>objdir</i> != <i>srcdir</i></tt>. It is recommended that
167 <tt><i>srcdir</i></tt> be the same as <tt><i>objdir</i></tt> for your
168 LLVM tree (but note that you should always use <tt><i>srcdir</i> !=
169 <i>objdir</i></tt> for llvm-gcc):</p>
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +0000170
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000171 <ul>
172 <li><p>With <tt><i>objdir</i> != <i>srcdir</i></tt>:</p>
173
174<div class="doc_code">
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +0000175<pre>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000176% cd <i>objdir</i>
177% <i>srcdir</i>/configure --prefix=/some/path/you/can/install/to [options...]
178% gmake tools-only
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +0000179</pre>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000180</div>
181 </li>
182 <li><p>With <tt><i>objdir</i> == <i>srcdir</i></tt>:</p>
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +0000183
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000184<div class="doc_code">
Chris Lattner8c85ec92004-06-02 19:27:50 +0000185<pre>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000186% cd llvm
187% ./configure --prefix=/some/path/you/can/install/to [options...]
188% gmake tools-only
Chris Lattner8c85ec92004-06-02 19:27:50 +0000189</pre>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000190</div>
191 </li>
192 </ul>
Chris Lattner8c85ec92004-06-02 19:27:50 +0000193
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000194 <p>This will build all of the LLVM tools and libraries. The
195 <tt>--prefix</tt> option defaults to <tt>/usr/local</tt> (per configure
196 standards) but unless you are a system administrator, you probably
197 won't be able to install LLVM there because of permissions. Specify a
198 path into which LLVM can be installed
199 (e.g. <tt>--prefix=/home/user/llvm</tt>).</p></li>
200 <li><p>Add the directory containing the tools to your PATH.</p>
John Criswellffc722a72003-12-08 19:59:14 +0000201
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000202<div class="doc_code">
203csh:
John Criswellffc722a72003-12-08 19:59:14 +0000204<pre>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000205 % set path = ( `cd llvm/Debug/bin &amp;&amp; pwd` $path )
John Criswellffc722a72003-12-08 19:59:14 +0000206</pre>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000207sh:
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +0000208<pre>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000209 % export PATH=`cd llvm/Debug/bin &amp;&amp; pwd`:$PATH
Reid Spencer02c571b2004-11-25 17:13:17 +0000210</pre>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000211</div>
212 </li>
Reid Spencer02c571b2004-11-25 17:13:17 +0000213
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000214 <li><p>Unpack the C/C++ front-end source into cfrontend/src, either by
215 untar'ing a cfrontend.source.tar.gz file or checking out CVS into this
216 directory.</p></li>
217 <li><p>Make "build" and "install" directories as siblings of the "src"
218 tree:</p>
219
220<div class="doc_code">
221csh:
222<pre>
223 % pwd
224 /usr/local/example/cfrontend/src
225 % cd ..
226 % mkdir build install
227 % set CFEINSTALL = `pwd`/install
228</pre>
229sh:
230<pre>
231 % pwd
232 /usr/local/example/cfrontend/src
233 % cd ..
234 % mkdir build install
235 % export CFEINSTALL=`pwd`/install
236</pre>
237</div>
238 </li>
239
240 <li><p>Configure, build, and install the GCC front-end:</p>
241
242 <p>
243 <b>Linux/x86:</b><br>
244 <b>Linux/IA-64:</b><br>
245 <b>MacOS X/PowerPC</b> (requires dlcompat library):<br>
246 <b>AIX/PowerPC:</b>
247 </p>
248
249<div class="doc_code">
250<pre>
251% cd build
252% ../src/configure --prefix=$CFEINSTALL --disable-threads --disable-nls \
253 --disable-shared --enable-languages=c,c++ --program-prefix=llvm-
254% gmake all; gmake install
255</pre>
256</div>
257
258 <p><b>Cygwin/x86:</b></p>
259
260<div class="doc_code">
261<pre>
262% cd build
263% ../src/configure --prefix=$CFEINSTALL --disable-threads --disable-nls \
264 --disable-shared --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-c-mbchar \
265 --program-prefix=llvm-
266% gmake all; gmake install
267</pre>
268</div>
269
270 <p><b>Solaris/SPARC:</b></p>
271
272 <p>The GCC front-end can be configured for either SPARC V8 (32 bit) or
273 SPARC V9 (64 bit). This changes, among other things, the sizes of
274 integer types and the macros defined for conditional compilation.</p>
275
276 <p>The SPARC V8 ABI support is more robust than the V9 ABI support and can
277 generate SPARC V9 code. It is highly recommended that you use the V8
278 ABI with LLVM, as shown below. Also, note that Solaris has trouble
279 with various wide (multibyte) character functions from C as referenced
280 from C++, so we typically configure with --disable-c-mbchar (cf. <a
281 href="http://llvm.org/PR206">Bug 206</a>).</p>
282
283<div class="doc_code">
284<pre>
285% cd build
286% ../src/configure --prefix=$CFEINSTALL --disable-threads --disable-nls \
287 --disable-shared --enable-languages=c,c++ --host=sparc-sun-solaris2.8 \
288 --disable-c-mbchar --program-prefix=llvm-
289% gmake all; gmake install
290</pre>
291</div>
292
293 <p><b>Common Problem:</b> You may get error messages regarding the fact
294 that LLVM does not support inline assembly. Here are two common
295 fixes:</p>
296
297 <ul>
298 <li><p><b>Fix 1:</b> If you have system header files that include inline
299 assembly, you may have to modify them to remove the inline assembly
300 and install the modified versions in
301 <code>$CFEINSTALL/lib/gcc/<i>target-triplet</i>/3.4-llvm/include</code>.</li>
302
303 <li><b>Fix 2:</b> If you are building the C++ front-end on a CPU we
304 haven't tried yet, you will probably have to edit the appropriate
305 version of atomicity.h under
306 <code>src/libstdc++-v3/config/cpu/<i>name-of-cpu</i>/atomicity.h</code>
307 and apply a patch so that it does not use inline assembly.</li>
308 </ul>
309
310 <p><b>Porting to a new architecture:</b> If you are porting the front-end
311 to a new architecture or compiling in a configuration that we have not
312 tried previously, there are probably several changes you will have to
313 make to the GCC target to get it to work correctly. These include:</p>
314
315 <ul>
316 <li>Often targets include special assembler or linker flags which
317 <tt>gccas</tt>/<tt>gccld</tt> does not understand. In general,
318 these can just be removed.</li>
319
320 <li>LLVM currently does not support any floating point values other than
321 32-bit and 64-bit IEEE floating point. The primary effect of this
322 is that you may have to map "long double" onto "double".</li>
323
324 <li>The profiling hooks in GCC do not apply at all to the LLVM
325 front-end. These may need to be disabled.</li>
326
327 <li>No inline assembly for position independent code. At the LLVM
328 level, everything is position independent.</li>
329
330 <li>We handle <tt>.init</tt> and <tt>.fini</tt> differently.</li>
331
332 <li>You may have to disable multilib support in your target. Using
333 multilib support causes the GCC compiler driver to add a lot of
334 "<tt>-L</tt>" options to the link line, which do not relate to LLVM
335 and confuse <tt>gccld</tt>. To disable multilibs, delete any
336 <tt>MULTILIB_OPTIONS</tt> lines from your target files.</li>
337
338 <li>Did we mention that we don't support inline assembly? You'll
339 probably have to add some fixinclude hacks to disable it in the
340 system headers.</li>
341 </ul></li>
342
343 <li><p>Put <tt>$CFEINSTALL/bin</tt> into your <tt>PATH</tt> environment
344 variable.</p>
345
346<div class="doc_code">
347csh:
348<pre>
349 % setenv PATH $CFEINSTALL/bin:$PATH
350</pre>
351sh:
352<pre>
353 % export PATH=$CFEINSTALL/bin:$PATH
354</pre>
355</div>
356 </li>
357
358 <li><p>Go back into the LLVM source tree proper. Rerun configure, using the
359 same options as the last time. This will cause the configuration to now
360 find the newly built llvm-gcc and llvm-g++ executables. </p></li>
361
362 <li><p>Rebuild your CVS tree. This shouldn't cause the whole thing to be
363 rebuilt, but it should build the runtime libraries. After the tree is
364 built, install the runtime libraries into your GCC front-end build tree.
365 These are the commands you need:</p>
366
367<div class="doc_code">
368<pre>
369% gmake
370% gmake -C runtime install-bytecode
371</pre>
372</div>
373 </li>
374
375 <li><p>Optionally, build a symbol table for the newly installed runtime
376 libraries. Although this step is optional, you are strongly encouraged to
377 do this as the symbol tables will make a significant difference in your
378 link times. Use the <tt>llvm-ranlib</tt> tool to do this, as follows:</p>
379
380<div class="doc_code">
381<pre>
382% cd $CFEINSTALL/lib
383% llvm-ranlib libiberty.a
384% llvm-ranlib libstdc++.a
385% llvm-ranlib libsupc++.a
386% cd $CFEINSTALL/lib/gcc/<i>target-triplet</i>/3.4-llvm
387% llvm-ranlib libgcc.a
388% llvm-ranlib libgcov.a
389</pre>
390</div>
391 </li>
392
393 <li><p>Test the newly-installed C frontend by one or more of the following
394 means:</p>
395
396 <ul>
397 <li>running the feature &amp; regression tests via <tt>make
398 check</tt></li>
399 <li>compiling and running a "hello, LLVM" program in C and C++.</li>
400 <li>running the tests found in the <tt>llvm-test</tt> CVS module</li>
401 </ul></li>
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +0000402</ol>
Bill Wendlingae2a3092006-11-16 09:31:19 +0000403
Misha Brukman0ccf5192003-10-23 01:48:33 +0000404</div>
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +0000405
406<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
John Criswell86a3a482003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000407<div class="doc_section">
408 <a name="license">License Information</a>
409</div>
410
411<div class="doc_text">
412<p>
413The LLVM GCC frontend is licensed to you under the GNU General Public License
414and the GNU Lesser General Public License. Please see the files COPYING and
415COPYING.LIB for more details.
416</p>
417
418<p>
Chris Lattnerfa289942006-07-11 20:47:00 +0000419More information is <a href="FAQ.html#license">available in the FAQ</a>.
John Criswell86a3a482003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000420</p>
John Criswell86a3a482003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000421</pre>
422</div>
423
424<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
Brian Gaeke0142c1e2003-10-21 21:58:38 +0000425
Misha Brukmanb7c3b6d2003-10-28 21:09:29 +0000426<hr>
Misha Brukman4478f2b2004-05-12 18:49:47 +0000427<address>
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432
433 Brian Gaeke<br>
Reid Spencerca058542006-03-14 05:39:39 +0000434 <a href="http://llvm.org">LLVM Compiler Infrastructure</a><br>
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