Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 1 | /* |
Lai Jiangshan | 47c5980 | 2008-10-18 20:28:07 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 2 | * device_cgroup.c - device cgroup subsystem |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 3 | * |
| 4 | * Copyright 2007 IBM Corp |
| 5 | */ |
| 6 | |
| 7 | #include <linux/device_cgroup.h> |
| 8 | #include <linux/cgroup.h> |
| 9 | #include <linux/ctype.h> |
| 10 | #include <linux/list.h> |
| 11 | #include <linux/uaccess.h> |
Serge E. Hallyn | 29486df | 2008-04-29 01:00:14 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 12 | #include <linux/seq_file.h> |
Tejun Heo | 5a0e3ad | 2010-03-24 17:04:11 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 13 | #include <linux/slab.h> |
Lai Jiangshan | 47c5980 | 2008-10-18 20:28:07 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 14 | #include <linux/rcupdate.h> |
Li Zefan | b4046f0 | 2009-04-02 16:57:32 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 15 | #include <linux/mutex.h> |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 16 | |
| 17 | #define ACC_MKNOD 1 |
| 18 | #define ACC_READ 2 |
| 19 | #define ACC_WRITE 4 |
| 20 | #define ACC_MASK (ACC_MKNOD | ACC_READ | ACC_WRITE) |
| 21 | |
| 22 | #define DEV_BLOCK 1 |
| 23 | #define DEV_CHAR 2 |
| 24 | #define DEV_ALL 4 /* this represents all devices */ |
| 25 | |
Li Zefan | b4046f0 | 2009-04-02 16:57:32 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 26 | static DEFINE_MUTEX(devcgroup_mutex); |
| 27 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | c39a2a3 | 2013-02-15 11:55:45 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 28 | enum devcg_behavior { |
| 29 | DEVCG_DEFAULT_NONE, |
| 30 | DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW, |
| 31 | DEVCG_DEFAULT_DENY, |
| 32 | }; |
| 33 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 34 | /* |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 35 | * exception list locking rules: |
Li Zefan | b4046f0 | 2009-04-02 16:57:32 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 36 | * hold devcgroup_mutex for update/read. |
Lai Jiangshan | 47c5980 | 2008-10-18 20:28:07 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 37 | * hold rcu_read_lock() for read. |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 38 | */ |
| 39 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 40 | struct dev_exception_item { |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 41 | u32 major, minor; |
| 42 | short type; |
| 43 | short access; |
| 44 | struct list_head list; |
Pavel Emelyanov | 4efd1a1 | 2008-07-25 01:47:07 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 45 | struct rcu_head rcu; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 46 | }; |
| 47 | |
| 48 | struct dev_cgroup { |
| 49 | struct cgroup_subsys_state css; |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 50 | struct list_head exceptions; |
Aristeu Rozanski | c39a2a3 | 2013-02-15 11:55:45 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 51 | enum devcg_behavior behavior; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 52 | }; |
| 53 | |
Pavel Emelyanov | b66862f | 2008-06-05 22:46:24 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 54 | static inline struct dev_cgroup *css_to_devcgroup(struct cgroup_subsys_state *s) |
| 55 | { |
Tejun Heo | a7c6d55 | 2013-08-08 20:11:23 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 56 | return s ? container_of(s, struct dev_cgroup, css) : NULL; |
Pavel Emelyanov | b66862f | 2008-06-05 22:46:24 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 57 | } |
| 58 | |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 59 | static inline struct dev_cgroup *task_devcgroup(struct task_struct *task) |
| 60 | { |
Tejun Heo | 073219e | 2014-02-08 10:36:58 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 61 | return css_to_devcgroup(task_css(task, devices_cgrp_id)); |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 62 | } |
| 63 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 64 | /* |
Li Zefan | b4046f0 | 2009-04-02 16:57:32 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 65 | * called under devcgroup_mutex |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 66 | */ |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 67 | static int dev_exceptions_copy(struct list_head *dest, struct list_head *orig) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 68 | { |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 69 | struct dev_exception_item *ex, *tmp, *new; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 70 | |
Tejun Heo | 4b1c784 | 2012-11-06 09:16:53 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 71 | lockdep_assert_held(&devcgroup_mutex); |
| 72 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 73 | list_for_each_entry(ex, orig, list) { |
| 74 | new = kmemdup(ex, sizeof(*ex), GFP_KERNEL); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 75 | if (!new) |
| 76 | goto free_and_exit; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 77 | list_add_tail(&new->list, dest); |
| 78 | } |
| 79 | |
| 80 | return 0; |
| 81 | |
| 82 | free_and_exit: |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 83 | list_for_each_entry_safe(ex, tmp, dest, list) { |
| 84 | list_del(&ex->list); |
| 85 | kfree(ex); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 86 | } |
| 87 | return -ENOMEM; |
| 88 | } |
| 89 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 90 | /* |
Li Zefan | b4046f0 | 2009-04-02 16:57:32 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 91 | * called under devcgroup_mutex |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 92 | */ |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 93 | static int dev_exception_add(struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup, |
| 94 | struct dev_exception_item *ex) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 95 | { |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 96 | struct dev_exception_item *excopy, *walk; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 97 | |
Tejun Heo | 4b1c784 | 2012-11-06 09:16:53 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 98 | lockdep_assert_held(&devcgroup_mutex); |
| 99 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 100 | excopy = kmemdup(ex, sizeof(*ex), GFP_KERNEL); |
| 101 | if (!excopy) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 102 | return -ENOMEM; |
| 103 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 104 | list_for_each_entry(walk, &dev_cgroup->exceptions, list) { |
| 105 | if (walk->type != ex->type) |
Pavel Emelyanov | d1ee297 | 2008-06-05 22:46:28 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 106 | continue; |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 107 | if (walk->major != ex->major) |
Pavel Emelyanov | d1ee297 | 2008-06-05 22:46:28 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 108 | continue; |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 109 | if (walk->minor != ex->minor) |
Pavel Emelyanov | d1ee297 | 2008-06-05 22:46:28 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 110 | continue; |
| 111 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 112 | walk->access |= ex->access; |
| 113 | kfree(excopy); |
| 114 | excopy = NULL; |
Pavel Emelyanov | d1ee297 | 2008-06-05 22:46:28 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 115 | } |
| 116 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 117 | if (excopy != NULL) |
| 118 | list_add_tail_rcu(&excopy->list, &dev_cgroup->exceptions); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 119 | return 0; |
| 120 | } |
| 121 | |
| 122 | /* |
Li Zefan | b4046f0 | 2009-04-02 16:57:32 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 123 | * called under devcgroup_mutex |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 124 | */ |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 125 | static void dev_exception_rm(struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup, |
| 126 | struct dev_exception_item *ex) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 127 | { |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 128 | struct dev_exception_item *walk, *tmp; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 129 | |
Tejun Heo | 4b1c784 | 2012-11-06 09:16:53 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 130 | lockdep_assert_held(&devcgroup_mutex); |
| 131 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 132 | list_for_each_entry_safe(walk, tmp, &dev_cgroup->exceptions, list) { |
| 133 | if (walk->type != ex->type) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 134 | continue; |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 135 | if (walk->major != ex->major) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 136 | continue; |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 137 | if (walk->minor != ex->minor) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 138 | continue; |
| 139 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 140 | walk->access &= ~ex->access; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 141 | if (!walk->access) { |
Pavel Emelyanov | 4efd1a1 | 2008-07-25 01:47:07 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 142 | list_del_rcu(&walk->list); |
Lai Jiangshan | 6034f7e | 2011-03-15 18:07:57 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 143 | kfree_rcu(walk, rcu); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 144 | } |
| 145 | } |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 146 | } |
| 147 | |
Jerry Snitselaar | 53eb8c8 | 2013-02-21 16:41:31 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 148 | static void __dev_exception_clean(struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup) |
| 149 | { |
| 150 | struct dev_exception_item *ex, *tmp; |
| 151 | |
| 152 | list_for_each_entry_safe(ex, tmp, &dev_cgroup->exceptions, list) { |
| 153 | list_del_rcu(&ex->list); |
| 154 | kfree_rcu(ex, rcu); |
| 155 | } |
| 156 | } |
| 157 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | 868539a | 2012-10-04 17:15:15 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 158 | /** |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 159 | * dev_exception_clean - frees all entries of the exception list |
| 160 | * @dev_cgroup: dev_cgroup with the exception list to be cleaned |
Aristeu Rozanski | 868539a | 2012-10-04 17:15:15 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 161 | * |
| 162 | * called under devcgroup_mutex |
| 163 | */ |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 164 | static void dev_exception_clean(struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup) |
Aristeu Rozanski | 868539a | 2012-10-04 17:15:15 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 165 | { |
Tejun Heo | 4b1c784 | 2012-11-06 09:16:53 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 166 | lockdep_assert_held(&devcgroup_mutex); |
| 167 | |
Jerry Snitselaar | 53eb8c8 | 2013-02-21 16:41:31 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 168 | __dev_exception_clean(dev_cgroup); |
Aristeu Rozanski | 868539a | 2012-10-04 17:15:15 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 169 | } |
| 170 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 171 | static inline bool is_devcg_online(const struct dev_cgroup *devcg) |
| 172 | { |
| 173 | return (devcg->behavior != DEVCG_DEFAULT_NONE); |
| 174 | } |
| 175 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | 1909554c | 2013-02-15 11:55:46 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 176 | /** |
| 177 | * devcgroup_online - initializes devcgroup's behavior and exceptions based on |
| 178 | * parent's |
Tejun Heo | eb95419 | 2013-08-08 20:11:23 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 179 | * @css: css getting online |
Aristeu Rozanski | 1909554c | 2013-02-15 11:55:46 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 180 | * returns 0 in case of success, error code otherwise |
| 181 | */ |
Tejun Heo | eb95419 | 2013-08-08 20:11:23 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 182 | static int devcgroup_online(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css) |
Aristeu Rozanski | 1909554c | 2013-02-15 11:55:46 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 183 | { |
Tejun Heo | eb95419 | 2013-08-08 20:11:23 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 184 | struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup = css_to_devcgroup(css); |
Tejun Heo | 5c9d535 | 2014-05-16 13:22:48 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 185 | struct dev_cgroup *parent_dev_cgroup = css_to_devcgroup(css->parent); |
Aristeu Rozanski | 1909554c | 2013-02-15 11:55:46 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 186 | int ret = 0; |
| 187 | |
| 188 | mutex_lock(&devcgroup_mutex); |
Aristeu Rozanski | 1909554c | 2013-02-15 11:55:46 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 189 | |
| 190 | if (parent_dev_cgroup == NULL) |
| 191 | dev_cgroup->behavior = DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW; |
| 192 | else { |
| 193 | ret = dev_exceptions_copy(&dev_cgroup->exceptions, |
| 194 | &parent_dev_cgroup->exceptions); |
| 195 | if (!ret) |
| 196 | dev_cgroup->behavior = parent_dev_cgroup->behavior; |
| 197 | } |
| 198 | mutex_unlock(&devcgroup_mutex); |
| 199 | |
| 200 | return ret; |
| 201 | } |
| 202 | |
Tejun Heo | eb95419 | 2013-08-08 20:11:23 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 203 | static void devcgroup_offline(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css) |
Aristeu Rozanski | 1909554c | 2013-02-15 11:55:46 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 204 | { |
Tejun Heo | eb95419 | 2013-08-08 20:11:23 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 205 | struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup = css_to_devcgroup(css); |
Aristeu Rozanski | 1909554c | 2013-02-15 11:55:46 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 206 | |
| 207 | mutex_lock(&devcgroup_mutex); |
| 208 | dev_cgroup->behavior = DEVCG_DEFAULT_NONE; |
| 209 | mutex_unlock(&devcgroup_mutex); |
| 210 | } |
| 211 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 212 | /* |
| 213 | * called from kernel/cgroup.c with cgroup_lock() held. |
| 214 | */ |
Tejun Heo | eb95419 | 2013-08-08 20:11:23 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 215 | static struct cgroup_subsys_state * |
| 216 | devcgroup_css_alloc(struct cgroup_subsys_state *parent_css) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 217 | { |
Aristeu Rozanski | 1909554c | 2013-02-15 11:55:46 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 218 | struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 219 | |
| 220 | dev_cgroup = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev_cgroup), GFP_KERNEL); |
| 221 | if (!dev_cgroup) |
| 222 | return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 223 | INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev_cgroup->exceptions); |
Aristeu Rozanski | 1909554c | 2013-02-15 11:55:46 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 224 | dev_cgroup->behavior = DEVCG_DEFAULT_NONE; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 225 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 226 | return &dev_cgroup->css; |
| 227 | } |
| 228 | |
Tejun Heo | eb95419 | 2013-08-08 20:11:23 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 229 | static void devcgroup_css_free(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 230 | { |
Tejun Heo | eb95419 | 2013-08-08 20:11:23 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 231 | struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup = css_to_devcgroup(css); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 232 | |
Jerry Snitselaar | 53eb8c8 | 2013-02-21 16:41:31 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 233 | __dev_exception_clean(dev_cgroup); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 234 | kfree(dev_cgroup); |
| 235 | } |
| 236 | |
| 237 | #define DEVCG_ALLOW 1 |
| 238 | #define DEVCG_DENY 2 |
Serge E. Hallyn | 29486df | 2008-04-29 01:00:14 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 239 | #define DEVCG_LIST 3 |
| 240 | |
Li Zefan | 17d213f | 2008-07-13 12:14:02 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 241 | #define MAJMINLEN 13 |
Serge E. Hallyn | 29486df | 2008-04-29 01:00:14 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 242 | #define ACCLEN 4 |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 243 | |
| 244 | static void set_access(char *acc, short access) |
| 245 | { |
| 246 | int idx = 0; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 29486df | 2008-04-29 01:00:14 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 247 | memset(acc, 0, ACCLEN); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 248 | if (access & ACC_READ) |
| 249 | acc[idx++] = 'r'; |
| 250 | if (access & ACC_WRITE) |
| 251 | acc[idx++] = 'w'; |
| 252 | if (access & ACC_MKNOD) |
| 253 | acc[idx++] = 'm'; |
| 254 | } |
| 255 | |
| 256 | static char type_to_char(short type) |
| 257 | { |
| 258 | if (type == DEV_ALL) |
| 259 | return 'a'; |
| 260 | if (type == DEV_CHAR) |
| 261 | return 'c'; |
| 262 | if (type == DEV_BLOCK) |
| 263 | return 'b'; |
| 264 | return 'X'; |
| 265 | } |
| 266 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | 29486df | 2008-04-29 01:00:14 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 267 | static void set_majmin(char *str, unsigned m) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 268 | { |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 269 | if (m == ~0) |
Li Zefan | 7759fc9 | 2008-07-25 01:47:08 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 270 | strcpy(str, "*"); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 271 | else |
Li Zefan | 7759fc9 | 2008-07-25 01:47:08 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 272 | sprintf(str, "%u", m); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 273 | } |
| 274 | |
Tejun Heo | 2da8ca8 | 2013-12-05 12:28:04 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 275 | static int devcgroup_seq_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 276 | { |
Tejun Heo | 2da8ca8 | 2013-12-05 12:28:04 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 277 | struct dev_cgroup *devcgroup = css_to_devcgroup(seq_css(m)); |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 278 | struct dev_exception_item *ex; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 29486df | 2008-04-29 01:00:14 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 279 | char maj[MAJMINLEN], min[MAJMINLEN], acc[ACCLEN]; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 280 | |
Pavel Emelyanov | 4efd1a1 | 2008-07-25 01:47:07 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 281 | rcu_read_lock(); |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 282 | /* |
| 283 | * To preserve the compatibility: |
| 284 | * - Only show the "all devices" when the default policy is to allow |
| 285 | * - List the exceptions in case the default policy is to deny |
| 286 | * This way, the file remains as a "whitelist of devices" |
| 287 | */ |
Aristeu Rozanski | 5b7aa7d | 2012-10-25 13:37:38 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 288 | if (devcgroup->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW) { |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 289 | set_access(acc, ACC_MASK); |
| 290 | set_majmin(maj, ~0); |
| 291 | set_majmin(min, ~0); |
| 292 | seq_printf(m, "%c %s:%s %s\n", type_to_char(DEV_ALL), |
Serge E. Hallyn | 29486df | 2008-04-29 01:00:14 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 293 | maj, min, acc); |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 294 | } else { |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 295 | list_for_each_entry_rcu(ex, &devcgroup->exceptions, list) { |
| 296 | set_access(acc, ex->access); |
| 297 | set_majmin(maj, ex->major); |
| 298 | set_majmin(min, ex->minor); |
| 299 | seq_printf(m, "%c %s:%s %s\n", type_to_char(ex->type), |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 300 | maj, min, acc); |
| 301 | } |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 302 | } |
Pavel Emelyanov | 4efd1a1 | 2008-07-25 01:47:07 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 303 | rcu_read_unlock(); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 304 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | 29486df | 2008-04-29 01:00:14 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 305 | return 0; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 306 | } |
| 307 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 308 | /** |
Aristeu Rozanski | f5f3cf6f | 2014-04-24 15:33:21 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 309 | * match_exception - iterates the exception list trying to find a complete match |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 310 | * @exceptions: list of exceptions |
| 311 | * @type: device type (DEV_BLOCK or DEV_CHAR) |
| 312 | * @major: device file major number, ~0 to match all |
| 313 | * @minor: device file minor number, ~0 to match all |
| 314 | * @access: permission mask (ACC_READ, ACC_WRITE, ACC_MKNOD) |
| 315 | * |
Aristeu Rozanski | f5f3cf6f | 2014-04-24 15:33:21 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 316 | * It is considered a complete match if an exception is found that will |
| 317 | * contain the entire range of provided parameters. |
| 318 | * |
| 319 | * Return: true in case it matches an exception completely |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 320 | */ |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 321 | static bool match_exception(struct list_head *exceptions, short type, |
| 322 | u32 major, u32 minor, short access) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 323 | { |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 324 | struct dev_exception_item *ex; |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 325 | |
| 326 | list_for_each_entry_rcu(ex, exceptions, list) { |
| 327 | if ((type & DEV_BLOCK) && !(ex->type & DEV_BLOCK)) |
| 328 | continue; |
| 329 | if ((type & DEV_CHAR) && !(ex->type & DEV_CHAR)) |
| 330 | continue; |
| 331 | if (ex->major != ~0 && ex->major != major) |
| 332 | continue; |
| 333 | if (ex->minor != ~0 && ex->minor != minor) |
| 334 | continue; |
| 335 | /* provided access cannot have more than the exception rule */ |
| 336 | if (access & (~ex->access)) |
| 337 | continue; |
| 338 | return true; |
| 339 | } |
| 340 | return false; |
| 341 | } |
| 342 | |
| 343 | /** |
Aristeu Rozanski | f5f3cf6f | 2014-04-24 15:33:21 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 344 | * match_exception_partial - iterates the exception list trying to find a partial match |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 345 | * @exceptions: list of exceptions |
| 346 | * @type: device type (DEV_BLOCK or DEV_CHAR) |
| 347 | * @major: device file major number, ~0 to match all |
| 348 | * @minor: device file minor number, ~0 to match all |
| 349 | * @access: permission mask (ACC_READ, ACC_WRITE, ACC_MKNOD) |
| 350 | * |
Aristeu Rozanski | f5f3cf6f | 2014-04-24 15:33:21 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 351 | * It is considered a partial match if an exception's range is found to |
| 352 | * contain *any* of the devices specified by provided parameters. This is |
| 353 | * used to make sure no extra access is being granted that is forbidden by |
| 354 | * any of the exception list. |
| 355 | * |
| 356 | * Return: true in case the provided range mat matches an exception completely |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 357 | */ |
| 358 | static bool match_exception_partial(struct list_head *exceptions, short type, |
| 359 | u32 major, u32 minor, short access) |
| 360 | { |
| 361 | struct dev_exception_item *ex; |
| 362 | |
| 363 | list_for_each_entry_rcu(ex, exceptions, list) { |
| 364 | if ((type & DEV_BLOCK) && !(ex->type & DEV_BLOCK)) |
| 365 | continue; |
| 366 | if ((type & DEV_CHAR) && !(ex->type & DEV_CHAR)) |
| 367 | continue; |
| 368 | /* |
| 369 | * We must be sure that both the exception and the provided |
| 370 | * range aren't masking all devices |
| 371 | */ |
| 372 | if (ex->major != ~0 && major != ~0 && ex->major != major) |
| 373 | continue; |
| 374 | if (ex->minor != ~0 && minor != ~0 && ex->minor != minor) |
| 375 | continue; |
| 376 | /* |
| 377 | * In order to make sure the provided range isn't matching |
| 378 | * an exception, all its access bits shouldn't match the |
| 379 | * exception's access bits |
| 380 | */ |
| 381 | if (!(access & ex->access)) |
| 382 | continue; |
| 383 | return true; |
| 384 | } |
| 385 | return false; |
| 386 | } |
| 387 | |
| 388 | /** |
Aristeu Rozanski | f5f3cf6f | 2014-04-24 15:33:21 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 389 | * verify_new_ex - verifies if a new exception is allowed by parent cgroup's permissions |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 390 | * @dev_cgroup: dev cgroup to be tested against |
| 391 | * @refex: new exception |
| 392 | * @behavior: behavior of the exception's dev_cgroup |
Aristeu Rozanski | f5f3cf6f | 2014-04-24 15:33:21 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 393 | * |
| 394 | * This is used to make sure a child cgroup won't have more privileges |
| 395 | * than its parent |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 396 | */ |
| 397 | static bool verify_new_ex(struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup, |
| 398 | struct dev_exception_item *refex, |
| 399 | enum devcg_behavior behavior) |
| 400 | { |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 401 | bool match = false; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 402 | |
Paul E. McKenney | f78f5b9 | 2015-06-18 15:50:02 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 403 | RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_read_lock_held() && |
Paul E. McKenney | dc3a04d | 2015-09-02 17:11:22 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 404 | !lockdep_is_held(&devcgroup_mutex), |
Paul E. McKenney | f78f5b9 | 2015-06-18 15:50:02 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 405 | "device_cgroup:verify_new_ex called without proper synchronization"); |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 406 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | c39a2a3 | 2013-02-15 11:55:45 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 407 | if (dev_cgroup->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW) { |
| 408 | if (behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW) { |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 409 | /* |
| 410 | * new exception in the child doesn't matter, only |
| 411 | * adding extra restrictions |
| 412 | */ |
Aristeu Rozanski | 26898fd | 2013-02-15 11:55:44 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 413 | return true; |
Aristeu Rozanski | c39a2a3 | 2013-02-15 11:55:45 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 414 | } else { |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 415 | /* |
| 416 | * new exception in the child will add more devices |
| 417 | * that can be acessed, so it can't match any of |
| 418 | * parent's exceptions, even slightly |
| 419 | */ |
| 420 | match = match_exception_partial(&dev_cgroup->exceptions, |
| 421 | refex->type, |
| 422 | refex->major, |
| 423 | refex->minor, |
| 424 | refex->access); |
| 425 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | c39a2a3 | 2013-02-15 11:55:45 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 426 | if (match) |
Aristeu Rozanski | c39a2a3 | 2013-02-15 11:55:45 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 427 | return false; |
| 428 | return true; |
| 429 | } |
Aristeu Rozanski | 26898fd | 2013-02-15 11:55:44 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 430 | } else { |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 431 | /* |
| 432 | * Only behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_DENY allowed here, therefore |
| 433 | * the new exception will add access to more devices and must |
| 434 | * be contained completely in an parent's exception to be |
| 435 | * allowed |
| 436 | */ |
| 437 | match = match_exception(&dev_cgroup->exceptions, refex->type, |
| 438 | refex->major, refex->minor, |
| 439 | refex->access); |
| 440 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | c39a2a3 | 2013-02-15 11:55:45 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 441 | if (match) |
| 442 | /* parent has an exception that matches the proposed */ |
Aristeu Rozanski | 26898fd | 2013-02-15 11:55:44 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 443 | return true; |
Aristeu Rozanski | c39a2a3 | 2013-02-15 11:55:45 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 444 | else |
| 445 | return false; |
Aristeu Rozanski | 26898fd | 2013-02-15 11:55:44 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 446 | } |
| 447 | return false; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 448 | } |
| 449 | |
| 450 | /* |
| 451 | * parent_has_perm: |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 452 | * when adding a new allow rule to a device exception list, the rule |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 453 | * must be allowed in the parent device |
| 454 | */ |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 455 | static int parent_has_perm(struct dev_cgroup *childcg, |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 456 | struct dev_exception_item *ex) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 457 | { |
Tejun Heo | 5c9d535 | 2014-05-16 13:22:48 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 458 | struct dev_cgroup *parent = css_to_devcgroup(childcg->css.parent); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 459 | |
Tejun Heo | 6387698 | 2013-08-08 20:11:23 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 460 | if (!parent) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 461 | return 1; |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 462 | return verify_new_ex(parent, ex, childcg->behavior); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 463 | } |
| 464 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | 4cef729 | 2012-10-25 13:37:45 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 465 | /** |
Aristeu Rozanski | d2c2b11 | 2014-05-05 11:18:59 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 466 | * parent_allows_removal - verify if it's ok to remove an exception |
| 467 | * @childcg: child cgroup from where the exception will be removed |
| 468 | * @ex: exception being removed |
| 469 | * |
| 470 | * When removing an exception in cgroups with default ALLOW policy, it must |
| 471 | * be checked if removing it will give the child cgroup more access than the |
| 472 | * parent. |
| 473 | * |
| 474 | * Return: true if it's ok to remove exception, false otherwise |
| 475 | */ |
| 476 | static bool parent_allows_removal(struct dev_cgroup *childcg, |
| 477 | struct dev_exception_item *ex) |
| 478 | { |
Tejun Heo | 5c9d535 | 2014-05-16 13:22:48 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 479 | struct dev_cgroup *parent = css_to_devcgroup(childcg->css.parent); |
Aristeu Rozanski | d2c2b11 | 2014-05-05 11:18:59 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 480 | |
| 481 | if (!parent) |
| 482 | return true; |
| 483 | |
| 484 | /* It's always allowed to remove access to devices */ |
| 485 | if (childcg->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_DENY) |
| 486 | return true; |
| 487 | |
| 488 | /* |
| 489 | * Make sure you're not removing part or a whole exception existing in |
| 490 | * the parent cgroup |
| 491 | */ |
| 492 | return !match_exception_partial(&parent->exceptions, ex->type, |
| 493 | ex->major, ex->minor, ex->access); |
| 494 | } |
| 495 | |
| 496 | /** |
Aristeu Rozanski | 4cef729 | 2012-10-25 13:37:45 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 497 | * may_allow_all - checks if it's possible to change the behavior to |
| 498 | * allow based on parent's rules. |
| 499 | * @parent: device cgroup's parent |
| 500 | * returns: != 0 in case it's allowed, 0 otherwise |
| 501 | */ |
| 502 | static inline int may_allow_all(struct dev_cgroup *parent) |
| 503 | { |
Aristeu Rozanski | 64e1047 | 2012-11-06 07:25:04 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 504 | if (!parent) |
| 505 | return 1; |
Aristeu Rozanski | 4cef729 | 2012-10-25 13:37:45 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 506 | return parent->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW; |
| 507 | } |
| 508 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 509 | /** |
| 510 | * revalidate_active_exceptions - walks through the active exception list and |
| 511 | * revalidates the exceptions based on parent's |
| 512 | * behavior and exceptions. The exceptions that |
| 513 | * are no longer valid will be removed. |
| 514 | * Called with devcgroup_mutex held. |
| 515 | * @devcg: cgroup which exceptions will be checked |
| 516 | * |
| 517 | * This is one of the three key functions for hierarchy implementation. |
| 518 | * This function is responsible for re-evaluating all the cgroup's active |
| 519 | * exceptions due to a parent's exception change. |
| 520 | * Refer to Documentation/cgroups/devices.txt for more details. |
| 521 | */ |
| 522 | static void revalidate_active_exceptions(struct dev_cgroup *devcg) |
| 523 | { |
| 524 | struct dev_exception_item *ex; |
| 525 | struct list_head *this, *tmp; |
| 526 | |
| 527 | list_for_each_safe(this, tmp, &devcg->exceptions) { |
| 528 | ex = container_of(this, struct dev_exception_item, list); |
| 529 | if (!parent_has_perm(devcg, ex)) |
| 530 | dev_exception_rm(devcg, ex); |
| 531 | } |
| 532 | } |
| 533 | |
| 534 | /** |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 535 | * propagate_exception - propagates a new exception to the children |
| 536 | * @devcg_root: device cgroup that added a new exception |
| 537 | * @ex: new exception to be propagated |
| 538 | * |
| 539 | * returns: 0 in case of success, != 0 in case of error |
| 540 | */ |
| 541 | static int propagate_exception(struct dev_cgroup *devcg_root, |
| 542 | struct dev_exception_item *ex) |
| 543 | { |
Tejun Heo | 492eb21 | 2013-08-08 20:11:25 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 544 | struct cgroup_subsys_state *pos; |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 545 | int rc = 0; |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 546 | |
Tejun Heo | d591fb5 | 2013-05-24 10:55:38 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 547 | rcu_read_lock(); |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 548 | |
Tejun Heo | 492eb21 | 2013-08-08 20:11:25 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 549 | css_for_each_descendant_pre(pos, &devcg_root->css) { |
| 550 | struct dev_cgroup *devcg = css_to_devcgroup(pos); |
Tejun Heo | d591fb5 | 2013-05-24 10:55:38 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 551 | |
| 552 | /* |
| 553 | * Because devcgroup_mutex is held, no devcg will become |
| 554 | * online or offline during the tree walk (see on/offline |
| 555 | * methods), and online ones are safe to access outside RCU |
| 556 | * read lock without bumping refcnt. |
| 557 | */ |
Tejun Heo | bd8815a | 2013-08-08 20:11:27 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 558 | if (pos == &devcg_root->css || !is_devcg_online(devcg)) |
Tejun Heo | d591fb5 | 2013-05-24 10:55:38 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 559 | continue; |
| 560 | |
| 561 | rcu_read_unlock(); |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 562 | |
| 563 | /* |
| 564 | * in case both root's behavior and devcg is allow, a new |
| 565 | * restriction means adding to the exception list |
| 566 | */ |
| 567 | if (devcg_root->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW && |
| 568 | devcg->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW) { |
| 569 | rc = dev_exception_add(devcg, ex); |
| 570 | if (rc) |
| 571 | break; |
| 572 | } else { |
| 573 | /* |
| 574 | * in the other possible cases: |
| 575 | * root's behavior: allow, devcg's: deny |
| 576 | * root's behavior: deny, devcg's: deny |
| 577 | * the exception will be removed |
| 578 | */ |
| 579 | dev_exception_rm(devcg, ex); |
| 580 | } |
| 581 | revalidate_active_exceptions(devcg); |
| 582 | |
Tejun Heo | d591fb5 | 2013-05-24 10:55:38 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 583 | rcu_read_lock(); |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 584 | } |
Tejun Heo | d591fb5 | 2013-05-24 10:55:38 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 585 | |
| 586 | rcu_read_unlock(); |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 587 | return rc; |
| 588 | } |
| 589 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 590 | /* |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 591 | * Modify the exception list using allow/deny rules. |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 592 | * CAP_SYS_ADMIN is needed for this. It's at least separate from CAP_MKNOD |
| 593 | * so we can give a container CAP_MKNOD to let it create devices but not |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 594 | * modify the exception list. |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 595 | * It seems likely we'll want to add a CAP_CONTAINER capability to allow |
| 596 | * us to also grant CAP_SYS_ADMIN to containers without giving away the |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 597 | * device exception list controls, but for now we'll stick with CAP_SYS_ADMIN |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 598 | * |
| 599 | * Taking rules away is always allowed (given CAP_SYS_ADMIN). Granting |
| 600 | * new access is only allowed if you're in the top-level cgroup, or your |
| 601 | * parent cgroup has the access you're asking for. |
| 602 | */ |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 603 | static int devcgroup_update_access(struct dev_cgroup *devcgroup, |
Tejun Heo | 4d3bb51 | 2014-03-19 10:23:54 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 604 | int filetype, char *buffer) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 605 | { |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 606 | const char *b; |
Aristeu Rozanski | 26fd840 | 2012-10-25 13:37:41 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 607 | char temp[12]; /* 11 + 1 characters needed for a u32 */ |
Aristeu Rozanski | c39a2a3 | 2013-02-15 11:55:45 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 608 | int count, rc = 0; |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 609 | struct dev_exception_item ex; |
Tejun Heo | 5c9d535 | 2014-05-16 13:22:48 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 610 | struct dev_cgroup *parent = css_to_devcgroup(devcgroup->css.parent); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 611 | |
| 612 | if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) |
| 613 | return -EPERM; |
| 614 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 615 | memset(&ex, 0, sizeof(ex)); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 616 | b = buffer; |
| 617 | |
| 618 | switch (*b) { |
| 619 | case 'a': |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 620 | switch (filetype) { |
| 621 | case DEVCG_ALLOW: |
Tejun Heo | 7a3bb24 | 2014-05-16 13:22:52 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 622 | if (css_has_online_children(&devcgroup->css)) |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 623 | return -EINVAL; |
| 624 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | 4cef729 | 2012-10-25 13:37:45 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 625 | if (!may_allow_all(parent)) |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 626 | return -EPERM; |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 627 | dev_exception_clean(devcgroup); |
Aristeu Rozanski | 64e1047 | 2012-11-06 07:25:04 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 628 | devcgroup->behavior = DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW; |
| 629 | if (!parent) |
| 630 | break; |
| 631 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | 4cef729 | 2012-10-25 13:37:45 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 632 | rc = dev_exceptions_copy(&devcgroup->exceptions, |
| 633 | &parent->exceptions); |
| 634 | if (rc) |
| 635 | return rc; |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 636 | break; |
| 637 | case DEVCG_DENY: |
Tejun Heo | 7a3bb24 | 2014-05-16 13:22:52 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 638 | if (css_has_online_children(&devcgroup->css)) |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 639 | return -EINVAL; |
| 640 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 641 | dev_exception_clean(devcgroup); |
Aristeu Rozanski | 5b7aa7d | 2012-10-25 13:37:38 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 642 | devcgroup->behavior = DEVCG_DEFAULT_DENY; |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 643 | break; |
| 644 | default: |
| 645 | return -EINVAL; |
| 646 | } |
| 647 | return 0; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 648 | case 'b': |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 649 | ex.type = DEV_BLOCK; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 650 | break; |
| 651 | case 'c': |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 652 | ex.type = DEV_CHAR; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 653 | break; |
| 654 | default: |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 655 | return -EINVAL; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 656 | } |
| 657 | b++; |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 658 | if (!isspace(*b)) |
| 659 | return -EINVAL; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 660 | b++; |
| 661 | if (*b == '*') { |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 662 | ex.major = ~0; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 663 | b++; |
| 664 | } else if (isdigit(*b)) { |
Aristeu Rozanski | 26fd840 | 2012-10-25 13:37:41 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 665 | memset(temp, 0, sizeof(temp)); |
| 666 | for (count = 0; count < sizeof(temp) - 1; count++) { |
| 667 | temp[count] = *b; |
| 668 | b++; |
| 669 | if (!isdigit(*b)) |
| 670 | break; |
| 671 | } |
| 672 | rc = kstrtou32(temp, 10, &ex.major); |
| 673 | if (rc) |
| 674 | return -EINVAL; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 675 | } else { |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 676 | return -EINVAL; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 677 | } |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 678 | if (*b != ':') |
| 679 | return -EINVAL; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 680 | b++; |
| 681 | |
| 682 | /* read minor */ |
| 683 | if (*b == '*') { |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 684 | ex.minor = ~0; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 685 | b++; |
| 686 | } else if (isdigit(*b)) { |
Aristeu Rozanski | 26fd840 | 2012-10-25 13:37:41 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 687 | memset(temp, 0, sizeof(temp)); |
| 688 | for (count = 0; count < sizeof(temp) - 1; count++) { |
| 689 | temp[count] = *b; |
| 690 | b++; |
| 691 | if (!isdigit(*b)) |
| 692 | break; |
| 693 | } |
| 694 | rc = kstrtou32(temp, 10, &ex.minor); |
| 695 | if (rc) |
| 696 | return -EINVAL; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 697 | } else { |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 698 | return -EINVAL; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 699 | } |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 700 | if (!isspace(*b)) |
| 701 | return -EINVAL; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 702 | for (b++, count = 0; count < 3; count++, b++) { |
| 703 | switch (*b) { |
| 704 | case 'r': |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 705 | ex.access |= ACC_READ; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 706 | break; |
| 707 | case 'w': |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 708 | ex.access |= ACC_WRITE; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 709 | break; |
| 710 | case 'm': |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 711 | ex.access |= ACC_MKNOD; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 712 | break; |
| 713 | case '\n': |
| 714 | case '\0': |
| 715 | count = 3; |
| 716 | break; |
| 717 | default: |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 718 | return -EINVAL; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 719 | } |
| 720 | } |
| 721 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 722 | switch (filetype) { |
| 723 | case DEVCG_ALLOW: |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 724 | /* |
| 725 | * If the default policy is to allow by default, try to remove |
| 726 | * an matching exception instead. And be silent about it: we |
| 727 | * don't want to break compatibility |
| 728 | */ |
Aristeu Rozanski | 5b7aa7d | 2012-10-25 13:37:38 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 729 | if (devcgroup->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW) { |
Aristeu Rozanski | d2c2b11 | 2014-05-05 11:18:59 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 730 | /* Check if the parent allows removing it first */ |
| 731 | if (!parent_allows_removal(devcgroup, &ex)) |
| 732 | return -EPERM; |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 733 | dev_exception_rm(devcgroup, &ex); |
Aristeu Rozanski | d2c2b11 | 2014-05-05 11:18:59 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 734 | break; |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 735 | } |
Aristeu Rozanski | d2c2b11 | 2014-05-05 11:18:59 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 736 | |
| 737 | if (!parent_has_perm(devcgroup, &ex)) |
| 738 | return -EPERM; |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 739 | rc = dev_exception_add(devcgroup, &ex); |
| 740 | break; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 741 | case DEVCG_DENY: |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 742 | /* |
| 743 | * If the default policy is to deny by default, try to remove |
| 744 | * an matching exception instead. And be silent about it: we |
| 745 | * don't want to break compatibility |
| 746 | */ |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 747 | if (devcgroup->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_DENY) |
Aristeu Rozanski | db9aeca | 2012-10-04 17:15:20 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 748 | dev_exception_rm(devcgroup, &ex); |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 749 | else |
| 750 | rc = dev_exception_add(devcgroup, &ex); |
| 751 | |
| 752 | if (rc) |
| 753 | break; |
| 754 | /* we only propagate new restrictions */ |
| 755 | rc = propagate_exception(devcgroup, &ex); |
| 756 | break; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 757 | default: |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 758 | rc = -EINVAL; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 759 | } |
Aristeu Rozanski | bd2953e | 2013-02-15 11:55:47 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 760 | return rc; |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 761 | } |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 762 | |
Tejun Heo | 451af50 | 2014-05-13 12:16:21 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 763 | static ssize_t devcgroup_access_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, |
| 764 | char *buf, size_t nbytes, loff_t off) |
Paul Menage | f92523e | 2008-07-25 01:47:03 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 765 | { |
| 766 | int retval; |
Li Zefan | b4046f0 | 2009-04-02 16:57:32 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 767 | |
| 768 | mutex_lock(&devcgroup_mutex); |
Tejun Heo | 451af50 | 2014-05-13 12:16:21 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 769 | retval = devcgroup_update_access(css_to_devcgroup(of_css(of)), |
| 770 | of_cft(of)->private, strstrip(buf)); |
Li Zefan | b4046f0 | 2009-04-02 16:57:32 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 771 | mutex_unlock(&devcgroup_mutex); |
Tejun Heo | 451af50 | 2014-05-13 12:16:21 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 772 | return retval ?: nbytes; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 773 | } |
| 774 | |
| 775 | static struct cftype dev_cgroup_files[] = { |
| 776 | { |
| 777 | .name = "allow", |
Tejun Heo | 451af50 | 2014-05-13 12:16:21 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 778 | .write = devcgroup_access_write, |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 779 | .private = DEVCG_ALLOW, |
| 780 | }, |
| 781 | { |
| 782 | .name = "deny", |
Tejun Heo | 451af50 | 2014-05-13 12:16:21 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 783 | .write = devcgroup_access_write, |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 784 | .private = DEVCG_DENY, |
| 785 | }, |
Serge E. Hallyn | 29486df | 2008-04-29 01:00:14 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 786 | { |
| 787 | .name = "list", |
Tejun Heo | 2da8ca8 | 2013-12-05 12:28:04 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 788 | .seq_show = devcgroup_seq_show, |
Serge E. Hallyn | 29486df | 2008-04-29 01:00:14 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 789 | .private = DEVCG_LIST, |
| 790 | }, |
Tejun Heo | 4baf6e3 | 2012-04-01 12:09:55 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 791 | { } /* terminate */ |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 792 | }; |
| 793 | |
Tejun Heo | 073219e | 2014-02-08 10:36:58 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 794 | struct cgroup_subsys devices_cgrp_subsys = { |
Tejun Heo | 92fb974 | 2012-11-19 08:13:38 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 795 | .css_alloc = devcgroup_css_alloc, |
| 796 | .css_free = devcgroup_css_free, |
Aristeu Rozanski | 1909554c | 2013-02-15 11:55:46 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 797 | .css_online = devcgroup_online, |
| 798 | .css_offline = devcgroup_offline, |
Tejun Heo | 5577964 | 2014-07-15 11:05:09 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 799 | .legacy_cftypes = dev_cgroup_files, |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 800 | }; |
| 801 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 802 | /** |
| 803 | * __devcgroup_check_permission - checks if an inode operation is permitted |
| 804 | * @dev_cgroup: the dev cgroup to be tested against |
| 805 | * @type: device type |
| 806 | * @major: device major number |
| 807 | * @minor: device minor number |
| 808 | * @access: combination of ACC_WRITE, ACC_READ and ACC_MKNOD |
| 809 | * |
| 810 | * returns 0 on success, -EPERM case the operation is not permitted |
| 811 | */ |
Jiri Slaby | 8c9506d | 2012-10-25 13:37:34 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 812 | static int __devcgroup_check_permission(short type, u32 major, u32 minor, |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 813 | short access) |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 814 | { |
Jiri Slaby | 8c9506d | 2012-10-25 13:37:34 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 815 | struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup; |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 816 | bool rc; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 817 | |
Pavel Emelyanov | 4efd1a1 | 2008-07-25 01:47:07 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 818 | rcu_read_lock(); |
Jiri Slaby | 8c9506d | 2012-10-25 13:37:34 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 819 | dev_cgroup = task_devcgroup(current); |
Aristeu Rozanski | 79d7197 | 2014-04-21 12:13:03 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 820 | if (dev_cgroup->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW) |
| 821 | /* Can't match any of the exceptions, even partially */ |
| 822 | rc = !match_exception_partial(&dev_cgroup->exceptions, |
| 823 | type, major, minor, access); |
| 824 | else |
| 825 | /* Need to match completely one exception to be allowed */ |
| 826 | rc = match_exception(&dev_cgroup->exceptions, type, major, |
| 827 | minor, access); |
Pavel Emelyanov | 4efd1a1 | 2008-07-25 01:47:07 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 828 | rcu_read_unlock(); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 829 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 830 | if (!rc) |
| 831 | return -EPERM; |
| 832 | |
| 833 | return 0; |
| 834 | } |
| 835 | |
| 836 | int __devcgroup_inode_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask) |
| 837 | { |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 838 | short type, access = 0; |
| 839 | |
| 840 | if (S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode)) |
| 841 | type = DEV_BLOCK; |
| 842 | if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode)) |
| 843 | type = DEV_CHAR; |
| 844 | if (mask & MAY_WRITE) |
| 845 | access |= ACC_WRITE; |
| 846 | if (mask & MAY_READ) |
| 847 | access |= ACC_READ; |
| 848 | |
Jiri Slaby | 8c9506d | 2012-10-25 13:37:34 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 849 | return __devcgroup_check_permission(type, imajor(inode), iminor(inode), |
| 850 | access); |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 851 | } |
| 852 | |
| 853 | int devcgroup_inode_mknod(int mode, dev_t dev) |
| 854 | { |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 855 | short type; |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 856 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | 0b82ac3 | 2009-01-07 18:07:46 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 857 | if (!S_ISBLK(mode) && !S_ISCHR(mode)) |
| 858 | return 0; |
| 859 | |
Aristeu Rozanski | ad67607 | 2012-10-04 17:15:17 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 860 | if (S_ISBLK(mode)) |
| 861 | type = DEV_BLOCK; |
| 862 | else |
| 863 | type = DEV_CHAR; |
Li Zefan | 36fd71d | 2008-09-02 14:35:52 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 864 | |
Jiri Slaby | 8c9506d | 2012-10-25 13:37:34 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 865 | return __devcgroup_check_permission(type, MAJOR(dev), MINOR(dev), |
| 866 | ACC_MKNOD); |
Li Zefan | 36fd71d | 2008-09-02 14:35:52 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 867 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | 08ce5f1 | 2008-04-29 01:00:10 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 868 | } |