server/site_utils.py

# Copyright (c) 2013 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.


import grp
import httplib
import json
import logging
import os
import random
import re
import time
import urllib2

import common
from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import base_utils
from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import error
from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import global_config
from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import host_queue_entry_states
from autotest_lib.server.cros.dynamic_suite import constants
from autotest_lib.server.cros.dynamic_suite import job_status

try:
    from chromite.lib import cros_build_lib
except ImportError:
    logging.warn('Unable to import chromite.')
    # Init the module variable to None. Access to this module can check if it
    # is not None before making calls.
    cros_build_lib = None


_SHERIFF_JS = global_config.global_config.get_config_value(
    'NOTIFICATIONS', 'sheriffs', default='')
_LAB_SHERIFF_JS = global_config.global_config.get_config_value(
    'NOTIFICATIONS', 'lab_sheriffs', default='')
_CHROMIUM_BUILD_URL = global_config.global_config.get_config_value(
    'NOTIFICATIONS', 'chromium_build_url', default='')

LAB_GOOD_STATES = ('open', 'throttled')


class TestLabException(Exception):
    """Exception raised when the Test Lab blocks a test or suite."""
    pass


class ParseBuildNameException(Exception):
    """Raised when ParseBuildName() cannot parse a build name."""
    pass


class Singleton(type):
    """Enforce that only one client class is instantiated per process."""
    _instances = {}

    def __call__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
        """Fetch the instance of a class to use for subsequent calls."""
        if cls not in cls._instances:
            cls._instances[cls] = super(Singleton, cls).__call__(
                    *args, **kwargs)
        return cls._instances[cls]


def ParseBuildName(name):
    """Format a build name, given board, type, milestone, and manifest num.

    @param name: a build name, e.g. 'x86-alex-release/R20-2015.0.0' or a
                 relative build name, e.g. 'x86-alex-release/LATEST'

    @return board: board the manifest is for, e.g. x86-alex.
    @return type: one of 'release', 'factory', or 'firmware'
    @return milestone: (numeric) milestone the manifest was associated with.
                        Will be None for relative build names.
    @return manifest: manifest number, e.g. '2015.0.0'.
                      Will be None for relative build names.

    """
    match = re.match(r'(trybot-)?(?P<board>[\w-]+)-(?P<type>\w+)/'
                     r'(R(?P<milestone>\d+)-(?P<manifest>[\d.ab-]+)|LATEST)',
                     name)
    if match and len(match.groups()) >= 5:
        return (match.group('board'), match.group('type'),
                match.group('milestone'), match.group('manifest'))
    raise ParseBuildNameException('%s is a malformed build name.' % name)


def get_labels_from_afe(hostname, label_prefix, afe):
    """Retrieve a host's specific labels from the AFE.

    Looks for the host labels that have the form <label_prefix>:<value>
    and returns the "<value>" part of the label. None is returned
    if there is not a label matching the pattern

    @param hostname: hostname of given DUT.
    @param label_prefix: prefix of label to be matched, e.g., |board:|
    @param afe: afe instance.

    @returns A list of labels that match the prefix or 'None'

    """
    labels = afe.get_labels(name__startswith=label_prefix,
                            host__hostname__in=[hostname])
    if labels:
        return [l.name.split(label_prefix, 1)[1] for l in labels]


def get_label_from_afe(hostname, label_prefix, afe):
    """Retrieve a host's specific label from the AFE.

    Looks for a host label that has the form <label_prefix>:<value>
    and returns the "<value>" part of the label. None is returned
    if there is not a label matching the pattern

    @param hostname: hostname of given DUT.
    @param label_prefix: prefix of label to be matched, e.g., |board:|
    @param afe: afe instance.
    @returns the label that matches the prefix or 'None'

    """
    labels = get_labels_from_afe(hostname, label_prefix, afe)
    if labels and len(labels) == 1:
        return labels[0]


def get_board_from_afe(hostname, afe):
    """Retrieve given host's board from its labels in the AFE.

    Looks for a host label of the form "board:<board>", and
    returns the "<board>" part of the label.  `None` is returned
    if there is not a single, unique label matching the pattern.

    @param hostname: hostname of given DUT.
    @param afe: afe instance.
    @returns board from label, or `None`.

    """
    return get_label_from_afe(hostname, constants.BOARD_PREFIX, afe)


def get_build_from_afe(hostname, afe):
    """Retrieve the current build for given host from the AFE.

    Looks through the host's labels in the AFE to determine its build.

    @param hostname: hostname of given DUT.
    @param afe: afe instance.
    @returns The current build or None if it could not find it or if there
             were multiple build labels assigned to this host.

    """
    return get_label_from_afe(hostname, constants.VERSION_PREFIX, afe)


def get_sheriffs(lab_only=False):
    """
    Polls the javascript file that holds the identity of the sheriff and
    parses it's output to return a list of chromium sheriff email addresses.
    The javascript file can contain the ldap of more than one sheriff, eg:
    document.write('sheriff_one, sheriff_two').

    @param lab_only: if True, only pulls lab sheriff.
    @return: A list of chroium.org sheriff email addresses to cc on the bug.
             An empty list if failed to parse the javascript.
    """
    sheriff_ids = []
    sheriff_js_list = _LAB_SHERIFF_JS.split(',')
    if not lab_only:
        sheriff_js_list.extend(_SHERIFF_JS.split(','))

    for sheriff_js in sheriff_js_list:
        try:
            url_content = base_utils.urlopen('%s%s'% (
                _CHROMIUM_BUILD_URL, sheriff_js)).read()
        except (ValueError, IOError) as e:
            logging.warning('could not parse sheriff from url %s%s: %s',
                             _CHROMIUM_BUILD_URL, sheriff_js, str(e))
        except (urllib2.URLError, httplib.HTTPException) as e:
            logging.warning('unexpected error reading from url "%s%s": %s',
                             _CHROMIUM_BUILD_URL, sheriff_js, str(e))
        else:
            ldaps = re.search(r"document.write\('(.*)'\)", url_content)
            if not ldaps:
                logging.warning('Could not retrieve sheriff ldaps for: %s',
                                 url_content)
                continue
            sheriff_ids += ['%s@chromium.org' % alias.replace(' ', '')
                            for alias in ldaps.group(1).split(',')]
    return sheriff_ids


def remote_wget(source_url, dest_path, ssh_cmd):
    """wget source_url from localhost to dest_path on remote host using ssh.

    @param source_url: The complete url of the source of the package to send.
    @param dest_path: The path on the remote host's file system where we would
        like to store the package.
    @param ssh_cmd: The ssh command to use in performing the remote wget.
    """
    wget_cmd = ("wget -O - %s | %s 'cat >%s'" %
                (source_url, ssh_cmd, dest_path))
    base_utils.run(wget_cmd)


_MAX_LAB_STATUS_ATTEMPTS = 5
def _get_lab_status(status_url):
    """Grabs the current lab status and message.

    @returns The JSON object obtained from the given URL.

    """
    retry_waittime = 1
    for _ in range(_MAX_LAB_STATUS_ATTEMPTS):
        try:
            response = urllib2.urlopen(status_url)
        except IOError as e:
            logging.debug('Error occurred when grabbing the lab status: %s.',
                          e)
            time.sleep(retry_waittime)
            continue
        # Check for successful response code.
        if response.getcode() == 200:
            return json.load(response)
        time.sleep(retry_waittime)
    return None


def _decode_lab_status(lab_status, build):
    """Decode lab status, and report exceptions as needed.

    Take a deserialized JSON object from the lab status page, and
    interpret it to determine the actual lab status.  Raise
    exceptions as required to report when the lab is down.

    @param build: build name that we want to check the status of.

    @raises TestLabException Raised if a request to test for the given
                             status and build should be blocked.
    """
    # First check if the lab is up.
    if not lab_status['general_state'] in LAB_GOOD_STATES:
        raise TestLabException('Chromium OS Test Lab is closed: '
                               '%s.' % lab_status['message'])

    # Check if the build we wish to use is disabled.
    # Lab messages should be in the format of:
    #    Lab is 'status' [regex ...] (comment)
    # If the build name matches any regex, it will be blocked.
    build_exceptions = re.search('\[(.*)\]', lab_status['message'])
    if not build_exceptions or not build:
        return
    for build_pattern in build_exceptions.group(1).split():
        if re.match(build_pattern, build):
            raise TestLabException('Chromium OS Test Lab is closed: '
                                   '%s matches %s.' % (
                                           build, build_pattern))
    return


def is_in_lab():
    """Check if current Autotest instance is in lab

    @return: True if the Autotest instance is in lab.
    """
    test_server_name = global_config.global_config.get_config_value(
              'SERVER', 'hostname')
    return test_server_name.startswith('cautotest')


def check_lab_status(build):
    """Check if the lab status allows us to schedule for a build.

    Checks if the lab is down, or if testing for the requested build
    should be blocked.

    @param build: Name of the build to be scheduled for testing.

    @raises TestLabException Raised if a request to test for the given
                             status and build should be blocked.

    """
    # Ensure we are trying to schedule on the actual lab.
    if not is_in_lab():
        return

    # Download the lab status from its home on the web.
    status_url = global_config.global_config.get_config_value(
            'CROS', 'lab_status_url')
    json_status = _get_lab_status(status_url)
    if json_status is None:
        # We go ahead and say the lab is open if we can't get the status.
        logging.warning('Could not get a status from %s', status_url)
        return
    _decode_lab_status(json_status, build)


def lock_host_with_labels(afe, lock_manager, labels):
    """Lookup and lock one host that matches the list of input labels.

    @param afe: An instance of the afe class, as defined in server.frontend.
    @param lock_manager: A lock manager capable of locking hosts, eg the
        one defined in server.cros.host_lock_manager.
    @param labels: A list of labels to look for on hosts.

    @return: The hostname of a host matching all labels, and locked through the
        lock_manager. The hostname will be as specified in the database the afe
        object is associated with, i.e if it exists in afe_hosts with a .cros
        suffix, the hostname returned will contain a .cros suffix.

    @raises: error.NoEligibleHostException: If no hosts matching the list of
        input labels are available.
    @raises: error.TestError: If unable to lock a host matching the labels.
    """
    potential_hosts = afe.get_hosts(multiple_labels=labels)
    if not potential_hosts:
        raise error.NoEligibleHostException(
                'No devices found with labels %s.' % labels)

    # This prevents errors where a fault might seem repeatable
    # because we lock, say, the same packet capturer for each test run.
    random.shuffle(potential_hosts)
    for host in potential_hosts:
        if lock_manager.lock([host.hostname]):
            logging.info('Locked device %s with labels %s.',
                         host.hostname, labels)
            return host.hostname
        else:
            logging.info('Unable to lock device %s with labels %s.',
                         host.hostname, labels)

    raise error.TestError('Could not lock a device with labels %s' % labels)


def get_test_views_from_tko(suite_job_id, tko):
    """Get test name and result for given suite job ID.

    @param suite_job_id: ID of suite job.
    @param tko: an instance of TKO as defined in server/frontend.py.
    @return: A dictionary of test status keyed by test name, e.g.,
             {'dummy_Fail.Error': 'ERROR', 'dummy_Fail.NAError': 'TEST_NA'}
    @raise: Exception when there is no test view found.

    """
    views = tko.run('get_detailed_test_views', afe_job_id=suite_job_id)
    relevant_views = filter(job_status.view_is_relevant, views)
    if not relevant_views:
        raise Exception('Failed to retrieve job results.')

    test_views = {}
    for view in relevant_views:
        test_views[view['test_name']] = view['status']

    return test_views


def parse_simple_config(config_file):
    """Get paths by parsing a simple config file.

    Each line of the config file is a path for a file or directory.
    Ignore an empty line and a line starting with a hash character ('#').
    One example of this kind of simple config file is
    client/common_lib/logs_to_collect.

    @param config_file: Config file path
    @return: A list of directory strings
    """
    dirs = []
    for l in open(config_file):
        l = l.strip()
        if l and not l.startswith('#'):
            dirs.append(l)
    return dirs


def concat_path_except_last(base, sub):
    """Concatenate two paths but exclude last entry.

    Take two paths as parameters and return a path string in which
    the second path becomes under the first path.
    In addition, remove the last path entry from the concatenated path.
    This works even when two paths are absolute paths.

    e.g., /usr/local/autotest/results/ + /var/log/ =
    /usr/local/autotest/results/var

    e.g., /usr/local/autotest/results/ + /var/log/syslog =
    /usr/local/autotest/results/var/log

    @param base: Beginning path
    @param sub: The path that is concatenated to base
    @return: Concatenated path string
    """
    dirname = os.path.dirname(sub.rstrip('/'))
    return os.path.join(base, dirname.strip('/'))


def get_data_key(prefix, suite, build, board):
    """
    Constructs a key string from parameters.

    @param prefix: Prefix for the generating key.
    @param suite: a suite name. e.g., bvt-cq, bvt-inline, dummy
    @param build: The build string. This string should have a consistent
        format eg: x86-mario-release/R26-3570.0.0. If the format of this
        string changes such that we can't determine build_type or branch
        we give up and use the parametes we're sure of instead (suite,
        board). eg:
            1. build = x86-alex-pgo-release/R26-3570.0.0
               branch = 26
               build_type = pgo-release
            2. build = lumpy-paladin/R28-3993.0.0-rc5
               branch = 28
               build_type = paladin
    @param board: The board that this suite ran on.
    @return: The key string used for a dictionary.
    """
    try:
        _board, build_type, branch = ParseBuildName(build)[:3]
    except ParseBuildNameException as e:
        logging.error(str(e))
        branch = 'Unknown'
        build_type = 'Unknown'
    else:
        embedded_str = re.search(r'x86-\w+-(.*)', _board)
        if embedded_str:
            build_type = embedded_str.group(1) + '-' + build_type

    data_key_dict = {
        'prefix': prefix,
        'board': board,
        'branch': branch,
        'build_type': build_type,
        'suite': suite,
    }
    return ('%(prefix)s.%(board)s.%(build_type)s.%(branch)s.%(suite)s'
            % data_key_dict)


def setup_logging(logfile=None, prefix=False):
    """Setup basic logging with all logging info stripped.

    Calls to logging will only show the message. No severity is logged.

    @param logfile: If specified dump output to a file as well.
    @param prefix: Flag for log prefix. Set to True to add prefix to log
        entries to include timestamp and log level. Default is False.
    """
    # Remove all existing handlers. client/common_lib/logging_config adds
    # a StreamHandler to logger when modules are imported, e.g.,
    # autotest_lib.client.bin.utils. A new StreamHandler will be added here to
    # log only messages, not severity.
    logging.getLogger().handlers = []

    if prefix:
        log_format = '%(asctime)s %(levelname)-5s| %(message)s'
    else:
        log_format = '%(message)s'

    screen_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
    screen_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(log_format))
    logging.getLogger().addHandler(screen_handler)
    logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.INFO)
    if logfile:
        file_handler = logging.FileHandler(logfile)
        file_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(log_format))
        file_handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
        logging.getLogger().addHandler(file_handler)


def is_shard():
    """Determines if this instance is running as a shard.

    Reads the global_config value shard_hostname in the section SHARD.

    @return True, if shard_hostname is set, False otherwise.
    """
    hostname = global_config.global_config.get_config_value(
            'SHARD', 'shard_hostname', default=None)
    return bool(hostname)


def get_global_afe_hostname():
    """Read the hostname of the global AFE from the global configuration."""
    return global_config.global_config.get_config_value(
            'SERVER', 'global_afe_hostname')


def is_restricted_user(username):
    """Determines if a user is in a restricted group.

    User in restricted group only have access to master.

    @param username: A string, representing a username.

    @returns: True if the user is in a restricted group.
    """
    if not username:
        return False

    restricted_groups = global_config.global_config.get_config_value(
            'AUTOTEST_WEB', 'restricted_groups', default='').split(',')
    for group in restricted_groups:
        if group and username in grp.getgrnam(group).gr_mem:
            return True
    return False


def get_special_task_status(is_complete, success, is_active):
    """Get the status of a special task.

    Emulate a host queue entry status for a special task
    Although SpecialTasks are not HostQueueEntries, it is helpful to
    the user to present similar statuses.

    @param is_complete    Boolean if the task is completed.
    @param success        Boolean if the task succeeded.
    @param is_active      Boolean if the task is active.

    @return The status of a special task.
    """
    if is_complete:
        if success:
            return host_queue_entry_states.Status.COMPLETED
        return host_queue_entry_states.Status.FAILED
    if is_active:
        return host_queue_entry_states.Status.RUNNING
    return host_queue_entry_states.Status.QUEUED


def get_special_task_exec_path(hostname, task_id, task_name, time_requested):
    """Get the execution path of the SpecialTask.

    This method returns different paths depending on where a
    the task ran:
        * Master: hosts/hostname/task_id-task_type
        * Shard: Master_path/time_created
    This is to work around the fact that a shard can fail independent
    of the master, and be replaced by another shard that has the same
    hosts. Without the time_created stamp the logs of the tasks running
    on the second shard will clobber the logs from the first in google
    storage, because task ids are not globally unique.

    @param hostname        Hostname
    @param task_id         Special task id
    @param task_name       Special task name (e.g., Verify, Repair, etc)
    @param time_requested  Special task requested time.

    @return An execution path for the task.
    """
    results_path = 'hosts/%s/%s-%s' % (hostname, task_id, task_name.lower())

    # If we do this on the master it will break backward compatibility,
    # as there are tasks that currently don't have timestamps. If a host
    # or job has been sent to a shard, the rpc for that host/job will
    # be redirected to the shard, so this global_config check will happen
    # on the shard the logs are on.
    if not is_shard():
        return results_path

    # Generate a uid to disambiguate special task result directories
    # in case this shard fails. The simplest uid is the job_id, however
    # in rare cases tasks do not have jobs associated with them (eg:
    # frontend verify), so just use the creation timestamp. The clocks
    # between a shard and master should always be in sync. Any discrepancies
    # will be brought to our attention in the form of job timeouts.
    uid = time_requested.strftime('%Y%d%m%H%M%S')

    # TODO: This is a hack, however it is the easiest way to achieve
    # correctness. There is currently some debate over the future of
    # tasks in our infrastructure and refactoring everything right
    # now isn't worth the time.
    return '%s/%s' % (results_path, uid)


def get_job_tag(id, owner):
    """Returns a string tag for a job.

    @param id    Job id
    @param owner Job owner

    """
    return '%s-%s' % (id, owner)


def get_hqe_exec_path(tag, execution_subdir):
    """Returns a execution path to a HQE's results.

    @param tag               Tag string for a job associated with a HQE.
    @param execution_subdir  Execution sub-directory string of a HQE.

    """
    return os.path.join(tag, execution_subdir)


def is_inside_chroot():
    """Check if the process is running inside chroot.

    This is a wrapper around chromite.lib.cros_build_lib.IsInsideChroot(). The
    method checks if cros_build_lib can be imported first.

    @return: True if the process is running inside chroot or cros_build_lib
             cannot be imported.

    """
    return not cros_build_lib or cros_build_lib.IsInsideChroot()


def parse_job_name(name):
    """Parse job name to get information including build, board and suite etc.

    Suite job created by run_suite follows the naming convention of:
    [build]-test_suites/control.[suite]
    For example: lumpy-release/R46-7272.0.0-test_suites/control.bvt
    The naming convention is defined in site_rpc_interface.create_suite_job.

    Test job created by suite job follows the naming convention of:
    [build]/[suite]/[test name]
    For example: lumpy-release/R46-7272.0.0/bvt/login_LoginSuccess
    The naming convention is defined in
    server/cros/dynamic_suite/tools.create_job_name

    Note that pgo and chrome-perf builds will fail the method. Since lab does
    not run test for these builds, they can be ignored.

    @param name: Name of the job.

    @return: A dictionary containing the test information. The keyvals include:
             build: Name of the build, e.g., lumpy-release/R46-7272.0.0
             build_version: The version of the build, e.g., R46-7272.0.0
             board: Name of the board, e.g., lumpy
             suite: Name of the test suite, e.g., bvt

    """
    info = {}
    suite_job_regex = '([^/]*/[^/]*)-test_suites/control\.(.*)'
    test_job_regex = '([^/]*/[^/]*)/([^/]+)/.*'
    match = re.match(suite_job_regex, name)
    if not match:
        match = re.match(test_job_regex, name)
    if match:
        info['build'] = match.groups()[0]
        info['suite'] = match.groups()[1]
        info['build_version'] = info['build'].split('/')[1]
        try:
            info['board'], _, _, _ = ParseBuildName(info['build'])
        except ParseBuildNameException:
            pass
    return info


def add_label_detector(label_function_list, label_list=None, label=None):
    """Decorator used to group functions together into the provided list.

    This is a helper function to automatically add label functions that have
    the label decorator.  This is to help populate the class list of label
    functions to be retrieved by the get_labels class method.

    @param label_function_list: List of label detecting functions to add
                                decorated function to.
    @param label_list: List of detectable labels to add detectable labels to.
                       (Default: None)
    @param label: Label string that is detectable by this detection function
                  (Default: None)
    """
    def add_func(func):
        """
        @param func: The function to be added as a detector.
        """
        label_function_list.append(func)
        if label and label_list is not None:
            label_list.append(label)
        return func
    return add_func


def verify_not_root_user():
    """Simple function to error out if running with uid == 0"""
    if os.getuid() == 0:
        raise error.IllegalUser('This script can not be ran as root.')


def get_hostname_from_machine(machine):
    """Lookup hostname from a machine string or dict.

    @returns: Machine hostname in string format.
    """
    hostname, _ = get_host_info_from_machine(machine)
    return hostname


def get_host_info_from_machine(machine):
    """Lookup host information from a machine string or dict.

    @returns: Tuple of (hostname, host_attributes)
    """
    if isinstance(machine, dict):
        return (machine['hostname'], machine['host_attributes'])
    else:
        return (machine, {})


def get_creds_abspath(creds_file):
    """Returns the abspath of the credentials file.

    If creds_file is already an absolute path, just return it.
    Otherwise, assume it is located in the creds directory
    specified in global_config and return the absolute path.

    @param: creds_path, a path to the credentials.
    @return: An absolute path to the credentials file.
    """
    if not creds_file:
        return None
    if os.path.isabs(creds_file):
        return creds_file
    creds_dir = global_config.global_config.get_config_value(
            'SERVER', 'creds_dir', default='')
    if not creds_dir or not os.path.exists(creds_dir):
        creds_dir = common.autotest_dir
    return os.path.join(creds_dir, creds_file)


def machine_is_testbed(machine):
    """Checks if the machine is a testbed.

    The signal we use to determine if the machine is a testbed
    is if the host attributes contain more than 1 serial.

    @param machine: is a list of dicts

    @return: True if the machine is a testbed, False otherwise.
    """
    _, attributes = get_host_info_from_machine(machine)
    if len(attributes.get('serials', '').split(',')) > 1:
        return True
    return False