test/test_crypto.py

# Copyright (C) Jean-Paul Calderone 2008, All rights reserved

"""
Unit tests for L{OpenSSL.crypto}.
"""

from unittest import main

import os, re
from os import popen2
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

from OpenSSL.crypto import TYPE_RSA, TYPE_DSA, Error, PKey, PKeyType
from OpenSSL.crypto import X509, X509Type, X509Name, X509NameType
from OpenSSL.crypto import X509Req, X509ReqType
from OpenSSL.crypto import X509Extension, X509ExtensionType
from OpenSSL.crypto import load_certificate, load_privatekey
from OpenSSL.crypto import FILETYPE_PEM, FILETYPE_ASN1, FILETYPE_TEXT
from OpenSSL.crypto import dump_certificate, load_certificate_request
from OpenSSL.crypto import dump_certificate_request, dump_privatekey
from OpenSSL.crypto import PKCS7Type, load_pkcs7_data
from OpenSSL.crypto import PKCS12Type, load_pkcs12, PKCS12
from OpenSSL.crypto import NetscapeSPKI, NetscapeSPKIType
from OpenSSL.test.util import TestCase


root_cert_pem = """-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
"""

root_key_pem = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
"""

server_cert_pem = """-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
"""

server_key_pem = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
"""

client_cert_pem = """-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
"""

client_key_pem = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MIICXgIBAAKBgQDAZh/SRtNm5ntMT4qb6YzEpTroMlq2rn+GrRHRiZ+xkCw/CGNh
btPir7/QxaUj26BSmQrHw1bGKEbPsWiW7bdXSespl+xKiku4G/KvnnmWdeJHqsiX
eUZtqurMELcPQAw9xPHEuhqqUJvvEoMTsnCEqGM+7DtboCRajYyHfluARQIDAQAB
AoGATkZ+NceY5Glqyl4mD06SdcKfV65814vg2EL7V9t8+/mi9rYL8KztSXGlQWPX
zuHgtRoMl78yQ4ZJYOBVo+nsx8KZNRCEBlE19bamSbQLCeQMenWnpeYyQUZ908gF
h6L9qsFVJepgA9RDgAjyDoS5CaWCdCCPCH2lDkdcqC54SVUCQQDseuduc4wi8h4t
V8AahUn9fn9gYfhoNuM0gdguTA0nPLVWz4hy1yJiWYQe0H7NLNNTmCKiLQaJpAbb
TC6vE8C7AkEA0Ee8CMJUc20BnGEmxwgWcVuqFWaKCo8jTH1X38FlATUsyR3krjW2
dL3yDD9NwHxsYP7nTKp/U8MV7U9IBn4y/wJBAJl7H0/BcLeRmuJk7IqJ7b635iYB
D/9beFUw3MUXmQXZUfyYz39xf6CDZsu1GEdEC5haykeln3Of4M9d/4Kj+FcCQQCY
si6xwT7GzMDkk/ko684AV3KPc/h6G0yGtFIrMg7J3uExpR/VdH2KgwMkZXisSMvw
JJEQjOMCVsEJlRk54WWjAkEAzoZNH6UhDdBK5F38rVt/y4SEHgbSfJHIAmPS32Kq
f6GGcfNpip0Uk7q7udTKuX7Q/buZi/C4YW7u3VKAquv9NA==
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
"""

cleartextCertificatePEM = """-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
"""

cleartextPrivateKeyPEM = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
"""

cleartextCertificateRequestPEM = (
    "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----\n"
    "MIIBnjCCAQcCAQAwXjELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxCzAJBgNVBAgTAklMMRAwDgYDVQQH\n"
    "EwdDaGljYWdvMRcwFQYDVQQKEw5NeSBDb21wYW55IEx0ZDEXMBUGA1UEAxMORnJl\n"
    "ZGVyaWNrIERlYW4wgZ8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADgY0AMIGJAoGBANp6Y17WzKSw\n"
    "BsUWkXdqg6tnXy8H8hA1msCMWpc+/2KJ4mbv5NyD6UD+/SqagQqulPbF/DFea9nA\n"
    "E0zhmHJELcM8gUTIlXv/cgDWnmK4xj8YkjVUiCdqKRAKeuzLG1pGmwwF5lGeJpXN\n"
    "xQn5ecR0UYSOWj6TTGXB9VyUMQzCClcBAgMBAAGgADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFAAOB\n"
    "gQAAJGuF/R/GGbeC7FbFW+aJgr9ee0Xbl6nlhu7pTe67k+iiKT2dsl2ti68MVTnu\n"
    "Vrb3HUNqOkiwsJf6kCtq5oPn3QVYzTa76Dt2y3Rtzv6boRSlmlfrgS92GNma8JfR\n"
    "oICQk3nAudi6zl1Dix3BCv1pUp5KMtGn3MeDEi6QFGy2rA==\n"
    "-----END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----\n")

encryptedPrivateKeyPEM = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED
DEK-Info: DES-EDE3-CBC,9573604A18579E9E

SHOho56WxDkT0ht10UTeKc0F5u8cqIa01kzFAmETw0MAs8ezYtK15NPdCXUm3X/2
a17G7LSF5bkxOgZ7vpXyMzun/owrj7CzvLxyncyEFZWvtvzaAhPhvTJtTIB3kf8B
8+qRcpTGK7NgXEgYBW5bj1y4qZkD4zCL9o9NQzsKI3Ie8i0239jsDOWR38AxjXBH
mGwAQ4Z6ZN5dnmM4fhMIWsmFf19sNyAML4gHenQCHhmXbjXeVq47aC2ProInJbrm
+00TcisbAQ40V9aehVbcDKtS4ZbMVDwncAjpXpcncC54G76N6j7F7wL7L/FuXa3A
fvSVy9n2VfF/pJ3kYSflLHH2G/DFxjF7dl0GxhKPxJjp3IJi9VtuvmN9R2jZWLQF
tfC8dXgy/P9CfFQhlinqBTEwgH0oZ/d4k4NVFDSdEMaSdmBAjlHpc+Vfdty3HVnV
rKXj//wslsFNm9kIwJGIgKUa/n2jsOiydrsk1mgH7SmNCb3YHgZhbbnq0qLat/HC
gHDt3FHpNQ31QzzL3yrenFB2L9osIsnRsDTPFNi4RX4SpDgNroxOQmyzCCV6H+d4
o1mcnNiZSdxLZxVKccq0AfRpHqpPAFnJcQHP6xyT9MZp6fBa0XkxDnt9kNU8H3Qw
7SJWZ69VXjBUzMlQViLuaWMgTnL+ZVyFZf9hTF7U/ef4HMLMAVNdiaGG+G+AjCV/
MbzjS007Oe4qqBnCWaFPSnJX6uLApeTbqAxAeyCql56ULW5x6vDMNC3dwjvS/CEh
11n8RkgFIQA0AhuKSIg3CbuartRsJnWOLwgLTzsrKYL4yRog1RJrtw==
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
"""
encryptedPrivateKeyPEMPassphrase = "foobar"

# Some PKCS#7 stuff.  Generated with the openssl command line:
#
#    openssl crl2pkcs7 -inform pem -outform pem -certfile s.pem -nocrl
#
# with a certificate and key (but the key should be irrelevant) in s.pem
pkcs7Data = """\
-----BEGIN PKCS7-----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-----END PKCS7-----
"""


class X509ExtTests(TestCase):
    """
    Tests for L{OpenSSL.crypto.X509Extension}.
    """

    def setUp(self):
        """
        Create a new private key and start a certificate request (for a test
        method to finish in one way or another).
        """
        # Basic setup stuff to generate a certificate
        self.pkey = PKey()
        self.pkey.generate_key(TYPE_RSA, 384)
        self.req = X509Req()
        self.req.set_pubkey(self.pkey)
        # Authority good you have.
        self.req.get_subject().commonName = "Yoda root CA"
        self.x509 = X509()
        self.subject = self.x509.get_subject()
        self.subject.commonName = self.req.get_subject().commonName
        self.x509.set_issuer(self.subject)
        self.x509.set_pubkey(self.pkey)
        now = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%SZ")
        expire  = (datetime.now() + timedelta(days=100)).strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%SZ")
        self.x509.set_notBefore(now)
        self.x509.set_notAfter(expire)


    def test_type(self):
        """
        L{X509Extension} and L{X509ExtensionType} refer to the same type object
        and can be used to create instances of that type.
        """
        self.assertIdentical(X509Extension, X509ExtensionType)
        self.assertConsistentType(
            X509Extension, 'X509Extension', 'basicConstraints', True, 'CA:true')


    def test_construction(self):
        """
        L{X509Extension} accepts an extension type name, a critical flag,
        and an extension value and returns an L{X509ExtensionType} instance.
        """
        basic = X509Extension('basicConstraints', True, 'CA:true')
        self.assertTrue(
            isinstance(basic, X509ExtensionType),
            "%r is of type %r, should be %r" % (
                basic, type(basic), X509ExtensionType))

        comment = X509Extension('nsComment', False, 'pyOpenSSL unit test')
        self.assertTrue(
            isinstance(comment, X509ExtensionType),
            "%r is of type %r, should be %r" % (
                comment, type(comment), X509ExtensionType))


    def test_invalid_extension(self):
        """
        L{X509Extension} raises something if it is passed a bad extension
        name or value.
        """
        self.assertRaises(
            Error, X509Extension, 'thisIsMadeUp', False, 'hi')
        self.assertRaises(
            Error, X509Extension, 'basicConstraints', False, 'blah blah')

        # Exercise a weird one (an extension which uses the r2i method).  This
        # exercises the codepath that requires a non-NULL ctx to be passed to
        # X509V3_EXT_nconf.  It can't work now because we provide no
        # configuration database.  It might be made to work in the future.
        self.assertRaises(
            Error, X509Extension, 'proxyCertInfo', True,
            'language:id-ppl-anyLanguage,pathlen:1,policy:text:AB')


    def test_get_critical(self):
        """
        L{X509ExtensionType.get_critical} returns the value of the
        extension's critical flag.
        """
        ext = X509Extension('basicConstraints', True, 'CA:true')
        self.assertTrue(ext.get_critical())
        ext = X509Extension('basicConstraints', False, 'CA:true')
        self.assertFalse(ext.get_critical())


    def test_get_short_name(self):
        """
        L{X509ExtensionType.get_short_name} returns a string giving the short
        type name of the extension.
        """
        ext = X509Extension('basicConstraints', True, 'CA:true')
        self.assertEqual(ext.get_short_name(), 'basicConstraints')
        ext = X509Extension('nsComment', True, 'foo bar')
        self.assertEqual(ext.get_short_name(), 'nsComment')


    def test_unused_subject(self):
        """
        The C{subject} parameter to L{X509Extension} may be provided for an
        extension which does not use it and is ignored in this case.
        """
        ext1 = X509Extension('basicConstraints', False, 'CA:TRUE', subject=self.x509)
        self.x509.add_extensions([ext1])
        self.x509.sign(self.pkey, 'sha1')
        # This is a little lame.  Can we think of a better way?
        text = dump_certificate(FILETYPE_TEXT, self.x509)
        self.assertTrue('X509v3 Basic Constraints:' in text)
        self.assertTrue('CA:TRUE' in text)


    def test_subject(self):
        """
        If an extension requires a subject, the C{subject} parameter to
        L{X509Extension} provides its value.
        """
        ext3 = X509Extension('subjectKeyIdentifier', False, 'hash', subject=self.x509)
        self.x509.add_extensions([ext3])
        self.x509.sign(self.pkey, 'sha1')
        text = dump_certificate(FILETYPE_TEXT, self.x509)
        self.assertTrue('X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:' in text)


    def test_missing_subject(self):
        """
        If an extension requires a subject and the C{subject} parameter is
        given no value, something happens.
        """
        self.assertRaises(
            Error, X509Extension, 'subjectKeyIdentifier', False, 'hash')


    def test_invalid_subject(self):
        """
        If the C{subject} parameter is given a value which is not an L{X509}
        instance, L{TypeError} is raised.
        """
        for badObj in [True, object(), "hello", [], self]:
            self.assertRaises(
                TypeError,
                X509Extension,
                'basicConstraints', False, 'CA:TRUE', subject=badObj)


    def test_unused_issuer(self):
        """
        The C{issuer} parameter to L{X509Extension} may be provided for an
        extension which does not use it and is ignored in this case.
        """
        ext1 = X509Extension('basicConstraints', False, 'CA:TRUE', issuer=self.x509)
        self.x509.add_extensions([ext1])
        self.x509.sign(self.pkey, 'sha1')
        text = dump_certificate(FILETYPE_TEXT, self.x509)
        self.assertTrue('X509v3 Basic Constraints:' in text)
        self.assertTrue('CA:TRUE' in text)


    def test_issuer(self):
        """
        If an extension requires a issuer, the C{issuer} parameter to
        L{X509Extension} provides its value.
        """
        ext2 = X509Extension(
            'authorityKeyIdentifier', False, 'issuer:always',
            issuer=self.x509)
        self.x509.add_extensions([ext2])
        self.x509.sign(self.pkey, 'sha1')
        text = dump_certificate(FILETYPE_TEXT, self.x509)
        self.assertTrue('X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:' in text)
        self.assertTrue('DirName:/CN=Yoda root CA' in text)


    def test_missing_issuer(self):
        """
        If an extension requires an issue and the C{issuer} parameter is given
        no value, something happens.
        """
        self.assertRaises(
            Error,
            X509Extension,
            'authorityKeyIdentifier', False, 'keyid:always,issuer:always')


    def test_invalid_issuer(self):
        """
        If the C{issuer} parameter is given a value which is not an L{X509}
        instance, L{TypeError} is raised.
        """
        for badObj in [True, object(), "hello", [], self]:
            self.assertRaises(
                TypeError,
                X509Extension,
                'authorityKeyIdentifier', False, 'keyid:always,issuer:always',
                issuer=badObj)



class PKeyTests(TestCase):
    """
    Unit tests for L{OpenSSL.crypto.PKey}.
    """
    def test_type(self):
        """
        L{PKey} and L{PKeyType} refer to the same type object and can be used
        to create instances of that type.
        """
        self.assertIdentical(PKey, PKeyType)
        self.assertConsistentType(PKey, 'PKey')


    def test_construction(self):
        """
        L{PKey} takes no arguments and returns a new L{PKey} instance.
        """
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, PKey, None)
        key = PKey()
        self.assertTrue(
            isinstance(key, PKeyType),
            "%r is of type %r, should be %r" % (key, type(key), PKeyType))


    def test_pregeneration(self):
        """
        L{PKeyType.bits} and L{PKeyType.type} return C{0} before the key is
        generated.
        """
        key = PKey()
        self.assertEqual(key.type(), 0)
        self.assertEqual(key.bits(), 0)


    def test_failedGeneration(self):
        """
        L{PKeyType.generate_key} takes two arguments, the first giving the key
        type as one of L{TYPE_RSA} or L{TYPE_DSA} and the second giving the
        number of bits to generate.  If an invalid type is specified or
        generation fails, L{Error} is raised.  If an invalid number of bits is
        specified, L{ValueError} or L{Error} is raised.
        """
        key = PKey()
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, key.generate_key)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, key.generate_key, 1, 2, 3)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, key.generate_key, "foo", "bar")
        self.assertRaises(Error, key.generate_key, -1, 0)

        self.assertRaises(ValueError, key.generate_key, TYPE_RSA, -1)
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, key.generate_key, TYPE_RSA, 0)

        # XXX RSA generation for small values of bits is fairly buggy in a wide
        # range of OpenSSL versions.  I need to figure out what the safe lower
        # bound for a reasonable number of OpenSSL versions is and explicitly
        # check for that in the wrapper.  The failure behavior is typically an
        # infinite loop inside OpenSSL.

        # self.assertRaises(Error, key.generate_key, TYPE_RSA, 2)

        # XXX DSA generation seems happy with any number of bits.  The DSS
        # says bits must be between 512 and 1024 inclusive.  OpenSSL's DSA
        # generator doesn't seem to care about the upper limit at all.  For
        # the lower limit, it uses 512 if anything smaller is specified.
        # So, it doesn't seem possible to make generate_key fail for
        # TYPE_DSA with a bits argument which is at least an int.

        # self.assertRaises(Error, key.generate_key, TYPE_DSA, -7)


    def test_rsaGeneration(self):
        """
        L{PKeyType.generate_key} generates an RSA key when passed
        L{TYPE_RSA} as a type and a reasonable number of bits.
        """
        bits = 128
        key = PKey()
        key.generate_key(TYPE_RSA, bits)
        self.assertEqual(key.type(), TYPE_RSA)
        self.assertEqual(key.bits(), bits)


    def test_dsaGeneration(self):
        """
        L{PKeyType.generate_key} generates a DSA key when passed
        L{TYPE_DSA} as a type and a reasonable number of bits.
        """
        # 512 is a magic number.  The DSS (Digital Signature Standard)
        # allows a minimum of 512 bits for DSA.  DSA_generate_parameters
        # will silently promote any value below 512 to 512.
        bits = 512
        key = PKey()
        key.generate_key(TYPE_DSA, bits)
        self.assertEqual(key.type(), TYPE_DSA)
        self.assertEqual(key.bits(), bits)


    def test_regeneration(self):
        """
        L{PKeyType.generate_key} can be called multiple times on the same
        key to generate new keys.
        """
        key = PKey()
        for type, bits in [(TYPE_RSA, 512), (TYPE_DSA, 576)]:
             key.generate_key(type, bits)
             self.assertEqual(key.type(), type)
             self.assertEqual(key.bits(), bits)



class X509NameTests(TestCase):
    """
    Unit tests for L{OpenSSL.crypto.X509Name}.
    """
    def _x509name(self, **attrs):
        # XXX There's no other way to get a new X509Name yet.
        name = X509().get_subject()
        attrs = attrs.items()
        # Make the order stable - order matters!
        attrs.sort(lambda (k1, v1), (k2, v2): cmp(v1, v2))
        for k, v in attrs:
            setattr(name, k, v)
        return name


    def test_type(self):
        """
        The type of X509Name objects is L{X509NameType}.
        """
        self.assertIdentical(X509Name, X509NameType)
        self.assertEqual(X509NameType.__name__, 'X509Name')
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(X509NameType, type))

        name = self._x509name()
        self.assertTrue(
            isinstance(name, X509NameType),
            "%r is of type %r, should be %r" % (
                name, type(name), X509NameType))


    def test_attributes(self):
        """
        L{X509NameType} instances have attributes for each standard (?)
        X509Name field.
        """
        name = self._x509name()
        name.commonName = "foo"
        self.assertEqual(name.commonName, "foo")
        self.assertEqual(name.CN, "foo")
        name.CN = "baz"
        self.assertEqual(name.commonName, "baz")
        self.assertEqual(name.CN, "baz")
        name.commonName = "bar"
        self.assertEqual(name.commonName, "bar")
        self.assertEqual(name.CN, "bar")
        name.CN = "quux"
        self.assertEqual(name.commonName, "quux")
        self.assertEqual(name.CN, "quux")


    def test_copy(self):
        """
        L{X509Name} creates a new L{X509NameType} instance with all the same
        attributes as an existing L{X509NameType} instance when called with
        one.
        """
        name = self._x509name(commonName="foo", emailAddress="bar@example.com")

        copy = X509Name(name)
        self.assertEqual(copy.commonName, "foo")
        self.assertEqual(copy.emailAddress, "bar@example.com")

        # Mutate the copy and ensure the original is unmodified.
        copy.commonName = "baz"
        self.assertEqual(name.commonName, "foo")

        # Mutate the original and ensure the copy is unmodified.
        name.emailAddress = "quux@example.com"
        self.assertEqual(copy.emailAddress, "bar@example.com")


    def test_repr(self):
        """
        L{repr} passed an L{X509NameType} instance should return a string
        containing a description of the type and the NIDs which have been set
        on it.
        """
        name = self._x509name(commonName="foo", emailAddress="bar")
        self.assertEqual(
            repr(name),
            "<X509Name object '/emailAddress=bar/CN=foo'>")


    def test_comparison(self):
        """
        L{X509NameType} instances should compare based on their NIDs.
        """
        def _equality(a, b, assertTrue, assertFalse):
            assertTrue(a == b, "(%r == %r) --> False" % (a, b))
            assertFalse(a != b)
            assertTrue(b == a)
            assertFalse(b != a)

        def assertEqual(a, b):
            _equality(a, b, self.assertTrue, self.assertFalse)

        # Instances compare equal to themselves.
        name = self._x509name()
        assertEqual(name, name)

        # Empty instances should compare equal to each other.
        assertEqual(self._x509name(), self._x509name())

        # Instances with equal NIDs should compare equal to each other.
        assertEqual(self._x509name(commonName="foo"),
                    self._x509name(commonName="foo"))

        # Instance with equal NIDs set using different aliases should compare
        # equal to each other.
        assertEqual(self._x509name(commonName="foo"),
                    self._x509name(CN="foo"))

        # Instances with more than one NID with the same values should compare
        # equal to each other.
        assertEqual(self._x509name(CN="foo", organizationalUnitName="bar"),
                    self._x509name(commonName="foo", OU="bar"))

        def assertNotEqual(a, b):
            _equality(a, b, self.assertFalse, self.assertTrue)

        # Instances with different values for the same NID should not compare
        # equal to each other.
        assertNotEqual(self._x509name(CN="foo"),
                       self._x509name(CN="bar"))

        # Instances with different NIDs should not compare equal to each other.
        assertNotEqual(self._x509name(CN="foo"),
                       self._x509name(OU="foo"))

        def _inequality(a, b, assertTrue, assertFalse):
            assertTrue(a < b)
            assertTrue(a <= b)
            assertTrue(b > a)
            assertTrue(b >= a)
            assertFalse(a > b)
            assertFalse(a >= b)
            assertFalse(b < a)
            assertFalse(b <= a)

        def assertLessThan(a, b):
            _inequality(a, b, self.assertTrue, self.assertFalse)

        # An X509Name with a NID with a value which sorts less than the value
        # of the same NID on another X509Name compares less than the other
        # X509Name.
        assertLessThan(self._x509name(CN="abc"),
                       self._x509name(CN="def"))

        def assertGreaterThan(a, b):
            _inequality(a, b, self.assertFalse, self.assertTrue)

        # An X509Name with a NID with a value which sorts greater than the
        # value of the same NID on another X509Name compares greater than the
        # other X509Name.
        assertGreaterThan(self._x509name(CN="def"),
                          self._x509name(CN="abc"))


    def test_hash(self):
        """
        L{X509Name.hash} returns an integer hash based on the value of the
        name.
        """
        a = self._x509name(CN="foo")
        b = self._x509name(CN="foo")
        self.assertEqual(a.hash(), b.hash())
        a.CN = "bar"
        self.assertNotEqual(a.hash(), b.hash())


    def test_der(self):
        """
        L{X509Name.der} returns the DER encoded form of the name.
        """
        a = self._x509name(CN="foo", C="US")
        self.assertEqual(
            a.der(),
            '0\x1b1\x0b0\t\x06\x03U\x04\x06\x13\x02US'
            '1\x0c0\n\x06\x03U\x04\x03\x13\x03foo')


    def test_get_components(self):
        """
        L{X509Name.get_components} returns a C{list} of two-tuples of C{str}
        giving the NIDs and associated values which make up the name.
        """
        a = self._x509name()
        self.assertEqual(a.get_components(), [])
        a.CN = "foo"
        self.assertEqual(a.get_components(), [("CN", "foo")])
        a.organizationalUnitName = "bar"
        self.assertEqual(
            a.get_components(),
            [("CN", "foo"), ("OU", "bar")])


class _PKeyInteractionTestsMixin:
    """
    Tests which involve another thing and a PKey.
    """
    def signable(self):
        """
        Return something with a C{set_pubkey}, C{set_pubkey}, and C{sign} method.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError()


    def test_signWithUngenerated(self):
        """
        L{X509Req.sign} raises L{ValueError} when pass a L{PKey} with no parts.
        """
        request = self.signable()
        key = PKey()
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, request.sign, key, 'MD5')


    def test_signWithPublicKey(self):
        """
        L{X509Req.sign} raises L{ValueError} when pass a L{PKey} with no
        private part as the signing key.
        """
        request = self.signable()
        key = PKey()
        key.generate_key(TYPE_RSA, 512)
        request.set_pubkey(key)
        pub = request.get_pubkey()
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, request.sign, pub, 'MD5')



class X509ReqTests(TestCase, _PKeyInteractionTestsMixin):
    """
    Tests for L{OpenSSL.crypto.X509Req}.
    """
    def signable(self):
        """
        Create and return a new L{X509Req}.
        """
        return X509Req()


    def test_type(self):
        """
        L{X509Req} and L{X509ReqType} refer to the same type object and can be
        used to create instances of that type.
        """
        self.assertIdentical(X509Req, X509ReqType)
        self.assertConsistentType(X509Req, 'X509Req')


    def test_construction(self):
        """
        L{X509Req} takes no arguments and returns an L{X509ReqType} instance.
        """
        request = X509Req()
        self.assertTrue(
            isinstance(request, X509ReqType),
            "%r is of type %r, should be %r" % (request, type(request), X509ReqType))


    def test_version(self):
        """
        L{X509ReqType.set_version} sets the X.509 version of the certificate
        request.  L{X509ReqType.get_version} returns the X.509 version of
        the certificate request.  The initial value of the version is 0.
        """
        request = X509Req()
        self.assertEqual(request.get_version(), 0)
        request.set_version(1)
        self.assertEqual(request.get_version(), 1)
        request.set_version(3)
        self.assertEqual(request.get_version(), 3)


    def test_get_subject(self):
        """
        L{X509ReqType.get_subject} returns an L{X509Name} for the subject of
        the request and which is valid even after the request object is
        otherwise dead.
        """
        request = X509Req()
        subject = request.get_subject()
        self.assertTrue(
            isinstance(subject, X509NameType),
            "%r is of type %r, should be %r" % (subject, type(subject), X509NameType))
        subject.commonName = "foo"
        self.assertEqual(request.get_subject().commonName, "foo")
        del request
        subject.commonName = "bar"
        self.assertEqual(subject.commonName, "bar")



class X509Tests(TestCase, _PKeyInteractionTestsMixin):
    """
    Tests for L{OpenSSL.crypto.X509}.
    """
    pemData = cleartextCertificatePEM + cleartextPrivateKeyPEM

    def signable(self):
        """
        Create and return a new L{X509}.
        """
        return X509()


    def test_type(self):
        """
        L{X509} and L{X509Type} refer to the same type object and can be used
        to create instances of that type.
        """
        self.assertIdentical(X509, X509Type)
        self.assertConsistentType(X509, 'X509')


    def test_construction(self):
        """
        L{X509} takes no arguments and returns an instance of L{X509Type}.
        """
        certificate = X509()
        self.assertTrue(
            isinstance(certificate, X509Type),
            "%r is of type %r, should be %r" % (certificate,
                                                type(certificate),
                                                X509Type))
        self.assertEqual(type(X509Type).__name__, 'type')
        self.assertEqual(type(certificate).__name__, 'X509')
        self.assertEqual(type(certificate), X509Type)
        self.assertEqual(type(certificate), X509)


    def test_serial_number(self):
        """
        The serial number of an L{X509Type} can be retrieved and modified with
        L{X509Type.get_serial_number} and L{X509Type.set_serial_number}.
        """
        certificate = X509()
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, certificate.set_serial_number)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, certificate.set_serial_number, 1, 2)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, certificate.set_serial_number, "1")
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, certificate.set_serial_number, 5.5)
        self.assertEqual(certificate.get_serial_number(), 0)
        certificate.set_serial_number(1)
        self.assertEqual(certificate.get_serial_number(), 1)
        certificate.set_serial_number(2 ** 32 + 1)
        self.assertEqual(certificate.get_serial_number(), 2 ** 32 + 1)
        certificate.set_serial_number(2 ** 64 + 1)
        self.assertEqual(certificate.get_serial_number(), 2 ** 64 + 1)
        certificate.set_serial_number(2 ** 128 + 1)
        self.assertEqual(certificate.get_serial_number(), 2 ** 128 + 1)


    def _setBoundTest(self, which):
        """
        L{X509Type.set_notBefore} takes a string in the format of an ASN1
        GENERALIZEDTIME and sets the beginning of the certificate's validity
        period to it.
        """
        certificate = X509()
        set = getattr(certificate, 'set_not' + which)
        get = getattr(certificate, 'get_not' + which)

        # Starts with no value.
        self.assertEqual(get(), None)

        # GMT (Or is it UTC?) -exarkun
        when = "20040203040506Z"
        set(when)
        self.assertEqual(get(), when)

        # A plus two hours and thirty minutes offset
        when = "20040203040506+0530"
        set(when)
        self.assertEqual(get(), when)

        # A minus one hour fifteen minutes offset
        when = "20040203040506-0115"
        set(when)
        self.assertEqual(get(), when)

        # An invalid string results in a ValueError
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, set, "foo bar")


    def test_set_notBefore(self):
        """
        L{X509Type.set_notBefore} takes a string in the format of an ASN1
        GENERALIZEDTIME and sets the beginning of the certificate's validity
        period to it.
        """
        self._setBoundTest("Before")


    def test_set_notAfter(self):
        """
        L{X509Type.set_notAfter} takes a string in the format of an ASN1
        GENERALIZEDTIME and sets the end of the certificate's validity period
        to it.
        """
        self._setBoundTest("After")


    def test_get_notBefore(self):
        """
        L{X509Type.get_notBefore} returns a string in the format of an ASN1
        GENERALIZEDTIME even for certificates which store it as UTCTIME
        internally.
        """
        cert = load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, self.pemData)
        self.assertEqual(cert.get_notBefore(), "20090325123658Z")


    def test_get_notAfter(self):
        """
        L{X509Type.get_notAfter} returns a string in the format of an ASN1
        GENERALIZEDTIME even for certificates which store it as UTCTIME
        internally.
        """
        cert = load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, self.pemData)
        self.assertEqual(cert.get_notAfter(), "20170611123658Z")


    def test_digest(self):
        """
        L{X509.digest} returns a string giving ":"-separated hex-encoded words
        of the digest of the certificate.
        """
        cert = X509()
        self.assertEqual(
            cert.digest("md5"),
            "A8:EB:07:F8:53:25:0A:F2:56:05:C5:A5:C4:C4:C7:15")



class PKCS12Tests(TestCase):
    """
    Test for L{OpenSSL.crypto.PKCS12} and L{OpenSSL.crypto.load_pkcs12}.
    """
    pemData = cleartextCertificatePEM + cleartextPrivateKeyPEM

    def test_type(self):
        """
        L{PKCS12Type} is a type object.
        """
        self.assertIdentical(PKCS12, PKCS12Type)
        self.assertConsistentType(PKCS12, 'PKCS12')


    def test_empty_construction(self):
        """
        L{PKCS12} returns a new instance of L{PKCS12} with no certificate,
        private key, CA certificates, or friendly name.
        """
        p12 = PKCS12()
        self.assertEqual(None, p12.get_certificate())
        self.assertEqual(None, p12.get_privatekey())
        self.assertEqual(None, p12.get_ca_certificates())
        self.assertEqual(None, p12.get_friendlyname())


    def test_type_errors(self):
        """
        The L{PKCS12} setter functions (C{set_certificate}, C{set_privatekey},
        C{set_ca_certificates}, and C{set_friendlyname}) raise L{TypeError}
        when passed objects of types other than those expected.
        """
        p12 = PKCS12()
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, p12.set_certificate, 3)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, p12.set_certificate, PKey())
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, p12.set_certificate, X509)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, p12.set_privatekey, 3)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, p12.set_privatekey, 'legbone')
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, p12.set_privatekey, X509())
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, p12.set_ca_certificates, 3)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, p12.set_ca_certificates, X509())
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, p12.set_ca_certificates, (3, 4))
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, p12.set_ca_certificates, ( PKey(), ))
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, p12.set_friendlyname, 6)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, p12.set_friendlyname, ('foo', 'bar'))


    def test_key_only(self):
        """
        A L{PKCS12} with only a private key can be exported using
        L{PKCS12.export} and loaded again using L{load_pkcs12}.
        """
        passwd = 'blah'
        p12 = PKCS12()
        pkey = load_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, cleartextPrivateKeyPEM)
        p12.set_privatekey(pkey)
        self.assertEqual(None, p12.get_certificate())
        self.assertEqual(pkey, p12.get_privatekey())
        try:
            dumped_p12 = p12.export(passphrase=passwd, iter=2, maciter=3)
        except Error:
            # Some versions of OpenSSL will throw an exception
            # for this nearly useless PKCS12 we tried to generate:
            # [('PKCS12 routines', 'PKCS12_create', 'invalid null argument')]
            return
        p12 = load_pkcs12(dumped_p12, passwd)
        self.assertEqual(None, p12.get_ca_certificates())
        self.assertEqual(None, p12.get_certificate())

        # OpenSSL fails to bring the key back to us.  So sad.  Perhaps in the
        # future this will be improved.
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(p12.get_privatekey(), (PKey, type(None))))


    def test_cert_only(self):
        """
        A L{PKCS12} with only a certificate can be exported using
        L{PKCS12.export} and loaded again using L{load_pkcs12}.
        """
        passwd = 'blah'
        p12 = PKCS12()
        cert = load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, cleartextCertificatePEM)
        p12.set_certificate(cert)
        self.assertEqual(cert, p12.get_certificate())
        self.assertEqual(None, p12.get_privatekey())
        try:
            dumped_p12 = p12.export(passphrase=passwd, iter=2, maciter=3)
        except Error:
            # Some versions of OpenSSL will throw an exception
            # for this nearly useless PKCS12 we tried to generate:
            # [('PKCS12 routines', 'PKCS12_create', 'invalid null argument')]
            return
        p12 = load_pkcs12(dumped_p12, passwd)
        self.assertEqual(None, p12.get_privatekey())

        # OpenSSL fails to bring the cert back to us.  Groany mcgroan.
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(p12.get_certificate(), (X509, type(None))))

        # Oh ho.  It puts the certificate into the ca certificates list, in
        # fact.  Totally bogus, I would think.  Nevertheless, let's exploit
        # that to check to see if it reconstructed the certificate we expected
        # it to.  At some point, hopefully this will change so that
        # p12.get_certificate() is actually what returns the loaded
        # certificate.
        self.assertEqual(
            cleartextCertificatePEM,
            dump_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, p12.get_ca_certificates()[0]))


    def gen_pkcs12(self, cert_pem=None, key_pem=None, ca_pem=None, friendly_name=None):
        """
        Generate a PKCS12 object with components from PEM.  Verify that the set
        functions return None.
        """
        p12 = PKCS12()
        if cert_pem:
            ret = p12.set_certificate(load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, cert_pem))
            self.assertEqual(ret, None)
        if key_pem:
            ret = p12.set_privatekey(load_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, key_pem))
            self.assertEqual(ret, None)
        if ca_pem:
            ret = p12.set_ca_certificates((load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, ca_pem),))
            self.assertEqual(ret, None)
        if friendly_name:
            ret = p12.set_friendlyname(friendly_name)
            self.assertEqual(ret, None)
        return p12


    def check_recovery(self, p12_str, key=None, cert=None, ca=None, passwd='',
                       extra=()):
        """
        Use openssl program to confirm three components are recoverable from a
        PKCS12 string.
        """
        if key:
            recovered_key = _runopenssl(
                p12_str, "pkcs12", '-nocerts', '-nodes', '-passin',
                'pass:' + passwd, *extra)
            self.assertEqual(recovered_key[-len(key):], key)
        if cert:
            recovered_cert = _runopenssl(
                p12_str, "pkcs12", '-clcerts', '-nodes', '-passin',
                'pass:' + passwd, '-nokeys', *extra)
            self.assertEqual(recovered_cert[-len(cert):], cert)
        if ca:
            recovered_cert = _runopenssl(
                p12_str, "pkcs12", '-cacerts', '-nodes', '-passin',
                'pass:' + passwd, '-nokeys', *extra)
            self.assertEqual(recovered_cert[-len(ca):], ca)


    def test_load_pkcs12(self):
        """
        A PKCS12 string generated using the openssl command line can be loaded
        with L{load_pkcs12} and its components extracted and examined.
        """
        passwd = 'whatever'
        pem = client_key_pem + client_cert_pem
        p12_str = _runopenssl(
            pem, "pkcs12", '-export', '-clcerts', '-passout', 'pass:' + passwd)
        p12 = load_pkcs12(p12_str, passwd)
        # verify
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(p12, PKCS12))
        cert_pem = dump_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, p12.get_certificate())
        self.assertEqual(cert_pem, client_cert_pem)
        key_pem = dump_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, p12.get_privatekey())
        self.assertEqual(key_pem, client_key_pem)
        self.assertEqual(None, p12.get_ca_certificates())


    def test_load_pkcs12_garbage(self):
        """
        L{load_pkcs12} raises L{OpenSSL.crypto.Error} when passed a string
        which is not a PKCS12 dump.
        """
        passwd = 'whatever'
        e = self.assertRaises(Error, load_pkcs12, 'fruit loops', passwd)
        self.assertEqual( e[0][0][0], 'asn1 encoding routines')
        self.assertEqual( len(e[0][0]), 3)


    def test_replace(self):
        """
        L{PKCS12.set_certificate} replaces the certificate in a PKCS12 cluster.
        L{PKCS12.set_privatekey} replaces the private key.
        L{PKCS12.set_ca_certificates} replaces the CA certificates.
        """
        p12 = self.gen_pkcs12(client_cert_pem, client_key_pem, root_cert_pem)
        p12.set_certificate(load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, server_cert_pem))
        p12.set_privatekey(load_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, server_key_pem))
        root_cert = load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, root_cert_pem)
        client_cert = load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, client_cert_pem)
        p12.set_ca_certificates([root_cert]) # not a tuple
        self.assertEqual(1, len(p12.get_ca_certificates()))
        self.assertEqual(root_cert, p12.get_ca_certificates()[0])
        p12.set_ca_certificates([client_cert, root_cert])
        self.assertEqual(2, len(p12.get_ca_certificates()))
        self.assertEqual(client_cert, p12.get_ca_certificates()[0])
        self.assertEqual(root_cert, p12.get_ca_certificates()[1])


    def test_friendly_name(self):
        """
        The I{friendlyName} of a PKCS12 can be set and retrieved via
        L{PKCS12.get_friendlyname} and L{PKCS12_set_friendlyname}, and a
        L{PKCS12} with a friendly name set can be dumped with L{PKCS12.export}.
        """
        passwd = 'Dogmeat[]{}!@#$%^&*()~`?/.,<>-_+=";:'
        p12 = self.gen_pkcs12(server_cert_pem, server_key_pem, root_cert_pem)
        for friendly_name in ['Serverlicious', None, '###']:
            p12.set_friendlyname(friendly_name)
            self.assertEqual(p12.get_friendlyname(), friendly_name)
            dumped_p12 = p12.export(passphrase=passwd, iter=2, maciter=3)
            reloaded_p12 = load_pkcs12(dumped_p12, passwd)
            self.assertEqual(
                p12.get_friendlyname(),reloaded_p12.get_friendlyname())
            # We would use the openssl program to confirm the friendly
            # name, but it is not possible.  The pkcs12 command
            # does not store the friendly name in the cert's
            # alias, which we could then extract.
            self.check_recovery(
                dumped_p12, key=server_key_pem, cert=server_cert_pem,
                ca=root_cert_pem, passwd=passwd)


    def test_various_empty_passphrases(self):
        """
        Test that missing, None, and '' passphrases are identical for PKCS12
        export.
        """
        p12 = self.gen_pkcs12(client_cert_pem, client_key_pem, root_cert_pem)
        passwd = ''
        dumped_p12_empty = p12.export(iter=2, maciter=0, passphrase=passwd)
        dumped_p12_none = p12.export(iter=3, maciter=2, passphrase=None)
        dumped_p12_nopw = p12.export(iter=9, maciter=4)
        for dumped_p12 in [dumped_p12_empty, dumped_p12_none, dumped_p12_nopw]:
            self.check_recovery(
                dumped_p12, key=client_key_pem, cert=client_cert_pem,
                ca=root_cert_pem, passwd=passwd)


    def test_removing_ca_cert(self):
        """
        Passing C{None} to L{PKCS12.set_ca_certificates} removes all CA
        certificates.
        """
        p12 = self.gen_pkcs12(server_cert_pem, server_key_pem, root_cert_pem)
        p12.set_ca_certificates(None)
        self.assertEqual(None, p12.get_ca_certificates())


    def test_export_without_mac(self):
        """
        Exporting a PKCS12 with a C{maciter} of C{-1} excludes the MAC
        entirely.
        """
        passwd = 'Lake Michigan'
        p12 = self.gen_pkcs12(server_cert_pem, server_key_pem, root_cert_pem)
        dumped_p12 = p12.export(maciter=-1, passphrase=passwd, iter=2)
        self.check_recovery(
            dumped_p12, key=server_key_pem, cert=server_cert_pem,
            passwd=passwd, extra=('-nomacver',))


    def test_load_without_mac(self):
        """
        Loading a PKCS12 without a MAC does something other than crash.
        """
        passwd = 'Lake Michigan'
        p12 = self.gen_pkcs12(server_cert_pem, server_key_pem, root_cert_pem)
        dumped_p12 = p12.export(maciter=-1, passphrase=passwd, iter=2)
        try:
            recovered_p12 = load_pkcs12(dumped_p12, passwd)
            # The person who generated this PCKS12 should be flogged,
            # or better yet we should have a means to determine
            # whether a PCKS12 had a MAC that was verified.
            # Anyway, libopenssl chooses to allow it, so the
            # pyopenssl binding does as well.
            self.assertTrue(isinstance(recovered_p12, PKCS12))
        except Error:
            # Failing here with an exception is preferred as some openssl
            # versions do.
            pass


    def test_zero_len_list_for_ca(self):
        """
        A PKCS12 with an empty CA certificates list can be exported.
        """
        passwd = 'Hobie 18'
        p12 = self.gen_pkcs12(server_cert_pem, server_key_pem)
        p12.set_ca_certificates([])
        self.assertEqual((), p12.get_ca_certificates())
        dumped_p12 = p12.export(passphrase=passwd, iter=3)
        self.check_recovery(
            dumped_p12, key=server_key_pem, cert=server_cert_pem,
            passwd=passwd)


    def test_export_without_args(self):
        """
        All the arguments to L{PKCS12.export} are optional.
        """
        p12 = self.gen_pkcs12(server_cert_pem, server_key_pem, root_cert_pem)
        dumped_p12 = p12.export()  # no args
        self.check_recovery(
            dumped_p12, key=server_key_pem, cert=server_cert_pem, passwd='')


    def test_key_cert_mismatch(self):
        """
        L{PKCS12.export} raises an exception when a key and certificate
        mismatch.
        """
        p12 = self.gen_pkcs12(server_cert_pem, client_key_pem, root_cert_pem)
        self.assertRaises(Error, p12.export)



# These quoting functions taken directly from Twisted's twisted.python.win32.
_cmdLineQuoteRe = re.compile(r'(\\*)"')
_cmdLineQuoteRe2 = re.compile(r'(\\+)\Z')
def cmdLineQuote(s):
    """
    Internal method for quoting a single command-line argument.

    @type: C{str}
    @param s: A single unquoted string to quote for something that is expecting
        cmd.exe-style quoting

    @rtype: C{str}
    @return: A cmd.exe-style quoted string

    @see: U{http://www.perlmonks.org/?node_id=764004}
    """
    s = _cmdLineQuoteRe2.sub(r"\1\1", _cmdLineQuoteRe.sub(r'\1\1\\"', s))
    return '"%s"' % s



def quoteArguments(arguments):
    """
    Quote an iterable of command-line arguments for passing to CreateProcess or
    a similar API.  This allows the list passed to C{reactor.spawnProcess} to
    match the child process's C{sys.argv} properly.

    @type arguments: C{iterable} of C{str}
    @param arguments: An iterable of unquoted arguments to quote

    @rtype: C{str}
    @return: A space-delimited string containing quoted versions of L{arguments}
    """
    return ' '.join(map(cmdLineQuote, arguments))


def _runopenssl(pem, *args):
    """
    Run the command line openssl tool with the given arguments and write
    the given PEM to its stdin.  Not safe for quotes.
    """
    if os.name == 'posix':
        command = "openssl " + " ".join(["'%s'" % (arg.replace("'", "'\\''"),) for arg in args])
    else:
        command = "openssl " + quoteArguments(args)
    write, read = popen2(command, "b")
    write.write(pem)
    write.close()
    return read.read()



class FunctionTests(TestCase):
    """
    Tests for free-functions in the L{OpenSSL.crypto} module.
    """
    def test_load_privatekey_wrongPassphrase(self):
        """
        L{load_privatekey} raises L{OpenSSL.crypto.Error} when it is passed an
        encrypted PEM and an incorrect passphrase.
        """
        self.assertRaises(
            Error,
            load_privatekey, FILETYPE_PEM, encryptedPrivateKeyPEM, "quack")


    def test_load_privatekey_passphrase(self):
        """
        L{load_privatekey} can create a L{PKey} object from an encrypted PEM
        string if given the passphrase.
        """
        key = load_privatekey(
            FILETYPE_PEM, encryptedPrivateKeyPEM,
            encryptedPrivateKeyPEMPassphrase)
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(key, PKeyType))


    def test_load_privatekey_wrongPassphraseCallback(self):
        """
        L{load_privatekey} raises L{OpenSSL.crypto.Error} when it is passed an
        encrypted PEM and a passphrase callback which returns an incorrect
        passphrase.
        """
        called = []
        def cb(*a):
            called.append(None)
            return "quack"
        self.assertRaises(
            Error,
            load_privatekey, FILETYPE_PEM, encryptedPrivateKeyPEM, cb)
        self.assertTrue(called)

    def test_load_privatekey_passphraseCallback(self):
        """
        L{load_privatekey} can create a L{PKey} object from an encrypted PEM
        string if given a passphrase callback which returns the correct
        password.
        """
        called = []
        def cb(writing):
            called.append(writing)
            return encryptedPrivateKeyPEMPassphrase
        key = load_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, encryptedPrivateKeyPEM, cb)
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(key, PKeyType))
        self.assertEqual(called, [False])


    def test_dump_privatekey_passphrase(self):
        """
        L{dump_privatekey} writes an encrypted PEM when given a passphrase.
        """
        passphrase = "foo"
        key = load_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, cleartextPrivateKeyPEM)
        pem = dump_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, key, "blowfish", passphrase)
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(pem, str))
        loadedKey = load_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, pem, passphrase)
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(loadedKey, PKeyType))
        self.assertEqual(loadedKey.type(), key.type())
        self.assertEqual(loadedKey.bits(), key.bits())


    def test_dump_certificate(self):
        """
        L{dump_certificate} writes PEM, DER, and text.
        """
        pemData = cleartextCertificatePEM + cleartextPrivateKeyPEM
        cert = load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, pemData)
        dumped_pem = dump_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, cert)
        self.assertEqual(dumped_pem, cleartextCertificatePEM)
        dumped_der = dump_certificate(FILETYPE_ASN1, cert)
        good_der = _runopenssl(dumped_pem, "x509", "-outform", "DER")
        self.assertEqual(dumped_der, good_der)
        cert2 = load_certificate(FILETYPE_ASN1, dumped_der)
        dumped_pem2 = dump_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, cert2)
        self.assertEqual(dumped_pem2, cleartextCertificatePEM)
        dumped_text = dump_certificate(FILETYPE_TEXT, cert)
        good_text = _runopenssl(dumped_pem, "x509", "-noout", "-text")
        self.assertEqual(dumped_text, good_text)


    def test_dump_privatekey(self):
        """
        L{dump_privatekey} writes a PEM, DER, and text.
        """
        key = load_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, cleartextPrivateKeyPEM)
        dumped_pem = dump_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, key)
        self.assertEqual(dumped_pem, cleartextPrivateKeyPEM)
        dumped_der = dump_privatekey(FILETYPE_ASN1, key)
        # XXX This OpenSSL call writes "writing RSA key" to standard out.  Sad.
        good_der = _runopenssl(dumped_pem, "rsa", "-outform", "DER")
        self.assertEqual(dumped_der, good_der)
        key2 = load_privatekey(FILETYPE_ASN1, dumped_der)
        dumped_pem2 = dump_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, key2)
        self.assertEqual(dumped_pem2, cleartextPrivateKeyPEM)
        dumped_text = dump_privatekey(FILETYPE_TEXT, key)
        good_text = _runopenssl(dumped_pem, "rsa", "-noout", "-text")
        self.assertEqual(dumped_text, good_text)


    def test_dump_certificate_request(self):
        """
        L{dump_certificate_request} writes a PEM, DER, and text.
        """
        req = load_certificate_request(FILETYPE_PEM, cleartextCertificateRequestPEM)
        dumped_pem = dump_certificate_request(FILETYPE_PEM, req)
        self.assertEqual(dumped_pem, cleartextCertificateRequestPEM)
        dumped_der = dump_certificate_request(FILETYPE_ASN1, req)
        good_der = _runopenssl(dumped_pem, "req", "-outform", "DER")
        self.assertEqual(dumped_der, good_der)
        req2 = load_certificate_request(FILETYPE_ASN1, dumped_der)
        dumped_pem2 = dump_certificate_request(FILETYPE_PEM, req2)
        self.assertEqual(dumped_pem2, cleartextCertificateRequestPEM)
        dumped_text = dump_certificate_request(FILETYPE_TEXT, req)
        good_text = _runopenssl(dumped_pem, "req", "-noout", "-text")
        self.assertEqual(dumped_text, good_text)


    def test_dump_privatekey_passphraseCallback(self):
        """
        L{dump_privatekey} writes an encrypted PEM when given a callback which
        returns the correct passphrase.
        """
        passphrase = "foo"
        called = []
        def cb(writing):
            called.append(writing)
            return passphrase
        key = load_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, cleartextPrivateKeyPEM)
        pem = dump_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, key, "blowfish", cb)
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(pem, str))
        self.assertEqual(called, [True])
        loadedKey = load_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, pem, passphrase)
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(loadedKey, PKeyType))
        self.assertEqual(loadedKey.type(), key.type())
        self.assertEqual(loadedKey.bits(), key.bits())


    def test_load_pkcs7_data(self):
        """
        L{load_pkcs7_data} accepts a PKCS#7 string and returns an instance of
        L{PKCS7Type}.
        """
        pkcs7 = load_pkcs7_data(FILETYPE_PEM, pkcs7Data)
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(pkcs7, PKCS7Type))



class PKCS7Tests(TestCase):
    """
    Tests for L{PKCS7Type}.
    """
    def test_type(self):
        """
        L{PKCS7Type} is a type object.
        """
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(PKCS7Type, type))
        self.assertEqual(PKCS7Type.__name__, 'PKCS7')

        # XXX This doesn't currently work.
        # self.assertIdentical(PKCS7, PKCS7Type)



class NetscapeSPKITests(TestCase):
    """
    Tests for L{OpenSSL.crypto.NetscapeSPKI}.
    """
    def test_type(self):
        """
        L{NetscapeSPKI} and L{NetscapeSPKIType} refer to the same type object
        and can be used to create instances of that type.
        """
        self.assertIdentical(NetscapeSPKI, NetscapeSPKIType)
        self.assertConsistentType(NetscapeSPKI, 'NetscapeSPKI')


    def test_construction(self):
        """
        L{NetscapeSPKI} returns an instance of L{NetscapeSPKIType}.
        """
        nspki = NetscapeSPKI()
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(nspki, NetscapeSPKIType))



class SignVerifyTests(TestCase):
    """
    Tests for L{OpenSSL.crypto.sign} and L{OpenSSL.crypto.verify}.
    """
    def test_sign_verify(self):
        from OpenSSL.crypto import sign, verify

        content = "It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen. Winston Smith, his chin nuzzled into his breast in an effort to escape the vile wind, slipped quickly through the glass doors of Victory Mansions, though not quickly enough to prevent a swirl of gritty dust from entering along with him."
        priv_key = load_privatekey (FILETYPE_PEM, root_key_pem)    # sign the content with this private key
        good_cert = load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, root_cert_pem)  # verify the content with this cert
        bad_cert = load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, server_cert_pem) # certificate unrelated to priv_key, used to trigger an error

        for digest in ('md5', 'sha1'):
            sig = sign(priv_key, content, digest)

            # Verify the signature of content, will throw an exception if error.
            verify(good_cert, sig, content, digest)

            # This should fail because the certificate doesn't match the
            # private key that was used to sign the content.
            self.assertRaises(Error, verify, bad_cert, sig, content, digest)

            # This should fail because we've "tainted" the content after
            # signing it.
            self.assertRaises(Error, verify, good_cert, sig, content+"tainted", digest)

        # test that unknown digest types fail
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, sign, priv_key, content, "strange-digest")
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, verify, good_cert, sig, content, "strange-digest")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()