server/cros/servo.py

# Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.
#
# Expects to be run in an environment with sudo and no interactive password
# prompt, such as within the Chromium OS development chroot.

import logging, os, select, subprocess, sys, time, xmlrpclib
from autotest_lib.client.bin import utils as client_utils
from autotest_lib.server import utils

class Servo(object):
    """Manages control of a Servo board.

    Servo is a board developed by hardware group to aide in the debug and
    control of various partner devices. Servo's features include the simulation
    of pressing the power button, closing the lid, and pressing Ctrl-d. This
    class manages setting up and communicating with a servo demon (servod)
    process. It provides both high-level functions for common servo tasks and
    low-level functions for directly setting and reading gpios.
    """

    # Power button press delays in seconds.
    LONG_DELAY = 8
    SHORT_DELAY = 0.1
    NORMAL_TRANSITION_DELAY = 1.2
    # Maximum number of times to re-read power button on release.
    RELEASE_RETRY_MAX = 5
    GET_RETRY_MAX = 10

    # Delays to deal with computer transitions.
    SLEEP_DELAY = 6
    BOOT_DELAY = 10
    RECOVERY_BOOT_DELAY = 30
    RECOVERY_INSTALL_DELAY = 180

    # Servo-specific delays.
    MAX_SERVO_STARTUP_DELAY = 10
    SERVO_SEND_SIGNAL_DELAY = 0.5

    # Time between an usb disk plugged-in and detected in the system.
    USB_DETECTION_DELAY = 10

    KEY_MATRIX = {
        'm1': {'ctrl_r': ['0', '0'], 'd': ['0', '1'],
               'enter': ['1', '0'], 'none': ['1', '1']},
        'm2': {'ctrl': ['0', '0'], 'refresh': ['0', '1'],
               'unused': ['1', '0'], 'none': ['1', '1']}
        }

    @staticmethod
    def create_simple(device_under_test_hostname):
        """Instantiate a Servo for |device_under_test_hostname| in the lab.

        Assuming that |device_under_test_hostname| is a device in the CrOS
        test lab, create and return a Servo object pointed at the
        servo attached to that DUT.  The servo in the test lab is assumed to
        already have servod up and running on it.

        @param device_under_test_hostname: device whose servo we want to target.
        @return an appropriately configured Servo
        """
        host_parts = device_under_test_hostname.split('.')
        host_parts[0] = host_parts[0] + '-servo'
        return Servo(servo_host='.'.join(host_parts))


    def __init__(self, servo_host=None, servo_port=9999,
                 xml_config=[], servo_vid=None, servo_pid=None,
                 servo_serial=None, cold_reset=False, servo_interfaces=[]):
        """Sets up the servo communication infrastructure.

        Args:
          servo_host: Host the servod process should listen on.
          servo_port: Port the servod process should listen on.
          xml_config: A list of configuration XML files for servod.
          servo_vid: USB vendor id of servo.
          servo_pid: USB product id of servo.
          servo_serial: USB serial id in device descriptor to host to
            distinguish and control multiple servos.  Note servo's EEPROM must
            be programmed to use this feature.
          cold_reset: If True, cold reset device and boot during init,
                      otherwise perform init with device running.
        """
        self._servod = None
        self._server = None

        # TODO(tbroch) In case where servo h/w is not connected to the host
        # running the autotest server, servod will need to be launched by
        # another means (udev likely).  For now we can use servo_host ==
        # localhost as a heuristic for determining this.
        if not servo_host or servo_host == 'localhost':
            servo_host = 'localhost'
            self._launch_servod(servo_host, servo_port, xml_config, servo_vid,
                                servo_pid, servo_serial, servo_interfaces)
        else:
            logging.info('servod should already be running on host = %s',
                         servo_host)

        self._do_cold_reset = cold_reset
        self._connect_servod(servo_host, servo_port)


    def initialize_dut(self):
        """Initializes a dut for testing purposes."""
        if self._do_cold_reset:
            self._init_seq_cold_reset_devmode()
        else:
            self._init_seq()


    def power_long_press(self):
        """Simulate a long power button press."""
        self.power_key(Servo.LONG_DELAY)


    def power_normal_press(self):
        """Simulate a normal power button press."""
        self.power_key()


    def power_short_press(self):
        """Simulate a short power button press."""
        self.power_key(Servo.SHORT_DELAY)


    def power_key(self, secs=NORMAL_TRANSITION_DELAY):
        """Simulate a power button press.

        Args:
          secs: Time in seconds to simulate the keypress.
        """
        self.set_nocheck('pwr_button', 'press')
        time.sleep(secs)
        self.set_nocheck('pwr_button', 'release')
        # TODO(tbroch) Different systems have different release times on the
        # power button that this loop addresses.  Longer term we may want to
        # make this delay platform specific.
        retry = 1
        while True:
            value = self.get('pwr_button')
            if value == 'release' or retry > Servo.RELEASE_RETRY_MAX:
                break
            logging.info('Waiting for pwr_button to release, retry %d.', retry)
            retry += 1
            time.sleep(Servo.SHORT_DELAY)


    def lid_open(self):
        """Simulate opening the lid."""
        self.set_nocheck('lid_open', 'yes')


    def lid_close(self):
        """Simulate closing the lid.

        Waits 6 seconds to ensure the device is fully asleep before returning.
        """
        self.set_nocheck('lid_open', 'no')
        time.sleep(Servo.SLEEP_DELAY)


    def _press_and_release_keys(self, m1, m2,
                                press_secs=SERVO_SEND_SIGNAL_DELAY):
        """Simulate button presses."""
        # set keys to none
        (m2_a1, m2_a0) = self.KEY_MATRIX['m2']['none']
        (m1_a1, m1_a0) = self.KEY_MATRIX['m1']['none']
        self.set_nocheck('kbd_m2_a0', m2_a0)
        self.set_nocheck('kbd_m2_a1', m2_a1)
        self.set_nocheck('kbd_m1_a0', m1_a0)
        self.set_nocheck('kbd_m1_a1', m1_a1)

        (m2_a1, m2_a0) = self.KEY_MATRIX['m2'][m2]
        (m1_a1, m1_a0) = self.KEY_MATRIX['m1'][m1]
        self.set_nocheck('kbd_en', 'on')
        self.set_nocheck('kbd_m2_a0', m2_a0)
        self.set_nocheck('kbd_m2_a1', m2_a1)
        self.set_nocheck('kbd_m1_a0', m1_a0)
        self.set_nocheck('kbd_m1_a1', m1_a1)
        time.sleep(press_secs)
        self.set_nocheck('kbd_en', 'off')


    def ctrl_d(self):
        """Simulate Ctrl-d simultaneous button presses."""
        self._press_and_release_keys('d', 'ctrl')


    def ctrl_enter(self):
        """Simulate Ctrl-enter simultaneous button presses."""
        self._press_and_release_keys('enter', 'ctrl')


    def d_key(self):
        """Simulate Enter key button press."""
        self._press_and_release_keys('d', 'none')


    def ctrl_key(self):
        """Simulate Enter key button press."""
        self._press_and_release_keys('none', 'ctrl')


    def enter_key(self):
        """Simulate Enter key button press."""
        self._press_and_release_keys('enter', 'none')


    def refresh_key(self):
        """Simulate Refresh key (F3) button press."""
        self._press_and_release_keys('none', 'refresh')


    def imaginary_key(self):
        """Simulate imaginary key button press.

        Maps to a key that doesn't physically exist.
        """
        self._press_and_release_keys('none', 'unused')


    def enable_recovery_mode(self):
        """Enable recovery mode on device."""
        self.set('rec_mode', 'on')


    def disable_recovery_mode(self):
        """Disable recovery mode on device."""
        self.set('rec_mode', 'off')


    def enable_development_mode(self):
        """Enable development mode on device."""
        self.set('dev_mode', 'on')


    def disable_development_mode(self):
        """Disable development mode on device."""
        self.set('dev_mode', 'off')

    def enable_usb_hub(self, host=False):
        """Enable Servo's USB/ethernet hub.

        This is equivalent to plugging in the USB devices attached to Servo to
        the host (if |host| is True) or dut (if |host| is False).
        For host=False, requires that the USB out on the servo board is
        connected to a USB in port on the target device. Servo's USB ports are
        labeled DUT_HUB_USB1 and DUT_HUB_USB2. Servo's ethernet port is also
        connected to this hub. Servo's USB port DUT_HUB_IN is the output of the
        hub.
        """
        self.set('dut_hub_pwren', 'on')
        if host:
            self.set('usb_mux_oe1', 'on')
            self.set('usb_mux_sel1', 'servo_sees_usbkey')
        else:
            self.set('dut_hub_sel', 'dut_sees_hub')

        self.set('dut_hub_on', 'yes')


    def disable_usb_hub(self):
        """Disable Servo's USB/ethernet hub.

        This is equivalent to unplugging the USB devices attached to Servo.
        """
        self.set('dut_hub_on', 'no')


    def boot_devmode(self):
        """Boot a dev-mode device that is powered off."""
        self.power_short_press()
        self.pass_devmode()


    def pass_devmode(self):
        """Pass through boot screens in dev-mode."""
        time.sleep(Servo.BOOT_DELAY)
        self.ctrl_d()
        time.sleep(Servo.BOOT_DELAY)


    def cold_reset(self):
        """Perform a cold reset of the EC.

        Has the side effect of shutting off the device.  Device is guaranteed
        to be off at the end of this call.
        """
        self.set('cold_reset', 'on')
        time.sleep(Servo.SERVO_SEND_SIGNAL_DELAY)


    def warm_reset(self):
        """Perform a warm reset of the device.

        Has the side effect of restarting the device.
        """
        self.set('warm_reset', 'on')
        time.sleep(Servo.SERVO_SEND_SIGNAL_DELAY)
        self.set('warm_reset', 'off')


    def get(self, gpio_name):
        """Get the value of a gpio from Servod."""
        assert gpio_name
        return self._server.get(gpio_name)


    def set(self, gpio_name, gpio_value):
        """Set and check the value of a gpio using Servod."""
        self.set_nocheck(gpio_name, gpio_value)
        retry_count = Servo.GET_RETRY_MAX
        while gpio_value != self.get(gpio_name) and retry_count:
            logging.warn("%s != %s, retry %d", gpio_name, gpio_value,
                         retry_count)
            retry_count -= 1
            time.sleep(Servo.SHORT_DELAY)
        if not retry_count:
            assert gpio_value == self.get(gpio_name), \
                'Servo failed to set %s to %s' % (gpio_name, gpio_value)


    def set_nocheck(self, gpio_name, gpio_value):
        """Set the value of a gpio using Servod."""
        assert gpio_name and gpio_value
        logging.info('Setting %s to %s', gpio_name, gpio_value)
        self._server.set(gpio_name, gpio_value)


    # TODO(waihong) It may fail if multiple servo's are connected to the same
    # host. Should look for a better way, like the USB serial name, to identify
    # the USB device.
    def probe_host_usb_dev(self):
        """Probe the USB disk device plugged-in the servo from the host side.

        It tries to switch the USB mux to make the host unable to see the
        USB disk and compares the result difference.

        This only works if the servo is attached to the local host.

        Returns:
          A string of USB disk path, like '/dev/sdb', or None if not existed.
        """
        cmd = 'ls /dev/sd[a-z]'
        original_value = self.get('usb_mux_sel1')

        # Make the host unable to see the USB disk.
        if original_value != 'dut_sees_usbkey':
            self.set('usb_mux_sel1', 'dut_sees_usbkey')
            time.sleep(self.USB_DETECTION_DELAY)
        no_usb_set = set(utils.system_output(cmd, ignore_status=True).split())

        # Make the host able to see the USB disk.
        self.set('usb_mux_sel1', 'servo_sees_usbkey')
        time.sleep(self.USB_DETECTION_DELAY)
        has_usb_set = set(utils.system_output(cmd, ignore_status=True).split())

        # Back to its original value.
        if original_value != 'servo_sees_usbkey':
            self.set('usb_mux_sel1', original_value)
            time.sleep(self.USB_DETECTION_DELAY)

        diff_set = has_usb_set - no_usb_set
        if len(diff_set) == 1:
            return diff_set.pop()
        else:
            return None


    def install_recovery_image(self, image_path=None, usb_dev=None,
                               wait_for_completion=True,
                               wait_timeout=RECOVERY_INSTALL_DELAY):
        """Install the recovery image specied by the path onto the DUT.

        This method uses google recovery mode to install a recovery image
        onto a DUT through the use of a USB stick that is mounted on a servo
        board specified by the usb_dev.  If no image path is specified
        we use the recovery image already on the usb image.

        Args:
            image_path: Path on the host to the recovery image.
            usb_dev:  When servo_sees_usbkey is enabled, which dev
                      e.g. /dev/sdb will the usb key show up as.
                      If None, detects it automatically.
            wait_for_completion: Whether to wait for completion of the
                                 factory install and disable the USB hub
                                 before returning.  Currently this is just
                                 waiting for a predetermined timeout period.
            wait_timeout: How long to wait for completion; default is
                          determined by a constant.
        """
        # Turn the device off. This should happen before USB key detection, to
        # prevent a recovery destined DUT from sensing the USB key due to the
        # autodetection procedure.
        self.power_long_press()

        # Set up Servo's usb mux.
        self.set('prtctl4_pwren', 'on')
        self.enable_usb_hub(host=True)
        if image_path:
            if not usb_dev:
                logging.info('Detecting USB stick device...')
                usb_dev = self.probe_host_usb_dev()
                if not usb_dev:
                    raise Exception('USB device not found')
                logging.info('Found %s', usb_dev)
            logging.info('Installing image onto usb stick. '
                         'This takes a while...')
            client_utils.poll_for_condition(
                lambda: os.path.exists(usb_dev),
                timeout=Servo.USB_DETECTION_DELAY,
                desc="%s exists" % usb_dev)
            utils.system('sudo dd if=%s of=%s bs=4M status=noxfer' %
                         (image_path, usb_dev))

        # Boot in recovery mode.
        try:
            self.enable_recovery_mode()
            self.power_short_press()
            time.sleep(Servo.RECOVERY_BOOT_DELAY)
            self.set('usb_mux_sel1', 'dut_sees_usbkey')
            self.disable_recovery_mode()

            if wait_for_completion:
                # Enable recovery installation.
                logging.info('Running the recovery process on the DUT. '
                             'Waiting %d seconds for recovery to complete ...',
                             wait_timeout)
                time.sleep(wait_timeout)

                # Go back into normal mode and reboot.
                # Machine automatically reboots after the usb key is removed.
                logging.info('Removing the usb key from the DUT.')
                self.disable_usb_hub()
                time.sleep(Servo.BOOT_DELAY)
        except:
            # In case anything went wrong we want to make sure to do a clean
            # reset.
            self.disable_recovery_mode()
            self.warm_reset()
            raise


    def _init_seq_cold_reset_devmode(self):
        """Cold reset, init device, and boot in dev-mode."""
        self.cold_reset()
        self._init_seq()
        self.set('dev_mode', 'on')
        self.boot_devmode()


    def __del__(self):
        """Kill the Servod process."""
        if not self._servod:
            return

        # kill servod one way or another
        try:
            # won't work without superuser privileges
            self._servod.terminate()
        except:
            # should work without superuser privileges
            assert subprocess.call(['sudo', 'kill', str(self._servod.pid)])


    def _launch_servod(self, servo_host, servo_port, xml_config, servo_vid,
                       servo_pid, servo_serial, servo_interfaces):
        """Launch the servod process.

        Args:
          servo_host: Host to start servod listening on.
          servo_port: Port to start servod listening on.
          xml_config: A list of XML configuration files for servod.
          servo_vid: USB vendor id of servo.
          servo_pid: USB product id of servo.
          servo_serial: USB serial id in device descriptor to host to
            distinguish and control multiple servos.  Note servo's EEPROM must
            be programmed to use this feature.
          servo_interfaces: a list of servo interface names out of 'gpio',
            'i2c', 'uart', 'gpiouart' and 'dummy'.
        """
        cmdlist = ['sudo', 'servod']
        for config in xml_config:
            cmdlist += ['-c', str(config)]
        if servo_host is not None:
            cmdlist.append('--host=%s' % str(servo_host))
        if servo_port is not None:
            cmdlist.append('--port=%s' % str(servo_port))
        if servo_vid is not None:
            cmdlist.append('--vendor=%s' % str(servo_vid))
        if servo_pid is not None:
            cmdlist.append('--product=%s' % str(servo_pid))
        if servo_serial is not None:
            cmdlist.append('--serialname=%s' % str(servo_serial))
        if servo_interfaces:
            cmdlist.append('--interfaces=%s' % ' '.join(servo_interfaces))
        logging.info('starting servod w/ cmd :: %s', ' '.join(cmdlist))
        self._servod = subprocess.Popen(cmdlist, 0, None, None, None,
                                        subprocess.PIPE)
        # wait for servod to initialize
        timeout = Servo.MAX_SERVO_STARTUP_DELAY
        start_time = time.time()
        listening = False
        while (time.time() - start_time) < timeout and \
                self._servod.returncode is None:
            (rfds, _, _) = select.select([self._servod.stderr], [], [], 0)
            if len(rfds) > 0:
                if 'Listening' in rfds[0].readline():
                    listening = True
                    break

        if not listening:
            logging.fatal("Unable to successfully launch servod")
            sys.exit(-1)


    def _init_seq(self):
        """Initiate starting state for servo."""
        # TODO(tbroch) This is only a servo V1 control.  Need to add ability in
        # servod to easily identify version so I can make this conditional not
        # try and fail quietly
        try:
            self.set('tx_dir', 'input')
        except:
            logging.warning("Failed to set tx_dir.  This is ok if not servo V1")


        # TODO(tbroch) Investigate method to determine DUT's type so we can
        # conditionally set lid if applicable
        self.set_nocheck('lid_open', 'yes')
        self.set('rec_mode', 'off')


    def _connect_servod(self, servo_host, servo_port):
        """Connect to the Servod process with XMLRPC.

        Args:
          servo_port: Port the Servod process is listening on.
        """
        remote = 'http://%s:%s' % (servo_host, servo_port)
        self._server = xmlrpclib.ServerProxy(remote)
        try:
            self._server.echo("ping-test")
        except:
            logging.error('Connection to servod failed')
            raise