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cristy	29dc865	2015-05-12 16:26:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5	<!DOCTYPE html>
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cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	9	<title>ImageMagick: Command-line Options</title>
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href="command-line-options.html#stegano">‑stegano</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stereo">‑stereo</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#storage-type">‑storage‑type</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">‑stretch</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">‑strip</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">‑stroke</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">‑strokewidth</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#style">‑style</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#subimage-search">‑subimage‑search</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">‑swap</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#swirl">‑swirl</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#synchronize">‑synchronize</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#taint">‑taint</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#text-font">‑text‑font</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#texture">‑texture</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#thumbnail">‑thumbnail</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tile">‑tile</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tile-offset">‑tile‑offset</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tint">‑tint</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#title">‑title</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">‑transform</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">‑transparent</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color">‑transparent‑color</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transpose">‑transpose</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transverse">‑transverse</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#treedepth">‑treedepth</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">‑trim</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#type">‑type</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#undercolor">‑undercolor</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#unique-colors">‑unique‑colors</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#units">‑units</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">‑unsharp</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#update">‑update</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">‑verbose</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#version">‑version</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#view">‑view</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#vignette">‑vignette</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">‑virtual‑pixel</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#visual">‑visual</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#watermark">‑watermark</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#wave">‑wave</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#wavelet-denoise">‑wavelet‑denoise</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	56
				57	<p class="lead magick-description">Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a href="command-line-tools.html">command-line tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands: <a href="convert.html">convert</a> and <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
				58
				59	<div style="margin: auto;">
				60	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
				61	</div>
				62
				63	<p class="magick-description">Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</p>
				64
				65	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<var>sigma</var>) is used. If <var>sigma</var> is not given it
				66	defaults to 1.</p>
				67
				68	<div style="margin: auto;">
				69	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
				70	</div>
				71
				72	<p class="magick-description">Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</p>
				73
				74	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	75	option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a
				76	href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm.
				77	Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a
				78	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	79
				80	<div style="margin: auto;">
				81	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
				82	</div>
				83
				84	<p class="magick-description">Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</p>
				85
				86	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
				87	(<var>sigma</var>) is used. If <var>sigma</var> is not given it
				88	defaults to 1.</p>
				89
				90	<div style="margin: auto;">
				91	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h3>
				92	</div>
				93
				94	<p class="magick-description">Join images into a single multi-image file.</p>
				95
				96	<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all images of
				97	an image sequence into the given output file. However, some formats, such as
				98	JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one image per file, and in that case
				99	ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As such, if
				100	more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is modified by
				101	adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene</a> number before the suffix, in order to
				102	make distinct names for each image. </p>
				103
				104	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written to
				105	separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images per file
				106	(for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
				107
				108	<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will
				109	automagically enable <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify
				110	where the <a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These
				111	strings, such as '<code>%d</code>' or '<code>%03d</code>', are familiar to those
				112	who have used the standard <code>printf()</code>' C-library function. As an
				113	example, the command</p>
				114
				115	<pre>
				116	convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg
				117	</pre>
				118
				119	<p>will create a sequence of 17 images (the two given plus 15 more created by
				120	<a href="command-line-options.html#morph">-morph</a>), named: my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg,
				121	my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg. </p>
				122
				123	<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will
				124	save to multiple files, if any of the following conditions exist...</p>
				125	<ol>
				126	<li>the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,</li>
				127	<li>the <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or</li>
				128	<li>a printf() integer format string (eg: "%d") is present in the output
				129	filename.</li>
				130	</ol>
				131
				132
				133	<div style="margin: auto;">
				134	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="affine"></a>-affine
				135	<var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>r<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>r<sub>y</sub></var>,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>[,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>]</h3>
				136	</div>
				137
				138	<p class="magick-description">Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</p>
				139
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	140	<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, for use by subsequent <a
				141	href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a> options. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	142
				143	<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values either in
				144	quotes or without spaces. </p>
				145
				146	<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them
				147	are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed)
				148	coordinates (<var>x'</var>, <var>y'</var>) of a pixel at
				149	position (<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>) in the original
				150	image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				151
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	152	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	153
				154	<p> The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that
				155	contains the transformed source image. The parameters
				156	<var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
				157	subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the
				158	image area are cut off.</p>
				159
				160	<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate
				161	system: positive <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> directions
				162	are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
				163
				164	<p> If the translation coefficients <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and
				165	<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are omitted they default to 0,0. Therefore,
				166	four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
				167
				168	<p>Scaling by the factors <var>s<sub>x</sub></var> and
				169	<var>s<sub>y</sub></var> in the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> directions,
				170	respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
				171
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	172	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a>, and the <a
				173	href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> method '<code>Affineprojection</code> for more
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	174	information </p>
				175
				176
				177	<pre>
				178	-affine <var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,0,0,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>
				179	</pre>
				180
				181	<p>Translation by a displacement (<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>, <var>t<sub>y</sub></var>) is accomplished like so:</p>
				182
				183	<pre>
				184	-affine 1,0,0,1,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
				185	</pre>
				186
				187	<p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle
				188	<var>a</var> by letting <var>c</var> = cos(<var>a</var>), <var>s</var>
				189	= sin(<var>a</var>), and using the following.</p>
				190
				191	<pre>
				192	-affine <var>c</var>,<var>s</var>,-<var>s</var>,<var>c</var>
				193	</pre>
				194
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	195	<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a>
				196	transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="command-line-options.html#affine"
				197	>-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	198	of the individual transformations.</p>
				199
				200	<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the
				201	matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
				202
				203	<div style="margin: auto;">
				204	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <var>type</var></h3>
				205	</div>
				206
				207	<p class="magick-description">Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</p>
				208
				209	<p>Used to set a flag on an image indicating whether or not to use existing alpha
				210	channel data, to create an alpha channel, or to perform other operations on the alpha channel. Choose the argument <var>type</var> from the list below.</p>
				211
				212	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				213	<dt>Activate</dt>
				214	<dd>
				215	Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally Set
				216	should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
				217	preserve existing (but specifically turned Off) transparency
				218	channel. </dd>
				219
				220	<dt>Associate</dt>
				221	<dd>
				222	associate the alpha channel with the image.</dd>
				223
				224	<dt>Deactivate</dt>
				225	<dd>
				226	Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
				227	existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</dd>
				228
				229	<dt>Disassociate</dt>
				230	<dd>
				231	disassociate the alpha channel from the image.</dd>
				232
				233	<dt>Set</dt>
				234	<dd>
				235	Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
				236	then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
				237	the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</dd>
				238
				239	<dt>Opaque</dt>
				240	<dd>
				241	Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
				242	</dd>
				243
				244	<dt>Transparent</dt>
				245	<dd>
				246	Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
				247	transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
				248	same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
				249	intact, but fully transparent. </dd>
				250
				251	<dt>Extract</dt>
				252	<dd>
				253	Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
				254	'Off' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	255	a grayscale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	256	intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of 'Copy'.
				257	</dd>
				258
				259	<dt>Copy</dt>
				260	<dd>
				261	Turns 'On' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	262	grayscale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
				263	a grayscale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	264	appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </dd>
				265
				266	<dt>Shape</dt>
				267	<dd>
				268	As per 'Copy' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
				269	the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
				270	replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
				271	</dd>
				272
				273	<dt>Remove</dt>
				274	<dd>
				275	Composite the image over the background color.
				276	</dd>
				277
				278	<dt>Background</dt>
				279	<dd>
				280	Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
				281	it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
				282	PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
				283	and thus can compress better.
				284	</dd>
				285	</dl>
				286
				287	<p>Note that while the obsolete <code>+matte</code> operation was the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	288	same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</code>", the <code>
				289	>-matte</code> operation was the same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a>
				290	Set</code>" and not "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</code>". </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	291
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	292	<div style="margin: auto;">
				293	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="alpha-color"></a>-alpha-color <var>color</var></h3>
				294	</div>
				295
				296	<p class="magick-description">Specify the color to be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option.</p>
				297
				298	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				299
				300	<p>The default matte color is <code>#BDBDBD</code>, <span
				301	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				302
				303	<p>This is an IMv7 option, use <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">mattecolor</a> with IMv6.</p>
				304
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	305
				306	<div style="margin: auto;">
				307	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="annotate"></a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	308	-annotate <var>degrees</var> <var>text</var><br />
				309	-annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	310	</div>
				311
				312	<p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with text</p>
				313
				314	<p>This is a convenience for annotating an image with text. For more precise
				315	control over text annotations, use <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>.</p>
				316
				317
				318	<p>The values <var>Xdegrees</var> and <var>Ydegrees</var>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	319	control the shears applied to the text, while <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are offsets that give the location of the text relative any <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> setting and defaults to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	320
				321	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>
				322	or <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>x<var>degrees</var> produces an unsheared rotation of the text. The
				323	direction of the rotation is positive, which means a clockwise rotation if <var>degrees</var> is positive. (This conforms to the usual mathematical
				324	convention once it is realized that the positive <var>y</var>–direction is
				325	conventionally considered to be <var>downward</var> for images.)</p>
				326
				327	<p>The new (transformed) coordinates (<var>x'</var>, <var>y'</var>) of a pixel at position (<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>) in the image are calculated using the following matrix
				328	equation.</p>
				329
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	330	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"/></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	331
				332	<p>If <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are omitted, they default to 0. This makes the
				333	bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	334	probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in this
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	335	case leads to nice results.</p>
				336
				337	<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <var>text</var>
				338	is of the form '@mytext.txt', the text is read from the file
				339	<code>mytext.txt</code>. Text in a file is taken literally; no embedded
				340	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				341
				342	<div style="margin: auto;">
				343	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h3>
				344	</div>
				345
				346	<p class="magick-description">Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when drawing fonts and lines.</p>
				347
				348	<p>By default, objects (e.g. text, lines, polygons, etc.) are antialiased when
				349	drawn. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#antialias">+antialias</a> to disable the addition of
				350	antialiasing edge pixels. This will then reduce the number of colors added to
				351	an image to just the colors being directly drawn. That is, no mixed colors
				352	are added when drawing such objects. </p>
				353
				354	<div style="margin: auto;">
				355	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="append"></a>-append</h3>
				356	</div>
				357
				358	<p class="magick-description">Join current images vertically or horizontally.</p>
				359
				360	<p>This option creates a single longer image, by joining all the current
				361	images in sequence top-to-bottom. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#append">+append</a> to
				362	stack images left-to-right. </p>
				363
				364	<p>If they are not of the same width, narrower images are padded with the
				365	current <a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	366	position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a
				367	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	368
				369
				370	<div style="margin: auto;">
				371	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <var>value</var></h3>
				372	</div>
				373
				374	<p class="magick-description">Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</p>
				375
				376	<p>If unset the value is equivalent to 1.0, or a maximum noise addition</p>
				377
				378	<div style="margin: auto;">
				379	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <var>password</var></h3>
				380	</div>
				381
				382	<p class="magick-description">Decrypt a PDF with a password.</p>
				383
				384	<p>Use this option to supply a <var>password</var> for decrypting
				385	a PDF that has been encrypted using Microsoft Crypto API (MSC API). The
				386	encrypting using the MSC API is not supported.</p>
				387
				388	<p>For a different encryption method, see <a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher</a>
				389	and <a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher</a>. </p>
				390
				391
				392	<div style="margin: auto;">
				393	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h3>
				394	</div>
				395
				396	<p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</p>
				397
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	398	<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a
				399	href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that is the mean color exists in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	400	image it will get a have a value of 50%. </p>
				401
				402	<p>This means that any solid 'gray' image becomes 50% gray. </p>
				403
				404	<p>This works well for real-life images with little or no extreme dark and
				405	light areas, but tend to fail for images with large amounts of bright sky or
				406	dark shadows. It also does not work well for diagrams or cartoon like images.
				407	</p>
				408
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	409	<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	410	'<var>sync</var>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine which color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	411	values is used and modified. As the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
				412	>-channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', channels are modified
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	413	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
				414
				415
				416
				417	<div style="margin: auto;">
				418	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h3>
				419	</div>
				420
				421	<p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust color levels of image.</p>
				422
				423	<p>This is a 'perfect' image normalization operator. It finds the exact
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	424	minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a
				425	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	426	values. </p>
				427
				428	<p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
				429	JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	430	for the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	431	right operator to use for color stretching gradient images being used to
				432	generate Color lookup tables, distortion maps, or other 'mathematically'
				433	defined images. </p>
				434
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	435	<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a
				436	href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch"
				437	>-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
				438	problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level"
				439	>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	440
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	441	<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	442	special '<var>sync</var>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	443	which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
				444	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	445	'<var>sync</var>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
				446	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
				447	transparency. </p>
				448
				449
				450	<div style="margin: auto;">
				451	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h3>
				452	</div>
				453
				454	<p class="magick-description">adjusts an image so that its orientation is suitable for viewing (i.e. top-left orientation).</p>
				455
				456	<p>This operator reads and resets the EXIF image profile setting 'Orientation'
				457	and then performs the appropriate 90 degree rotation on the image to orient
				458	the image, for correct viewing. </p>
				459
				460	<p>This EXIF profile setting is usually set using a gravity sensor in digital
				461	camera, however photos taken directly downward or upward may not have an
				462	appropriate value. Also images that have been orientation 'corrected' without
				463	reseting this setting, may be 'corrected' again resulting in a incorrect
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	464	result. If the EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a
				465	href="command-line-options.html#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	466
				467
				468	<div style="margin: auto;">
				469	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="average"></a>-average</h3>
				470	</div>
				471
				472	<p class="magick-description">Average a set of images.</p>
				473
				474	<p>An error results if the images are not identically sized.</p>
				475
				476
				477	<div style="margin: auto;">
				478	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h3>
				479	</div>
				480
				481	<p class="magick-description">Display the image centered on a backdrop.</p>
				482
				483	<p>This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding
				484	other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop is
				485	specified as the background color. The color is specified using the format
				486	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				487
				488	<div style="margin: auto;">
				489	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="background"></a>-background <var>color</var></h3>
				490	</div>
				491
				492	<p class="magick-description">Set the background color.</p>
				493
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	494	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a
				495	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	496	specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
				497
				498	<div style="margin: auto;">
				499	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bench"></a>-bench <var>iterations</var></h3>
				500	</div>
				501
				502	<p class="magick-description">Measure performance.</p>
				503
				504	<p>Repeat the entire command for the given number of <var>iterations</var> and report the user-time and elapsed time. For instance,
				505	consider the following command and its output. Modify the benchmark with the
				506	-duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent
				507	to run the benchmark in parallel (requires the OpenMP feature).</p>
				508
				509	<pre>
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	510	-> convert logo: -resize 200% -bench 5 logo.png
				511	Performance[1]: 5i 1.344ips 1.000e 3.710u 0:03.720
				512	Performance[2]: 5i 1.634ips 0.549e 3.890u 0:03.060
				513	Performance[3]: 5i 2.174ips 0.618e 3.190u 0:02.300
				514	Performance[4]: 5i 1.678ips 0.555e 3.810u 0:02.980
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	515	Performance[4]: 5i 0.875657ips 6.880u 0:05.710
				516	</pre>
				517
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	518	<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 2.174 iterations per
				519	second, using 3 threads and 3.190 seconds of the user allotted time, for
				520	a total elapsed time of 2.300 seconds.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	521
				522	<div style="margin: auto;">
				523	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bias"></a>-bias <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				524	</div>
				525
				526	<p class="magick-description">Add bias when convolving an image.</p>
				527
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	528	<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	529	positive and negative results are relative to the specified bias value. </p>
				530
				531	<p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing
				532	with convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				533	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				534	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values are clipped at
				535	zero.</p>
				536
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	537	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	538	negative results without clipping to the color value range
				539	(0..QuantumRange).</p>
				540
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	541	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				542	href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
				543	about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				544	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages or this
				545	<a
				546	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	547	entry. </p>
				548
				549	<div style="margin: auto;">
				550	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h3>
				551	</div>
				552
				553	<p class="magick-description">Use black point compensation.</p>
				554
				555	<div style="margin: auto;">
				556	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				557	</div>
				558
				559	<p class="magick-description">Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</p>
				560
				561	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				562	value within [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>] corresponding to the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	563	desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	564
				565
				566	<div style="margin: auto;">
				567	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blend"></a>-blend <var>geometry</var></h3>
				568	</div>
				569
				570	<p class="magick-description">blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</p>
				571
				572	<p>Blend will average the images together ('plus') according to the
				573	percentages given and each pixels transparency. If only a single percentage
				574	value is given it sets the weight of the composite or 'source' image, while
				575	the background image is weighted by the exact opposite amount. That is a
				576	<code>-blend 30%</code> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
				577	'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <code>-blend 30x70%</code>.</p>
				578
				579
				580	<div style="margin: auto;">
				581	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <var>x</var>,<var>y</var></h3>
				582	</div>
				583
				584	<p class="magick-description">Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</p>
				585
				586	<div style="margin: auto;">
				587	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <var>factor</var></h3>
				588	</div>
				589
				590	<p class="magick-description">simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</p>
				591
				592	<div style="margin: auto;">
				593
				594	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	595	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blur"></a>-blur <var>radius</var><br />-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	596	</div>
				597
				598	<p class="magick-description">Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</p>
				599
				600	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	601	<var >Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	602
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	603	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	604
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	605	<p>The <var >Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	606	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
				607
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	608	<p>The <var >Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	609	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
				610	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
				611	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				612	</p>
				613
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	614	<p>The larger the <var >Radius</var> the slower the
				615	operation is. However too small a <var >Radius</var>, and sever
				616	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var >Radius</var>
				617	should be at least twice the <var >Sigma</var> value, though three
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	618	times will produce a more accurate result. </p>
				619
				620	<p>This option differs from <a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> simply
				621	by taking advantage of the separability properties of the distribution. Here
				622	we apply a single-dimensional Gaussian matrix in the horizontal direction,
				623	then repeat the process in the vertical direction.</p>
				624
				625	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				626	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				627	</p>
				628
				629
				630	<div style="margin: auto;">
				631	<h3 class="magick-header">-blur <var>Width</var>[x<var>Height</var>[+<var>Angle</var>]]</h3>
				632	</div>
				633
				634	<p class="magick-description">Variably blur an image according to the overlay mapping.</p>
				635
				636	<p>Each pixel in the overlaid region is replaced with an Elliptical Weighted
				637	Average (EWA) of the source image, scaled according to the grayscale
				638	mapping. </p>
				639
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	640	<p>The ellipse is weighted with sigma set to the given <var>Width</var> and <var >Height</var>. The <var >Height</var>
				641	defaults to the <var >Width</var> for a normal circular Gaussian
				642	weighting. The <var >Angle</var> will rotate the ellipse from
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	643	horizontal clock-wise. </p>
				644
				645	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				646	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				647	</p>
				648
				649
				650	<div style="margin: auto;">
				651	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="border"></a>-border <var>geometry</var></h3>
				652	</div>
				653
				654	<p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border of color. </p>
				655
				656	<p>Set the width and height using the <var>size</var> portion of the
				657	<var>geometry</var> argument. See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets are
				658	ignored. </p>
				659
				660	<p>As of IM 6.7.8-8, the <var>geometry</var> arguments behave as follows:</p>
				661
				662	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				663	<dt><var>value</var></dt>
				664	<dd>value is added to both left/right and top/bottom</dd>
				665	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd></dt>
				666	<dd>value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				667	<dt><kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				668	<dd>value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				669	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				670	<dd>value-x is added to left/right and value-y added to top/bottom</dd>
				671	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd>0</dt>
				672	<dd>value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				673	<dt>0<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				674	<dd>value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				675	<dt><var>value</var>%</dt>
				676	<dd>value % of width is added to left/right and value % of height is added to top/bottom</dd>
				677	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd>%</dt>
				678	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and to top/bottom</dd>
				679	<dt>x<var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				680	<dd>value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and to left/right</dd>
				681	<dt><var>value-x</var>%<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				682	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and value-y % of height is added to top/bottom</dd>
				683	<dt><var>value-x</var>%<kbd>x</kbd>0%</dt>
				684	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				685	<dt>0%<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				686	<dd>value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				687	</dl>
				688
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	689	<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a
				690	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	691
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	692	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a
				693	href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	694	'<code>Over</code>' composition method. It generates an image of the appropriate
				695	size colors by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
				696	overlaying the original image in the center of this net image. This means that
				697	with the default compose method of '<code>Over</code>' any transparent parts may
				698	be replaced by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
				699	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, which has more
				700	functionality.</p>
				701
				702	<div style="margin: auto;">
				703	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <var>color</var></h3>
				704	</div>
				705
				706	<p class="magick-description">Set the border color.</p>
				707
				708	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				709
				710	<p>The default border color is <code>#DFDFDF</code>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				711
				712	<div style="margin: auto;">
				713	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <var>geometry</var> </h3>
				714	</div>
				715
				716	<p class="magick-description">Set the border width.</p>
				717
				718	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	719	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var><br />-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var>{x<var>contrast</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	720	</div>
				721
				722	<p class="magick-description">Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</p>
				723
				724	<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are
				725	not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change.
				726	The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
				727	brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast.
				728	To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness,
				729	set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
				730
				731	<p>You may also use <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to
				732	apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same
				733	transformation to all channels.</p>
				734
				735	<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a
				736	linear transform and applied
				737	using <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
				738
				739	<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
				740	contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
				741	midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but
				742	not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation
				743	is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
				744
				745	<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this
				746	function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
				747
				748	<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
				749	at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is
				750	totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
				751	totally black.</p>
				752
				753	<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
				754	symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
				755
				756	<div style="margin: auto;">
				757	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cache"></a>-cache <var>threshold</var></h3>
				758	</div>
				759
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	760	<p class="magick-description">(This option has been replaced by the <a href='command-line-options.html#limit'>-limit</a> option).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	761
				762	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	763	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="canny"></a>-canny <var>radius</var><br/>-canny <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+lower-percent</var>}{<var>+upper-percent</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	764	</div>
				765
				766	<p class="magick-description">Canny edge detector uses a multi-stage algorithm to detect a wide range of edges in the image.</p>
				767
				768	<p>The thresholds range from 0 to 100% (e.g. -canny 0x1+10%+30%) with {<var>+lower-percent</var>} < {<var>+upper-percent</var>}. If {<var>+upper-percent</var>} is increased but {<var>+lower-percent</var>} remains the same, lesser edge components will be detected, but their lengths will be the same. If {<var>+lower-percent</var>} is increased but {<var>+upper-percent</var>} is the same, the same number of edge components will be detected but their lengths will be shorter. The default thresholds are shown. The <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var> controls a gaussian blur applied to the input image to reduce noise and smooth the edges.</p>
				769
				770	<div style="margin: auto;">
				771	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="caption"></a>-caption <var>string</var></h3>
				772	</div>
				773
				774	<p class="magick-description">Assign a caption to an image.</p>
				775
				776	<p>This option sets the caption meta-data of an image read in after this
				777	option has been given. To modify a caption of images already in memory use
				778	"<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> caption</code>". </p>
				779
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	780	<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				781	href="escape.html">Format and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	782	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the caption
				783	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				784
				785	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image caption is read from a file titled by the
				786	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				787	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				788
				789	<p>Caption meta-data is not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				790	<a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> options
				791	instead.</p>
				792
				793	<p>For example,</p>
				794
				795	<pre>
				796	-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				797	</pre>
				798
				799	<p>produces an image caption of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> (assuming
				800	that the image <code>bird.miff</code> has a width of 512 and a height of
				801	480.</p>
				802
				803
				804	<div style="margin: auto;">
				805	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <var>filename</var></h3>
				806	</div>
				807
				808	<p class="magick-description">color correct with a color decision list.</p>
				809
				810	<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
				811
				812	<pre>
				813	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				814	<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
				815	<ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
				816	<SOPNode>
				817	<Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
				818	<Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
				819	<Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
				820	</SOPNode>
				821	<SATNode>
				822	<Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
				823	</SATNode>
				824	</ColorCorrection>
				825	</ColorCorrectionCollection>
				826	</pre>
				827
				828	<div style="margin: auto;">
				829	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="channel"></a>-channel <var>type</var></h3>
				830	</div>
				831
				832	<p class="magick-description">Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</p>
				833
				834	<p>Choose from: <code>Red</code>, <code>Green</code>, <code>Blue</code>,
				835	<code>Alpha</code>, <code>Gray</code>, <code>Cyan</code>, <code>Magenta</code>,
				836	<code>Yellow</code>, <code>Black</code>, <code>Opacity</code>,
				837	<code>Index</code>, <code>RGB</code>, <code>RGBA</code>, <code>CMYK</code>, or
				838	<code>CMYKA</code>.</p>
				839
				840	<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
				841	abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<code>R</code>', '<code>G</code>',
				842	'<code>B</code>', '<code>A</code>', '<code>O</code>', '<code>C</code>',
				843	'<code>M</code>', '<code>Y</code>', '<code>K</code>'.
				844
				845	For example, to only select the <code>Red</code> and <code>Blue</code> channels
				846	you can either use </p>
				847	<pre>
				848	-channel Red,Blue
				849	</pre>
				850	<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
				851	<pre>
				852	-channel RB
				853	</pre>
				854
				855	<p>All the channels that are present in an image can be specified using the
				856	special channel type <code>All</code>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
				857	but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
				858	will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
				859
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	860	<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	861
				862	<p>On top of the normal channel selection an extra flag can be specified,
				863	'<code>Sync</code>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
				864	operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
				865	synchronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
				866	operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
				867	channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				868	setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
				869
				870	<p>For example for operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and
				871	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels are modified
				872	together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
				873	it being set, then each channel is modified separately and
				874	independently, which may produce color distortion. </p>
				875
				876	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a> '<code>Convolve</code>' method
				877	and the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
				878	the '<code>Sync</code>' flag to modify the behavior of pixel colors according
				879	to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
				880	processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
				881	contribute to the final result. </p>
				882
				883	<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in synchronous, and
				884	treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				885	setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<code>Sync</code>' flag.
				886	How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
				887	Not all operators understands this flag at this time, but that is changing.
				888	</p>
				889
				890	<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				891	channel</a>.</p>
				892
				893	<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to the value
				894	'<code>RGBK,sync</code>', which specifies that operators act on all color
				895	channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
				896	to be modified in exactly the same way, with an understanding of transparency
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	897	(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
				898	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	899
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	900	<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	901	include the following.
				902
				903	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
				904	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a>,
				905	<a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">-black-threshold</a>,
				906	<a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>,
				907	<a href="command-line-options.html#clamp">-clamp</a>,
				908	<a href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a>,
				909	<a href="command-line-options.html#combine">-combine</a>,
				910	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
				911	<a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>,
				912	<a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
				913	<a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
				914	<a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a>,
				915	<a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx</a>,
				916	<a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
				917	<a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
				918	<a href="command-line-options.html#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
				919	<a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a>,
				920	<a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a>,
				921	<a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>,
				922	<a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
				923	<a href="command-line-options.html#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
				924	<a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
				925	<a href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>,
				926	<a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
				927	<a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
				928	</p>
				929
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	930	<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
				931	>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
				932	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	933	default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
				934	flag. </p>
				935
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	936	<p>For example <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default grayscale
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	937	the image before thresholding, if no <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	938	has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
				939
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	940	<p>Also some operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, <a
				941	href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
				942	color channels if the '<code>alpha</code>' channel is also enabled by <a
				943	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	944	fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
				945	underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
				946	resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a>
				947	convolution equivalents however does have a understanding of the 'Sync' flag
				948	and will thus handle transparency correctly by default. </p>
				949
				950	<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
				951	color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	952	alpha channel present, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
				953	the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
				954	href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	955
				956
				957
				958	<div style="margin: auto;">
				959	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <var>factor</var></h3>
				960	</div>
				961
				962	<p class="magick-description">Simulate a charcoal drawing.</p>
				963
				964	<div style="margin: auto;">
				965	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="chop"></a>-chop <var>geometry</var></h3>
				966	</div>
				967
				968	<p class="magick-description">Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</p>
				969
				970	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <var>width</var>
				971	and <var>height</var> given in the of the <var>size</var>
				972	portion of the <var>geometry</var> argument give the number of
				973	columns and rows to remove. The <var>offset</var> portion of
				974	the <var>geometry</var> argument is influenced by
				975	a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
				976
				977	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
				978	and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
				979
				980	<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more
				981	typically used with as <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and zero
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	982	offsets so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a
				983	href="command-line-options.html#shave" >-shave</a> which removes equal numbers of pixels from opposite
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	984	sides of the image. </p>
				985
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	986	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> effectively undoes the results of a <a
				987	href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <var>geometry</var> and <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	988
				989	<div style="margin: auto;">
				990	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h3>
				991	</div>
				992
				993	<p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</p>
				994
				995	<div style="margin: auto;">
				996	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h3>
				997	</div>
				998
				999	<p class="magick-description">Apply the clipping path if one is present.</p>
				1000
				1001	<p>If a clipping path is present, it is applied to subsequent operations.</p>
				1002
				1003	<p>For example, in the command</p>
				1004
				1005	<pre>
				1006	convert cockatoo.tif -clip -negate negated.tif
				1007	</pre>
				1008
				1009	<p>only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</p>
				1010
				1011	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a> feature requires SVG support. If the SVG
				1012	delegate library is not present, the option is ignored.</p>
				1013
				1014	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">+clip</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1015
				1016	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1017	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h3>
				1018	</div>
				1019
				1020	<p class="magick-description">Clip the image as defined by this mask.</p>
				1021
				1022	<p>Use the alpha channel of the current image as a mask. Any areas that is
				1023	white is not modified by any of the 'image processing operators' that follow,
				1024	until the mask is removed. Pixels in the black areas of the clip mask are
				1025	modified per the requirements of the operator. </p>
				1026
				1027	<p>In some ways this is similar to (though not the same) as defining
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1028	a rectangular <a href="command-line-options.html#region" >-region</a>, or using the negative of the
				1029	mask (third) image in a three image <a href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1030	operation. </p>
				1031
				1032	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">+clip-mask</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1033
				1034	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1035	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <var>id</var></h3>
				1036	</div>
				1037
				1038	<p class="magick-description">Clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile.</p>
				1039
				1040	<p>This is identical to <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a> except choose a specific clip path in the event the image has more than one path available. </p>
				1041
				1042	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-path">+clip-path</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1043
				1044	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1045	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clone"></a>-clone <var>index(s)</var></h3>
				1046	</div>
				1047
				1048	<p class="magick-description">make a clone of an image (or images).</p>
				1049
				1050	<p>Inside parenthesis (where the operator is normally used) it will make a
				1051	clone of the images from the last 'pushed' image sequence, and adds them to
				1052	the end of the current image sequence. Outside parenthesis
				1053	(not recommended) it clones the images from the current image sequence. </p>
				1054
				1055	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
				1056	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for
				1057	example, <code>−1</code>
				1058	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a
				1059	dash (e.g. <code>0−4</code>). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no
				1060	spaces (e.g. <code>0,2,5</code>). A value of '<code>0−−1</code> will
				1061	effectively clone all the images. </p>
				1062
				1063	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
				1064	in the image sequence, and is thus equivalent to using a argument of
				1065	'<code>−1</code>'. </p>
				1066
				1067	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1068	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h3>
				1069	</div>
				1070
				1071	<p class="magick-description">Replace the channel values in the first image using each corresponding channel in the second image as a <b>c</b>olor <b>l</b>ook<b>u</b>p <b>t</b>able.</p>
				1072
				1073	<p>The second (LUT) image is ordinarily a gradient image containing the
				1074	histogram mapping of how each channel should be modified. Typically it is a
				1075	either a single row or column image of replacement color values. If larger
				1076	than a single row or column, values are taken from a diagonal line from
				1077	top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
				1078
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1079	<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a
				1080	href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1081	LUT which is not the full length needed by the ImageMagick installed Quality
				1082	(Q) level. Good settings for this are the '<code>bilinear</code>' and
				1083	'<code>bicubic</code>' interpolation settings, which give smooth color
				1084	gradients, and the '<code>integer</code>' setting for a direct, unsmoothed
				1085	lookup of color values. </p>
				1086
				1087	<p>This operator is especially suited to replacing a grayscale image with a
				1088	specific color gradient from the CLUT image. </p>
				1089
				1090	<p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1091	setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a
				1092	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is <code>RGB</code>, this means that
				1093	transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a
				1094	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
				1095	set, it is treated by the <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same way
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1096	as the other channels, implying that alpha/matte values are replaced using the
				1097	alpha/matte values of the original image. </p>
				1098
				1099	<p>If either the image being modified, or the lookup image, contains no
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1100	transparency (i.e. <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
				1101	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1102	assumed that image represents a grayscale gradient which is used for the
				1103	replacement alpha values. That is you can use a grayscale CLUT image to
				1104	adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a grayscale image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1105	using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
				1106	</p>
				1107
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1108	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1109	according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
				1110	of a 3D color cube. </p>
				1111
				1112
				1113	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1114	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h3>
				1115	</div>
				1116
				1117	<p class="magick-description">Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</p>
				1118
				1119	<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to
				1120	its <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
				1121	an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be
				1122	the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the
				1123	animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames
				1124	are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay
				1125	images. </p>
				1126
				1127	<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
				1128	the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> method '<code>optimize</code>', although
				1129	there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is
				1130	better than the original. </p>
				1131
				1132
				1133	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1134	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <var>value</var></h3>
				1135	</div>
				1136
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1137	<p class="magick-description">Colorize the image by an amount specified by <var>value</var> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1138
				1139	<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
				1140	values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
				1141	a comma-delimited list of colorization
				1142	values (e.g., <code>-colorize 0,0,50</code>).</p>
				1143
				1144	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1145	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <var>type</var></h3>
				1146	</div>
				1147
				1148	<p class="magick-description">Define the colormap type.</p>
				1149
				1150	<p>The <var>type</var> can be <code>shared</code> or <code>private</code>.</p>
				1151
				1152	<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual
				1153	is <code>PseudoColor</code> or <code>GrayScale</code>. Refer
				1154	to <a href="command-line-options.html#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
				1155	a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with
				1156	other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated,
				1157	therefore your image may look very different than intended.
				1158	If <code>private</code> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly
				1159	as they are defined. However, other clients may go <var>technicolor</var>
				1160	when the image colormap is installed.</p>
				1161
				1162	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1163	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colors"></a>-colors <var>value</var></h3>
				1164	</div>
				1165
				1166	<p class="magick-description">Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</p>
				1167
				1168	<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
				1169	but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer
				1170	unique colors than specified by <var>value</var> will have any
				1171	duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color
				1172	palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
				1173	it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
				1174	reducing the number of colors. Refer to
				1175	the <a href="quantize.html">
				1176	color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
				1177
				1178	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1179	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <var>matrix</var></h3>
				1180	</div>
				1181
				1182	<p class="magick-description">apply color correction to the image.</p>
				1183
				1184	<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha,
				1185	and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
				1186	can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6
				1187	for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by
				1188	Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of
				1189	CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
				1190
				1191	<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
				1192
				1193	<pre>
				1194	convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
				1195	" 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1196	0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1197	0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1198	0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
				1199	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
				1200	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
				1201	</pre>
				1202	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1203	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <var>value</var></h3>
				1204	</div>
				1205
				1206	<p class="magick-description">Set the image colorspace.</p>
				1207
				1208	<p>Choices are:</p>
				1209
				1210	<pre>
				1211	CMY CMYK Gray HCL
				1212	HCLp HSB HSI HSL
				1213	HSV HWB Lab LCHab
				1214	LCHuv LMS Log Luv
				1215	OHTA Rec601YCbCr Rec709YCbCr RGB
				1216	scRGB sRGB Transparent xyY
				1217	XYZ YCbCr YCC YDbDr
				1218	YIQ YPbPr YUV
				1219	</pre>
				1220
				1221	<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
				1222
				1223	<p>For a more accurate color conversion to or from the linear RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> option. Note, ImageMagick assumes the sRGB colorspace if the image format does not indicate otherwise. For colorspace conversion, the gamma function is first removed to produce linear RGB.</p>
				1224
				1225	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				1226	<caption>Conversion of RGB to Other Color Spaces</caption>
				1227	<tr><th valign="middle">CMY</th></tr>
				1228	<tr><td valign="middle">C=<var>QuantumRange</var>−R</td></tr>
				1229	<tr><td valign="middle">M=<var>QuantumRange</var>−G</td></tr>
				1230	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=<var>QuantumRange</var>−B</td></tr>
				1231	<tr><th valign="middle">CMYK — starts with CMY from above</th></tr>
				1232	<tr><td valign="middle">K=min(C,Y,M)</td></tr>
				1233	<tr><td valign="middle">C=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(C−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1234	<tr><td valign="middle">M=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(M−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1235	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(Y−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1236
				1237	<tr><th valign="middle">Gray</th></tr>
				1238	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray = 0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B</td></tr>
				1239
				1240	<tr><th valign="middle">HSB — Hue, Saturation, Brightness; like a cone peak downward</th></tr>
				1241	<tr><td valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1242	<tr><td valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1243	<tr><td valign="middle">B=distance along axis from bottom upward; B=max(R,G,B); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1244
				1245	<tr><th valign="middle">HSL — Hue, Saturation, Lightness; like a double cone end-to-end with peaks at very top and bottom</th></tr>
				1246	<tr><td valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1247	<tr><td valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1248	<tr><td valign="middle">L=distance along axis from bottom upward; L=0.5max(R,G,B) + 0.5min(R,G,B); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1249
				1250	<tr><th valign="middle">HWB — Hue, Whiteness, Blackness</th></tr>
				1251	<tr><td valign="middle">Hue (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1252	<tr><td valign="middle">Whiteness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1253	<tr><td valign="middle">Blackness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1254
				1255	<tr><th valign="middle">LAB</th></tr>
				1256	<tr><td valign="middle">L (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1257	<tr><td valign="middle">A (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1258	<tr><td valign="middle">B (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1259
				1260	<tr><th valign="middle">LOG</th></tr>
				1261	<tr><td valign="middle">I1 (complicated equation involving logarithm of R)</td></tr>
				1262	<tr><td valign="middle">I2 (complicated equation involving logarithm of G)</td></tr>
				1263	<tr><td valign="middle">I3 (complicated equation involving logarithm of B)</td></tr>
				1264
				1265	<tr><th valign="middle">OHTA — approximates principal components transformation</th></tr>
				1266	<tr><td valign="middle">I1=0.33333R+0.33334G+0.33333*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1267	<tr><td valign="middle">I2=(0.50000R+0.00000G−0.50000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1268	<tr><td valign="middle">I3=(−0.25000R+0.50000G−0.25000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1269
				1270	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec601Luma</th></tr>
				1271	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray = 0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B</td></tr>
				1272
				1273	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec601YCbCr</th></tr>
				1274	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1275	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R-0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1276	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1277
				1278	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec709Luma</th></tr>
				1279	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray=0.212656R+0.715158G+0.072186*B</td></tr>
				1280
				1281	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec709YCbCr</th></tr>
				1282	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.212656R+0.715158G+0.072186*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1283	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.114572R−0.385428G+0.500000*B)+(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1284	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.454153G−0.045847*B)+(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1285
				1286	<tr><th valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
				1287	<tr><td valign="middle">if R ≤ .0.0031308 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1288	<tr><td valign="middle">if G ≤ .0.0031308 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1289	<tr><td valign="middle">if B ≤ .0.0031308 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1290
				1291	<tr><th valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
				1292	<tr><td valign="middle">X=0.4124564R+0.3575761G+0.1804375*B</td></tr>
				1293	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2126729R+0.7151522G+0.0721750*B</td></tr>
				1294	<tr><td valign="middle">Z=0.0193339R+0.1191920G+0.9503041*B</td></tr>
				1295
				1296	<tr><th valign="middle">YCC</th></tr>
				1297	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=(0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B) (with complicated scaling); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1298	<tr><td valign="middle">C1=(−0.298839R−0.586811G+0.88600*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1299	<tr><td valign="middle">C2=(0.70100R−0.586811G−0.114350*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1300
				1301	<tr><th valign="middle">YCbCr</th></tr>
				1302	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1303	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1304	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1305
				1306	<tr><th valign="middle">YIQ</th></tr>
				1307	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1308	<tr><td valign="middle">I=(0.59600R−0.27400G−0.32200B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1309	<tr><td valign="middle">Q=(0.21100R−0.52300G+0.31200B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1310
				1311	<tr><th valign="middle">YPbPr</th></tr>
				1312	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1313	<tr><td valign="middle">Pb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1314	<tr><td valign="middle">Pr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1315
				1316	<tr><th valign="middle">YUV</th></tr>
				1317	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1318	<tr><td valign="middle">U=(−0.14740R−0.28950G+0.43690B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1319	<tr><td valign="middle">V=(0.61500R−0.51500G−0.10000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1320	</table>
				1321
				1322	<p>Note the scRGB colorspace requires HDRI support otherwise it behaves just like linear RGB.</p>
				1323
				1324	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1325	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h3>
				1326	</div>
				1327
				1328	<p class="magick-description">Combine one or more images into a single image.</p>
				1329
				1330	<p>The channels (previously set by <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>) of the
				1331	combined image are taken from the grayscale values of each image in the
				1332	sequence, in order. For the default -channel setting of <code>RGB</code>, this
				1333	means the first image is assigned to the <code>Red</code> channel, the second
				1334	to the <code>Green</code> channel, the third to the <code>Blue</code>.</p>
				1335
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1336	<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a
				1337	href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1338	Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the
				1339	original. </p>
				1340
				1341	<pre>
				1342	convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png
				1343	convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \
				1344	-combine imagecopy.png
				1345	</pre>
				1346
				1347	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1348	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="comment"></a>-comment <var>string</var></h3>
				1349	</div>
				1350
				1351	<p class="magick-description">Embed a comment in an image.</p>
				1352
				1353	<p>This option sets the comment meta-data of an image read in after this
				1354	option has been given. To modify a comment of images already in memory use
				1355	"<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> comment</code>". </p>
				1356
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1357	<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				1358	href="escape.html">Format and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1359	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the comment
				1360	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				1361
				1362	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image comment is read from a file titled by the
				1363	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				1364	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				1365
				1366	<p>Comment meta-data are not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				1367	<a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> options
				1368	instead.</p>
				1369
				1370	<p>For example,</p>
				1371
				1372	<pre>
				1373	-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				1374	</pre>
				1375
				1376	<p>produces an image comment of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> (assuming
				1377	that the image <code>bird.miff</code> has a width of 512 and a height of
				1378	480.</p>
				1379
				1380	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1381	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compare"></a>-compare</h3>
				1382	</div>
				1383
				1384	<p class="magick-description">mathematically and visually annotate the difference between an image and its reconstruction</p>
				1385
				1386	<p>This is a convert version of "<code>compare</code>" for two same sized images. The syntax is as follows, but other metrics are allowed.</p>
				1387
				1388	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1389	convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare \ <br/> difference.png
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1390	</pre>
				1391
				1392	<p>To get the metric value use the string format "%[distortion]".</p>
				1393
				1394	<pre>
				1395	convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare -format \
				1396	"%[distortion]" info:
				1397	</pre>
				1398
				1399	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1400	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="complex"></a>-complex <var>operator</var></h3>
				1401	</div>
				1402
				1403	<p class="magick-description">perform complex mathematics on an image sequence</p>
				1404
				1405	Choose from these operators:
				1406
				1407	<pre>
				1408	add
				1409	conjugate
				1410	divide
				1411	magnitude-phase
				1412	multiply
				1413	real-imaginary
				1414	subtract
				1415	</pre>
				1416
				1417	<p>Optionally specify the <code>divide</code> operator SNR with <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> complex:snr=float</code>.</p>
				1418
				1419	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1420	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compose"></a>-compose <var>operator</var></h3>
				1421	</div>
				1422
				1423	<p class="magick-description">Set the type of image composition.</p>
				1424
				1425	<p>See <a href="compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				1426	a detailed discussion of alpha compositing.</p>
				1427
				1428	<p>This setting effects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
				1429	images together in some way. This includes the operators,
				1430	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-compare</a>,
				1431	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a>,
				1432	<a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> composite,
				1433	<a href="command-line-options.html#flatten">-flatten</a>,
				1434	<a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic">-mosaic</a>,
				1435	<a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> merge,
				1436	<a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a>,
				1437	<a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a>,
				1438	and <a href="command-line-options.html#extent">-extent</a>. </p>
				1439
				1440	<p>It is also one of the primary options for the "<code>composite</code>"
				1441	command. </p>
				1442
				1443
				1444	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1445	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h3>
				1446	</div>
				1447
				1448	<p class="magick-description">Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</p>
				1449
				1450	<p>Take the first image 'destination' and overlay the second 'source' image
				1451	according to the current <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting. The location
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1452	of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1453	href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1454	settings. </p>
				1455
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1456	<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a grayscale blending 'mask' image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1457	relative to the first 'destination' image. This mask is blended with the
				1458	source image. However for the '<code>displace</code>' compose method, the
				1459	mask is used to provide a separate Y-displacement image instead. </p>
				1460
				1461	<p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1462	arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a
				1463	href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:args</code>'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1464	appropriately for the compose method. </p>
				1465
				1466	<p>Some <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destination'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1467	image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a
				1468	href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:outside-overlay</code>'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1469	to '<code>false</code>'. </p>
				1470
				1471	<p>The SVG compositing specification requires that color and opacity values range between zero and QuantumRange inclusive. You can permit values outside this range with this option: <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:clamp=false</code></p>
				1472
				1473
				1474	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1475	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compress"></a>-compress <var>type</var></h3>
				1476	</div>
				1477
				1478	<p class="magick-description">Use pixel compression specified by <var>type</var> when writing the image.</p>
				1479
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1480	<p>Choices are: <code>None</code>, <code>BZip</code>, <code
				1481	>Fax</code>, <code>Group4</code>, <code
				1482	>JPEG</code>, <code>JPEG2000</code>, <code
				1483	>Lossless</code>, <code>LZW</code>, <code
				1484	>RLE</code> or <code>Zip</code>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1485
				1486	<p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				1487	compress</a>.</p>
				1488
				1489	<p>Specify <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">+compress</a> to store the binary image in an
				1490	uncompressed format. The default is the compression type of the specified
				1491	image file.</p>
				1492
				1493	<p>If <code>LZW</code> compression is specified but LZW compression has not been
				1494	enabled, the image data is written in an uncompressed LZW format that can be
				1495	read by LZW decoders. This may result in larger-than-expected GIF files.</p>
				1496
				1497	<p><code>Lossless</code> refers to lossless JPEG, which is only available if the
				1498	JPEG library has been patched to support it. Use of lossless JPEG is generally
				1499	not recommended.</p>
				1500
				1501	<p>
				1502	When writing an ICO file, you may request that the images be encoded in
				1503	PNG format, by specifying <code>Zip</code> compression.</p>
				1504
				1505	<p>
				1506	When writing a JNG file, specify <code>Zip</code> compression to request that
				1507	the alpha channel be encoded in PNG "IDAT" format, or <code>JPEG</code>
				1508	to request that it be encoded in JPG "JDAA" format.</p>
				1509
				1510	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression level
				1511	to be used by JPEG, PNG, MIFF, and MPEG encoders.
				1512	Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the
				1513	sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling
				1514	the chroma channels.</p>
				1515
				1516	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1517	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="connected-components"></a>-connected-components <var>connectivity</var></h3>
				1518	</div>
				1519
Cristy	ce4a355	2015-12-14 13:53:35 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1520	<p class="magick-description"><a href="connected-components.html">connected-components</a> labeling detects connected regions in an image, choose from 4 or 8 way connectivity.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1521
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1522	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> connected-components:verbose=true</code> to output statistics associated with each unique label.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1523
				1524	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1525	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h3>
				1526	</div>
				1527
				1528	<p class="magick-description">Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</p>
				1529
				1530	<p>This option enhances the intensity differences between the lighter and
				1531	darker elements of the image. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">-contrast</a> to enhance
				1532	the image or <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">+contrast</a> to reduce the image
				1533	contrast.</p>
				1534
				1535	<p>For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</p>
				1536
				1537	<pre>
				1538	convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png
				1539	</pre>
				1540
				1541	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1542	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1543	</div>
				1544
				1545	<p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range of intensity values.</p>
				1546
				1547	<p>While performing the stretch, black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1548	<var >black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1549
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1550	<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
				1551	>-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var >total pixels
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1552	minus white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <var>black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>100% minus white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
				1553
				1554	<p>Note that <code>-contrast-stretch 0</code> will modify the image such that
				1555	the image's min and max values are stretched to 0 and <var>QuantumRange</var>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1556	clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize"
				1557	>-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <code>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</code> (or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1558	prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <code>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</code>).</p>
				1559
				1560	<p>Internally operator works by creating a histogram bin, and then uses that
				1561	bin to modify the image. As such some colors may be merged together when they
				1562	originally fell into the same 'bin'. </p>
				1563
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1564	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the same amount so as to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1565	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
				1566	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1567	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				1568
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1569	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1570	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				1571
				1572	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				1573
				1574
				1575	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1576	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <var>kernel</var></h3>
				1577	</div>
				1578
				1579	<p class="magick-description">Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</p>
				1580
				1581	<p>The <var>kernel</var> is a matrix specified as
				1582	a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
				1583	starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
				1584	supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <var>kernel</var> must be 3<sup>2</sup>=9, 5<sup>2</sup>=25,
				1585	7<sup>2</sup>=49, etc. </p>
				1586
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1587	<p>Note that the <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1588	positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
				1589	This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
				1590	convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				1591	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				1592	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values is clipped at zero.
				1593	</p>
				1594
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1595	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1596	negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1597	See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				1598	href="high-dynamic-range.html">High
				1599	Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				1600	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1601	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
				1602	entry. </p>
				1603
				1604
				1605	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1606	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="copy"></a>-copy <var>geometry</var> <var>offset</var></h3>
				1607	</div>
				1608
				1609	<p class="magick-description">copy pixels from one area of an image to another.</p>
				1610
				1611	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1612	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="crop"></a>-crop <var>geometry</var>{<var>@</var>}{<var>!</var>}</h3>
				1613	</div>
				1614
				1615	<p class="magick-description">Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</p>
				1616
				1617	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				1618
				1619	<p>The <var>width</var> and <var>height</var> of the <var>geometry</var> argument give the size of the image that remains
				1620	after cropping, and <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> in the
				1621	<var>offset</var> (if present) gives the location of the top left
				1622	corner of the cropped image with respect to the original image. To specify the
				1623	amount to be removed, use <a href="command-line-options.html#shave">-shave</a> instead.</p>
				1624
				1625	<p>If the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are
				1626	present, a single image is generated, consisting of the pixels from the
				1627	cropping region. The offsets specify the location of the upper left corner of
				1628	the cropping region measured downward and rightward with respect to the upper
				1629	left corner of the image. If the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
				1630	present with <code>NorthEast</code>, <code>East</code>, or <code>SouthEast</code>
				1631	gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge of the image to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1632	the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a
				1633	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <code>SouthWest</code>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1634	<code>South</code>, or <code>SouthEast</code> gravity, the distance is measured
				1635	upward between the bottom edges.</p>
				1636
				1637	<p>If the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are
				1638	omitted, a set of tiles of the specified geometry, covering the entire input
				1639	image, is generated. The rightmost tiles and the bottom tiles are smaller if
				1640	the specified geometry extends beyond the dimensions of the input image.</p>
				1641
				1642	<p>You can add the <var>@</var> to the geometry argument to equally divide the image into the number of tiles generated.</p>
				1643
				1644	<p>By adding a exclamation character flag to the geometry argument, the
				1645	cropped images virtual canvas page size and offset is set as if the
				1646	geometry argument was a viewport or window. This means the canvas page size
				1647	is set to exactly the same size you specified, the image offset set
				1648	relative top left corner of the region cropped. </p>
				1649
				1650	<p>If the cropped image 'missed' the actual image on its virtual canvas, a
				1651	special single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, and a 'crop
				1652	missed' warning given. </p>
				1653
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1654	<p>It might be necessary to <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1655	cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the
				1656	upper-left corner of the visible image.
				1657
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1658	Similarly you may want to use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> after cropping to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1659	remove the page offset that will be left behind. This is especially true when
				1660	you are going to write to an image format such as PNG that supports an image
				1661	offset.</p>
				1662
				1663	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1664	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <var>amount</var></h3>
				1665	</div>
				1666
				1667	<p class="magick-description">displace image colormap by amount.</p>
				1668
				1669	<p><var>Amount</var> defines the number of positions each
				1670	colormap entry is shifted.</p>
				1671
				1672
				1673	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1674	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="debug"></a>-debug <var>events</var></h3>
				1675	</div>
				1676
				1677	<p class="magick-description">enable debug printout.</p>
				1678
				1679	<p>The <code>events</code> parameter specifies which events are to be logged. It
				1680	can be either <code>None</code>, <code>All</code>, <code>Trace</code>, or
				1681	a comma-separated list consisting of one or more of the following domains:
				1682	<code>Accelerate</code>, <code>Annotate</code>, <code>Blob</code>, <code>Cache</code>,
				1683	<code>Coder</code>, <code>Configure</code>, <code>Deprecate</code>,
				1684	<code>Exception</code>, <code>Locale</code>, <code>Render</code>,
				1685	<code>Resource</code>, <code>Security</code>, <code>TemporaryFile</code>,
				1686	<code>Transform</code>, <code>X11</code>, or <code>User</code>. </p>
				1687
				1688
				1689	<p>For example, to log cache and blob events, use.</p>
				1690
				1691	<pre>
				1692	convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png
				1693	</pre>
				1694
				1695	<p>The <code>User</code> domain is normally empty, but developers can log user
				1696	events in their private copy of ImageMagick.</p>
				1697
				1698	<p>To print the complete list of debug methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				1699	debug</a>.</p>
				1700
				1701	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#log">-log</a> option to specify the format for debugging
				1702	output.</p>
				1703
				1704	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
				1705
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1706	<p>Debugging may also be set using the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code> <a href="resources.html#environment"
				1707	>environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1708	environment variable are the same as for the <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a>
				1709	option.</p>
				1710
				1711
				1712	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1713	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <var>filename</var></h3>
				1714	</div>
				1715
				1716	<p class="magick-description">Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher</a>.</p>
				1717
				1718	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <var>filename</var>.</p>
				1719
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1720	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a
				1721	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1722	Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				1723
				1724
				1725	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1726	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h3>
				1727	</div>
				1728
				1729	<p class="magick-description">find areas that has changed between images </p>
				1730
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1731	<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a
				1732	href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1733	a smaller image of just the area that changed relative to the previous image.
				1734	</p>
				1735
				1736	<p>The resulting sequence of images can be used to optimize an animation
				1737	sequence, though will not work correctly for GIF animations when parts of the
				1738	animation can go from opaque to transparent. </p>
				1739
				1740	<p>This option is actually equivalent to the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a>
				1741	method '<code>compare-any</code>'. </p>
				1742
				1743
				1744	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1745	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="define"></a>-define <var>key</var>{<var>=value</var>}<var>...</var></h3>
				1746	</div>
				1747
				1748	<p class="magick-description">add specific global settings generally used to control coders and image processing operations.</p>
				1749
				1750	<p>This option creates one or more definitions for coders and decoders to use
				1751	while reading and writing image data. Definitions are generally used to
				1752	control image file format coder modules, and image processing operations,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1753	beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a
				1754	href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format)
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1755	as "Artifacts". </p>
				1756
				1757	<p>If <var>value</var> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
				1758	definition of a flag is created with that name. This used to control on/off
				1759	options. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define key</a> to remove definitions
				1760	previously created. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
				1761	existing definitions.</p>
				1762
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1763	<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a
				1764	href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set "option:<var>key</var>" "<var>value</var>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1765	Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
				1766
				1767	<p>The <var>option</var> and <var>key</var> are case-independent (they are
				1768	converted to lowercase for use within the decoders) while the <var>value</var>
				1769	is case-dependent.</p>
				1770
				1771	<p>Such settings are global in scope, and affect all images and operations. </p>
				1772
				1773	<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
				1774	available:</p>
				1775
				1776	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				1777	<tr>
				1778	<td>bmp:format=<var>value</var></td>
				1779	<td> valid values are <var>bmp2</var>, <var>bmp3</var>,
				1780	and <var>bmp4</var>. This option can be useful when the
				1781	method of prepending "BMP2:" to the output filename is inconvenient or
				1782	is not available, such as when using the <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a> utility.</td>
				1783	</tr>
				1784
				1785	<tr>
				1786	<td>colorspace:auto-grayscale=<var>on\|off</var></td>
				1787	<td>prevent automatic conversion to grayscale inside coders that support
				1788	grayscale. This should be accompanied by -type truecolor. PNG and TIF do
				1789	not need this define. With PNG, just use PNG24:image. With TIF, just use
				1790	-type truecolor. JPG and PSD will need this define.</td>
				1791	</tr>
				1792
				1793	<tr>
				1794	<td>complex:snr=<var>value</var></td>
				1795	<td>Set the divide SNR constant<a href="command-line-options.html#complex">-complex</a></td>
				1796	</tr>
				1797
				1798	<tr>
				1799	<td>compose:args=<var>arguments</var></td>
				1800	<td>Sets certain compose argument values when using convert ... -compose ...
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1801	-composite. See <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/compose.html"
				1802	>Image Composition</a></td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1803	</tr>
				1804
				1805	<tr>
				1806	<td>compose:clamp=<var>on\|off</var></td>
				1807	<td>set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged. Define supported in ImageMagick 6.9.1-3 and above.</td>
				1808	</tr>
				1809
				1810	<tr>
Cristy	de27d76	2016-01-02 12:56:44 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1811	<td>connected-components:area-threshold=<var>value</var></td>
				1812	<td>Merges any region with area smaller than <var>value</var> into its surrounding region or largest neighbor.</td>
				1813	</tr>
				1814
				1815	<tr>
				1816	<td>connected-components:keep=<var>list-of-ids</var></td>
				1817	<td>Command and/or hyphenated list of id values to keep in the output. Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.3-0.</td>
				1818	</tr>
				1819
				1820	<tr>
				1821	<td>connected-components:mean-color=<var>true</var></td>
				1822	<td>Changes the output image from id values to mean color values. Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.2-8.</td>
				1823	</tr>
				1824
				1825	<tr>
				1826	<td>connected-components:remove=<var>list-of-ids</var></td>
				1827	<td>Command and/or hyphenated list of id values to remove from the output. Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.2-9.</td>
				1828	</tr>
				1829
				1830	<tr>
				1831	<td>connected-components:verbose=<var>true</var></td>
				1832	<td>Lists id, bounding box, centroid, area, mean color for each region.</td>
				1833	</tr>
				1834
				1835	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1836	<td>convolve:scale=<var>{kernel_scale}[!^] [,{origin_addition}] [%]</var></td>
				1837	<td>Defines the kernel scaling. The special flag ! automatically scales to
				1838	full dynamic range. The ! flag can be used in combination with a factor or
				1839	percent. The factor or percent is then applied after the automatic scaling.
				1840	An example is 50%!. This produces a result 50% darker than full dynamic
				1841	range scaling. The ^ flag assures the kernel is 'zero-summing', for
				1842	example when some values are positive and some are negative as in edge
				1843	detection kernels. The origin addition adds that value to the center
				1844	pixel of the kernel. This produces and effect that is like adding the image
				1845	that many times to the result of the filtered image. The typical value
				1846	is 1 so that the original image is added to the result of the convolution.
				1847	The default is 0.</td>
				1848	</tr>
				1849
				1850	<tr>
				1851	<td>convolve:showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1852	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a specified <a
				1853	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology convolve</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1854	</tr>
				1855
				1856	<tr>
				1857	<td>dcm:display-range=<var>reset</var></td>
				1858	<td>Sets the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the
				1859	DCM image format.</td>
				1860	</tr>
				1861
				1862	<tr>
				1863	<td>dds:cluster-fit=<var>true\|false</var></td>
				1864	<td>Enables the dds cluster-fit.</td>
				1865	</tr>
				1866
				1867	<tr>
				1868	<td>dds:compression=<var>dxt1\|dxt5\|none</var></td>
				1869	<td>Sets the dds compression.</td>
				1870	</tr>
				1871
				1872	<tr>
				1873	<td>dds:mipmaps=<var>value</var></td>
				1874	<td>Sets the dds number of mipmaps.</td>
				1875	</tr>
				1876
				1877	<tr>
				1878	<td>dds:weight-by-alpha=<var>true\|false</var></td>
				1879	<td>Enables the dds alpha weighting.</td>
				1880	</tr>
				1881
				1882	<tr>
				1883	<td>delegate:bimodal=<var>true</var></td>
				1884	<td>Specifies direct conversion from Postscript to PDF.</td>
				1885	</tr>
				1886
				1887	<tr>
				1888	<td>distort:scale=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1889	<td>Sets the output scaling factor for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				1890	>-distort</a></td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1891	</tr>
				1892
				1893	<tr>
				1894	<td>distort:viewport=<var>WxH+X+Y</var></td>
				1895	<td>Sets the viewport for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a></td>
				1896	</tr>
				1897
				1898	<tr>
				1899	<td>dot:layout-engine=<var>value</var></td>
				1900	<td>Specifies the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g.
				1901	<code>neato</code>).</td>
				1902	</tr>
				1903
				1904	<tr>
				1905	<td>filter:option=<var>value</var></td>
				1906	<td>Set a filter option for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>.
				1907	See <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> for details.</td>
				1908	</tr>
				1909
				1910	<tr>
				1911	<td>fourier:normalize=<var>inverse</var></td>
				1912	<td>Sets the location for the FFT/IFT normalization as use by
				1913	<a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+-fft</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+-ift</a>. The default is
				1914	<var>forward</var>.</td>
				1915	</tr>
				1916
				1917	<tr>
				1918	<td>h:format=<var>value</var></td>
				1919	<td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
				1920	<var>format</var> can be any output format supported by ImageMagick
				1921	except for <var>h</var> and <var>magick</var></td>. If this
				1922	option is omitted, the default is <var>GIF</var> for PseudoClass
				1923	images and <var>PNM</var> for DirectClass images.
				1924	</tr>
				1925
				1926	<tr>
				1927	<td>icon:auto-resize</td>
				1928	<td>Automatically stores multiple sizes when writing an ico image
				1929	(requires a 256x256 input image).</td>
				1930	</tr>
				1931
				1932	<tr>
				1933	<td>jp2:layer-number=<var>value</var></td>
				1934	<td>Sets the maximum number of quality layers to decode. Same for JPT, JC2,
				1935	and J2K</td>
				1936	</tr>
				1937
				1938	<tr>
				1939	<td>jp2:number-resolutions=<var>value</var></td>
				1940	<td>Sets the number of resolutions to encode.Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1941	</tr>
				1942
				1943	<tr>
				1944	<td>jp2:progression-order=<var>value</var></td>
				1945	<td>choose from LRCP, RLCP, RPCL, PCRL or CPRL. Same for JPT, JC2, and
				1946	J2K</td>
				1947	</tr>
				1948
				1949	<tr>
				1950	<td>jp2:quality=<var>value,value...</var></td>
				1951	<td>Sets the quality layer PSNR, given in dB. The order is from left to
				1952	right in ascending order. The default is a single lossless quality layer.
				1953	Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1954	</tr>
				1955
				1956	<tr>
				1957	<td>jp2:rate=<var>value</var></td>
				1958	<td>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files. The
				1959	compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The valid
				1960	range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If defined,
				1961	this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting of 75
				1962	results in a rate value of 0.06641. Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1963	</tr>
				1964
				1965	<tr>
				1966	<td>jp2:reduce-factor=<var>value</var></td>
				1967	<td>Sets the number of highest resolution levels to be discarded.Same for
				1968	JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1969	</tr>
				1970
				1971	<tr>
				1972	<td>jpeg:block-smoothing=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1973	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1974	</tr>
				1975
				1976	<tr>
				1977	<td>jpeg:colors=<var>value</var></td>
				1978	<td>Set the desired number of colors and let the JPEG encoder do the
				1979	quantizing.</td>
				1980	</tr>
				1981
				1982	<tr>
				1983	<td>jpeg:dct-method=<var>value</var></td>
				1984	<td>Choose from <code>default</code>, <code>fastest</code>,
				1985	<code>float</code>, <code>ifast</code>, and <code>islow</code>.</td>
				1986	</tr>
				1987
				1988	<tr>
				1989	<td>jpeg:extent=<var>value</var></td>
				1990	<td>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <code>-define
				1991	jpeg:extent=400KB</code>. The JPEG encoder will search for the highest
				1992	compression quality level that results in an output file that does not
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1993	exceed the value. The <code>-quality</code> option also will be respected
				1994	starting with version 6.9.2-5. Between 6.9.1-0 and 6.9.2-4, add -quality
				1995	100 in order for the jpeg:extent to work properly. Prior to 6.9.1-0, the
				1996	-quality setting was ignored.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1997	</tr>
				1998
				1999	<tr>
				2000	<td>jpeg:fancy-upsampling=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2001	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2002	</tr>
				2003
				2004	<tr>
				2005	<td>jpeg:optimize-coding=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2006	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2007	</tr>
				2008
				2009	<tr>
				2010	<td>jpeg:q-table=<var>table</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2011	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2012	</tr>
				2013
				2014	<tr>
				2015	<td>jpeg:sampling-factor=<var>sampling-factor-string</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2016	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2017	</tr>
				2018
				2019	<tr>
				2020	<td>jpeg:size=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2021	<td>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for
				2022	example, <code>-define jpeg:size=128x128</code>.
				2023	It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory
				2024	requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</td>
				2025	</tr>
				2026
				2027	<tr>
				2028	<td>json:features</td>
				2029	<td>includes features in verbose information</td>
				2030	</tr>
				2031
				2032	<tr>
				2033	<td>json:limit</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2034	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2035	</tr>
				2036
				2037	<tr>
				2038	<td>json:locate</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2039	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2040	</tr>
				2041
				2042	<tr>
				2043	<td>json:moments</td>
				2044	<td>includes image moments in verbose information</td>
				2045	</tr>
				2046
				2047	<tr>
				2048	<td>magick:format=<var>value</var></td>
				2049	<td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
				2050	This is the same as "h:format=format" described above.</td>.
				2051	</tr>
				2052
				2053	<tr>
				2054	<td>mng:need-cacheoff</td>
				2055	<td>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</td>
				2056	</tr>
				2057
				2058	<tr>
				2059	<td>morphology:compose=<var>compose-method</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2060	<td>Specifies how to merge results generated by multiple<a
				2061	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel. The default is none. One
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2062	typical value is 'lighten' as used, for example, with the sobel edge
				2063	kernels. </td>
				2064	</tr>
				2065
				2066	<tr>
				2067	<td>morphology:showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2068	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a
				2069	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2070	</tr>
				2071
				2072	<tr>
				2073	<td>pcl:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
				2074
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2075	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2076	<td>pdf:fit-page=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2077	<td> geometry specifies the scaling dimensions for resizing when the PDF is
				2078	being read. The geometry is either WxH{%} or page size. No offsets are
				2079	allowed. (introduced in IM 6.8.8-8)</td>
				2080	</tr>
				2081
				2082	<tr>
				2083	<td>pdf:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2084	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2085	</tr>
				2086
				2087	<tr>
				2088	<td>pdf:use-cropbox=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2089	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2090	</tr>
				2091
				2092	<tr>
				2093	<td>pdf:use-trimbox=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2094	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2095	</tr>
				2096
				2097	<tr>
				2098	<td>png:bit-depth=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2099	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2100	</tr>
				2101	<tr>
				2102	<td>png:color-type=<var>value</var></td>
				2103	<td>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
				2104	encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
				2105	normally selected, but only if this does not cause any loss of image
				2106	quality. Any attempt to reduce image quality is treated as an error and no
				2107	PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you
				2108	can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale,
				2109	indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image,
				2110	you cannot force it to be written as a grayscale or indexed PNG. If you
				2111	wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a>,
				2112	<a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> directives to
				2113	reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in
				2114	indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
				2115	which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
				2116	8-bit depth.</td>
				2117	</tr>
				2118
				2119	<tr>
				2120	<td>png:compression-filter=<var>value</var></td>
				2121	<td> valid values are 0 through 9. 0-4 are the corresponding PNG filters,
				2122	5 means adaptive filtering except for images with a colormap, 6 means
				2123	adaptive filtering for all images, 7 means MNG "loco" compression, 8 means
				2124	Z_RLE strategy with adaptive filtering, and 9 means Z_RLE strategy with no
				2125	filtering.</td>
				2126	</tr>
				2127
				2128	<tr>
				2129	<td>png:compression-level=<var>value</var></td>
				2130	<td> valid values are 0 through 9, with 0 providing the least but fastest
				2131	compression and 9 usually providing the best and always the slowest.</td>
				2132	</tr>
				2133
				2134	<tr>
				2135	<td>png:compression-strategy=<var>value</var></td>
				2136	<td> valid values are 0 through 4, meaning default, filtered, huffman_only,
				2137	rle, and fixed ZLIB compression strategy. If you are using an old zlib
				2138	that does not support Z_RLE (before 1.2.0) or Z_FIXED (before 1.2.2.2),
				2139	values 3 and 4, respectively, will use the zlib default strategy
				2140	instead.</td>
				2141	</tr>
				2142
				2143	<tr>
				2144	<td>png:format=<var>value</var></td>
				2145	<td> valid values are <var>png8</var>, <var>png24</var>,
				2146	<var>png32</var>, <var>png48</var>,
				2147	<var>png64</var>, and <var>png00</var>.
				2148	This property can be useful for specifying
				2149	the specific PNG format to be used, when the usual method of prepending the
				2150	format name to the output filename is inconvenient, such as when writing
				2151	a PNG-encoded ICO file or when using <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.
				2152	Value = <var>png8</var> reduces the number of colors to 256,
				2153	only one of which may be fully transparent, if necessary. The other
				2154	values do not force any reduction of quality; it is an error to request
				2155	a format that cannot represent the image data without loss (except that
				2156	it is allowed to reduce the bit-depth from 16 to 8 for all formats).
				2157	Value = <var>png24</var> and <var>png48</var>
				2158	allow transparency, only if a single color is fully transparent and that
				2159	color does not also appear in an opaque pixel; such transparency is
				2160	written in a PNG <code>tRNS</code> chunk.
				2161	Value = <var>png00</var> causes the image to inherit its
				2162	color-type and bit-depth from the input image, if the input was also
				2163	a PNG.</td>
				2164	</tr>
				2165
				2166	<tr>
				2167	<td>png:exclude-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
				2168
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2169	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2170	<td>png:include-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
				2171	<td>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
				2172
				2173	<p>The <var>value</var> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
				2174	as <var>bKGD</var>, a comma-separated list of chunk-names
				2175	(which can include the word <var>date</var>, the word
				2176	<var>all</var>, or the word <var>none</var>).
				2177	Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use all lowercase
				2178	names if you prefer.</p>
				2179
				2180	<p>The "include-chunk" and "exclude-chunk" lists only affect the behavior
				2181	of the PNG encoder and have no effect on the PNG decoder.</p>
				2182
				2183	<p>As a special case, if the <code>sRGB</code> chunk is excluded and
				2184	the <code>gAMA</code> chunk is included, the <code>gAMA</code> chunk will
				2185	only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
				2186	sRGB and gamma=1/2.2 when no colorspace information is included in
				2187	the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
				2188	can achieve this with a single define:</p>
				2189
				2190	<pre>
				2191	-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
				2192	</pre>
				2193
				2194	<p>As a special case, if the <code>sRGB</code> chunk is not excluded and
				2195	the PNG encoder recognizes that the image contains the sRGB ICC profile,
				2196	the PNG encoder will write the <code>sRGB</code> chunk instead of the
				2197	entire ICC profile. To force the PNG encoder to write the sRGB
				2198	profile as an <code>iCCP</code> chunk in the output PNG instead of the
				2199	<code>sRGB</code> chunk, exclude the <code>sRGB</code> chunk.</p>
				2200
				2201	<p>The critical PNG chunks <code>IHDR</code>, <code>PLTE</code>,
				2202	<code>IDAT</code>, and <code>IEND</code> cannot be excluded. Any such
				2203	entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
				2204
				2205	<p>If the ancillary PNG <code>tRNS</code> chunk is excluded and the
				2206	image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
				2207	(GRAY_ALPHA or RGBA). If the image is not transparent, then the
				2208	<code>tRNS</code> chunk isn't written anyhow, and there is no effect
				2209	on the PNG colortype of the output image.</p>
				2210
				2211	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
				2212	following for PNG output:</p>
				2213
				2214	<pre>
				2215	-define png:exclude-chunk=EXIF,iCCP,iTXt,sRGB,tEXt,zCCP,zTXt,date
				2216	</pre>
				2217
				2218	<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
				2219	plus ImageMagick's private <code>vpAg</code> ("virtual page") chunk,
				2220	and to exclude all PNG chunks that are unknown to ImageMagick,
				2221	regardless of their PNG "copy-safe" status as described in the
				2222	PNG specification.</p>
				2223
				2224	<p>Any chunk names that are not known to ImageMagick are ignored
				2225	if they appear in either the "include-chunk" or "exclude-chunk" list.
				2226	The ancillary chunks currently known to ImageMagick are
				2227	<code>bKGD</code>, <code>cHRM</code>, <code>gAMA</code>, <code>iCCP</code>,
				2228	<code>oFFs</code>, <code>pHYs</code>, <code>sRGB</code>, <code>tEXt</code>,
				2229	<code>tRNS</code>, <code>vpAg</code>, and <code>zTXt</code>.</p>
				2230
				2231	<p>You can also put <code>date</code> in the list to include or exclude
				2232	the "Date:create" and "Date:modify" text chunks that ImageMagick normally
				2233	inserts in the output PNG.</p></td>
				2234	</tr>
				2235
				2236	<tr>
				2237	<td>png:preserve-colormap[=<var>true</var>]</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2238	<td>Use the existing image->colormap. Normally the PNG encoder will
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2239	try to optimize the palette, eliminating unused entries and putting
				2240	the transparent colors first. If this flag is set, that behavior
				2241	is suppressed.</td>
				2242	</tr>
				2243
				2244	<tr>
				2245	<td>png:preserve-iCCP[=<var>true</var>]</td>
				2246	<td>By default, the PNG decoder and encoder examine any ICC profile
				2247	that is present, either from an <code>iCCP</code> chunk in the PNG
				2248	input or supplied via an option, and if the profile is recognized
				2249	to be the sRGB profile, converts it to the <code>sRGB</code> chunk.
				2250	You can use <code>-define png:preserve-iCCP</code> to prevent
				2251	this from happening; in such cases the <code>iCCP</code> chunk
				2252	will be read or written and no <code>sRGB</code> chunk will be
				2253	written. There are some ICC profiles that claim to be sRGB but
				2254	have various errors that cause them to be rejected by libpng16; such
				2255	profiles are recognized anyhow and converted to the <code>sRGB</code>
				2256	chunk, but are rejected if the <code>-define png:preserve-iCCP</code>
				2257	is present. Note that not all "sRGB" ICC profiles are recognized
				2258	yet; we will add them to the list as we encounter them.</td>
				2259	</tr>
				2260
				2261	<tr>
				2262	<td>png:swap-bytes[=<var>true</var>]</td>
				2263	<td>The PNG specification requires that any multi-byte integers be stored in
				2264	network byte order (MSB-LSB endian). This option allows you to
				2265	fix any invalid PNG files that have 16-bit samples stored incorrectly
				2266	in little-endian order (LSB-MSB). The "-define png:swap-bytes" option
				2267	must appear before the input filename on the commandline. The swapping
				2268	is done during the libpng decoding operation.</td>
				2269	</tr>
				2270
				2271	<tr>
				2272	<td>profile:skip=<var>name1,name2,...</var></td>
				2273	<td>Skip the named profile[s] when reading the image. Use skip="*" to
				2274	skip all named profiles in the image. Many named profiles exist,
				2275	including ICC, EXIF, APP1, IPTC, XMP, and others.</td>
				2276	</tr>
				2277
				2278	<tr>
				2279	<td>ps:imagemask</td>
				2280	<td>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will
				2281	create Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript
				2282	imagemask operator instead of the image operator.</td>
				2283	</tr>
				2284
				2285	<tr>
				2286	<td>psd:alpha-unblend=off</td>
				2287	<td>Disables new automatic un-blending of transparency with the base image
				2288	for the flattened layer 0 before adding the alpha channel to the output
				2289	image. This define must be placed before the input psd image. (Available
				2290	as of IM 6.9.2.5). The automatic un-blending is new to IM 6.9.2.5 and
				2291	prevents the transparency from being applied twice in the output
				2292	image.</td>
				2293	</tr>
				2294
				2295	<tr>
				2296	<td>quantum:format=<var>type</var></td>
				2297	<td>Set the type to <code>floating-point</code> to specify a floating-point
				2298	format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:) or for MIFF and TIFF images in HDRI mode
				2299	to preserve negative values. If <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> 16 is
				2300	included, the result is a single precision floating point format.
				2301	If <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
				2302	double precision floating point format.</td>
				2303	</tr>
				2304
				2305	<tr>
				2306	<td>quantum:polarity=<var>photometric-interpretation</var></td>
				2307	<td>Set the photometric-interpretation of an image (typically for TIFF image
				2308	file format) to either <code>min-is-black</code> (default) or
				2309	<code>min-is-white</code>.</td>
				2310	</tr>
				2311
				2312	<tr>
				2313	<td>sample:offset=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2314	<td>Location of the sampling point within the sub-region being sampled,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2315	expressed as percentages (see <a href="command-line-options.html#sample" >-sample</a>).</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2316	</tr>
				2317
				2318	<tr>
				2319	<td>showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2320	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a
				2321	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2322	</tr>
				2323
				2324	<tr>
				2325	<td>stream:buffer-size=<var>value</var></td>
				2326	<td>Set the stream buffer size. Select 0 for unbuffered I/O.</td>
				2327	</tr>
				2328
				2329	<tr>
				2330	<td>tiff:alpha=<var>associated\|unassociated\|unspecified</var></td>
				2331	<td>Specify the alpha extra samples as associated, unassociated or unspecified </td>
				2332	</tr>
				2333
				2334	<tr>
				2335	<td>tiff:endian=<var>msb\|lsb</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2336	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2337	</tr>
				2338
				2339	<tr>
				2340	<td>tiff:exif-properties=<var>false</var></td>
				2341	<td>Skips reading the EXIF properties.</td>
				2342	</tr>
				2343
				2344	<tr>
				2345	<td>tiff:fill-order=<var>msb\|lsb</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2346	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2347	</tr>
				2348
				2349	<tr>
				2350	<td>tiff:ignore-layers=<var>true</var></td>
				2351	<td>Ignores the photoshop layers.</td>
				2352	</tr>
				2353
				2354	<tr>
				2355	<td>tiff:ignore-tags=<var>comma-separate-list-of-tag-IDs</var></td>
				2356	<td>Allows one or more tag ID values to be ignored.</td>
				2357	</tr>
				2358
				2359	<tr>
				2360	<td>tiff:rows-per-strip=<var>value</var></td>
				2361	<td>Sets the number of rows per strip</td>
				2362	</tr>
				2363
				2364	<tr>
				2365	<td>tiff:tile-geometry=<var>WxH</var></td>
				2366	<td>Sets the tile size for pyramid tiffs. Requires the suffix
				2367	PTIF: before the outputname</td>
				2368	</tr>
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2369
				2370	<tr>
				2371	<td>type:features=<var>string</var></td>
				2372	<td>&nbsp</td>
				2373	</tr>
				2374
				2375	<tr>
				2376	<td>type:hinting=<var>off</var></td>
				2377	<td>&nbsp</td>
				2378	</tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2379	</table>
				2380
				2381	<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
				2382	pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
				2383
				2384	<pre>
				2385	convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps
				2386	</pre>
				2387
				2388	<p>Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with
				2389	<code>registry:</code>. For example, to set a temporary path to put work files,
				2390	use:</p>
				2391
				2392	<pre>
				2393	-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
				2394	</pre>
				2395
				2396	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2397	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="delay"></a>-delay <var>ticks</var> <br />-delay <var>ticks</var>x<var>ticks-per-second</var> {<var><</var>} {<var>></var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2398	</div>
				2399
				2400	<p class="magick-description">display the next image after pausing.</p>
				2401
				2402	<p>This option is useful for regulating the animation of image sequences
				2403	<var>ticks/ticks-per-second</var> seconds must expire before the display of the
				2404	next image. The default is no delay between each showing of the image
				2405	sequence. The default ticks-per-second is 100.</p>
				2406
				2407	<p>Use <code>></code> to change the image delay <var>only</var> if its current
				2408	value exceeds the given delay. <code><</code> changes the image delay
				2409	<var>only</var> if current value is less than the given delay. For example, if
				2410	you specify <code>30></code> and the image delay is 20, the image delay does
				2411	not change. However, if the image delay is 40 or 50, the delay it is changed
				2412	to 30. Enclose the given delay in quotation marks to prevent the
				2413	<code><</code> or <code>></code> from being interpreted by your shell as
				2414	a file redirection.</p>
				2415
				2416
				2417	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2418	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="delete"></a>-delete <var>indexes</var></h3>
				2419	</div>
				2420
				2421	<p class="magick-description">delete the images specified by index, from the image sequence.</p>
				2422
				2423	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
				2424	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1
				2425	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with
				2426	a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use
				2427	<code>+delete</code> to delete the last image in the current image sequence.</p>
				2428
				2429
				2430	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2431	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="density"></a>-density <var>width</var><br />-density <var>width</var>x<var>height</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2432	</div>
				2433
				2434	<p class="magick-description">Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</p>
				2435
				2436	<p>This option specifies the image resolution to store while encoding a raster
				2437	image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector formats such
				2438	as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image resolution
				2439	provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an output device or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2440	raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a
				2441	href="command-line-options.html#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2442	instead.</p>
				2443
				2444	<p>The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to one
				2445	point per pixel (Macintosh and Postscript standard). Computer screens are
				2446	normally 72 or 96 dots per inch, while printers typically support 150, 300,
				2447	600, or 1200 dots per inch. To determine the resolution of your display, use
				2448	a ruler to measure the width of your screen in inches, and divide by the
				2449	number of horizontal pixels (1024 on a 1024x768 display).</p>
				2450
				2451	<p>If the file format supports it, this option may be used to update the
				2452	stored image resolution. Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image
				2453	resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile is not
				2454	stripped from the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using
				2455	its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard
				2456	file header.</p>
				2457
				2458	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> option sets an <var>attribute</var> and
				2459	does not alter the underlying raster image. It may be used to adjust the
				2460	rendered size for desktop publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied
				2461	to the pixels. To resize the image so that it is the same size at a different
				2462	resolution, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
				2463
				2464	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2465	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="depth"></a>-depth <var>value</var></h3>
				2466	</div>
				2467
				2468	<p class="magick-description">depth of the image.</p>
				2469
				2470	<p>This the number of bits in a color sample within a pixel. Use this option
				2471	to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB,
				2472	or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
				2473
				2474	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2475	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h3>
				2476	</div>
				2477
				2478	<p class="magick-description">obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</p>
				2479
				2480	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2481	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <var>threshold{%}</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2482	</div>
				2483
				2484	<p class="magick-description">straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</p>
				2485
				2486	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> <code>option:deskew:auto-crop
				2487	<var>width</var></code> to auto crop the image. The set argument is the pixel
				2488	width of the image background (e.g 40).</p>
				2489
				2490	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2491	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h3>
				2492	</div>
				2493
				2494	<p class="magick-description">reduce the speckles within an image.</p>
				2495
				2496	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2497	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="direction"></a>-direction <var>type</var></h3>
				2498	</div>
				2499
				2500	<p class="magick-description">render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</p>
				2501
				2502	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2503	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="displace"></a>-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>{%}{!}<br />-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>x<var>vertical-scale</var>{%}{!}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2504	</div>
				2505
				2506	<p class="magick-description">shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</p>
				2507
				2508	<p>With this option, the 'overlay' image, and optionally the 'mask' image,
				2509	is used as a displacement map, which is used to displace the lookup of
				2510	what part of the 'background' image is seen at each point of the overlaid
				2511	area. Much like the displacement map is a 'lens' that redirects light shining
				2512	through it so as to present a distorted view the original 'background' image
				2513	behind it. </p>
				2514
				2515	<p>Any perfect grey areas of the displacement map produce a zero
				2516	displacement of the image. Black areas produce the given maximum negative
				2517	displacement of the lookup point, while white produce a maximum positive
				2518	displacement of the lookup. </p>
				2519
				2520	<p>Note that it is the lookup of the 'background' that is displaced, not a
				2521	displacement of the image itself. As such an area of the displacement map
				2522	containing 'white' will have the lookup point 'shifted' by a positive amount,
				2523	and thus generating a copy of the destination image to the right/downward from
				2524	the correct position. That is the image will look like it may have been
				2525	'shifted' in a negative left/upward direction. Understanding this is a very
				2526	important in understanding how displacement maps work. </p>
				2527
				2528	<p>The given arguments define the maximum amount of displacement in pixels
				2529	that a particular map can produce. If the displacement scale is large enough
				2530	it is also possible to lookup parts of the 'background' image that lie well
				2531	outside the bounds of the displacement map itself. That is you could very
				2532	easily copy a section of the original image from outside the overlay area
				2533	into the overlay area. </p>
				2534
				2535	<p>The '%' flag makes the displacement scale relative to the size of the
				2536	overlay image (100% = half width/height of image). Using '!' switches
				2537	percentage arguments to refer to the destination image size instead.
				2538	these flags were added as of IM v6.5.3-5.</p>
				2539
				2540	<p>Normally a single grayscale displacement map is provided, which with the
				2541	given scaling values will determine a single direction (vector) in which
				2542	displacements can occur (positively or negatively). However, if you also
				2543	specify a third image which is normally used as a <var>mask</var>,
				2544	the <var>composite image</var> is used for horizontal X
				2545	displacement, while the <var>mask image</var> is used for vertical Y
				2546	displacement. This allows you to define completely different displacement
				2547	values for the X and Y directions, and allowing you to lookup any point within
				2548	the <var>scale</var> bounds. In other words each pixel can lookup
				2549	any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
				2550	than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
				2551
				2552	<p>Alternatively rather than supplying two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
				2553	you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
				2554	or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
				2555	</p>
				2556
				2557	<p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
				2558	mask the transparency of the destination image. However areas outside the
				2559	overlaid areas will not be effected. </p>
				2560
				2561
				2562	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2563	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="display"></a>-display <var>host:display[.screen]</var></h3>
				2564	</div>
				2565
				2566	<p class="magick-description">Specifies the X server to contact.</p>
				2567
				2568	<p>This option is used with convert for obtaining image or font from this
				2569	X server. See <var>X(1)</var>.</p>
				2570
				2571	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2572	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <var>method</var></h3>
				2573	</div>
				2574
				2575	<p class="magick-description">define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </p>
				2576
				2577	<p>The layer disposal method defines the way each the displayed image is to be
				2578	modified after the current 'frame' of an animation has finished being
				2579	displayed (after its 'delay' period), but before the next frame on an
				2580	animation is to be overlaid onto the display. </p>
				2581
				2582	<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
				2583
				2584	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				2585	<dt>Undefined</dt><dd>0: No disposal specified (equivalent to '<code>none</code>').</dd>
				2586	<dt>None</dt><dd>1: Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.</dd>
				2587	<dt>Background</dt><dd>2: Clear the frame area with the background color.</dd>
				2588	<dt>Previous</dt><dd>3: Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.</dd>
				2589	</dl>
				2590
				2591	<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
				2592	uses internally to represent the above settings. </p>
				2593
				2594	<p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list dispose</a>.</p>
				2595
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2596	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2597	resetting the layer disposal methods of images being read in. </p>
				2598
				2599	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>dispose</code>' method to set the image
				2600	disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
				2601
				2602	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2603	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
				2604	</div>
				2605
				2606	<p class="magick-description">maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</p>
				2607
				2608
				2609	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2610	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <var>src_percent</var>[x<var>dst_percent</var>]</h3>
				2611	</div>
				2612
				2613	<p class="magick-description">dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</p>
				2614
				2615	<p>The opacity of the composite image is multiplied by the given percent, then
				2616	it is composited 'over' the main image. If <var>src_percent</var>
				2617	is greater than 100, start dissolving the main image so it becomes
				2618	transparent at a value of '<code>200</code>'. If both percentages
				2619	are given, each image are dissolved to the percentages given. </p>
				2620
				2621	<p>Note that dissolve percentages do not add, two opaque images dissolved
				2622	'50,50', produce a 75% transparency. For a 50% + 50% blending of the two
				2623	images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
				2624
				2625	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2626	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="distort"></a>-distort <var>method arguments</var></h3>
				2627	</div>
				2628
				2629	<p class="magick-description">distort an image, using the given <var>method</var> and its required <var>arguments</var>.</p>
				2630
				2631	<p>The <var>arguments</var> is a single string containing a list
				2632	of floating point numbers separated by commas or spaces. The number of
				2633	and meaning of the floating point values depends on the distortion <var>method</var> being used. </p>
				2634
				2635	<p>Choose from these distortion types:</p>
				2636
				2637	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				2638	<tr>
				2639	<th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				2640	<th>Description</th>
				2641	</tr>
				2642
				2643	<tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2644	<td>ScaleRotateTranslate <br/> SRT</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2645	<td>
				2646	Distort image by first scaling and rotating about a given 'center',
				2647	before translating that 'center' to the new location, in that order. It
				2648	is an alternative method of specifying a 'Affine' type of
				2649	distortion, but without shearing effects. It also provides a good way
				2650	of rotating and displacing a smaller image for tiling onto a larger
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2651	background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2652
				2653	The number of arguments determine the specific meaning of each
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2654	argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2655
				2656	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				2657	<dt>2:</dt><dd><var>Scale Angle</var></dd>
				2658	<dt>3:</dt><dd><var>X,Y Angle</var></dd>
				2659	<dt>4:</dt><dd><var>X,Y Scale Angle</var></dd>
				2660	<dt>5:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle</var></dd>
				2661	<dt>6:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y Scale Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
				2662	<dt>7:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
				2663	</dl>
				2664
				2665	This is actually an alternative way of specifying a 2 dimensional linear
				2666	'Affine' or 'AffineProjection' distortion. </td> </tr>
				2667
				2668	<tr>
				2669	<td>Affine</td>
				2670	<td>
				2671	Distort the image linearly by moving a list of at least 3 or more sets
				2672	of control points (as defined below). Ideally 3 sets or 12 floating
				2673	point values are given allowing the image to be linearly scaled,
				2674	rotated, sheared, and translated, according to those three points. See
				2675	also the related 'AffineProjection' and 'SRT'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2676	distortions. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2677
				2678	More than 3 sets given control point pairs (12 numbers) is least
				2679	squares fitted to best match a linear affine distortion. If only 2
				2680	control point pairs (8 numbers) are given a two point image translation
				2681	rotation and scaling is performed, without any possible shearing,
				2682	flipping or changes in aspect ratio to the resulting image. If only one
				2683	control point pair is provides the image is only translated, (which may
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2684	be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2685
				2686	This distortion does not include any form of perspective distortion.
				2687	</td>
				2688
				2689	</tr>
				2690
				2691	<tr>
				2692	<td>AffineProjection</td>
				2693	<td>
				2694	Linearly distort an image using the given Affine Matrix of 6
				2695	pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
				2696	the source image to the destination image.
				2697
				2698	<p class="text-center"><var>
				2699	s<sub>x</sub>, r<sub>x</sub>,
				2700	r<sub>y</sub>, s<sub>y</sub>,
				2701	t<sub>x</sub>, t<sub>y</sub>
				2702	</var></p>
				2703
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2704	See <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
				2705	meanings of these coefficients. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2706
				2707	The distortions 'Affine' and 'SRT' provide
				2708	alternative methods of defining this distortion, with ImageMagick doing
				2709	the calculations needed to generate the required coefficients. You can
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2710	see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a
				2711	href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other variants. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2712
				2713	</tr>
				2714
				2715	<tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2716	<td>BilinearForward<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2717	BilinearReverse</td>
				2718	<td>
				2719	Bilinear Distortion, given a minimum of 4 sets of coordinate pairs, or
				2720	16 values (see below). Not that lines may not appear straight after
				2721	distortion, though the distance between coordinates will remain
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2722	consistent. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2723
				2724	The 'BilinearForward' is used to map rectangles to any
				2725	quadrilateral, while the 'BilinearReverse' form maps any
				2726	quadrilateral to a rectangle, while preserving the straight line edges
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2727	in each case. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2728
				2729	Note that 'BilinearForward' can generate invalid pixels
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	2730	which will be colored using the <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha-color" >-alpha-color</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2731	color setting. Also if the quadrilateral becomes 'flipped' the image
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2732	may disappear. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2733
				2734	There are future plans to produce a true Bilinear distortion that will
				2735	attempt to map any quadrilateral to any other quadrilateral, while
				2736	preserving edges (and edge distance ratios).
				2737
				2738	</td>
				2739	</tr>
				2740
				2741	<tr>
				2742	<td>Perspective</td>
				2743	<td>
				2744	Perspective distort the images, using a list of 4 or more sets of
				2745	control points (as defined below). More that 4 sets (16 numbers) of
				2746	control points provide least squares fitting for more accurate
				2747	distortions (for the purposes of image registration and panorama
				2748	effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a 'Affine'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2749	linear distortion. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2750
				2751	Perspective Distorted images ensures that straight lines remain
				2752	straight, but the scale of the distorted image will vary. The horizon
				2753	is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	2754	<a href="command-line-options.html#alpha-color" >-alpha-color</a> setting. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2755	</tr>
				2756
				2757	<tr>
				2758	<td>PerspectiveProjection </td>
				2759	<td>
				2760	Do a 'Perspective' distortion biased on a set of 8
				2761	pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2762	at the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2763	'Perspective' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
				2764	If the last two perspective scaling coefficients are zero, the
				2765	remaining 6 represents a transposed 'Affine Matrix'. </td>
				2766
				2767	</tr>
				2768
				2769	<tr>
				2770	<td>Arc</td>
				2771	<td>
				2772	Arc the image (variation of polar mapping) over the angle given around
				2773	a circle.
				2774
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2775	<p><dl class="dl-horizontal">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2776	<dt>arc_angle</dt>
				2777	<dd>The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</dd>
				2778	<dt>rotate_angle</dt>
				2779	<dd>Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</dd>
				2780	<dt>top_radius</dt>
				2781	<dd>Set top edge of source image at this radius</dd>
				2782	<dt>bottom_radius </dt>
				2783	<dd>Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</dd>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2784	</dl></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2785
				2786	The resulting image is always resized to best fit the resulting image,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2787	(as if using <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2788	preserve scale and aspect ratio of the original image as much as
				2789	possible with the arguments given by the user. All four arguments will
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2790	be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2791
				2792	This a variation of a polar distortion designed to try to preserve the
				2793	aspect ratio of the image rather than direct Cartesian to Polar
				2794	conversion. </td>
				2795	</tr>
				2796
				2797	<tr>
				2798	<td>Polar</td>
				2799	<td>
				2800	Like 'Arc' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
				2801	the image. that is the height of the input image is mapped to the
				2802	radius limits, while the width is wrapped around between the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2803	angle limits. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2804
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2805	Arguments: <var>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</var> <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2806
				2807	All arguments are optional. With <var>Rmin</var> defaulting to zero, the
				2808	center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
				2809	to +180 (top). If <var>Rmax</var> is given the special value of
				2810	'0', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
				2811	is used for the radius of the output image, which will ensure the whole
				2812	image is visible (though scaled smaller). However a special value of
				2813	'-1' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
				2814	corner, This may 'clip' the corners from the input rectangular image,
				2815	but will generate the exact reverse of a 'DePolar' with
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2816	the same arguments. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2817
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2818	If the plus form of distort (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2819	output image center will default to 0,0 of the virtual
				2820	canvas, and the image size adjusted to ensure the whole input image is
				2821	made visible in the output image on the virtual canvas. </td>
				2822
				2823	</tr>
				2824
				2825	<tr>
				2826	<td>DePolar</td>
				2827	<td>
				2828	Uses the same arguments and meanings as a 'Polar' distortion
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2829	but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2830
				2831	The special <var>Rmax</var> setting of '0' may however clip
				2832	the corners of the input image. However using the special
				2833	<var>Rmax</var> setting of '-1' (maximum center to corner
				2834	distance) will ensure the whole distorted image is preserved in the
				2835	generated result, so that the same argument to 'Polar' will
				2836	reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
				2837
				2838	Note that as this distortion requires the area resampling of a circular
				2839	arc, which can not be handled by the builtin EWA resampling function.
				2840	As such the normal EWA filters are turned off. It is recommended some
				2841	form of 'super-sampling' image processing technique be used to produce
				2842	a high quality result. </td>
				2843
				2844	</tr>
				2845
				2846	<tr>
				2847	<td>Barrel</td>
				2848	<td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2849	Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
				2850	href="http://wiki.panotools.org/Lens_correction_model" >Helmut
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2851	Dersch</a>, perform a barrel or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
				2852	correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2853	lines straight again. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2854
				2855	<p class="text-center">Arguments: <var>A B C</var> [ <var>D</var> [
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2856	<var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] ] <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2857	or <var>A<sub>x</sub> B<sub>x</sub> C<sub>x</sub> D<sub>x</sub>
				2858	A<sub>y</sub> B<sub>y</sub> C<sub>y</sub> D<sub>y</sub></var>
				2859	[ <var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] </p>
				2860	So that it forms the function
				2861	<p class="text-center">Rsrc = r * ( <var>A</var>r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2862	<var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )</p>
				2863
				2864	Where <var>X</var>,<var>Y</var> is the optional center of the distortion
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2865	(defaulting to the center of the image). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2866	The second form is typically used to distort images, rather than
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2867	correct lens distortions. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2868	</td>
				2869
				2870	</tr>
				2871
				2872	<tr>
				2873	<td>BarrelInverse</td>
				2874	<td>
				2875	This is very similar to 'Barrel' with the same set of
				2876	arguments, and argument handling. However it uses the inverse
				2877	of the radial polynomial,
				2878	so that it forms the function
				2879	<p class="text-center">Rsrc = r / ( <var>A</var>r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2880	<var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )</p>
				2881	Note that this is not the reverse of the 'Barrel'
				2882	distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
				2883
				2884	</td>
				2885	</tr>
				2886
				2887	<tr>
				2888	<td>Shepards</td>
				2889	<td>
				2890	Distort the given list control points (any number) using an Inverse
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2891	Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a
				2892	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method" >Shepards
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2893	Method</a>). The control points in effect do 'localized' displacement
				2894	of the image around the given control point (preserving the look and
				2895	the rotation of the area near the control points. For best results
				2896	extra control points should be added to 'lock' the positions of the
				2897	corners, edges and other unchanging parts of the image, to prevent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2898	their movement. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2899
				2900	The distortion has been likened to 'taffy pulling' using nails, or
				2901	pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2902	position, distorting the surface of the jelly. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2903
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2904	Internally it is equivalent to generating a displacement map (see <a
				2905	href="command-line-options.html#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
				2906	the <a href="command-line-options.html#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2907
				2908	</td>
				2909	</tr>
				2910
				2911	</table>
				2912
				2913	<p>To print a complete list of distortion methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				2914	distort</a>.</p>
				2915
				2916	<p>Many of the above distortion methods such as '<code>Affine</code>',
				2917	'<code>Perspective</code>', and '<code>Shepards</code>' use a list control points
				2918	defining how these points in the given image should be distorted in the
				2919	destination image. Each set of four floating point values represent a source
				2920	image coordinate, followed immediately by the destination image coordinate.
				2921	This produces a list of values such as...</p>
				2922	<p class="text-center"><var>
				2923	U<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>1</sub> X<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>1</sub>
				2924	U<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>2</sub> X<sub>2</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>
				2925	U<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub>,Y<sub>3</sub>
				2926	...
				2927	U<sub>n</sub>,V<sub>n</sub> X<sub>n</sub>,Y<sub>n</sub>
				2928	</var></p>
				2929	<p>where <var>U,V</var> on the source image is mapped to <var>X,Y</var> on the
				2930	destination image. </p>
				2931
				2932	<p>For example, to warp an image using '<code>perspective</code>' distortion,
				2933	needs a list of at least 4 sets of coordinates, or 16 numbers. Here is the
				2934	perspective distortion of the built-in "rose:" image. Note how spaces were
				2935	used to group the 4 sets of coordinate pairs, to make it easier to read and
				2936	understand.</p>
				2937
				2938	<pre>
				2939	convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \
				2940	-distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \
				2941	rose_3d_rotated.gif"
				2942	</pre>
				2943
				2944	<p>If more that the required number of coordinate pairs are given for
				2945	a distortion, the distortion method is 'least squares' fitted to produce the
				2946	best result for all the coordinate pairs given. If less than the ideal number
				2947	of points are given, the distort will generally fall back to a simpler form of
				2948	distortion that can handles the smaller number of coordinates (usually a linear
				2949	'<code>Affine</code>' distortion). </p>
				2950
				2951	<p>By using more coordinates you can make use of image registration tool to
				2952	find matching coordinate pairs in overlapping images, so as to improve the
				2953	'fit' of the distortion. Of course a bad coordinate pair can also make the
				2954	'fit' worse. Caution is always advised. </p>
				2955
				2956	<p>Colors are acquired from the source image according to a cylindrical
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2957	resampling <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a>, using a special technique known as
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2958	EWA resampling. This produces very high quality results, especially when
				2959	images become smaller (minified) in the output, which is very common when
				2960	using '<code>perspective</code>' distortion. For example here we view
				2961	a infinitely tiled 'plane' all the way to the horizon. </p>
				2962
				2963	<pre>
				2964	convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \
				2965	-distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \
				2966	checks_tiled.jpg
				2967	</pre>
				2968
				2969	<p>Note that a infinitely tiled perspective images involving the horizon can
				2970	be very slow, because of the number of pixels that are compressed to generate
				2971	each individual pixel close to the 'horizon'. You can turn off EWA
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2972	resampling, by specifying the special <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2973	'<code>point</code>' (recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead).
				2974	</p>
				2975
				2976	<p>If an image generates <i>invalid pixels</i>, such as the 'sky' in the last
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2977	example, <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> will use the current <a
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	2978	href="command-line-options.html#alpha-color" >-alpha-color</a> setting for these pixels. If you do not
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2979	what these pixels to be visible, set the color to match the rest of the
				2980	ground. </p>
				2981
				2982	<p>The output image size will by default be the same as the input image. This
				2983	means that if the part of the distorted image falls outside the viewed area of
				2984	the 'distorted space', those parts is clipped and lost. However if you use
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2985	the plus form of the operator (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) the operator
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2986	will attempt (if possible) to show the whole of the distorted image, while
				2987	retaining a correct 'virtual canvas' offset, for image layering. This offset
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2988	may need to be removed using <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if it
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2989	is unwanted. </p>
				2990
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2991	<p>Setting <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
				2992	href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
				2993	and the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2994	and debugging purposes. This many not be available for all distorts. </p>
				2995
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2996	<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define"
				2997	>-define</a> distort:viewport={geometry_string}</code>" setting which will
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2998	specify the size and the offset of the generated 'viewport' image of the
				2999	distorted image space.</p>
				3000
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3001	<p>Setting a "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a>
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3002	distort:scale=<var>scale_factor</var></code>" will scale the output image (viewport or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3003	otherwise) by that factor without changing the viewed contents of the
				3004	distorted image. This can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for
				3005	a higher quality result, or for panning and zooming around the image (with
				3006	appropriate viewport changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
				3007
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3008	<p>Setting "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> resample:verbose=1</code>"
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3009	will output the cylindrical filter lookup table created by the EWA (Elliptical
				3010	Weighted Average) resampling algorithm. Note this table uses a squared radius
				3011	lookup value. This is typically only used for debugging EWA resampling. </p>
				3012
				3013
				3014	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3015	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="distribute-cache"></a>-distribute-cache <var>port</var></h3>
				3016	</div>
				3017
				3018	<p class="magick-description">launch a distributed pixel cache server. </p>
				3019
				3020	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3021	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dither"></a>-dither <var>method</var></h3>
				3022	</div>
				3023
				3024	<p class="magick-description">Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to
				3025	images when general color reduction is applied via an option, or automagically
				3026	when saving to specific formats. This enabled by default.</p>
				3027
				3028	<p>Dithering places two or more colors in neighboring pixels so that to the
				3029	eye a closer approximation of the images original color is reproduced. This
				3030	reduces the number of colors needed to reproduce the image but at the cost of
				3031	a lower level pattern of colors. Error diffusion dithers can use any set of
				3032	colors (generated or user defined) to an image. </p>
				3033
				3034	<p>Dithering is turned on by default, to turn it off use the plus form of the
				3035	setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#dither">+dither</a>. This will also also render PostScript
				3036	without text or graphic aliasing. Disabling dithering often (but not always)
				3037	leads to faster process, a smaller number of colors, but more cartoon like
				3038	image coloring. Generally resulting in 'color banding' effects in areas with
				3039	color gradients. </p>
				3040
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3041	<p>The color reduction operators <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, <a
				3042	href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#remap ">-remap</a>, and <a
				3043	href="command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3044	color set they created. These operators are also used as part of automatic
				3045	color reduction when saving images to formats with limited color support, such
				3046	as <code>GIF:</code>, <code>XBM:</code>, and others, so dithering may also be used
				3047	in these cases. </p>
				3048
				3049	<p>Alternatively you can use <a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3050	to generate purely random dither. Or use <a
				3051	href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3052	patterns, using uniform color maps, rather than specific color maps. </p>
				3053
				3054
				3055	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3056	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="draw"></a>-draw <var>string</var></h3>
				3057	</div>
				3058
				3059	<p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</p>
				3060
				3061	<p>Use this option to annotate or decorate an image with one or more graphic
				3062	primitives. The primitives include shapes, text, transformations, and pixel
				3063	operations.</p>
				3064
				3065	<p>The shape primitives:</p>
				3066
				3067	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3068	<dt>point</dt><dd> x,y</dd>
				3069	<dt>line</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3070	<dt>rectangle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3071	<dt>roundRectangle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc</dd>
				3072	<dt>arc</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1</dd>
				3073	<dt>ellipse</dt><dd> x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1</dd>
				3074	<dt>circle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3075	<dt>polyline</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3076	<dt>polygon</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3077	<dt>bezier</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3078	<dt>path</dt><dd>specification </dd>
				3079	<dt>image</dt><dd> operator x0,y0 w,h filename</dd>
				3080	</dl>
				3081
				3082	<p>The text primitive:</p>
				3083
				3084	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3085	<dt>text</dt><dd>x0,y0 string</dd>
				3086	</dl>
				3087	<p>The text gravity primitive:</p>
				3088
				3089	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3090	<dt>gravity</dt><dd>NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center, East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast</dd>
				3091	</dl>
				3092
				3093	<p>The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and does not
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3094	interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a
				3095	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3096	scope to the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
				3097
				3098	<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
				3099
				3100	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3101	<dt>rotate</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3102	<dt>translate</dt><dd>dx,dy</dd>
				3103	<dt>scale</dt><dd>sx,sy</dd>
				3104	<dt>skewX</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3105	<dt>skewY</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3106	</dl>
				3107
				3108	<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
				3109
				3110	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3111	<dt>color</dt><dd>x0,y0 method</dd>
				3112	<dt>matte</dt><dd>x0,y0 method</dd>
				3113	</dl>
				3114
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3115	<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a
				3116	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a
				3117	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the
				3118	"outline" of a shape) with the <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a
				3119	href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3120
				3121	<p>A <code>point</code> primitive is specified by a single <var>point</var> in the
				3122	pixel plane, that is, by an ordered pair of integer coordinates,
				3123	<var>x</var>,<var>y</var>. (As it involves only a single pixel, a <code>point</code>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3124	primitive is not affected by <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a
				3125	href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3126
				3127	<p>A <code>line</code> primitive requires a start point and end point.</p>
				3128
				3129	<p>A <code>rectangle</code> primitive is specified by the pair of points at the
				3130	upper left and lower right corners.</p>
				3131
				3132	<p>A <code>roundRectangle</code> primitive takes the same corner points as
				3133	a <code>rectangle</code> followed by the width and height of the rounded corners
				3134	to be removed.</p>
				3135
				3136	<p>The <code>circle</code> primitive makes a disk (filled) or circle (unfilled).
				3137	Give the center and any point on the perimeter (boundary).</p>
				3138
				3139	<p>The <code>arc</code> primitive is used to inscribe an elliptical segment in
				3140	to a given rectangle. An <code>arc</code> requires the two corners used for
				3141	<code>rectangle</code> (see above) followed by the start and end angles of the
				3142	arc of the segment segment (e.g. 130,30 200,100 45,90). The start and end
				3143	points produced are then joined with a line segment and the resulting segment
				3144	of an ellipse is filled.</p>
				3145
				3146	<p>Use <code>ellipse</code> to draw a partial (or whole) ellipse. Give the
				3147	center point, the horizontal and vertical "radii" (the <var>semi-axes</var> of
				3148	the ellipse) and start and end angles in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150
				3149	0,360).</p>
				3150
				3151	<p>The <code>polyline</code> and <code>polygon</code> primitives require three or
				3152	more points to define their perimeters. A <code>polyline</code> is simply
				3153	a <code>polygon</code> in which the final point is not stroked to the start
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3154	point. When unfilled, this is a <var>polygonal line</var>. If the <a
				3155	href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <code>none</code> (the default), then
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3156	a <code>polyline</code> is identical to a <code>polygon</code>. </p>
				3157
				3158	<p>A <var>coordinate</var> is a pair of integers separated by a space or
				3159	optional comma. </p>
				3160
				3161	<p>As an example, to define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to
				3162	150,150 use:</p>
				3163
				3164	<pre>
				3165	-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
				3166	</pre>
				3167
				3168	<p>The <code>Bezier</code> primitive creates a spline curve and requires three
				3169	or points to define its shape. The first and last points are the
				3170	<var>knots</var> and these points are attained by the curve, while any
				3171	intermediate coordinates are <var>control points</var>. If two control points
				3172	are specified, the line between each end knot and its sequentially respective
				3173	control point determines the tangent direction of the curve at that end. If
				3174	one control point is specified, the lines from the end knots to the one
				3175	control point determines the tangent directions of the curve at each end. If
				3176	more than two control points are specified, then the additional control points
				3177	act in combination to determine the intermediate shape of the curve. In order
				3178	to draw complex curves, it is highly recommended either to use the
				3179	<code>path</code> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with
				3180	the start and end knots of each successive segment repeated. For example:</p>
				3181
				3182	<pre>
				3183	-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
				3184	-draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
				3185	</pre>
				3186
				3187	<p>A <code>path</code> represents an outline of an object, defined in terms of
				3188	moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line), curveto (draw
				3189	a Bezier curve), arc (elliptical or circular arc) and closepath (close the
				3190	current shape by drawing a line to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths
				3191	(i.e., a path with subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by
				3192	one or more line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3193	<var>donut holes</var> in objects. (See <a
				3194	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3195
				3196	<p>Use <code>image</code> to composite an image with another image. Follow the
				3197	image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size, and
				3198	filename:</p>
				3199
				3200	<pre>
				3201	-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
				3202	</pre>
				3203
				3204	<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
				3205	dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
				3206	dimensions. See <a href="compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				3207	a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
				3208
				3209	<p>The "special augmented compose operators" such as "dissolve" that require
				3210	arguments cannot be used at present with the <code>-draw image</code> option.
				3211	</p>
				3212
				3213	<p>Use <code>text</code> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text
				3214	coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in
				3215	single or double quotes.</p>
				3216
				3217	<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <code>Works like
				3218	magick!</code> for an image titled <code>bird.miff</code>. </p>
				3219
				3220	<pre>
				3221	-draw "text 100,100 'Works like magick!' "
				3222	</pre>
				3223
				3224	<p>See the <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way
				3225	to annotate an image with text.</p>
				3226
				3227	<p>The <code>rotate</code> primitive rotates subsequent shape primitives and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3228	text primitives about the origin of the main image. If the <a
				3229	href="command-line-options.html#region">-region</a> option precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3230	option, the origin for transformations is the upper left corner of the
				3231	region.</p>
				3232
				3233	<p>The <code>translate</code> primitive translates subsequent shape and text
				3234	primitives.</p>
				3235
				3236	<p>The <code>scale</code> primitive scales them.</p>
				3237
				3238	<p>The <code>skewX</code> and <code>skewY</code> primitives skew them with respect
				3239	to the origin of the main image or the region.</p>
				3240
				3241	<p>The transformations modify the current affine matrix, which is initialized
				3242	from the initial affine matrix defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a>
				3243	option. Transformations are cumulative within the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>
				3244	option. The initial affine matrix is not affected; that matrix is only changed
				3245	by the appearance of another <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> option. If another
				3246	<a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option appears, the current affine matrix is
				3247	reinitialized from the initial affine matrix.</p>
				3248
				3249	<p>Use the <code>color</code> primitive to change the color of a pixel to the
				3250	fill color (see <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate with
				3251	a method:</p>
				3252
				3253	<pre>
				3254	point
				3255	replace
				3256	floodfill
				3257	filltoborder
				3258	reset
				3259	</pre>
				3260
				3261	<p>Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The
				3262	<code>point</code> method recolors the target pixel. The <code>replace</code>
				3263	method recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
				3264	<code>Floodfill</code> recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target
				3265	pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <code>filltoborder</code> recolors any neighbor
				3266	pixel that is not the border color. Finally, <code>reset</code> recolors all
				3267	pixels.</p>
				3268
				3269	<p>Use <code>matte</code> to the change the pixel matte value to transparent.
				3270	Follow the pixel coordinate with a method (see the <code>color</code> primitive
				3271	for a description of methods). The <code>point</code> method changes the matte
				3272	value of the target pixel. The <code>replace</code> method changes the matte
				3273	value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
				3274	<code>Floodfill</code> changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the
				3275	color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <code>filltoborder</code>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3276	changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a
				3277	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <code>reset</code> changes the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3278	matte value of all pixels.</p>
				3279
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3280	<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a
				3281	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#box">-box</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3282	respectively. Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use
				3283	these options <var>before</var> the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
				3284
				3285	<p>Strings that begin with a number must be quoted (e.g. use '1.png' rather
				3286	than 1.png).</p>
				3287
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3288	<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="magick-vector-graphics.html" >Magick
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3289	Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
				3290
				3291
				3292	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3293	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="duplicate"></a>-duplicate <var>count,indexes</var></h3>
				3294	</div>
				3295
				3296	<p class="magick-description">duplicate an image one or more times.</p>
				3297
				3298	<p>Specify the count and the image to duplicate by its index in the sequence.
				3299	The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the
				3300	sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify
				3301	a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g.
				3302	0,2). Use <code>+duplicate</code> to duplicate the last image in the current
				3303	image sequence.</p>
				3304
				3305	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3306	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="edge"></a>-edge <var>radius</var></h3>
				3307	</div>
				3308
				3309	<p class="magick-description">detect edges within an image.</p>
				3310
				3311	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3312	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <var>radius</var></h3>
				3313	</div>
				3314
				3315	<p class="magick-description">emboss an image.</p>
				3316
				3317	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3318	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <var>filename</var></h3>
				3319	</div>
				3320
				3321	<p class="magick-description">Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher</a>.</p>
				3322
				3323	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <var>filename</var>.</p>
				3324
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3325	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a
				3326	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3327	Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				3328
				3329
				3330
				3331	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3332	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <var>type</var></h3>
				3333	</div>
				3334
				3335	<p class="magick-description">specify the text encoding.</p>
				3336
				3337	<p>Choose from</p>
				3338
				3339	<pre>
				3340	AdobeCustom AdobeExpert
				3341	AdobeStandard AppleRoman
				3342	BIG5 GB2312
				3343	Latin 2 None
				3344	SJIScode Symbol
				3345	Unicode Wansung
				3346	</pre>
				3347
				3348	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3349	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="endian"></a>-endian <var>type</var></h3>
				3350	</div>
				3351
				3352	<p class="magick-description">Specify endianness (<code>MSB</code> or <code>LSB</code>) of the image.</p>
				3353
				3354	<p>To print a complete list of endian types, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list endian</a> option.</p>
				3355
				3356	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#endian">+endian</a> to revert to unspecified endianness.</p>
				3357
				3358
				3359	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3360	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h3>
				3361	</div>
				3362
				3363	<p class="magick-description">Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</p>
				3364
				3365
				3366	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3367	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h3>
				3368	</div>
				3369
				3370	<p class="magick-description">perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</p>
				3371
				3372	<p>To perform histogram equalization on all channels in concert, transform the
				3373	image into some other color space, such as HSL, OHTA, YIQ or YUV, then
				3374	equalize the appropriate intensity-like channel, then convert back to RGB.</p>
				3375
				3376	<p>For example using HSL, we have: ... <code>-colorspace HSL -channel lightness
				3377	-equalize -colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
				3378
				3379	<p>For YIQ, YUV and OHTA use the red channel. For example, OHTA is a principal
				3380	components transformation that puts most of the information in the first
				3381	channel. Here we have ... <code>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize
				3382	-colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
				3383
				3384	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3385	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <var>operator value</var></h3>
				3386	</div>
				3387
				3388	<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</p>
				3389
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3390	<p>(See the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator for some
				3391	multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3392	elaborate calculations are needed.)</p>
				3393
				3394	<p>The behaviors of each <var>operator</var> are summarized in the
				3395	following list. For brevity, the numerical value of a "pixel" referred to
				3396	below is the value of the corresponding channel of that pixel, while
				3397	a "normalized pixel" is that number divided by the maximum
				3398	(installation-dependent) value <var>QuantumRange</var>. (If
				3399	normalized pixels are used, they are restored, following the other
				3400	calculations, to the full range by multiplying by <var>QuantumRange</var>.)</p>
				3401
				3402	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3403	<col width="25%" />
				3404	<col width="75%" />
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3405	<thead>
				3406	<tr>
				3407	<th><var>operator</var></th>
				3408	<th>Summary (see further below for details)</th>
				3409	</tr>
				3410	</thead>
				3411	<tbody>
				3412
				3413	<tr><td>Abs </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels and return absolute value. </td></tr>
				3414	<tr><td>Add </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels. </td></tr>
				3415	<tr><td>AddModulus </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels modulo <var>QuantumRange</var>.</td></tr>
				3416	<tr><td>And </td> <td>Binary AND of pixels with <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3417	<tr><td>Cos, Cosine </td> <td>Apply cosine to pixels with frequency <var>value</var> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				3418	<tr><td>Divide </td> <td>Divide pixels by <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3419	<tr><td>Exp </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				3420	<tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				3421	<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <var>value</var> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><var>value</var></sup>).</td></tr>
				3422	<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
				3423	<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Set pixels to maximum of <var>value</var> and current pixel <var>value</var> (i.e. set any pixels currently less than <var>value</var> to <var>value</var>).</td></tr>
				3424	<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <var>value</var> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
				3425	<tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
				3426	<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Set pixels to minimum of <var>value</var> and current pixel <var>value</var> (i.e. set any pixels currently greater than <var>value</var> to <var>value</var>).</td></tr>
				3427	<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3428	<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3429	<tr><td>Pow </td> <td>Raise normalized pixels to the power <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3430	<tr><td>RightShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values right by <var>value</var> bits (i.e., divide pixels by 2<sup><var>value</var></sup>).</td></tr>
				3431	<tr><td>RMS</td> <td>Square the pixel and add the <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3432	<tr><td>RootMeanSquare</td> <td>Square the pixel and add the <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3433	<tr><td>Set </td> <td>Set pixel equal to <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3434	<tr><td>Sin, Sine </td> <td>Apply sine to pixels with frequency <var>value</var> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				3435	<tr><td>Subtract </td> <td>Subtract <var>value</var> from pixels.</td></tr>
				3436	<tr><td>Xor </td> <td>Binary XOR of pixels with <var>value.</var></td></tr>
				3437
				3438	<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr>
				3439
				3440	<tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3441	<tr><td>Impulse-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3442	<tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3443	<tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="command-line-options.html#noise" >-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3444	<tr><td>PoissonNoise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3445	<tr><td>Uniform-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3446
				3447	<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr>
				3448
				3449	<tr><td>Threshold </td> <td>Threshold pixels larger than <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3450	<tr><td>ThresholdBlack </td> <td>Threshold pixels to zero values equal to or below <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3451	<tr><td>ThresholdWhite </td> <td>Threshold pixels to maximum values above <var>value</var>. </td></tr>
				3452	</tbody>
				3453	</table>
				3454
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3455	<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a
				3456	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3457	calculations are truncated (clipped) to fit in the interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. The transparency channel of the image is
				3458	represented as a 'alpha' values (0 = fully transparent), so, for example, a
				3459	<code>Divide</code> by 2 of the alpha channel will make the image
				3460	semi-transparent. Append the percent symbol '<code>%</code>' to specify a value
				3461	as a percentage of the <var>QuantumRange</var>.</p>
				3462
				3463	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operators, use
				3464	<a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
				3465
				3466	<p>The results of the <code>Add</code>, <code>Subtract</code> and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3467	<code>Multiply</code> methods can also be achieved using either the <a
				3468	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >+level</a> operator, with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3469	appropriate argument, to linearly modify the overall range of color values.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3470	Please note, however, that <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> treats transparency as
				3471	'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-evaluate</a> works with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3472	'alpha' values.</p>
				3473
				3474	<p><code>AddModulus</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides
				3475	addition modulo the <var>QuantumRange</var>. It is therefore
				3476	equivalent to <code>Add</code> unless the resulting pixel value is outside the
				3477	interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. </p>
				3478
				3479	<p><code>Exp or Exponential</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.6.5-1 and
				3480	works on normalized pixel values. The <var>value</var> used with
				3481	<code>Exp</code> should be negative so as to produce a decaying exponential
				3482	function. Non-negative values will always produce results larger unity and
				3483	thus outside the interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. The
				3484	formula is expressed below. </p>
				3485
				3486	<p class="text-center">
				3487	exp(<var>value</var> × <b><var>u</var></b>)
				3488	</p>
				3489
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3490	<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a href="command-line-options.html#-function"
				3491	>-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3492	the result.</p>
				3493
				3494	<p><code>Log</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on
				3495	normalized pixel values. This a <var>scaled</var> log function. The <var>value</var> used with <code>Log</code> provides a <var>scaling
				3496	factor</var> that adjusts the curvature in the graph of the log function. The
				3497	formula applied to a normalized value <b><var>u</var></b> is below. </p>
				3498
				3499	<p class="text-center">
				3500	log(<var>value</var> × <b><var>u</var></b> + 1) / log(<var>value</var> + 1)
				3501	</p>
				3502
				3503	<p><code>Pow</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3504	normalized pixel values. Note that <code>Pow</code> is related to the <a
				3505	href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3506	to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3507	with <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3508	with <code>Pow</code>.</p>
				3509
				3510	<p><code>Cosine</code> and <code>Sine</code> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
				3511	converts the image values into a value according to a (co)sine wave function.
				3512	The synonyms <code>Cos</code> and <code>Sin</code> may also be used. The output
				3513	is biased 50% and normalized by 50% so as to fit in the respective color value
				3514	range. The <var>value</var> scaling of the <var>period</var> of the
				3515	function (its frequency), and thus determines the number of 'waves' that will
				3516	be generated over the input color range. For example, if the <var>value</var> is 1, the effective period is simply the <var>QuantumRange</var>; but if the <var>value</var> is 2,
				3517	then the effective period is the <var>half</var> the <var>QuantumRange</var>.</p>
				3518
				3519	<p class="text-center">
				3520	0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><var>u</var></b> × <var>value</var>).
				3521	</p>
				3522
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3523	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3524	multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
				3525
				3526	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3527	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <var>operator</var></h3>
				3528	</div>
				3529
				3530	<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or
				3531	logical expression over a sequence of images.</p>
				3532
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3533	<p>To print a complete list of <a
				3534	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">-evaluate-sequence</a> operators, use <a
				3535	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3536
				3537	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3538	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="extent"></a>-extent <var>geometry</var></h3>
				3539	</div>
				3540
				3541	<p class="magick-description">Set the image size and offset.</p>
				3542
				3543	<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color.
				3544	To position the image, use offsets in the <var>geometry</var>
				3545	specification or precede with a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3546	specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="command-line-options.html#compose"
				3547	>-compose</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3548
				3549	<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
				3550	display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
				3551	image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
				3552
				3553	<pre>
				3554	convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \
				3555	-gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg
				3556	</pre>
				3557
				3558	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3559
				3560	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3561	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="extract"></a>-extract <var>geometry</var></h3>
				3562	</div>
				3563
				3564	<p class="magick-description">Extract the specified area from image.</p>
				3565
				3566	<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw
				3567	image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
				3568
				3569	<pre>
				3570	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \
				3571	image.rgb image.png",
				3572	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \
				3573	image.rgb image.png"
				3574	</pre>
				3575
				3576	<p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
				3577
				3578	<pre>
				3579	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \
				3580	image.rgb image.png
				3581	</pre>
				3582
				3583	<p>the image is <var>resized</var> to the specified dimensions instead,
				3584	equivalent to:</p>
				3585
				3586	<pre>
				3587	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png
				3588	</pre>
				3589
				3590	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3591
				3592	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3593	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="family"></a>-family <var>fontFamily</var></h3>
				3594	</div>
				3595
				3596	<p class="magick-description">Set a font family for text.</p>
				3597
				3598	<p>This setting suggests a font family that ImageMagick should try to use for
				3599	rendering text. If the family can be found it is used; if not, a default font
				3600	(e.g., "Arial") or a family known to be similar is substituted (e.g.,
				3601	"Courier" might be used if "System" is requested but not found). </p>
				3602
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3603	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				3604	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a
				3605	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3606
				3607	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3608	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="features"></a>-features <var>distance</var></h3>
				3609	</div>
				3610
				3611	<p class="magick-description">display (co-occurrence matrix) texture measure features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</p>
				3612
				3613	<pre>
				3614	Angular Second Moment Sum Entropy
				3615	Contrast Entropy
				3616	Correlation Difference Variance
				3617	Sum of Squares Variance Difference Entropy
				3618	Inverse Difference Moment Information Measure of Correlation 1
				3619	Sum Average Information Measure of Correlation 2
				3620	Sum Variance Maximum Correlation Coefficient
				3621	</pre>
				3622
				3623	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3624	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h3>
				3625	</div>
				3626
				3627	<p class="magick-description">implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
				3628
				3629	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
				3630	users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal
				3631	(spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is
				3632	represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying
				3633	amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along
				3634	the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are
				3635	complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for
				3636	example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier
				3637	Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier
				3638	Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier
				3639	Transform</a>.</p>
				3640
				3641	<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the
				3642	output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two
				3643	separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports
				3644	multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the
				3645	frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be
				3646	visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated
				3647	into a two-component image representation. The first component is the
				3648	magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3649	number. See for example, <a
				3650	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3651
				3652	<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image
				3653	formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF,
				3654	PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these
				3655	formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
				3656
				3657	<pre>
				3658	convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff
				3659	</pre>
				3660
				3661	<p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image.miff[0]</code> and a phase
				3662	image as <code>fft_image.miff[1]</code>. Similarly,</p>
				3663
				3664	<pre>
				3665	convert image.png -fft fft_image.png
				3666	</pre>
				3667
				3668	<p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image-0.png</code> and a phase image
				3669	as <code>fft_image-1.png</code>. If you prefer this representation, then you can
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3670	force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a
				3671	href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3672
				3673	<p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it
				3674	is padded automagically to the larger of the width or height of the input
				3675	image and to an even number of pixels. The padding will occur at the bottom
				3676	and/or right sides of the input image. The resulting output magnitude and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3677	phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a
				3678	href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3679
				3680	<p>Both output components will have dynamic ranges that fit within
				3681	[0, <var>QuantumRange</var>], so that HDRI need not be enabled.
				3682	Phase values nominally range from 0 to 2*π, but is scaled to span the full
				3683	dynamic range. (The first few releases had non-HDRI scaled but HDRI not
				3684	scaled). The magnitude image is not scaled and thus generally will contain
				3685	very small values. As such, the image normally will appear totally black. In
				3686	order to view any detail, the magnitude image typically is enhanced with a log
				3687	function into what is usually called the spectrum. A log function is used to
				3688	enhance the darker values more in comparison to the lighter values. This can
				3689	be done, for example, as follows:</p>
				3690
				3691	<pre>
				3692	convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \
				3693	-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png"
				3694	</pre>
				3695
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3696	<p>where either <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 or <a
				3697	href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> is used to scale the image to full dynamic
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3698	range, first. The argument to the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log
				3699	typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of
				3700	detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more
				3701	visible detail. Too much detail, however, may hide the important features.</p>
				3702
				3703	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to
				3704	use <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
				3705
				3706	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the real
				3707	and imaginary components of the complex valued Fourier transform.</p>
				3708
				3709	<p>However, as the real and imaginary components can contain negative values,
				3710	this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must
				3711	use either MIFF, TIF, PFM or MPC formats for the real and imaginary component
				3712	results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional
				3713	values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part. With either
				3714	MIFF or TIF, one should add -define quantum:format=32, to allow those image
				3715	types to work properly in HDRI mode without clipping.</p>
				3716
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3717	<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a
				3718	href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> are also square, even dimensioned images due to the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3719	padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component
				3720	images.</p>
				3721
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3722	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				3723	href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
				3724	about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				3725	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages, <a
				3726	href="http://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/fourier_transforms/fourier.html"
				3727	>Fred's Fourier Processing With ImageMagick page</a> or this <a
				3728	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging" >Wikipedia</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3729	entry. </p>
				3730
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3731	<p>By default the FFT is normalized (and the IFT is not). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> fourier:normalize=forward</code> to explicitly normalize the FFT and unnormalize the IFT.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3732
				3733
				3734	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3735	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fill"></a>-fill <var>color</var></h3>
				3736	</div>
				3737
				3738	<p class="magick-description">color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</p>
				3739
				3740	<p>This option accepts a color name, a hex color, or a numerical RGB, RGBA,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3741	HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="color.html" >Color Names</a> for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3742	a description of how to properly specify the color argument.</p>
				3743
				3744	<p>Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#" or
				3745	the parentheses from being interpreted by your shell.</p>
				3746
				3747	<p>For example,</p>
				3748
				3749	<pre>
				3750	-fill blue
				3751	-fill "#ddddff"
				3752	-fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
				3753	</pre>
				3754
				3755	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				3756
				3757	<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
				3758
				3759	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3760	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="filter"></a>-filter <var>type</var></h3>
				3761	</div>
				3762
				3763	<p class="magick-description">Use this <var>type</var> of filter when resizing or distorting an image.</p>
				3764
				3765	<p>Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image during
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3766	operations such as <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				3767	>-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3768
				3769	<pre>
				3770	Point Hermite Cubic
				3771	Box Gaussian Catrom
				3772	Triangle Quadratic Mitchell
				3773	</pre>
				3774
				3775	<p>The <code>Bessel</code> and <code>Sinc</code> filter is also provided (as well
				3776	as a faster <code>SincFast</code> equivalent form). However these filters are
				3777	generally useless on their own as they are infinite filters that are being
				3778	clipped to the filters support size. Their direct use is not recommended
				3779	except via expert settings (see below). </p>
				3780
				3781	<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3782	function that the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3783	using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
				3784	operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
				3785
				3786	<pre>
				3787	Lanczos Hamming Parzen
				3788	Blackman Kaiser Welsh
				3789	Hanning Bartlett Bohman
				3790	</pre>
				3791
				3792	<p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
				3793	<code>Lagrange</code>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
				3794	on the current 'support' or 'lobes' expert settings (see below).</p>
				3795
				3796	<p>If you do not select a filter with this option, the filter defaults to
				3797	<code>Mitchell</code> for a colormapped image, an image with a matte channel, or
				3798	if the image is enlarged. Otherwise the filter default to
				3799	<code>Lanczos</code>.</p>
				3800
				3801	<p>To print a complete list of resize filters, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				3802	filter</a> option.</p>
				3803
				3804	<p>You can modify how the filter behaves as it scales your image through the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3805	use of these expert settings (see also <a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> and <a
				3806	href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3807
				3808	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				3809	<tr>
				3810	<td>-define filter:blur=<var>factor</var></td>
				3811	<td>Scale the X axis of the filter (and its window). Use > 1.0 for
				3812	blurry or < 1.0 for sharp. This should only be used with Gaussian and
				3813	Gaussian-like filters simple filters, or you may not get the expected
				3814	results. </td>
				3815	</tr>
				3816
				3817	<tr>
				3818	<td>-define filter:support=<var>radius</var></td>
				3819	<td>Set the filter support radius. Defines how large the filter should be and
				3820	thus directly defines how slow the filtered resampling process is. All
				3821	filters have a default 'preferred' support size. Some filters like
				3822	<code>Lagrange</code> and windowed filters adjust themselves depending on
				3823	this value. With simple filters this value either does nothing (but slow
				3824	the resampling), or will clip the filter function in a detrimental way.
				3825	</td>
				3826	</tr>
				3827
				3828	<tr>
				3829	<td>-define filter:lobes=<var>count</var></td>
				3830	<td>Set the number of lobes to use for the Sinc/Bessel filter. This an
				3831	alternative way of specifying the 'support' range of the filter, that is
				3832	designed to be more suited to windowed filters, especially when used for
				3833	image distorts.</td>
				3834	</tr>
				3835
				3836	<tr>
				3837	<td>-define filter:sigma=<var>value</var></td>
				3838	<td>The 'sigma' value used to define the <code>Gaussian</code> filter. Default
				3839	sigma value is '<code>0.5</code>'. It only effects <code>Gaussian</code> but
				3840	does not shrink (but may enlarge) the filter's 'support'. It can be used
				3841	to generate very small blurs but without the filter 'missing' pixels due
				3842	to using a small support setting. A larger value of '<code>0.707</code>'
				3843	(a value of '1/sqrt(2)') is another common setting. </td>
				3844	</tr>
				3845
				3846	<tr>
				3847	<td>-define filter:b=<var>b-spline_factor</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3848	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3849	<td>-define filter:c=<var>keys_alpha_factor</var></td>
				3850	<td>Redefine the values used for cubic filters such as <code>Cubic</code>,
				3851	<code>Catrom</code>, <code>Mitchel</code>, and <code>Hermite</code>, as well as
				3852	the <code>Parzen</code> cubic windowing function. If only one of the values
				3853	are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Cubic-Keys' filter.
				3854	The values meaning was defined by a research paper by
				3855	Mitchell-Netravali.</td>
				3856	</tr>
				3857
				3858	<tr>
				3859	<td>-define filter:kaiser-beta=<var>value</var></td>
				3860	<td>The 'alpha' value used to as part of the Kaiser Windowing function.
				3861	Default value is '6.5'. It only effects Kaiser windowing function, and
				3862	does not effect any other attributes.
				3863	Before ImageMagick v6.7.6-10, this option was known as "filter:alpha", (an
				3864	inheritance from the very old "zoom" program). It was changed to bring the
				3865	function in line with more modern academic research usage, and better
				3866	assign it be more definitive. </td>
				3867	</tr>
				3868
				3869	<tr>
				3870	<td>-define filter:kaiser-alpha=<var>value</var></td>
				3871	<td>This value when multiplied by 'PI' is equivalent to "kaiser-beta", and
				3872	will override that setting. It only effects Kaiser windowing function,
				3873	and does not effect any other attributes. </td>
				3874	</tr>
				3875
				3876	<tr>
				3877	<td>-define filter:filter=<var>filter_function</var></td>
				3878	<td>Use this function directly as the weighting filter. This will allow
				3879	you to directly use a windowing function such as <code>Blackman</code>,
				3880	as a resampling filter, rather than as its normal usage as a windowing
				3881	function. If defined, no windowing function also defined, the window function is set
				3882	to <code>Box</code>). Directly specifying <code>Sinc</code> or <code>Jinc</code>
				3883	as a filter will also do this. </td>
				3884	</tr>
				3885
				3886	<tr>
				3887	<td>-define filter:window=<var>filter_function</var></td>
				3888	<td>The IIR (infinite impulse response) filters <code>Sinc</code> and
				3889	<code>Jinc</code> are windowed (brought down to zero over the defined
				3890	support range) with the given filter. This allows you to specify a filter
				3891	function to be used as a windowing function for these IIR filters.
				3892	Many of the defined filters are actually windowing functions for these IIR
				3893	filters. A typical choices is <code>Box</code>, (which effectively turns
				3894	off the windowing function). </td>
				3895	</tr>
				3896
				3897	<tr>
				3898	<td>-define filter:win-support=<var>radius</var></td>
				3899	<td>Scale windowing function to this size instead. This causes the windowing
				3900	(or self-windowing Lagrange filter) to act is if the support window is
				3901	larger than what is actually supplied to the calling operator. The filter
				3902	however is still clipped to the real support size given. If unset this
				3903	will equal the normal filter support size. </td>
				3904	</tr>
				3905
				3906	<tr>
				3907	<td>-define filter:verbose=<var>1</var></td>
				3908	<td>This causes IM to print information on the final internal filter
				3909	selection to standard output. This includes a commented header on the
				3910	filter settings being used, and data allowing the filter weights to be
				3911	easily graphed. Note however that some filters are internally defined in terms of other filters. The <code>Lanczos</code> filter for example is defined in terms of
				3912	a <code>SincFast</code> windowed <code>SincFast</code> filter, while
				3913	<code>Mitchell</code> is defined as a general <code>Cubic</code> family filter
				3914	with specific 'B' and 'C' settings. </td>
				3915	</tr>
				3916
				3917	</table>
				3918
				3919	<p>For example, to get a 8 lobe jinc windowed sinc filter (Genseng filter?):</p>
				3920
				3921	<pre>
				3922	convert image.png \
				3923	-filter sinc \
				3924	-set filter:window=jinc \
				3925	-set filter:lobes=8 \
				3926	-resize 150% image.jpg"
				3927	</pre>
				3928
				3929	<p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
				3930
				3931	<pre>
				3932	convert image.png \
				3933	-set filter:filter=sinc \
				3934	-set filter:lobes=4 \
				3935	-resize 150% image.jpg"
				3936	</pre>
				3937
				3938	<p>To extract the data for a raw windowing function, combine it with
				3939	a '<code>Box</code>' filter. For example the '<code>Welch</code> parabolic
				3940	windowing function. </p>
				3941
				3942	<pre>
				3943	convert null: -define filter:filter=Box \
				3944	-define filter:window=Welch \
				3945	-define filter:support=1.0 \
				3946	-define filter:verbose=1 \
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3947	-resize 2 null: > window_welch.dat
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3948	gnuplot
				3949	set grid
				3950	plot \"window_welch.dat\" with lines
				3951	</pre>
				3952
				3953	<p>Note that the use of expert options is provided for image processing experts
				3954	who have studied and understand how resize filters work. Without this
				3955	knowledge, and an understanding of the definition of the actual filters
				3956	involved, using expert settings are more likely to be detrimental to your image
				3957	resizing.</p>
				3958
				3959
				3960	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3961	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h3>
				3962	</div>
				3963
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3964	<p class="magick-description">This is a simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3965
				3966
				3967	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3968	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h3>
				3969	</div>
				3970
				3971	<p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var></p>
				3972
				3973	<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction. The image will be mirrored
				3974	upside-down. </p>
				3975
				3976
				3977	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3978	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var> <var>color</var></h3>
				3979	</div>
				3980
				3981	<p class="magick-description">floodfill the image with color at the specified offset.</p>
				3982
				3983	<p>Flood fill starts from the given 'seed point' which is not gravity effected.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3984	Any color that matches within <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> color distance of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3985	given <var>color</var> argument, connected to that 'seed point'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3986	will be replaced with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> color. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3987
				3988	<p>Note that if the pixel at the 'seed point' does not itself match the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3989	<var>color</var> (according to <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a>), then no
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3990	action will be taken. </p>
				3991
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3992	<p>This operator works more like the <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> option, than
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3993	a more general flood fill that reads the matching color directly at the 'seed
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3994	point'. For this form of flood fill, look at <a href="command-line-options.html#draw" >-draw</a> and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3995	its 'color floodfill' drawing method. </p>
				3996
				3997
				3998	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3999	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h3>
				4000	</div>
				4001
				4002	<p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var>.</p>
				4003
				4004	<p>Reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction, just like the image in
				4005	a vertical mirror. </p>
				4006
				4007
				4008	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4009	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="font"></a>-font <var>name</var></h3>
				4010	</div>
				4011
				4012	<p class="magick-description">set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</p>
				4013
				4014	<p>To print a complete list of fonts, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list font</a>
				4015	option (for versions prior to 6.3.6, use 'type' instead of 'font').</p>
				4016
				4017	<p>In addition to the fonts specified by the above pre-defined list, you can
				4018	also specify a font from a specific source. For example <code>Arial.ttf</code>
				4019	is a TrueType font file, <code>ps:helvetica</code> is PostScript font, and
				4020	<code>x:fixed</code> is X11 font.</p>
				4021
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4022	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				4023	href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a
				4024	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4025
				4026
				4027	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4028	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <var>color</var></h3>
				4029	</div>
				4030
				4031	<p class="magick-description">Define the foreground color for menus.", "display</p>
				4032
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4033	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a
				4034	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4035
				4036	<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
				4037
				4038	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4039	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="format"></a>-format <var>type</var></h3>
				4040	</div>
				4041
				4042	<p class="magick-description">the image format type.</p>
				4043
				4044	<p>When used with the <code>mogrify</code> utility, this option converts any
				4045	image to the image <a href="formats.html">format</a> you specify.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4046	For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a
				4047	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list format</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4048
				4049	<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the
				4050	filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with
				4051	the image format type specified with <a href="command-line-options.html#format">-format</a>. For
				4052	example, if you specify <var>tiff</var> as the format type and the
				4053	input image filename is <var>image.gif</var>, the output image
				4054	filename becomes <var>image.tiff</var>.</p>
				4055
				4056	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4057	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <var>string</var></h3>
				4058	</div>
				4059
				4060	<p class="magick-description">output formatted image characteristics.</p>
				4061
				4062	<p>See <a href="escape.html">Format and Print Image
				4063	Properties</a> for an explanation on how to specify the argument to this
				4064	option.</p>
				4065
				4066	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4067	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="frame"></a>-frame <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4068	</div>
				4069
				4070	<p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</p>
				4071
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	4072	<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha-color"
				4073	>-alpha-color</a> command line option. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4074
				4075	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <var>size</var> portion of the <var>geometry</var> argument indicates the amount of extra width and
				4076	height that is added to the dimensions of the image. If no offsets are given
				4077	in the <var>geometry</var> argument, then the border added is
				4078	a solid color. Offsets <var>x</var> and <var>y</var>, if present, specify that
				4079	the width and height of the border is partitioned to form an outer bevel of
				4080	thickness <var>x</var> pixels and an inner bevel of thickness
				4081	<var>y</var> pixels. Negative offsets make no sense as frame arguments.
				4082	</p>
				4083
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4084	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
				4085	href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4086	'<code>Over</code>' composition method. It generates an image of the appropriate
				4087	size with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and then
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4088	draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	4089	href="command-line-options.html#alpha-color">-alpha-color</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4090	center of this image. This means that with the default compose method of
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4091	'<code>Over</code>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a
				4092	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4093
				4094	<p>The image composition is not
				4095	affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
				4096
				4097
				4098	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4099	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h3>
				4100	</div>
				4101
				4102	<p class="magick-description">include the X window frame in the imported image. </p>
				4103	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4104	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="function"></a>-function <var>function</var> <var>parameters</var></h3>
				4105	</div>
				4106
				4107	<p class="magick-description">Apply a function to channel values.</p>
				4108
				4109	<p>This operator performs calculations based on the given arguments to modify
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4110	each of the color values for each previously set <a
				4111	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a
				4112	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4113	calculations are handled.</p>
				4114
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4115	<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a
				4116	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4117	ImageMagick 6.4.8−8.)</p>
				4118
				4119	<p>Here, <var>parameters</var> is a comma-separated list of
				4120	numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <var>function</var> is selected. Choose the <var>function</var> from:</p>
				4121
				4122	<pre>
				4123	Polynomial
				4124	Sinusoid
				4125	Arcsin
				4126	Arctan
				4127	</pre>
				4128
				4129	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a> operators,
				4130	use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
				4131
				4132	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4133	<dt>Polynomial</dt>
				4134	<dd><p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters,
				4135	these being the coefficients of a polynomial, in decreasing order of degree.
				4136	That is, entering</p>
				4137
				4138	<pre>
				4139	-function Polynomial <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub>,<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub>,...<var>a</var><sub>1</sub>,<var>a</var><sub>0</sub>
				4140	</pre>
				4141
				4142	<p>will invoke a polynomial function given by</p>
				4143
				4144	<pre>
				4145	<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var></sup> + <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var>-1</sup> + ··· <var>a</var><sub>1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>a</var><sub>0</sub>,
				4146	</pre>
				4147
				4148	<p>where <b><var>u</var></b> is pixel's original normalized channel value.</p>
				4149
				4150	<p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function can be used in place of <code>Set</code>
				4151	(the <var>constant</var> polynomial) and <code>Add</code>, <code>Divide</code>,
				4152	<code>Multiply</code>, and <code>Subtract</code> (some <var>linear</var>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4153	polynomials) of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a
				4154	href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4155	correspondences follow.</p>
				4156
				4157	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4158	<tr>
				4159	<td>-evaluate Set <var>value</var> </td>
				4160	<td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var></td>
				4161	<td>(Constant functions; set <var>value</var>×100% gray when channels are RGB.)</td>
				4162	</tr>
				4163	<tr>
				4164	<td>-evaluate Add <var>value</var> </td>
				4165	<td>-function Polynomial 1,<var>value</var></td>
				4166	</tr>
				4167	<tr>
				4168	<td>-evaluate Subtract <var>value</var> </td>
				4169	<td>-function Polynomial 1,−<var>value</var></td>
				4170	</tr>
				4171	<tr>
				4172	<td>-evaluate Multiply <var>value</var> </td>
				4173	<td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var>,0</td>
				4174	</tr>
				4175	<tr>
				4176	<td>+level black% x white%</td>
				4177	<td>-function Polynomial A,B</td>
				4178	<td>(Reduce contrast. Here, A=(white-black)/100 and B=black/100.)</td>
				4179	</tr>
				4180	</table>
				4181
				4182	<p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function gives great versatility, since
				4183	polynomials can be used to fit any continuous curve to any degree of accuracy
				4184	desired.</p>
				4185
				4186	</dd>
				4187	<dt>Sinusoid</dt>
				4188	<dd>
				4189	<p>The <code>Sinusoid</code> function can be used to vary the channel values
				4190	sinusoidally by setting frequency, phase shift, amplitude, and a bias. These
				4191	values are given as one to four parameters, as follows,</p>
				4192
				4193	<pre>
				4194	-function <code>Sinusoid</code> <var>freq</var>,[<var>phase</var>,[<var>amp</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4195	</pre>
				4196
				4197	<p>where <var>phase</var> is in degrees. (The domain [0,1] of the function
				4198	corresponds to 0 through <var>freq</var>×360 degrees.)
				4199	The result is that if a pixel's normalized channel value is originally
				4200	<b><var>u</var></b>, its resulting normalized value is given by </p>
				4201
				4202	<pre>
				4203	<var>amp</var> * sin(2π (<var>freq</var> * <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>phase</var> / 360)) + <var>bias</var>
				4204	</pre>
				4205
				4206	<p> For example, the following generates a curve that starts and ends at 0.9
				4207	(when <b><var>u</var></b>=0 and 1, resp.), oscillating three times between
				4208	.7−.2=.5 and .7+.2=.9. </p>
				4209
				4210	<pre>
				4211	-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
				4212	</pre>
				4213
				4214	<p>The default values of <var>amp</var> and <var>bias</var> are both .5. The default for <var>phase</var>
				4215	is 0.</p>
				4216
				4217	<p>The <code>Sinusoid</code> function generalizes <code>Sin</code> and
				4218	<code>Cos</code> of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allowing
				4219	varying amplitude, phase and bias. The correspondence is as follows.</p>
				4220
				4221	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4222	<tr>
				4223	<td>-evaluate Sin <var>freq</var> </td>
				4224	<td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,0 </td>
				4225	</tr>
				4226	<tr>
				4227	<td>-evaluate Cos <var>freq</var> </td>
				4228	<td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,90 </td>
				4229	</tr>
				4230	</table>
				4231	</dd>
				4232	<dt>ArcSin</dt>
				4233	<dd>
				4234	<p>The <code>ArcSin</code> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
				4235	and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
				4236	The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
				4237	of values.</p>
				4238
				4239	<pre>
				4240	-function <code>ArcSin</code> <var>width</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4241	</pre>
				4242
				4243	<p>with all values given in terms of normalized color values (0.0 for black,
				4244	1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
				4245	for bout input (<var>width</var>), and output (<var>width</var>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
				4246
				4247	<pre>
				4248	<var>range</var>/π * asin( 2/<var>width</var> * ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
				4249	</pre>
				4250
				4251	</dd>
				4252	<dt>ArcTan</dt>
				4253	<dd>
				4254	<p>The <code>ArcTan</code> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
				4255	limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
				4256	All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
				4257
				4258	<pre>
				4259	-function <code>ArcTan</code> <var>slope</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4260	</pre>
				4261
				4262	<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
				4263	</p>
				4264
				4265	<pre>
				4266	<var>range</var>/π * atan( <var>slope</var>π ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
				4267	</pre>
				4268	</dd>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4269	</tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4270	</dl>
				4271
				4272
				4273
				4274	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4275	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <var>distance</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				4276	</div>
				4277
				4278	<p class="magick-description">Colors within this <var>distance</var> are considered equal.</p>
				4279
				4280	<p>A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must
				4281	be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color
				4282	in RGB space. For example, if you want to automagically trim the edges of an
				4283	image with <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> but the image was scanned and the target
				4284	background color may differ by a small amount. This option can account for
				4285	these differences.</p>
				4286
				4287	<p>The <var>distance</var> can be in absolute intensity units or, by
				4288	appending <code>%</code> as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255,
				4289	65535, or 4294967295).</p>
				4290
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4291	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >+fuzz</a> to reset the fuzz value to 0.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4292
				4293
				4294	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4295	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fx"></a>-fx <var>expression</var></h3>
				4296	</div>
				4297
				4298	<p class="magick-description">apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</p>
				4299
				4300	<p>If the first character of <var>expression</var> is <code>@</code>,
				4301	the expression is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the
				4302	string.</p>
				4303
				4304	<p>See <a href="fx.html">FX,
				4305	The Special Effects Image Operator</a> for a detailed discussion of this
				4306	option.</p>
				4307
				4308
				4309	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4310	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <var>value</var></h3>
				4311	</div>
				4312
				4313	<p class="magick-description">level of gamma correction.</p>
				4314
				4315	<p>The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look
				4316	different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma correction to
				4317	adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values extend from
				4318	<code>0.8</code> to <code>2.3</code>. Gamma less than 1.0 darkens the image and
				4319	gamma greater than 1.0 lightens it. Large adjustments to image gamma may
				4320	result in the loss of some image information if the pixel quantum size is only
				4321	eight bits (quantum range 0 to 255).</p>
				4322
				4323	<p>Gamma adjusts the image's channel values pixel-by-pixel according to
				4324	a power law, namely, pow(pixel,1/gamma) or pixel^(1/gamma), where pixel is the
				4325	normalized or 0 to 1 color value. For example, using a value of gamma=2 is the
				4326	same as taking the square root of the image.</p>
				4327
				4328	<p>You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels of
				4329	the image with a gamma value list delimited with commas (e.g.,
				4330	<code>1.7,2.3,1.2</code>).</p>
				4331
				4332	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">+gamma <var>value</var></a> to set the
				4333	image gamma level without actually adjusting the image pixels. This option
				4334	is useful if the image is of a known gamma but not set as an image attribute
				4335	(e.g. PNG images). Write the "file gamma" which is the reciprocal of the
				4336	display gamma; e.g., if your image is sRGB and you want to write a PNG gAMA
				4337	chunk, use</p>
				4338
				4339	<pre>
				4340	convert input.png +gamma .45455 output.png
				4341	</pre>
				4342
				4343	<p>(0.45455 is 1/2.2)</p>
				4344
				4345	<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
				4346
				4347	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4348	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var><br />-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4349	</div>
				4350
				4351	<p class="magick-description">Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</p>
				4352
				4353	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4354	<var >Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4355
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4356	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4357
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4358	<p>The <var >Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4359	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
				4360
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4361	<p>The <var >Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4362	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
				4363	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
				4364	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				4365	</p>
				4366
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4367	<p>The larger the <var >Radius</var> the radius the slower the
				4368	operation is. However too small a <var >Radius</var>, and sever
				4369	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var >Radius</var>
				4370	should be at least twice the <var >Sigma</var> value, though three
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4371	times will produce a more accurate result. </p>
				4372
				4373	<p>This differs from the faster <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a> operator in that a
				4374	full 2-dimensional convolution is used to generate the weighted average of the
				4375	neighboring pixels. </p>
				4376
				4377	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4378	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4379	</p>
				4380
				4381
				4382	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4383	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4384	</div>
				4385
				4386	<p class="magick-description">Set the preferred size and location of the image.</p>
				4387
				4388	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4389
				4390	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4391	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <var>type</var></h3>
				4392	</div>
				4393
				4394	<p class="magick-description">Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</p>
				4395
				4396	<p>Choices include: <code>NorthWest</code>, <code>North</code>,
				4397	<code>NorthEast</code>, <code>West</code>, <code>Center</code>, <code>East</code>,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4398	<code>SouthWest</code>, <code>South</code>, <code>SouthEast</code>. Use <a
				4399	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete list of <a
				4400	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4401	installation.</p>
				4402
				4403	<p>The direction you choose specifies where to position text or subimages. For
				4404	example, a gravity of <code>Center</code> forces the text to be centered within
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4405	the image. By default, the image gravity is <code>NorthWest</code>. See <a
				4406	href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the
				4407	text primitive of <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> is affected by the <a
				4408	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4409
				4410	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with the
				4411	<a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4412	take <var>geometry</var> as an argument, such as the <a
				4413	href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4414
				4415	<p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option
				4416	or setting having a <var>geometry</var> argument that specifies an
				4417	offset, the offset is usually applied to the point within the image suggested
				4418	by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following
				4419	command, for example, suppose the file <code>image.png</code> has dimensions
				4420	200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="command-line-options.html#region">-region</a>
				4421	is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is
				4422	<code>Center</code>, which suggests the midpoint of the image, at the point
				4423	(100,50). The offset (−40,20) is applied to that point, giving
				4424	(100−40,50+20)=(60,70), so the specified 10x10 region is located at
				4425	that point. (In addition, the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the
				4426	region itself, which is <var>centered</var> at the pixel
				4427	coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
				4428
				4429	<pre>
				4430	convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \
				4431	-negate output.png
				4432	</pre>
				4433
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4434	<p>When used as an option to <a href="composite.html">composite</a>, <a
				4435	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4436	within the composite.</p>
				4437
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4438	<p>When used as an option to <a href="montage.html">montage</a>, <a
				4439	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4440	within a tile. The default gravity is <code>Center</code> for this purpose.</p>
				4441
				4442
				4443	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4444	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="grayscale"></a>-grayscale <var>method</var></h3>
				4445	</div>
				4446
				4447	<p class="magick-description">convert image to grayscale.</p>
				4448
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4449	<p>This will use one of the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> methods to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4450	convert the given image into a linear-grayscale image. </p>
				4451
				4452	<p>For example, to convert an image to (linear) Rec709Luminance grayscale, type:</p>
				4453
				4454	<pre>
				4455	convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luminance out.png
				4456	</pre>
				4457
				4458	<p>which is equivalent to:</p>
				4459
				4460	<pre>
				4461	convert in.png -colorspace gray out.png
				4462	</pre>
				4463
				4464	<p>Similarly, to convert an image to (non-linear) Rec709Luma grayscale, type:</p>
				4465
				4466	<pre>
				4467	convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luma out.png
				4468	</pre>
				4469
				4470	<p>which is equivalent to:</p>
				4471
				4472	<pre>
				4473	convert in.png -set colorspace RGB -colorspace gray out.png
				4474	</pre>
				4475
				4476	<p>Note that a 'colorspace' intensity method will produce the same result
				4477	regardless of the current colorpsace of the image. But a 'mathematical'
				4478	intensity method will depend on the current colorspace the image is currently
				4479	using. </p>
				4480
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4481	<p>While this operation uses an <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> method,
				4482	it does not use or set the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting, so
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4483	will not effect other operations that may use that setting.</p>
				4484
				4485
				4486	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4487	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
				4488	</div>
				4489
				4490	<p class="magick-description">green chromaticity primary point.</p>
				4491
				4492
				4493	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4494	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h3>
				4495	</div>
				4496
				4497	<p class="magick-description">apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</p>
				4498
				4499	<p>A Hald color lookup table is a 3-dimensional color cube mapped to 2
				4500	dimensions. Create it with the <code>HALD:</code> prefix (e.g. HALD:8). You
				4501	can apply any color transformation to the Hald image and then use this option
				4502	to apply the transform to the image. </p>
				4503
				4504	<pre>
				4505	convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png
				4506	</pre>
				4507
				4508	<p>This option provides a convenient method for you to use Gimp or Photoshop
				4509	to make color corrections to the Hald CLUT image and subsequently apply them
				4510	to multiple images using an ImageMagick script. </p>
				4511
				4512	<p>Note that the representation is only of the normal RGB color space and that
				4513	the whole color value triplet is used for the interpolated lookup of the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4514	represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a
				4515	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting effected, nor can it adjust or modify an
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4516	images transparency or alpha/matte channel.</p>
				4517
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4518	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4519	of the individual color channels, usually involving a simpler grayscale
				4520	image. E.g: grayscale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4521	mapping. </p>
				4522
				4523
				4524	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4525	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="help"></a>-help</h3>
				4526	</div>
				4527
				4528	<p class="magick-description">print usage instructions.</p>
				4529
				4530	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4531	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
				4532	</div>
				4533
				4534	<p class="magick-description">when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</p>
				4535
				4536	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4537	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="hough-lines"></a>-hough-lines <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
				4538	</div>
				4539
				4540	<p class="magick-description">identify straight lines in the image (e.g. -hough-lines 9x9+195).</p>
				4541
				4542	<p>Use the Hough line detector with any binary edge extracted image to locate and draw any straight lines that it finds.</p>
				4543
				4544	<p>The process accumulates counts for every white pixel in the binary edge image for every possible orientation (for angles from 0 to 179 in 1 deg increments) and distance from the center of the image to the corners (in 1 px increments). It stores the counts in an accumulator matrix of angle vs distance. The size of the accumulator will be 180x(diagonal/2). Next it searches the accumulator for peaks in counts and converts the locations of the peaks to slope and intercept in the normal x,y input image space. The algorithm uses slope/intercepts to find the endpoints clipped to the bounds of the image. The lines are drawn from the given endpoints. The counts are a measure of the length of the lines.</p>.
				4545
				4546	<p>The WxH arguments specify the filter size for locating the peaks in the Hough accumulator. The threshold excludes lines whose counts are less than the threshold value.</p>
				4547
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4548	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a></code> to specify the color of the background onto which the lines will be drawn. The default is black.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4549
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4550	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a></code> to specify the color of the lines. The default is black.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4551
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4552	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#stroke" >-stroke</a></code> and <code><a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth" >-strokewidth</a></code> to specify the thickness of the lines. The default is black and no strokewidth.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4553
				4554	<p>A text file listing the endpoints and counts may be created by using the suffix, .mvg, for the output image.</p>
				4555
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4556	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> hough-lines:accumulator=true</code> to return the accumulator image in addition to the lines image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4557
				4558	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4559	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4560	</div>
				4561
				4562	<p class="magick-description">specify the icon geometry.</p>
				4563
				4564	<p>Offsets, if present in the geometry specification, are handled in the same
				4565	manner as the <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> option, using X11 style to
				4566	handle negative offsets.</p>
				4567
				4568	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4569
				4570	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4571	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h3>
				4572	</div>
				4573
				4574	<p class="magick-description">start in icon mode in X Windows", 'animate', 'display</p>
				4575
				4576	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4577	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h3>
				4578	</div>
				4579
				4580	<p class="magick-description">identify the format and characteristics of the image.</p>
				4581
				4582	<p>This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size;
				4583	the image class (<var>DirectClass</var> or <var>PseudoClass</var>); the total number of unique colors; and the
				4584	number of seconds to read and transform the image. Refer to <a href="miff.html">MIFF</a> for
				4585	a description of the image class.</p>
				4586
				4587	<p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4588	in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a
				4589	href="quantize.html">color
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4590	reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
				4591
				4592	<p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
				4593	amounts of image properties are displayed including image statistics, profiles,
				4594	image histogram, and others.</p>
				4595
				4596	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4597	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h3>
				4598	</div>
				4599
				4600	<p class="magick-description">implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
				4601
				4602	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
				4603	users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase
				4604	images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4605	domain. See for example, <a
				4606	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4607	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and
				4608	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
				4609
				4610	<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of
				4611	the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
				4612
				4613	<pre>
				4614	convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png
				4615	</pre>
				4616
				4617	<p>or</p>
				4618
				4619	<pre>
				4620	convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png
				4621	</pre>
				4622
				4623	<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4624	the original image, prior to the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a> or <a
				4625	href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4626	the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
				4627
				4628	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to
				4629	use <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
				4630
				4631	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real
				4632	and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal
				4633	(spatial) domain.</p>
				4634
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4635	<p>By default the IFT is not normalized (and the FFT is). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> fourier:normalize=inverse</code> to explicitly normalize the IFT and unnormalize the FFT.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4636
				4637	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4638	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h3>
				4639	</div>
				4640
				4641	<p class="magick-description">make image immutable.</p>
				4642
				4643	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4644	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="implode"></a>-implode <var>factor</var></h3>
				4645	</div>
				4646
				4647	<p class="magick-description">implode image pixels about the center.</p>
				4648
				4649	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4650	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="insert"></a>-insert <var>index</var></h3>
				4651	</div>
				4652
				4653	<p class="magick-description">insert the last image into the image sequence.</p>
				4654
				4655	<p>This option takes last image in the current image sequence and inserts it
				4656	at the given index. If a negative index is used, the insert position is
				4657	calculated before the last image is removed from the sequence. As such
				4658	<code>-insert -1</code> will result in no change to the image sequence.</p>
				4659
				4660	<p>The <code>+insert</code> option is equivalent to <code>-insert -1</code>. In
				4661	other words, insert the last image, at the end of the current image sequence.
				4662	Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
				4663
				4664	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4665	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="intensity"></a>-intensity <var>method</var></h3>
				4666	</div>
				4667
				4668	<p class="magick-description">method to generate intensity value from pixel.</p>
				4669
				4670	<p>ImageMagick provides a number of methods used in situations where an
				4671	operator needs to determine a single grayscale value for some purpose, from
				4672	an image with red, green, and blue pixel components. Typically the linear
				4673	<code>Rec709Luminance</code> formula is used, which is the same formula used when
				4674	converting images to <code>-colorspace gray</code>. </p>
				4675
				4676	<p>The following formulas are currently provided, and will first convert
				4677	the pixel values to linear-RGB or non-linear sRGB colorspace before
				4678	being applied to calculate the final greyscale value. </p>
				4679
				4680	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4681	<dt>Rec601Luma</dt><dd> 0.298839R' + 0.586811G'+ 0.114350B'</dd>
				4682	<dt>Rec601Luminance</dt><dd> 0.298839R + 0.586811G + 0.114350B</dd>
				4683	<dt>Rec709Luma</dt><dd> 0.212656R' + 0.715158G' + 0.072186B'</dd>
				4684	<dt>Rec709Luminance</dt><dd> 0.212656R + 0.715158G + 0.072186B</dd>
				4685	<dt>Brightness</dt><dd> max(R', G', B')</dd>
				4686	<dt>Lightness</dt><dd> (min(R', G', B') + max(R', G', B')) / 2.0</dd>
				4687	</dl>
				4688
				4689	<p>Note that the above R,G,B values is the image's linear-RGB values, while
				4690	R',G',B' are sRGB non-linear values. </p>
				4691
				4692	<p>These intensity methods are mathematical in nature and will use the
				4693	current value in the images respective R,G,B channel regardless of
				4694	what that is, or what colorspace the image is currently using.</p>
				4695
				4696	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4697	<dt>Average</dt><dd>(R + G + B) / 3.0</dd>
				4698	<dt>MS</dt><dd>(R^2 + G^2 + B^2) / 3.0</dd>
				4699	<dt>RMS</dt><dd>sqrt( (R^2 + G^2 + B^2) / 3.0 )</dd>
				4700	</dl>
				4701
				4702	<p>These methods are often used for other purposes, such as generating a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4703	grayscale difference image between two color images (using <a href="command-line-options.html#compose"
				4704	>-compose</a> '<code>Difference</code>' composition. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4705
				4706	<p> For example The 'MS' (Mean Squared) setting is good for minimizing color
				4707	error comparisions. While... The method 'RMS' (Root Mean Squared) for
				4708	example is appropriate for calculating color vector distance, from a color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4709	difference image. This is equivalent to the color only component of the <a
				4710	href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor color compare setting. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4711
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4712	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#grayscale" >-grayscale</a> which applies one of the above
				4713	grayscaling formula directly to an image without setting the <a
				4714	href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4715
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4716	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace gray</a> image conversion also uses
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4717	the current intensity setting, but will always convert the image to the
				4718	appropriate sRGB or linear-RGB colorspace before appling the above
				4719	function.</p>
				4720
				4721	<p>To print a complete list of possible pixel intensity setting methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intensity</a>.</p>
				4722
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4723	<p>Operators affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting include:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4724
				4725	<pre>
				4726	-adaptive-blur
				4727	-adaptive-sharpen
				4728	-black-threshold
				4729	-clut (when mapping greyscale CLUT image to alpha channel if set by -channels)
				4730	-colors for gray colorspace
				4731	-compose {LightenIntensity, DarkenIntensity, CopyOpacity, CopyBlack}
				4732	-contrast-stretch
				4733	-distort {ErodeIntensity, DilateIntensity}
				4734	-normalize
				4735	-random-threshold
				4736	-selective-blur
				4737	-shade
				4738	-threshold
				4739	-tint
				4740	-white-threshold
				4741	</pre>
				4742
				4743	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4744	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="intent"></a>-intent <var>type</var></h3>
				4745	</div>
				4746
				4747	<p class="magick-description">use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</p>
				4748
				4749	<p>Use this option to affect the color management operation of an image (see
				4750	<a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a>). Choose from these intents: <code>Absolute,
				4751	Perceptual, Relative, Saturation</code>.</p>
				4752
				4753	<p>The default intent is Perceptual for the sRGB colorspace and undefined for the RGB and gray colorspaces.</p>
				4754
				4755	<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
				4756
				4757	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4758	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <var>type</var></h3>
				4759	</div>
				4760
				4761	<p class="magick-description">the type of interlacing scheme.</p>
				4762
				4763	<p>Choose from:</p>
				4764
				4765	<pre>
				4766	none
				4767	line
				4768	plane
				4769	partition
				4770	JPEG
				4771	GIF
				4772	PNG
				4773	</pre>
				4774
				4775	<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image
				4776	formats such as <code>RGB</code> or <code>YUV</code>.</p>
				4777
				4778	<p><code>None</code> means do not interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...),</p>
				4779
				4780	<p><code>Line</code> uses scanline interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and.</p>
				4781
				4782	<p><code>Plane</code> uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).</p>
				4783
				4784	<p><code>Partition</code> is like plane except the different planes are saved to
				4785	individual files (e.g. image.R, image.G, and image.B).</p>
				4786
				4787	<p>Use <code>Line</code> or <code>Plane</code> to create an <code>interlaced
				4788	PNG</code> or <code>GIF</code> or <code>progressive JPEG</code> image.</p>
				4789
				4790	<p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				4791	interlace</a>.</p>
				4792
				4793	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4794	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <var>type</var></h3>
				4795	</div>
				4796
				4797	<p class="magick-description">Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</p>
				4798
				4799	<p>When looking up the color of a pixel using a non-integer floating point
				4800	value, you typically fall in between the pixel colors defined by the source
				4801	image. This setting determines how the color is determined from the colors of
				4802	the pixels surrounding that point. That is how to determine the color of a
				4803	point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
				4804
				4805	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4806	<dt>integer</dt>
				4807	<dd>The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)</dd>
				4808	<dt>nearest-neighbor</dt>
				4809	<dd>The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)</dd>
				4810	<dt>average</dt>
				4811	<dd>The average color of the surrounding four pixels</dd>
				4812	<dt>bilinear</dt>
				4813	<dd>A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)</dd>
				4814	<dt>mesh</dt>
				4815	<dd>Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations</dd>
				4816	<dt>bicubic</dt>
				4817	<dd>Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels</dd>
				4818	<dt>spline</dt>
				4819	<dd>Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)</dd>
				4820	<dt>filter</dt>
				4821	<dd>Use resize <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> settings</dd>
				4822	</dl>
				4823
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4824	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				4825	>-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#transform"
				4826	>-transform</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4827
				4828	<p>To print a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list interpolate</a>.</p>
				4829
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4830	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4831	lookup for positions outside the boundaries of the image. </p>
				4832
				4833
				4834	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4835	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
				4836	</div>
				4837
				4838	<p class="magick-description">the space between two text lines.</p>
				4839
				4840	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4841	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
				4842	</div>
				4843
				4844	<p class="magick-description">the space between two words.</p>
				4845
				4846	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4847	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <var>value</var></h3>
				4848	</div>
				4849
				4850	<p class="magick-description">the space between two letters.</p>
				4851
				4852	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4853	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="kuwahara"></a>-kuwahara <var>radius</var><br />-kuwahara <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4854	</div>
				4855
				4856	<p class="magick-description">edge preserving noise reduction filter.</p>
				4857
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4858	<p>The <var >radius</var> is more important than the <var >sigma</var>. If <var >sigma</var> is left off, it will be computed automatically from the <var >radius</var> as <var >sigma</var>=<var >radius</var>-0.5. The <var >sigma</var> provides a bit of additional smoothing control.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4859
				4860
				4861	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4862	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="label"></a>-label <var>name</var></h3>
				4863	</div>
				4864
				4865	<p class="magick-description">assign a label to an image.</p>
				4866
				4867	<p>Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, as it is read in
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4868	or created. You can use the <a href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assign
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4869	a the labels of images already read in. Image formats such as TIFF, PNG,
				4870	MIFF, supports saving the label information with the image.</p>
				4871
				4872	<p>When saving an image to a <var>PostScript</var> file, any label
				4873	assigned to an image is used as a header string to print above the postscript
				4874	image. </p>
				4875
				4876	<p>You can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
				4877	attribute by embedding special format character. See <a href="escape.html">Format and Print Image
				4878	Properties</a> for details of the percent escape codes.</p>
				4879
				4880	<p>For example,</p>
				4881
				4882	<pre>
				4883	-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				4884	</pre>
				4885
				4886	<p>assigns an image label of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> to the
				4887	"<code>bird.miff</code>" image and whose width is 512 and height is 480, as it
				4888	is read in. If a <a href="command-line-options.html#label">+label</a> option was used instead, any
				4889	existing label present in the image would be used. You can remove all labels
				4890	from an image by assigning the empty string. </p>
				4891
				4892	<p>A label is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image datastream
				4893	via <var>Label</var> tag or similar mechanism. If you want the label to be
				4894	visible on the image itself, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option, or
				4895	during the final processing in the creation of an image montage.</p>
				4896
				4897	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image label is read from a file titled by the
				4898	remaining characters in the string. Labels in a file are literal, no embedded
				4899	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				4900
				4901
				4902	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4903	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="lat"></a>-lat <var>width</var><br />-lat <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>offset</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4904	</div>
				4905
				4906	<p class="magick-description">perform local adaptive threshold.</p>
				4907
				4908	<p>Adaptively threshold each pixel based on the value of pixels in a
				4909	surrounding window. If the current pixel is lighter than this average plus
				4910	the optional <code>offset</code>, then it is made white, otherwise it is made
				4911	black. Small variations in pixel values such as found in scanned documents
				4912	can be ignored if offset is positive. A negative offset will make it more
				4913	sensitive to those small variations. </p>
				4914
				4915	<p>This is commonly used to threshold images with an uneven background. It is
				4916	based on the assumption that average color of the small window is the
				4917	the local background color, from which to separate the foreground color. </p>
				4918
				4919
				4920	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4921	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="layers"></a>-layers <var>method</var></h3>
				4922	</div>
				4923
				4924	<p class="magick-description">handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</p>
				4925
				4926	<p>Perform various image operation methods to a ordered sequence of images
				4927	which may represent either a set of overlaid 'image layers', a GIF disposal
				4928	animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
				4929
				4930	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4931	<tbody>
				4932	<tr>
				4933	<th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				4934	<th>Description</th>
				4935	</tr>
				4936
				4937	<tr>
				4938	<td>compare-any</td>
				4939	<td>Crop the second and later frames to the smallest rectangle
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4940	that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a
				4941	href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4942	</tr>
				4943
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4944	<tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
				4945	>-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4946	working, especially when animation used layer disposal methods such as
				4947	'<code>Previous</code>' or '<code>Background</code>'. </td>
				4948	</tr>
				4949
				4950	<tr>
				4951	<td>compare-clear</td>
				4952	<td>As '<code>compare-any</code>' but crop to the bounds of any
				4953	opaque pixels which become transparent in the second frame. That is the
				4954	smallest image needed to mask or erase pixels for the next frame. </td>
				4955	</tr>
				4956
				4957	<tr>
				4958	<td>compare-overlay</td>
				4959	<td>As '<code>compare-any</code>' but crop to pixels that add
				4960	extra color to the next image, as a result of overlaying color pixels.
				4961	That is the smallest single overlaid image to add or change colors. </td>
				4962	</tr>
				4963
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4964	<tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> alpha
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4965	composition method '<code>change-mask</code>', to reduce the image to
				4966	just the pixels that need to be overlaid. </td>
				4967	</tr>
				4968
				4969	<tr>
				4970	<td>coalesce</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4971	<td>Equivalent to a call to the <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce"
				4972	>-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4973	current image sequence to form a fully defined animation sequence, as
				4974	it should be displayed. Effectively converting a GIF animation into a
				4975	'film strip'-like animation. </td>
				4976	</tr>
				4977
				4978	<tr>
				4979	<td>composite</td>
				4980	<td>Alpha Composition of two image lists, separated by a
				4981	"<code>null:</code>" image, with the destination image list first, and
				4982	the source images last. An image from each list are composited
				4983	together until one list is finished. The separator image and source
				4984	image lists are removed. </td>
				4985	</tr>
				4986
				4987
				4988	<tr><td></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4989	<td>The <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
				4990	to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
				4991	canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
				4992	href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4993	added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
				4994
				4995	<tr><td></td>
				4996	<td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
				4997	applied to all the images in the other image list, regardless of which
				4998	list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
				4999	preserved. </td>
				5000	</tr>
				5001
				5002
				5003	<tr>
				5004	<td>dispose</td>
				5005	<td>This like '<code>coalesce</code>' but shows the look of
				5006	the animation after the layer disposal method has been applied, before
				5007	the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5008	results from the application of the GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose"
				5009	>-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5010	is going wrong with a particular animation you may be developing.
				5011	</td>
				5012	</tr>
				5013
				5014	<tr>
				5015	<td>flatten</td>
				5016	<td>Create a canvas the size of the first images virtual
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5017	canvas using the current <a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a> color,
				5018	and <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5019	canvas. Images falling outside that canvas is clipped. Final
				5020	image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
				5021	</tr>
				5022
				5023	<tr><td></td>
				5024	<td>This usually used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
				5025	overlaying all the prepared image layers into a final image. </td>
				5026	</tr>
				5027
				5028	<tr><td></td>
				5029	<td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
				5030	canvas with real pixels, or to underlay an opaque color to remove
				5031	transparency from an image.</td>
				5032	</tr>
				5033
				5034
				5035	<tr>
				5036	<td>merge</td>
				5037	<td>As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
				5038	layers to create a new layer image just large enough to hold all the
				5039	image without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset
				5040	will preserve the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
				5041	negative. The virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
				5042	</td>
				5043	</tr>
				5044
				5045	<tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with
				5046	negative offsets as few image file formats handle them correctly.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5047	Following this operation method with <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5048	will remove the layer offset, and create an image in which all the
				5049	overlaid image positions relative to each other is preserved, though
				5050	not necessarily exactly where you specified them.
				5051	</td>
				5052	</tr>
				5053
				5054	<tr><td></td><td>See also 'trim-bounds' below which is closely related but
				5055	without doing the'flatten' to merge the images together. </td>
				5056	</tr>
				5057
				5058	<tr>
				5059	<td>mosaic</td>
				5060	<td>As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
				5061	of the first image in a positive direction only so as to hold all the
				5062	image layers. However as a virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin,
				5063	by its own definition, image layers with a negative offsets will still
				5064	become clipped by the top and left edges. See 'merge' or 'trim-bounds'
				5065	if this could be a problem. </td>
				5066
				5067	</tr>
				5068
				5069	<tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image
				5070	using various offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The
				5071	resulting image will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so
				5072	can be saved to any image file format. </td>
				5073	</tr>
				5074
				5075
				5076	<tr>
				5077	<td>optimize</td>
				5078	<td>Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation using
				5079	a number of general techniques. This currently a short cut to
				5080	apply both the '<code>optimize-frame</code>', and
				5081	'<code>optimize-transparency</code>' methods but may be expanded to
				5082	include other optimization methods as they are developed. </td>
				5083	</tr>
				5084
				5085	<tr>
				5086	<td>optimize-frame</td>
				5087	<td>Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation by
				5088	reducing the number of pixels per frame as much as possible by
				5089	attempting to pick the best layer disposal method to use, while ensuring
				5090	the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
				5091	</tr>
				5092
				5093	<tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found.
				5094	But then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
				5095	However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
				5096	optimizers seen. </td>
				5097	</tr>
				5098
				5099	<tr>
				5100	<td>optimize-plus</td>
				5101	<td>As '<code>optimize-frame</code>' but attempt to improve the
				5102	overall optimization by adding extra frames to the animation, without
				5103	changing the final look or timing of the animation. The frames are
				5104	added to attempt to separate the clearing of pixels from the
				5105	overlaying of new additional pixels from one animation frame to the
				5106	next. If this does not improve the optimization (for the next frame
				5107	only), it will fall back to the results of the previous normal
				5108	'<code>optimize-frame</code>' technique. </td>
				5109	</tr>
				5110
				5111	<tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal
				5112	style will result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames,
				5113	though this is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is
				5114	better than the normal '<code>optimize-frame</code>' technique. For some
				5115	animations however you can get a vast improvement in the final
				5116	animation size. </td>
				5117	</tr>
				5118
				5119	<tr>
				5120	<td>optimize-transparency</td>
				5121	<td>Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
				5122	overlay images with transparency, if it does not change the resulting
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5123	animation by more than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5124	</td>
				5125	</tr>
				5126
				5127	<tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation
				5128	to compress into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one
				5129	(transparent) color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating
				5130	the current disposed image of the last frame. </td>
				5131	</tr>
				5132
				5133	<tr>
				5134	<td>remove-dups</td>
				5135	<td>Remove (and merge time delays) of duplicate consecutive
				5136	images, so as to simplify layer overlays of coalesced animations.
				5137	</td>
				5138	</tr>
				5139
				5140	<tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay
				5141	across the whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into
				5142	smaller sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been
				5143	used as part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
				5144	</tr>
				5145
				5146	<tr>
				5147	<td>remove-zero</td>
				5148	<td>Remove any image with a zero time delay, unless ALL the
				5149	images have a zero time delay (and is not a proper timed animation, a
				5150	warning is then issued). </td>
				5151	</tr>
				5152
				5153	<tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which
				5154	provide partial intermediary updates between the frames that are
				5155	actually displayed to users. These frames are usually added for
				5156	improved frame optimization in GIF animations. </td>
				5157	</tr>
				5158
				5159	<tr>
				5160	<td>trim-bounds</td>
				5161	<td>Find the bounds of all the images in the current
				5162	image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
				5163	a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified or
				5164	merged, only the individual image virtual canvas size and offset.
				5165	All the images is given the same canvas size, and and will have
				5166	a positive offset, but will remain in the same position relative to
				5167	each other. As a result of the minimal canvas size at least one image
				5168	will touch every edge of that canvas. The image data touching those
				5169	edges however may be transparent. </td>
				5170	</tr>
				5171
				5172	<tr><td></td><td>The result is much like if you used 'merge' followed by a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5173	<a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> option, except that all the images
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5174	have been kept separate. If 'flatten' is used after using
				5175	'trim-bounds' you will get the same result. </td>
				5176	</tr>
				5177
				5178	</tbody>
				5179	</table>
				5180
				5181	<p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list layers</a>.</p>
				5182
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5183	<p>The operators <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
				5184	>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic"
				5185	>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods and may be depreciated in
				5186	the future. Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#repage"
				5187	>-repage</a> operators, the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the
				5188	GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5189	settings. </p>
				5190
				5191
				5192	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5193	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="level"></a>-level <var>black_point</var>{,<var>white_point</var>}{<var>%</var>}{,<var>gamma</var>}</h3>
				5194	</div>
				5195
				5196	<p class="magick-description">adjust the level of image channels.</p>
				5197
				5198	<p>Given one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point,
				5199	white-point, gamma (for example: 10,250,1.0 or 2%,98%,0.5). The black and
				5200	white points range from 0 to <var>QuantumRange</var>, or from 0 to
				5201	100%; if the white point is omitted it is set to (<var>QuantumRange</var> - black_point), so as to center contrast changes.
				5202	If a <code>%</code> sign is present anywhere in the string, both black and white
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5203	points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma will do a <a
				5204	href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is omitted, the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5205	default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed.</p>
				5206
				5207	<p>In normal usage (<code>-level</code>) the image values are stretched so that
				5208	the given '<code>black_point</code>' value in the original image is set to zero
				5209	(or black), while the given '<code>white_point</code>' value is set to <var>QuantumRange</var> (or white). This provides you with direct
				5210	contrast adjustments to the image. The '<code>gamma</code>' of the resulting
				5211	image will then be adjusted. </p>
				5212
				5213	<p>From ImageMagick v6.4.1-9 using the plus form of the operator
				5214	(<code>+level</code>) or adding the special '!' flag anywhere in the argument
				5215	list, will cause the operator to do the reverse of the level adjustment. That
				5216	is a zero, or <var>QuantumRange</var> value (black, and white, resp.)
				5217	in the original image, is adjusted to the given level values, allowing you to
				5218	de-contrast, or compress the channel values within the image. The
				5219	'<code>gamma</code>' is adjusted before the level adjustment to de-contrast the
				5220	image is made. </p>
				5221
				5222	<p>Only the channels defined by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				5223	setting are adjusted (defaults to RGB color channels only), allowing you to
				5224	limit the effect of this operator. </p>
				5225
				5226	<p>Please note that the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				5227	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				5228
				5229
				5230	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5231	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<var>black_color</var>}{,}{<var>white_color</var>}</h3>
				5232	</div>
				5233
				5234	<p class="magick-description">adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors.</p>
				5235
				5236	<p>This function is exactly like <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a>, except that the
				5237	value value for each color channel is determined by the
				5238	'<code>black_color</code>' and '<code>white_color</code>' colors given (as
				5239	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
				5240
				5241	<p>This effectually means the colors provided to <code>-level-colors</code>
				5242	is mapped to become 'black' and 'white' respectively, with all the other
				5243	colors linearly adjusted (or clipped) to match that change. Each channel is
				5244	adjusted separately using the channel values of the colors specified. </p>
				5245
				5246	<p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<code>+level-colors</code>)
				5247	will map the image color 'black' and 'white' to the given colors
				5248	respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5249	those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain grayscale image into a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5250	one using the gradient of colors specified. </p>
				5251
				5252	<p>By supplying a single color with a comma separator either before or after
				5253	that color, will just replace the respective 'black' or 'white' point
				5254	respectively. But if no comma separator is provided, the given color is
				5255	used for both the black and white color points, making the operator either
				5256	threshold the images around that color (- form) or set all colors to that
				5257	color (+ form). </p>
				5258
				5259
				5260	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5261	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="limit"></a>-limit <var>type value</var></h3>
				5262	</div>
				5263
				5264	<p class="magick-description">Set the pixel cache resource limit.</p>
				5265
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5266	<p>Choose from: <code>width</code>, <code>height</code>, <code>area</code>, <code>memory</code>, <code>map</code>, <code>disk</code>, <code>file</code>, <code>thread</code>, <code>throttle</code>, or <code>time</code>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5267
				5268	<p>The value for <code>file</code> is in number of files. The other limits are
				5269	in bytes. Define arguments for the memory, map, area, and disk resource limits
				5270	with SI prefixes (.e.g 100MB).</p>
				5271
				5272	<p>By default the limits are 768 files, 3GB of image area, 1.5GiB memory, 3GiB
				5273	memory map, and 18.45EB of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the
				5274	available resources on your computer if this information is available. When
				5275	any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take
				5276	compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits
				5277	memory:</p>
				5278
				5279	<pre>
				5280	-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
				5281	</pre>
				5282
				5283	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
				5284
				5285	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5286	-> identify -list resource
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5287	Resource limits:
				5288	Width: 100MP
				5289	Height: 100MP
				5290	Area: 25.181GB
				5291	Memory: 11.726GiB
				5292	Map: 23.452GiB
				5293	Disk: unlimited
				5294	File: 768
				5295	Thread: 12
				5296	Throttle: 0
				5297	Time: unlimited
				5298	</pre>
				5299
				5300	<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one
				5301	of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5302	disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5303	and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of
				5304	allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the
				5305	request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the
				5306	<code>area</code> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
				5307
				5308	<p>To illustrate how ImageMagick utilizes resource limits, consider a typical
				5309	image resource request. First, ImageMagick tries to allocate the pixels in
				5310	memory. The request might be denied if the resource request exceeds the
				5311	<code>memory</code> limit or if the system does not honor the request. If
				5312	a memory request is not honored, the pixels are allocated to disk and the file
				5313	is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the
				5314	<code>map</code> limit, the resource allocation goes to disk. In all cases, if
				5315	the resource request exceeds the <code>area</code> limit, the pixels are
				5316	automagically cached to disk. If the disk has a hard limit, the program
				5317	fails.</p>
				5318
				5319	<p>In most cases you simply do not need to concern yourself with resource
				5320	limits. ImageMagick chooses reasonable defaults and most images do not tax
				5321	your computer resources. Where limits do come in handy is when you process
				5322	images that are large or on shared systems where ImageMagick can consume all
				5323	or most of the available memory. In this case, the ImageMagick workflow slows
				5324	other processes or, in extreme cases, brings the system to a halt. Under
				5325	these circumstances, setting limits give some assurances that the ImageMagick
				5326	workflow will not interfere with other concurrent uses of the computer. For
				5327	example, assume you have a web interface that processes images uploaded from
				5328	the Internet. To assure ImageMagick does not exceed 10MiB of memory you can
				5329	simply set the area limit to 10MiB:</p>
				5330
				5331	<pre>
				5332	-limit area 10MB
				5333	</pre>
				5334
				5335	<p>Now whenever a large image is processed, the pixels are automagically
				5336	cached to disk instead of memory. This of course implies that large images
				5337	typically process very slowly, simply because pixel processing in memory can
				5338	be an order of magnitude faster than on disk. Because your web site users
				5339	might inadvertently upload a huge image to process, you should set a disk
				5340	limit as well:</p>
				5341
				5342	<pre>
				5343	-limit area 10MB -limit disk 500MB
				5344	</pre>
				5345
				5346	<p>Here ImageMagick stops processing if an image requires more than 500MB of disk storage.</p>
				5347
				5348	<p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5349	with <a href="resources.html#environment" >environment variables</a>. Set the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5350	environment variables <code>MAGICK_AREA_LIMIT</code>,
				5351	<code>MAGICK_DISK_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_FILE_LIMIT</code>,
				5352	<code>MAGICK_MEMORY_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_MAP_LIMIT</code>,
				5353	<code>MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_TIME_LIMIT</code> for limits of
				5354	image area, disk space, open files, heap memory, memory map, number of threads
				5355	of execution, and maximum elapsed time in seconds respectively.</p>
				5356
				5357	<p> Inquisitive users can try adding <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug cache</a> to
				5358	their commands and then scouring the generated output for references to the
				5359	pixel cache, in order to determine how the pixel cache was allocated and how
				5360	resources were consumed. Advanced Unix/Linux users can pipe that output
				5361	through <code>grep memory\|open\|destroy\|disk</code> for more readable sifting.
				5362	</p>
				5363
				5364	<p>For more about ImageMagick's use of resources, see the section <b>Cache
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5365	Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="architecture.html#cache
				5366	">Architecture</a> page. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5367
				5368	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5369	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5370	</div>
				5371
				5372	<p class="magick-description">Linear with saturation stretch.</p>
				5373
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5374	<p>This is very similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5375	and uses a 'histogram bin' to determine the range of color values that needs to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5376	be stretched. However it then stretches those colors using the <a
				5377	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5378
				5379	<p>As such while the initial determination may have 'binning' round off
				5380	effects, the image colors are stretched mathematically, rather than using the
				5381	histogram bins. This makes the operator more accurate. </p>
				5382
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5383	<p>note however that a <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5384	'<code>0</code>' does nothing, while a value of '<code>1</code>' does a near
				5385	perfect stretch of the color range. </p>
				5386
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5387	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5388	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				5389
				5390	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				5391
				5392
				5393	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5394	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h3>
				5395	</div>
				5396
				5397	<p class="magick-description">the line width for subsequent draw operations.</p>
				5398
				5399	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5400	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5401	</div>
				5402
				5403	<p class="magick-description">rescale image with seam-carving.</p>
				5404
				5405	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5406
				5407	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5408	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="list"></a>-list <var>type</var></h3>
				5409	</div>
				5410
				5411	<p class="magick-description">Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</p>
				5412
				5413	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				5414	Align
				5415	Alpha
				5416	Boolean
				5417	Cache
				5418	Channel
				5419	Class
				5420	ClipPath
				5421	Coder
				5422	Color
				5423	Colorspace
				5424	Command
				5425	Complex
				5426	Compose
				5427	Compress
				5428	Configure
				5429	DataType
				5430	Debug
				5431	Decoration
				5432	Delegate
				5433	Direction
				5434	Dispose
				5435	Distort
				5436	Dither
				5437	Endian
				5438	Evaluate
				5439	FillRule
				5440	Filter
				5441	Font
				5442	Format
				5443	Function
				5444	Gravity
				5445	Intensity
				5446	Intent
				5447	Interlace
				5448	Interpolate
				5449	Kernel
				5450	Layers
				5451	LineCap
				5452	LineJoin
				5453	List
				5454	Locale
				5455	LogEvent
				5456	Log
				5457	Magic
				5458	Method
				5459	Metric
				5460	Mime
				5461	Mode
				5462	Morphology
				5463	Module
				5464	Noise
				5465	Orientation
				5466	PixelIntensity
				5467	Policy
				5468	PolicyDomain
				5469	PolicyRights
				5470	Preview
				5471	Primitive
				5472	QuantumFormat
				5473	Resource
				5474	SparseColor
				5475	Statistic
				5476	Storage
				5477	Stretch
				5478	Style
				5479	Threshold
				5480	Type
				5481	Units
				5482	Validate
				5483	VirtualPixel
				5484	</pre>
				5485
				5486	<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<code>-list
				5487	list</code>" to get a complete listing of all the "<code>-list</code>" arguments
				5488	available:</p>
				5489
				5490	<pre>
				5491	identify -list list
				5492	</pre>
				5493
				5494	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5495	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="log"></a>-log <var>string</var></h3>
				5496	</div>
				5497
				5498	<p class="magick-description">Specify format for debug log.</p>
				5499
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5500	<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
				5501	href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5502
				5503	<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
				5504	characters:</p>
				5505
				5506	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5507	<dt>%d</dt><dd>domain</dd>
				5508	<dt>%e</dt><dd>event</dd>
				5509	<dt>%f</dt><dd>function</dd>
				5510	<dt>%l</dt><dd>line</dd>
				5511	<dt>%m</dt><dd>module</dd>
				5512	<dt>%p</dt><dd>process ID</dd>
				5513	<dt>%r</dt><dd>real CPU time</dd>
				5514	<dt>%t</dt><dd>wall clock time</dd>
				5515	<dt>%u</dt><dd>user CPU time</dd>
				5516	<dt>%%</dt><dd>percent sign</dd>
				5517	<dt>\n</dt><dd>newline</dd>
				5518	<dt>\r</dt><dd>carriage return</dd>
				5519	</dl>
				5520
				5521	<p>For example:</p>
				5522
				5523	<pre>
				5524	convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png
				5525	</pre>
				5526
				5527	<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
				5528
				5529	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5530	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="loop"></a>-loop <var>iterations</var></h3>
				5531	</div>
				5532
				5533	<p class="magick-description">add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</p>
				5534
				5535	<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times,
				5536	otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <var>iterations</var>
				5537	times.</p>
				5538
				5539	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5540	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
				5541	</div>
				5542
				5543	<p class="magick-description">when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</p>
				5544
				5545	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5546	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify</h3>
				5547	</div>
				5548
				5549	<p class="magick-description">double the size of the image with pixel art scaling.</p>
				5550
				5551
				5552	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5553	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="map"></a>-map <var>type</var></h3>
				5554	</div>
				5555
				5556	<p class="magick-description">Display image using this <var>type</var>.</p>
				5557
				5558	<p>Choose from these <var>Standard Colormap</var> types:</p>
				5559
				5560	<pre>
				5561	best
				5562	default
				5563	gray
				5564	red
				5565	green
				5566	blue
				5567	</pre>
				5568
				5569	<p>The <var>X server</var> must support the <var>Standard
				5570	Colormap</var> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <code>list</code> as
				5571	the type and <code>display</code> searches the list of colormap types in
				5572	<code>top-to-bottom</code> order until one is located. See <var>xstdcmap(1)</var> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
				5573
				5574
				5575	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5576	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <var>components</var></h3>
				5577	</div>
				5578
				5579	<p class="magick-description">pixel map.</p>
				5580
				5581	<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
				5582
				5583	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5584	<dt>r</dt><dd> red pixel component</dd>
				5585	<dt>g</dt><dd> green pixel component</dd>
				5586	<dt>b</dt><dd> blue pixel component</dd>
				5587	<dt>a</dt><dd> alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)</dd>
				5588	<dt>o</dt><dd> opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)</dd>
				5589	<dt>i</dt><dd> grayscale intensity pixel component</dd>
				5590	<dt>c</dt><dd> cyan pixel component</dd>
				5591	<dt>m</dt><dd> magenta pixel component</dd>
				5592	<dt>y</dt><dd> yellow pixel component</dd>
				5593	<dt>k</dt><dd> black pixel component</dd>
				5594	<dt>p</dt><dd> pad component (always 0)</dd>
				5595	</dl>
				5596
				5597	<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
				5598	bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
				5599
				5600
				5601	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5602	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mask"></a>-mask
				5603	<var>filename</var></h3>
				5604	</div>
				5605
				5606	<p class="magick-description">Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</p>
				5607
				5608	<p>This the same as using a mask used for composite masking operations, with
				5609	grayscale values causing blended updates of the image the mask is attached to.
				5610	</p>
				5611
				5612	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#mask">+mask</a> to remove the mask from images.</p>
				5613
				5614	<p>Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
				5615	but with strict boolean masking. </p>
				5616
				5617	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5618	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <var>color</var></h3>
				5619	</div>
				5620
				5621	<p class="magick-description">Specify the color to be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option.</p>
				5622
				5623	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5624
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5625	<p>The default matte color is <code>#BDBDBD</code>, <span
				5626	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5627
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	5628	<p>This is an IMv6 option, use <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha-color">-alpha-color</a> with IMv7.</p>
				5629
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5630	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5631	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h3>
				5632	</div>
				5633
				5634	<p class="magick-description">return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
				5635
				5636	<p>Select the 'maximum' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5637
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5638	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5639	name. </p>
				5640
				5641	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5642	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="median"></a>-median <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5643	</div>
				5644
				5645	<p class="magick-description">apply a median filter to the image.</p>
				5646
				5647	<p>Select the 'middle' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5648
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5649	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5650	name. </p>
				5651
				5652	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5653	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mean-shift"></a>-mean-shift <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+distance</var>{%}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5654	</div>
				5655
				5656	<p class="magick-description">image noise removal and color reduction/segmentation (e.g. -mean-shift 7x7+10%).</p>
				5657
				5658	<p><var>width</var>x<var>height</var> is the window size and <var>distance</var> is the color distance measured in the range 0 to 1 or 0 to 100%</p>
				5659
				5660	<p>The mean shift algorithm is iterative and thus slower the larger the window size. For each pixel, it gets all the pixels in the window centered at the pixel and excludes those that are outside the <var>radius=sqrt((width-1)(height-1)/4)</var> surrounding the pixel. From those pixels, it finds which of them are within the specified squared color distance from the current mean. It then computes a new x,y centroid from those coordinates and a new mean. This new x,y centroid is used as the center for a new window. This process is iterated until it converges and the final mean is then used to replace the original pixel value. It repeats this process for the next pixel, etc, until it processes all pixels in the image. Results are better when using other colorspaces rather than RGB. Recommend YIQ, YUV or YCbCr, which seem to give equivalent results.</p>
				5661
				5662	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5663	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="metric"></a>-metric <var>type</var></h3>
				5664	</div>
				5665
				5666	<p class="magick-description">Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <var>type</var> given metric.</p>
				5667
				5668	<p>Choose from:</p>
				5669
				5670	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5671	<dt>AE</dt><dd> absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)</dd>
				5672	<dt>FUZZ</dt><dd> mean color distance</dd>
				5673	<dt>MAE</dt><dd> mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance</dd>
				5674	<dt>MEPP</dt><dd> mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)</dd>
				5675	<dt>MSE</dt><dd> mean error squared, average of the channel error squared</dd>
				5676	<dt>NCC</dt><dd> normalized cross correlation</dd>
				5677	<dt>PAE</dt><dd> peak absolute (normalized peak absolute)</dd>
				5678	<dt>PHASH</dt><dd> perceptual hash</dd>
				5679	<dt>PSNR</dt><dd> peak signal to noise ratio</dd>
				5680	<dt>RMSE</dt><dd> root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)</dd>
				5681	</dl>
				5682
				5683	<p>Control the '<code>AE</code>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5684	with the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5685	only changed by a small amount). Use '<code>PAE</code>' to find the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5686	size of the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5687	'similar', while '<code>MAE</code>' determines the factor needed
				5688	for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
				5689
				5690	<p>The '<code>MEPP</code>' metric returns three different metrics
				5691	('<code>MAE</code>', '<code>MAE</code>' normalized, and '<code>PAE</code>'
				5692	normalized) from a single comparison run. </p>
				5693
				5694	<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				5695	metric</a> option.</p>
				5696
				5697
				5698	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5699	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h3>
				5700	</div>
				5701
				5702	<p class="magick-description">return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
				5703
				5704	<p>Select the 'minimal' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5705
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5706	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5707	name. </p>
				5708
				5709
				5710
				5711	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5712	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mode"></a>-mode <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5713	</div>
				5714
				5715	<p class="magick-description">make each pixel the \'predominant color\' of the neighborhood.'</p>
				5716
				5717	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5718	<h3 class="magick-header">-mode <var>value</var></h3>
				5719	</div>
				5720
				5721	<p class="magick-description">Mode of operation.</p>
				5722
				5723	<p>Choose the <var>value</var> from these styles: <code>Frame,
				5724	Unframe, or Concatenate</code></p>
				5725
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5726	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list</a> option with a '<code>Mode</code>' argument
				5727	for a list of <a href="command-line-options.html#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5728	ImageMagick installation.</p>
				5729
				5730
				5731	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5732	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <var>brightness</var>[,<var>saturation</var>,<var>hue</var>]</h3>
				5733	</div>
				5734
				5735	<p class="magick-description">Vary the <var>brightness</var>, <var>saturation</var>, and <var>hue</var> of an image.</p>
				5736
				5737	<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means
				5738	no change, and any missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
				5739
				5740	<p>The <var>brightness</var> is a multiplier of the overall
				5741	brightness of the image, so 0 means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is
				5742	twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a> the image
				5743	before and after. </p>
				5744
				5745	<p>The <var>saturation</var> controls the amount of color in an
				5746	image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as
				5747	200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
				5748
				5749	<p>The <var>hue</var> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors
				5750	within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in
				5751	a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
				5752	A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete 180 degree rotation of the
				5753	image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree rotation resulting in no change to
				5754	the original image. </p>
				5755
				5756	<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5757	saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
				5758	href="command-line-options.html#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5759
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5760	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> attribute of '<code
				5761	>option:modulate:colorspace</code>' to specify which colorspace to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5762	modulate. Choose from <code>HCL</code>, <code>HCLp</code>, <code>HSB</code>, <code>HSI</code>, <code>HSL</code> (the default), <code>HSV</code>, <code>HWB</code>, or <code>LCH</code> (LCHuv). For example,</p>
				5763
				5764	<pre>
				5765	convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png
				5766	</pre>
				5767
				5768	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5769	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="moments"></a>-moments</h3>
				5770	</div>
				5771
				5772	<p class="magick-description">report image moments and perceptual hash.</p>
				5773
				5774
				5775	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5776	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h3>
				5777	</div>
				5778
				5779	<p class="magick-description">monitor progress.</p>
				5780
				5781
				5782	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5783	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h3>
				5784	</div>
				5785
				5786	<p class="magick-description">transform the image to black and white.</p>
				5787
				5788	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5789	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="morph"></a>-morph <var>frames</var></h3>
				5790	</div>
				5791
				5792	<p class="magick-description">morphs an image sequence.</p>
				5793
				5794	<p>Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the
				5795	appearance of a metamorphosis from one image to the next, over all the images
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5796	in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a
				5797	href="command-line-options.html#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <var>frames</var>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5798	argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
				5799
				5800
				5801	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5802	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h3>
				5803	<h3 class="magick-header">-morphology <var>method</var> <var>kernel</var></h3>
				5804	</div>
				5805
				5806	<p class="magick-description">apply a morphology method to the image.</p>
				5807
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5808	<p>Until I get around to writing an option summary for this, see <a
				5809	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5810	Morphology</a>. </p>
				5811
				5812
				5813	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5814	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h3>
				5815	</div>
				5816
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5817	<p class="magick-description">an simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5818
				5819
				5820	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5821	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <var>radius</var><br />-motion-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5822	</div>
				5823
				5824	<p class="magick-description">simulate motion blur.</p>
				5825
				5826	<p>Blur with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				5827	angle given is the angle toward which the image is blurred. That is the
				5828	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				5829
				5830	<p>Note that the blur is not uniform distribution, giving the motion a
				5831	definite sense of direction of movement. </p>
				5832
				5833	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				5834	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				5835	</p>
				5836
				5837	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5838	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="name"></a>-name</h3>
				5839	</div>
				5840
				5841	<p class="magick-description">name an image.</p>
				5842	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5843	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h3>
				5844	</div>
				5845
				5846	<p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with its complementary color.</p>
				5847
				5848	<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes
				5849	black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">+negate</a> to only
				5850	negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
				5851
				5852	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5853	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="noise"></a>-noise <var>geometry</var><br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5854	+noise <var>type</var></h3>
				5855	</div>
				5856
				5857	<p class="magick-description">Add or reduce noise in an image.</p>
				5858
				5859	<p>The principal function of noise peak elimination filter is to smooth the
				5860	objects within an image without losing edge information and without creating
				5861	undesired structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to replace a pixel
				5862	with its next neighbor in value within a pixel window, if this pixel has been
				5863	found to be noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if this pixel is
				5864	a maximum or minimum within the pixel window.</p>
				5865
				5866	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#noise">-noise</a> <var>radius</var></code> to
				5867	specify the width of the neighborhood when reducing noise. This is equivalent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5868	to using a <code><a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >-statistic</a> NonPeak</code> operation,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5869	which should be used in preference.</p>
				5870
				5871	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <var>type</var> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise
				5872	types:</p>
				5873
				5874	<pre>
				5875	Gaussian
				5876	Impulse
				5877	Laplacian
				5878	Multiplicative
				5879	Poisson
				5880	Random
				5881	Uniform
				5882	</pre>
				5883
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5884	<p>The amount of noise added can be controlled by the <code><a
				5885	href="command-line-options.html#attenuate" >-attenuate</a></code> setting. If unset the value is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5886	equivalent to 1.0, or a maximum noise addition.</p>
				5887
				5888	<p>Note that Random will replace the image with noise rather than add noise to the image. Use Uniform, if you wish to add random noise to the image.</p>
				5889
				5890	<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
				5891
				5892	<p>Also see the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> noise functions that allows
				5893	the use of a controlling value to specify the amount of noise that should be
				5894	added to an image. </p>
				5895
				5896
				5897	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5898	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h3>
				5899	</div>
				5900
				5901	<p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range of intensity values.</p>
				5902
				5903	<p>The intensity values are stretched to cover the entire range of possible
				5904	values. While doing so, black-out at most <var>2%</var> of the pixels and
				5905	white-out at most <var>1%</var> of the pixels.</p>
				5906
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5907	<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize" >-normalize</a>
				5908	is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
				5909	(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
				5910	>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5911
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5912	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the same amount so as to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5913	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
				5914	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5915	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				5916
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5917	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
				5918	Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5919	that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
				5920
				5921	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				5922
				5923
				5924	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5925	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <var>color</var></h3>
				5926	</div>
				5927
				5928	<p class="magick-description">change this color to the fill color within the image.</p>
				5929
				5930	<p>The <var>color</var> argument is defined using the format
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5931	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz"
				5932	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5933	given.</p>
				5934
				5935	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
				5936	the target color. </p>
				5937
				5938	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5939	as <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5940	transparency rather than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
				5941	To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5942	channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</code>", for
				5943	the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
				5944	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5945
				5946
				5947	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5948	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <var>threshold_map</var>{,<var>level</var>...}</h3>
				5949	</div>
				5950
				5951	<p class="magick-description">dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <var>threshold map</var> specified, and a uniform color map with the
				5952	given number of <var>levels</var> per color channel.</p>
				5953
				5954	<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
				5955
				5956	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				5957	threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
				5958	checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
				5959	o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
				5960	o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
				5961	o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
				5962	o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
				5963	h3x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
				5964	h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
				5965	h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
				5966	h3x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
				5967	h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
				5968	h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
				5969	h36x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
				5970	c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
				5971	c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
				5972	c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
				5973	c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
				5974	c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
				5975	c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
				5976	</pre>
				5977
				5978	<p> The <code>threshold</code> generated a simple 50% threshold of the image.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5979	This could be used with <var >level</var> to do the equivalent of <a
				5980	href="command-line-options.html#posterize" >-posterize</a> to reduce an image to basic primary colors.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5981	</p>
				5982
				5983	<p>The <code>checks</code> pattern produces a 3 level checkerboard dither
				5984	pattern. That is a grayscale will become a pattern of solid black, solid
				5985	white, and mid-tone colors into a checkerboard pattern of black and white.
				5986	</p>
				5987
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5988	<p>You can define your own <var >threshold map</var> for ordered
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5989	dithering and halftoning your images, in either personal or system
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5990	<code>thresholds.xml</code> XML file. See <a href="resources.html" >Resources</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5991	for more details of configuration files. </p>
				5992
				5993	<p>To print a complete list of the thresholds that have been defined, use the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5994	<a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list threshold</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5995
				5996	<p>Note that at this time the same threshold dithering map is used for all
				5997	color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for different
				5998	channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. Also as the maps are
				5999	simple threshold levels, the halftone and circle maps will create incomplete
				6000	circles along the edges of a colored area. Also all the effects are purely
				6001	on/off boolean effects, without anti-aliasing to make the circles smooth
				6002	looking. Large dots can be made to look better with a small amount of blurring
				6003	after being created. </p>
				6004
				6005
				6006	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6007	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="orient"></a>-orient <var>image orientation</var></h3>
				6008	</div>
				6009
				6010	<p class="magick-description">specify orientation of a digital camera image.</p>
				6011
				6012	<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
				6013
				6014	<pre>
				6015	bottom-left right-top
				6016	bottom-right top-left
				6017	left-bottom top-right
				6018	left-top undefined
				6019	right-bottom
				6020	</pre>
				6021
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6022	<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6023	orientation</a> option.</p>
				6024
				6025
				6026	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6027	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="page"></a>-page <var>geometry</var><br/>
				6028	-page <var>media</var>[<var>offset</var>][{<var>^!<></var>}]<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6029	+page
				6030	</h3>
				6031	</div>
				6032
				6033	<p class="magick-description">Set the size and location of an image on the larger virtual canvas.</p>
				6034
				6035	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6036
				6037	<p>For convenience you can specify the page size using <var>media</var> (see below). Offsets can then be added as with other
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6038	<var>geometry</var> arguments (e.g. <a
				6039	href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> <code>Letter+43+43</code>).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6040
				6041	<p>Use <var>media</var> as shorthand to specify the dimensions (<var>width</var>x<var>height</var>) of the <var>PostScript</var> page in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels.
				6042	The choices for a PostScript page are:</p>
				6043
				6044	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				6045	<dt> 11x17 </dt> <dd> 792 x 1224</dd>
				6046	<dt> Ledger </dt> <dd> 1224 x 792</dd>
				6047	<dt> Legal </dt> <dd> 612 x 1008</dd>
				6048	<dt> Letter </dt> <dd> 612 x 792</dd>
				6049	<dt> LetterSmall</dt> <dd> 612 x 792</dd>
				6050	<dt> ArchE </dt> <dd> 2592 x 3456</dd>
				6051	<dt> ArchD </dt> <dd> 1728 x 2592</dd>
				6052	<dt> ArchC </dt> <dd> 1296 x 1728</dd>
				6053	<dt> ArchB </dt> <dd> 864 x 1296</dd>
				6054	<dt> ArchA </dt> <dd> 648 x 864</dd>
				6055	<dt> A0 </dt> <dd> 2380 x 3368</dd>
				6056	<dt> A1 </dt> <dd> 1684 x 2380</dd>
				6057	<dt> A2 </dt> <dd> 1190 x 1684</dd>
				6058	<dt> A3 </dt> <dd> 842 x 1190</dd>
				6059	<dt> A4 </dt> <dd> 595 x 842</dd>
				6060	<dt> A4Small </dt> <dd> 595 x 842</dd>
				6061	<dt> A5 </dt> <dd> 421 x 595</dd>
				6062	<dt> A6 </dt> <dd> 297 x 421</dd>
				6063	<dt> A7 </dt> <dd> 210 x 297</dd>
				6064	<dt> A8 </dt> <dd> 148 x 210</dd>
				6065	<dt> A9 </dt> <dd> 105 x 148</dd>
				6066	<dt> A10 </dt> <dd> 74 x 105</dd>
				6067	<dt> B0 </dt> <dd> 2836 x 4008</dd>
				6068	<dt> B1 </dt> <dd> 2004 x 2836</dd>
				6069	<dt> B2 </dt> <dd> 1418 x 2004</dd>
				6070	<dt> B3 </dt> <dd> 1002 x 1418</dd>
				6071	<dt> B4 </dt> <dd> 709 x 1002</dd>
				6072	<dt> B5 </dt> <dd> 501 x 709</dd>
				6073	<dt> C0 </dt> <dd> 2600 x 3677</dd>
				6074	<dt> C1 </dt> <dd> 1837 x 2600</dd>
				6075	<dt> C2 </dt> <dd> 1298 x 1837</dd>
				6076	<dt> C3 </dt> <dd> 918 x 1298</dd>
				6077	<dt> C4 </dt> <dd> 649 x 918</dd>
				6078	<dt> C5 </dt> <dd> 459 x 649</dd>
				6079	<dt> C6 </dt> <dd> 323 x 459</dd>
				6080	<dt> Flsa </dt> <dd> 612 x 936</dd>
				6081	<dt> Flse </dt> <dd> 612 x 936</dd>
				6082	<dt> HalfLetter </dt> <dd> 396 x 612</dd>
				6083	</dl>
				6084
				6085	<p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image
				6086	format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this
				6087	purpose the offsets are always measured from the top left corner of the canvas
				6088	and are not affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option. To
				6089	position a GIF or MNG image, use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a><var>{+-}x{+-}y</var> (e.g. -page +100+200). When writing to a MNG
				6090	file, a <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option appearing ahead of the first image in
				6091	the sequence with nonzero width and height defines the width and height values
				6092	that are written in the <code>MHDR</code> chunk. Otherwise, the MNG width and
				6093	height are computed from the bounding box that contains all images in the
				6094	sequence. When writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to
				6095	determine its dimensions.</p>
				6096
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6097	<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a
				6098	href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <var>lower
				6099	left-hand corner</var> of the page by {+-}<code>x</code><var>offset</var>{+-}<code>y</code> <var>offset</var>. Use <a
				6100	href="command-line-options.html#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6101	page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it is reduced to fit the
				6102	page. The default gravity for the <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option is <var>NorthWest</var>, i.e., positive <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> <var>offset</var> are measured rightward and downward from the top left
				6103	corner of the page, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
				6104	present with a value other than <var>NorthWest</var>.</p>
				6105
				6106	<p>The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.</p>
				6107
				6108	<p>This option is used in concert with <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a>.</p>
				6109
				6110	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
				6111
				6112	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6113	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="paint"></a>-paint <var>radius</var></h3>
				6114	</div>
				6115
				6116	<p class="magick-description">simulate an oil painting.</p>
				6117
				6118	<p>Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular
				6119	neighborhood whose width is specified with <var>radius</var>.</p>
				6120
				6121	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6122	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="path"></a>-path <var>path</var></h3></div>
				6123
				6124	<p class="magick-description">write images to this path on disk.</p>
				6125
				6126	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6127	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
				6128	</div>
				6129
				6130	<p class="magick-description">Pause between animation loops</p>
				6131
				6132	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
				6133
				6134	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6135	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
				6136	</div>
				6137
				6138	<p class="magick-description">Pause between snapshots.</p>
				6139
				6140	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
				6141
				6142	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6143	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="perceptible"></a>-perceptible <var>epsilon</var></h3>
				6144	</div>
				6145
				6146	<p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is less than \|<var>epsilon</var>\| to <var>-epsilon</var> or <var>epsilon</var> (whichever is closer) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</p>
				6147
				6148	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6149	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h3>
				6150	</div>
				6151
				6152	<p class="magick-description">efficiently determine image characteristics.</p>
				6153
				6154	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6155	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <var>value</var></h3>
				6156	</div>
				6157
				6158	<p class="magick-description">pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</p>
				6159
				6160	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6161	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <var>angle</var></h3>
				6162	</div>
				6163
				6164	<p class="magick-description">simulate a Polaroid picture.</p>
				6165
				6166	<p>Use <code>+polaroid</code> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
				6167
				6168	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6169	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="poly"></a>-poly <var>"wt,exp ..."</var></h3>
				6170	</div>
				6171
				6172	<p class="magick-description">combines multiple images according to a weighted sum of polynomials; one floating point weight (coefficient) and one floating point polynomial exponent (power) for each image expressed as comma separated pairs.</p>
				6173
				6174	<p> The weights should typically be fractions between -1 and 1. But the sum of weights should be 1 or at least between 0 and 1 to avoid clamping in non-hdri mode at black and white.</p>
				6175
				6176	<p>The exponents may be positive, negative or zero. A negative exponent is equivalent to 1 divided by the image raised to the corresponding positive exponent. A zero exponent always produces 1 scaled by quantumrange to white, i.e. wt*white, no matter what the image.</p>
				6177
				6178	<p>The format is: <var>output = wt1image1^exp1 + wt2image2^exp2 </var>...</p>
				6179
				6180	<p>Some simple uses are:</p>
				6181	<ul>
				6182	<li>A weighted sum of each image provided all weights add to unity and all exponents=1. If the the weights are all equal to 1/(number of images), then this is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-evaluate-sequence</a> <var>mean</var>.</li>
				6183	<li>The sum of squares of two or more images, provided the weights are equal (and sum to 1 to avoid clamping) and the exponents equal 2.</li>
				6184	</ul>
				6185
				6186	<p>Note that one may add a constant color to the expression simply by using xc:somecolor for one of the images and specifying the desired weight and exponent equal to 0.</p>
				6187
				6188	<p>Similarly one may add white to the expression by simply using null: (or xc:white) for one of the images with the appropriate weight and exponent equal to 0.</p>
				6189
				6190
				6191	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6192	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <var>levels</var></h3>
				6193	</div>
				6194
				6195	<p class="magick-description">reduce the image to a limited number of color levels per channel.</p>
				6196
				6197	<p>Very low values of <var>levels</var>, e.g., 2, 3, 4, have the most
				6198	visible effect.</p>
				6199
				6200	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6201	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="precision"></a>-precision <var>value</var></h3>
				6202	</div>
				6203
				6204	<p class="magick-description">set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</p>
				6205
				6206	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6207	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="preview"></a>-preview <var>type</var></h3>
				6208	</div>
				6209
				6210	<p class="magick-description">image preview type.</p>
				6211
				6212	<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g.
				6213	<code>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</code>). Choose from
				6214	these previews:</p>
				6215
				6216	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				6217	AddNoise
				6218	Blur
				6219	Brightness
				6220	Charcoal
				6221	Despeckle
				6222	Dull
				6223	EdgeDetect
				6224	Gamma
				6225	Grayscale
				6226	Hue
				6227	Implode
				6228	JPEG
				6229	OilPaint
				6230	Quantize
				6231	Raise
				6232	ReduceNoise
				6233	Roll
				6234	Rotate
				6235	Saturation
				6236	Segment
				6237	Shade
				6238	Sharpen
				6239	Shear
				6240	Solarize
				6241	Spiff
				6242	Spread
				6243	Swirl
				6244	Threshold
				6245	Wave
				6246	</pre>
				6247
				6248	<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
				6249
				6250	<p>The default preview is <code>JPEG</code>.</p>
				6251
				6252	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6253	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="print"></a>-print <var>string</var></h3>
				6254	</div>
				6255
				6256	<p class="magick-description">interpret string and print to console.</p>
				6257
				6258	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6259	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="process"></a>-process <var>command</var></h3>
				6260	</div>
				6261
				6262	<p class="magick-description">process the image with a custom image filter.</p>
				6263
				6264	<p>The command arguments has the form <code>"module arg1 arg2 arg3 ...
				6265	argN"</code> where <code>module</code> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g.
				6266	"Analyze") and arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to
				6267	pass to the process module.</p>
				6268
				6269	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6270	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="profile"></a>-profile <var>filename</var><br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6271	+profile <var>profile_name</var></h3>
				6272	</div>
				6273
				6274	<p class="magick-description">Manage ICM, IPTC, or generic profiles in an image.</p>
				6275
				6276	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> <var>filename</var> adds an
				6277	ICM (ICC color management), IPTC (newswire information), or a generic profile
				6278	to the image.</p>
				6279
				6280	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">+profile <var>profile_name</var></a> to
				6281	remove the indicated profile. ImageMagick uses standard filename globbing, so
				6282	wildcard expressions may be used to remove more than one profile. Here we
				6283	remove all profiles from the image except for the XMP profile: <code>+profile
				6284	"!xmp,*"</code>. </p>
				6285
				6286	<p>Use <code>identify -verbose</code> to find out which profiles are in the
				6287	image file. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> to remove all profiles (and
				6288	comments).</p>
				6289
				6290	<p>To extract a profile, the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> option is not
				6291	used. Instead, simply write the file to an image format such as <var>APP1, 8BIM, ICM,</var> or <var>IPTC</var>.</p>
				6292
				6293	<p>For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files in the
				6294	<var>APP1</var> profile), use.</p>
				6295
				6296	<pre>
				6297	convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif
				6298	</pre>
				6299
				6300	<p>It is important to note that results may depend on whether or not the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6301	original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a
				6302	href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6303	therefore a conversion is made each time it is encountered, in order, in the
				6304	command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is
				6305	CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
				6306
				6307	<pre>
				6308	convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff
				6309	</pre>
				6310
				6311	<p>Furthermore, since ICC profiles are not necessarily symmetric, extra
				6312	conversion steps can yield unwanted results. CMYK profiles are often very
				6313	asymmetric since they involve 3−>4 and 4−>3 channel mapping.
				6314	</p>
				6315
				6316	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6317	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quality"></a>-quality <var>value</var></h3>
				6318	</div>
				6319
				6320	<p class="magick-description">JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</p>
				6321
				6322	<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and
				6323	highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression).
				6324	The default is to use the estimated quality of your input image if it can
				6325	be determined, otherwise 92. When the quality is greater than 90, then the
				6326	chroma channels are not downsampled.
				6327	Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the
				6328	factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
				6329
				6330	<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear
				6331	equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This
				6332	non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by
				6333	the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy
				6334	compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
				6335
				6336	<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib
				6337	compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). The default
				6338	PNG "quality" is 75, which means compression level 7 with adaptive PNG
				6339	filtering, unless the image has a color map, in which case it means
				6340	compression level 7 with no PNG filtering.</p>
				6341
				6342	<p>For compression level 0 (quality value less than 10), the Huffman-only
				6343	strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst
				6344	compression.</p>
				6345
				6346	<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified PNG filter-type is used for
				6347	all scanlines:</p>
				6348
				6349	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				6350	<dt>0</dt><dd>none</dd>
				6351	<dt>1</dt><dd>sub</dd>
				6352	<dt>2</dt><dd>up</dd>
				6353	<dt>3</dt><dd>average</dd>
				6354	<dt>4</dt><dd>Paeth</dd>
				6355	</dl>
				6356
				6357	<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater
				6358	than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is
				6359	used.</p>
				6360
				6361	<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering
				6362	with <var>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</var> is used.</p>
				6363
				6364	<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color
				6365	transformation (intrapixel differencing) and adaptive filtering
				6366	with <var>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</var> are used.</p>
				6367
				6368	<p>If the filter-type is 8 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy (or the
				6369	Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY strategy, when compression level is 0) is used with
				6370	adaptive PNG filtering.</p>
				6371
				6372	<p>If the filter-type is 9 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy (or the
				6373	Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY strategy, when compression level is 0) is used with
				6374	no PNG filtering.</p>
				6375
				6376	<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance or signature of PNG
				6377	and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				6378
				6379	<p>Not all combinations of compression level, strategy, and PNG filter type
				6380	can be obtained using the -quality option. For more precise control,
				6381	you can use the PNG:compression-level=N, PNG:compression-strategy=N, and
				6382	PNG:compression-filter=N defines, respectively, instead.
				6383	See <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a>. Values from the defines take precedence
				6384	over values from the -quality option.</p>
				6385
				6386	<p>For further information, see
				6387	the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
				6388
				6389	<p>For the MIFF and TIFF image formats, quality/10 is the <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">Zip/BZip</a> compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				6390
				6391	<p>For the BPG image format, quality/2 is the actual BPG compression level (range from 0 to 51).</p>
				6392
				6393	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6394	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <var>colorspace</var></h3>
				6395	</div>
				6396
				6397	<p class="magick-description">reduce colors using this colorspace.</p>
				6398
				6399	<p>This setting defines the colorspace used to sort out and reduce the number
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6400	of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a
				6401	href="command-line-options.html#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reduction also happens
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6402	automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
				6403	GIF, and PNG8.</p>
				6404
				6405
				6406	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6407	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h3>
				6408	</div>
				6409
				6410	<p class="magick-description">suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</p>
				6411
				6412	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6413	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <var>angle</var></h3>
				6414	</div>
				6415
				6416	<p class="magick-description">Blur around the center of the image.</p>
				6417
				6418	<p>Note that this is actually a rotational blur rather than a radial and as
				6419	such actually mis-named. </p>
				6420
				6421	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				6422	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				6423	</p>
				6424
				6425
				6426	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6427	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="raise"></a>-raise <var>thickness</var></h3>
				6428	</div>
				6429
				6430	<p class="magick-description">Lighten or darken image edges.</p>
				6431
				6432	<p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> to create
				6433	a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">+raise</a>. </p>
				6434
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6435	<p>Unlike the similar <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, <a
				6436	href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6437
				6438	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6439	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <var>low</var>x<var>high</var></h3>
				6440	</div>
				6441
				6442	<p class="magick-description">Apply a random threshold to the image.</p>
				6443
				6444	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6445	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
				6446	</div>
				6447
				6448	<p class="magick-description">Set the red chromaticity primary point.</p>
				6449
				6450	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6451	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h3>
				6452	</div>
				6453
				6454	<p class="magick-description">Pay attention to warning messages.</p>
				6455
				6456	<p>This option causes some warnings in some image formats to be treated
				6457	as errors. </p>
				6458
				6459	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6460	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="remap"></a>-remap <var>filename</var></h3>
				6461	</div>
				6462
				6463	<p class="magick-description">Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</p>
				6464
				6465	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#dither">-dither</a> setting is enabled (the default) then
				6466	the given colors are dithered over the image as necessary, otherwise the closest
				6467	color (in RGB colorspace) is selected to replace that pixel in the image. </p>
				6468
				6469	<p>As a side effect of applying a <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> of colors across all
				6470	images in the current image sequence, all the images will have the same color
				6471	table. That means that when saved to a file format such as GIF, it will use
				6472	that color table as a single common or global color table, for all the images,
				6473	without requiring extra local color tables. </p>
				6474
				6475	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> to reduce all images in the current image
				6476	sequence to use a common color map over all the images. This equivalent to
				6477	appending all the images together (without extra background colors) and color
				6478	reducing those images using <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> with a 256 color
				6479	limit, then <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original list of
				6480	images. This ensures all the images follow a single color map. </p>
				6481
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6482	<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a
				6483	href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6484	no color changes are needed. In that case, its only effect is to force the use
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6485	of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a
				6486	href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6487	reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
				6488
				6489	<p>Note, the remap image colormap has at most 8-bits of precision. Deeper color maps are automagically coalesced with other colors to meet this requirement.</p>
				6490
				6491	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6492	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="region"></a>-region <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6493	</div>
				6494
				6495	<p class="magick-description">Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</p>
				6496
				6497	<p>The <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are treated
				6498	in the same manner as in <a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a>.</p>
				6499
				6500	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6501
				6502	<p>Use <code>+region</code> to remove any previously set regions.</p>
				6503
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6504	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6505	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h3>
				6506	</div>
				6507
				6508	<p class="magick-description">perform a remote operation.</p>
				6509
				6510	<p>The only command recognized is the name of an image file to load.</p>
				6511
				6512	<p>If you have more than one <a href="display.html">display</a> application
				6513	running simultaneously, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#window"> window</a> option to
				6514	specify which application to control.</p>
				6515
				6516	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6517	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="render"></a>-render</h3>
				6518	</div>
				6519
				6520	<p class="magick-description">render vector operations.</p>
				6521
				6522	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operations.
				6523	This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
				6524
				6525	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6526	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="repage"></a>-repage <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6527	</div>
				6528
				6529	<p class="magick-description">Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</p>
				6530
				6531	<p>This option is like <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> but acts as an image operator
				6532	rather than a setting. You can separately set the canvas size or the offset
				6533	of the image on that canvas by only providing those components. </p>
				6534
				6535	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6536
				6537	<p>If a <code>!</code> flag is given the offset given is added to the existing
				6538	offset to move the image relative to its previous position. This useful for
				6539	animation sequences. </p>
				6540
				6541	<p>A given a canvas size of zero such as '<code>0x0</code>' forces it to
				6542	recalculate the canvas size so the image (at its current offset) will appear
				6543	completely on that canvas (unless it has a negative offset).</p>
				6544
				6545	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> to completely remove/reset the virtual
				6546	canvas meta-data from the images. </p>
				6547
				6548	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>page</code>' option can be used to
				6549	directly assign virtual canvas meta-data. </p>
				6550
				6551
				6552	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6553	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="resample"></a>-resample <var>horizontal</var>x<var>vertical</var></h3>
				6554	</div>
				6555
				6556	<p class="magick-description">Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</p>
				6557
				6558	<p>Resize the image so that its rendered size remains the same as the original
				6559	at the specified target resolution. For example, if a 300 DPI image renders at
				6560	3 inches by 2 inches on a 300 DPI device, when the image has been resampled to
				6561	72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72 DPI device. Note that
				6562	only a small number of image formats (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of
				6563	storing the image resolution. For formats which do not support an image
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6564	resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a
				6565	href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6566	resample resolution.</p>
				6567
				6568	<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary
				6569	embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image, then Photoshop will
				6570	continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image
				6571	resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				6572
				6573	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6574	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="resize"></a>-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6575	</div>
				6576
				6577	<p class="magick-description">Resize an image.</p>
				6578
				6579	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				6580	ignored, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				6581
				6582	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> option
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6583	or <code>-define filter:option=value</code> precedes the <a
				6584	href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6585	filter.</p>
				6586
				6587	<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light
				6588	coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma
				6589	correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
				6590
				6591	<pre>
				6592	convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \
				6593	-quality 92 passport.jpg
				6594	</pre>
				6595
				6596	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6597	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h3>
				6598	</div>
				6599
				6600	<p class="magick-description">settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</p>
				6601
				6602	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6603	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h3>
				6604	</div>
				6605
				6606	<p class="magick-description">Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</p>
				6607
				6608
				6609	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6610	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
				6611	</div>
				6612
				6613	<p class="magick-description">roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</p>
				6614
				6615	<p>A negative <var>x</var> offset rolls the image right-to-left.
				6616	A negative <var>y</var> offset rolls the image bottom-to-top.</p>
				6617
				6618
				6619	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6620	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <var>degrees</var>{<var><</var>}{<var>></var>}</h3>
				6621	</div>
				6622
				6623	<p class="magick-description">Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</p>
				6624
				6625	<p>Use <code>></code> to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the
				6626	height. <code><</code> rotates the image <var>only</var> if its width is less
				6627	than the height. For example, if you specify <code>-rotate "-90>"</code> and
				6628	the image size is 480x640, the image is not rotated. However, if the image is
				6629	640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use <code>></code> or
				6630	<code><</code>, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent it from being
				6631	misinterpreted as a file redirection.</p>
				6632
				6633	<p>Empty triangles in the corners, left over from rotating the image, are
				6634	filled with the <code>background</code> color. </p>
				6635
				6636	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> operator and specifically the
				6637	'<code>ScaleRotateTranslate</code>' distort method. </p>
				6638
				6639
				6640	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6641	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sample"></a>-sample <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6642	</div>
				6643
				6644	<p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</p>
				6645
				6646	<p>Change the image size simply by directly sampling the pixels original
				6647	from the image. When magnifying, pixels are replicated in blocks. When
				6648	minifying, pixels are sub-sampled (i.e., some rows and columns are skipped
				6649	over). </p>
				6650
				6651	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> with
				6652	a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>point</code> (nearest
				6653	neighbor), though <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
				6654	avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it completely ignores
				6655	the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				6656
				6657	<p>The key feature of the <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is that no new colors
				6658	will be added to the resulting image, though some colors may disappear. </p>
				6659
				6660	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				6661	ignored, unlike <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>. </p>
				6662
				6663
				6664	<p>The actual sampling point is the middle of the sub-region being sampled.
				6665	As such a single pixel sampling of an image will take the middle pixel, (or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6666	top-left-middle if image has even dimensions). However the <a
				6667	href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> '<code>sample:offset</code>' can be set to modify
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6668	this position some other location within each sub-region being sampled, as
				6669	a percentage offset.</p>
				6670
				6671	<p>By default this value is '<code>50</code>' for the midpoint, but could be set
				6672	to '<code>0</code>' for top-left, '<code>100</code>' for bottom-right, or with
				6673	separate X and Y offsets such as '<code>0x50</code>' for left-middle edge of
				6674	sampling sub-region.</p>
				6675
				6676
				6677	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6678	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <var>horizontal-factor</var>x<var>vertical-factor</var></h3>
				6679	</div>
				6680
				6681	<p class="magick-description">sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</p>
				6682
				6683	<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder
				6684	for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use
				6685	its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6686	writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a
				6687	href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a
				6688	href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6689	downsampling method.</p>
				6690
				6691	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6692	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="scale"></a>-scale <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6693	</div>
				6694
				6695	<p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</p>
				6696
				6697	<p>Change the image size simply by replacing pixels by averaging pixels
				6698	together when minifying, or replacing pixels when magnifying. </p>
				6699
				6700	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> with
				6701	a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>box</code>. Though it is a lot
				6702	faster, as it avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it
				6703	completely ignores the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				6704
				6705	<p>If when shrinking (minifying) images the original image is some integer
				6706	multiple of the new image size, the number of pixels averaged together to
				6707	produce the new pixel color is the same across the whole image. This is
				6708	a special case known as 'binning' and is often used as a method of reducing
				6709	noise in image such as those generated by digital cameras, especially in low
				6710	light conditions. </p>
				6711
				6712
				6713	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6714	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="scene"></a>-scene <var>value</var></h3>
				6715	</div>
				6716
				6717	<p class="magick-description">set scene number.</p>
				6718
				6719	<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
				6720
				6721	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6722	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h3>
				6723	</div>
				6724
				6725	<p class="magick-description">specify the screen to capture.</p>
				6726
				6727	<p>This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image
				6728	should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified
				6729	window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap the
				6730	specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other popups
				6731	that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
				6732
				6733	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6734	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h3>
				6735	</div>
				6736
				6737	<p class="magick-description">seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</p>
				6738
				6739	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6740	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="segment"></a>-segment <var>cluster-threshold</var>x<var>smoothing-threshold</var></h3>
				6741	</div>
				6742
				6743	<p class="magick-description">segment the colors of an image.</p>
				6744
				6745	<p>Segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and
				6746	identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. This
				6747	is part of the ImageMagick color quantization routines. </p>
				6748
				6749	<p>Specify <var>cluster threshold</var> as the number of pixels in
				6750	each cluster that must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid.
				6751	<var>Smoothing threshold</var> eliminates noise in the second
				6752	derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect
				6753	a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.</p>
				6754
				6755	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> setting is defined, a detailed report
				6756	of the color clusters is returned.</p>
				6757
				6758
				6759	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6760	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <var>radius</var><br />-selective-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6761	</div>
				6762
				6763	<p class="magick-description">Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</p>
				6764
				6765	<p>Blurs those pixels that are less than or equal to the threshold in
				6766	contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var> or as a percentage.</p>
				6767
				6768	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6769	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h3>
				6770	</div>
				6771
				6772	<p class="magick-description">separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>.</p>
				6773
				6774	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6775	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <var>percent-threshold</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6776	</div>
				6777
				6778	<p class="magick-description">simulate a sepia-toned photo.</p>
				6779
				6780	<p>Specify <var>threshold</var> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				6781
				6782	<p>This option applies a special effect to the image, similar to the effect
				6783	achieved in a photo darkroom by sepia toning. Threshold ranges from 0 to <var>QuantumRange</var> and is a measure of the extent of the sepia
				6784	toning. A threshold of 80% is a good starting point for a reasonable
				6785	tone.</p>
				6786
				6787
				6788
				6789	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6790	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="set"></a>-set <var>key value</var></h3>
				6791	<h3 class="magick-header">+set <var>key</var></h3>
				6792	</div>
				6793
				6794	<p class="magick-description">sets image attributes and properties for images in the current image sequence.</p>
				6795
				6796	<p>This will assign (or modify) specific settings attached to all the images
				6797	in the current image sequence. Using the <a href="command-line-options.html#set">+set</a> form of the
				6798	option will either remove, or reset that setting to a default state, as
				6799	appropriate. </p>
				6800
				6801	<p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6802	'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a
				6803	href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a>, and <a
				6804	href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace</a>; generally
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6805	assigned before the image is read in, by using a <var>key</var> of
				6806	the same name. </p>
				6807
				6808	<p>If the given <var>key</var> does not match a specific known
				6809	'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6810	'property' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose"
				6811	>-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format) as "Properties".
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6812	</p>
				6813
				6814	<p>This includes string 'properties' that are set by and assigned to images
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6815	using the options <a href="command-line-options.html#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#label"
				6816	>-label</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
				6817	a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="escape.html" >Format Percent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6818	Escapes</a> expanded) to images as they are read in. For example:</p>
				6819
				6820	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6821	-> convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6822	identify -format %c rose.png
				6823	Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose
				6824	</pre>
				6825
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6826	<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6827	Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
				6828
				6829	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6830	-> convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6831	-format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:
				6832	Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23
				6833	</pre>
				6834
				6835	<p>Other well known 'properties' that are available include:
				6836	'<code>date:create</code>' and '<code>date:modify</code>' and
				6837	'<code>signature</code>'. </p>
				6838
				6839	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-repage</a> operator will also allow you to modify
				6840	the '<code>page</code>' attribute of an image for images already in memory (also
				6841	see <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-page</a>). However it is designed to provide a finer
				6842	control of the sub-parts of this 'attribute'. The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set page</a>
				6843	option will only provide a direct, unmodified assignment of '<code>page</code>'
				6844	attribute. </p>
				6845
				6846	<p>This option can also associate a colorspace or profile with your image.
				6847	For example,</p>
				6848
				6849	<pre>
				6850	convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd
				6851	</pre>
				6852
				6853	<p>Some 'properties' must be defined in a specific way to be used. For
				6854	example only 'properties' prefixed with "<code>filename:</code>" can be used to
				6855	modify the output filename of an image. For example</p>
				6856
				6857	<pre>
				6858	convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'
				6859	</pre>
				6860
				6861	<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<code>option:</code>" the setting will
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6862	be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
				6863	href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are global in scope, they
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6864	can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properties' of one specific image,
				6865	in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
				6866	the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
				6867
				6868	<pre>
				6869	convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \
				6870	label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif"
				6871	</pre>
				6872
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6873	<p>Note that <a href="escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6874	a 'artifact' if the given <var>key</var> does not match an existing
				6875	'attribute' or 'property'. </p>
				6876
				6877	<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
				6878	with <code>registry:</code>.</p>
				6879
				6880	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set profile</a> option can also be used to inject
				6881	previously-formatted ancillary chunks into the output PNG file, using
				6882	the commandline option as shown below or by setting the profile via a
				6883	programming interface:</p>
				6884
				6885	<pre>
				6886	convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename> out.png
				6887	</pre>
				6888
				6889	<p>where <var>x</var> is a location flag and
				6890	<var>filename</var> is a file containing the chunk
				6891	name in the first 4 bytes, then a colon (":"), followed by the chunk data.
				6892	This encoder will compute the chunk length and CRC, so those must not
				6893	be included in the file.</p>
				6894
				6895	<p>"x" can be "b" (before PLTE), "m" (middle, i.e., between PLTE and IDAT),
				6896	or "e" (end, i.e., after IDAT). If you want to write multiple chunks
				6897	of the same type, then add a short unique string after the "x" to prevent
				6898	subsequent profiles from overwriting the preceding ones, e.g.,</p>
				6899
				6900
				6901	<pre>
				6902	convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 \
				6903	-profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02 out.png
				6904	</pre>
				6905
				6906	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6907	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shade"></a>-shade <var>azimuth</var>x<var>elevation</var></h3>
				6908	</div>
				6909
				6910	<p class="magick-description">shade the image using a distant light source.</p>
				6911
				6912	<p>Specify <var>azimuth</var> and <var>elevation</var> as
				6913	the position of the light source. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#shade">+shade</a> to return
				6914	the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
				6915
				6916	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6917	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <var>percent-opacity</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				6918	</div>
				6919
				6920	<p class="magick-description">simulate an image shadow.</p>
				6921
				6922	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6923	<h3 class="magick-header"><a
				6924	id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6925	</div>
				6926
				6927	<p class="magick-description">use shared memory.</p>
				6928
				6929	<p>This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared
				6930	memory for pixmaps. ImageMagick must be compiled with shared memory support,
				6931	and the display must support the <var>MIT-SHM</var> extension.
				6932	Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <code>True</code>.</p>
				6933
				6934	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6935	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <var>radius</var><br />-sharpen <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6936	</div>
				6937
				6938	<p class="magick-description">sharpen the image.</p>
				6939
				6940	<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
				6941
				6942	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6943	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shave"></a>-shave <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6944	</div>
				6945
				6946	<p class="magick-description">Shave pixels from the image edges.</p>
				6947
				6948	<p>The <var>size</var> portion of the <var>geometry</var>
				6949	argument specifies the width of the region to be removed from both sides of
				6950	the image and the height of the regions to be removed from top and bottom.
				6951	Offsets are ignored.</p>
				6952
				6953	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6954
				6955	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6956	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shear"></a>-shear <var>Xdegrees</var>[x<var>Ydegrees</var>]</h3>
				6957	</div>
				6958
				6959	<p class="magick-description">Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</p>
				6960
				6961	<p>The shear angles may be positive, negative, or zero. When <var>Ydegrees</var> is omitted it defaults to 0. When both angles are
				6962	given, the horizontal component of the shear is performed before the vertical
				6963	component.</p>
				6964
				6965	<p>Shearing slides one edge of an image along the x-axis or y-axis (i.e.,
				6966	horizontally or vertically, respectively),creating a parallelogram. The amount
				6967	of each is controlled by the respective shear angle. For horizontal shears,
				6968	<var>Xdegrees</var> is measured clockwise relative to "up" (the
				6969	negative y-axis), sliding the top edge to the right when 0°<<var>Xdegrees</var><90° and to the left when 90°<<var>Xdegrees</var><180°. For vertical shears <var>Ydegrees</var> is measured clockwise relative to "right" (the
				6970	positive x-axis), sliding the right edge down when 0°<<var>Ydegrees</var><90° and up when 90°<<var>Ydegrees</var><180°.</p>
				6971
				6972	<p>Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color
				6973	defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-background</a> option. The color is specified
				6974	using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				6975
				6976	<p>The horizontal shear is performed before the vertical part. This is
				6977	important to note, since horizontal and vertical shears do not
				6978	<var>commute</var>, i.e., the order matters in a sequence of shears. For
				6979	example, the following two commands are not equivalent.</p>
				6980
				6981	<pre>
				6982	convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png
				6983	convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png
				6984	</pre>
				6985
				6986	<p>The first of the two commands above is equivalent to the following, except
				6987	for the amount of empty space created; the command that follows generates
				6988	a smaller image, and so is a better choice in terms of time and space.</p>
				6989
				6990	<pre>
				6991	convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png
				6992	</pre>
				6993
				6994	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6995	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <var>contrast</var>x<var>mid-point</var></h3>
				6996	</div>
				6997
				6998	<p class="magick-description">increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</p>
				6999
				7000	<p>Increase the contrast of the image using a sigmoidal transfer function
				7001	without saturating highlights or shadows. <var>Contrast</var>
				7002	indicates how much to increase the contrast. For example, 0 is none, 3 is
				7003	typical and 20 is a lot.
				7004	</p>
				7005
				7006	<p>The <var>mid-point</var> indicates where the maximum change
				7007	'slope' in contrast should fall in the resultant image (0 is white; 50% is
				7008	middle-gray; 100% is black). </p>
				7009
				7010	<p>By default the image contrast is increased, use <var>+sigmoidal-contrast</var> to decrease the contrast.</p>
				7011
				7012	<p>To achieve the equivalent of a sigmoidal brightness change (similar to
				7013	a gamma adjustment), you would use <var>-sigmoidal-contrast
				7014	{brightness}x0%</var> to increase brightness and <var>+sigmoidal-contrast {brightness}x0%</var> to decrease brightness.
				7015	Note the use of '0' fo rthe mid-point of the sigmoidal curve. </p>
				7016
				7017	<p>Using a very high <var>contrast</var> will produce a sort of
				7018	'smoothed thresholding' of the image. Not as sharp (with high aliasing
				7019	effects) of a true threshold, but with tapered gray-levels around the threshold
				7020	<var>mid-point</var>. </p>
				7021
				7022	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7023	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h3>
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	7024
				7025
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7026	</div>
				7027
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	7028	<p class="magick-description">operate silently. This option is only used
				7029	by the <a href="import.html">import</a> tool.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7030
				7031	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7032	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="similarity-threshold"></a>-similarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
				7033	</div>
				7034
				7035	<p class="magick-description">minimum RMSE for subimage match.</p>
				7036
				7037	<p>If this setting is used, then the search will stop as soon as it finds a match whose metric is less than or equal to the value. A partially filled second output image will result. Using a value of zero, will cause the search to stop at the first perfect match it finds. If this setting is left off, then the search will proceed to completion or as limited by <var>-dissimilarity-threshold</var>.</p>
				7038
				7039	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7040	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="size"></a>-size <var>width</var>[x<var>height</var>][<var>+offset</var>]</h3>
				7041	</div>
				7042
				7043	<p class="magick-description">set the width and height of the image.</p>
				7044
				7045	<p>Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose
				7046	dimensions are unknown such as <code>GRAY</code>, <code>RGB</code>, or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7047	<code>CMYK</code>. In addition to width and height, use <a
				7048	href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7049	image or tell the number of colors in a <code>MAP</code> image file, (e.g. -size
				7050	640x512+256).</p>
				7051
				7052	<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
				7053
				7054	<pre>
				7055	192x128
				7056	384x256
				7057	768x512
				7058	1536x1024
				7059	3072x2048
				7060	</pre>
				7061
				7062	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7063	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <var>radius</var><br />-sketch <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7064	</div>
				7065
				7066	<p class="magick-description">simulate a pencil sketch.</p>
				7067
				7068	<p>Sketch with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				7069	angle given is the angle toward which the image is sketched. That is the
				7070	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				7071
				7072	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7073	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="smush"></a>-smush <var>offset</var></h3>
				7074	</div>
				7075
				7076	<p class="magick-description">smush an image sequence together.</p>
				7077
				7078	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7079	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <var>value</var></h3>
				7080	</div>
				7081
				7082	<p class="magick-description">Set the number of screen snapshots.</p>
				7083
				7084	<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
				7085
				7086	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7087	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <var>percent-threshold</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7088	</div>
				7089
				7090	<p class="magick-description">negate all pixels above the threshold level.</p>
				7091
				7092	<p>Specify <var>factor</var> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				7093
				7094	<p>This option produces a <var>solarization</var> effect seen when
				7095	exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
				7096
				7097	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7098	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <var>method</var> '<var>x</var>,<var>y</var> <var>color</var> ...'</h3>
				7099	</div>
				7100
				7101	<p class="magick-description"> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filling the other intervening colors using the given methods. </p>
				7102
				7103
				7104	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7105	<dt>barycentric</dt>
				7106	<dd>three point triangle of color given 3 points.
				7107	Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
				7108	The gradient generated extends beyond the triangle created by those
				7109	3 points. </dd>
				7110	<dt>bilinear</dt>
				7111	<dd>Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
				7112	fall back to barycentric. </dd>
				7113	<dt>voronoi</dt>
				7114	<dd>Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
				7115	given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </dd>
				7116	<dt>manhatten</dt>
				7117	<dd>Like voronoi, but resulting polygonal 'cells' are mapped to a fixed coordinate system.</dd>
				7118	<dt>shepards</dt>
				7119	<dd>Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
				7120	squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
				7121	colors. </dd>
				7122	<dt>inverse</dt>
				7123	<dd>Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance.
				7124	This generates sharper points of color rather than rounded spots of
				7125	'<code>shepards</code>' Generating spots of color in a sea of the
				7126	average of colors. </dd>
				7127	</dl>
				7128
				7129	<p>The points are placed according to the images location on the virtual
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7130	canvas (<a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >-repage</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7131	offset), and do not actually have to exist on the given image, but may be
				7132	some point beyond the edge of the image. All points are floating point values.
				7133	</p>
				7134
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7135	<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> are
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7136	modified, which means that by default matte/alpha transparency channel is not
				7137	effected. Typically transparency channel is turned off either before or after
				7138	the operation. </p>
				7139
				7140	<p>Of course if some color points are transparent to generate a transparent
				7141	gradient, then the image also requires transparency enabled to store the
				7142	values. </p>
				7143
				7144	<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
				7145	the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
				7146	logical, and provides an alternative technique to recolor an image to some
				7147	default value. </p>
				7148
				7149
				7150	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7151	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="splice"></a>-splice <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7152	</div>
				7153
				7154	<p class="magick-description">Splice the current background color into the image.</p>
				7155
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7156	<p>This will add rows and columns of the current <a
				7157	href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color into the given image according to the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7158	given <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> geometry setting. See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Essentially <a href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> will divide the
				7159	image into four quadrants, separating them by the inserted rows and columns.
				7160	</p>
				7161
				7162	<p>If a dimension of geometry is zero no rows or columns will be added for that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7163	dimension. Similarly using a zero offset with the appropriate <a
				7164	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting will add rows and columns to the edges of
				7165	the image, padding the image only along that one edge. Edge padding is what <a
				7166	href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> is most commonly used for. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7167
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7168	<p>If the exact same <var>geometry</var> and <a
				7169	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is later used with <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7170	added added all splices removed. </p>
				7171
				7172	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7173	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="spread"></a>-spread <var>amount</var></h3>
				7174	</div>
				7175
				7176	<p class="magick-description">displace image pixels by a random amount.</p>
				7177
				7178	<p>The argument <var>amount</var> defines the size of the
				7179	neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to
				7180	blend.</p>
				7181
				7182	<p>The lookup is controlled by the <a href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting.</p>
				7183
				7184	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7185	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="statistic"></a>-statistic <var>type</var> <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7186	</div>
				7187
				7188	<p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood.</p>
				7189
				7190	<p>Choose from these statistic types:</p>
				7191	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7192	<dt>Gradient</dt><dd>maximum difference (max - min) value in neighborhood</dd>
				7193	<dt>Maximum</dt><dd>maximum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7194	<dt>Minimum</dt><dd>minimum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7195	<dt>Mean</dt><dd>average value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7196	<dt>Median</dt><dd>median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7197	<dt>Mode</dt><dd>mode (most frequent) value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7198	<dt>Nonpeak</dt><dd>value just before or after the median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7199	<dt>RMS</dt><dd>root mean square value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7200	<dt>StandardDeviation</dt><dd> standard deviation value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7201	</dl>
				7202
				7203	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7204	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <var>offset</var></h3>
				7205	</div>
				7206
				7207	<p class="magick-description">hide watermark within an image.</p>
				7208
				7209	<p>Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the
				7210	beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will need
				7211	this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size
				7212	320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
				7213
				7214	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7215	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <var>+x</var>{<var>+y</var>}</h3>
				7216	</div>
				7217
				7218	<p class="magick-description">composite two images to create a red / cyan stereo anaglyph.</p>
				7219
				7220	<p>The left side of the stereo pair (second image) is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side (first image) is saved as the green and blue channels. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
				7221
				7222	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7223	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <var>type</var></h3>
				7224	</div>
				7225
				7226	<p class="magick-description">pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</p>
				7227
				7228	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7229	<dt>char</dt><dd>unsigned characters</dd>
				7230	<dt>double</dt><dd>doubles</dd>
				7231	<dt>float</dt><dd>floats</dd>
				7232	<dt>integer</dt><dd>integers</dd>
				7233	<dt>long</dt><dd>longs</dd>
				7234	<dt>quantum</dt><dd>pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution</dd>
				7235	<dt>short</dt><dd>unsigned shorts</dd>
				7236	</dl>
				7237
				7238	<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
				7239	values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
				7240
				7241	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7242	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <var>fontStretch</var></h3>
				7243	</div>
				7244
				7245	<p class="magick-description">Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</p>
				7246
				7247	<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to
				7248	apply to the currently selected font family. Select <var>fontStretch</var> from the following.</p>
				7249
				7250	<pre>
				7251	Any
				7252	Condensed
				7253	Expanded
				7254	ExtraCondensed
				7255	ExtraExpanded
				7256	Normal
				7257	SemiCondensed
				7258	SemiExpanded
				7259	UltraCondensed
				7260	UltraExpanded
				7261	</pre>
				7262
				7263	<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				7264	stretch</a>.</p>
				7265
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7266	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7267	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7268	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7269
				7270	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7271	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h3>
				7272	</div>
				7273
				7274	<p class="magick-description">strip the image of any profiles or comments.</p>
				7275
				7276	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7277	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <var>color</var></h3>
				7278	</div>
				7279
				7280	<p class="magick-description">color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</p>
				7281
				7282	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				7283
				7284	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7285
				7286	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7287	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <var>value</var></h3>
				7288	</div>
				7289
				7290	<p class="magick-description">set the stroke width.</p>
				7291
				7292	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7293
				7294	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7295	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="style"></a>-style <var>fontStyle</var></h3>
				7296	</div>
				7297
				7298	<p class="magick-description">Set a font style for text.</p>
				7299
				7300	<p>This setting suggests a font style that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				7301	the currently selected font family. Select <var>fontStyle</var> from
				7302	the following.</p>
				7303
				7304	<pre>
				7305	Any
				7306	Italic
				7307	Normal
				7308	Oblique
				7309	</pre>
				7310
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7311	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7312	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7313	href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7314
				7315	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7316	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h3>
				7317	</div>
				7318
				7319	<p class="magick-description">search for subimage.</p>
				7320
				7321	<p>This option is required to have compare search for the best match location
				7322	of a small image within a larger image. This search will produce two images
				7323	(or two frames). The first is the "difference" image and the second will
				7324	be the "match score" image.</p>
				7325
				7326	<p>The "match-score" image is smaller containing a pixel for ever possible
				7327	position of the top-left corner of the given sub-image. that is its size will
				7328	be the size of the larger_image - sub_image + 1. The brightest location in
				7329	this image is the location s the locate on the best match that is also
				7330	reported. Note that this may or may not be a perfect match, and the actual
				7331	brightness will reflect this. Other bright 'peaks' can be used to locate other
				7332	possible matching locations. </p>
				7333
				7334	<p>Note that the search will try to compare the sub-image at every possible
				7335	location in the larger image, as such it can be very slow. The smaller the
				7336	sub-image the faster this search is. </p>
				7337
				7338
				7339	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7340	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="swap"></a>-swap <var>index,index</var></h3>
				7341	</div>
				7342
				7343	<p class="magick-description">Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</p>
				7344
				7345	<p>For example, <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">-swap 0,2</a> swaps the first and the third
				7346	images in the current image sequence. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">+swap</a> to switch
				7347	the last two images in the sequence.</p>
				7348
				7349	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7350	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <var>degrees</var></h3>
				7351	</div>
				7352
				7353	<p class="magick-description">swirl image pixels about the center.</p>
				7354
				7355	<p><var>Degrees</var> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
				7356
				7357	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7358	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h3>
				7359	</div>
				7360
				7361	<p class="magick-description">synchronize image to storage device.</p>
				7362
				7363	<p>Set to "true" to ensure all image data is fully flushed and synchronized
				7364	to disk. There is a performance penalty, but the benefits include ensuring a
				7365	valid image file in the event of a system crash and early reporting if there
				7366	is not enough disk space for the image pixel cache.</p>
				7367
				7368	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7369	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h3>
				7370	</div>
				7371
				7372	<p class="magick-description">Mark the image as modified.</p>
				7373
				7374	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7375	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <var>name</var></h3>
				7376	</div>
				7377
				7378	<p class="magick-description">font for writing fixed-width text.</p>
				7379
				7380	<p>Specifies the name of the preferred font to use in fixed (typewriter style)
				7381	formatted text. The default is 14 point <var>Courier</var>.</p>
				7382
				7383	<p>You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or
				7384	OPTION1 font. For example, <code>Courier.ttf</code> is a TrueType font and
				7385	<code>x:fixed</code> is OPTION1.</p>
				7386
				7387	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7388	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="texture"></a>-texture <var>filename</var></h3>
				7389	</div>
				7390
				7391	<p class="magick-description">name of texture to tile onto the image background.</p>
				7392
				7393	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7394	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7395	</div>
				7396
				7397	<!-- {<var>green,blue,opacity</var>}
				7398	<p>If the green or blue value is omitted, these channels use the same value as
				7399	the first one provided. If all three color values are the same, the result is
				7400	a bi-level image. If the opacity threshold is omitted, OpaqueOpacity is used
				7401	and any partially transparent pixel becomes fully transparent.</p>
				7402	-->
				7403
				7404	<p class="magick-description">Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</p>
				7405
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7406	<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7407	maximum channel value, while all other values are assigned the minimum.</p>
				7408
				7409	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				7410	value corresponding to the desired channel value. When given as an integer,
				7411	the minimum attainable value is 0 (corresponding to black when all channels
				7412	are affected), but the maximum value (corresponding to white) is that of the
				7413	<code>quantum depth</code> of the particular build of ImageMagick, and is
				7414	therefore dependent on the installation. For that reason, a reasonable
				7415	recommendation for most applications is to specify the threshold values as
				7416	a percentage. </p>
				7417
				7418	<p> The following would force pixels with red values above 50% to have 100%
				7419	red values, while those at or below 50% red would be set to 0 in the red
				7420	channel. The green, blue, and alpha channels (if present) would be unchanged.
				7421	</p>
				7422
				7423	<pre>
				7424	convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png
				7425	</pre>
				7426
				7427	<p>As (possibly) impractical but instructive examples, the following would
				7428	generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the
				7429	input image.</p>
				7430
				7431
				7432	<pre>
				7433	convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png
				7434	convert in.png -threshold -1 white.png
				7435	</pre>
				7436
				7437	<p>Note that the values of the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				7438	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				7439
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7440	<p> See also <a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7441	</p>
				7442
				7443	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7444	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7445	</div>
				7446
				7447	<p class="magick-description">Create a thumbnail of the image.</p>
				7448
				7449	<p>This is similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized
				7450	for speed and any image profile, other than a color profile, is removed to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7451	reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a
				7452	href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7453
				7454	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				7455
				7456	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7457	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tile"></a>-tile <var>filename</var></h3>
				7458	</div>
				7459
				7460	<p class="magick-description">Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</p>
				7461
				7462	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7463	<h3 class="magick-header">-tile <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7464	</div>
				7465
				7466	<p class="magick-description">Specify the layout of images.</p>
				7467
				7468	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				7469
				7470	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7471	<h3 class="magick-header">-tile</h3>
				7472	</div>
				7473
				7474	<p class="magick-description">Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</p>
				7475
				7476	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7477	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
				7478	</div>
				7479
				7480	<p class="magick-description">Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</p>
				7481
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7482	<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="command-line-options.html#tile"
				7483	>-tile</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7484	creating a tiled canvas using <code>TILE:</code> or <code>PATTERN:</code> input
				7485	formats. </p>
				7486
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7487	<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="command-line-options.html#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7488	by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
				7489
				7490	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7491	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tint"></a>-tint <var>value</var></h3>
				7492	</div>
				7493
				7494	<p class="magick-description">Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				7495
				7496	<p>Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				7497
				7498	<p>Specify the amount of tinting as a percentage. Pure colors like black,
				7499	white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such
				7500	as the various shades of grey.</p>
				7501
				7502	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7503	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="title"></a>-title <var>string</var></h3>
				7504	</div>
				7505
				7506	<p class="magick-description">Assign a title to displayed image.", "animate", "display", "montage</p>
				7507
				7508	<p>Use this option to assign a specific title to the image. This assigned to
				7509	the image window and is typically displayed in the window title bar.
				7510	Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, Exif data,
				7511	or other image attribute by embedding special format characters described
				7512	under the <a href="command-line-options.html#format">-format</a> option.</p>
				7513
				7514	<p>For example,</p>
				7515
				7516	<pre>
				7517	-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
				7518	</pre>
				7519
				7520	<p>produces an image title of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> for an image
				7521	titled <code>bird.miff</code> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</p>
				7522
				7523
				7524	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7525	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h3>
				7526	</div>
				7527
				7528	<p class="magick-description">transform the image.</p>
				7529
				7530	<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
				7531
				7532	<pre>
				7533	convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg
				7534	</pre>
				7535
				7536
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7537	<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
				7538	href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> '<code>AffineProjection</code>' method. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7539
				7540
				7541	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7542	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <var>color</var></h3>
				7543	</div>
				7544
				7545	<p class="magick-description">Make this color transparent within the image.</p>
				7546
				7547	<p>The <var>color</var> argument is defined using the format
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7548	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz"
				7549	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7550	given. </p>
				7551
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7552	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7553	that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
				7554
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7555	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
				7556	href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7557	current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7558	However the <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
				7559	that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha"
				7560	>-alpha</a> set</code>", and does not require you to modify the <a
				7561	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7562
				7563	<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7564	used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
				7565	href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7566
				7567
				7568	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7569	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <var>color</var></h3>
				7570	</div>
				7571
				7572	<p class="magick-description">Set the transparent color.</p>
				7573
				7574	<p>Sometimes this is used for saving to image formats such as
				7575	GIF and PNG8 which uses this color to represent boolean transparency. This
				7576	does not make a color transparent, it only defines what color the transparent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7577	color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a
				7578	href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7579
				7580	<p>This option allows you to have both an opaque visible color, as well as a
				7581	transparent color of the same color value without conflict. That is, you can
				7582	use the same color for both the transparent and opaque color areas within an
				7583	image. This, in turn, frees to you to select a transparent color that is
				7584	appropriate when an image is displayed by an application that does not handle a
				7585	transparent color index, while allowing ImageMagick to correctly handle images of this
				7586	type. </p>
				7587
				7588	<p>The default transparent color is <code>#00000000</code>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
				7589
				7590	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7591	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h3>
				7592	</div>
				7593
				7594	<p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</p>
				7595
				7596	<p> This option mathematically transposes the pixel array. It is equivalent to the sequence <code>-flip -rotate 90</code>.
				7597	</p>
				7598
				7599	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7600	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h3>
				7601	</div>
				7602
				7603	<p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <code>-flop -rotate 90</code>.</p>
				7604
				7605
				7606	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7607	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <var>value</var></h3>
				7608	</div>
				7609
				7610	<p class="magick-description">tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				7611
				7612	<p>Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A value of zero or one causes
				7613	the use of an optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				7614
				7615	<p>An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source
				7616	image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory.
				7617	However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure the
				7618	best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7619	the <a href="quantize.html"
				7620	>color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7621
				7622	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>
				7623	option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is
				7624	required for this option to take effect.</p>
				7625
				7626	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7627	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h3>
				7628	</div>
				7629
				7630	<p class="magick-description">trim an image.</p>
				7631
				7632	<p>This option removes any edges that are exactly the same color as the corner
				7633	pixels. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> to make <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> remove
				7634	edges that are nearly the same color as the corner pixels.</p>
				7635
				7636	<p>The page or virtual canvas information of the image is preserved allowing
				7637	you to extract the result of the <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> operation from the
				7638	image. Use a <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> to remove the virtual canvas page
				7639	information if it is unwanted.</p>
				7640
				7641	<p>If the trimmed image 'disappears' an warning is produced, and a special
				7642	single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, in the same way as when a
				7643	<a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> operation 'misses' the image proper. </p>
				7644
				7645
				7646	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7647	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="type"></a>-type <var>type</var></h3>
				7648	</div>
				7649
				7650	<p class="magick-description">the image type.</p> <p>Choose from: <code>Bilevel</code>,
				7651	<code>Grayscale</code>, <code>GrayscaleMatte</code>, <code>Palette</code>,
				7652	<code>PaletteMatte</code>, <code>TrueColor</code>, <code>TrueColorMatte</code>,
				7653	<code>ColorSeparation</code>, or <code>ColorSeparationMatte</code>.</p>
				7654
				7655	<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7656	truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a
				7657	href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> option can be used to override this behavior. For
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7658	example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though
				7659	only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
				7660
				7661	<pre>
				7662	convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg
				7663	</pre>
				7664
				7665	<p>Similarly, use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type TrueColorMatte</a> to force the
				7666	encoder to write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the
				7667	output format supports transparency.</p>
				7668
				7669	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
				7670
				7671	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7672	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <var>color</var></h3>
				7673	</div>
				7674
				7675	<p class="magick-description">set the color of the annotation bounding box.</p>
				7676
				7677	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				7678
				7679	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7680
				7681
				7682	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7683	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="update"></a>-update <var>seconds</var></h3>
				7684	</div>
				7685
				7686	<p class="magick-description">detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</p>
				7687
				7688	<p>Suppose that while you are displaying an image the file that is currently
				7689	displayed is over-written. <code>display</code> will automagically detect that
				7690	the input file has been changed and update the displayed image
				7691	accordingly.</p>
				7692
				7693
				7694	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7695	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h3>
				7696	</div>
				7697
				7698	<p class="magick-description">discard all but one of any pixel color.</p>
				7699
				7700
				7701	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7702	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="units"></a>-units <var>type</var></h3>
				7703	</div>
				7704
				7705	<p class="magick-description">the units of image resolution.</p>
				7706
				7707	<p>Choose from: <code>Undefined</code>, <code>PixelsPerInch</code>, or
				7708	<code>PixelsPerCentimeter</code>. This option is normally used in conjunction
				7709	with the <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> option.</p>
				7710
				7711
				7712	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7713	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <var>radius</var><br />-unsharp <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+gain</var>}{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7714	</div>
				7715
				7716	<p class="magick-description">sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</p>
				7717
				7718	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">-unsharp</a> option sharpens an image. The image is
				7719	convolved with a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
				7720	(sigma). For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma. Use
				7721	a radius of 0 to have the method select a suitable radius.</p>
				7722
				7723	<p>The parameters are:</p>
				7724
				7725	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7726	<dt>radius</dt>
				7727	<dd>The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel (default 0).</dd>
				7728	<dt>sigma</dt>
				7729	<dd>The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).</dd>
				7730	<dt>gain</dt>
				7731	<dd>The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).</dd>
				7732	<dt>threshold</dt>
				7733	<dd>The threshold, as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var>, needed to apply the difference amount (default 0.05).</dd>
				7734	</dl>
				7735
				7736	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7737	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h3>
				7738	</div>
				7739
				7740	<p class="magick-description">print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#identify">-identify</a> option or <code>info:</code>.</p>
				7741
				7742
				7743	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7744	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="version"></a>-version</h3>
				7745	</div>
				7746
				7747	<p class="magick-description">print ImageMagick version string and exit.</p>
				7748
				7749
				7750	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7751	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="view"></a>-view <var>string</var></h3>
				7752	</div>
				7753
				7754	<p class="magick-description">FlashPix viewing parameters.</p>
				7755
				7756
				7757	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7758	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <var>radius</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7759	</div>
				7760
				7761	<p class="magick-description">soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</p>
				7762
				7763	<p>The vignette effect rolloff is controlled by radiusxsigma. For nominal rolloff, this would be set to 0xsigma. A value of 0x0 will produce a circle/ellipse with no rolloff. The arguments x and y control the size of the circle. Larger values decrease the radii and smaller values increase the radii. Values of +0+0 will generate a circle/ellipse the same size as the image. The default values for x and y are 10% of the corresponding image dimension. Thus, the radii will be decreased by 10%, i.e., the diameters of the circle/ellipse will be 80% of the corresponding image dimension.</p>
				7764
				7765	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7766	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <var>method</var></h3>
				7767	</div>
				7768
				7769	<p class="magick-description">Specify contents of <var>virtual pixels</var>.</p>
				7770
				7771	<p>This option defines what color source should be used if and when a color
				7772	lookup completely 'misses' the source image. The color(s) that appear to
				7773	surround the source image. Generally this color is derived from the source
				7774	image, but could also be set to a specify background color. </p>
				7775
				7776	<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
				7777
				7778	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7779	<dt>background</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is the background color</dd>
				7780	<dt>black</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is black</dd>
				7781	<dt>checker-tile</dt><dd>alternate squares with image and background color</dd>
				7782	<dt>dither</dt><dd>non-random 32x32 dithered pattern</dd>
				7783	<dt>edge</dt><dd>extend the edge pixel toward infinity</dd>
				7784	<dt>gray</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is gray</dd>
				7785	<dt>horizontal-tile</dt><dd>horizontally tile the image, background color above/below</dd>
				7786	<dt>horizontal-tile-edge</dt><dd>horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
				7787	<dt>mirror</dt><dd>mirror tile the image</dd>
				7788	<dt>random</dt><dd>choose a random pixel from the image</dd>
				7789	<dt>tile</dt><dd>tile the image (default)</dd>
				7790	<dt>transparent</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness</dd>
				7791	<dt>vertical-tile</dt><dd>vertically tile the image, sides are background color</dd>
				7792	<dt>vertical-tile-edge</dt><dd>vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
				7793	<dt>white</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is white</dd>
				7794	</dl>
				7795
				7796	<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
				7797
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7798	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				7799	>-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7800	However it also effects operations that may access pixels just outside the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7801	image proper, such as <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
				7802	href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7803
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7804	<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a
				7805	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7806
				7807
				7808	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7809	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="visual"></a>-visual <var>type</var></h3>
				7810	</div>
				7811
				7812	<p class="magick-description">Animate images using this X visual type.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
				7813
				7814	<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
				7815
				7816	<pre>
				7817	StaticGray TrueColor
				7818	GrayScale DirectColor
				7819	StaticColor default
				7820	PseudoColor visual id
				7821	</pre>
				7822
				7823	<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs.
				7824	If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most
				7825	simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
				7826
				7827
				7828	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7829	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <var>brightness</var>x<var>saturation</var></h3>
				7830	</div>
				7831
				7832	<p class="magick-description">Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and saturation.</p>
				7833
				7834	<p>Take a grayscale image (with alpha mask) and modify the destination image's
				7835	brightness according to watermark image's grayscale value and the
				7836	<var>brightness</var> percentage. The destinations color saturation
				7837	attribute is just direct modified by the <var>saturation</var>
				7838	percentage, which defaults to 100 percent (no color change). </p>
				7839
				7840
				7841	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7842	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="wave"></a>-wave <var>amplitude</var><br />-wave <var>amplitude</var>x<var>wavelength</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7843	</div>
				7844
				7845	<p class="magick-description">Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</p>
				7846
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7847	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7848	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="wavelet-denoise"></a>-wavelet-denoise <var>threshold</var><br />-wavelet-denoise <var>threshold</var>x<var>softness</var></h3>
				7849	</div>
				7850
				7851	<p class="magick-description">removes noise from the image using a wavelet transform. The threshold is the value below which everything is considered noise and ranges from 0.0 (none) to QuantumRange or use percent (e.g. 5%). Softness attenuates the threshold and typically ranges from 0.0 (none) to 1.0. The higher the value the more noise that remains in the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7852
				7853	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7854	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="weight"></a>-weight <var>fontWeight</var></h3>
				7855	</div>
				7856
				7857	<p class="magick-description">Set a font weight for text.</p>
				7858
				7859	<p>This setting suggests a font weight that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				7860	the currently selected font family. Use a positive integer for
				7861	<var>fontWeight</var> or select from the following.</p>
				7862
				7863	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7864	<dt>Thin </dt>
				7865	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 100.</dd>
				7866	<dt>ExtraLight </dt>
				7867	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 200.</dd>
				7868	<dt>Light </dt>
				7869	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 300.</dd>
				7870	<dt>Normal </dt>
				7871	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 400.</dd>
				7872	<dt>Medium </dt>
				7873	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 500.</dd>
				7874	<dt>DemiBold </dt>
				7875	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 600.</dd>
				7876	<dt>Bold </dt>
				7877	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 700.</dd>
				7878	<dt>ExtraBold </dt>
				7879	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 800.</dd>
				7880	<dt>Heavy </dt>
				7881	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 900.</dd>
				7882	</dl>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7883	<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7884
				7885	<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list weight</a>.</p>
				7886
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7887	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7888	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7889	href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7890
				7891	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7892	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <var>x,y</var></h3>
				7893	</div>
				7894
				7895	<p class="magick-description">chromaticity white point.</p>
				7896
				7897	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7898	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7899	</div>
				7900
				7901	<p class="magick-description">Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</p>
				7902
				7903	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				7904	value within [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>] corresponding to the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7905	desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7906
				7907	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7908	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="window"></a>-window <var>id</var></h3>
				7909	</div>
				7910
				7911	<p class="magick-description">Make the image the background of a window.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
				7912
				7913	<p><var>id</var> can be a window id or name. Specify <code>root</code>
				7914	to select X's root window as the target window.</p>
				7915
				7916	<p>By default the image is tiled onto the background of the target window. If
				7917	<code>backdrop</code> or <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-resize</a> are specified, the
				7918	image is surrounded by the background color. Refer to <code>X RESOURCES</code>
				7919	for details.</p>
				7920
				7921	<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7922	colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a
				7923	href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7924
				7925	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7926	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h3>
				7927	</div>
				7928
				7929	<p class="magick-description">specify the window group.</p>
				7930
				7931	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7932	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="write"></a>-write <var>filename</var></h3>
				7933	</div>
				7934
				7935	<p class="magick-description">write an image sequence.</p>
				7936
				7937	<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="command-line-options.html#write">-write</a> <var>filename</var> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#write">+write</a> <var>filename</var> option.</p>
				7938
				7939	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
				7940	</div>
				7941	</div>
				7942
				7943
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7944
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7945	<footer class="magick-footer">
cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7946	<p><a href="support.html">Donate</a> •
				7947	<a href="sitemap.html">Sitemap</a> •
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7948	<a href="links.html">Related</a> •
cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7949	<a href="architecture.html">Architecture</a>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7950	</p>
				7951	<p><a href="command-line-options.html#">Back to top</a> •
cristy	ea2793e	2015-05-31 16:52:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7952	<a href="http://pgp.mit.edu:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x89AB63D48277377A">Public Key</a> •
cristy	5b8fe76	2015-06-09 16:24:03 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7953	<a href="http://nextgen.imagemagick.org/script/contact.php">Contact Us</a></p>
Cristy	de27d76	2016-01-02 12:56:44 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7954	<p><small>© 1999-2016 ImageMagick Studio LLC</small></p>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7955	</footer>
				7956	</div><!-- /.container -->
				7957
Cristy	542697a	2015-10-12 20:10:32 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7958	<script src="https://localhost/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.3/jquery.min.js"></script>
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cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7960	</div>
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cristy	5a367e4	2015-05-05 12:39:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7962	</html>