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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5	<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8	<head>
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	11	<title>ImageMagick: Command-line Options</title>
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cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	15	<meta name="Application-name" content="ImageMagick"/>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	16	<meta name="Description" content="ImageMagick is a software suite to create, edit, compose, or convert bitmap images in a variety of formats. Use ImageMagick to scale, rotate, shear, distort and transform images."/>
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cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	18	<meta name="Generator" content="PHP"/>
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cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	32	<style type="text/css" media="all">
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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	48	</head>
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	185	<h1>Create, Edit, or Compose Bitmap Images With These Command-line Options</h1>
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<span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> ] </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	188
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	189	<div class="doc-section">
				190
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	191	<p>Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a
				192	href="../www/command-line-tools.html">command-line
				193	tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the
				194	option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	195	otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands <a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	196
				197	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	198	<h4><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	199	</div>
				200
				201	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	202	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
				203
				204	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	205	<h4><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	206	</div>
				207
				208	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				209
				210	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a> option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				211
				212	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	213	<h4><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	214	</div>
				215
				216	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				217
				218	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
				219
				220	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	221	<h4><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	222	</div>
				223
				224	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join images into a single multi-image file.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				225
				226	<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all
				227	images of an image sequence into the given output file.
				228	However, some formats, such as JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one
				229	image per file, and in that case ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As
				230	such, if more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is
				231	modified by adding a <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number before the
				232	suffix, in order to make distinct names for each image. </p>
				233
				234	<p>Use <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written
				235	to separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images
				236	per file (for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
				237
				238	<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will automagically enable <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify where the <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These strings, such as '<kbd>%d</kbd>' or '<kbd>%03d</kbd>', are familiar to those who have used the standard <kbd>printf()</kbd>' C-library function. As an example, the command</p>
				239
				240	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg</span></p>
				241	<p>will create a sequence of 17 images named my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg, my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg.
				242	</p>
				243
				244	<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will use
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	245	multiple files if either<br />
				246	(1) the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,<br />
				247	(2) the <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or<br />
				248	(3) a printf() integer format string (eg: "%d") is present in the output filename. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	249
				250
				251	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	252	<h4><a id="affine"></a>-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	253	-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em></h4>
				254	</div>
				255
				256	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				257
				258	<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, encoded as (<em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>, <em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>), for use by subsequent <a href="#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="#transform">-transform</a> options.</p>
				259
				260	<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values <i>with no spaces</i>. </p>
				261
				262	<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed) coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the original image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				263
				264	<div class="eqn">
				265	<img alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/>
				266	</div>
				267
				268	<p>
				269	The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that contains the transformed source image. The parameters <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the image area are cut off.</p>
				270
				271	<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate system: positive <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> directions are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
				272
				273	<p> If the translation coefficients <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omotted they default to 0,0. Therefore, four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
				274
				275	<p>Scaling by the factors <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em> in the <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> directions, respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
				276
				277	<p class="crtsnip">
				278	-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,0,0,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>
				279	</p>
				280
				281	<p>Translation by a displacement (<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>) is accomplished like so:</p>
				282
				283	<p class="crtsnip">
				284	-affine 1,0,0,1,<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>
				285	</p>
				286
				287	<p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle <em>a</em> by letting
				288	<em>c</em> = cos(<em>a</em>), <em>s</em> = sin(<em>a</em>), and using the following.</p>
				289
				290	<p class="crtsnip">
				291	-affine <em>c</em>,<em>s</em>,-<em>s</em>,<em>c</em>
				292	</p>
				293
				294	<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices of the individual transformations.</p>
				295
				296	<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
				297
				298	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	299	<h4><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	300	</div>
				301
				302	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				303
				304	<p>Used to set a flag on an image indicating whether or not to use existing alpha
				305	channel data, to create an alpha channel, or to perform other operations on the alpha channel. Choose the argument <em class="arg">type</em> from the list below.</p>
				306
				307
				308	<table class="doc">
				309	<tbody>
				310	<tr valign="top">
				311	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">type</th>
				312	<th align="left">Description</th>
				313	</tr>
				314
				315	<tr valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	316	<td valign="top"><kbd>Activate</kbd> or <kbd>On</kbd></td>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	317	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	318	Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally <kbd>Set</kbd>
				319	should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
				320	preserve existing (but specifically turned <kbd>Off</kbd>) transparency
				321	channel. </td></tr>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	322
				323	<tr valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	324	<td valign="top"><kbd>Deactivate</kbd> or <kbd>Off</kbd></td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	325	<td valign="top">
				326	Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	327	existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	328
				329	<tr valign="top">
				330	<td valign="top"><kbd>Set</kbd></td>
				331	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	332	Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
				333	then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
				334	the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	335
				336	<tr valign="top">
				337	<td valign="top"><kbd>Opaque</kbd></td>
				338	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	339	Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
				340	</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	341
				342	<tr valign="top">
				343	<td valign="top"><kbd>Transparent</kbd></td>
				344	<td valign="top">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	345	Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	346	transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
				347	same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
				348	intact, but fully transparent. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	349
				350	<tr valign="top">
				351	<td valign="top"><kbd>Extract</kbd></td>
				352	<td valign="top">
				353	Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	354	'<kbd>Off</kbd>' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
				355	a gray-scale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
				356	intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of '<kbd>Copy</kbd>'.
				357	</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	358
				359	<tr valign="top">
				360	<td valign="top"><kbd>Copy</kbd></td>
				361	<td valign="top">
				362	Turns '<kbd>On</kbd>' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	363	gray-scale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
				364	a gray-scale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
				365	appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	366
				367	<tr valign="top">
				368	<td valign="top"><kbd>Shape</kbd></td>
				369	<td valign="top">
				370	As per '<kbd>Copy</kbd>' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	371	the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
				372	replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	373	</td></tr>
				374
				375	<tr valign="top">
				376	<td valign="top"><kbd>Background</kbd></td>
				377	<td valign="top">
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	378	Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
				379	it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
				380	PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
				381	and thus can compress better.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	382	</td></tr>
				383	</tbody>
				384	</table>
				385
				386	<p>Note that while the <a href="#matte" >+matte</a> operation is the same as
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	387	"<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</kbd>", the <a href="#matte"
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	388	>-matte</a> operation is the same as "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a>
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	389	Set</kbd>" and not "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</kbd>". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	390
				391
				392	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	393	<h4><a id="annotate"></a>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	394	-annotate <em class="arg">degrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
				395	-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
				396	-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> {+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>{+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> <em class="arg">text</em></h4>
				397	</div>
				398
				399	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				400
				401	<p>This is a convenience for annotating an image with text. For more precise control over text annotations, use <a href="#draw">-draw</a>.</p>
				402
				403
				404	<p>The values <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em> and <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> control the shears with respect to the , respectively, applied to the text, while <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are offsets that give the location of the text relative to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
				405
				406	<p>Using <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> <em class="arg">degrees</em> or <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> <em class="arg">degrees</em>x<em class="arg">degrees</em> produces an unsheared rotation of the text. The direction of the rotation is positive, which means a clockwise rotation if <em class="arg">degrees</em> is positive. (This conforms to the usual mathematical convention once it is realized that the positive <em>y</em>–direction is conventionally considered to be <em>downward</em> for images.)</p>
				407
				408	<p>The new (transformed) coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				409	<div class="eqn"><img alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"/></div>
				410
				411	<p>If <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omitted, they default to 0. This makes the bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in this case leads to nice results.</p>
				412
				413	<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <em class="arg">text</em> is of the form '@mytext.txt', the text is read from the file <kbd>mytext.txt</kbd>. Text in a file is taken literally; no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				414
				415	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	416	<h4><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	417	</div>
				418
				419	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when
				420	drawing fonts and lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				421
				422	<p>By default, objects (e.g. text, lines, polygons, etc.) are antialiased when
				423	drawn. Use <a href="#antialias">+antialias</a> to disable the addition of
				424	antialiasing edge pixels. This will then reduce the number of colors added to
				425	an image to just the colors being directly drawn. That is, no mixed colors
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	426	are added when drawing such objects. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	427
				428	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	429	<h4><a id="append"></a>-append</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	430	</div>
				431
				432	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join current images vertically or horizontally.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				433
				434	<p>This option creates a single longer image image, by joining all the current
				435	images in sequence top-to-bottom. Use <a href="#append">+append</a> to
				436	stack images left-to-right. </p>
				437
				438	<p>If they are not of the same width, narrower images are padded with the
				439	current <a href="#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	440	position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	441	href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
				442
				443
				444	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	445	<h4><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	446	</div>
				447
				448	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				449
				450
				451	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	452	<h4><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <em class="arg">password</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	453	</div>
				454
				455	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decrypt a PDF with a password.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				456
				457	<p>Use this option to supply a <em class="arg">password</em> for decrypting a PDF that has been encrypted using Microsoft Crypto API (MSC API). The encrypting using the MSC API is not supported.</p>
				458
				459	<p>For a different encryption method, see <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a> and <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>. </p>
				460
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	461
				462
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	463	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	464	<h4><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	465	</div>
				466
				467	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				468
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	469	<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a
				470	href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that is the mean color exists in the
				471	image it will get a have a value of 50%. </p>
				472
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	473	<p>This means that any solid 'gray' image becomes 50% gray. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	474
				475	<p>This works well for real-life images with little or no extreme dark and
				476	light areas, but tend to fail for images with large amounts of bright sky or
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	477	dark shadows. It also does not work well for diagrams or cartoon like images.
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	478	</p>
				479
				480	<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	481	'<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine which color
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	482	values is used and modified. As the default <a href="#channel"
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	483	>-channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', channels are modified
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	484	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
				485
				486
				487
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	488	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	489	<h4><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	490	</div>
				491
				492	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust color levels of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				493
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	494	<p>This is a 'perfect' image normalization operator. It finds the exact
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	495	minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	496	href="#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
				497	values. </p>
				498
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	499	<p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	500	JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
				501	for the <a href="#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
				502	right operator to use for color stretching gradient images being used to
				503	generate Color lookup tables, distortion maps, or other 'mathematically'
				504	defined images. </p>
				505
				506	<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a
				507	href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="#linear-stretch"
				508	>-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
				509	problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="#auto-level"
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	510	>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	511
				512	<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	513	special '<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	514	which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	515	href="#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', the
				516	'<em>sync</em>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	517	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
				518	transparency. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	519
				520
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	521	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	522	<h4><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	523	</div>
				524
				525	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically orient (rotate) an image created by a digital camera.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				526
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	527	<p>This operator reads and resets the EXIF image profile setting 'Orientation'
				528	and then performs the appropriate 90 degree rotation on the image to orient
				529	the image, for correct viewing. </p>
				530
				531	<p>This EXIF profile setting is usually set using a gravity sensor in digital
				532	camara, however photos taken directly downward or upward may not have an
				533	appropriate value. Also images that have been orientation 'corrected' without
				534	reseting this setting, may be 'corrected' again resulting in a incorrect
				535	result. If the he EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a
				536	href="#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
				537
				538
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	539	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	540	<h4><a id="average"></a>-average</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	541	</div>
				542
				543	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Average a set of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				544
				545	<p>An error results if the images are not identically sized.</p>
				546
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	547
				548	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	549	<h4><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	550	</div>
				551
				552	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display the image centered on a backdrop.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				553
				554	<p>This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop is specified as the background color. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				555
				556	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	557	<h4><a id="background"></a>-background <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	558	</div>
				559
				560	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the background color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				561
				562	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
				563
				564	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	565	<h4><a id="bench"></a>-bench <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	566	</div>
				567
				568	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Measure performance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				569
cristy	e637813	2009-10-26 20:05:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	570	<p>Repeat the entire command for the given number of <em class="arg">iterations</em> and report the user-time and elapsed time. For instance, consider the following command and its output. Modify the benchmark with the -duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent to run the benchmark in parallel (requires the OpenMP feature).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	571
cristy	e637813	2009-10-26 20:05:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	572	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -resize 1000% -bench 5 logo.png</span><span class='crtout'>Performance: 5i 0.875657ips 6.880u 0:05.710</span></p>
				573	<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 0.875657 iterations per second, using 6.88 seconds of the user's allotted time, for a total elapsed time of 5.71 seconds.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	574
				575	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	576	<h4><a id="bias"></a>-bias <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	577	</div>
				578
				579	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add bias when convolving an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				580
				581	<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that positive and negative results are relative to the specified bias value. </p>
				582
				583	<p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge detection. Without an output bias, the negative values are clipped at zero.</p>
				584
				585	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
				586	negative results without clipping to the color value range
				587	(0..QuantumRange).</p>
				588
				589	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
				590	<a href="/www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
				591	</p>
				592
				593	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	594	<h4><a id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	595	</div>
				596
				597	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use black point compensation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				598
				599	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	600	<h4><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	601	</div>
				602
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	603	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				604
				605	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>] corresponding to the desired <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> for more details on thresholds and resulting values.
				606	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	607
				608
				609	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	610	<h4><a id="blend"></a>-blend <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	611	</div>
				612
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	613	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	614
				615	<p>Blend will average the images together ('plus') according to the
				616	percentages given and each pixels transparency. If only a single percentage
				617	value is given it sets the weight of the composite or 'source' image, while
				618	the background image is weighted by the exact opposite amount. That is a
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	619	<kbd>-blend 30%</kbd> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
				620	'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <kbd>-blend 30x70%</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	621
				622
				623	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	624	<h4><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	625	</div>
				626
				627	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				628
				629	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	630	<h4><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	631	</div>
				632
				633	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				634
				635	<div style="margin: auto;">
				636
				637	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	638	<h4><a id="blur"></a>-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	639	</div>
				640
				641	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				642
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	643	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
				644	<em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value. The formula is:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	645
				646	<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/>
				647	</div>
				648
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	649	<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	650	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	651
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	652	<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	653	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	654	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	655	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				656	</p>
				657
				658	<p>The larger the <em class="arg" >Radius</em> the radius the slower the
				659	operation is. However too small a <em class="arg" >Radius</em>, and sever
				660	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <em class="arg" >Radius</em>
				661	should be at least twice the <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value, though three
				662	times will produce a more accurite result. </p>
				663
				664	<p>This option differs from <a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> simply
				665	by taking advantage of the separability properties of the distribution. Here
				666	we apply a single-dimensional Gaussian matrix in the horizontal direction,
				667	then repeat the process in the vertical direction.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	668
				669	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				670	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				671	</p>
				672
				673
				674	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	675	<h4>-blur <em class="arg">Width</em>[x<em class="arg">Height</em>[+<em class="arg">Angle</em>]]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	676	</div>
				677
				678	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Variably blur and image according to the overlay mapping.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				679
				680	<p>Each pixel in the overlaid region is replaced with an Elliptical Weighted
				681	Average (EWA) of the source image, scaled according to the grayscale
				682	mapping. </p>
				683
				684	<p>The ellipse is weighted with sigma set to the given <em class="arg"
				685	>Width</em> and <em class="arg" >Height</em>. The <em class="arg" >Height</em>
				686	defaults to the <em class="arg" >Width</em> for a normal circular Guassian
				687	weighting. The <em class="arg" >Angle</em> will rotate the ellipse from
				688	horizontal clock-wise. </p>
				689
				690	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				691	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				692	</p>
				693
				694
				695	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	696	<h4><a id="border"></a>-border <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	697	</div>
				698
				699	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border of color. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				700
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	701	<p>Set the width and height using the <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the
				702	<em class="arg">gravity</em> argument. See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets are
				703	ignored. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	704
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	705	<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a
				706	href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	707
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	708	<p>The <a href="#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a
				709	href="#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
				710	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' composition method. It generates a image of the appropriate
				711	size colors by the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
				712	overlaying the original image in the center of this net image. This means that
				713	with the default compose method of '<kbd>Over</kbd>' any transparent parts may
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	714	be replaced by the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	715	<p>See also the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, which has more
				716	functionality.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	717
				718	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	719	<h4><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	720	</div>
				721
				722	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				723
				724	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				725
				726	<p>The default border color is <kbd>#DFDFDF</kbd>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				727
				728	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	729	<h4><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <em class="arg">geometry</em> </h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	730	</div>
				731
				732	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				733
				734	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	735	<h4><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em><br />-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em>{x<em class="arg">contrast</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	736	</div>
				737
				738	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				739
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	740	<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are
				741	not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change.
				742	The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
				743	brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast.
				744	To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness,
				745	set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	746
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	747	<p>You may also use <a href="#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to
				748	apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same
				749	transformation to all channels.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	750
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	751	<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a
				752	linear transform and applied
				753	using <a href="#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	754
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	755	<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
				756	contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
				757	midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but
				758	not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation
				759	is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	760
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	761	<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this
				762	function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	763
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	764	<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
				765	at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is
				766	totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
				767	totally black.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	768
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	769	<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
				770	symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	771
				772	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	773	<h4><a id="cache"></a>-cache <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	774	</div>
				775
				776	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>(This option has been replaced by the <a href='#limit'>-limit</a> option.)</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				777
				778	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	779	<h4><a id="caption"></a>-caption <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	780	</div>
				781
				782	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a caption to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				783
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	784	<p>This option sets the caption meta-data of an image read in after this
				785	option has been given. To modify a caption of images already in memory use
				786	"<kbd><a href="#set">-set</a> caption</kbd>". </p>
				787
				788	<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				789	href="../www/escape.html">Format and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	790	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the caption
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	791	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				792
				793	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				794	class="arg">@</em>, the image caption is read from a file titled by the
				795	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				796	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				797
				798	<p>Caption meta-data ais not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				799	<a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="#draw">-draw</a> options
				800	instead.</p>
				801
				802	<p>For example,</p>
				803
				804	<p class="crtsnip">
				805	-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				806	</p>
				807
				808	<p>produces an image caption of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> (assuming
				809	that the image <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> has a width of 512 and a height of
				810	480.</p>
				811
				812
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	813	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	814	<h4><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	815	</div>
				816
				817	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color correct with a color decision list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				818
				819	<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
				820
				821	<pre class="text">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	822	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				823	<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
				824	<ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
				825	<SOPNode>
				826	<Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
				827	<Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
				828	<Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
				829	</SOPNode>
				830	<SATNode>
				831	<Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
				832	</SATNode>
				833	</ColorCorrection>
				834	</ColorCorrectionCollection>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	835	</pre>
				836
				837	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	838	<h4><a id="channel"></a>-channel <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	839	</div>
				840
				841	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				842
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	843	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Red</kbd>, <kbd>Green</kbd>, <kbd>Blue</kbd>,
				844	<kbd>Alpha</kbd>, <kbd>Cyan</kbd>, <kbd>Magenta</kbd>, <kbd>Yellow</kbd>,
				845	<kbd>Black</kbd>, <kbd>Opacity</kbd>, <kbd>Index</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>,
				846	<kbd>RGBA</kbd>, <kbd>CMYK</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYKA</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	847
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	848	<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	849	abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<kbd>R</kbd>', '<kbd>G</kbd>',
				850	'<kbd>B</kbd>', '<kbd>A</kbd>', '<kbd>O</kbd>', '<kbd>C</kbd>',
				851	'<kbd>M</kbd>', '<kbd>Y</kbd>', '<kbd>K</kbd>'.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	852
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	853	For example, to only select the <kbd>Red</kbd> and <kbd>Blue</kbd> channels
				854	you can either use </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	855	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	856	-channel Red,Blue
				857	</p>
				858	<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
				859	<p class="crtsnip">
				860	-channel RB
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	861	</p>
				862
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	863	<p>All the channels that is present in an image can be specified using the
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	864	special channel type <kbd>All</kbd>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
				865	but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
				866	will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
				867
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	868	<br />
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	869
				870	<p>On top of the normal channel selection a extra flag can be specified,
				871	'<kbd>Sync</kbd>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	872	operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
				873	syncronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
				874	operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
				875	channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	876	setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	877
				878	<p>For example for operators such as <a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	879	<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels are modified
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	880	together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	881	it being set, then each channel is modified separately and
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	882	independently, which may produce color distortion. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	883
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	884	<p>The <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a> '<kbd>Convolve</kbd>' method
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	885	and the <a href="#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
				886	the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag to modify the behaviour of pixel colors according
				887	to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
				888	processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
				889	contribute to the final result. </p>
				890
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	891	<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in syncronous, and
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	892	treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				893	setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag.
				894	How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
				895	Not all operators understands this flag at this time, but that is changing.
				896	</p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	897
				898	<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="#list">-list
				899	channel</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	900
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	901	<br />
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	902
				903	<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="#channel">-channel</a> to the value
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	904	'<kbd>RGBK,sync</kbd>', which specifies that operators act on all color
				905	channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
				906	to be modified in exactly the same way, with a understanding of transprancy
				907	(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
				908	href="#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	909
				910	<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
				911	include the following.
				912
				913	<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
				914	<a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	915	<a href="#black-threshold">-black-threshold</a>,
				916	<a href="#blur">-blur</a>,
cristy	b4c03bb	2009-09-27 13:55:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	917	<a href="#clamp">-clamp</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	918	<a href="#clut">-clut</a>,
				919	<a href="#combine">-combine</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	920	<a href="#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
				921	<a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	922	<a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
				923	<a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
				924	<a href="#function">-function</a>,
				925	<a href="#fx">-fx</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	926	<a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	927	<a href="#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	928	<a href="#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	929	<a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	930	<a href="#negate">-negate</a>,
				931	<a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>,
				932	<a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
				933	<a href="#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
				934	<a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	935	<a href="#separate">-separate</a>,
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	936	<a href="#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	937	<a href="#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
				938	</p>
				939
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	940	<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="#channel"
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	941	>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	942	href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	943	default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
				944	flag. </p>
				945
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	946	<p>For example <a href="#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default gray-scale
				947	the image before thresholding, if no <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
				948	has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	949
				950	<p>Also some operators such as <a href="#blur">-blur</a>, <a
				951	href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
				952	color channels if the '<kbd>alpha</kbd>' channel is also enabled by <a
				953	href="#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
				954	fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
				955	underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	956	resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	957	convolution equivalents however does have a understanding of the 'Sync' flag
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	958	and will thus handle transparency correctly by default. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	959
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	960	<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	961	color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	962	alpha channel present, and the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
				963	the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
				964	href="#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	965
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	966
				967	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	968	<h4><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h4>
cristy	b4c03bb	2009-09-27 13:55:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	969	</div>
				970
				971	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Restrict image colors from 0 to the quantum depth.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				972
				973	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	974	<h4><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	975	</div>
				976
				977	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Simulate a charcoal drawing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				978
				979	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	980	<h4><a id="chop"></a>-chop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	981	</div>
				982
				983	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				984
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	985	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">width</em>
				986	and <em class="arg">height</em> given in the of the <em class="arg">size</em>
				987	portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the number of
				988	columns and rows to remove. The <em class="arg">offset</em> portion of
				989	the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument is influenced by
				990	a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	991
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	992	<p>The <a href="#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
				993	and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	994
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	995	<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more typically
				996	used with as <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and a '<kbd>+0+0</kbd>' offset
				997	so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a href="#shave"
				998	>-shave</a> whcih removes equal numbers of pixels from oppisite sides of the image.
				999	</p>
				1000
				1001	<p>Using <a href="#chop">-chop</a> will effectivally undo the results of a
				1002	<a href="#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <em class="arg">geometry</em>
				1003	and <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
				1004
				1005
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1006	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1007	<h4><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1008	</div>
				1009
				1010	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply the clipping path if one is present.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1011
				1012	<p>If a clipping path is present, it is applied to subsequent operations.</p>
				1013
				1014	<p>For example, in the command</p>
				1015
				1016	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -clip -negate cockatoo.tif negated.tif</span></p>
				1017	<p>only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</p>
				1018
				1019	<p>The <a href="#clip">-clip</a> feature requires the XML library. If the XML library is not present, the option is ignored.</p>
				1020
				1021	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1022	<h4><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1023	</div>
				1024
				1025	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip the image as defined by this mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1026
				1027	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1028	<h4><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1029	</div>
				1030
				1031	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip along a named path from the 8BImageMagick profile.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1032
				1033	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1034	<h4><a id="clone"></a>-clone <em class="arg">index(s)</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1035	</div>
				1036
				1037	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make a copy of an image (or images).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1038
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1039	<p>Inside parenthesis (where the operator is normally used) it will make a
				1040	clone of the images from the last 'pushed' image sequence, and adds them to
				1041	the end of the current image sequence. Outside parenthesis
				1042	(not recommended) it clones the images from the current image sequence. </p>
				1043
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1044	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1045	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1046	example, <kbd>−1</kbd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1047	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1048	dash (e.g. <kbd>0−4</kbd>). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no
				1049	spaces (e.g. <kbd>0,2,5</kbd>). A value of '<kbd>0−−1</kbd> will
				1050	effectivally clone all the images. </p>
				1051
				1052	<p>The <a href="#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
				1053	in the image sequence, and is thus equivelent to using a argument of
				1054	'<kbd>−1</kbd>'. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1055
				1056	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1057	<h4><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1058	</div>
				1059
				1060	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Replace the channel values in the first image using each
				1061	corresponding channel in the second image as a <b>c</b>olor
				1062	<b>l</b>ook<b>u</b>p <b>t</b>able.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1063
				1064	<p>The second (LUT) image is ordinarily a gradient image containing the
				1065	histogram mapping of how each channel should be modified. Typically it is a
				1066	either a single row or column image of replacement color values. If larger
				1067	than a single row or column, values are taken from a diagonal line from
				1068	top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
				1069
				1070	<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a
				1071	href="#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
				1072	LUT which is not the full length needed by the ImageMagick installed Quality
				1073	(Q) level. Good settings for this are the '<kbd>bilinear</kbd>' and
				1074	'<kbd>bicubic</kbd>' interpolation settings, which give smooth color
				1075	gradients, and the '<kbd>integer</kbd>' setting for a direct, unsmoothed
				1076	lookup of color values. </p>
				1077
				1078	<p>This operator is especially suited to replacing a grayscale image with a
				1079	specific color gradient from the CLUT image. </p>
				1080
				1081	<p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				1082	setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a
				1083	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting is <kbd>RGB</kbd>, this means that
				1084	transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a
				1085	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
				1086	set, it is treated by the <a href="#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same way
				1087	as the other channels, implying that alpha/matte values are replaced using the
				1088	alpha/matte values of the original image. </p>
				1089
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1090	<p>If either the image being modified, or the lookup image, contains no
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1091	transparency (i.e. <a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
				1092	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1093	assumed that image represents a gray-scale gradient which is used for the
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1094	replacement alpha values. That is you can use a gray-scale CLUT image to
				1095	adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a gray-scale image
				1096	using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
				1097	</p>
				1098
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1099	<p>See also <a href="#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
				1100	according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
				1101	of a 3D color cube. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1102
				1103
				1104	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1105	<h4><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1106	</div>
				1107
				1108	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1109
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1110	<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to
				1111	its <a href="#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
				1112	an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be
				1113	the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the
				1114	animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames
				1115	are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay
				1116	images. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1117
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1118	<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
				1119	the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>optimize</kbd>', although
				1120	there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is
				1121	better than the original. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1122
				1123
				1124	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1125	<h4><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1126	</div>
				1127
				1128	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colorize the image by an amount specified by <em class="arg">value</em> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1129
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1130	<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
				1131	values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
				1132	a comma-delimited list of colorization
				1133	values (e.g., <kbd>-colorize 0,0,50</kbd>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1134
				1135	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1136	<h4><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1137	</div>
				1138
				1139	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the colormap type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1140
				1141	<p>The <em class="arg">type</em> can be <kbd>shared</kbd> or <kbd>private</kbd>.</p>
				1142
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1143	<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual
				1144	is <kbd>PseudoColor</kbd> or <kbd>GrayScale</kbd>. Refer
				1145	to <a href="#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
				1146	a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with
				1147	other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated,
				1148	therefore your image may look very different than intended.
				1149	If <kbd>private</kbd> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly
				1150	as they are defined. However, other clients may go <em>technicolor</em>
				1151	when the image colormap is installed.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1152
				1153	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1154	<h4><a id="colors"></a>-colors <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1155	</div>
				1156
				1157	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1158
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1159	<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
				1160	but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer
				1161	unique colors than specified by <em class="arg">value</em> will have any
				1162	duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color
				1163	palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
				1164	it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
				1165	reducing the number of colors. Refer to
				1166	the <a href="../www/quantize.html">
				1167	color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1168
				1169	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1170	<h4><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <em class="arg">matrix</em></h4>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1171	</div>
				1172
				1173	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply color correction to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1174
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1175	<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha,
				1176	and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
				1177	can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6
				1178	for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by
				1179	Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of
				1180	CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1181
				1182	<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
				1183
				1184	<pre class="text">
				1185	convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
				1186	" 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1187	0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1188	0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1189	0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
				1190	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
				1191	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
				1192	</pre>
				1193	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1194	<h4><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1195	</div>
				1196
				1197	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1198
				1199	<p>Choices are:</p>
				1200
				1201	<pre class="text">
				1202	CMY
				1203	CMYK
				1204	Gray
				1205	HSB
				1206	HSL
				1207	HWB
				1208	Lab
				1209	Log
				1210	OHTA
				1211	Rec601Luma
				1212	Rec601YCbCr
				1213	Rec709Luma
				1214	Rec709YCbCr
				1215	RGB
				1216	sRGB
				1217	Transparent
				1218	XYZ
				1219	YCbCr
				1220	YCC
				1221	YIQ
				1222	YPbPr
				1223	YUV
				1224	</pre>
				1225
				1226	<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
				1227
				1228	<p>For a more accurate color conversion to or from the RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option.</p>
				1229
				1230	<table class="doc">
				1231	<caption>Conversion Of RGB To Other Color Spaces</caption>
				1232	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">CMY</th></tr>
				1233	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−R</td></tr>
				1234	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">M=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−G</td></tr>
				1235	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−B</td></tr>
				1236	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">CMYK — starts with CMY from above</th></tr>
				1237	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">K=min(C,Y,M)</td></tr>
				1238	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(C−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1239	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">M=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(M−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1240	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(Y−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1241
				1242	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Gray</th></tr>
				1243	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray = 0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B</td></tr>
				1244
				1245	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HSB — Hue, Saturation, Brightness; like a cone peak downward</th></tr>
				1246	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1247	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1248	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">B=distance along axis from bottom upward; B=max(R,G,B); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1249
				1250	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HSL — Hue, Saturation, Lightness; like a double cone end-to-end with peaks at very top and bottom</th></tr>
				1251	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1252	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1253	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">L=distance along axis from bottom upward; L=0.5max(R,G,B) + 0.5min(R,G,B); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1254
				1255	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HWB — Hue, Whiteness, Blackness</th></tr>
				1256	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Hue (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1257	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Whiteness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1258	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Blackness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1259
				1260	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">LAB</th></tr>
				1261	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">L (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1262	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">A (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1263	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">B (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1264
				1265	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">LOG</th></tr>
				1266	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I1 (complicated equation involving logarithm of R)</td></tr>
				1267	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I2 (complicated equation involving logarithm of G)</td></tr>
				1268	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I3 (complicated equation involving logarithm of B)</td></tr>
				1269
				1270	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">OHTA — approximates principal components transformation</th></tr>
				1271	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I1=0.33333R+0.33334G+0.33333*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1272	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I2=(0.50000R+0.00000G−0.50000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1273	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I3=(−0.25000R+0.50000G−0.25000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1274
				1275	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec601Luma</th></tr>
				1276	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray = 0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B</td></tr>
				1277
				1278	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec601YCbCr</th></tr>
				1279	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1280	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R-0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1281	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1282
				1283	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec709Luma</th></tr>
				1284	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray=0.21260R+0.71520G+0.07220*B</td></tr>
				1285
				1286	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec709YCbCr</th></tr>
				1287	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.212600R+0.715200G+0.072200*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1288	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.114572R−0.385428G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1289	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.454153G−0.045847B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1290
				1291	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
				1292	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Rs ≤ .03928 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=((R+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1293	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Gs ≤ .03928 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=((G+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1294	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Bs ≤ .03928 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=((B+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1295
				1296	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
				1297	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">X=0.4124240R+0.3575790G+0.1804640*B</td></tr>
				1298	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.2126560R+0.7151580G+0.0721856*B</td></tr>
				1299	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Z=0.0193324R+0.1191930G+0.9504440*B</td></tr>
				1300
				1301	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YCC</th></tr>
				1302	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=(0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B) (with complicated scaling); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1303	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C1=(−0.29900R−0.58700G+0.88600*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1304	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C2=(0.70100R−0.58700G−0.11400*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1305
				1306	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YCbCr</th></tr>
				1307	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1308	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1309	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1310
				1311	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YIQ</th></tr>
				1312	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1313	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I=(0.59600R−0.27400G−0.32200B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1314	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Q=(0.21100R−0.52300G+0.31200B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1315
				1316	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YPbPr</th></tr>
				1317	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1318	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Pb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1319	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Pr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1320
				1321	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YUV</th></tr>
				1322	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1323	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">U=(−0.14740R−0.28950G+0.43690B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1324	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">V=(0.61500R−0.51500G−0.10000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1325	</table>
				1326
				1327	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1328	<h4><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1329	</div>
				1330
				1331	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Combine one or more images into a single image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1332
				1333	<p>The channels (previously set by <a href="#channel">-channel</a>) of the combined image are taken from the grayscale values of each image in the sequence, in order. For the default -channel setting of <kbd>RGB</kbd>, this means the first image is assigned to the <kbd>Red</kbd> channel, the second to the <kbd>Green</kbd> channel, the third to the <kbd>Blue</kbd>.</p>
				1334
				1335	<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a href="#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same. Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the original.
				1336	</p>
				1337
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1338	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \ <br/> -combine imagecopy.png</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1339	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1340	<h4><a id="comment"></a>-comment <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1341	</div>
				1342
				1343	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Embed a comment in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1344
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1345	<p>This option sets the comment meta-data of an image read in after this
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1346	option has been given. To modify a comment of images already in memory use
				1347	"<kbd><a href="#set">-set</a> comment</kbd>". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1348
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1349	<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				1350	href="../www/escape.html">Format and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1351	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the comment
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1352	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				1353
				1354	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				1355	class="arg">@</em>, the image comment is read from a file titled by the
				1356	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				1357	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				1358
				1359	<p>Comment meta-data are not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				1360	<a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="#draw">-draw</a> options
				1361	instead.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1362
				1363	<p>For example,</p>
				1364
				1365	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1366	-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1367	</p>
				1368
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1369	<p>produces an image comment of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> (assuming
				1370	that the image <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> has a width of 512 and a height of
				1371	480.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1372
				1373	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1374	<h4><a id="compose"></a>-compose <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1375	</div>
				1376
				1377	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the type of image composition.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1378
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1379	<p>See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				1380	a detailed discussion of alpha compositing.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1381
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1382	<p>This setting effects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
				1383	images together in some way. This includes the operators,
				1384	<a href="#composite">-composite</a>,
				1385	<a href="#layers">-layers</a> composite,
				1386	<a href="#flatten">-flatten</a>,
				1387	<a href="#mosaic">-mosaic</a>,
				1388	<a href="#layers">-layers</a> merge,
				1389	<a href="#border">-border</a>,
				1390	<a href="#frame">-frame</a>,
				1391	and <a href="#extent">-extent</a>. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1392
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1393	<p>It is also one of the primary options for the "<kbd>composite</kbd>"
				1394	command. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1395
				1396
				1397	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1398	<h4><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1399	</div>
				1400
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1401	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1402
				1403	<p>Take the first image 'destination' and overlay the second 'source' image
				1404	according to the current <a href="#compose">-compose</a> setting. The location
				1405	of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a
				1406	href="#geometry" >-geometry</a>, and <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a>
				1407	settings. </p>
				1408
				1409	<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a gray-scale 'mask' image
				1410	relative to the first 'destination' image. This mask will limit what parts of
				1411	the destination can be modified by the image composition. However for the
				1412	'<kbd>displace</kbd>' compose method, the mask is used to provide a separate
				1413	Y-displacement image instead. </p>
				1414
				1415	<p>If a <a href="#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
				1416	arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a
				1417	href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd class="arg">option:compose:args</kbd>'
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1418	appropriately for the compose method. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1419
				1420	<p>Some <a href="#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destination'
				1421	image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a
				1422	href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd class="arg">option:compose:outside-overlay</kbd>'
				1423	to '<kbd>false</kbd>'. </p>
				1424
				1425
				1426	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1427	<h4><a id="compress"></a>-compress <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1428	</div>
				1429
				1430	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use pixel compression specified by <em class="arg">type</em> when writing the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1431
				1432	<p>Choices are: <kbd class="arg">None</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">BZip</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Fax</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Group4</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">JPEG</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">JPEG2000</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Lossless</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">LZW</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">RLE</kbd> or <kbd class="arg">Zip</kbd>.</p>
				1433
				1434	<p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="#list">-list compress</a>.</p>
				1435
				1436	<p>Specify <a href="#compress">+compress</a> to store the binary image in an uncompressed format. The default is the compression type of the specified image file.</p>
				1437
				1438	<p>If <kbd>LZW</kbd> compression is specified but LZW compression has not been enabled, the image data is written in an uncompressed LZW format that can be read by LZW decoders. This may result in larger-than-expected GIF files.</p>
				1439
				1440	<p><kbd>Lossless</kbd> refers to lossless JPEG, which is only available if the JPEG library has been patched to support it. Use of lossless JPEG is generally not recommended.</p>
				1441
				1442	<p>Use the <a href="#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression level to be used by JPEG, PNG, MIFF, and MPEG encoders. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling the chroma channels.</p>
				1443
				1444	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1445	<h4><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1446	</div>
				1447
				1448	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1449
				1450	<p>This option enhances the intensity differences between the lighter and darker elements of the image. Use <a href="#contrast">-contrast</a> to enhance the image or <a href="#contrast">+contrast</a> to reduce the image contrast.</p>
				1451
				1452	<p>For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</p>
				1453
				1454	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png</span></p>
				1455	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1456	<h4><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1457	</div>
				1458
				1459	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1460
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1461	<p>While performing the stretch, black-out at most <em
				1462	class="arg" >black-point</em> pixels and white-out at most <em
				1463	class="arg" >white-point</em> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most
				1464	<em class="arg" >black-point %</em> pixels and white-out at most <em
				1465	class="arg" >white-point %</em> pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1466
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1467	<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="#contrast-stretch"
				1468	>-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <em class="arg"
				1469	>black-point</em> pixels and white-out at most <em class="arg" >total pixels
				1470	minus white-point</em> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <em
				1471	class="arg">black-point %</em> pixels and white-out at most <em class="arg"
				1472	>100% minus white-point %</em> pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1473
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1474	<p>Note that <kbd>-contrast-stretch 0</kbd> will modify the image such that
				1475	the image's min and max values are stretched to 0 and <em class="QR"
				1476	>QuantumRange</em>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
				1477	clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="#normalize"
cristy	d4d64ed	2010-08-22 22:19:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1478	>-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <kbd>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</kbd> (or
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1479	prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <kbd>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</kbd>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1480
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1481	<p>Internally operator works by creating a histogram bin, and then uses that
				1482	bin to modify the image. As such some colors may be merged together when they
				1483	originally fell into the same 'bin'. </p>
				1484
				1485	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
				1486	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1487	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1488	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				1489
				1490	<p>See also <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
				1491	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				1492
				1493	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1494
				1495
				1496	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1497	<h4><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1498	</div>
				1499
				1500	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1501
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1502	<p>The <em class="arg">kernel</em> is a matrix specified as
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1503	a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
				1504	starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
				1505	supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <em
				1506	class="arg">kernel</em> must be 3<sup>2</sup>=9, 5<sup>2</sup>=25,
				1507	7<sup>2</sup>=49, etc. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1508
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1509	<p>Note that the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
				1510	positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
				1511	This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
				1512	convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				1513	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				1514	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values is clipped at zero.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1515	</p>
				1516
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1517	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
				1518	negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
				1519	See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				1520	href="/www/high-dynamic-range.html">High
				1521	Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				1522	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
				1523	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
				1524	entry. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1525
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1526
				1527	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1528	<h4><a id="crop"></a>-crop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1529	</div>
				1530
				1531	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1532
				1533	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				1534
				1535	<p>The <em class="arg">width</em> and <em class="arg">height</em> of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the size of the image that remains after cropping, and <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> in the <em class="arg">offset</em> (if present) gives the location of the top left corner of the cropped image with respect to the original image. To specify the amount to be removed, use <a href="#shave">-shave</a> instead.</p>
				1536
				1537	<p>If the <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are present, a single image is generated, consisting of the pixels from the cropping region. The offsets specify the location of the upper left corner of the cropping region measured downward and rightward with respect to the upper left corner of the image. If the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <kbd>NorthEast</kbd>, <kbd>East</kbd>, or <kbd>SouthEast</kbd> gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge of the image to the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <kbd>SouthWest</kbd>, <kbd>South</kbd>, or <kbd>SouthEast</kbd> gravity, the distance is measured upward between the bottom edges.</p>
				1538
				1539	<p>If the <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are omitted, a set of tiles of the specified geometry, covering the entire input image, is generated. The rightmost tiles and the bottom tiles are smaller if the specified geometry extends beyond the dimensions of the input image.</p>
				1540
				1541	<p>By adding a exclamation character flag to the geometry argument, the
				1542	cropped images virtual canvas page size and offset is set as if the
				1543	geometry argument was a viewport or window. This means the canvas page size
				1544	is set to exactly the same size you specified, the image offset set
				1545	relative top left corner of the region cropped. </p>
				1546
				1547	<p>If the cropped image 'missed' the actual image on its virtual canvas, a
				1548	special single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, and a 'crop
				1549	missed' warning given. </p>
				1550
cristy	739df91	2009-10-24 16:10:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1551	<p>It might be necessary to <a href="#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the upper-left corner of the visible image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1552
				1553	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1554	<h4><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1555	</div>
				1556
				1557	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image colormap by amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1558
				1559	<p><em class="arg">Amount</em> defines the number of positions each
				1560	colormap entry is shifted.</p>
				1561
				1562
				1563	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1564	<h4><a id="debug"></a>-debug <em class="arg">events</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1565	</div>
				1566
				1567	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>enable debug printout.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1568
				1569	<p>The <kbd>events</kbd> parameter specifies which events are to be logged. It can be either <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>All</kbd>, <kbd>Trace</kbd>, or a comma-separated list consisting of one or more of the following domains: <kbd>Annotate</kbd>, <kbd>Blob</kbd>, <kbd>Cache</kbd>, <kbd>Coder</kbd>, <kbd>Configure</kbd>, <kbd>Deprecate</kbd>, <kbd>Exception</kbd>, <kbd>Locale</kbd>, <kbd>Render</kbd>, <kbd>Resource</kbd>, <kbd>Security</kbd>, <kbd>TemporaryFile</kbd>, <kbd>Transform</kbd>, <kbd>X11</kbd>, or <kbd>User</kbd>. </p>
				1570
				1571
				1572	<p>For example, to log cache and blob events, use.</p>
				1573
				1574	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png</span></p>
				1575	<p>The <kbd>User</kbd> domain is normally empty, but developers can log user events in their private copy of ImageMagick.</p>
				1576
				1577	<p>To print the complete list of debug methods, use <a href="#list">-list debug</a>.</p>
				1578
				1579	<p>Use the <a href="#log">-log</a> option to specify the format for debugging output.</p>
				1580
				1581	<p>Use <a href="#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
				1582
				1583	<p>Debugging may also be set using the <kbd>MAGICK_DEBUG</kbd> <a href="../www/resources.html#environment">environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <kbd>MAGICK_DEBUG</kbd> environment variable are the same as for the <a href="#debug">-debug</a> option.</p>
				1584
				1585
				1586	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1587	<h4><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1588	</div>
				1589
				1590	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1591
				1592	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <em class="arg">filename</em>.</p>
				1593
				1594	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				1595
				1596
				1597	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1598	<h4><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1599	</div>
				1600
				1601	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>find areas that has changed between images </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1602
				1603	<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a href="#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with a smaller image of just the area that changed relative to the previous image. </p>
				1604
				1605	<p>The resulting sequence of images can be used to optimize an animation sequence, though will not work correctly for GIF animations when parts of the animation can go from opaque to transparent. </p>
				1606
				1607	<p>This option is actually equivalent to the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>'. </p>
				1608
				1609
				1610	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1611	<h4><a id="define"></a>-define <em class="arg">key</em>{<em class="arg">=value</em>}<em class="arg">...</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1612	</div>
				1613
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1614	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add specific global settings generally used to control
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1615	coders and image processing operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1616
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1617	<p>This option creates one or more definitions for coders and decoders to use
				1618	while reading and writing image data. Definitions are generally used to
				1619	control image file format coder modules, and image processing operations,
				1620	beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a
				1621	href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format)
				1622	as "Artifacts". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1623
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1624	<p>If <em class="arg">value</em> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
				1625	definition of a flag is created with that name. This used to control on/off
				1626	options. Use <a href="#define">+define key</a> to remove definitions
				1627	previously created. Use <a href="#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
				1628	existing definitions.</p>
				1629
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1630	<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1631	href="#set" >-set "option:<em class="arg">key</em>" "<em class="arg"
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1632	>value</em>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1633	Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
				1634
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1635	<p>The <em>option</em> and <em>key</em> are case-independent (they are
				1636	converted to lowercase for use within the decoders) while the <em>value</em>
				1637	is case-dependent.</p>
				1638
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1639	<p>Such settings are global in scope, and effect all images and operations. </p>
				1640
				1641	<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
				1642	available:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1643
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1644	<dl>
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1645	<dt>dcm:display-range=reset</dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1646	<dd>Set the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1647	DCM image format.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1648
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1649	<dt>dot:layout-engine=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1650	<dd>Set the specify the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g.
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1651	<kbd>neato</kbd>).</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1652
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1653	<dt>jpeg:extent=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1654	<dd>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <kbd>-define
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1655	jpeg:extent=400kb</kbd>.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1656
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1657	<dt>jpeg:size=<em class="arg">geometry</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1658	<dd>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for example, -define jpeg:size=128x128.
				1659	It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1660	requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1661
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1662	<dt>jp2:rate=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1663	<dd>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files. The
				1664	compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The valid
				1665	range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If defined,
				1666	this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting of 75
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1667	results in a rate value of 0.06641.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1668
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1669	<dt>mng:need-cacheoff</dt>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1670	<dd>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1671
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1672	<dt>png:bit-depth=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1673	<dt>png:color-type=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1674	<dd>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
				1675	encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
				1676	normally selected, but only if this does not cause any loss of image
				1677	quality. Any attempt to reduce image quality is treated as an error and no
				1678	PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you
				1679	can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale,
				1680	indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image,
				1681	you cannot force it to be written as a grayscale or indexed PNG. If you
				1682	wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="#depth">-depth</a>,
				1683	<a href="#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="#type">-type</a> directives to
				1684	reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in
				1685	indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1686	which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1687	8-bit depth.</dd>
				1688
				1689	<dt>png:exclude-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1690	<dt>png:include-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1691	<dd>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
				1692
				1693	<p>The<em class="arg">value</em> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
				1694	as <em class="arg">bKGD</em>, a comma-separated list of chunk-types,
				1695	or the word <em class="arg">all</em> or
				1696	the word <em class="arg">none</em>. There must be no spaces in the
				1697	list. Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use
				1698	all lowercase names if you prefer.</p>
				1699
				1700	<p>As a special case, if the <kbd>sRGB</kbd> chunk is excluded and
				1701	the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk is included, the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk will
				1702	only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
				1703	sRGB and gamma=1/2.2 when no colorspace information is included in
				1704	the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
				1705	can achieve this with a single define:</p>
				1706
				1707	<pre class="text">
				1708	-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
				1709	</pre>
				1710
				1711	<p>The critical PNG chunks <kbd>IHDR</kbd>, <kbd>PLTE</kbd>,
				1712	<kbd>IDAT</kbd>, and <kbd>IEND</kbd> cannot be excluded. Any of
				1713	these entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
				1714
				1715	<p>If the ancillary PNG <kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk is excluded and the
				1716	image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
				1717	(GRAY_ALPHA or RGBA). If the image is not transparent, then the
				1718	<kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk isn't written anyhow, and there is no effect
				1719	on the PNG colortype of the output image.</p>
				1720
				1721	<p>The <a href="#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
				1722	following for PNG output:</p>
				1723
				1724	<pre class="text">
				1725	-define png:include-chunk=none,gama
				1726	</pre>
				1727
				1728	<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
				1729	plus ImageMagick's private <kbd>vpAg</kbd> ("virtual page") chunk.</p>
				1730	</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1731
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1732	<dt>ps:imagemask</dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1733	<dd>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will create
				1734	Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript imagemask
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1735	operator instead of the image operator.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1736
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1737	<dt>quantum:format=<em class="arg">type</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1738	<dd>Set the type to <kbd>floating-point</kbd> to specify a floating-point
				1739	format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:) or for MIFF and TIFF images in HDRI mode
				1740	to preserve negative values. If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 16 is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1741	included, the result is a single precision floating point format.
				1742	If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1743	double precision floating point format.</dd>
				1744
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1745	</dl>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1746
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1747	<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
				1748	pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1749
				1750	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps</span></p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1751	<p>Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with
				1752	<kbd>registry:</kbd>. For example, to set a temporary path to put work files,
				1753	use:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1754
				1755	<p class="crtsnip">
				1756	-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
				1757	</p>
				1758
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1759
				1760
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1761	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1762	<h4><a id="delay"></a>-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em> <br />-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em>x<em class="arg">ticks-per-second</em> {<em class="arg"><</em>} {<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1763	</div>
				1764
				1765	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display the next image after pausing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1766
				1767	<p>This option is useful for regulating the animation of image sequences <em>ticks/ticks-per-second</em> seconds must expire before the display of the next image. The default is no delay between each showing of the image sequence. The default ticks-per-second is 100.</p>
				1768
				1769	<p>Use <kbd>></kbd> to change the image delay <em>only</em> if its current value exceeds the given delay. <kbd><</kbd> changes the image delay <em>only</em> if current value is less than the given delay. For example, if you specify <kbd>30></kbd> and the image delay is 20, the image delay does not change. However, if the image delay is 40 or 50, the delay it is changed to 30. Enclose the given delay in quotation marks to prevent the <kbd><</kbd> or <kbd>></kbd> from being interpreted by your shell as a file redirection.</p>
				1770
				1771
				1772	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1773	<h4><a id="delete"></a>-delete <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1774	</div>
				1775
				1776	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>delete the image, specified by its index, from the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1777
				1778	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use <kbd>+delete</kbd> to delete the last image in the current image sequence.</p>
				1779
				1780
				1781	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1782	<h4><a id="density"></a>-density <em class="arg">width</em><br />-density <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1783	</div>
				1784
				1785	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1786
				1787	<p>This option specifies the image resolution to store while encoding a raster image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector formats such as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image resolution provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an output device or raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a href="#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter instead.</p>
				1788
				1789	<p>The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to one point per pixel (Macintosh and Postscript standard). Computer screens are normally 72 or 96 dots per inch, while printers typically support 150, 300, 600, or 1200 dots per inch. To determine the resolution of your display, use a ruler to measure the width of your screen in inches, and divide by the number of horizontal pixels (1024 on a 1024x768 display).</p>
				1790
				1791	<p>If the file format supports it, this option may be used to update the stored image resolution. Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile is not stripped from the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				1792
				1793	<p>The <a href="#density">-density</a> option sets an <em>attribute</em> and does not alter the underlying raster image. It may be used to adjust the rendered size for desktop publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied to the pixels. To resize the image so that it is the same size at a different resolution, use the <a href="#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
				1794
				1795	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1796	<h4><a id="depth"></a>-depth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1797	</div>
				1798
				1799	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>depth of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1800
				1801	<p>This the number of bits in a color sample within a pixel. Use this option to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB, or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
				1802
				1803	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1804	<h4><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1805	</div>
				1806
				1807	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1808
				1809	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1810	<h4><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1811	</div>
				1812
				1813	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1814
				1815	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> <kbd>option:deskew:auto-crop <em>width</em></kbd> to auto crop the image. The set argument is the pixel width of the image background (e.g 40).</p>
				1816
				1817	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1818	<h4><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1819	</div>
				1820
				1821	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the speckles within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1822
				1823	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1824	<h4><a id="direction"></a>-direction <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1825	</div>
				1826
				1827	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1828
				1829	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1830	<h4><a id="displace"></a>-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em><br />-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-scale</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1831	</div>
				1832
				1833	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1834
				1835	<p>With this option, the 'overlay' image, and optionally the 'mask' image,
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1836	is used as a displacement map, which is used to displace the lookup of
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1837	what part of the 'background' image is seen at each point of the overlaid
				1838	area. Much like the displacement map is a 'lens' that redirects light shining
				1839	through it so as to present a distorted view the original 'background' image
				1840	behind it. </p>
				1841
				1842	<p>Any perfect grey areas of the displacement map produce a zero
				1843	displacement of the image. Black areas produce the given maximum negative
				1844	displacement of the lookup point, while white produce a maximum positive
				1845	displacement of the lookup. </p>
				1846
				1847	<p>Note that it is the lookup of the 'background' that is displaced, not a
				1848	displacement of the image itself. As such an area of the displacement map
				1849	containing 'white' will have the lookup point 'shifted' by a positive amount,
				1850	and thus generating a copy of the destination image to the right/downward from
				1851	the correct position. That is the image will look like it may have been
				1852	'shifted' in a negative left/upward direction. Understanding this is a very
				1853	important in understanding how displacement maps work. </p>
				1854
				1855	<p>The given arguments define the maximum amount of displacement in pixels
				1856	that a particular map can produce. If the displacement scale is large enough
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1857	it is also possible to lookup parts of the 'background' image that lie well
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1858	outside the bounds of the displacement map itself. That is you could very
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1859	easily copy a section of the original image from outside the overlay area
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1860	into the overlay area. </p>
				1861
				1862	<p>The '%' flag makes the displacement scale relative to the size of the
				1863	overlay image (100% = half width/height of image). Using '!' switches
				1864	percentage arguments to refer to the destination image size instead.
				1865	these flags were added as of IM v6.5.3-5.</p>
				1866
				1867	<p>Normally a single grayscale displacement map is provided, which with the
				1868	given scaling values will determine a single direction (vector) in which
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1869	displacements can occur (positively or negatively). However, if you also
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1870	specify a third image which is normally used as a <em class="arg">mask</em>,
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1871	the <em class="arg">composite image</em> is used for horizontal X
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1872	displacement, while the <em class="arg">mask image</em> is used for vertical Y
				1873	displacement. This allows you to define completely different displacement
				1874	values for the X and Y directions, and allowing you to lookup any point within
				1875	the <em class="arg">scale</em> bounds. In other words each pixel can lookup
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1876	any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
				1877	than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1878
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1879	<p>Alteratively rather than suppling two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1880	you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
				1881	or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
				1882	</p>
				1883
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1884	<p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1885	mask the transparency of the destination image. However areas outside the
				1886	overlaid areas will not be effected. </p>
				1887
				1888
				1889	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1890	<h4><a id="display"></a>-display <em class="arg">host:display[.screen]</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1891	</div>
				1892
				1893	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies the X server to contact.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1894
				1895	<p>This option is used with convert for obtaining image or font from this X server. See <em class="arg">X(1)</em>.</p>
				1896
				1897	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1898	<h4><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1899	</div>
				1900
				1901	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1902
				1903	<p>The layer disposal method defines the way each the displayed image is to be
				1904	modified after the current 'frame' of an animation has finished being
				1905	displayed (after its 'delay' period), but before the next frame on an
				1906	animation is to be overlaid onto the display. </p>
				1907
				1908	<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
				1909
				1910	<pre class="text">
				1911	Undefined 0 No disposal specified (equivalent to '<kbd>none</kbd>').
				1912	None 1 Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.
				1913	Background 2 Clear the frame area with the background color.
				1914	Previous 3 Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.
				1915	</pre>
				1916
				1917	<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
				1918	uses internally to represent the above settings. </p>
				1919
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1920	<p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="#list">-list dispose</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1921
				1922	<p>Use <a href="#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
				1923	resetting the layer disposal methods of images being read in. </p>
				1924
				1925	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd>dispose</kbd>' method to set the image
				1926	disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
				1927
				1928	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1929	<h4><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1930	</div>
				1931
				1932	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1933
				1934
				1935	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1936	<h4><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <em class="arg">src_percent</em>[x<em class="arg">dst_percent</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1937	</div>
				1938
				1939	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1940
				1941	<p>The opacity of the composite image is multiplied by the given percent, then
				1942	it is composited 'over' the main image. If <em class="arg">src_percent</em>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1943	is greater than 100, start dissolving the main image so it becomes
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1944	transparent at a value of '<kbd class="arg">200</kbd>'. If both percentages
				1945	are given, each image are dissolved to the percentages given. </p>
				1946
				1947	<p>Note that dissolve percentages do not add, two opaque images dissolved
				1948	'50,50', produce a 75% transparency. For a 50% + 50% blending of the two
				1949	images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
				1950
				1951	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1952	<h4><a id="distort"></a>-distort <em class="arg">method arguments</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1953	</div>
				1954
				1955	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>distort an image, using the given <em class="arg">method</em> and its required <em class="arg">arguments</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1956
				1957	<p>The <em class="arg">arguments</em> is a single string containing a list
				1958	of floating point numbers separated by commas or spaces. The number of
				1959	and meaning of the floating point values depends on the distortion <em
				1960	class="arg">method</em> being used. </p>
				1961
				1962	<p>Choose from these distortion types:</p>
				1963
				1964	<table class="doc">
				1965	<tr valign="top">
				1966	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				1967	<th align="left">Description</th>
				1968	</tr>
				1969
				1970	<tr valign="top">
				1971	<td valign="top"><kbd>ScaleRotateTranslate</kbd>
				1972	<br/>or   <kbd>SRT</kbd></td>
				1973	<td valign="top">
				1974	Distort image by first scaling and rotating about a given 'center',
				1975	before translating that 'center' to the new location, in that order. It
				1976	is an alternative method of specifying a '<kbd>Affine</kbd>' type of
				1977	distortion, but without shearing effects. It also provides a good way
				1978	of rotating and displacing a smaller image for tiling onto a larger
				1979	background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
				1980
				1981	The number of arguments determine the specific meaning of each
				1982	argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br/>
				1983
				1984	<table style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">
				1985	<tr><td>#  </td><td>arguments meaning</td></tr>
				1986	<tr><td>1:</td><td><em>Angle_of_Rotation</em></td></tr>
				1987	<tr><td>2:</td><td><em>Scale   Angle</em></td></tr>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1988	<tr><td>3:</td><td><em>X,Y     Angle</em></td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1989	<tr><td>4:</td><td><em>X,Y   Scale   Angle</em></td></tr>
				1990	<tr><td>5:</td>
				1991	<td><em>X,Y   ScaleX,ScaleY   Angle</em></td></tr>
				1992	<tr><td>6:</td>
				1993	<td><em>X,Y   Scale   Angle   NewX,NewY</em></td></tr>
				1994	<tr><td>7:</td>
				1995	<td><em>X,Y   ScaleX,ScaleY   Angle
				1996	NewX,NewY</em></td></tr>
				1997	</table>
				1998
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1999	This is actually an alternative way of specifying a 2 dimensional linear
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2000	'<kbd>Affine</kbd>' or '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' distortion. </td> </tr>
				2001
				2002	<tr valign="top">
				2003	<td valign="top"><kbd>Affine</kbd></td>
				2004	<td valign="top">
				2005	Distort the image linearly by moving a list of at least 3 or more sets
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2006	of control points (as defined below). Ideally 3 sets or 12 floating
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2007	point values are given allowing the image to be linearly scaled,
				2008	rotated, sheared, and translated, according to those three points. See
				2009	also the related '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' and '<kbd>SRT</kbd>'
				2010	distortions. <br/>
				2011
				2012	More than 3 sets given control point pairs (12 numbers) is least
				2013	squares fitted to best match a lineary affine distortion. If only 2
				2014	control point pairs (8 numbers) are given a two point image translation
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2015	rotation and scaling is performed, without any possible shearing,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2016	flipping or changes in aspect ratio to the resulting image. If only one
				2017	control point pair is provides the image is only translated, (which may
				2018	be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
				2019
				2020	This distortion does not include any form of perspective distortion.
				2021	</td>
				2022
				2023	</tr>
				2024
				2025	<tr valign="top">
				2026	<td valign="top"><kbd>AffineProjection</kbd></td>
				2027	<td valign="top">
				2028	Linearly distort an image using the given Affine Matrix of 6
				2029	pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
				2030	the source image to the destination image.
				2031
				2032	<div style="text-align: center"><em>
				2033	s<sub>x</sub>, r<sub>x</sub>,
				2034	r<sub>y</sub>, s<sub>y</sub>,
				2035	t<sub>x</sub>, t<sub>y</sub>
				2036	</em></div>
				2037
				2038	See <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
				2039	meanings of these coefficients. <br/>
				2040
				2041	The distortions '<kbd>Affine</kbd>' and '<kbd>SRT</kbd>' provide
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2042	alternative methods of defining this distortion, with ImageMagick doing
				2043	the calculations needed to generate the required coefficients. You can
				2044	see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a
				2045	href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other varients. </td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2046
				2047	</tr>
				2048
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2049	<tr valign="top">
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2050	<td valign="top"><kbd>BilinearForward</kbd><br/>
				2051	<kbd>BilinearReverse</kbd></td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2052	<td valign="top">
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2053	Bilinear Distortion, given a minimum of 4 sets of coordinate pairs, or
				2054	16 values (see below). Not that lines may not appear straight after
				2055	distortion, though the distance between coordinates will remain
				2056	consistent. <br/>
				2057
				2058	The '<kbd>BilinearForward</kbd>' is used to map rectangles to any
				2059	quadrilateral, while the '<kbd>BilinearReverse</kbd>' form maps any
				2060	quadrilateral to a rectangle, while preserving the straigth line edges
				2061	in each case. <br/>
				2062
				2063	Note that '<kbd>BilinearForward</kbd>' can generate invalid pixels
				2064	which will be colored using the <a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a>
				2065	color setting. Also if the quadraterial becomes 'flipped' the image
				2066	may dissappear. <br/>
				2067
				2068	There are future plans to produce a true Bilinear distortion that will
				2069	attempt to map any quadrilateral to any other quadrilateral, while
				2070	preserving edges (and edge distance ratios).
				2071
				2072	</td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2073	</tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2074
				2075	<tr valign="top">
				2076	<td valign="top"><kbd>Perspective</kbd></td>
				2077	<td valign="top">
				2078	Perspective distort the images, using a list of 4 or more sets of
				2079	control points (as defined below). More that 4 sets (16 numbers) of
				2080	control points provide least squares fitting for more accurate
				2081	distortions (for the purposes of image registration and panarama
				2082	effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a '<kbd>Affine</kbd>'
				2083	linear distortion. <br/>
				2084
				2085	Perspective Distorted images ensures that straight lines remain
				2086	straight, but the scale of the distorted image will vary. The horizon
				2087	is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
				2088	<a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting. </td>
				2089	</tr>
				2090
				2091	<tr valign="top">
				2092	<td valign="top"><kbd>PerspectiveProjection</kbd>  </td>
				2093	<td valign="top">
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2094	Do a '<kbd>Perspective</kbd>' distortion biased on a set of 8
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2095	pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
				2096	at the <a href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
				2097	'<kbd>Prespective</kbd>' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
				2098	If the last two perspective scaling coefficients are zero, the
				2099	remaining 6 represents a transposed 'Affine Matrix'. </td>
				2100
				2101	</tr>
				2102
				2103	<tr valign="top">
				2104	<td valign="top"><kbd>Arc</kbd></td>
				2105	<td valign="top">
				2106	Arc the image (variation of polar mapping) over the angle given around
				2107	a circle. <br/>
				2108	<table width="90%" style = "margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
				2109	<tr valign="top"><td>Argument</td>
				2110	<td>Meaning</td></tr>
				2111	<tr valign="top"><td><em>arc_angle</em></td>
				2112	<td>The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</td></tr>
				2113	<tr valign="top"><td><em>rotate_angle</em></td>
				2114	<td>Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</td></tr>
				2115	<tr valign="top"><td><em>top_radius</em></td>
				2116	<td>Set top edge of source image at this radius</td></tr>
				2117	<tr valign="top"><td><em>bottom_radius</em> </td>
				2118	<td>Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</td></tr>
				2119	</table>
				2120
				2121	The resulting image is always resized to best fit the resulting image,
				2122	(as if using <a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
				2123	preserve scale and aspect ratio of the original image as much as
				2124	possible with the arguments given by the user. All four arguments will
				2125	be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br/>
				2126
				2127	This a variation of a polar distortion designed to try to preserve the
				2128	aspect ratio of the image rather than direct Cartesian to Polar
				2129	conversion. </td>
				2130	</tr>
				2131
				2132	<tr valign="top">
				2133	<td valign="top"><kbd>Polar</kbd></td>
				2134	<td valign="top">
				2135	Like '<kbd>Arc</kbd>' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
				2136	the image. that is the height of the input image is mapped to the
				2137	radius limits, while the width is wrapped around between the
				2138	angle limits. <br/>
				2139
				2140	Arguments: <em>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</em> <br/>
				2141
				2142	All arguments are optional. With <em>Rmin</em> defaulting to zero, the
				2143	center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
				2144	to +180 (top). If <em>Rmax</em> is given the special value of
				2145	'<code>0</code>', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
				2146	is used for the radius of the output image, which will ensure the whole
				2147	image is visible (though scaled smaller). However a special value of
				2148	'<code>-1</code>' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
				2149	corner, This may 'clip' the corners from the input rectangular image,
				2150	but will generate the exact reverse of a '<kbd>DePolar</kbd>' with
				2151	the same arguments. <br/>
				2152
				2153	If the plus form of distort (<a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
				2154	output image center will default to <code>0,0</code> of the virtual
				2155	canvas, and the image size adjusted to ensure the whole input image is
				2156	made visible in the output image on the virtual canvas. </td>
				2157
				2158	</tr>
				2159
				2160	<tr valign="top">
				2161	<td valign="top"><kbd>DePolar</kbd></td>
				2162	<td valign="top">
				2163	Uses the same arguments and meanings as a '<kbd>Polar</kbd>' distortion
				2164	but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br/>
				2165
				2166	The special <em>Rmax</em> setting of '<code>0</code>' may however clip
				2167	the corners of the input image. However using the special
				2168	<em>Rmax</em> setting of '<code>-1</code>' (maximum center to corner
				2169	distance) will ensure the whole distorted image is preserved in the
				2170	generated result, so that the same argument to '<kbd>Polar</kbd>' will
				2171	reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
				2172
				2173	Note that as this distortion requires the area resampling of a circular
				2174	arc, which can not be handled by the builtin EWA resampling function.
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2175	As such the normal EWA filters are turned off. It is recommended some
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2176	form of 'super-sampling' image processing technique be used to produce
				2177	a high quality result. </td>
				2178
				2179	</tr>
				2180
				2181	<tr valign="top">
				2182	<td valign="top"><kbd>Barrel</kbd></td>
				2183	<td valign="top">
				2184	Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
				2185	href="http://www.all-in-one.ee/~dersch/barrel/barrel.html" >Helmut
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2186	Dersch</a>, perform a barrell or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2187	correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
				2188	lines straight again. <br/>
				2189
				2190	Arguments: <em>A   B   C</em>   [ <em>D</em>   [
				2191	<em>X</em> , <em>Y</em> ] ] <br/>
				2192	or <em>A<sub>x</sub> B<sub>x</sub> C<sub>x</sub> D<sub>x</sub>
				2193	A<sub>y</sub> B<sub>y</sub> C<sub>y</sub> D<sub>y</sub></em>
				2194	[ <em>X</em> , <em>Y</em> ] <br/>
				2195	So that it forms the function <br/>
				2196	Rsrc = r * ( <em>A</em>r<sup>3</sup> + <em>B</em>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2197	<em>C</em>*r + <em>D</em> )<br/>
				2198
				2199	Where <em>X</em>,<em>Y</em> is the optional center of the distortion
				2200	(defaulting to the center of the image). <br/>
				2201	The second form is typically used to distort images, rather than
				2202	correct lens distortions. <br/>
				2203	</td>
				2204
				2205	</tr>
				2206
				2207	<tr valign="top">
				2208	<td valign="top"><kbd>BarrelInverse</kbd></td>
				2209	<td valign="top">
				2210	This is very simular to '<kbd>Barrel</kbd>' with the same set of
				2211	arguments, and argument handling. However it uses the inverse
				2212	of the radial polynomial,
				2213	so that it forms the function <br/>
				2214	Rsrc = r / ( <em>A</em>r<sup>3</sup> + <em>B</em>r<sup>2</sup> +
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2215	<em>C</em>*r + <em>D</em> )<br/>
				2216	Note that this is not the reverse of the '<kbd>Barrel</kbd>'
				2217	distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
				2218
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2219	</td>
				2220	</tr>
				2221
				2222	<tr valign="top">
				2223	<td valign="top"><kbd>Shepards</kbd></td>
				2224	<td valign="top">
				2225	Distort the given list control points (any number) using an Inverse
				2226	Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2227	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method" >Shepards
				2228	Method</a>). The control points in effect do 'localized' displacement
				2229	of the image around the given control point (preserving the look and
				2230	the rotation of the area near the control points. For best results
				2231	extra control points should be added to 'lock' the positions of the
				2232	corners, edges and other unchanging parts of the image, to prevent
				2233	their movement. <br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2234
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2235	The distortion has been likened to 'taffy pulling' using nails, or
				2236	pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
				2237	position, distorting te surface of the jelly. <br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2238
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2239	Internally it is equivelent to generating a displacement map (see <a
				2240	href="#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
				2241	the <a href="#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
				2242
				2243	</td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2244	</tr>
				2245
				2246	</table>
				2247
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2248	<p>To print a complete list of distortion methods, use <a href="#list">-list
				2249	distort</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2250
				2251	<p>Many of the above distortion methods such as '<kbd>Affine</kbd>',
				2252	'<kbd>Perspective</kbd>', and '<kbd>Shepards</kbd>' use a list control points
				2253	defining how these points in the given image should be distorted in the
				2254	destination image. Each set of four floating point values represent a source
				2255	image coordinate, followed immediately by the destination image coordinate.
				2256	This produces a list of values such as...</p>
				2257	<div style="text-align: center"><em>
				2258	U<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>1</sub> X<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>1</sub>
				2259	U<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>2</sub> X<sub>2</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>
				2260	U<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub>,Y<sub>3</sub>
				2261	...
				2262	U<sub>n</sub>,V<sub>n</sub> X<sub>n</sub>,Y<sub>n</sub>
				2263	</em></div>
				2264	<p>where <em>U,V</em> on the source image is mapped to <em>X,Y</em> on the
				2265	destination image. </p>
				2266
				2267	<p>For example, to warp an image using '<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion,
				2268	needs a list of at least 4 sets of coordinates, or 16 numbers. Here is the
				2269	perspective distortion of the built-in "rose:" image. Note how spaces were
				2270	used to group the 4 sets of coordinate pairs, to make it easier to read and
				2271	understand.</p>
				2272
				2273	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2274	convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \<br/>
				2275	-distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \<br/>
				2276	rose_3d_rotated.gif</span></p>
				2277	<p>If more that the required number of coordinate pairs are given for
				2278	a distortion, the distortion method is 'least squares' fitted to produce the
				2279	best result for all the coordinate pairs given. If less than the ideal number
				2280	of points are given, the distort will generally fall back to a simpler form of
				2281	distortion that can handles the smaller number of coordinates (usally a linear
				2282	'<kbd>Affine</kbd>' distortion). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2283
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2284	<p>By using more coordinates you can make use of image registration tool to
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2285	find matching coordinate pairs in overlapping images, so as to improve the
				2286	'fit' of the distortion. Of course a bad coordinate pair can also make the
				2287	'fit' worse. Caution is always advised. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2288
				2289	<p>Colors are acquired from the source image according to the <a
				2290	href="#interpolate" >-interpolate</a> color lookup setting, when the image is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2291	magnified. However if the viewed image is minified (image becomes smaller),
				2292	a special area resampling function (added ImageMagick v6.3.5-9), is used to
				2293	produce a higher quality image. For example you can use
				2294	a '<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion to view a infinitely tiled 'plane' all
				2295	the way to the horizon. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2296
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2297	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>
				2298	convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \<br/>
				2299	-distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \<br/>
				2300	checks_tiled.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2301	<p>Note that a infinitely tiled perspective images involving the horizon can
				2302	be very slow to generate due to the use of the high quality 'area resampling'
				2303	function (added ImageMagick v6.3.5-9). You can turn off 'area resampling'
				2304	using a <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting of '<kbd>point</kbd>'
				2305	(recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead). </p>
				2306
				2307	<p>If an image generates <i>invalid pixels</i>, such as the 'sky' in the last
				2308	'<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion example, <a href="#distort" >-distort</a>
				2309	will use the current <a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting for these
				2310	pixels. If you do not what these pixels to be visible, set the color to match
				2311	the rest of the ground. </p>
				2312
				2313	<p>The output image size will by default be the same as the input image. This
				2314	means that if the part of the distorted image falls outside the viewed area of
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2315	the 'distorted space', those parts is clipped and lost. However if you use
				2316	the plus form of the operator (<a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) the operator
				2317	will attempt (if possible) to show the whole of the distorted image, while
				2318	retaining a correct 'virtual canvas' offset, for image layering. This offset
				2319	may need to be removed using <a href="#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if it
				2320	is unwanted. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2321
				2322	<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<kbd><a href="#set" >-set</a>
				2323	option:distort:viewport {geometry_string}</kbd>" setting which will specify
				2324	the size and the offset of the generated 'viewport' image of the distorted
				2325	image space.</p>
				2326
				2327	<p>Adding a "<kbd><a href="#set" >-set</a> option:distort:scale
				2328	{scale_factor}</kbd>" will scale the output image (viewport or otherwise) by
				2329	that factor without changing the viewed contents of the distorted image. This
				2330	can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for a higher quality result,
				2331	or for panning and zooming around the image (with appropriate viewport
				2332	changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
				2333
				2334	<p>Setting <a href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
				2335	href="#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
				2336	and the <a href="#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
				2337	and debugging purposes. This many not be available for all distorts. </p>
				2338
				2339	<p>Affine rotations and shears (such as '<kbd>SRT</kbd>' distortion), tend to
				2340	produce a cleaner result that the equivalent <a href="#rotate" >-rotate</a>
				2341	and/or <a href="#shear" >-shear</a> operation, with more control of due to the
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2342	above settings. It is algorithmically slower however, though that may not be
				2343	the case in ImageMagick's implementation. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2344
				2345
				2346	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2347	<h4><a id="dither"></a>-dither <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2348	</div>
				2349
				2350	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to images when general color reduction is applied via an option, or automagically when saving to specific formats. This enabled by default. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2351
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2352	<p>Dithering places two or more colors in neighboring pixels so that to the eye a closer approximation of the images original color is reproduced. This reduces the number of colors needed to reproduce the image but at the cost of a lower level pattern of colors. Error diffusion dithers can use any set of colors (generated or user defined) to an image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2353
				2354	<p>Dithering is turned on by default, to turn it off use the plus form of the
				2355	setting, <a href="#dither">+dither</a>. This will also also render PostScript
				2356	without text or graphic aliasing. Disabling dithering often (but not always)
				2357	leads to faster process, a smaller number of colors, but more cartoon like
				2358	image coloring. Generally resulting in 'color banding' effects in areas with
				2359	color gradients. </p>
				2360
				2361	<p>The color reduction operators <a href="#colors">-colors</a>, <a
				2362	href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="#remap ">-remap</a>, and <a href="#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced color set they created. These operators are also used as part of automatic color reduction when saving images to formats with limited color support, such as <kbd>GIF:</kbd>, <kbd>XBM:</kbd>, and others, so dithering may also be used in these cases. </p>
				2363
				2364	<p>Alternatively you can use <a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a> to generate purely random dither. Or use <a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither patterns, using uniform color maps, rather than specific color maps. </p>
				2365
				2366
				2367	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2368	<h4><a id="draw"></a>-draw <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2369	</div>
				2370
				2371	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2372
				2373	<p>Use this option to annotate or decorate an image with one or more graphic primitives. The primitives include shapes, text, transformations, and pixel operations.</p>
				2374
				2375	<p>The shape primitives:</p>
				2376
				2377	<pre class="text">
				2378	point x,y
				2379	line x0,y0 x1,y1
				2380	rectangle x0,y0 x1,y1
				2381	roundRectangle x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc
				2382	arc x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1
				2383	ellipse x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1
				2384	circle x0,y0 x1,y1
				2385	polyline x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2386	polygon x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2387	bezier x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2388	path path specification
				2389	image operator x0,y0 w,h filename
				2390	</pre>
				2391
				2392	<p>The text primitive:</p>
				2393
				2394	<pre class="text">
				2395	text x0,y0 string
				2396	</pre>
				2397	<p>The text gravity primitive:</p>
				2398
				2399	<pre class="text">
				2400	gravity NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center,
				2401	East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast
				2402	</pre>
				2403
				2404	<p>The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and does not interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in scope to the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
				2405
				2406	<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
				2407
				2408	<pre class="text">
				2409	rotate degrees
				2410	translate dx,dy
				2411	scale sx,sy
				2412	skewX degrees
				2413	skewY degrees
				2414	</pre>
				2415
				2416	<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
				2417
				2418	<pre class="text">
				2419	color x0,y0 method
				2420	matte x0,y0 method
				2421	</pre>
				2422
				2423	<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a href="#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a href="#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the "outline" of a shape) with the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
				2424
				2425	<p>A <kbd>point</kbd> primitive is specified by a single <em>point</em> in the pixel plane, that is, by an ordered pair of integer coordinates, <em>x</em>,<em>y</em>. (As it involves only a single pixel, a <kbd>point</kbd> primitive is not affected by <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
				2426
				2427	<p>A <kbd>line</kbd> primitive requires a start point and end point.</p>
				2428
				2429	<p>A <kbd>rectangle</kbd> primitive is specified by the pair of points at the upper left and lower right corners.</p>
				2430
				2431	<p>A <kbd>roundRectangle</kbd> primitive takes the same corner points as a <kbd>rectangle</kbd> followed by the width and height of the rounded corners to be removed.</p>
				2432
				2433	<p>The <kbd>circle</kbd> primitive makes a disk (filled) or circle (unfilled). Give the center and any point on the perimeter (boundary).</p>
				2434
				2435	<p>The <kbd>arc</kbd> primitive is used to inscribe an elliptical segment in to a given rectangle. An <kbd>arc</kbd> requires the two corners used for <kbd>rectangle</kbd> (see above) followed by the start and end angles of the arc of the segment segment (e.g. 130,30 200,100 45,90). The start and end points produced are then joined with a line segment and the resulting segment of an ellipse is filled.</p>
				2436
				2437	<p>Use <kbd>ellipse</kbd> to draw a partial (or whole) ellipse. Give the center point, the horizontal and vertical "radii" (the <em>semi-axes</em> of the ellipse) and start and end angles in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150 0,360).</p>
				2438
				2439	<p>The <kbd>polyline</kbd> and <kbd>polygon</kbd> primitives require three or more points to define their perimeters. A <kbd>polyline</kbd> is simply a <kbd>polygon</kbd> in which the final point is not stroked to the start point. When unfilled, this is a <em>polygonal line</em>. If the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <kbd>none</kbd> (the default), then a <kbd>polyline</kbd> is identical to a <kbd>polygon</kbd>.
				2440	</p>
				2441
				2442	<p>A <em>coordinate</em> is a pair of integers separated by a space or optional comma. </p>
				2443
				2444	<p>As an example, to define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to 150,150 use:</p>
				2445
				2446	<p class="crtsnip">
				2447	-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
				2448	</p>
				2449
				2450	<p>The <kbd>Bezier</kbd> primitive creates a spline curve and requires three or points to define its shape. The first and last points are the <em>knots</em> and these points are attained by the curve, while any intermediate coordinates are <em>control points</em>. If two control points are specified, the line between each end knot and its sequentially respective control point determines the tangent direction of the curve at that end. If one control point is specified, the lines from the end knots to the one control point determines the tangent directions of the curve at each end. If more than two control points are specified, then the additional control points act in combination to determine the intermediate shape of the curve. In order to
				2451	draw complex curves, it is highly recommended either to use the <kbd>path</kbd> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with the start and end knots of each successive segment repeated. For example:</p>
				2452
				2453	<p class="crtsnip">
				2454	-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
				2455	</p>
				2456	<p class="crtsnip">
				2457	-draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
				2458	</p>
				2459
				2460
				2461	<p>A <kbd>path</kbd> represents an outline of an object, defined in terms of moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line), curveto (draw a Bezier curve), arc (elliptical or circular arc) and closepath (close the current shape by drawing a line to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths (i.e., a path with subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by one or more line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as <em>donut holes</em> in objects. (See <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
				2462
				2463	<p>Use <kbd>image</kbd> to composite an image with another image. Follow the image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size, and filename:</p>
				2464
				2465	<p class="crtsnip">
				2466	-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
				2467	</p>
				2468
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2469	<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
				2470	dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
				2471	dimensions. See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				2472	a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2473
				2474	<p>Use <kbd>text</kbd> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in single or double quotes.</p>
				2475
				2476	<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <kbd>Works like magick!</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd>. </p>
				2477
				2478	<p class="crtsnip">
				2479	-draw 'text 100,100 "Works like magick!"'
				2480	</p>
				2481
				2482	<p>See the <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way to annotate an image with text.</p>
				2483
				2484	<p>The <kbd>rotate</kbd> primitive rotates subsequent shape primitives and text primitives about the origin of the main image. If the <a href="#region">-region</a> option precedes the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option, the origin for transformations is the upper left corner of the region.</p>
				2485
				2486	<p>The <kbd>translate</kbd> primitive translates subsequent shape and text primitives.</p>
				2487
				2488	<p>The <kbd>scale</kbd> primitive scales them.</p>
				2489
				2490	<p>The <kbd>skewX</kbd> and <kbd>skewY</kbd> primitives skew them with respect to the origin of the main image or the region.</p>
				2491
				2492	<p>The transformations modify the current affine matrix, which is initialized from the initial affine matrix defined by the <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option. Transformations are cumulative within the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option. The initial affine matrix is not affected; that matrix is only changed by the appearance of another <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option. If another <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option appears, the current affine matrix is reinitialized from the initial affine
				2493	matrix.</p>
				2494
				2495	<p>Use the <kbd>color</kbd> primitive to change the color of a pixel to the fill color (see <a href="#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate with a method:</p>
				2496
				2497	<pre class="text">
				2498	point
				2499	replace
				2500	floodfill
				2501	filltoborder
				2502	reset
				2503	</pre>
				2504
				2505	<p>Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The <kbd>point</kbd> method recolors the target pixel. The <kbd>replace</kbd> method recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <kbd>Floodfill</kbd> recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <kbd>filltoborder</kbd> recolors any neighbor pixel that is not the border color. Finally, <kbd>reset</kbd> recolors all pixels.</p>
				2506
				2507	<p>Use <kbd>matte</kbd> to the change the pixel matte value to transparent. Follow the pixel coordinate with a method (see the <kbd>color</kbd> primitive for a description of methods). The <kbd>point</kbd> method changes the matte value of the target pixel. The <kbd>replace</kbd> method changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <kbd>Floodfill</kbd> changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <kbd>filltoborder</kbd> changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <kbd>reset</kbd> changes the matte value of all pixels.</p>
				2508
				2509	<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a href="#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="#font">-font</a>, and <a href="#box">-box</a> respectively. Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use these options <em>before</em> the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
				2510
				2511	<p>Strings that begin with a number must be quoted (e.g. use '1.png' rather than 1.png).</p>
				2512
				2513	<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="../www/magick-vector-graphics.html">Magick Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
				2514
				2515
				2516	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2517	<h4><a id="edge"></a>-edge <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2518	</div>
				2519
				2520	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect edges within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2521
				2522	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2523	<h4><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2524	</div>
				2525
				2526	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>emboss an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2527
				2528	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2529	<h4><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2530	</div>
				2531
				2532	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2533
				2534	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <em class="arg">filename</em>.</p>
				2535
				2536	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				2537
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2538
				2539
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2540	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2541	<h4><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2542	</div>
				2543
				2544	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the text encoding.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2545
				2546	<p>Choose from <kbd>AdobeCustom</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeExpert</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeStandard</kbd>, <kbd>AppleRoman</kbd>, <kbd>BIG5</kbd>, <kbd>GB2312</kbd>, <kbd>Latin 2</kbd>, <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>SJIScode</kbd>, <kbd>Symbol</kbd>, <kbd>Unicode</kbd>, <kbd>Wansung</kbd>.</p>
				2547
				2548	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2549	<h4><a id="endian"></a>-endian <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2550	</div>
				2551
				2552	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify endianness (<kbd>MSB</kbd> or <kbd>LSB</kbd>) of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2553
				2554	<p>To print a complete list of endian types, use the <a href="#list">-list endian</a> option.</p>
				2555
				2556	<p>Use <a href="#endian">+endian</a> to revert to unspecified endianness.</p>
				2557
				2558
				2559	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2560	<h4><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2561	</div>
				2562
				2563	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2564
				2565
				2566	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2567	<h4><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2568	</div>
				2569
				2570	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2571
				2572	<p>To perform histogram equalization on all channels in concert, transform the image into some other color space, such as HSL, OHTA, YIQ or YUV, then equalize the appropriate intensity-like channel, then convert back to RGB.</p>
				2573
				2574	<p>For example using HSL, we have: ... <kbd>-colorspace HSL -channel lightness -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
				2575
				2576	<p>For YIQ, YUV and OHTA use the red channel. For example, OHTA is a principal components transformation that puts most of the information in the first channel. Here we have ... <kbd>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
				2577
				2578	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2579	<h4><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <em class="arg">operator value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2580	</div>
				2581
				2582	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2583
				2584	<p>(See the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator for some multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more elaborate calculations are needed.)</p>
				2585
				2586	<p>The behaviors of each <em class="arg">operator</em> are summarized in the following list. For brevity, the numerical value of a "pixel" referred to below is the value of the corresponding channel of that pixel, while a "normalized pixel" is that number divided by the maximum (installation-dependent) value <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>. (If normalized pixels are used, they are restored, following the other calculations, to the full range by multiplying by <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.)</p>
				2587
				2588	<table class="doc">
				2589	<col width="25%" />
				2590	<col width="75%" />
				2591	<thead>
				2592	<tr>
				2593	<th><em class="arg">operator</em></th>
				2594	<th>Summary (see further below for details)</th>
				2595	</tr>
				2596	</thead>
				2597	<tbody>
				2598
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2599	<tr><td>Abs </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels and return absolute value. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2600	<tr><td>Add </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels. </td></tr>
				2601	<tr><td>AddModulus </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels modulo <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</td></tr>
				2602	<tr><td>And </td> <td>Binary AND of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2603	<tr><td>Cos, Cosine </td> <td>Apply cosine to pixels with frequency <em class="arg">value</em> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				2604	<tr><td>Divide </td> <td>Divide pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2605	<tr><td>Exp </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				2606	<tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2607	<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
				2608	<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
				2609	<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Clip pixels at lower bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2610	<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <em class="arg">value</em> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
cristy	61365ad	2010-11-28 02:38:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2611	<tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2612	<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Clip pixels at upper bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2613	<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2614	<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2615	<tr><td>Pow </td> <td>Raise normalized pixels to the power <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2616	<tr><td>RightShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values right by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., divide pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
				2617	<tr><td>Set </td> <td>Set pixel equal to <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2618	<tr><td>Sin, Sine </td> <td>Apply sine to pixels with frequency <em class="arg">value</em> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				2619	<tr><td>Subtract </td> <td>Subtract <em class="arg">value</em> from pixels.</td></tr>
				2620	<tr><td>Xor </td> <td>Binary XOR of pixels with <em class="arg">value.</em></td></tr>
				2621
				2622	<tr><td> </td></tr>
				2623
				2624	<tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td></tr>
				2625	<tr><td>Impulse-noise</td></tr>
				2626	<tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td></tr>
				2627	<tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="#noise" >-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
				2628	<tr><td>PoissonNoise</td></tr>
				2629	<tr><td>Uniform-noise</td></tr>
				2630
				2631	<tr><td> </td></tr>
				2632
				2633	<tr><td>Threshold </td> <td>Threshold pixels larger than <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2634	<tr><td>ThresholdBlack </td> <td>Threshold pixels to zero values equal to or below <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2635	<tr><td>ThresholdWhite </td> <td>Threshold pixels to maximum values above <em class="arg">value</em>. </td></tr>
				2636	</tbody>
				2637	</table>
				2638
				2639	<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a
				2640	href="#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
				2641	calculations are truncated (clipped) to fit in the interval [0, <em
				2642	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. The transparency channel of the image is
				2643	represented as a 'alpha' values (0 = fully transparent), so, for example, a
				2644	<kbd>Divide</kbd> by 2 of the alpha channel will make the image
				2645	semi-transparent. Append the percent symbol '<kbd>%</kbd>' to specify a value
				2646	as a percentage of the <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
				2647
				2648	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operators, use
				2649	<a href="#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
				2650
				2651	<p>The results of the <kbd>Add</kbd>, <kbd>Subtract</kbd> and
				2652	<kbd>Multiply</kbd> methods can also be achieved using either the <a
				2653	href="#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="#level" >+level</a> operator, with
				2654	appropriate argument, to linearly modify the overall range of color values.
				2655	Please note, however, that <a href="#level" >-level</a> treats transparency as
				2656	'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="#level" >-evaluate</a> works with
				2657	'alpha' values.</p>
				2658
				2659	<p><kbd>AddModulus</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides addition modulo the <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>. It is therefore equivalent to <kbd>Add</kbd> unless the resulting pixel value is outside the interval [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. </p>
				2660
cristy	ce66ab1	2010-10-21 23:36:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2661	<p><kbd>Exp or Exponential</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.6.5-1 and works on normalized pixel values. The <em class="arg">value</em> used with <kbd>Exp</kbd> should be negative so as to produce a decaying exponential function. Non-negative values will always produce results larger unity and thus outside the interval [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. The formula is expressed below. </p>
				2662
				2663	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2664	exp(<em class="arg">value</em> × <b><em>u</em></b>)
				2665	</div>
				2666
				2667	<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a
				2668	href="#-function" >-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be the result.</p>
				2669
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2670	<p><kbd>Log</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on normalized pixel values. This a <em>scaled</em> log function. The <em class="arg">value</em> used with <kbd>Log</kbd> provides a <em>scaling factor</em> that adjusts the curvature in the graph of the log function. The formula applied to a normalized value <b><em>u</em></b> is below. </p>
				2671
				2672	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2673	log(<em class="arg">value</em> × <b><em>u</em></b> + 1) / log(<em class="arg">value</em> + 1)
				2674	</div>
				2675
				2676	<p><kbd>Pow</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
				2677	normalized pixel values. Note that <kbd>Pow</kbd> is related to the <a
				2678	href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
				2679	to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
				2680	with <a href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
				2681	with <kbd>Pow</kbd>.</p>
				2682
				2683	<p><kbd>Cosine</kbd> and <kbd>Sine</kbd> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
				2684	converts the image values into a value according to a (co)sine wave function.
				2685	The synonyms <kbd>Cos</kbd> and <kbd>Sin</kbd> may also be used. The output
				2686	is biased 50% and normalized by 50% so as to fit in the respective color value
				2687	range. The <em class="arg">value</em> scaling of the <em>period</em> of the
				2688	function (its frequency), and thus determines the number of 'waves' that will
				2689	be generated over the input color range. For example, if the <em
				2690	class="arg">value</em> is 1, the effective period is simply the <em
				2691	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>; but if the <em class="arg">value</em> is 2,
				2692	then the effective period is the <em>half</em> the <em
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2693	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2694
				2695	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2696	0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><em>u</em></b> × <em class="arg">value</em>).
				2697	</div>
				2698
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2699	<p>See also the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
				2700	multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2701
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2702	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2703	<h4><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2704	</div>
				2705
				2706	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression over a sequence of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2707
				2708	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2709	<h4><a id="extent"></a>-extent <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2710	</div>
				2711
				2712	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image size and offset.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2713
cristy	3e2860c	2010-01-24 01:36:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2714	<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color. To position the image, use offsets in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> specification or precede with a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="#compose" >-compose</a>.</p>
cristy	549177c	2010-11-11 13:51:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2715	<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
				2716	display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
				2717	image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
				2718
				2719	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \ <br /> -gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg</span></p>
				2720
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2721
				2722	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				2723
				2724	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2725	<h4><a id="extract"></a>-extract <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2726	</div>
				2727
				2728	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Extract the specified area from image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2729
				2730	<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
				2731
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2732	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p><p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2733
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2734	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2735	<p>the image is <em>resized</em> to the specified dimensions instead,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2736	equivalent to:</p>
				2737
				2738	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png</span></p>
				2739	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				2740
				2741	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2742	<h4><a id="family"></a>-family <em class="arg">fontFamily</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2743	</div>
				2744
				2745	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font family for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2746
				2747	<p>This setting suggests a font family that ImageMagick should try to use for rendering text. If the family can be found it is used; if not, a default font (e.g., "Arial") or a family known to be similar is substituted (e.g., "Courier" might be used if "System" is requested but not found).
				2748	</p>
				2749
				2750	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>.
				2751	</p>
				2752
				2753	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2754	<h4><a id="features"></a>-features <em class="arg">distance</em></h4>
cristy	7396d88	2010-01-27 02:37:56 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2755	</div>
				2756
				2757	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2758
				2759	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2760	<h4><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2761	</div>
				2762
				2763	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2764
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2765	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal (spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2766
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2767	<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated into a two-component image representation. The first component is the magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex number. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2768
				2769	<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF, PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
				2770
				2771	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff</span></p>
				2772	<p>generates a magnitude image as <kbd>fft_image.miff[0]</kbd> and a phase image as <kbd>fft_image.miff[1]</kbd>. Similarly,</p>
				2773
				2774	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -fft fft_image.png</span></p>
				2775	<p>generates a magnitude image as <kbd>fft_image-0.png</kbd> and a phase image as <kbd>fft_image-1.png</kbd>. If you prefer this representation, then you can force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
				2776
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2777	<p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it is padded automagically to the larger of the width or height of the input image and to an even number of pixels. The padding will occur at the bottom and/or right sides of the input image. The resulting output magnitude and phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2778
				2779	<p>Both output components will have dynamic ranges that fit within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>], so that HDRI need not be enabled. Phase values nominally range from 0 to 2*π, but for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick, the phase image is scaled to span the full dynamic range. The magnitude image is not scaled and thus generally will contain very small values. As such, the image normally will appear totally black. In order to view any detail, the magnitude image typically is enhanced with a log function into what is usually called the spectrum. A log function is used to enhance the darker values more in comparison to the lighter values. This can be done, for example, as follows:</p>
				2780
				2781	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \ <br />
				2782	-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png</span></p>
				2783	<p>where the <a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 is used to scale the image to full dynamic range, first. The argument to the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more visible detail. Too much detail, however, may hide the important features.</p>
				2784
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2785	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2786
				2787	<p>Use <a href="#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the real and imaginary components of the complex valued Fourier transform.</p>
				2788
				2789	<p>However, as the real and imaginary components can contain negative values, this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must use either MIFF, TIF or PFM formats for the real and imaginary component results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part.</p>
				2790
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2791	<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a href="#fft">+fft</a> is also square, even dimensioned images due to the same padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component images.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2792
				2793	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
				2794	<a href="/www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
				2795	</p>
				2796
				2797
				2798	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2799	<h4><a id="fill"></a>-fill <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2800	</div>
				2801
				2802	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2803
				2804	<p>This option accepts a color name, a hex color, or a numerical RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="../www/color.html">Color Names</a> for a description of how to properly specify the color argument.</p>
				2805
				2806	<p>Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#" or the parentheses from being interpreted by your shell.</p>
				2807
				2808	<p>For example,</p>
				2809
				2810	<p class="crtsnip">
				2811	-fill blue
				2812	</p>
				2813	<p class="crtsnip">
				2814	-fill "#ddddff"
				2815	</p>
				2816	<p class="crtsnip">
				2817	-fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
				2818	</p>
				2819
				2820	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				2821
				2822	<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
				2823
				2824	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2825	<h4><a id="filter"></a>-filter <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2826	</div>
				2827
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2828	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use this <em class="arg">type</em> of filter when resizing or
				2829	distorting an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2830
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2831	<p>Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image during
				2832	operations such as <a href="#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="#distort"
				2833	>-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2834
				2835	<pre class="text">
				2836	Point Hermite Cubic
				2837	Box Gaussian Catrom
				2838	Triangle Quadratic Mitchell
				2839	</pre>
				2840
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2841	<p>The <kbd>Bessel</kbd> and <kbd>Sinc</kbd> filter is also provided (as well
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2842	as a faster <kbd>SincFast</kbd> equivalent form). However these filters are
				2843	generally useless on their own as they are infinite filters that are being
				2844	clipped to the filters support size. Their direct use is not recommended
				2845	except via expert settings (see below). </p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2846
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2847	<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2848	function that the <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
				2849	using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
				2850	operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2851
				2852	<pre class="text">
				2853	Lanczos Hamming Parzen
				2854	Blackman Kaiser Welsh
				2855	Hanning Bartlett Bohman
				2856	</pre>
				2857
				2858	<p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
				2859	<kbd>Lagrange</kbd>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
				2860	on the current 'support' or 'lobes' expert settings (see below).</p>
				2861
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2862	<p>If you do not select a filter with this option, the filter defaults to
				2863	<kbd>Mitchell</kbd> for a colormapped image, a image with a matte channel, or
				2864	if the image is enlarged. Otherwise the filter default to
				2865	<kbd>Lanczos</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2866
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2867	<p>To print a complete list of resize filters, use the <a href="#list">-list
				2868	filter</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2869
				2870	<p>You can modify how the filter behaves as it scales your image through the
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2871	use of these expert settings (see also <a href="#define" >-define</a> and <a
				2872	href="#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2873
				2874	<dl class="doc">
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2875	<dt>-define filter:blur=<em>factor</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2876	<dd>Scale the X axis of the filter (and its window). Use > 1.0 for
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2877	blurry or < 1.0 for sharp. This should only be used with Gaussian and
				2878	Gaussian-like filters simple filters, or you may not get the expected
				2879	results. </dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2880
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2881	<dt>-define filter:support=<em>radius</em></dt>
				2882	<dd>Set the filter support radius. Defines how large the filter should be and
				2883	thus directly defines how slow the filtered resampling process is. All
				2884	filters have a default 'prefered' support size. Some filters like
				2885	<kbd>Lagrange</kbd> and windowed filters adjust themselves depending on
				2886	this value. With simple filters this value either does nothing (but slow
				2887	the resampling), or will clip the filter function in a detrimental way.
				2888	</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2889
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2890	<dt>-define filter:lobes=<em>count</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2891	<dd>Set the number of lobes to use for the Sinc/Bessel filter. This an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2892	alternative way of specifying the 'support' range of the filter, that is
				2893	designed to be more suited to windowed filters, especially when used for
				2894	image distorts.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2895
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2896	<dt>-define filter:b=<em>b-spline_factor</em></dt>
				2897	<dt>-define filter:c=<em>keys_alpha_factor</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2898	<dd>Redefine the values used for cubic filters such as <kbd>Cubic</kbd>,
				2899	<kbd>Catrom</kbd>, <kbd>Mitchel</kbd>, and <kbd>Hermite</kbd>, as well as
				2900	the <kbd>Parzen</kbd> Sinc windowing function. If only one of the values
				2901	are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Keys' type cubic
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2902	filter. Values meaning was defined by a research paper by
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2903	Mitchell-Netravali.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2904
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2905	<dt>-define filter:filter=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2906	<dd>Use this function directly as the scaling filter. This will allow
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2907	you to directly use a windowing filter such as <kbd>Blackman</kbd>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2908	rather than as its normal usage as a windowing function for 'Sinc' or
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2909	'Bessel' functions. If defined, no windowing function is used, unless the
				2910	following expert setting is also defined.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2911
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2912	<dt>-define filter:window=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
				2913	<dd>The IIR (infinite impulse response) filters <kbd>Bessel</kbd> and
				2914	<kbd>Sinc</kbd> are windowed (brought down to zero over the defined
				2915	support range) with the given filter. This allows you to specify a filter
				2916	function that is not normally used as a windowing function, such as
				2917	<kbd>Box</kbd>, (which effectively turns off the windowing function),
				2918	to window a <kbd>Sinc</kbd>, or the function the previous setting defined.
				2919	</dd>
				2920
				2921	<dt>-define filter:verbose=<em>1</em></dt>
				2922	<dd>This causes IM to print information on the final internal filter
				2923	selection to standard output. This includes a commented header on the
				2924	filter settings being used, and data allowing the filter weights to be
				2925	easily graphed. </dd>
				2926
				2927	<dd>Note however that some filters are internally defined in terms of other
				2928	filters. The <kbd>Lanczos</kbd> filter for example is defined in terms of
				2929	a <kbd>SincFast</kbd> windowed <kbd>SincFast</kbd> filter, while
				2930	<kbd>Mitchell</kbd> is defined as a <kbd>Cubic</kbd> filter with specific
				2931	'B' and 'C' settings. </dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2932
				2933	</dl>
				2934
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2935	<p>For example, to get a 8 lobe Bessel windowed Bessel filter:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2936
				2937	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -filter bessel \ <br/>
				2938	-set filter:window=bessel -set filter:lobes=8 \ <br/>
				2939	-resize 150% image.jpg</span></p>
				2940	<p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
				2941
				2942	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set filter:filter=sinc -set filter:lobes=4 \ <br/>
				2943	-resize 150% image.jpg</span></p>
				2944	<p>Note that the use of expert options (except for 'blur' with simple resize
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2945	filters, and 'verbose' for viewing the internal filter selection), are
				2946	provided for image processing experts who have studied and understood how
				2947	resize filters work. Without this knowledge, and an understanding of the
				2948	definition of the actual filters involved, using expert settings are more
				2949	likely to be detrimental to your image resizing.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2950
				2951
				2952	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2953	<h4><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2954	</div>
				2955
				2956	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>This is a simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2957
				2958
				2959	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2960	<h4><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2961	</div>
				2962
				2963	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2964
				2965	<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction.</p>
				2966
				2967	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2968	<h4><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2969	</div>
				2970
				2971	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>floodfill the image with color at the specified offset. Using <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> to floodfill pixels which only change by a small amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2972
				2973	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2974	<h4><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2975	</div>
				2976
				2977	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2978
				2979	<p>reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction.</p>
				2980
				2981
				2982	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2983	<h4><a id="font"></a>-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2984	</div>
				2985
				2986	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2987
				2988	<p>To print a complete list of fonts, use the <a href="#list">-list font</a> option (for versions prior to 6.3.6, use 'type' instead of 'font').</p>
				2989
				2990	<p>In addition to the fonts specified by the above pre-defined list, you can
				2991	also specify a font from a specific source. For example <kbd>Arial.ttf</kbd>
				2992	is a TrueType font file, <kbd>ps:helvetica</kbd> is PostScript font, and
				2993	<kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is X11 font.</p>
				2994
				2995	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				2996
				2997
				2998	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2999	<h4><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3000	</div>
				3001
				3002	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the foreground color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3003
				3004	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				3005
				3006	<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
				3007
				3008	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3009	<h4><a id="format"></a>-format <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3010	</div>
				3011
				3012	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image format type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3013
				3014	<p>When used with the <kbd>mogrify</kbd> utility, this option converts any image to the image <a href="/www/formats.html">format</a> you specify. For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a href="#list">-list format</a>.</p>
				3015
				3016	<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with the image format type specified with <a href="#format">-format</a>. For example, if you specify <em class="arg">tiff</em> as the format type and the input image filename is <em class="arg">image.gif</em>, the output image filename becomes <em class="arg">image.tiff</em>.</p>
				3017
				3018	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3019	<h4><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3020	</div>
				3021
				3022	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>output formatted image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/identify.html">identify</a>]</td></tr></table>
				3023
				3024	<p>See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image Properties</a> for an explanation on how to specify the argument to this option.</p>
				3025
				3026	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3027	<h4><a id="frame"></a>-frame <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3028	</div>
				3029
				3030	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3031
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3032	<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="#mattecolor"
				3033	>-mattecolor</a> command line option. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3034
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3035	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em
				3036	class="arg">geometry</em> argument indicates the amount of extra width and
				3037	height that is added to the dimensions of the image. If no offsets are given
				3038	in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument, then the border added is
				3039	a solid color. Offsets <em>x</em> and <em>y</em>, if present, specify that
				3040	the width and height of the border is partitioned to form an outer bevel of
				3041	thickness <em>x</em> pixels and an inner bevel of thickness
				3042	<em>y</em> pixels. Negative offsets make no sense as frame arguments.
				3043	</p>
				3044
				3045	<p>The <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
				3046	href="#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3047	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' composition method. It generates a image of the appropriate
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3048	size with the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and then
				3049	draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a
				3050	href="#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
				3051	center of this image. This means that with the default compose method of
				3052	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a
				3053	href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
				3054
				3055	<p>The image composition is not
				3056	affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3057
				3058
				3059	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3060	<h4><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3061	</div>
				3062
				3063	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>include the X window frame in the imported image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				3064
				3065	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3066	<h4><a id="function"></a>-function <em class="arg">function</em> <em class="arg">parameters</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3067	</div>
				3068
				3069	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a function to channel values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3070
				3071	<p>This operator performs calculations based on the given arguments to modify each of the color values for each previously set <a href="#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the calculations are handled.</p>
				3072
				3073	<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in ImageMagick 6.4.8−8.)</p>
				3074
				3075	<p>Here, <em class="arg">parameters</em> is a comma-separated list of numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <em class="arg">function</em> is selected. Choose the <em class="arg">function</em> from:</p>
				3076
				3077	<pre class="text">
				3078	Polynomial
				3079	Sinusoid
				3080	Arcsin
				3081	Arctan
				3082	</pre>
				3083
				3084	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#function">-function</a> operators, use <a href="#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
				3085
				3086	<dl class="doc">
				3087	<dt><kbd>Polynomial</kbd></dt>
				3088	<dd>
				3089	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters, these being the coefficients of a polynomial, in decreasing order of degree. That is, entering</p>
				3090
				3091	<div style="text-align: center">
				3092	-function Polynomial <em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>,<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em>-1</sub>,...<em>a</em><sub>1</sub>,<em>a</em><sub>0</sub>
				3093	</div>
				3094
				3095	<p>will invoke a polynomial function given by</p>
				3096
				3097	<div style="text-align: center">
				3098	<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub> <b><em>u</em></b><sup><em>n</em></sup> +
				3099	<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em>-1</sub> <b><em>u</em></b><sup><em>n</em>-1</sup> +
				3100	··· <em>a</em><sub>1</sub> <b><em>u</em></b> + <em>a</em><sub>0</sub>,
				3101	</div>
				3102
				3103	<p>where <b><em>u</em></b> is pixel's original normalized channel value.</p>
				3104
				3105	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function can be used in place of <kbd>Set</kbd> (the <em>constant</em> polynomial) and <kbd>Add</kbd>, <kbd>Divide</kbd>, <kbd>Multiply</kbd>, and <kbd>Subtract</kbd> (some <em>linear</em> polynomials) of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a href="#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some correspondences follow.</p>
				3106
				3107	<table class="doc">
				3108	<col width="35%" />
				3109	<col width="35%" />
				3110	<col width="30%" />
				3111	<tr>
				3112	<td>-evaluate Set <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3113	<td>-function Polynomial <em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3114	<td>(Constant functions; set <em class="arg">value</em>×100% gray when channels are RGB.)</td>
				3115	</tr>
				3116	<tr>
				3117	<td>-evaluate Add <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3118	<td>-function Polynomial 1,<em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3119	</tr>
				3120	<tr>
				3121	<td>-evaluate Subtract <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3122	<td>-function Polynomial 1,−<em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3123	</tr>
				3124	<tr>
				3125	<td>-evaluate Multiply <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3126	<td>-function Polynomial <em class="arg">value</em>,0</td>
				3127	</tr>
				3128	<tr>
				3129	<td>+level black% x white%</td>
				3130	<td>-function Polynomial A,B</td>
				3131	<td>(Reduce contrast. Here, A=(white-black)/100 and B=black/100.)</td>
				3132	</tr>
				3133	</table>
				3134
				3135	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function gives great versatility, since polynomials can be used to fit any continuous curve to any degree of accuracy desired.</p>
				3136	</dd>
				3137
				3138	<dt><kbd>Sinusoid</kbd></dt>
				3139	<dd>
				3140	<p>The <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> function can be used to vary the channel values sinusoidally by setting frequency, phase shift, amplitude, and a bias. These values are given as one to four parameters, as follows,</p>
				3141
				3142	<div style="text-align: center">
				3143	-function <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> <em class="arg">freq</em>,[<em class="arg">phase</em>,[<em class="arg">amp</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
				3144	</div>
				3145
				3146	<p>where <em>phase</em> is in degrees. (The domain [0,1] of the function corresponds to 0 through <em class="arg">freq</em>×360 degrees.) The result is that if a pixel's normalized channel value is originally <b><em>u</em></b>, its resulting normalized value is given by </p>
				3147
				3148	<div style="text-align: center">
				3149	<em class="arg">amp</em> * sin(2π (<em class="arg">freq</em> * <b><em>u</em></b> + <em class="arg">phase</em> / 360)) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
				3150	</div>
				3151
				3152	<p> For example, the following generates a curve that starts and ends at 0.9 (when <b><em>u</em></b>=0 and 1, resp.), oscillating three times between .7−.2=.5 and .7+.2=.9. </p>
				3153
				3154	<p class="crtsnip">
				3155	-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
				3156	</p>
				3157
				3158	<p>The default values of <em class="arg">amp</em> and <em class="arg">bias</em> are both .5. The default for <em class="arg">phase</em> is 0.</p>
				3159
				3160	<p>The <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> function generalizes <kbd>Sin</kbd> and <kbd>Cos</kbd> of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allowing varying amplitude, phase and bias. The correspondence is as follows.</p>
				3161
				3162	<table class="doc">
				3163	<tr>
				3164	<td>-evaluate Sin <em class="arg">freq</em> </td>
				3165	<td>-function Sinusoid <em class="arg">freq</em>,0 </td>
				3166	</tr>
				3167	<tr>
				3168	<td>-evaluate Cos <em class="arg">freq</em> </td>
				3169	<td>-function Sinusoid <em class="arg">freq</em>,90 </td>
				3170	</tr>
				3171	</table>
				3172	</dd>
				3173
				3174	<dt><kbd>ArcSin</kbd></dt>
				3175	<dd>
				3176	<p>The <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
				3177	and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
				3178	The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3179	of values.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3180
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3181	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3182	-function <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> <em class="arg">width</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3183	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3184
				3185	<p>with all values given in terms of noramlize color values (0.0 for black,
				3186	1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
				3187	for bout input (<em class="arg">width</em>), and output (<em
				3188	class="arg">width</em>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
				3189
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3190	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3191	<em class="arg">range</em>/π * asin( 2/<em class="arg">width</em> * ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3192	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3193
				3194	</dd>
				3195
				3196	<dt><kbd>ArcTan</kbd></dt>
				3197	<dd>
				3198	<p>The <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
				3199	limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3200	All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3201
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3202	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3203	-function <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> <em class="arg">slope</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3204	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3205
				3206	<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
				3207	</p>
				3208
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3209	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3210	<em class="arg">range</em>/π * atan( <em class="arg">slope</em>π ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3211	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3212
				3213	</dd>
				3214
				3215	</dl>
				3216
				3217
				3218	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3219	<h4><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <em class="arg">distance</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3220	</div>
				3221
				3222	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colors within this <em class="arg">distance</em> are considered equal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3223
				3224	<p>A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color in RGB space. For example, if you want to automagically trim the edges of an image with <a href="#trim">-trim</a> but the image was scanned and the target background color may differ by a small amount. This option can account for these differences.</p>
				3225
				3226	<p>The <em class="arg">distance</em> can be in absolute intensity units or, by appending <kbd>%</kbd> as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255, 65535, or 4294967295).</p>
				3227
				3228
				3229	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3230	<h4><a id="fx"></a>-fx <em class="arg">expression</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3231	</div>
				3232
				3233	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3234
				3235	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">expression</em> is <kbd>@</kbd>, the expression is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.</p>
				3236
				3237	<p>See <a href="../www/fx.html">FX, The Special Effects Image Operator</a> for a detailed discussion of this option.</p>
				3238
				3239
				3240	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3241	<h4><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3242	</div>
				3243
				3244	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>level of gamma correction.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3245
				3246	<p>The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma correction to adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values extend from <kbd>0.8</kbd> to <kbd>2.3</kbd>. Gamma less than 1.0 darkens the image and gamma greater than 1.0 lightens it. Large adjustments to image gamma may result in the loss of some image information if the pixel quantum size is only eight bits (quantum range 0 to 255).</p>
				3247
				3248	<p>Gamma adjusts the image's channel values pixel-by-pixel according to a power law, namely, pow(pixel,1/gamma) or pixel^(1/gamma), where pixel is the normalized or 0 to 1 color value. For example, using a value of gamma=2 is the same as taking the square root of the image.</p>
				3249
				3250	<p>You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with a gamma value list delimited with commas (e.g., <kbd>1.7,2.3,1.2</kbd>).</p>
				3251
				3252	<p>Use <a href="#gamma">+gamma <em class="arg">value</em></a> to set the image gamma level without actually adjusting the image pixels. This option is useful if the image is of a known gamma but not set as an image attribute (e.g. PNG images).</p>
				3253
				3254	<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
				3255
				3256	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3257	<h4><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3258	</div>
				3259
				3260	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3261
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3262	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
				3263	<em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value. The formula is:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3264
				3265	<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/>
				3266	</div>
				3267
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3268	<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3269	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3270
				3271	<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3272	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3273	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3274	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				3275	</p>
				3276
				3277	<p>The larger the <em class="arg" >Radius</em> the radius the slower the
				3278	operation is. However too small a <em class="arg" >Radius</em>, and sever
				3279	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <em class="arg" >Radius</em>
				3280	should be at least twice the <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value, though three
				3281	times will produce a more accurite result. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3282
				3283	<p>This differs from the faster <a href="#blur">-blur</a> operator in that a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3284	full 2-dimensional convolution is used to generate the weighted average of the
				3285	neighboring pixels. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3286
				3287	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				3288	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				3289	</p>
				3290
				3291
				3292	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3293	<h4><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3294	</div>
				3295
				3296	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred size and location of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3297
				3298	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3299
				3300	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3301	<h4><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3302	</div>
				3303
				3304	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3305
				3306	<p>Choices include: <kbd>NorthWest</kbd>, <kbd>North</kbd>, <kbd>NorthEast</kbd>,
				3307	<kbd>West</kbd>, <kbd>Center</kbd>, <kbd>East</kbd>, <kbd>SouthWest</kbd>,
				3308	<kbd>South</kbd>, <kbd>SouthEast</kbd>. Use <a href="#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete
				3309	list of <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
				3310	installation.</p>
				3311
				3312	<p>The direction you choose specifies where to position text or subimages. For example, a gravity of <kbd>Center</kbd> forces the text to be centered within the image. By default, the image gravity is <kbd>NorthWest</kbd>. See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the text primitive of <a href="#draw">-draw</a> affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
				3313
				3314	<p>The <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with the <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options that take <em class="arg">geometry</em> as an argument, such as the <a href="#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
				3315
				3316	<p>If a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option or setting having a <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument that specifies an offset, the offset is usually applied to the point within the image suggested by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following command, for example, suppose the file <kbd>image.png</kbd> has dimensions 200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="#region">-region</a> is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> is <kbd>Center</kbd>, which suggests the midpoint of the image, at the point (100,50). The offset (−40,20) is applied to that point, giving (100−40,50+20)=(60,70), so the specified 10x10 region is located at that point. (In addition, the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the region itself, which is <em>centered</em> at the pixel coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
				3317
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3318	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \ <br/> -negate output.png</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3319	<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates within the composite.</p>
				3320
				3321	<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates within a tile. The default gravity is <kbd>Center</kbd> for this purpose.</p>
				3322
				3323
				3324	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3325	<h4><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3326	</div>
				3327
				3328	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>green chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3329
				3330
				3331	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3332	<h4><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3333	</div>
				3334
				3335	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3336
				3337	<p>A Hald color lookup table is a 3-dimensional color cube mapped to 2
				3338	dimensions. Create it with the <kbd>HALD:</kbd> prefix (e.g. HALD:8). You
				3339	can apply any color transformation to the Hald image and then use this option
				3340	to apply the transform to the image. </p>
				3341
				3342	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png</span></p>
				3343	<p>This option provides a convenient method for you to use Gimp or Photoshop
				3344	to make color corrections to the Hald CLUT image and subsequently apply them
				3345	to multiple images using an ImageMagick script. </p>
				3346
				3347	<p>Note that the representation is only of the normal RGB color space and that
				3348	the whole color value triplet is used for the interpolated lookup of the
				3349	represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a
				3350	href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting effected, nor can it adjust or modify an
				3351	images transparency or alpha/matte channel.</p>
				3352
				3353	<p>See also <a href="#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
				3354	of the individual color channels, usally involving a simplier gray-scale
				3355	image. E.g: gray-scale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
				3356	mapping. </p>
				3357
				3358
				3359	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3360	<h4><a id="help"></a>-help</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3361	</div>
				3362
				3363	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print usage instructions.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3364
				3365	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3366	<h4><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3367	</div>
				3368
				3369	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3370
				3371	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3372	<h4><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3373	</div>
				3374
				3375	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the icon geometry.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3376
				3377	<p>Offsets, if present in the geometry specification, are handled in the same manner as the <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> option, using X11 style to handle negative offsets.</p>
				3378
				3379	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3380
				3381	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3382	<h4><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3383	</div>
				3384
				3385	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>iconic animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3386
				3387	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3388	<h4><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3389	</div>
				3390
				3391	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>identify the format and characteristics of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3392
				3393	<p>This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size; the image class (<em class="arg">DirectClass</em> or <em class="arg">PseudoClass</em>); the total number of unique colors; and the number of seconds to read and transform the image. Refer to <a href="../www/miff.html">MIFF</a> for a description of the image class.</p>
				3394
				3395	<p>If <a href="#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a href="/www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
				3396
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3397	<p>If <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3398	amounts of image properties are displayed including image statistics, profiles,
				3399	image histogram, and others.</p>
				3400
				3401	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3402	<h4><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3403	</div>
				3404
				3405	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3406
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3407	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial domain. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3408
				3409	<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of the <a href="#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
				3410
				3411	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
				3412	<p>or</p>
				3413
				3414	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
				3415
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3416	<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when the original image, prior to the <a href="#fft">-fft</a> or <a href="#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3417
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3418	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3419
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3420	<p>Use <a href="#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal (spatial) domain.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3421
				3422	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3423	<h4><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3424	</div>
				3425
				3426	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make image immutable.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3427
				3428	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3429	<h4><a id="implode"></a>-implode <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3430	</div>
				3431
				3432	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implode image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3433
				3434	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3435	<h4><a id="insert"></a>-insert <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3436	</div>
				3437
				3438	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>insert the last image into the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3439
				3440	<p>This option takes last image in the current image sequence and inserts it at the given index. If a negative index is used, the insert position is calculated before the last image is removed from the sequence. As such <kbd>-insert -1</kbd> will result in no change to the image sequence.</p>
				3441
				3442	<p>The <kbd>+insert</kbd> option is equivalent to <kbd>-insert -1</kbd>. In other words, insert the last image, at the end of the current image sequence. Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
				3443
				3444	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3445	<h4><a id="intent"></a>-intent <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3446	</div>
				3447
				3448	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3449
				3450	<p>Use this option to affect the color management operation of an image (see <a href="#profile">-profile</a>). Choose from these intents: <kbd>Absolute, Perceptual, Relative, Saturation</kbd>.</p>
				3451
				3452	<p>The default intent is undefined.</p>
				3453
				3454	<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
				3455
				3456	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3457	<h4><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3458	</div>
				3459
				3460	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the type of interlacing scheme.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3461
				3462	<p>Choose from:</p>
				3463
				3464	<pre class="text">
				3465	none
				3466	line
				3467	plane
				3468	partition
				3469	JPEG
				3470	GIF
				3471	PNG
				3472	</pre>
				3473
				3474	<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image formats such as <kbd>RGB</kbd> or <kbd>YUV</kbd>.</p>
				3475
				3476	<p><kbd>None</kbd> means do not interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...),</p>
				3477
				3478	<p><kbd>Line</kbd> uses scanline interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and.</p>
				3479
				3480	<p><kbd>Plane</kbd> uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).</p>
				3481
				3482	<p><kbd>Partition</kbd> is like plane except the different planes are saved to individual files (e.g. image.R,
				3483	image.G, and image.B).</p>
				3484
				3485	<p>Use <kbd>Line</kbd> or <kbd>Plane</kbd> to create an <kbd>interlaced PNG</kbd> or <kbd>GIF</kbd> or <kbd>progressive JPEG</kbd>
				3486	image.</p>
				3487
				3488	<p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="#list">-list interlace</a>.</p>
				3489
				3490	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3491	<h4><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3492	</div>
				3493
				3494	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3495
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3496	<p>When looking up the color of a pixel using a non-integer floating point
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3497	value, you typically fall in between the pixel colors defined by the source
				3498	image. This setting determines how the color is determined from the colors of
				3499	the pixels surrounding that point. That is how to determine the color of a
				3500	point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
				3501
				3502	<pre class="text">
				3503	integer: The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)
				3504	nearest-neighbor: The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)
				3505	average: The average color of the surrounding four pixels
				3506	bilinear A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)
				3507	mesh Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations
				3508	bicubic Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels
				3509	spline Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)
				3510	filter Use resize <a href="#filter">-filter</a> settings
				3511	</pre>
				3512
				3513	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
				3514	>-distort</a>, <a href="#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="#transform"
				3515	>-transform</a> and <a href="#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
				3516
				3517	<p>To print a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="#list">-list interpolate</a>.</p>
				3518
				3519	<p>See also <a href="#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
				3520	lookup for positions outside the boundaries of the image. </p>
				3521
				3522
				3523	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3524	<h4><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	f3bb478	2009-09-08 13:10:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3525	</div>
				3526
				3527	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two text lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3528
				3529	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3530	<h4><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3531	</div>
				3532
				3533	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two words.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3534
				3535	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3536	<h4><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3537	</div>
				3538
				3539	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two letters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3540
				3541	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3542	<h4><a id="label"></a>-label <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3543	</div>
				3544
				3545	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>assign a label to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3546
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3547	<p>Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, as it is read in
				3548	or created. You can use the <a href="#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assign
				3549	a the labels of images already read in. Image formats such as TIFF, PNG,
				3550	MIFF, supports saving the label information with the image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3551
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3552	<p>When saving an image to a <em class="arg">PostScript</em> file, any label
				3553	assigned to an image is used as a header string to print above the postscript
				3554	image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3555
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3556	<p>You can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
				3557	attribute by embedding special format character. See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image
				3558	Properties</a> for details of the percent escape codes.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3559
				3560	<p>For example,</p>
				3561
				3562	<p class="crtsnip">
				3563	-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				3564	</p>
				3565
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3566	<p>assigns an image label of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> to the
				3567	"<kbd>bird.miff</kbd>" image and whose width is 512 and height is 480, as it
				3568	is read in. If a <a href="#label">+label</a> option was used instead, any
				3569	existing label present in the image would be used. You can remove all labels
				3570	from an image by assigning the empty string. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3571
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3572	<p>A label is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image datastream
				3573	via <em>Label</em> tag or similar mechanism. If you want the label to be
				3574	visible on the image itself, use the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option, or
				3575	during the final processing in the creation of a image montage.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3576
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3577	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				3578	class="arg">@</em>, the image label is read from a file titled by the
				3579	remaining characters in the string. Labels in a file are literal, no embedded
				3580	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3581
				3582
				3583	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3584	<h4><a id="lat"></a>-lat <em class="arg">width</em><br />-lat <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">offset</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3585	</div>
				3586
				3587	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform local adaptive threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3588
				3589	<p>Adaptively threshold each pixel based on the value of pixels in a
				3590	surrounding window. If the current pixel is lighter than this average plus
				3591	the optional <kbd>offset</kbd>, then it is made white, otherwise it is made
				3592	black. Small variations in pixel values such as found in scanned documents
				3593	can be ignored if offset is positive. A negative offset will make it more
				3594	sensitive to those small variations. </p>
				3595
				3596	<p>This is commonly used to threshold images with an uneven background. It is
				3597	based on the assumption that average color of the small window is the
				3598	the local background color, from which to separate the forground color. </p>
				3599
				3600
				3601	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3602	<h4><a id="layers"></a>-layers <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3603	</div>
				3604
				3605	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3606
				3607	<p>Perform various image operation methods to a ordered sequence of images
				3608	which may represent either a set of overlaid 'image layers', a GIF disposal
				3609	animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
				3610
				3611	<table class="doc">
				3612	<tbody>
				3613	<tr valign="top">
				3614	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				3615	<th align="left">Description</th>
				3616	</tr>
				3617
				3618	<tr valign="top">
				3619	<td valign="top">compare-any</td>
				3620	<td valign="top">Crop the second and later frames to the smallest rectangle
				3621	that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a
				3622	href="#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
				3623	</tr>
				3624
				3625	<tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="#deconstruct"
				3626	>-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
				3627	working, especially when animation used layer disposal methods such as
				3628	'<kbd>Previous</kbd>' or '<kbd>Background</kbd>'. </td>
				3629	</tr>
				3630
				3631	<tr valign="top">
				3632	<td valign="top">compare-clear</td>
				3633	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>' but crop to the bounds of any
				3634	opaque pixels which become transparent in the second frame. That is the
				3635	smallest image needed to mask or erase pixels for the next frame. </td>
				3636	</tr>
				3637
				3638	<tr valign="top">
				3639	<td valign="top">compare-overlay</td>
				3640	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>' but crop to pixels that add
				3641	extra color to the next image, as a result of overlaying color pixels.
				3642	That is the smallest single overlaid image to add or change colors. </td>
				3643	</tr>
				3644
				3645	<tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> alpha
				3646	composition method '<kbd>change-mask</kbd>', to reduce the image to
				3647	just the pixels that need to be overlaid. </td>
				3648	</tr>
				3649
				3650	<tr valign="top">
				3651	<td valign="top">coalesce</td>
				3652	<td valign="top">Equivalent to a call to the <a href="#coalesce"
				3653	>-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
				3654	current image sequence to form a fully defined animation sequence, as
				3655	it should be displayed. Effectively converting a GIF animation into a
				3656	'film strip'-like animation. </td>
				3657	</tr>
				3658
				3659	<tr valign="top">
				3660	<td valign="top">composite</td>
				3661	<td valign="top">Alpha Composition of two image lists, separated by a
				3662	"<kbd>null:</kbd>" image, with the destination image list first, and
				3663	the source images last. An image from each list are composited
				3664	together until one list is finished. The separator image and source
				3665	image lists are removed. </td>
				3666	</tr>
				3667
				3668
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3669	<tr><td></td>
				3670	<td>The <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
				3671	to <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
				3672	canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3673	href="#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3674	added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3675
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3676	<tr><td></td>
				3677	<td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3678	applied to all the images in the other image list, regardless of which
				3679	list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
				3680	preserved. </td>
				3681	</tr>
				3682
				3683
				3684	<tr valign="top">
				3685	<td valign="top">dispose</td>
				3686	<td valign="top">This like '<kbd>coalesce</kbd>' but shows the look of
				3687	the animation after the layer disposal method has been applied, before
				3688	the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
				3689	results from the application of the GIF <a href="#dispose"
				3690	>-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
				3691	is going wrong with a particular animation you may be developing.
				3692	</td>
				3693	</tr>
				3694
				3695	<tr valign="top">
				3696	<td valign="top">flatten</td>
				3697	<td valign="top">Create a canvas the size of the first images virtual
				3698	canvas using the current <a href="#background" >-background</a> color,
				3699	and <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
				3700	canvas. Images falling outside that canvas is clipped. Final
				3701	image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
				3702	</tr>
				3703
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3704	<tr><td></td>
				3705	<td>This usally used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3706	overlaying all the prepared image layers into a final image. </td>
				3707	</tr>
				3708
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3709	<tr><td></td>
				3710	<td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3711	canvas with real pixels, or to underlay a opaque color to remove
				3712	transparency from an image.</td>
				3713	</tr>
				3714
				3715
				3716	<tr valign="top">
				3717	<td valign="top">merge</td>
				3718	<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
				3719	layers into a new layer image just large enough to hold all the image
				3720	without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset will
				3721	prevere the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
				3722	negative. the virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
				3723	</td>
				3724	</tr>
				3725
				3726	<tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with negative offsets
				3727	as few image file formats handle them correctly. </td>
				3728	</tr>
				3729
				3730	<tr valign="top">
				3731	<td valign="top">mosaic</td>
				3732	<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
				3733	of the first image so as to hold all the image layers. However as a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3734	virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin, by definition, image layers
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3735	with a negative offsets will still be clipped by the top and left
				3736	edges.</td>
				3737	</tr>
				3738
				3739	<tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image using various
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3740	offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The resulting image
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3741	will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so can be saved to
				3742	any image file format. </td>
				3743	</tr>
				3744
				3745
				3746	<tr valign="top">
				3747	<td valign="top">optimize</td>
				3748	<td valign="top">Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation using
				3749	a number of general techniques. This currently a short cut to
				3750	apply both the '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>', and
				3751	'<kbd>optimize-transparency</kbd>' methods but may be expanded to
				3752	include other optimization methods as they are developed. </td>
				3753	</tr>
				3754
				3755	<tr valign="top">
				3756	<td valign="top">optimize-frame</td>
				3757	<td valign="top">Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation by
				3758	reducing the number of pixels per frame as much as possible by
				3759	attempting to pick the best layer disposal method to use, while ensuring
				3760	the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
				3761	</tr>
				3762
				3763	<tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found. But
				3764	then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
				3765	However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
				3766	optimizers seen. </td>
				3767	</tr>
				3768
				3769	<tr valign="top">
				3770	<td valign="top">optimize-plus</td>
				3771	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' but attempt to improve the
				3772	overall optimization by adding extra frames to the animation, without
				3773	changing the final look or timing of the animation. The frames are
				3774	added to attempt to separate the clearing of pixels from the
				3775	overlaying of new additional pixels from one animation frame to the
				3776	next. If this does not improve the optimization (for the next frame
				3777	only), it will fall back to the results of the previous normal
				3778	'<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. </td>
				3779	</tr>
				3780
				3781	<tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal style will
				3782	result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames, though this
				3783	is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is better than
				3784	the normal '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. For some animations
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3785	however you can get a vast improvement in the final animation size. </td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3786	</tr>
				3787
				3788	<tr valign="top">
				3789	<td valign="top">optimize-transparency</td>
				3790	<td valign="top">Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
				3791	overlay images with transparency, if it does not change the resulting
				3792	animation by more than the current <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
				3793	</td>
				3794	</tr>
				3795
				3796	<tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation to compress
				3797	into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one (transparent)
				3798	color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating the current
				3799	disposed image of the last frame. </td>
				3800	</tr>
				3801
				3802	<tr valign="top">
				3803	<td valign="top">remove-dups</td>
				3804	<td valign="top">Remove (and merge time delays) of duplicate consecutive
				3805	images, so as to simplify layer overlays of coalesced animations.
				3806	</td>
				3807	</tr>
				3808
				3809	<tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay across the
				3810	whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into smaller
				3811	sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been used as
				3812	part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
				3813	</tr>
				3814
				3815	<tr valign="top">
				3816	<td valign="top">remove-zero</td>
				3817	<td valign="top">Remove any image with a zero time delay, unless ALL the
				3818	images have a zero time delay (and is not a proper timed animation, a
				3819	warning is then issued). </td>
				3820	</tr>
				3821
				3822	<tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which provide
				3823	partial intermediary updates between the frames that are actually
				3824	displayed to users. These frames are usally added for improved frame
				3825	optimization in GIF animations. </td>
				3826	</tr>
				3827
				3828	<tr valign="top">
				3829	<td valign="top">trim-bounds</td>
				3830	<td valign="top">Find the bounds of all the images in the current
				3831	image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
				3832	a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified, only
				3833	there virtual canvas size and offset. The all the image is given
				3834	the same canvas size, and and will have a positive offset, but will
				3835	remain in the same position relative to each other. As a result of the
				3836	minimal canvas size at least one image will touch every edge of that
				3837	canvas. The image data however may be transparent.
				3838	</td>
				3839	</tr>
				3840
				3841	</tbody>
				3842	</table>
				3843
				3844	<p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="#list">-list layers</a>.</p>
				3845
				3846	<p>The operators <a href="#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="#deconstruct"
				3847	>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="#mosaic"
				3848	>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods. Also see <a
				3849	href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#repage" >-repage</a> operators, the <a
				3850	href="#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the GIF <a href="#dispose"
				3851	>-dispose</a> and <a href="#delay" >-delay</a> settings. </p>
				3852
				3853
				3854	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3855	<h4><a id="level"></a>-level <em class="arg">black_point</em>{,<em class="arg">white_point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}{,<em class="arg">gamma</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3856	</div>
				3857
				3858	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3859
				3860	<p>Given one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point,
				3861	white-point, gamma (for example: 10,250,1.0 or 2%,98%,0.5). The black and
				3862	white points range from 0 to <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, or from 0 to 100%; if the white
				3863	point is omitted it is set to (<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> - black_point), so as to center
				3864	contrast changes. If a <kbd>%</kbd> sign is present anywhere in the string,
				3865	both black and white points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma
				3866	will do a <a href="#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is
				3867	omitted, the default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed.</p>
				3868
				3869	<p>In normal usage (<kbd>-level</kbd>) the image values are stretched so that
				3870	the given '<kbd>black_point</kbd>' value in the original image is set to
				3871	zero (or black), while the given '<kbd>white_point</kbd>' value is set to
				3872	<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> (or white). This provides you with direct contrast adjustments
				3873	to the image. The '<kbd>gamma</kbd>' of the resulting image will then be
				3874	adjusted. </p>
				3875
				3876	<p>From ImageMagick v6.4.1-9 using the plus form of the operator (<kbd>+level</kbd>) or
				3877	adding the special '!' flag anywhere in the argument list, will cause the
				3878	operator to do the reverse of the level adjustment. That is a zero, or
				3879	<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> value (black, and white, resp.) in the original image, is
				3880	adjusted to the given level values, allowing you to de-contrast, or compress
				3881	the channel values within the image. The '<kbd>gamma</kbd>' is adjusted before the level adjustment to de-contrast the image is made. </p>
				3882
				3883	<p>Only the channels defined by the current <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				3884	setting are adjusted (defaults to RGB color channels only), allowing you to
				3885	limit the effect of this operator. </p>
				3886
				3887	<p>Please note that the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				3888	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				3889
				3890
				3891	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3892	<h4><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3893	class="arg">black_color</em>}{,}{<em class="arg">white_color</em>}</h4>
				3894	</div>
				3895
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3896	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3897
				3898	<p>This function is exactly like <a href="#level">-level</a>, except that the
				3899	value value for each color channel is determined by the
				3900	'<kbd>black_color</kbd>' and '<kbd>white_color</kbd>' colors given (as
				3901	described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
				3902
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3903	<p>This effectually means the colors provided to <kbd>-level-colors</kbd>
				3904	is mapped to become 'black' and 'white' respectively, with all the other
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3905	colors linearly adjusted (or clipped) to match that change. Each channel is
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3906	adjusted separately using the channel values of the colors specified. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3907
				3908	<p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<kbd>+level-colors</kbd>)
				3909	will map the image color 'black' and 'white' to the given colors
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3910	respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3911	those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain gray-scale image into a
				3912	one using the gradient of colors specified. </p>
				3913
				3914	<p>By supplying a single color with a comma separator either before or after
				3915	that color, will just replace the respective 'black' or 'white' point
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3916	respectively. But if no comma separator is provided, the given color is
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3917	used for both the black and white color points, making the operator either
				3918	threshold the images around that color (- form) or set all colors to that
				3919	color (+ form). </p>
				3920
				3921
				3922	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3923	<h4><a id="limit"></a>-limit <em class="arg">type value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3924	</div>
				3925
				3926	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel cache resource limit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3927
				3928	<p>Choose from: <kbd>area</kbd>, <kbd>disk</kbd>, <kbd>file</kbd>, <kbd>map</kbd>, <kbd>memory</kbd>, <kbd>threads</kbd>, or <kbd>time</kbd>.</p>
				3929
cristy	6b63665	2009-12-05 17:16:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3930	<p>The value for <kbd>file</kbd> is in number of files. The other limits are in bytes. By default the limits are 768 files, 2GB of image area, 1.5GiB memory, 8GiB memory map, and 18.45EB of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the available resources on your computer if this information is available. When any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits memory:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3931
				3932	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3933	-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3934	</p>
				3935
				3936	<p>Use <a href="#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
				3937
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3938	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list resource</span><span class='crtout'></span></p><pre class="text">
				3939	File Area Memory Map Disk Thread Time
cristy	6b63665	2009-12-05 17:16:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3940	------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3941	768 12.404GB 8.6642GiB 23.104GiB 18.446744EB 8 unlimited
				3942	</pre>
				3943
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3944	<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the <kbd>area</kbd> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
				3945
				3946	<p>To illustrate how ImageMagick utilizes resource limits, consider a typical image resource request. First, ImageMagick tries to allocate the pixels in memory. The request might be denied if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>memory</kbd> limit or if the system does not honor the request. If a memory request is not honored, the pixels are allocated to disk and the file is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the <kbd>map</kbd> limit, the resource allocation goes to disk. In all cases, if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>area</kbd> limit, the pixels are automagically cached to disk. If the disk has a hard limit, the program fails.</p>
				3947
				3948	<p>In most cases you simply do not need to concern yourself with resource limits. ImageMagick chooses reasonable defaults and most images do not tax your computer resources. Where limits do come in handy is when you process images that are large or on shared systems where ImageMagick can consume all or most of the available memory. In this case, the ImageMagick workflow slows other processes or, in extreme cases, brings the system to a halt. Under these circumstances, setting limits give some assurances that the ImageMagick workflow will not interfere with other concurrent uses of the computer. For example, assume you have a web interface that processes images uploaded from the Internet. To assure ImageMagick does not exceed 10mb of memory you can simply set the area limit to 10mb:</p>
				3949
				3950	<p class="crtsnip">
				3951	-limit area 10mb
				3952	</p>
				3953
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3954	<p>Now whenever a large image is processed, the pixels are automagically cached to disk instead of memory. This of course implies that large images typically process very slowly, simply because pixel processing in memory can be an order of magnitude faster than on disk. Because your web site users might inadvertently upload a huge image to process, you should set a disk limit as well:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3955
				3956	<p class="crtsnip">
				3957	-limit area 10mb -limit disk 500mb
				3958	</p>
				3959
				3960	<p>Here ImageMagick stops processing if an image requires more than 500MB of disk storage.</p>
				3961
				3962	<p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set with <a href="../www/resources.html#environment">environment variables</a>. Set the environment variables <kbd>MAGICK_AREA_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_DISK_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_FILE_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_MEMORY_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_MAP_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_TIME_LIMIT</kbd> for limits of image area, disk space, open files, heap memory, memory map, number of threads of execution, and maximum elapsed time in seconds respectively.</p>
				3963
				3964	<p> Inquisitive users can try adding <a href="#debug">-debug cache</a> to their commands and then scouring the generated output for references to the pixel cache, in order to determine how the pixel cache was allocated and how resources were consumed. Advanced Unix/Linux users can pipe that output through <kbd>grep memory\|open\|destroy\|disk</kbd> for more readable sifting.
				3965	</p>
				3966
				3967	<p>For more about ImageMagick's use of resources, see the section <b>Cache Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="../www/architecture.html#cache">Architecture</a> page.
				3968	</p>
				3969
				3970	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3971	<h4><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3972	</div>
				3973
				3974	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Linear with saturation stretch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3975
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3976	<p>This is very similar to <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>,
				3977	and uses a 'histogram bin' to determine the range of color values that needs to
				3978	be stretched. However it then stretchs those colors using the <a
				3979	href="#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
				3980
				3981	<p>As such while the initial determination may have 'binning' round off
				3982	effects, the image colors are stretched mathematically, rather than using the
				3983	histogram bins. This makes the operator more accurate. </p>
				3984
				3985	<p>note however that a <a href="#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
				3986	'<kbd>0</kbd>' does nothing, while a value of '<kbd>1</kbd>' does a near
				3987	perfect stretch of the color range. </p>
				3988
				3989	<p>See also <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
				3990	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				3991
				3992	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				3993
				3994
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3995	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3996	<h4><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3997	</div>
				3998
				3999	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the line width for subsequent draw operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4000
				4001	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4002	<h4><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4003	</div>
				4004
				4005	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>rescale image with seam-carving.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4006
				4007	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4008
				4009	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4010	<h4><a id="list"></a>-list <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4011	</div>
				4012
				4013	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4014
				4015	<pre class="text">
cristy	c1aee83	2010-05-08 00:36:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4016	Align
				4017	Alpha
				4018	Boolean
				4019	Channel
				4020	Class
				4021	ClipPath
				4022	Coder
				4023	Color
				4024	Colorspace
				4025	Command
				4026	Compose
				4027	Compress
				4028	Configure
				4029	DataType
				4030	Debug
				4031	Decoration
				4032	Delegate
				4033	Direction
				4034	Dispose
				4035	Distort
				4036	Dither
				4037	Endian
				4038	Evaluate
				4039	FillRule
				4040	Filter
				4041	Font
				4042	Format
				4043	Function
				4044	Gravity
				4045	ImageList
				4046	Intent
				4047	Interlace
				4048	Interpolate
				4049	Kernel
cristy	787d435	2010-03-06 13:55:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4050	Layers
				4051	LineCap
				4052	LineJoin
				4053	List
				4054	Locale
				4055	LogEvent
				4056	Log
				4057	Magic
				4058	Method
				4059	Metric
				4060	Mime
				4061	Mode
				4062	Morphology
				4063	Module
				4064	Noise
				4065	Orientation
				4066	Policy
				4067	PolicyDomain
				4068	PolicyRights
				4069	Preview
				4070	Primitive
				4071	QuantumFormat
				4072	Resource
				4073	SparseColor
				4074	Storage
				4075	Stretch
				4076	Style
				4077	Threshold
				4078	Type
				4079	Units
				4080	Validate
				4081	VirtualPixel
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4082	</pre>
				4083
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4084	<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<kbd>-list
				4085	list</kbd>" to get a complete listing of all the "<kbd>-list</kbd>" arguments
				4086	available:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4087
				4088	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list list</span></p>
				4089	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4090	<h4><a id="log"></a>-log <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4091	</div>
				4092
				4093	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify format for debug log.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4094
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4095	<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
				4096	href="#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4097
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4098	<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
				4099	characters:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4100
				4101	<pre class="text">
				4102	%d domain
				4103	%e event
				4104	%f function
				4105	%l line
				4106	%m module
				4107	%p process ID
				4108	%r real CPU time
				4109	%t wall clock time
				4110	%u user CPU time
				4111	%% percent sign
				4112	\n newline
				4113	\r carriage return
				4114	</pre>
				4115
				4116	<p>For example:</p>
				4117
				4118	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png</span></p>
				4119	<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
				4120
				4121	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4122	<h4><a id="loop"></a>-loop <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4123	</div>
				4124
				4125	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4126
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4127	<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times,
				4128	otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <em class="arg">iterations</em>
				4129	times.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4130
				4131	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4132	<h4><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4133	</div>
				4134
				4135	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4136
				4137	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4138	<h4><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4139	</div>
				4140
				4141	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>magnify the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4142
				4143
				4144	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4145	<h4><a id="map"></a>-map <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4146	</div>
				4147
				4148	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display image using this <em class="arg">type</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4149
				4150	<p>Choose from these <em class="arg">Standard Colormap</em> types:</p>
				4151
				4152	<pre class="text">
				4153	best
				4154	default
				4155	gray
				4156	red
				4157	green
				4158	blue
				4159	</pre>
				4160
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4161	<p>The <em class="arg">X server</em> must support the <em class="arg">Standard
				4162	Colormap</em> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <kbd>list</kbd> as
				4163	the type and <kbd>display</kbd> searches the list of colormap types in
				4164	<kbd>top-to-bottom</kbd> order until one is located. See <em
				4165	class="arg">xstdcmap(1)</em> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4166
				4167
				4168	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4169	<h4><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <em class="arg">components</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4170	</div>
				4171
				4172	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/stream.html">stream</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4173
				4174	<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
				4175
				4176	<pre class="text">
				4177	r red pixel component
				4178	g green pixel component
				4179	b blue pixel component
				4180	a alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)
				4181	o opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)
				4182	i grayscale intensity pixel component
				4183	c cyan pixel component
				4184	m magenta pixel component
				4185	y yellow pixel component
				4186	k black pixel component
				4187	p pad component (always 0)
				4188	</pre>
				4189
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4190	<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
				4191	bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
				4192
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4193
				4194	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4195	<h4><a id="mask"></a>-mask
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4196	<em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
				4197	</div>
				4198
				4199	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Composite the image pixels as defined by the mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4200
				4201	<p>Use <a href="#mask">+mask</a> to remove the image mask.</p>
				4202
				4203	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4204	<h4><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4205	</div>
				4206
				4207	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the color to be used with the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4208
				4209	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				4210
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4211	<p>The default matte color is <kbd>#BDBDBD</kbd>, <span
				4212	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4213
				4214	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4215	<h4><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h4>
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4216	</div>
				4217
				4218	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4219
				4220	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4221	<h4><a id="median"></a>-median <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4222	</div>
				4223
				4224	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a median filter to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4225
				4226	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4227	<h4><a id="metric"></a>-metric <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4228	</div>
				4229
				4230	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <em class="arg">type</em> given metric.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4231
				4232	<p>Choose from:</p>
				4233
				4234	<pre class="text">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4235	AE absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)
cristy	a20e3f9	2010-12-13 01:52:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4236	FUZZ mean color distance
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4237	MAE mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance
				4238	MEPP mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)
				4239	MSE mean error squared, average of the channel error squared
cristy	a20e3f9	2010-12-13 01:52:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4240	NCC normalized cross correlation
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4241	PAE peak absolute (normalize peak absolute)
				4242	PSNR peak signal to noise ratio
				4243	RMSE root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4244	</pre>
				4245
cristy	771f7a7	2010-11-27 21:42:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4246	<p>Control the '<kbd>AE</kbd>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
				4247	with the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
				4248	only changed by a small amount). Use '<kbd>PAE</kbd>' to find the
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4249	size of the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
cristy	771f7a7	2010-11-27 21:42:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4250	'similar', while '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' dtermines the factor needed
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4251	for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4252
				4253	<p>The '<kbd>MEPP</kbd>' metric returns three different metrics
				4254	('<kbd>MAE</kbd>', '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' normalized, and '<kbd>PAE</kbd>'
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4255	normalized) from a single comparison run. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4256
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4257	<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="#list">-list
				4258	metrics</a> option.</p>
				4259
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4260
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4261	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4262	<h4><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h4>
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4263	</div>
				4264
				4265	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4266
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4267
				4268	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4269	<h4><a id="mode"></a>-mode <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4270	</div>
				4271
				4272	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mode of operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4273
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4274	<p>Choose the <em class="arg">value</em> from these styles: <kbd>Frame,
				4275	Unframe, or Concatenate</kbd></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4276
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4277	<p>Use the <a href="#list" >-list</a> option with a '<kbd>Mode</kbd>' argument
				4278	for a list of <a href="#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
				4279	ImageMagick installation.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4280
				4281
				4282	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4283	<h4><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <em class="arg">brightness</em>[,<em class="arg">saturation</em>,<em class="arg">hue</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4284	</div>
				4285
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4286	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Vary the <em class="arg">brightness</em>, <em
				4287	class="arg">saturation</em>, and <em class="arg">hue</em> of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4288
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4289	<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means
				4290	no change, and any missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4291
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4292	<p>The <em class="arg">brightness</em> is a multiplier of the overall
				4293	brightness of the image, so 0 means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is
				4294	twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="#negate">-negate</a> the image
				4295	before and after. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4296
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4297	<p>The <em class="arg">saturation</em> controls the amount of color in an
				4298	image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as
				4299	200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4300
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4301	<p>The <em class="arg">hue</em> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors
				4302	within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in
				4303	a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
				4304	A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete 180 degree rotation of the
				4305	image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree rotation resulting in no change to
				4306	the original image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4307
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4308	<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
				4309	saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
				4310	href="#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4311
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4312	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> attribute of '<kbd
				4313	class="arg">option:modulate:colorspace</kbd>' to specify which colorspace to
				4314	modulate. Choose from <kbd>HSB</kbd>, <kbd>HSL</kbd> (the default), or
				4315	<kbd>HWB</kbd>. For example,</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4316
				4317	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png</span></p>
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4318
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4319	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4320	<h4><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4321	</div>
				4322
				4323	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>monitor progress.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4324
				4325
				4326	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4327	<h4><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4328	</div>
				4329
				4330	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image to black and white.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4331
				4332
				4333	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4334	<h4><a id="morph"></a>-morph <em class="arg">frames</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4335	</div>
				4336
				4337	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>morphs an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4338
				4339	<p>Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the
				4340	appearance of a meta-morphosis from one image to the next, over all the images
				4341	in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a
				4342	href="#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <em class="arg">frames</em>
				4343	argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
				4344
				4345
				4346	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4347	<h4><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h4>
				4348	<h4>-morphology <em class="arg">method</em> <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4349	</div>
				4350
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4351	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a morphology method to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4352
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4353	<p>Until I get around to writing a option summary for this, see <a
				4354	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
				4355	Morphology</a>. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4356
				4357
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4358	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4359	<h4><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4360	</div>
				4361
				4362	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>an simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4363
				4364
				4365	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4366	<h4><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4367	</div>
				4368
				4369	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate motion blur.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4370
				4371	<p>Blur with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				4372	angle given is the angle toward which the image is blurred. That is the
				4373	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				4374
				4375	<p>Note that the blur is not uniform distribution, giving the motion a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4376	definite sense of direction of movement. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4377
				4378	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4379	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4380	</p>
				4381
				4382	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4383	<h4><a id="name"></a>-name</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4384	</div>
				4385
				4386	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4387	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4388	<h4><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4389	</div>
				4390
cristy	b29bc03	2010-02-01 20:29:43 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4391	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>replace each pixel with its complementary color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4392
				4393	<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="#negate">+negate</a> to only negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
				4394
				4395	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4396	<h4><a id="noise"></a>-noise <em class="arg">radius</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4397	+noise <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
				4398	</div>
				4399
				4400	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add or reduce noise in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4401
				4402	<p>The principal function of noise peak elimination filter is to smooth the objects within an image without losing edge information and without creating undesired structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to replace a pixel with its next neighbor in value within a pixel window, if this pixel has been found to be noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if this pixel is a maximum or minimum within the pixel window.</p>
				4403
				4404	<p>Use <kbd><a href="#noise">-noise</a> <em class="arg">radius</em></kbd> to specify the width of the neighborhood when reducing noise.</p>
				4405
				4406	<p>Use <a href="#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <em class="arg">type</em> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise types:</p>
				4407
				4408	<pre class="text">
				4409	Gaussian
				4410	Impulse
				4411	Laplacian
				4412	Multiplicative
				4413	Poisson
				4414	Random
				4415	Uniform
				4416	</pre>
				4417
				4418	<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
				4419
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4420	<p>Also see the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> noise functions that allos
				4421	the use of a controlling value to specify teh amount of noise that should be
				4422	added to an image. </p>
				4423
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4424
				4425	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4426	<h4><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4427	</div>
				4428
				4429	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4430
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4431	<p>The intensity values are stretched to cover the entire range of possible
				4432	values. While doing so, black-out at most <em>2%</em> of the pixels and
				4433	white-out at most <em>1%</em> of the pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4434
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4435	<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="#normalize" >-normalize</a>
				4436	is equivalent to <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
				4437	(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="#contrast-stretch"
				4438	>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4439
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4440	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
				4441	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4442	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4443	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				4444
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4445	<p>See <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4446	Also see <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4447	that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4448
				4449	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4450
				4451
				4452	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4453	<h4><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <em class="arg">threshold_map</em>{,<em class="arg">level</em>...}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4454	</div>
				4455
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4456	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <em
				4457	class="arg">threshold map</em> specified, and a uniform color map with the
				4458	given number of <em class="arg">levels</em> per color channel . </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4459
				4460	<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
				4461
				4462	<pre class="text">
cristy	a6d7cf7	2010-11-07 15:58:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4463	threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
				4464	checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
				4465	o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
				4466	o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
				4467	o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
				4468	o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
				4469	h4x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
				4470	h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
				4471	h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
				4472	h4x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
				4473	h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
				4474	h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
				4475	h16x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
				4476	c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
				4477	c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
				4478	c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
				4479	c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
				4480	c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
				4481	c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4482	</pre>
				4483
cristy	de36899	2010-11-05 14:32:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4484	<p> The <kbd>checks</kbd> pattern produces a 3 level checkerbord dither
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4485	pattern. Or you can define your own <em class="arg" >threshold map</em> in a
cristy	de36899	2010-11-05 14:32:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4486	personal or system <kbd>thresholds.xml</kbd> XML file. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4487
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4488	<p>To print a complete list of threshold, use the <a href="#list" >-list
				4489	threshold</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4490
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4491	<p>It is recommended that the <a href="#map" >+map</a> operator be used after
				4492	applying <a href="#ordered-dither" >-ordered-dither</a> to reduce the number of
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4493	colors an animated image sequence, to less that 256 colors. This ensures that
				4494	a common or global color table is used when saving the result to a color
				4495	limited file format such as GIF. </p>
				4496
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4497	<p>Note that at this time the exact same threshold dithering map is used for
				4498	all color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for
				4499	different channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. (possible
				4500	future expansion) </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4501
				4502
				4503	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4504	<h4><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4505	</div>
				4506
				4507	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>change this color to the fill color within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4508
cristy	c54f5d4	2009-11-27 21:36:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4509	<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4510	described under the <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
				4511	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
				4512	given.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4513
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4514	<p>Use <a href="#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
				4515	the target color. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4516
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4517	<p>The <a href="#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
				4518	as <a href="#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
				4519	transparency rather than the current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
				4520	To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
				4521	channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</kbd>", for
				4522	the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
				4523	href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4524
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4525
				4526	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4527	<h4><a id="orient"></a>-orient <em class="arg">image orientation</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4528	</div>
				4529
				4530	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify orientation of a digital camera image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4531
				4532	<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
				4533
				4534	<pre class="text">
				4535	bottom-left
				4536	bottom-right
				4537	left-bottom
				4538	left-top
				4539	right-bottom
				4540	right-top
				4541	top-left
				4542	top-right
				4543	undefined
				4544	</pre>
				4545
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4546	<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="#list" >-list
				4547	orientation</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4548
				4549
				4550	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4551	<h4><a id="page"></a>-page <em class="arg">geometry</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4552	-page <em class="arg">media</em>[<em class="arg">offset</em>][{<em class="arg">^!<></em>}]<br/>
				4553	+page
				4554	</h4>
				4555	</div>
				4556
				4557	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the size and location of an image on the larger virtual canvas.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4558
				4559	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4560
				4561	<p>For convenience you can specify the page size using <em class="arg">media</em> (see below). Offsets can then be added as with other <em class="arg">geometry</em> arguments (e.g. <a href="#page">-page</a> <kbd>Letter+43+43</kbd>).</p>
				4562
				4563	<p>Use <em class="arg">media</em> as shorthand to specify the dimensions (<em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>) of the <em class="arg">PostScript</em> page in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels. The choices for a PostScript page are:</p>
				4564	<table id="geometryTable" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="50%" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
				4565	<thead>
				4566	<tr valign="top">
				4567	<th align="center"><em class="arg">media</em></th>
				4568	<th align="center"><em class="arg">width</em></th>
				4569	<th align="center"><em class="arg">height</em></th>
				4570	</tr>
				4571	</thead>
				4572	<tbody>
				4573	<tr><td align="left"> 11x17 </td> <td align="right"> 792</td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> </tr>
				4574	<tr><td align="left"> Ledger </td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4575	<tr><td align="left"> Legal </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 1008</td> </tr>
				4576	<tr><td align="left"> Letter </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4577	<tr><td align="left"> LetterSmall</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4578	<tr><td align="left"> ArchE </td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> <td align="right"> 3456</td> </tr>
				4579	<tr><td align="left"> ArchD </td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> </tr>
				4580	<tr><td align="left"> ArchC </td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> </tr>
				4581	<tr><td align="left"> ArchB </td> <td align="right"> 864</td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> </tr>
				4582	<tr><td align="left"> ArchA </td> <td align="right"> 648</td> <td align="right"> 864</td> </tr>
				4583	<tr><td align="left"> A0 </td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> <td align="right"> 3368</td> </tr>
				4584	<tr><td align="left"> A1 </td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> </tr>
				4585	<tr><td align="left"> A2 </td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> </tr>
				4586	<tr><td align="left"> A3 </td> <td align="right"> 842</td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> </tr>
				4587	<tr><td align="left"> A4 </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
				4588	<tr><td align="left"> A4Small </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
				4589	<tr><td align="left"> A5 </td> <td align="right"> 421</td> <td align="right"> 595</td> </tr>
				4590	<tr><td align="left"> A6 </td> <td align="right"> 297</td> <td align="right"> 421</td> </tr>
				4591	<tr><td align="left"> A7 </td> <td align="right"> 210</td> <td align="right"> 297</td> </tr>
				4592	<tr><td align="left"> A8 </td> <td align="right"> 148</td> <td align="right"> 210</td> </tr>
				4593	<tr><td align="left"> A9 </td> <td align="right"> 105</td> <td align="right"> 148</td> </tr>
				4594	<tr><td align="left"> A10 </td> <td align="right"> 74</td> <td align="right"> 105</td> </tr>
				4595	<tr><td align="left"> B0 </td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> <td align="right"> 4008</td> </tr>
				4596	<tr><td align="left"> B1 </td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> </tr>
				4597	<tr><td align="left"> B2 </td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> </tr>
				4598	<tr><td align="left"> B3 </td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> </tr>
				4599	<tr><td align="left"> B4 </td> <td align="right"> 709</td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> </tr>
				4600	<tr><td align="left"> B5 </td> <td align="right"> 501</td> <td align="right"> 709</td> </tr>
				4601	<tr><td align="left"> C0 </td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> <td align="right"> 3677</td> </tr>
				4602	<tr><td align="left"> C1 </td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> </tr>
				4603	<tr><td align="left"> C2 </td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> </tr>
				4604	<tr><td align="left"> C3 </td> <td align="right"> 918</td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> </tr>
				4605	<tr><td align="left"> C4 </td> <td align="right"> 649</td> <td align="right"> 918</td> </tr>
				4606	<tr><td align="left"> C5 </td> <td align="right"> 459</td> <td align="right"> 649</td> </tr>
				4607	<tr><td align="left"> C6 </td> <td align="right"> 323</td> <td align="right"> 459</td> </tr>
				4608	<tr><td align="left"> Flsa </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
				4609	<tr><td align="left"> Flse </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
				4610	<tr><td align="left"> HalfLetter </td> <td align="right"> 396</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> </tr>
				4611	</tbody>
				4612	</table>
				4613
				4614
				4615
				4616
				4617	<p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this purpose the offsets are always measured from the top left corner of the canvas and are not affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option. To position a GIF or MNG image, use <a href="#page">-page</a><em class="arg">{+-}x{+-}y</em> (e.g. -page +100+200). When writing to a MNG file, a <a href="#page">-page</a> option appearing ahead of the first image in the sequence with nonzero width and height defines the width and height values that are written in the <kbd>MHDR</kbd> chunk. Otherwise, the MNG width and height are computed from the bounding box that contains all images in the sequence. When writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to determine its dimensions.</p>
				4618
				4619	<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <em>lower left-hand corner</em> of the page by {+-}<kbd>x</kbd><em class="arg">offset</em>{+-}<kbd>y</kbd> <em class="arg">offset</em>. Use <a href="#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it is reduced to fit the page. The default gravity for the <a href="#page">-page</a> option is <em class="arg">NorthWest</em>, i.e., positive <kbd>x</kbd> and <kbd>y</kbd> <em class="arg">offset</em> are measured rightward and downward from the top left corner of the page, unless the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with a value other than <em class="arg">NorthWest</em>.</p>
				4620
				4621	<p>The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.</p>
				4622
				4623	<p>This option is used in concert with <a href="#density">-density</a>.</p>
				4624
				4625	<p>Use <a href="#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
				4626
				4627	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4628	<h4><a id="paint"></a>-paint <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4629	</div>
				4630
				4631	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an oil painting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4632
				4633	<p>Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular neighborhood whose width is specified with <em class="arg">radius</em>.</p>
				4634
				4635	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4636	<h4><a id="path"></a>-path <em class="arg">path</em></h4></div>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4637
				4638	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write images to this path on disk.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4639
				4640	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4641	<h4><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4642	</div>
				4643
				4644	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between animation loops.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4645
				4646	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
				4647
				4648	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4649	<h4><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4650	</div>
				4651
				4652	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4653
				4654	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
				4655
				4656	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4657	<h4><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4658	</div>
				4659
				4660	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>efficiently determine image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4661
				4662	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4663	<h4><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4664	</div>
				4665
				4666	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4667
				4668	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4669	<h4><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4670	</div>
				4671
				4672	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a Polaroid picture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4673
				4674	<p>Use <kbd>+polaroid</kbd> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
				4675
				4676	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4677	<h4><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <em class="arg">levels</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4678	</div>
				4679
				4680	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the image to a limited number of color levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4681
				4682	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4683	<h4><a id="precision"></a>-precision <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	d43a46b	2010-01-21 02:13:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4684	</div>
				4685
				4686	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4687
				4688	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4689	<h4><a id="preview"></a>-preview <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4690	</div>
				4691
				4692	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>image preview type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4693
				4694	<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g. <kbd>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</kbd>). Choose from these previews:</p>
				4695
				4696	<pre class="text">
				4697	Rotate
				4698	Shear
				4699	Roll
				4700	Hue
				4701	Saturation
				4702	Brightness
				4703	Gamma
				4704	Spiff
				4705	Dull
				4706	Grayscale
				4707	Quantize
				4708	Despeckle
				4709	ReduceNoise
				4710	Add Noise
				4711	Sharpen
				4712	Blur
				4713	Threshold
				4714	EdgeDetect
				4715	Spread
				4716	Shade
				4717	Raise
				4718	Segment
				4719	Solarize
				4720	Swirl
				4721	Implode
				4722	Wave
				4723	OilPaint
				4724	CharcoalDrawing
				4725	JPEG
				4726	</pre>
				4727
				4728	<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
				4729
				4730	<p>The default preview is <kbd>JPEG</kbd>.</p>
				4731
				4732	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4733	<h4><a id="print"></a>-print <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4734	</div>
				4735
				4736	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>interpret string and print to console.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4737
				4738	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4739	<h4><a id="process"></a>-process <em class="arg">command</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4740	</div>
				4741
				4742	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>process the image with a custom image filter.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4743
				4744	<p>The command arguments has the form <kbd>"module arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN"</kbd> where <kbd>module</kbd> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g. "Analyze") and arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to pass to the process module.</p>
				4745
				4746	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4747	<h4><a id="profile"></a>-profile <em class="arg">filename</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4748	+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></h4>
				4749	</div>
				4750
				4751	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Manage ICM, IPTC, or generic profiles in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4752
				4753	<p>Using <a href="#profile">-profile</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> adds an ICM (ICC color management), IPTC (newswire information), or a generic profile to the image.</p>
				4754
				4755	<p>Use <a href="#profile">+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></a> to remove the indicated profile. ImageMagick uses standard filename globbing, so wildcard expressions may be used to remove more than one profile. Here we remove all profiles from the image except for the XMP profile: <kbd>+profile "!xmp,*"</kbd>. </p>
				4756
				4757	<p>Use <kbd>identify -verbose</kbd> to find out which profiles are in the image file. Use <a href="#strip">-strip</a> to remove all profiles (and comments).</p>
				4758
				4759	<p>To extract a profile, the <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option is not used. Instead, simply write the file to an image format such as <em class="arg">APP1, 8BImageMagick, ICM,</em> or <em class="arg">IPTC</em>.</p>
				4760
				4761	<p>For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files in the <em class="arg">APP1</em> profile), use.</p>
				4762
				4763	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif</span></p>
				4764	<p>It is important to note that results may depend on whether or not the original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a href="#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and therefore a conversion is made each time it is encountered, in order, in the command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
				4765
				4766	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff</span></p>
				4767	<p>Furthermore, since ICC profiles are not necessarily symmetric, extra conversion steps can yield unwanted results.
				4768	CMYK profiles are often very asymmetric since they involve 3−>4 and 4−>3 channel mapping.
				4769	</p>
				4770
				4771	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4772	<h4><a id="quality"></a>-quality <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4773	</div>
				4774
				4775	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4776
cristy	851dbce	2010-08-06 21:40:00 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4777	<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression). The default is to use the estimate quality of your input image otherwise 92. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4778
				4779	<p>For the MIFF image format, quality/10 is the zlib compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				4780
cristy	851dbce	2010-08-06 21:40:00 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4781	<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4782
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4783	<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). For compression level 0, the Huffman-only strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst compression. The default PNG compression is 75.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4784
				4785	<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified filter-type is used for all scanlines:</p>
				4786
				4787	<pre class="text">
				4788	0: none
				4789	1: sub
				4790	2: up
				4791	3: average
				4792	4: Paeth
				4793	</pre>
				4794
				4795	<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is used.</p>
				4796
				4797	<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> is used.</p>
				4798
				4799	<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color transformation and adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> are used.</p>
				4800
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4801	<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance of PNG and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4802
				4803	<p>For further information, see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
				4804
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4805	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4806	<h4><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <em class="arg">colorspace</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4807	</div>
				4808
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4809	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce colors using this colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4810
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4811	<p>This setting defines the colorspace used to sort out and reduce the number
				4812	of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a
				4813	href="#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reducion also happens
				4814	automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
				4815	GIF, and PNG8.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4816
				4817
				4818	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4819	<h4><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4820	</div>
				4821
				4822	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4823
				4824	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4825	<h4><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4826	</div>
				4827
				4828	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur around the center of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4829
				4830	<p>Note that this is actually a rotational blur rather than a radial and as
				4831	such actually mis-named. </p>
				4832
				4833	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4834	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4835	</p>
				4836
				4837
				4838	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4839	<h4><a id="raise"></a>-raise <em class="arg">thickness</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4840	</div>
				4841
				4842	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lighten or darken image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4843
				4844	<p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="#raise">-raise</a> to create a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="#raise">+raise</a>.
				4845	</p>
				4846
				4847	<p>Unlike the similar <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, <a href="#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
				4848
				4849	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4850	<h4><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <em class="arg">low</em>x<em class="arg">high</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4851	</div>
				4852
				4853	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a random threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4854
				4855	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4856	<h4><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4857	</div>
				4858
				4859	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the red chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4860
				4861	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4862	<h4><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4863	</div>
				4864
				4865	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pay attention to warning messages.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4866
				4867	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4868	<h4><a id="remap"></a>-remap <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4869	</div>
				4870
				4871	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4872
				4873	<p>If the <a href="#dither">-dither</a> setting is enabled (the default) then
				4874	the given colors are dithered over the image as necessary, otherwise the closest
				4875	color (in RGB colorspace) is selected to replace that pixel in the image. </p>
				4876
				4877	<p>As a side effect of applying a <a href="#remap">-remap</a> of colors across all
				4878	images in the current image sequence, all the images will have the same color
				4879	table. That means that when saved to a file format such as GIF, it will use
				4880	that color table as a single common or global color table, for all the images,
				4881	without requiring extra local color tables. </p>
				4882
				4883	<p>Use <a href="#remap">+remap</a> to reduce all images in the current image
				4884	sequence to use a common color map over all the images. This equivalent to
				4885	appending all the images together (without extra background colors) and color
				4886	reducing those images using <a href="#colors">-colors</a> with a 256 color
				4887	limit, then <a href="#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original list of
				4888	images. This ensures all the images follow a single color map. </p>
				4889
				4890	<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a
				4891	href="#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
				4892	no color changes are needed. In that case, its only effect is to force the use
				4893	of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a
				4894	href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
				4895	reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
				4896
				4897	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4898	<h4><a id="region"></a>-region <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4899	</div>
				4900
				4901	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4902
				4903	<p>The <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are treated in the same manner as in <a href="#crop">-crop</a>.</p>
				4904
				4905	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4906
				4907	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4908	<h4><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4909	</div>
				4910
				4911	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform a remote operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4912
				4913	<p>The only command recognized is the name of an image file to load.</p>
				4914
				4915	<p>If you have more than one <a href="../www/display.html">display</a> application running simultaneously, use the <a href="#window"> window</a> option to specify which application to control.</p>
				4916
				4917	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4918	<h4><a id="render"></a>-render</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4919	</div>
				4920
				4921	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render vector operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4922
				4923	<p>Use <a href="#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operations. This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
				4924
				4925	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4926	<h4><a id="repage"></a>-repage <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4927	</div>
				4928
				4929	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4930
				4931	<p>This option is like <a href="#page">-page</a> but acts as an image operator
				4932	rather than a setting. You can separately set the canvas size or the offset
				4933	of the image on that canvas by only providing those components. </p>
				4934
				4935	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4936
				4937	<p>If a <kbd>!</kbd> flag is given the offset given is added to the existing
				4938	offset to move the image relative to its previous position. This useful for
				4939	animation sequences. </p>
				4940
				4941	<p>A given a canvas size of zero such as '<kbd>0x0</kbd>' forces it to
				4942	recalculate the canvas size so the image (at its current offset) will appear
				4943	completely on that canvas (unless it has a negative offset).</p>
				4944
				4945	<p>Use <a href="#repage">+repage</a> to completely remove/reset the virtual
				4946	canvas meta-data from the images. </p>
				4947
				4948	<p>The <a href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd>page</kbd>' option can be used to
				4949	directly assign virtual canvas meta-data. </p>
				4950
				4951
				4952	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4953	<h4><a id="resample"></a>-resample <em class="arg">horizontal</em>x<em class="arg">vertical</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4954	</div>
				4955
				4956	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4957
				4958	<p>Resize the image so that its rendered size remains the same as the original at the specified target resolution. For example, if a 300 DPI image renders at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 300 DPI device, when the image has been resampled to 72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72 DPI device. Note that only a small number of image formats (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of storing the image resolution. For formats which do not support an image resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a href="#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the resample resolution.</p>
				4959
				4960	<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				4961
				4962	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4963	<h4><a id="resize"></a>-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4964	</div>
				4965
				4966	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4967
				4968	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				4969
				4970	<p>If the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> option precedes the <a href="#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified filter.</p>
				4971
cristy	1353896	2010-02-26 17:53:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4972	<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
				4973
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4974	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \ <br/> -quality 92 passport.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4975	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4976	<h4><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4977	</div>
				4978
				4979	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4980
				4981	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4982	<h4><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4983	</div>
				4984
				4985	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4986
				4987
				4988	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4989	<h4><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4990	</div>
				4991
				4992	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4993
				4994	<p>A negative <em class="arg">x</em> offset rolls the image left-to-right. A negative <em class="arg">y</em> offset rolls the image top-to-bottom.</p>
				4995
				4996
				4997	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4998	<h4><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <em class="arg">degrees</em>{<em class="arg"><</em>}{<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4999	</div>
				5000
				5001	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5002
				5003	<p>Use <kbd>></kbd> to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the height. <kbd><</kbd> rotates the image <em>only</em> if its width is less than the height. For example, if you specify <kbd>-rotate "-90>"</kbd> and the image size is 480x640, the image is not rotated. However, if the image is 640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use <kbd>></kbd> or <kbd><</kbd>, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent it from being misinterpreted as a file redirection.</p>
				5004
				5005	<p>Empty triangles in the corners, left over from rotating the image, are
				5006	filled with the <kbd>background</kbd> color. </p>
				5007
				5008	<p>See also the <a href="#distort">-distort</a> operator and specifically the
				5009	'<kbd>ScaleRotateTranslate</kbd>' distort method. </p>
				5010
				5011
				5012	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5013	<h4><a id="sample"></a>-sample <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5014	</div>
				5015
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5016	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5017
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5018	<p>Change the image size simply by directly sampling the pixels original
				5019	image. When magnifying, pixels are replicated in blocks. When minifying,
				5020	pixels are sub-sampled (i.e., some rows and columns are skipped over). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5021
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5022	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="#resize">-resize</a> with
				5023	a <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting of <kbd>point</kbd> (nearest
				5024	neighbour), though <a href="#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
				5025	avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it completely ignores
				5026	the current <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				5027
				5028	<p>The key feature of the <a href="#sample">-sample</a> is that no new colors
				5029	will be added to the resulting image, though some colors may disappear. </p>
				5030
				5031	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				5032	ignored, unlike <a href="#resize">-resize</a>. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5033
				5034
				5035	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5036	<h4><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <em class="arg">horizontal-factor</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5037	</div>
				5038
				5039	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5040
				5041	<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2 downsampling method.</p>
				5042
				5043	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5044	<h4><a id="scale"></a>-scale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5045	</div>
				5046
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5047	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5048
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5049	<p>Change the image size simply by replacing pixels by averaging pixels
				5050	together when minifying, or replacing pixels when magnifing. </p>
				5051
				5052	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="#resize">-resize</a> with
				5053	a <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting of <kbd>box</kbd>. Though it is a lot
				5054	faster, as it avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it
				5055	completely ignores the current <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				5056
				5057	<p>If when shrinking (minifying) images the original image is some integer
				5058	multiple of the new image size, the number of pixels avergaed together to
				5059	produce the new pixel color is the same across the whole image. This is
				5060	a special case known as 'binning' and is often used as a method of reducing
				5061	noise in image such as those generated by digital cameras, especially in low
				5062	light conditions. </p>
				5063
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5064
				5065	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5066	<h4><a id="scene"></a>-scene <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5067	</div>
				5068
				5069	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set scene number.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5070
				5071	<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
				5072
				5073	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5074	<h4><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5075	</div>
				5076
				5077	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the screen to capture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5078
				5079	<p>This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap the specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other popups that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
				5080
				5081	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5082	<h4><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5083	</div>
				5084
				5085	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5086
				5087	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5088	<h4><a id="segment"></a>-segment <em class="arg">cluster-threshold</em>x<em class="arg">smoothing-threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5089	</div>
				5090
				5091	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>segment the colors of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5092
				5093	<p>Segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. This is part of the ImageMagick color quantization routines. </p>
				5094
				5095	<p>Specify <em class="arg">cluster threshold</em> as the number of pixels in each cluster that must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid. <em class="arg">Smoothing threshold</em> eliminates noise in the second derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.</p>
				5096
				5097	<p>If the <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> setting is defined, a detailed report
				5098	of the color clusters is returned.</p>
				5099
				5100
				5101	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5102	<h4><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5103	</div>
				5104
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5105	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5106	<h4>-selective-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5107	</div>
				5108
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5109	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5110
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5111	<p>Blurs those pixels that are less than or equal to the threshold in contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> or as a percentage.</p>
				5112
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5113	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5114	<h4><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5115	</div>
				5116
				5117	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="#channel">-channel</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5118
				5119	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5120	<h4><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5121	</div>
				5122
				5123	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a sepia-toned photo.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5124
				5125	<p>Specify <em class="arg">threshold</em> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				5126
				5127	<p>This option applies a special effect to the image, similar to the effect achieved in a photo darkroom by sepia toning. Threshold ranges from 0 to <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> and is a measure of the extent of the sepia toning. A threshold of 80% is a good starting point for a reasonable tone.</p>
				5128
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5129
				5130
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5131	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5132	<h4><a id="set"></a>-set <em class="arg">key value</em></h4>
				5133	<h4>+set <em class="arg">key</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5134	</div>
				5135
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5136	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sets image attributes and properties for images in the current
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5137	image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5138
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5139	<p>This will assign (or modify) specific settings attached to all the images
				5140	in the current image sequence. Using the <a href="#set">+set</a> form of the
				5141	option will either remove, or reset that setting to a default state, as
				5142	appropriate. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5143
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5144	<p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
				5145	'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a
				5146	href="#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="#dispose" >-dispose</a>, and <a
				5147	href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#colorspace" >-colorspace</a>; generally
				5148	assigned before the image is read in, by using a <em class="arg">key</em> of
				5149	the same name. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5150
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5151	<p>If the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match a specific known
				5152	'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5153	'properity' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="#verbose"
				5154	>-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format) as "Properties".
				5155	</p>
				5156
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5157	<p>This includes string 'properities' that are set by and assigned to images
				5158	using the options <a href="#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="#label"
				5159	>-label</a>, <a href="#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
				5160	a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent
				5161	Escapes</a> expanded) to images as they are read in. For example:</p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5162
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5163	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png</span><span class='crtout'>identify -format %c rose.png</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose</span></p>
				5164	<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
				5165	Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
				5166
				5167	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \</span><span class='crtout'> -format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23</span></p>
				5168	<p>Other well known 'properities' that can be include:
				5169	'<kbd>date:create</kbd>' and '<kbd>date:modify</kbd>' and
				5170	'<kbd>signature</kbd>'. </p>
				5171
				5172	<p>The <a href="#repage">-repage</a> operator will also allow you to modify
				5173	the '<kbd>page</kbd>' attribute of an image for images already in memory (also
				5174	see <a href="#repage">-page</a>). However it is designed to provide a finer
				5175	control of the sub-parts of this 'attribute'. The <a href="#set">-set page</a>
				5176	option will only provide a direct, unmodified assignment of '<kbd>page</kbd>'
				5177	attribute. </p>
				5178
				5179	<p>This option can also associate a colorspace or profile with your image.
				5180	For example,</p>
				5181
				5182	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd</span></p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5183	<p>Some 'properties' must be defined in a specific way to be used. For
				5184	example only 'properties' prefixed with "<kbd>filename:</kbd>" can be used to
				5185	modify the output filename of an image. For example</p>
				5186
				5187	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'</span></p>
				5188	<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<kbd>option:</kbd>" the setting will
				5189	be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5190	href="#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are globel in scope, they
				5191	can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properities' of one specific image,
				5192	in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
				5193	the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
				5194
				5195	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \</span><span class='crtout'> label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif</span></p>
				5196	<p>Note that <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
				5197	a 'artifact' if the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match an existing
				5198	'attribute' or 'properity'. </p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5199
				5200	<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
				5201	with <kbd>registry:</kbd>.</p>
				5202
				5203
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5204
				5205	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5206	<h4><a id="shade"></a>-shade <em class="arg">azimuth</em>x<em class="arg">elevation</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5207	</div>
				5208
				5209	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shade the image using a distant light source.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5210
				5211	<p>Specify <em class="arg">azimuth</em> and <em class="arg">elevation</em> as the position of the light source. Use <a href="#shade">+shade</a> to return the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
				5212
				5213	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5214	<h4><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <em class="arg">percent-opacity</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5215	</div>
				5216
				5217	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an image shadow.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5218
				5219	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5220	<h4><a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5221	id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h4>
				5222	</div>
				5223
				5224	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use shared memory.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5225
				5226	<p>This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared memory for pixmaps. ImageMagick must be compiled with shared memory support, and the display must support the <em class="arg">MIT-SHM</em> extension. Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <kbd>True</kbd>.</p>
				5227
				5228	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5229	<h4><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5230	</div>
				5231
				5232	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5233
				5234	<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
				5235
				5236	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5237	<h4><a id="shave"></a>-shave <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5238	</div>
				5239
				5240	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shave pixels from the image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5241
				5242	<p>The <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument specifies the width of the region to be removed from both sides of the image and the height of the regions to be removed from top and bottom. Offsets are ignored.</p>
				5243
				5244	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5245
				5246	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5247	<h4><a id="shear"></a>-shear <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>[x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5248	</div>
				5249
				5250	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5251
				5252	<p>The shear angles may be positive, negative, or zero. When <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> is omitted it defaults to 0. When both angles are given, the horizontal component of the shear is performed before the vertical component.</p>
				5253
				5254	<p>Shearing slides one edge of an image along the x-axis or y-axis (i.e., horizontally or vertically, respectively),creating a parallelogram. The amount of each is controlled by the respective shear angle. For horizontal shears, <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em> is measured clockwise relative to "up" (the negative y-axis), sliding the top edge to the right when 0°<<em class="arg">Xdegrees</em><90° and to the left when 90°<<em class="arg">Xdegrees</em><180°. For vertical shears <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> is measured clockwise relative to "right" (the positive x-axis), sliding the right edge down when 0°<<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em><90° and up when 90°<<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em><180°.</p>
				5255
				5256	<p>Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color defined by the <a href="#fill">-background</a> option. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5257
				5258	<p>The horizontal shear is performed before the vertical part. This is important to note, since horizontal and vertical shears do not <em>commute</em>, i.e., the order matters in a sequence of shears. For example, the following two commands are not equivalent.</p>
				5259
				5260	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
				5261	<p>The first of the two commands above is equivalent to the following, except for the amount of empty space created; the command that follows generates a smaller image, and so is a better choice in terms of time and space.</p>
				5262
				5263	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
				5264	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5265	<h4><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <em class="arg">contrast</em>x<em class="arg">mid-point</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5266	</div>
				5267
				5268	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5269
				5270	<p>Increase the contrast of the image using a sigmoidal transfer function without saturating highlights or shadows. <em class="arg">Contrast</em> indicates how much to increase the contrast (0 is none; 3 is typical; 20 is a lot); <em class="arg">mid-point</em> indicates where midtones fall in the resultant image (0 is white; 50% is middle-gray; 100% is black). By default the image contrast is increased, use <em class="arg">+sigmoidal-contrast</em> to decrease the contrast.</p>
				5271
				5272	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5273	<h4><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5274	</div>
				5275
				5276	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>operate silently.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5277
				5278	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5279	<h4><a id="size"></a>-size <em class="arg">width</em>[x<em class="arg">height</em>][<em class="arg">+offset</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5280	</div>
				5281
				5282	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the width and height of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5283
				5284	<p>Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose dimensions are unknown such as <kbd>GRAY</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYK</kbd>. In addition to width and height, use <a href="#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the image or tell the number of colors in a <kbd>MAP</kbd> image file, (e.g. -size 640x512+256).</p>
				5285
				5286	<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
				5287
				5288	<pre class="text">
				5289	192x128
				5290	384x256
				5291	768x512
				5292	1536x1024
				5293	3072x2048
				5294	</pre>
				5295
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5296	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5297	<h4><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5298	</div>
				5299
				5300	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a pencil sketch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5301
				5302	<p>Sketch with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The angle given is the angle toward which the image is sketched. That is the direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				5303
				5304	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5305	<h4><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5306	</div>
				5307
				5308	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the number of screen snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5309
				5310	<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
				5311
				5312	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5313	<h4><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5314	</div>
				5315
				5316	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>negate all pixels above the threshold level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5317
				5318	<p>Specify <em class="arg">factor</em> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				5319
				5320	<p>This option produces a <em class="arg">solarization</em> effect seen when exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
				5321
				5322	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5323	<h4><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5324	class="arg">method</em> '<em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em> ...'</h4>
				5325	</div>
				5326
				5327	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filling the other intervening colors using the given methods. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5328
				5329
				5330	<table class="doc">
				5331	<tbody>
				5332	<tr valign="top">
				5333	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				5334	<th align="left">Description</th>
				5335	</tr>
				5336
				5337	<tr valign="top">
				5338	<td valign="top">voronoi</td>
				5339	<td valign="top">Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
				5340	given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </td>
				5341	</tr>
				5342
				5343	<tr valign="top">
				5344	<td valign="top">shepards</td>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5345	<td valign="top">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5346	squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
				5347	colors. </td>
				5348	</tr>
				5349
				5350	<tr valign="top">
				5351	<td valign="top">barycentric</td>
				5352	<td valign="top">three point triangle of color given 3 points.
				5353	Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
				5354	Gradient is however not restricted to just the triangle or line. </td>
				5355	</tr>
				5356
				5357	<tr valign="top">
				5358	<td valign="top">bilinear</td>
				5359	<td valign="top">Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
				5360	fall back to barycentric. </td>
				5361	</tr>
				5362
				5363	</tbody>
				5364	</table>
				5365
				5366	<p>The points are placed according to the images location on the virtual
				5367	canvas (<a href="#page" >-page</a> or <a href="#repage" >-repage</a>
				5368	offset), and do not actually have to exist on the given image, but may be
				5369	some point beyond the edge of the image. All points are floating point values.
				5370	</p>
				5371
				5372	<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> are
				5373	modified, whcih means the matte/alpha transparency channel is not effected by
				5374	default. If enabled, the image also needs a the matte/alpha channel to be
				5375	enabled for this operator to effect an images transparency. This is typical
				5376	transparency handling for images. </p>
				5377
				5378	<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
				5379	the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
				5380	logical, and provides an alternative technique to recolor a image to some
				5381	default value. </p>
				5382
				5383
				5384	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5385	<h4><a id="splice"></a>-splice <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5386	</div>
				5387
				5388	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Splice the current background color into the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5389
				5390	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. See <a href="#background">-background</a> to reset the background color.</p>
				5391
				5392	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5393	<h4><a id="spread"></a>-spread <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5394	</div>
				5395
				5396	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image pixels by a random amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5397
				5398	<p>The argument <em class="arg">amount</em> defines the size of the neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to swap.</p>
				5399
				5400	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5401	<h4><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <em class="arg">offset</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5402	</div>
				5403
				5404	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>hide watermark within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5405
				5406	<p>Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will need this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size 320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
				5407
				5408	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5409	<h4><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <em class="arg">+x</em>{<em class="arg">+y</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5410	</div>
				5411
				5412	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>composite two images to create a stereo anaglyph.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5413
				5414	<p>The left side of the stereo pair is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side is saved as the green channel. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
				5415
				5416	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5417	<h4><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5418	</div>
				5419
				5420	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5421
				5422	<pre class="text">
				5423	char store pixels as unsigned characters
				5424	double store pixels as doubles
				5425	float store pixels as floats
				5426	integer store pixels as integers
				5427	long store pixels as longs
				5428	quantum store pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution
				5429	short store pixels as unsigned shorts
				5430	</pre>
				5431
				5432	<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
				5433	values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
				5434
				5435	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5436	<h4><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <em class="arg">fontStretch</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5437	</div>
				5438
				5439	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5440
				5441	<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStretch</em> from the following.</p>
				5442
				5443	<pre class="text">
				5444	Any
				5445	Condensed
				5446	Expanded
				5447	ExtraCondensed
				5448	ExtraExpanded
				5449	Normal
				5450	SemiCondensed
				5451	SemiExpanded
				5452	UltraCondensed
				5453	UltraExpanded
				5454	</pre>
				5455
				5456	<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="#list">-list stretch</a>.</p>
				5457
				5458	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				5459
				5460	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5461	<h4><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5462	</div>
				5463
				5464	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>strip the image of any profiles or comments.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5465
				5466	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5467	<h4><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5468	</div>
				5469
				5470	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5471
				5472	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5473
				5474	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5475
				5476	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5477	<h4><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5478	</div>
				5479
				5480	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the stroke width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5481
				5482	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5483
				5484	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5485	<h4><a id="style"></a>-style <em class="arg">fontStyle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5486	</div>
				5487
				5488	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font style for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5489
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5490	<p>This setting suggests a font style that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				5491	the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStyle</em> from
				5492	the following.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5493
				5494	<pre class="text">
				5495	Any
				5496	Italic
				5497	Normal
				5498	Oblique
				5499	</pre>
				5500
				5501	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				5502
				5503	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5504	<h4><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h4>
cristy	ae6203d	2010-08-09 01:12:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5505	</div>
				5506
cristy	d4d64ed	2010-08-22 22:19:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5507	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>search for subimage.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5508
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5509	<p>This option is required to have compare search for the best match location
				5510	of a small image within a larger image. This search will produce two images
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5511	(or two frames). The first is the "difference" image and the second will
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5512	be the "match score" image.</p>
				5513
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5514	<p>The "match-score" image is smaller containing a pixel for ever possible
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5515	position of the top-left corner of the given sub-image. that is its size will
				5516	be the size of the larger_image - sub_image + 1. The brightest location in
				5517	this image is the location s the locate on the best match that is also
				5518	reported. Note that this may or may nor be a perfect match, and the actual
				5519	brightness will reflect this. Other bright 'peaks' can be used to locate other
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5520	possible matching loctions. </p>
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5521
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5522	<p>Note that the search will try to compare teh sub-image at every possible
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5523	location in the larger image, as such it can be very slow. The smaller the
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5524	sub-image the faster this search is. </p>
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5525
cristy	ae6203d	2010-08-09 01:12:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5526
				5527	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5528	<h4><a id="swap"></a>-swap <em class="arg">index,index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5529	</div>
				5530
				5531	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5532
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5533	<p>For example, <a href="#swap">-swap 0,2</a> swaps the first and the third
				5534	images in the current image sequence. Use <a href="#swap">+swap</a> to switch
				5535	the last two images in the sequence.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5536
				5537	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5538	<h4><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <em class="arg">degrees</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5539	</div>
				5540
				5541	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>swirl image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5542
				5543	<p><em class="arg">Degrees</em> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
				5544
				5545	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5546	<h4><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h4>
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5547	</div>
				5548
				5549	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>synchronize image to storage device.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5550
				5551	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5552	<h4><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5553	</div>
				5554
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5555	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mark the image as modified.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5556
				5557	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5558	<h4><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5559	</div>
				5560
				5561	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>font for writing fixed-width text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5562
				5563	<p>Specifies the name of the preferred font to use in fixed (typewriter style) formatted text. The default is 14 point <em class="arg">Courier</em>.</p>
				5564
				5565	<p>You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or OPTION1 font. For example, <kbd>Courier.ttf</kbd> is a TrueType font and <kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is OPTION1.</p>
				5566
				5567	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5568	<h4><a id="texture"></a>-texture <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5569	</div>
				5570
				5571	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name of texture to tile onto the image background.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5572
				5573	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5574	<h4><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5575	</div>
				5576
				5577	<!-- {<em class="arg">green,blue,opacity</em>}
				5578	<p>If the green or blue value is omitted, these channels use the same value as the first one provided. If all three color values are the same, the result is a bi-level image. If the opacity threshold is omitted, OpaqueOpacity is used and any partially transparent pixel becomes fully transparent.</p>
				5579	-->
				5580
				5581	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5582
				5583	<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the maximum channel value, while all other values are assigned the minimum.</p>
				5584
				5585	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value corresponding to the desired channel value. When given as an integer, the minimum attainable value is 0 (corresponding to black when all channels are affected), but the maximum value (corresponding to white) is that of the <kbd>quantum depth</kbd> of the particular build of ImageMagick, and is therefore dependent on the installation. For that reason, a reasonable recommendation for most applications is to specify the threshold values as a percentage.
				5586	</p>
				5587
				5588	<p> The following would force pixels with red values above 50% to have 100% red values, while those at or below 50% red would be set to 0 in the red channel. The green, blue, and alpha channels (if present) would be unchanged. </p>
				5589
				5590	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png</span></p>
				5591	<p>As (possibly) impractical but instructive examples, the following would generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the input image.</p>
				5592
				5593
				5594	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -threshold -1 white.png</span></p>
				5595	<p>Note that the values of the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				5596	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				5597
				5598	<p> See also <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
				5599	</p>
				5600
				5601	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5602	<h4><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5603	</div>
				5604
				5605	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Create a thumbnail of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5606
				5607	<p>This is similar to <a href="#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized for speed and any image profile, other than a color profile, is removed to reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a href="#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
				5608
				5609	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5610
				5611	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5612	<h4><a id="tile"></a>-tile <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5613	</div>
				5614
				5615	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5616
				5617	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5618	<h4>-tile <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
				5619	</div>
				5620
				5621	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the layout of images .</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5622
				5623	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5624
				5625	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5626	<h4>-tile</h4>
				5627	</div>
				5628
				5629	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5630
				5631	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5632	<h4><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5633	</div>
				5634
				5635	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5636
				5637	<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="#tile" >-tile</a> or <a href="#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for creating a tiled canvas using <kbd>TILE:</kbd> or <kbd>PATTERN:</kbd> input formats. </p>
				5638
				5639	<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
				5640
				5641	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5642	<h4><a id="tint"></a>-tint <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5643	</div>
				5644
				5645	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Tint the image with the fill color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5646
				5647	<p>Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				5648
				5649	<p>Specify the amount of tinting as a percentage. Pure colors like black, white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such as the various shades of grey.</p>
				5650
				5651	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5652	<h4><a id="title"></a>-title <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5653	</div>
				5654
				5655	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a title to displayed image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>, <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5656
				5657	<p>Use this option to assign a specific title to the image. This assigned to the image window and is typically displayed in the window title bar. Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, Exif data, or other image attribute by embedding special format characters described under the <a href="#format">-format</a> option.</p>
				5658
				5659	<p>For example,</p>
				5660
				5661	<p class="crtsnip">
				5662	-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
				5663	</p>
				5664
				5665	<p>produces an image title of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</p>
				5666
				5667
				5668	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5669	<h4><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5670	</div>
				5671
				5672	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5673
				5674	<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
				5675
				5676	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg</span></p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5677
				5678	<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
				5679	href="#distort">-distort</a> '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' method. </p>
				5680
				5681
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5682	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5683	<h4><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5684	</div>
				5685
				5686	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make this color transparent within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5687
				5688	<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
				5689	described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
				5690	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
				5691	given. </p>
				5692
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5693	<p>Use <a href="#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
				5694	that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
				5695
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5696	<p>The <a href="#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5697	href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
				5698	current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
				5699	However the <a href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
				5700	that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha"
				5701	>-alpha</a> set</kbd>", and does not require you to modify the <a
				5702	href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5703
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5704	<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
				5705	used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
				5706	href="#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5707
				5708
				5709	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5710	<h4><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5711	</div>
				5712
				5713	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the transparent color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5714
				5715	<p>Sometimes this is used for saving to image formats such as
				5716	GIF and PNG8 which uses this color to represent boolean transparency. This
				5717	does not make a color transparent, it only defines what color the transparent
				5718	color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a
				5719	href="#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
				5720
				5721	<p>This option allows you to have both an opaque visible color, as well as a
				5722	transparent color of the same color value without conflict. That is, you can
				5723	use the same color for both the transparent and opaque color areas within an
				5724	image. This, in turn, frees to you to select a transparent color that is
				5725	appropriate when an image is displayed by an application that does not handle a
				5726	transparent color index, while allowing ImageMagick to correctly handle images of this
				5727	type. </p>
				5728
				5729	<p>The default transparent color is <kbd>#00000000</kbd>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
				5730
				5731	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5732	<h4><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5733	</div>
				5734
				5735	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5736
				5737	<p> This option mathematically transposes the pixel array. It is equivalent to the sequence <kbd>-flip -rotate 90</kbd>.
				5738	</p>
				5739
				5740	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5741	<h4><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5742	</div>
				5743
				5744	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <kbd>-flop -rotate 90</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5745
				5746
				5747	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5748	<h4><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5749	</div>
				5750
				5751	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5752
				5753	<p>Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A value of zero or one causes the use of an optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				5754
				5755	<p>An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory. However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure the best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to the <a href="../www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
				5756
				5757	<p>The <a href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a> option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is required for this option to take effect.</p>
				5758
				5759	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5760	<h4><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5761	</div>
				5762
				5763	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>trim an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5764
				5765	<p>This option removes any edges that are exactly the same color as the corner pixels. Use <a href="#fuzz">-fuzz</a> to make <a href="#trim">-trim</a> remove edges that are nearly the same color as the corner pixels.</p>
				5766
				5767	<p>The page or virtual canvas information of the image is preserved allowing
				5768	you to extract the result of the <a href="#trim">-trim</a> operation from the
				5769	image. Use a <a href="#repage">+repage</a> to remove the virtual canvas page
				5770	information if it is unwanted.</p>
				5771
				5772	<p>If the trimmed image 'disappears' an warning is produced, and a special
				5773	single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, in the same way as when a
				5774	<a href="#crop">-crop</a> operation 'misses' the image proper. </p>
				5775
				5776
				5777	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5778	<h4><a id="type"></a>-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5779	</div>
				5780
				5781	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5782	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Bilevel</kbd>, <kbd>Grayscale</kbd>, <kbd>GrayscaleMatte</kbd>, <kbd>Palette</kbd>, <kbd>PaletteMatte</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColor</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColorMatte</kbd>, <kbd>ColorSeparation</kbd>, or <kbd>ColorSeparationMatte</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5783
				5784	<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a href="#type">-type</a> option can be used to overrride this behavior. For example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
				5785
				5786	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg</span></p>
				5787	<p>Similarly, use <a href="#type">-type TrueColorMatte</a> to force the encoder to write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the output format supports transparency.</p>
				5788
				5789	<p>Use <a href="#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
				5790
				5791	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5792	<h4><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5793	</div>
				5794
				5795	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the color of the annotation bounding box.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5796
				5797	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5798
				5799	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5800
				5801
				5802	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5803	<h4><a id="update"></a>-update <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5804	</div>
				5805
				5806	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5807
				5808	<p>Suppose that while you are displaying an image the file that is currently displayed is over-written. <kbd>display</kbd> will automagically detect that the input file has been changed and update the displayed image accordingly.</p>
				5809
				5810
				5811	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5812	<h4><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5813	</div>
				5814
				5815	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>discard all but one of any pixel color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5816
				5817
				5818	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5819	<h4><a id="units"></a>-units <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5820	</div>
				5821
				5822	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the units of image resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5823
				5824	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Undefined</kbd>, <kbd>PixelsPerInch</kbd>, or <kbd>PixelsPerCentimeter</kbd>. This option is normally used in conjunction with the <a href="#density">-density</a> option.</p>
				5825
				5826
				5827	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5828	<h4><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+amount</em>}{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5829	</div>
				5830
				5831	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5832
				5833	<p>The <a href="#unsharp">-unsharp</a> option sharpens an image. The image is convolved with a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma). For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma. Use a radius of 0 to have the method select a suitable radius.</p>
				5834
				5835	<p>The parameters are:</p>
				5836
				5837	<pre class="text">
				5838	radius: The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
				5839	pixel (default 0).
				5840	sigma: The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).
				5841	amount: The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur
				5842	image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).
				5843	threshold: The threshold, as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, needed to apply the
				5844	difference amount (default 0.05).
				5845	</pre>
				5846
				5847
				5848	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5849	<h4><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5850	</div>
				5851
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5852	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="#identify">-identify</a> option or <kbd>info:</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5853
				5854
				5855	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5856	<h4><a id="version"></a>-version</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5857	</div>
				5858
				5859	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print ImageMagick version string and exit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5860
				5861
				5862	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5863	<h4><a id="view"></a>-view <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5864	</div>
				5865
				5866	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>FlashPix viewing parameters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5867
				5868
				5869	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5870	<h4><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5871	</div>
				5872
				5873	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5874
				5875
				5876	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5877	<h4><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5878	</div>
				5879
				5880	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify contents of <em>virtual pixels</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5881
				5882	<p>This option defines what color source should be used if and when a color
				5883	lookup completely 'misses' the source image. The color(s) that appear to
				5884	surround the source image. Generally this color is derived from the source
				5885	image, but could also be set to a specify background color. </p>
				5886
				5887	<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
				5888
				5889	<pre class="text">
				5890	background: the area surrounding the image is the background color
				5891	black: the area surrounding the image is black
				5892	checker-tile: alternate squares with image and background color
				5893	dither: non-random 32x32 dithered pattern
				5894	edge: extend the edge pixel toward infinity
				5895	gray: the area surrounding the image is gray
				5896	horizontal-tile: horizontally tile the image, background color above/below
				5897	horizontal-tile-edge: horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
				5898	mirror: mirror tile the image
				5899	random: choose a random pixel from the image
				5900	tile: tile the image (default)
				5901	transparent: the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness
				5902	vertical-tile: vertically tile the image, sides are background color
				5903	vertical-tile-edge: vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
				5904	white: the area surrounding the image is white
				5905	</pre>
				5906
				5907	<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
				5908
				5909	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
				5910	>-distort</a>, <a href="#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="#fx" >-fx</a>.
				5911	However it also effects operations that may access pixels just outside the
				5912	image proper, such as <a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
				5913	href="#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
				5914
				5915	<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a href="#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
				5916
				5917
				5918	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5919	<h4><a id="visual"></a>-visual <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5920	</div>
				5921
				5922	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Animate images using this X visual type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5923
				5924	<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
				5925
				5926	<pre class="text">
				5927	StaticGray
				5928	GrayScale
				5929	StaticColor
				5930	PseudoColor
				5931	TrueColor
				5932	DirectColor
				5933	default
				5934	visual id
				5935	</pre>
				5936
				5937	<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs. If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
				5938
				5939
				5940	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5941	<h4><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5942	class="arg">brightness</em>x<em class="arg">saturation</em></h4>
				5943	</div>
				5944
				5945	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and
				5946	saturation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5947
				5948	<p>Take a grayscale image (with alpha mask) and modify the destination image's
				5949	brightness according to watermark image's grayscale value and the <em
				5950	class="arg">brightness</em> percentage. The destinations color saturation
				5951	attribute is just direct modified by the <em class="arg">saturation</em>
				5952	percentage, which defaults to 100 percent (no color change). </p>
				5953
				5954
				5955	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5956	<h4><a id="wave"></a>-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em><br />-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em>x<em class="arg">wavelength</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5957	</div>
				5958
				5959	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5960
				5961	<p>Specify <em class="arg">amplitude</em> and <em class="arg">wavelength</em> of the wave.</p>
				5962
				5963	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5964	<h4><a id="weight"></a>-weight <em class="arg">fontWeight</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5965	</div>
				5966
				5967	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font weight for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5968
				5969	<p>This setting suggests a font weight that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Use a positive integer for <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> or select from the following.</p>
				5970
				5971	<table class="doc">
				5972	<col width="25%" />
				5973	<col width="75%" />
				5974	<thead>
				5975	<tr>
				5976	<th><em class="arg">fontWeight</em></th>
				5977	<th>Description</th>
				5978	</tr>
				5979	</thead>
				5980	<tbody>
				5981	<tr><td>All </td> <td>No effect. </td></tr>
				5982	<tr><td>Bold </td> <td>Same as <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> = 700.</td></tr>
				5983	<tr><td>Bolder </td> <td>Add 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 800.</td></tr>
				5984	<tr><td>Lighter </td> <td>Subtract 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 100.</td></tr>
				5985	<tr><td>Normal </td> <td>Same as <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> = 400.</td></tr>
				5986	</tbody>
				5987	</table>
				5988
				5989	<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="#list">-list weight</a>.</p>
				5990
				5991	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#style">-style</a>. </p>
				5992
				5993	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5994	<h4><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5995	</div>
				5996
				5997	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>chromaticity white point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5998
				5999	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6000	<h4><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6001	</div>
				6002
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6003	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6004
				6005	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>] corresponding to the desired <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> for more details on thresholds and resulting values.
				6006	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6007
				6008	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6009	<h4><a id="window"></a>-window <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6010	</div>
				6011
				6012	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make the image the background of a window.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				6013
				6014	<p><em class="arg">id</em> can be a window id or name. Specify <kbd>root</kbd> to select X's root window as the target window.</p>
				6015
				6016	<p>By default the image is tiled onto the background of the target window. If <kbd>backdrop</kbd> or <a href="#geometry">-resize</a> are specified, the image is surrounded by the background color. Refer to <kbd>X RESOURCES</kbd> for details.</p>
				6017
				6018	<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a href="#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
				6019
				6020	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6021	<h4><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6022	</div>
				6023
				6024	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the window group.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6025
				6026	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6027	<h4><a id="write"></a>-write <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6028	</div>
				6029
				6030	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6031	<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="#write">-write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="#write">+write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option.</p>
				6032
				6033	<p>Use <a href="#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6034	</div>
				6035	</div>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6036
				6037	</div>
				6038
				6039	<div id="linkbar">
cristy	ce69bb0	2010-07-27 19:49:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6040	<span id="linkbar-west"> </span>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6041	<span id="linkbar-center">
				6042	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/discourse-server/">Discourse Server</a> •
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6043	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/MagickStudio/scripts/MagickStudio.cgi">Studio</a>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6044	</span>
				6045	<span id="linkbar-east"> </span>
				6046	</div>
				6047	<div class="footer">
cristy	7e41fe8	2010-12-04 23:12:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6048	<span id="footer-west">© 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC</span>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6049	<span id="footer-east"> <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/script/contact.php">Contact the Wizards</a></span>
				6050	</div>
				6051	<div style="clear: both; margin: 0; width: 100%; "></div>
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6052	<script type="text/javascript">
				6053	var _gaq = _gaq \|\| [];
				6054	_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-17690367-1']);
				6055	_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
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				6058	var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;
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				6061	})();
				6062	</script>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6063	</body>
				6064	</html>