lib/CodeGen/MachineScheduler.cpp

//===- MachineScheduler.cpp - Machine Instruction Scheduler ---------------===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// MachineScheduler schedules machine instructions after phi elimination. It
// preserves LiveIntervals so it can be invoked before register allocation.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#define DEBUG_TYPE "misched"

#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineScheduler.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/OwningPtr.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/PriorityQueue.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/AliasAnalysis.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/LiveIntervalAnalysis.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineDominators.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineLoopInfo.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineRegisterInfo.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/Passes.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/RegisterClassInfo.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/ScheduleDFS.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/ScheduleHazardRecognizer.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
#include "llvm/Support/GraphWriter.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include "llvm/Target/TargetInstrInfo.h"
#include <queue>

using namespace llvm;

namespace llvm {
cl::opt<bool> ForceTopDown("misched-topdown", cl::Hidden,
                           cl::desc("Force top-down list scheduling"));
cl::opt<bool> ForceBottomUp("misched-bottomup", cl::Hidden,
                            cl::desc("Force bottom-up list scheduling"));
}

#ifndef NDEBUG
static cl::opt<bool> ViewMISchedDAGs("view-misched-dags", cl::Hidden,
  cl::desc("Pop up a window to show MISched dags after they are processed"));

static cl::opt<unsigned> MISchedCutoff("misched-cutoff", cl::Hidden,
  cl::desc("Stop scheduling after N instructions"), cl::init(~0U));
#else
static bool ViewMISchedDAGs = false;
#endif // NDEBUG

static cl::opt<bool> EnableLoadCluster("misched-cluster", cl::Hidden,
  cl::desc("Enable load clustering."), cl::init(true));

// Experimental heuristics
static cl::opt<bool> EnableMacroFusion("misched-fusion", cl::Hidden,
  cl::desc("Enable scheduling for macro fusion."), cl::init(true));

static cl::opt<bool> VerifyScheduling("verify-misched", cl::Hidden,
  cl::desc("Verify machine instrs before and after machine scheduling"));

// DAG subtrees must have at least this many nodes.
static const unsigned MinSubtreeSize = 8;

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// Machine Instruction Scheduling Pass and Registry
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

MachineSchedContext::MachineSchedContext():
    MF(0), MLI(0), MDT(0), PassConfig(0), AA(0), LIS(0) {
  RegClassInfo = new RegisterClassInfo();
}

MachineSchedContext::~MachineSchedContext() {
  delete RegClassInfo;
}

namespace {
/// MachineScheduler runs after coalescing and before register allocation.
class MachineScheduler : public MachineSchedContext,
                         public MachineFunctionPass {
public:
  MachineScheduler();

  virtual void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const;

  virtual void releaseMemory() {}

  virtual bool runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction&);

  virtual void print(raw_ostream &O, const Module* = 0) const;

  static char ID; // Class identification, replacement for typeinfo
};
} // namespace

char MachineScheduler::ID = 0;

char &llvm::MachineSchedulerID = MachineScheduler::ID;

INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(MachineScheduler, "misched",
                      "Machine Instruction Scheduler", false, false)
INITIALIZE_AG_DEPENDENCY(AliasAnalysis)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(SlotIndexes)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(LiveIntervals)
INITIALIZE_PASS_END(MachineScheduler, "misched",
                    "Machine Instruction Scheduler", false, false)

MachineScheduler::MachineScheduler()
: MachineFunctionPass(ID) {
  initializeMachineSchedulerPass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
}

void MachineScheduler::getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const {
  AU.setPreservesCFG();
  AU.addRequiredID(MachineDominatorsID);
  AU.addRequired<MachineLoopInfo>();
  AU.addRequired<AliasAnalysis>();
  AU.addRequired<TargetPassConfig>();
  AU.addRequired<SlotIndexes>();
  AU.addPreserved<SlotIndexes>();
  AU.addRequired<LiveIntervals>();
  AU.addPreserved<LiveIntervals>();
  MachineFunctionPass::getAnalysisUsage(AU);
}

MachinePassRegistry MachineSchedRegistry::Registry;

/// A dummy default scheduler factory indicates whether the scheduler
/// is overridden on the command line.
static ScheduleDAGInstrs *useDefaultMachineSched(MachineSchedContext *C) {
  return 0;
}

/// MachineSchedOpt allows command line selection of the scheduler.
static cl::opt<MachineSchedRegistry::ScheduleDAGCtor, false,
               RegisterPassParser<MachineSchedRegistry> >
MachineSchedOpt("misched",
                cl::init(&useDefaultMachineSched), cl::Hidden,
                cl::desc("Machine instruction scheduler to use"));

static MachineSchedRegistry
DefaultSchedRegistry("default", "Use the target's default scheduler choice.",
                     useDefaultMachineSched);

/// Forward declare the standard machine scheduler. This will be used as the
/// default scheduler if the target does not set a default.
static ScheduleDAGInstrs *createConvergingSched(MachineSchedContext *C);


/// Decrement this iterator until reaching the top or a non-debug instr.
static MachineBasicBlock::iterator
priorNonDebug(MachineBasicBlock::iterator I, MachineBasicBlock::iterator Beg) {
  assert(I != Beg && "reached the top of the region, cannot decrement");
  while (--I != Beg) {
    if (!I->isDebugValue())
      break;
  }
  return I;
}

/// If this iterator is a debug value, increment until reaching the End or a
/// non-debug instruction.
static MachineBasicBlock::iterator
nextIfDebug(MachineBasicBlock::iterator I, MachineBasicBlock::iterator End) {
  for(; I != End; ++I) {
    if (!I->isDebugValue())
      break;
  }
  return I;
}

/// Top-level MachineScheduler pass driver.
///
/// Visit blocks in function order. Divide each block into scheduling regions
/// and visit them bottom-up. Visiting regions bottom-up is not required, but is
/// consistent with the DAG builder, which traverses the interior of the
/// scheduling regions bottom-up.
///
/// This design avoids exposing scheduling boundaries to the DAG builder,
/// simplifying the DAG builder's support for "special" target instructions.
/// At the same time the design allows target schedulers to operate across
/// scheduling boundaries, for example to bundle the boudary instructions
/// without reordering them. This creates complexity, because the target
/// scheduler must update the RegionBegin and RegionEnd positions cached by
/// ScheduleDAGInstrs whenever adding or removing instructions. A much simpler
/// design would be to split blocks at scheduling boundaries, but LLVM has a
/// general bias against block splitting purely for implementation simplicity.
bool MachineScheduler::runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &mf) {
  DEBUG(dbgs() << "Before MISsched:\n"; mf.print(dbgs()));

  // Initialize the context of the pass.
  MF = &mf;
  MLI = &getAnalysis<MachineLoopInfo>();
  MDT = &getAnalysis<MachineDominatorTree>();
  PassConfig = &getAnalysis<TargetPassConfig>();
  AA = &getAnalysis<AliasAnalysis>();

  LIS = &getAnalysis<LiveIntervals>();
  const TargetInstrInfo *TII = MF->getTarget().getInstrInfo();

  if (VerifyScheduling) {
    DEBUG(LIS->dump());
    MF->verify(this, "Before machine scheduling.");
  }
  RegClassInfo->runOnMachineFunction(*MF);

  // Select the scheduler, or set the default.
  MachineSchedRegistry::ScheduleDAGCtor Ctor = MachineSchedOpt;
  if (Ctor == useDefaultMachineSched) {
    // Get the default scheduler set by the target.
    Ctor = MachineSchedRegistry::getDefault();
    if (!Ctor) {
      Ctor = createConvergingSched;
      MachineSchedRegistry::setDefault(Ctor);
    }
  }
  // Instantiate the selected scheduler.
  OwningPtr<ScheduleDAGInstrs> Scheduler(Ctor(this));

  // Visit all machine basic blocks.
  //
  // TODO: Visit blocks in global postorder or postorder within the bottom-up
  // loop tree. Then we can optionally compute global RegPressure.
  for (MachineFunction::iterator MBB = MF->begin(), MBBEnd = MF->end();
       MBB != MBBEnd; ++MBB) {

    Scheduler->startBlock(MBB);

    // Break the block into scheduling regions [I, RegionEnd), and schedule each
    // region as soon as it is discovered. RegionEnd points the scheduling
    // boundary at the bottom of the region. The DAG does not include RegionEnd,
    // but the region does (i.e. the next RegionEnd is above the previous
    // RegionBegin). If the current block has no terminator then RegionEnd ==
    // MBB->end() for the bottom region.
    //
    // The Scheduler may insert instructions during either schedule() or
    // exitRegion(), even for empty regions. So the local iterators 'I' and
    // 'RegionEnd' are invalid across these calls.
    unsigned RemainingInstrs = MBB->size();
    for(MachineBasicBlock::iterator RegionEnd = MBB->end();
        RegionEnd != MBB->begin(); RegionEnd = Scheduler->begin()) {

      // Avoid decrementing RegionEnd for blocks with no terminator.
      if (RegionEnd != MBB->end()
          || TII->isSchedulingBoundary(llvm::prior(RegionEnd), MBB, *MF)) {
        --RegionEnd;
        // Count the boundary instruction.
        --RemainingInstrs;
      }

      // The next region starts above the previous region. Look backward in the
      // instruction stream until we find the nearest boundary.
      unsigned NumRegionInstrs = 0;
      MachineBasicBlock::iterator I = RegionEnd;
      for(;I != MBB->begin(); --I, --RemainingInstrs, ++NumRegionInstrs) {
        if (TII->isSchedulingBoundary(llvm::prior(I), MBB, *MF))
          break;
      }
      // Notify the scheduler of the region, even if we may skip scheduling
      // it. Perhaps it still needs to be bundled.
      Scheduler->enterRegion(MBB, I, RegionEnd, NumRegionInstrs);

      // Skip empty scheduling regions (0 or 1 schedulable instructions).
      if (I == RegionEnd || I == llvm::prior(RegionEnd)) {
        // Close the current region. Bundle the terminator if needed.
        // This invalidates 'RegionEnd' and 'I'.
        Scheduler->exitRegion();
        continue;
      }
      DEBUG(dbgs() << "********** MI Scheduling **********\n");
      DEBUG(dbgs() << MF->getName()
            << ":BB#" << MBB->getNumber() << " " << MBB->getName()
            << "\n  From: " << *I << "    To: ";
            if (RegionEnd != MBB->end()) dbgs() << *RegionEnd;
            else dbgs() << "End";
            dbgs() << " RegionInstrs: " << NumRegionInstrs
            << " Remaining: " << RemainingInstrs << "\n");

      // Schedule a region: possibly reorder instructions.
      // This invalidates 'RegionEnd' and 'I'.
      Scheduler->schedule();

      // Close the current region.
      Scheduler->exitRegion();

      // Scheduling has invalidated the current iterator 'I'. Ask the
      // scheduler for the top of it's scheduled region.
      RegionEnd = Scheduler->begin();
    }
    assert(RemainingInstrs == 0 && "Instruction count mismatch!");
    Scheduler->finishBlock();
  }
  Scheduler->finalizeSchedule();
  DEBUG(LIS->dump());
  if (VerifyScheduling)
    MF->verify(this, "After machine scheduling.");
  return true;
}

void MachineScheduler::print(raw_ostream &O, const Module* m) const {
  // unimplemented
}

#if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(LLVM_ENABLE_DUMP)
void ReadyQueue::dump() {
  dbgs() << Name << ": ";
  for (unsigned i = 0, e = Queue.size(); i < e; ++i)
    dbgs() << Queue[i]->NodeNum << " ";
  dbgs() << "\n";
}
#endif

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// ScheduleDAGMI - Base class for MachineInstr scheduling with LiveIntervals
// preservation.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

ScheduleDAGMI::~ScheduleDAGMI() {
  delete DFSResult;
  DeleteContainerPointers(Mutations);
  delete SchedImpl;
}

bool ScheduleDAGMI::canAddEdge(SUnit *SuccSU, SUnit *PredSU) {
  return SuccSU == &ExitSU || !Topo.IsReachable(PredSU, SuccSU);
}

bool ScheduleDAGMI::addEdge(SUnit *SuccSU, const SDep &PredDep) {
  if (SuccSU != &ExitSU) {
    // Do not use WillCreateCycle, it assumes SD scheduling.
    // If Pred is reachable from Succ, then the edge creates a cycle.
    if (Topo.IsReachable(PredDep.getSUnit(), SuccSU))
      return false;
    Topo.AddPred(SuccSU, PredDep.getSUnit());
  }
  SuccSU->addPred(PredDep, /*Required=*/!PredDep.isArtificial());
  // Return true regardless of whether a new edge needed to be inserted.
  return true;
}

/// ReleaseSucc - Decrement the NumPredsLeft count of a successor. When
/// NumPredsLeft reaches zero, release the successor node.
///
/// FIXME: Adjust SuccSU height based on MinLatency.
void ScheduleDAGMI::releaseSucc(SUnit *SU, SDep *SuccEdge) {
  SUnit *SuccSU = SuccEdge->getSUnit();

  if (SuccEdge->isWeak()) {
    --SuccSU->WeakPredsLeft;
    if (SuccEdge->isCluster())
      NextClusterSucc = SuccSU;
    return;
  }
#ifndef NDEBUG
  if (SuccSU->NumPredsLeft == 0) {
    dbgs() << "*** Scheduling failed! ***\n";
    SuccSU->dump(this);
    dbgs() << " has been released too many times!\n";
    llvm_unreachable(0);
  }
#endif
  --SuccSU->NumPredsLeft;
  if (SuccSU->NumPredsLeft == 0 && SuccSU != &ExitSU)
    SchedImpl->releaseTopNode(SuccSU);
}

/// releaseSuccessors - Call releaseSucc on each of SU's successors.
void ScheduleDAGMI::releaseSuccessors(SUnit *SU) {
  for (SUnit::succ_iterator I = SU->Succs.begin(), E = SU->Succs.end();
       I != E; ++I) {
    releaseSucc(SU, &*I);
  }
}

/// ReleasePred - Decrement the NumSuccsLeft count of a predecessor. When
/// NumSuccsLeft reaches zero, release the predecessor node.
///
/// FIXME: Adjust PredSU height based on MinLatency.
void ScheduleDAGMI::releasePred(SUnit *SU, SDep *PredEdge) {
  SUnit *PredSU = PredEdge->getSUnit();

  if (PredEdge->isWeak()) {
    --PredSU->WeakSuccsLeft;
    if (PredEdge->isCluster())
      NextClusterPred = PredSU;
    return;
  }
#ifndef NDEBUG
  if (PredSU->NumSuccsLeft == 0) {
    dbgs() << "*** Scheduling failed! ***\n";
    PredSU->dump(this);
    dbgs() << " has been released too many times!\n";
    llvm_unreachable(0);
  }
#endif
  --PredSU->NumSuccsLeft;
  if (PredSU->NumSuccsLeft == 0 && PredSU != &EntrySU)
    SchedImpl->releaseBottomNode(PredSU);
}

/// releasePredecessors - Call releasePred on each of SU's predecessors.
void ScheduleDAGMI::releasePredecessors(SUnit *SU) {
  for (SUnit::pred_iterator I = SU->Preds.begin(), E = SU->Preds.end();
       I != E; ++I) {
    releasePred(SU, &*I);
  }
}

/// This is normally called from the main scheduler loop but may also be invoked
/// by the scheduling strategy to perform additional code motion.
void ScheduleDAGMI::moveInstruction(MachineInstr *MI,
                                    MachineBasicBlock::iterator InsertPos) {
  // Advance RegionBegin if the first instruction moves down.
  if (&*RegionBegin == MI)
    ++RegionBegin;

  // Update the instruction stream.
  BB->splice(InsertPos, BB, MI);

  // Update LiveIntervals
  LIS->handleMove(MI, /*UpdateFlags=*/true);

  // Recede RegionBegin if an instruction moves above the first.
  if (RegionBegin == InsertPos)
    RegionBegin = MI;
}

bool ScheduleDAGMI::checkSchedLimit() {
#ifndef NDEBUG
  if (NumInstrsScheduled == MISchedCutoff && MISchedCutoff != ~0U) {
    CurrentTop = CurrentBottom;
    return false;
  }
  ++NumInstrsScheduled;
#endif
  return true;
}

/// enterRegion - Called back from MachineScheduler::runOnMachineFunction after
/// crossing a scheduling boundary. [begin, end) includes all instructions in
/// the region, including the boundary itself and single-instruction regions
/// that don't get scheduled.
void ScheduleDAGMI::enterRegion(MachineBasicBlock *bb,
                                MachineBasicBlock::iterator begin,
                                MachineBasicBlock::iterator end,
                                unsigned regioninstrs)
{
  ScheduleDAGInstrs::enterRegion(bb, begin, end, regioninstrs);

  // For convenience remember the end of the liveness region.
  LiveRegionEnd =
    (RegionEnd == bb->end()) ? RegionEnd : llvm::next(RegionEnd);
}

// Setup the register pressure trackers for the top scheduled top and bottom
// scheduled regions.
void ScheduleDAGMI::initRegPressure() {
  TopRPTracker.init(&MF, RegClassInfo, LIS, BB, RegionBegin);
  BotRPTracker.init(&MF, RegClassInfo, LIS, BB, LiveRegionEnd);

  // Close the RPTracker to finalize live ins.
  RPTracker.closeRegion();

  DEBUG(RPTracker.dump());

  // Initialize the live ins and live outs.
  TopRPTracker.addLiveRegs(RPTracker.getPressure().LiveInRegs);
  BotRPTracker.addLiveRegs(RPTracker.getPressure().LiveOutRegs);

  // Close one end of the tracker so we can call
  // getMaxUpward/DownwardPressureDelta before advancing across any
  // instructions. This converts currently live regs into live ins/outs.
  TopRPTracker.closeTop();
  BotRPTracker.closeBottom();

  BotRPTracker.initLiveThru(RPTracker);
  if (!BotRPTracker.getLiveThru().empty()) {
    TopRPTracker.initLiveThru(BotRPTracker.getLiveThru());
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "Live Thru: ";
          dumpRegSetPressure(BotRPTracker.getLiveThru(), TRI));
  };

  // Account for liveness generated by the region boundary.
  if (LiveRegionEnd != RegionEnd)
    BotRPTracker.recede();

  assert(BotRPTracker.getPos() == RegionEnd && "Can't find the region bottom");

  // Cache the list of excess pressure sets in this region. This will also track
  // the max pressure in the scheduled code for these sets.
  RegionCriticalPSets.clear();
  const std::vector<unsigned> &RegionPressure =
    RPTracker.getPressure().MaxSetPressure;
  for (unsigned i = 0, e = RegionPressure.size(); i < e; ++i) {
    unsigned Limit = RegClassInfo->getRegPressureSetLimit(i);
    if (RegionPressure[i] > Limit) {
      DEBUG(dbgs() << TRI->getRegPressureSetName(i)
            << " Limit " << Limit
            << " Actual " << RegionPressure[i] << "\n");
      RegionCriticalPSets.push_back(PressureElement(i, 0));
    }
  }
  DEBUG(dbgs() << "Excess PSets: ";
        for (unsigned i = 0, e = RegionCriticalPSets.size(); i != e; ++i)
          dbgs() << TRI->getRegPressureSetName(
            RegionCriticalPSets[i].PSetID) << " ";
        dbgs() << "\n");
}

// FIXME: When the pressure tracker deals in pressure differences then we won't
// iterate over all RegionCriticalPSets[i].
void ScheduleDAGMI::
updateScheduledPressure(const std::vector<unsigned> &NewMaxPressure) {
  for (unsigned i = 0, e = RegionCriticalPSets.size(); i < e; ++i) {
    unsigned ID = RegionCriticalPSets[i].PSetID;
    int &MaxUnits = RegionCriticalPSets[i].UnitIncrease;
    if ((int)NewMaxPressure[ID] > MaxUnits)
      MaxUnits = NewMaxPressure[ID];
  }
  DEBUG(
    for (unsigned i = 0, e = NewMaxPressure.size(); i < e; ++i) {
      unsigned Limit = RegClassInfo->getRegPressureSetLimit(i);
      if (NewMaxPressure[i] > Limit ) {
        dbgs() << "  " << TRI->getRegPressureSetName(i) << ": "
               << NewMaxPressure[i] << " > " << Limit << "\n";
      }
    });
}

/// schedule - Called back from MachineScheduler::runOnMachineFunction
/// after setting up the current scheduling region. [RegionBegin, RegionEnd)
/// only includes instructions that have DAG nodes, not scheduling boundaries.
///
/// This is a skeletal driver, with all the functionality pushed into helpers,
/// so that it can be easilly extended by experimental schedulers. Generally,
/// implementing MachineSchedStrategy should be sufficient to implement a new
/// scheduling algorithm. However, if a scheduler further subclasses
/// ScheduleDAGMI then it will want to override this virtual method in order to
/// update any specialized state.
void ScheduleDAGMI::schedule() {
  buildDAGWithRegPressure();

  Topo.InitDAGTopologicalSorting();

  postprocessDAG();

  SmallVector<SUnit*, 8> TopRoots, BotRoots;
  findRootsAndBiasEdges(TopRoots, BotRoots);

  // Initialize the strategy before modifying the DAG.
  // This may initialize a DFSResult to be used for queue priority.
  SchedImpl->initialize(this);

  DEBUG(for (unsigned su = 0, e = SUnits.size(); su != e; ++su)
          SUnits[su].dumpAll(this));
  if (ViewMISchedDAGs) viewGraph();

  // Initialize ready queues now that the DAG and priority data are finalized.
  initQueues(TopRoots, BotRoots);

  bool IsTopNode = false;
  while (SUnit *SU = SchedImpl->pickNode(IsTopNode)) {
    assert(!SU->isScheduled && "Node already scheduled");
    if (!checkSchedLimit())
      break;

    scheduleMI(SU, IsTopNode);

    updateQueues(SU, IsTopNode);
  }
  assert(CurrentTop == CurrentBottom && "Nonempty unscheduled zone.");

  placeDebugValues();

  DEBUG({
      unsigned BBNum = begin()->getParent()->getNumber();
      dbgs() << "*** Final schedule for BB#" << BBNum << " ***\n";
      dumpSchedule();
      dbgs() << '\n';
    });
}

/// Build the DAG and setup three register pressure trackers.
void ScheduleDAGMI::buildDAGWithRegPressure() {
  // Initialize the register pressure tracker used by buildSchedGraph.
  RPTracker.init(&MF, RegClassInfo, LIS, BB, LiveRegionEnd,
                 /*TrackUntiedDefs=*/true);

  // Account for liveness generate by the region boundary.
  if (LiveRegionEnd != RegionEnd)
    RPTracker.recede();

  // Build the DAG, and compute current register pressure.
  buildSchedGraph(AA, &RPTracker);

  // Initialize top/bottom trackers after computing region pressure.
  initRegPressure();
}

/// Apply each ScheduleDAGMutation step in order.
void ScheduleDAGMI::postprocessDAG() {
  for (unsigned i = 0, e = Mutations.size(); i < e; ++i) {
    Mutations[i]->apply(this);
  }
}

void ScheduleDAGMI::computeDFSResult() {
  if (!DFSResult)
    DFSResult = new SchedDFSResult(/*BottomU*/true, MinSubtreeSize);
  DFSResult->clear();
  ScheduledTrees.clear();
  DFSResult->resize(SUnits.size());
  DFSResult->compute(SUnits);
  ScheduledTrees.resize(DFSResult->getNumSubtrees());
}

void ScheduleDAGMI::findRootsAndBiasEdges(SmallVectorImpl<SUnit*> &TopRoots,
                                          SmallVectorImpl<SUnit*> &BotRoots) {
  for (std::vector<SUnit>::iterator
         I = SUnits.begin(), E = SUnits.end(); I != E; ++I) {
    SUnit *SU = &(*I);
    assert(!SU->isBoundaryNode() && "Boundary node should not be in SUnits");

    // Order predecessors so DFSResult follows the critical path.
    SU->biasCriticalPath();

    // A SUnit is ready to top schedule if it has no predecessors.
    if (!I->NumPredsLeft)
      TopRoots.push_back(SU);
    // A SUnit is ready to bottom schedule if it has no successors.
    if (!I->NumSuccsLeft)
      BotRoots.push_back(SU);
  }
  ExitSU.biasCriticalPath();
}

/// Identify DAG roots and setup scheduler queues.
void ScheduleDAGMI::initQueues(ArrayRef<SUnit*> TopRoots,
                               ArrayRef<SUnit*> BotRoots) {
  NextClusterSucc = NULL;
  NextClusterPred = NULL;

  // Release all DAG roots for scheduling, not including EntrySU/ExitSU.
  //
  // Nodes with unreleased weak edges can still be roots.
  // Release top roots in forward order.
  for (SmallVectorImpl<SUnit*>::const_iterator
         I = TopRoots.begin(), E = TopRoots.end(); I != E; ++I) {
    SchedImpl->releaseTopNode(*I);
  }
  // Release bottom roots in reverse order so the higher priority nodes appear
  // first. This is more natural and slightly more efficient.
  for (SmallVectorImpl<SUnit*>::const_reverse_iterator
         I = BotRoots.rbegin(), E = BotRoots.rend(); I != E; ++I) {
    SchedImpl->releaseBottomNode(*I);
  }

  releaseSuccessors(&EntrySU);
  releasePredecessors(&ExitSU);

  SchedImpl->registerRoots();

  // Advance past initial DebugValues.
  assert(TopRPTracker.getPos() == RegionBegin && "bad initial Top tracker");
  CurrentTop = nextIfDebug(RegionBegin, RegionEnd);
  TopRPTracker.setPos(CurrentTop);

  CurrentBottom = RegionEnd;
}

/// Move an instruction and update register pressure.
void ScheduleDAGMI::scheduleMI(SUnit *SU, bool IsTopNode) {
  // Move the instruction to its new location in the instruction stream.
  MachineInstr *MI = SU->getInstr();

  if (IsTopNode) {
    assert(SU->isTopReady() && "node still has unscheduled dependencies");
    if (&*CurrentTop == MI)
      CurrentTop = nextIfDebug(++CurrentTop, CurrentBottom);
    else {
      moveInstruction(MI, CurrentTop);
      TopRPTracker.setPos(MI);
    }

    // Update top scheduled pressure.
    TopRPTracker.advance();
    assert(TopRPTracker.getPos() == CurrentTop && "out of sync");
    updateScheduledPressure(TopRPTracker.getPressure().MaxSetPressure);
  }
  else {
    assert(SU->isBottomReady() && "node still has unscheduled dependencies");
    MachineBasicBlock::iterator priorII =
      priorNonDebug(CurrentBottom, CurrentTop);
    if (&*priorII == MI)
      CurrentBottom = priorII;
    else {
      if (&*CurrentTop == MI) {
        CurrentTop = nextIfDebug(++CurrentTop, priorII);
        TopRPTracker.setPos(CurrentTop);
      }
      moveInstruction(MI, CurrentBottom);
      CurrentBottom = MI;
    }
    // Update bottom scheduled pressure.
    BotRPTracker.recede();
    assert(BotRPTracker.getPos() == CurrentBottom && "out of sync");
    updateScheduledPressure(BotRPTracker.getPressure().MaxSetPressure);
  }
}

/// Update scheduler queues after scheduling an instruction.
void ScheduleDAGMI::updateQueues(SUnit *SU, bool IsTopNode) {
  // Release dependent instructions for scheduling.
  if (IsTopNode)
    releaseSuccessors(SU);
  else
    releasePredecessors(SU);

  SU->isScheduled = true;

  if (DFSResult) {
    unsigned SubtreeID = DFSResult->getSubtreeID(SU);
    if (!ScheduledTrees.test(SubtreeID)) {
      ScheduledTrees.set(SubtreeID);
      DFSResult->scheduleTree(SubtreeID);
      SchedImpl->scheduleTree(SubtreeID);
    }
  }

  // Notify the scheduling strategy after updating the DAG.
  SchedImpl->schedNode(SU, IsTopNode);
}

/// Reinsert any remaining debug_values, just like the PostRA scheduler.
void ScheduleDAGMI::placeDebugValues() {
  // If first instruction was a DBG_VALUE then put it back.
  if (FirstDbgValue) {
    BB->splice(RegionBegin, BB, FirstDbgValue);
    RegionBegin = FirstDbgValue;
  }

  for (std::vector<std::pair<MachineInstr *, MachineInstr *> >::iterator
         DI = DbgValues.end(), DE = DbgValues.begin(); DI != DE; --DI) {
    std::pair<MachineInstr *, MachineInstr *> P = *prior(DI);
    MachineInstr *DbgValue = P.first;
    MachineBasicBlock::iterator OrigPrevMI = P.second;
    if (&*RegionBegin == DbgValue)
      ++RegionBegin;
    BB->splice(++OrigPrevMI, BB, DbgValue);
    if (OrigPrevMI == llvm::prior(RegionEnd))
      RegionEnd = DbgValue;
  }
  DbgValues.clear();
  FirstDbgValue = NULL;
}

#if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(LLVM_ENABLE_DUMP)
void ScheduleDAGMI::dumpSchedule() const {
  for (MachineBasicBlock::iterator MI = begin(), ME = end(); MI != ME; ++MI) {
    if (SUnit *SU = getSUnit(&(*MI)))
      SU->dump(this);
    else
      dbgs() << "Missing SUnit\n";
  }
}
#endif

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// LoadClusterMutation - DAG post-processing to cluster loads.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

namespace {
/// \brief Post-process the DAG to create cluster edges between neighboring
/// loads.
class LoadClusterMutation : public ScheduleDAGMutation {
  struct LoadInfo {
    SUnit *SU;
    unsigned BaseReg;
    unsigned Offset;
    LoadInfo(SUnit *su, unsigned reg, unsigned ofs)
      : SU(su), BaseReg(reg), Offset(ofs) {}
  };
  static bool LoadInfoLess(const LoadClusterMutation::LoadInfo &LHS,
                           const LoadClusterMutation::LoadInfo &RHS);

  const TargetInstrInfo *TII;
  const TargetRegisterInfo *TRI;
public:
  LoadClusterMutation(const TargetInstrInfo *tii,
                      const TargetRegisterInfo *tri)
    : TII(tii), TRI(tri) {}

  virtual void apply(ScheduleDAGMI *DAG);
protected:
  void clusterNeighboringLoads(ArrayRef<SUnit*> Loads, ScheduleDAGMI *DAG);
};
} // anonymous

bool LoadClusterMutation::LoadInfoLess(
  const LoadClusterMutation::LoadInfo &LHS,
  const LoadClusterMutation::LoadInfo &RHS) {
  if (LHS.BaseReg != RHS.BaseReg)
    return LHS.BaseReg < RHS.BaseReg;
  return LHS.Offset < RHS.Offset;
}

void LoadClusterMutation::clusterNeighboringLoads(ArrayRef<SUnit*> Loads,
                                                  ScheduleDAGMI *DAG) {
  SmallVector<LoadClusterMutation::LoadInfo,32> LoadRecords;
  for (unsigned Idx = 0, End = Loads.size(); Idx != End; ++Idx) {
    SUnit *SU = Loads[Idx];
    unsigned BaseReg;
    unsigned Offset;
    if (TII->getLdStBaseRegImmOfs(SU->getInstr(), BaseReg, Offset, TRI))
      LoadRecords.push_back(LoadInfo(SU, BaseReg, Offset));
  }
  if (LoadRecords.size() < 2)
    return;
  std::sort(LoadRecords.begin(), LoadRecords.end(), LoadInfoLess);
  unsigned ClusterLength = 1;
  for (unsigned Idx = 0, End = LoadRecords.size(); Idx < (End - 1); ++Idx) {
    if (LoadRecords[Idx].BaseReg != LoadRecords[Idx+1].BaseReg) {
      ClusterLength = 1;
      continue;
    }

    SUnit *SUa = LoadRecords[Idx].SU;
    SUnit *SUb = LoadRecords[Idx+1].SU;
    if (TII->shouldClusterLoads(SUa->getInstr(), SUb->getInstr(), ClusterLength)
        && DAG->addEdge(SUb, SDep(SUa, SDep::Cluster))) {

      DEBUG(dbgs() << "Cluster loads SU(" << SUa->NodeNum << ") - SU("
            << SUb->NodeNum << ")\n");
      // Copy successor edges from SUa to SUb. Interleaving computation
      // dependent on SUa can prevent load combining due to register reuse.
      // Predecessor edges do not need to be copied from SUb to SUa since nearby
      // loads should have effectively the same inputs.
      for (SUnit::const_succ_iterator
             SI = SUa->Succs.begin(), SE = SUa->Succs.end(); SI != SE; ++SI) {
        if (SI->getSUnit() == SUb)
          continue;
        DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Copy Succ SU(" << SI->getSUnit()->NodeNum << ")\n");
        DAG->addEdge(SI->getSUnit(), SDep(SUb, SDep::Artificial));
      }
      ++ClusterLength;
    }
    else
      ClusterLength = 1;
  }
}

/// \brief Callback from DAG postProcessing to create cluster edges for loads.
void LoadClusterMutation::apply(ScheduleDAGMI *DAG) {
  // Map DAG NodeNum to store chain ID.
  DenseMap<unsigned, unsigned> StoreChainIDs;
  // Map each store chain to a set of dependent loads.
  SmallVector<SmallVector<SUnit*,4>, 32> StoreChainDependents;
  for (unsigned Idx = 0, End = DAG->SUnits.size(); Idx != End; ++Idx) {
    SUnit *SU = &DAG->SUnits[Idx];
    if (!SU->getInstr()->mayLoad())
      continue;
    unsigned ChainPredID = DAG->SUnits.size();
    for (SUnit::const_pred_iterator
           PI = SU->Preds.begin(), PE = SU->Preds.end(); PI != PE; ++PI) {
      if (PI->isCtrl()) {
        ChainPredID = PI->getSUnit()->NodeNum;
        break;
      }
    }
    // Check if this chain-like pred has been seen
    // before. ChainPredID==MaxNodeID for loads at the top of the schedule.
    unsigned NumChains = StoreChainDependents.size();
    std::pair<DenseMap<unsigned, unsigned>::iterator, bool> Result =
      StoreChainIDs.insert(std::make_pair(ChainPredID, NumChains));
    if (Result.second)
      StoreChainDependents.resize(NumChains + 1);
    StoreChainDependents[Result.first->second].push_back(SU);
  }
  // Iterate over the store chains.
  for (unsigned Idx = 0, End = StoreChainDependents.size(); Idx != End; ++Idx)
    clusterNeighboringLoads(StoreChainDependents[Idx], DAG);
}

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// MacroFusion - DAG post-processing to encourage fusion of macro ops.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

namespace {
/// \brief Post-process the DAG to create cluster edges between instructions
/// that may be fused by the processor into a single operation.
class MacroFusion : public ScheduleDAGMutation {
  const TargetInstrInfo *TII;
public:
  MacroFusion(const TargetInstrInfo *tii): TII(tii) {}

  virtual void apply(ScheduleDAGMI *DAG);
};
} // anonymous

/// \brief Callback from DAG postProcessing to create cluster edges to encourage
/// fused operations.
void MacroFusion::apply(ScheduleDAGMI *DAG) {
  // For now, assume targets can only fuse with the branch.
  MachineInstr *Branch = DAG->ExitSU.getInstr();
  if (!Branch)
    return;

  for (unsigned Idx = DAG->SUnits.size(); Idx > 0;) {
    SUnit *SU = &DAG->SUnits[--Idx];
    if (!TII->shouldScheduleAdjacent(SU->getInstr(), Branch))
      continue;

    // Create a single weak edge from SU to ExitSU. The only effect is to cause
    // bottom-up scheduling to heavily prioritize the clustered SU.  There is no
    // need to copy predecessor edges from ExitSU to SU, since top-down
    // scheduling cannot prioritize ExitSU anyway. To defer top-down scheduling
    // of SU, we could create an artificial edge from the deepest root, but it
    // hasn't been needed yet.
    bool Success = DAG->addEdge(&DAG->ExitSU, SDep(SU, SDep::Cluster));
    (void)Success;
    assert(Success && "No DAG nodes should be reachable from ExitSU");

    DEBUG(dbgs() << "Macro Fuse SU(" << SU->NodeNum << ")\n");
    break;
  }
}

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// CopyConstrain - DAG post-processing to encourage copy elimination.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

namespace {
/// \brief Post-process the DAG to create weak edges from all uses of a copy to
/// the one use that defines the copy's source vreg, most likely an induction
/// variable increment.
class CopyConstrain : public ScheduleDAGMutation {
  // Transient state.
  SlotIndex RegionBeginIdx;
  // RegionEndIdx is the slot index of the last non-debug instruction in the
  // scheduling region. So we may have RegionBeginIdx == RegionEndIdx.
  SlotIndex RegionEndIdx;
public:
  CopyConstrain(const TargetInstrInfo *, const TargetRegisterInfo *) {}

  virtual void apply(ScheduleDAGMI *DAG);

protected:
  void constrainLocalCopy(SUnit *CopySU, ScheduleDAGMI *DAG);
};
} // anonymous

/// constrainLocalCopy handles two possibilities:
/// 1) Local src:
/// I0:     = dst
/// I1: src = ...
/// I2:     = dst
/// I3: dst = src (copy)
/// (create pred->succ edges I0->I1, I2->I1)
///
/// 2) Local copy:
/// I0: dst = src (copy)
/// I1:     = dst
/// I2: src = ...
/// I3:     = dst
/// (create pred->succ edges I1->I2, I3->I2)
///
/// Although the MachineScheduler is currently constrained to single blocks,
/// this algorithm should handle extended blocks. An EBB is a set of
/// contiguously numbered blocks such that the previous block in the EBB is
/// always the single predecessor.
void CopyConstrain::constrainLocalCopy(SUnit *CopySU, ScheduleDAGMI *DAG) {
  LiveIntervals *LIS = DAG->getLIS();
  MachineInstr *Copy = CopySU->getInstr();

  // Check for pure vreg copies.
  unsigned SrcReg = Copy->getOperand(1).getReg();
  if (!TargetRegisterInfo::isVirtualRegister(SrcReg))
    return;

  unsigned DstReg = Copy->getOperand(0).getReg();
  if (!TargetRegisterInfo::isVirtualRegister(DstReg))
    return;

  // Check if either the dest or source is local. If it's live across a back
  // edge, it's not local. Note that if both vregs are live across the back
  // edge, we cannot successfully contrain the copy without cyclic scheduling.
  unsigned LocalReg = DstReg;
  unsigned GlobalReg = SrcReg;
  LiveInterval *LocalLI = &LIS->getInterval(LocalReg);
  if (!LocalLI->isLocal(RegionBeginIdx, RegionEndIdx)) {
    LocalReg = SrcReg;
    GlobalReg = DstReg;
    LocalLI = &LIS->getInterval(LocalReg);
    if (!LocalLI->isLocal(RegionBeginIdx, RegionEndIdx))
      return;
  }
  LiveInterval *GlobalLI = &LIS->getInterval(GlobalReg);

  // Find the global segment after the start of the local LI.
  LiveInterval::iterator GlobalSegment = GlobalLI->find(LocalLI->beginIndex());
  // If GlobalLI does not overlap LocalLI->start, then a copy directly feeds a
  // local live range. We could create edges from other global uses to the local
  // start, but the coalescer should have already eliminated these cases, so
  // don't bother dealing with it.
  if (GlobalSegment == GlobalLI->end())
    return;

  // If GlobalSegment is killed at the LocalLI->start, the call to find()
  // returned the next global segment. But if GlobalSegment overlaps with
  // LocalLI->start, then advance to the next segement. If a hole in GlobalLI
  // exists in LocalLI's vicinity, GlobalSegment will be the end of the hole.
  if (GlobalSegment->contains(LocalLI->beginIndex()))
    ++GlobalSegment;

  if (GlobalSegment == GlobalLI->end())
    return;

  // Check if GlobalLI contains a hole in the vicinity of LocalLI.
  if (GlobalSegment != GlobalLI->begin()) {
    // Two address defs have no hole.
    if (SlotIndex::isSameInstr(llvm::prior(GlobalSegment)->end,
                               GlobalSegment->start)) {
      return;
    }
    // If the prior global segment may be defined by the same two-address
    // instruction that also defines LocalLI, then can't make a hole here.
    if (SlotIndex::isSameInstr(llvm::prior(GlobalSegment)->start,
                               LocalLI->beginIndex())) {
      return;
    }
    // If GlobalLI has a prior segment, it must be live into the EBB. Otherwise
    // it would be a disconnected component in the live range.
    assert(llvm::prior(GlobalSegment)->start < LocalLI->beginIndex() &&
           "Disconnected LRG within the scheduling region.");
  }
  MachineInstr *GlobalDef = LIS->getInstructionFromIndex(GlobalSegment->start);
  if (!GlobalDef)
    return;

  SUnit *GlobalSU = DAG->getSUnit(GlobalDef);
  if (!GlobalSU)
    return;

  // GlobalDef is the bottom of the GlobalLI hole. Open the hole by
  // constraining the uses of the last local def to precede GlobalDef.
  SmallVector<SUnit*,8> LocalUses;
  const VNInfo *LastLocalVN = LocalLI->getVNInfoBefore(LocalLI->endIndex());
  MachineInstr *LastLocalDef = LIS->getInstructionFromIndex(LastLocalVN->def);
  SUnit *LastLocalSU = DAG->getSUnit(LastLocalDef);
  for (SUnit::const_succ_iterator
         I = LastLocalSU->Succs.begin(), E = LastLocalSU->Succs.end();
       I != E; ++I) {
    if (I->getKind() != SDep::Data || I->getReg() != LocalReg)
      continue;
    if (I->getSUnit() == GlobalSU)
      continue;
    if (!DAG->canAddEdge(GlobalSU, I->getSUnit()))
      return;
    LocalUses.push_back(I->getSUnit());
  }
  // Open the top of the GlobalLI hole by constraining any earlier global uses
  // to precede the start of LocalLI.
  SmallVector<SUnit*,8> GlobalUses;
  MachineInstr *FirstLocalDef =
    LIS->getInstructionFromIndex(LocalLI->beginIndex());
  SUnit *FirstLocalSU = DAG->getSUnit(FirstLocalDef);
  for (SUnit::const_pred_iterator
         I = GlobalSU->Preds.begin(), E = GlobalSU->Preds.end(); I != E; ++I) {
    if (I->getKind() != SDep::Anti || I->getReg() != GlobalReg)
      continue;
    if (I->getSUnit() == FirstLocalSU)
      continue;
    if (!DAG->canAddEdge(FirstLocalSU, I->getSUnit()))
      return;
    GlobalUses.push_back(I->getSUnit());
  }
  DEBUG(dbgs() << "Constraining copy SU(" << CopySU->NodeNum << ")\n");
  // Add the weak edges.
  for (SmallVectorImpl<SUnit*>::const_iterator
         I = LocalUses.begin(), E = LocalUses.end(); I != E; ++I) {
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Local use SU(" << (*I)->NodeNum << ") -> SU("
          << GlobalSU->NodeNum << ")\n");
    DAG->addEdge(GlobalSU, SDep(*I, SDep::Weak));
  }
  for (SmallVectorImpl<SUnit*>::const_iterator
         I = GlobalUses.begin(), E = GlobalUses.end(); I != E; ++I) {
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Global use SU(" << (*I)->NodeNum << ") -> SU("
          << FirstLocalSU->NodeNum << ")\n");
    DAG->addEdge(FirstLocalSU, SDep(*I, SDep::Weak));
  }
}

/// \brief Callback from DAG postProcessing to create weak edges to encourage
/// copy elimination.
void CopyConstrain::apply(ScheduleDAGMI *DAG) {
  MachineBasicBlock::iterator FirstPos = nextIfDebug(DAG->begin(), DAG->end());
  if (FirstPos == DAG->end())
    return;
  RegionBeginIdx = DAG->getLIS()->getInstructionIndex(&*FirstPos);
  RegionEndIdx = DAG->getLIS()->getInstructionIndex(
    &*priorNonDebug(DAG->end(), DAG->begin()));

  for (unsigned Idx = 0, End = DAG->SUnits.size(); Idx != End; ++Idx) {
    SUnit *SU = &DAG->SUnits[Idx];
    if (!SU->getInstr()->isCopy())
      continue;

    constrainLocalCopy(SU, DAG);
  }
}

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// ConvergingScheduler - Implementation of the generic MachineSchedStrategy.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

namespace {
/// ConvergingScheduler shrinks the unscheduled zone using heuristics to balance
/// the schedule.
class ConvergingScheduler : public MachineSchedStrategy {
public:
  /// Represent the type of SchedCandidate found within a single queue.
  /// pickNodeBidirectional depends on these listed by decreasing priority.
  enum CandReason {
    NoCand, PhysRegCopy, RegExcess, RegCritical, Cluster, Weak, RegMax,
    ResourceReduce, ResourceDemand, BotHeightReduce, BotPathReduce,
    TopDepthReduce, TopPathReduce, NextDefUse, NodeOrder};

#ifndef NDEBUG
  static const char *getReasonStr(ConvergingScheduler::CandReason Reason);
#endif

  /// Policy for scheduling the next instruction in the candidate's zone.
  struct CandPolicy {
    bool ReduceLatency;
    unsigned ReduceResIdx;
    unsigned DemandResIdx;

    CandPolicy(): ReduceLatency(false), ReduceResIdx(0), DemandResIdx(0) {}
  };

  /// Status of an instruction's critical resource consumption.
  struct SchedResourceDelta {
    // Count critical resources in the scheduled region required by SU.
    unsigned CritResources;

    // Count critical resources from another region consumed by SU.
    unsigned DemandedResources;

    SchedResourceDelta(): CritResources(0), DemandedResources(0) {}

    bool operator==(const SchedResourceDelta &RHS) const {
      return CritResources == RHS.CritResources
        && DemandedResources == RHS.DemandedResources;
    }
    bool operator!=(const SchedResourceDelta &RHS) const {
      return !operator==(RHS);
    }
  };

  /// Store the state used by ConvergingScheduler heuristics, required for the
  /// lifetime of one invocation of pickNode().
  struct SchedCandidate {
    CandPolicy Policy;

    // The best SUnit candidate.
    SUnit *SU;

    // The reason for this candidate.
    CandReason Reason;

    // Set of reasons that apply to multiple candidates.
    uint32_t RepeatReasonSet;

    // Register pressure values for the best candidate.
    RegPressureDelta RPDelta;

    // Critical resource consumption of the best candidate.
    SchedResourceDelta ResDelta;

    SchedCandidate(const CandPolicy &policy)
      : Policy(policy), SU(NULL), Reason(NoCand), RepeatReasonSet(0) {}

    bool isValid() const { return SU; }

    // Copy the status of another candidate without changing policy.
    void setBest(SchedCandidate &Best) {
      assert(Best.Reason != NoCand && "uninitialized Sched candidate");
      SU = Best.SU;
      Reason = Best.Reason;
      RPDelta = Best.RPDelta;
      ResDelta = Best.ResDelta;
    }

    bool isRepeat(CandReason R) { return RepeatReasonSet & (1 << R); }
    void setRepeat(CandReason R) { RepeatReasonSet |= (1 << R); }

    void initResourceDelta(const ScheduleDAGMI *DAG,
                           const TargetSchedModel *SchedModel);
  };

  /// Summarize the unscheduled region.
  struct SchedRemainder {
    // Critical path through the DAG in expected latency.
    unsigned CriticalPath;

    // Scaled count of micro-ops left to schedule.
    unsigned RemIssueCount;

    // Unscheduled resources
    SmallVector<unsigned, 16> RemainingCounts;

    void reset() {
      CriticalPath = 0;
      RemIssueCount = 0;
      RemainingCounts.clear();
    }

    SchedRemainder() { reset(); }

    void init(ScheduleDAGMI *DAG, const TargetSchedModel *SchedModel);
  };

  /// Each Scheduling boundary is associated with ready queues. It tracks the
  /// current cycle in the direction of movement, and maintains the state
  /// of "hazards" and other interlocks at the current cycle.
  struct SchedBoundary {
    ScheduleDAGMI *DAG;
    const TargetSchedModel *SchedModel;
    SchedRemainder *Rem;

    ReadyQueue Available;
    ReadyQueue Pending;
    bool CheckPending;

    // For heuristics, keep a list of the nodes that immediately depend on the
    // most recently scheduled node.
    SmallPtrSet<const SUnit*, 8> NextSUs;

    ScheduleHazardRecognizer *HazardRec;

    /// Number of cycles it takes to issue the instructions scheduled in this
    /// zone. It is defined as: scheduled-micro-ops / issue-width + stalls.
    /// See getStalls().
    unsigned CurrCycle;

    /// Micro-ops issued in the current cycle
    unsigned CurrMOps;

    /// MinReadyCycle - Cycle of the soonest available instruction.
    unsigned MinReadyCycle;

    // The expected latency of the critical path in this scheduled zone.
    unsigned ExpectedLatency;

    // The latency of dependence chains leading into this zone.
    // For each node scheduled bottom-up: DLat = max DLat, N.Depth.
    // For each cycle scheduled: DLat -= 1.
    unsigned DependentLatency;

    /// Count the scheduled (issued) micro-ops that can be retired by
    /// time=CurrCycle assuming the first scheduled instr is retired at time=0.
    unsigned RetiredMOps;

    // Count scheduled resources that have been executed. Resources are
    // considered executed if they become ready in the time that it takes to
    // saturate any resource including the one in question. Counts are scaled
    // for direct comparison with other resources. Counts can be compared with
    // MOps * getMicroOpFactor and Latency * getLatencyFactor.
    SmallVector<unsigned, 16> ExecutedResCounts;

    /// Cache the max count for a single resource.
    unsigned MaxExecutedResCount;

    // Cache the critical resources ID in this scheduled zone.
    unsigned ZoneCritResIdx;

    // Is the scheduled region resource limited vs. latency limited.
    bool IsResourceLimited;

#ifndef NDEBUG
    // Remember the greatest operand latency as an upper bound on the number of
    // times we should retry the pending queue because of a hazard.
    unsigned MaxObservedLatency;
#endif

    void reset() {
      // A new HazardRec is created for each DAG and owned by SchedBoundary.
      delete HazardRec;

      Available.clear();
      Pending.clear();
      CheckPending = false;
      NextSUs.clear();
      HazardRec = 0;
      CurrCycle = 0;
      CurrMOps = 0;
      MinReadyCycle = UINT_MAX;
      ExpectedLatency = 0;
      DependentLatency = 0;
      RetiredMOps = 0;
      MaxExecutedResCount = 0;
      ZoneCritResIdx = 0;
      IsResourceLimited = false;
#ifndef NDEBUG
      MaxObservedLatency = 0;
#endif
      // Reserve a zero-count for invalid CritResIdx.
      ExecutedResCounts.resize(1);
      assert(!ExecutedResCounts[0] && "nonzero count for bad resource");
    }

    /// Pending queues extend the ready queues with the same ID and the
    /// PendingFlag set.
    SchedBoundary(unsigned ID, const Twine &Name):
      DAG(0), SchedModel(0), Rem(0), Available(ID, Name+".A"),
      Pending(ID << ConvergingScheduler::LogMaxQID, Name+".P"),
      HazardRec(0) {
      reset();
    }

    ~SchedBoundary() { delete HazardRec; }

    void init(ScheduleDAGMI *dag, const TargetSchedModel *smodel,
              SchedRemainder *rem);

    bool isTop() const {
      return Available.getID() == ConvergingScheduler::TopQID;
    }

#ifndef NDEBUG
    const char *getResourceName(unsigned PIdx) {
      if (!PIdx)
        return "MOps";
      return SchedModel->getProcResource(PIdx)->Name;
    }
#endif

    /// Get the number of latency cycles "covered" by the scheduled
    /// instructions. This is the larger of the critical path within the zone
    /// and the number of cycles required to issue the instructions.
    unsigned getScheduledLatency() const {
      return std::max(ExpectedLatency, CurrCycle);
    }

    unsigned getUnscheduledLatency(SUnit *SU) const {
      return isTop() ? SU->getHeight() : SU->getDepth();
    }

    unsigned getResourceCount(unsigned ResIdx) const {
      return ExecutedResCounts[ResIdx];
    }

    /// Get the scaled count of scheduled micro-ops and resources, including
    /// executed resources.
    unsigned getCriticalCount() const {
      if (!ZoneCritResIdx)
        return RetiredMOps * SchedModel->getMicroOpFactor();
      return getResourceCount(ZoneCritResIdx);
    }

    /// Get a scaled count for the minimum execution time of the scheduled
    /// micro-ops that are ready to execute by getExecutedCount. Notice the
    /// feedback loop.
    unsigned getExecutedCount() const {
      return std::max(CurrCycle * SchedModel->getLatencyFactor(),
                      MaxExecutedResCount);
    }

    bool checkHazard(SUnit *SU);

    unsigned findMaxLatency(ArrayRef<SUnit*> ReadySUs);

    unsigned getOtherResourceCount(unsigned &OtherCritIdx);

    void setPolicy(CandPolicy &Policy, SchedBoundary &OtherZone);

    void releaseNode(SUnit *SU, unsigned ReadyCycle);

    void bumpCycle(unsigned NextCycle);

    void incExecutedResources(unsigned PIdx, unsigned Count);

    unsigned countResource(unsigned PIdx, unsigned Cycles, unsigned ReadyCycle);

    void bumpNode(SUnit *SU);

    void releasePending();

    void removeReady(SUnit *SU);

    SUnit *pickOnlyChoice();

#ifndef NDEBUG
    void dumpScheduledState();
#endif
  };

private:
  ScheduleDAGMI *DAG;
  const TargetSchedModel *SchedModel;
  const TargetRegisterInfo *TRI;

  // State of the top and bottom scheduled instruction boundaries.
  SchedRemainder Rem;
  SchedBoundary Top;
  SchedBoundary Bot;

public:
  /// SUnit::NodeQueueId: 0 (none), 1 (top), 2 (bot), 3 (both)
  enum {
    TopQID = 1,
    BotQID = 2,
    LogMaxQID = 2
  };

  ConvergingScheduler():
    DAG(0), SchedModel(0), TRI(0), Top(TopQID, "TopQ"), Bot(BotQID, "BotQ") {}

  virtual void initialize(ScheduleDAGMI *dag);

  virtual SUnit *pickNode(bool &IsTopNode);

  virtual void schedNode(SUnit *SU, bool IsTopNode);

  virtual void releaseTopNode(SUnit *SU);

  virtual void releaseBottomNode(SUnit *SU);

  virtual void registerRoots();

protected:
  void tryCandidate(SchedCandidate &Cand,
                    SchedCandidate &TryCand,
                    SchedBoundary &Zone,
                    const RegPressureTracker &RPTracker,
                    RegPressureTracker &TempTracker);

  SUnit *pickNodeBidirectional(bool &IsTopNode);

  void pickNodeFromQueue(SchedBoundary &Zone,
                         const RegPressureTracker &RPTracker,
                         SchedCandidate &Candidate);

  void reschedulePhysRegCopies(SUnit *SU, bool isTop);

#ifndef NDEBUG
  void traceCandidate(const SchedCandidate &Cand);
#endif
};
} // namespace

void ConvergingScheduler::SchedRemainder::
init(ScheduleDAGMI *DAG, const TargetSchedModel *SchedModel) {
  reset();
  if (!SchedModel->hasInstrSchedModel())
    return;
  RemainingCounts.resize(SchedModel->getNumProcResourceKinds());
  for (std::vector<SUnit>::iterator
         I = DAG->SUnits.begin(), E = DAG->SUnits.end(); I != E; ++I) {
    const MCSchedClassDesc *SC = DAG->getSchedClass(&*I);
    RemIssueCount += SchedModel->getNumMicroOps(I->getInstr(), SC)
      * SchedModel->getMicroOpFactor();
    for (TargetSchedModel::ProcResIter
           PI = SchedModel->getWriteProcResBegin(SC),
           PE = SchedModel->getWriteProcResEnd(SC); PI != PE; ++PI) {
      unsigned PIdx = PI->ProcResourceIdx;
      unsigned Factor = SchedModel->getResourceFactor(PIdx);
      RemainingCounts[PIdx] += (Factor * PI->Cycles);
    }
  }
}

void ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::
init(ScheduleDAGMI *dag, const TargetSchedModel *smodel, SchedRemainder *rem) {
  reset();
  DAG = dag;
  SchedModel = smodel;
  Rem = rem;
  if (SchedModel->hasInstrSchedModel())
    ExecutedResCounts.resize(SchedModel->getNumProcResourceKinds());
}

void ConvergingScheduler::initialize(ScheduleDAGMI *dag) {
  DAG = dag;
  SchedModel = DAG->getSchedModel();
  TRI = DAG->TRI;

  Rem.init(DAG, SchedModel);
  Top.init(DAG, SchedModel, &Rem);
  Bot.init(DAG, SchedModel, &Rem);

  // Initialize resource counts.

  // Initialize the HazardRecognizers. If itineraries don't exist, are empty, or
  // are disabled, then these HazardRecs will be disabled.
  const InstrItineraryData *Itin = SchedModel->getInstrItineraries();
  const TargetMachine &TM = DAG->MF.getTarget();
  Top.HazardRec = TM.getInstrInfo()->CreateTargetMIHazardRecognizer(Itin, DAG);
  Bot.HazardRec = TM.getInstrInfo()->CreateTargetMIHazardRecognizer(Itin, DAG);

  assert((!ForceTopDown || !ForceBottomUp) &&
         "-misched-topdown incompatible with -misched-bottomup");
}

void ConvergingScheduler::releaseTopNode(SUnit *SU) {
  if (SU->isScheduled)
    return;

  for (SUnit::pred_iterator I = SU->Preds.begin(), E = SU->Preds.end();
       I != E; ++I) {
    if (I->isWeak())
      continue;
    unsigned PredReadyCycle = I->getSUnit()->TopReadyCycle;
    unsigned Latency = I->getLatency();
#ifndef NDEBUG
    Top.MaxObservedLatency = std::max(Latency, Top.MaxObservedLatency);
#endif
    if (SU->TopReadyCycle < PredReadyCycle + Latency)
      SU->TopReadyCycle = PredReadyCycle + Latency;
  }
  Top.releaseNode(SU, SU->TopReadyCycle);
}

void ConvergingScheduler::releaseBottomNode(SUnit *SU) {
  if (SU->isScheduled)
    return;

  assert(SU->getInstr() && "Scheduled SUnit must have instr");

  for (SUnit::succ_iterator I = SU->Succs.begin(), E = SU->Succs.end();
       I != E; ++I) {
    if (I->isWeak())
      continue;
    unsigned SuccReadyCycle = I->getSUnit()->BotReadyCycle;
    unsigned Latency = I->getLatency();
#ifndef NDEBUG
    Bot.MaxObservedLatency = std::max(Latency, Bot.MaxObservedLatency);
#endif
    if (SU->BotReadyCycle < SuccReadyCycle + Latency)
      SU->BotReadyCycle = SuccReadyCycle + Latency;
  }
  Bot.releaseNode(SU, SU->BotReadyCycle);
}

void ConvergingScheduler::registerRoots() {
  Rem.CriticalPath = DAG->ExitSU.getDepth();
  // Some roots may not feed into ExitSU. Check all of them in case.
  for (std::vector<SUnit*>::const_iterator
         I = Bot.Available.begin(), E = Bot.Available.end(); I != E; ++I) {
    if ((*I)->getDepth() > Rem.CriticalPath)
      Rem.CriticalPath = (*I)->getDepth();
  }
  DEBUG(dbgs() << "Critical Path: " << Rem.CriticalPath << '\n');
}

/// Does this SU have a hazard within the current instruction group.
///
/// The scheduler supports two modes of hazard recognition. The first is the
/// ScheduleHazardRecognizer API. It is a fully general hazard recognizer that
/// supports highly complicated in-order reservation tables
/// (ScoreboardHazardRecognizer) and arbitraty target-specific logic.
///
/// The second is a streamlined mechanism that checks for hazards based on
/// simple counters that the scheduler itself maintains. It explicitly checks
/// for instruction dispatch limitations, including the number of micro-ops that
/// can dispatch per cycle.
///
/// TODO: Also check whether the SU must start a new group.
bool ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::checkHazard(SUnit *SU) {
  if (HazardRec->isEnabled())
    return HazardRec->getHazardType(SU) != ScheduleHazardRecognizer::NoHazard;

  unsigned uops = SchedModel->getNumMicroOps(SU->getInstr());
  if ((CurrMOps > 0) && (CurrMOps + uops > SchedModel->getIssueWidth())) {
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "  SU(" << SU->NodeNum << ") uops="
          << SchedModel->getNumMicroOps(SU->getInstr()) << '\n');
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

// Find the unscheduled node in ReadySUs with the highest latency.
unsigned ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::
findMaxLatency(ArrayRef<SUnit*> ReadySUs) {
  SUnit *LateSU = 0;
  unsigned RemLatency = 0;
  for (ArrayRef<SUnit*>::iterator I = ReadySUs.begin(), E = ReadySUs.end();
       I != E; ++I) {
    unsigned L = getUnscheduledLatency(*I);
    if (L > RemLatency) {
      RemLatency = L;
      LateSU = *I;
    }
  }
  if (LateSU) {
    DEBUG(dbgs() << Available.getName() << " RemLatency SU("
          << LateSU->NodeNum << ") " << RemLatency << "c\n");
  }
  return RemLatency;
}

// Count resources in this zone and the remaining unscheduled
// instruction. Return the max count, scaled. Set OtherCritIdx to the critical
// resource index, or zero if the zone is issue limited.
unsigned ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::
getOtherResourceCount(unsigned &OtherCritIdx) {
  OtherCritIdx = 0;
  if (!SchedModel->hasInstrSchedModel())
    return 0;

  unsigned OtherCritCount = Rem->RemIssueCount
    + (RetiredMOps * SchedModel->getMicroOpFactor());
  DEBUG(dbgs() << "  " << Available.getName() << " + Remain MOps: "
        << OtherCritCount / SchedModel->getMicroOpFactor() << '\n');
  for (unsigned PIdx = 1, PEnd = SchedModel->getNumProcResourceKinds();
       PIdx != PEnd; ++PIdx) {
    unsigned OtherCount = getResourceCount(PIdx) + Rem->RemainingCounts[PIdx];
    if (OtherCount > OtherCritCount) {
      OtherCritCount = OtherCount;
      OtherCritIdx = PIdx;
    }
  }
  if (OtherCritIdx) {
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "  " << Available.getName() << " + Remain CritRes: "
          << OtherCritCount / SchedModel->getResourceFactor(OtherCritIdx)
          << " " << getResourceName(OtherCritIdx) << "\n");
  }
  return OtherCritCount;
}

/// Set the CandPolicy for this zone given the current resources and latencies
/// inside and outside the zone.
void ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::setPolicy(CandPolicy &Policy,
                                                   SchedBoundary &OtherZone) {
  // Now that potential stalls have been considered, apply preemptive heuristics
  // based on the the total latency and resources inside and outside this
  // zone.

  // Compute remaining latency. We need this both to determine whether the
  // overall schedule has become latency-limited and whether the instructions
  // outside this zone are resource or latency limited.
  //
  // The "dependent" latency is updated incrementally during scheduling as the
  // max height/depth of scheduled nodes minus the cycles since it was
  // scheduled:
  //   DLat = max (N.depth - (CurrCycle - N.ReadyCycle) for N in Zone
  //
  // The "independent" latency is the max ready queue depth:
  //   ILat = max N.depth for N in Available|Pending
  //
  // RemainingLatency is the greater of independent and dependent latency.
  unsigned RemLatency = DependentLatency;
  RemLatency = std::max(RemLatency, findMaxLatency(Available.elements()));
  RemLatency = std::max(RemLatency, findMaxLatency(Pending.elements()));

  // Compute the critical resource outside the zone.
  unsigned OtherCritIdx;
  unsigned OtherCount = OtherZone.getOtherResourceCount(OtherCritIdx);

  bool OtherResLimited = false;
  if (SchedModel->hasInstrSchedModel()) {
    unsigned LFactor = SchedModel->getLatencyFactor();
    OtherResLimited = (int)(OtherCount - (RemLatency * LFactor)) > (int)LFactor;
  }
  if (!OtherResLimited && (RemLatency + CurrCycle > Rem->CriticalPath)) {
    Policy.ReduceLatency |= true;
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "  " << Available.getName() << " RemainingLatency "
          << RemLatency << " + " << CurrCycle << "c > CritPath "
          << Rem->CriticalPath << "\n");
  }
  // If the same resource is limiting inside and outside the zone, do nothing.
  if (ZoneCritResIdx == OtherCritIdx)
    return;

  DEBUG(
    if (IsResourceLimited) {
      dbgs() << "  " << Available.getName() << " ResourceLimited: "
             << getResourceName(ZoneCritResIdx) << "\n";
    }
    if (OtherResLimited)
      dbgs() << "  RemainingLimit: " << getResourceName(OtherCritIdx) << "\n";
    if (!IsResourceLimited && !OtherResLimited)
      dbgs() << "  Latency limited both directions.\n");

  if (IsResourceLimited && !Policy.ReduceResIdx)
    Policy.ReduceResIdx = ZoneCritResIdx;

  if (OtherResLimited)
    Policy.DemandResIdx = OtherCritIdx;
}

void ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::releaseNode(SUnit *SU,
                                                     unsigned ReadyCycle) {
  if (ReadyCycle < MinReadyCycle)
    MinReadyCycle = ReadyCycle;

  // Check for interlocks first. For the purpose of other heuristics, an
  // instruction that cannot issue appears as if it's not in the ReadyQueue.
  bool IsBuffered = SchedModel->getMicroOpBufferSize() != 0;
  if ((!IsBuffered && ReadyCycle > CurrCycle) || checkHazard(SU))
    Pending.push(SU);
  else
    Available.push(SU);

  // Record this node as an immediate dependent of the scheduled node.
  NextSUs.insert(SU);
}

/// Move the boundary of scheduled code by one cycle.
void ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::bumpCycle(unsigned NextCycle) {
  if (SchedModel->getMicroOpBufferSize() == 0) {
    assert(MinReadyCycle < UINT_MAX && "MinReadyCycle uninitialized");
    if (MinReadyCycle > NextCycle)
      NextCycle = MinReadyCycle;
  }
  // Update the current micro-ops, which will issue in the next cycle.
  unsigned DecMOps = SchedModel->getIssueWidth() * (NextCycle - CurrCycle);
  CurrMOps = (CurrMOps <= DecMOps) ? 0 : CurrMOps - DecMOps;

  // Decrement DependentLatency based on the next cycle.
  if ((NextCycle - CurrCycle) > DependentLatency)
    DependentLatency = 0;
  else
    DependentLatency -= (NextCycle - CurrCycle);

  if (!HazardRec->isEnabled()) {
    // Bypass HazardRec virtual calls.
    CurrCycle = NextCycle;
  }
  else {
    // Bypass getHazardType calls in case of long latency.
    for (; CurrCycle != NextCycle; ++CurrCycle) {
      if (isTop())
        HazardRec->AdvanceCycle();
      else
        HazardRec->RecedeCycle();
    }
  }
  CheckPending = true;
  unsigned LFactor = SchedModel->getLatencyFactor();
  IsResourceLimited =
    (int)(getCriticalCount() - (getScheduledLatency() * LFactor))
    > (int)LFactor;

  DEBUG(dbgs() << "Cycle: " << CurrCycle << ' ' << Available.getName() << '\n');
}

void ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::incExecutedResources(unsigned PIdx,
                                                              unsigned Count) {
  ExecutedResCounts[PIdx] += Count;
  if (ExecutedResCounts[PIdx] > MaxExecutedResCount)
    MaxExecutedResCount = ExecutedResCounts[PIdx];
}

/// Add the given processor resource to this scheduled zone.
///
/// \param Cycles indicates the number of consecutive (non-pipelined) cycles
/// during which this resource is consumed.
///
/// \return the next cycle at which the instruction may execute without
/// oversubscribing resources.
unsigned ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::
countResource(unsigned PIdx, unsigned Cycles, unsigned ReadyCycle) {
  unsigned Factor = SchedModel->getResourceFactor(PIdx);
  unsigned Count = Factor * Cycles;
  DEBUG(dbgs() << "  " << getResourceName(PIdx)
        << " +" << Cycles << "x" << Factor << "u\n");

  // Update Executed resources counts.
  incExecutedResources(PIdx, Count);
  assert(Rem->RemainingCounts[PIdx] >= Count && "resource double counted");
  Rem->RemainingCounts[PIdx] -= Count;

  // Check if this resource exceeds the current critical resource. If so, it
  // becomes the critical resource.
  if (ZoneCritResIdx != PIdx && (getResourceCount(PIdx) > getCriticalCount())) {
    ZoneCritResIdx = PIdx;
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "  *** Critical resource "
          << getResourceName(PIdx) << ": "
          << getResourceCount(PIdx) / SchedModel->getLatencyFactor() << "c\n");
  }
  // TODO: We don't yet model reserved resources. It's not hard though.
  return CurrCycle;
}

/// Move the boundary of scheduled code by one SUnit.
void ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::bumpNode(SUnit *SU) {
  // Update the reservation table.
  if (HazardRec->isEnabled()) {
    if (!isTop() && SU->isCall) {
      // Calls are scheduled with their preceding instructions. For bottom-up
      // scheduling, clear the pipeline state before emitting.
      HazardRec->Reset();
    }
    HazardRec->EmitInstruction(SU);
  }
  const MCSchedClassDesc *SC = DAG->getSchedClass(SU);
  unsigned IncMOps = SchedModel->getNumMicroOps(SU->getInstr());
  CurrMOps += IncMOps;
  // checkHazard prevents scheduling multiple instructions per cycle that exceed
  // issue width. However, we commonly reach the maximum. In this case
  // opportunistically bump the cycle to avoid uselessly checking everything in
  // the readyQ. Furthermore, a single instruction may produce more than one
  // cycle's worth of micro-ops.
  //
  // TODO: Also check if this SU must end a dispatch group.
  unsigned NextCycle = CurrCycle;
  if (CurrMOps >= SchedModel->getIssueWidth()) {
    ++NextCycle;
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "  *** Max MOps " << CurrMOps
          << " at cycle " << CurrCycle << '\n');
  }
  unsigned ReadyCycle = (isTop() ? SU->TopReadyCycle : SU->BotReadyCycle);
  DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Ready @" << ReadyCycle << "c\n");

  switch (SchedModel->getMicroOpBufferSize()) {
  case 0:
    assert(ReadyCycle <= CurrCycle && "Broken PendingQueue");
    break;
  case 1:
    if (ReadyCycle > NextCycle) {
      NextCycle = ReadyCycle;
      DEBUG(dbgs() << "  *** Stall until: " << ReadyCycle << "\n");
    }
    break;
  default:
    // We don't currently model the OOO reorder buffer, so consider all
    // scheduled MOps to be "retired".
    break;
  }
  RetiredMOps += IncMOps;

  // Update resource counts and critical resource.
  if (SchedModel->hasInstrSchedModel()) {
    unsigned DecRemIssue = IncMOps * SchedModel->getMicroOpFactor();
    assert(Rem->RemIssueCount >= DecRemIssue && "MOps double counted");
    Rem->RemIssueCount -= DecRemIssue;
    if (ZoneCritResIdx) {
      // Scale scheduled micro-ops for comparing with the critical resource.
      unsigned ScaledMOps =
        RetiredMOps * SchedModel->getMicroOpFactor();

      // If scaled micro-ops are now more than the previous critical resource by
      // a full cycle, then micro-ops issue becomes critical.
      if ((int)(ScaledMOps - getResourceCount(ZoneCritResIdx))
          >= (int)SchedModel->getLatencyFactor()) {
        ZoneCritResIdx = 0;
        DEBUG(dbgs() << "  *** Critical resource NumMicroOps: "
              << ScaledMOps / SchedModel->getLatencyFactor() << "c\n");
      }
    }
    for (TargetSchedModel::ProcResIter
           PI = SchedModel->getWriteProcResBegin(SC),
           PE = SchedModel->getWriteProcResEnd(SC); PI != PE; ++PI) {
      unsigned RCycle =
        countResource(PI->ProcResourceIdx, PI->Cycles, ReadyCycle);
      if (RCycle > NextCycle)
        NextCycle = RCycle;
    }
  }
  // Update ExpectedLatency and DependentLatency.
  unsigned &TopLatency = isTop() ? ExpectedLatency : DependentLatency;
  unsigned &BotLatency = isTop() ? DependentLatency : ExpectedLatency;
  if (SU->getDepth() > TopLatency) {
    TopLatency = SU->getDepth();
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "  " << Available.getName()
          << " TopLatency SU(" << SU->NodeNum << ") " << TopLatency << "c\n");
  }
  if (SU->getHeight() > BotLatency) {
    BotLatency = SU->getHeight();
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "  " << Available.getName()
          << " BotLatency SU(" << SU->NodeNum << ") " << BotLatency << "c\n");
  }
  // If we stall for any reason, bump the cycle.
  if (NextCycle > CurrCycle) {
    bumpCycle(NextCycle);
  }
  else {
    // After updating ZoneCritResIdx and ExpectedLatency, check if we're
    // resource limited. If a stall occured, bumpCycle does this.
    unsigned LFactor = SchedModel->getLatencyFactor();
    IsResourceLimited =
      (int)(getCriticalCount() - (getScheduledLatency() * LFactor))
      > (int)LFactor;
  }
  DEBUG(dumpScheduledState());
}

/// Release pending ready nodes in to the available queue. This makes them
/// visible to heuristics.
void ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::releasePending() {
  // If the available queue is empty, it is safe to reset MinReadyCycle.
  if (Available.empty())
    MinReadyCycle = UINT_MAX;

  // Check to see if any of the pending instructions are ready to issue.  If
  // so, add them to the available queue.
  bool IsBuffered = SchedModel->getMicroOpBufferSize() != 0;
  for (unsigned i = 0, e = Pending.size(); i != e; ++i) {
    SUnit *SU = *(Pending.begin()+i);
    unsigned ReadyCycle = isTop() ? SU->TopReadyCycle : SU->BotReadyCycle;

    if (ReadyCycle < MinReadyCycle)
      MinReadyCycle = ReadyCycle;

    if (!IsBuffered && ReadyCycle > CurrCycle)
      continue;

    if (checkHazard(SU))
      continue;

    Available.push(SU);
    Pending.remove(Pending.begin()+i);
    --i; --e;
  }
  DEBUG(if (!Pending.empty()) Pending.dump());
  CheckPending = false;
}

/// Remove SU from the ready set for this boundary.
void ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::removeReady(SUnit *SU) {
  if (Available.isInQueue(SU))
    Available.remove(Available.find(SU));
  else {
    assert(Pending.isInQueue(SU) && "bad ready count");
    Pending.remove(Pending.find(SU));
  }
}

/// If this queue only has one ready candidate, return it. As a side effect,
/// defer any nodes that now hit a hazard, and advance the cycle until at least
/// one node is ready. If multiple instructions are ready, return NULL.
SUnit *ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::pickOnlyChoice() {
  if (CheckPending)
    releasePending();

  if (CurrMOps > 0) {
    // Defer any ready instrs that now have a hazard.
    for (ReadyQueue::iterator I = Available.begin(); I != Available.end();) {
      if (checkHazard(*I)) {
        Pending.push(*I);
        I = Available.remove(I);
        continue;
      }
      ++I;
    }
  }
  for (unsigned i = 0; Available.empty(); ++i) {
    assert(i <= (HazardRec->getMaxLookAhead() + MaxObservedLatency) &&
           "permanent hazard"); (void)i;
    bumpCycle(CurrCycle + 1);
    releasePending();
  }
  if (Available.size() == 1)
    return *Available.begin();
  return NULL;
}

#ifndef NDEBUG
// This is useful information to dump after bumpNode.
// Note that the Queue contents are more useful before pickNodeFromQueue.
void ConvergingScheduler::SchedBoundary::dumpScheduledState() {
  unsigned ResFactor;
  unsigned ResCount;
  if (ZoneCritResIdx) {
    ResFactor = SchedModel->getResourceFactor(ZoneCritResIdx);
    ResCount = getResourceCount(ZoneCritResIdx);
  }
  else {
    ResFactor = SchedModel->getMicroOpFactor();
    ResCount = RetiredMOps * SchedModel->getMicroOpFactor();
  }
  unsigned LFactor = SchedModel->getLatencyFactor();
  dbgs() << Available.getName() << " @" << CurrCycle << "c\n"
         << "  Retired: " << RetiredMOps;
  dbgs() << "\n  Executed: " << getExecutedCount() / LFactor << "c";
  dbgs() << "\n  Critical: " << ResCount / LFactor << "c, "
         << ResCount / ResFactor << " " << getResourceName(ZoneCritResIdx)
         << "\n  ExpectedLatency: " << ExpectedLatency << "c\n"
         << (IsResourceLimited ? "  - Resource" : "  - Latency")
         << " limited.\n";
}
#endif

void ConvergingScheduler::SchedCandidate::
initResourceDelta(const ScheduleDAGMI *DAG,
                  const TargetSchedModel *SchedModel) {
  if (!Policy.ReduceResIdx && !Policy.DemandResIdx)
    return;

  const MCSchedClassDesc *SC = DAG->getSchedClass(SU);
  for (TargetSchedModel::ProcResIter
         PI = SchedModel->getWriteProcResBegin(SC),
         PE = SchedModel->getWriteProcResEnd(SC); PI != PE; ++PI) {
    if (PI->ProcResourceIdx == Policy.ReduceResIdx)
      ResDelta.CritResources += PI->Cycles;
    if (PI->ProcResourceIdx == Policy.DemandResIdx)
      ResDelta.DemandedResources += PI->Cycles;
  }
}


/// Return true if this heuristic determines order.
static bool tryLess(int TryVal, int CandVal,
                    ConvergingScheduler::SchedCandidate &TryCand,
                    ConvergingScheduler::SchedCandidate &Cand,
                    ConvergingScheduler::CandReason Reason) {
  if (TryVal < CandVal) {
    TryCand.Reason = Reason;
    return true;
  }
  if (TryVal > CandVal) {
    if (Cand.Reason > Reason)
      Cand.Reason = Reason;
    return true;
  }
  Cand.setRepeat(Reason);
  return false;
}

static bool tryGreater(int TryVal, int CandVal,
                       ConvergingScheduler::SchedCandidate &TryCand,
                       ConvergingScheduler::SchedCandidate &Cand,
                       ConvergingScheduler::CandReason Reason) {
  if (TryVal > CandVal) {
    TryCand.Reason = Reason;
    return true;
  }
  if (TryVal < CandVal) {
    if (Cand.Reason > Reason)
      Cand.Reason = Reason;
    return true;
  }
  Cand.setRepeat(Reason);
  return false;
}

static bool tryPressure(const PressureElement &TryP,
                        const PressureElement &CandP,
                        ConvergingScheduler::SchedCandidate &TryCand,
                        ConvergingScheduler::SchedCandidate &Cand,
                        ConvergingScheduler::CandReason Reason) {
  // If both candidates affect the same set, go with the smallest increase.
  if (TryP.PSetID == CandP.PSetID) {
    return tryLess(TryP.UnitIncrease, CandP.UnitIncrease, TryCand, Cand,
                   Reason);
  }
  // If one candidate decreases and the other increases, go with it.
  if (tryLess(TryP.UnitIncrease < 0, CandP.UnitIncrease < 0, TryCand, Cand,
              Reason)) {
    return true;
  }
  // If TryP has lower Rank, it has a higher priority.
  int TryRank = TryP.PSetRank();
  int CandRank = CandP.PSetRank();
  // If the candidates are decreasing pressure, reverse priority.
  if (TryP.UnitIncrease < 0)
    std::swap(TryRank, CandRank);
  return tryGreater(TryRank, CandRank, TryCand, Cand, Reason);
}

static unsigned getWeakLeft(const SUnit *SU, bool isTop) {
  return (isTop) ? SU->WeakPredsLeft : SU->WeakSuccsLeft;
}

/// Minimize physical register live ranges. Regalloc wants them adjacent to
/// their physreg def/use.
///
/// FIXME: This is an unnecessary check on the critical path. Most are root/leaf
/// copies which can be prescheduled. The rest (e.g. x86 MUL) could be bundled
/// with the operation that produces or consumes the physreg. We'll do this when
/// regalloc has support for parallel copies.
static int biasPhysRegCopy(const SUnit *SU, bool isTop) {
  const MachineInstr *MI = SU->getInstr();
  if (!MI->isCopy())
    return 0;

  unsigned ScheduledOper = isTop ? 1 : 0;
  unsigned UnscheduledOper = isTop ? 0 : 1;
  // If we have already scheduled the physreg produce/consumer, immediately
  // schedule the copy.
  if (TargetRegisterInfo::isPhysicalRegister(
        MI->getOperand(ScheduledOper).getReg()))
    return 1;
  // If the physreg is at the boundary, defer it. Otherwise schedule it
  // immediately to free the dependent. We can hoist the copy later.
  bool AtBoundary = isTop ? !SU->NumSuccsLeft : !SU->NumPredsLeft;
  if (TargetRegisterInfo::isPhysicalRegister(
        MI->getOperand(UnscheduledOper).getReg()))
    return AtBoundary ? -1 : 1;
  return 0;
}

/// Apply a set of heursitics to a new candidate. Heuristics are currently
/// hierarchical. This may be more efficient than a graduated cost model because
/// we don't need to evaluate all aspects of the model for each node in the
/// queue. But it's really done to make the heuristics easier to debug and
/// statistically analyze.
///
/// \param Cand provides the policy and current best candidate.
/// \param TryCand refers to the next SUnit candidate, otherwise uninitialized.
/// \param Zone describes the scheduled zone that we are extending.
/// \param RPTracker describes reg pressure within the scheduled zone.
/// \param TempTracker is a scratch pressure tracker to reuse in queries.
void ConvergingScheduler::tryCandidate(SchedCandidate &Cand,
                                       SchedCandidate &TryCand,
                                       SchedBoundary &Zone,
                                       const RegPressureTracker &RPTracker,
                                       RegPressureTracker &TempTracker) {

  // Always initialize TryCand's RPDelta.
  TempTracker.getMaxPressureDelta(TryCand.SU->getInstr(), TryCand.RPDelta,
                                  DAG->getRegionCriticalPSets(),
                                  DAG->getRegPressure().MaxSetPressure);

  // Initialize the candidate if needed.
  if (!Cand.isValid()) {
    TryCand.Reason = NodeOrder;
    return;
  }

  if (tryGreater(biasPhysRegCopy(TryCand.SU, Zone.isTop()),
                 biasPhysRegCopy(Cand.SU, Zone.isTop()),
                 TryCand, Cand, PhysRegCopy))
    return;

  // Avoid exceeding the target's limit. If signed PSetID is negative, it is
  // invalid; convert it to INT_MAX to give it lowest priority.
  if (tryPressure(TryCand.RPDelta.Excess, Cand.RPDelta.Excess, TryCand, Cand,
                  RegExcess))
    return;

  // Avoid increasing the max critical pressure in the scheduled region.
  if (tryPressure(TryCand.RPDelta.CriticalMax, Cand.RPDelta.CriticalMax,
                  TryCand, Cand, RegCritical))
    return;

  // Keep clustered nodes together to encourage downstream peephole
  // optimizations which may reduce resource requirements.
  //
  // This is a best effort to set things up for a post-RA pass. Optimizations
  // like generating loads of multiple registers should ideally be done within
  // the scheduler pass by combining the loads during DAG postprocessing.
  const SUnit *NextClusterSU =
    Zone.isTop() ? DAG->getNextClusterSucc() : DAG->getNextClusterPred();
  if (tryGreater(TryCand.SU == NextClusterSU, Cand.SU == NextClusterSU,
                 TryCand, Cand, Cluster))
    return;

  // Weak edges are for clustering and other constraints.
  if (tryLess(getWeakLeft(TryCand.SU, Zone.isTop()),
              getWeakLeft(Cand.SU, Zone.isTop()),
              TryCand, Cand, Weak)) {
    return;
  }
  // Avoid increasing the max pressure of the entire region.
  if (tryPressure(TryCand.RPDelta.CurrentMax, Cand.RPDelta.CurrentMax,
                  TryCand, Cand, RegMax))
    return;

  // Avoid critical resource consumption and balance the schedule.
  TryCand.initResourceDelta(DAG, SchedModel);
  if (tryLess(TryCand.ResDelta.CritResources, Cand.ResDelta.CritResources,
              TryCand, Cand, ResourceReduce))
    return;
  if (tryGreater(TryCand.ResDelta.DemandedResources,
                 Cand.ResDelta.DemandedResources,
                 TryCand, Cand, ResourceDemand))
    return;

  // Avoid serializing long latency dependence chains.
  if (Cand.Policy.ReduceLatency) {
    if (Zone.isTop()) {
      if (Cand.SU->getDepth() > Zone.getScheduledLatency()) {
        if (tryLess(TryCand.SU->getDepth(), Cand.SU->getDepth(),
                    TryCand, Cand, TopDepthReduce))
          return;
      }
      if (tryGreater(TryCand.SU->getHeight(), Cand.SU->getHeight(),
                     TryCand, Cand, TopPathReduce))
        return;
    }
    else {
      if (Cand.SU->getHeight() > Zone.getScheduledLatency()) {
        if (tryLess(TryCand.SU->getHeight(), Cand.SU->getHeight(),
                    TryCand, Cand, BotHeightReduce))
          return;
      }
      if (tryGreater(TryCand.SU->getDepth(), Cand.SU->getDepth(),
                     TryCand, Cand, BotPathReduce))
        return;
    }
  }

  // Prefer immediate defs/users of the last scheduled instruction. This is a
  // local pressure avoidance strategy that also makes the machine code
  // readable.
  if (tryGreater(Zone.NextSUs.count(TryCand.SU), Zone.NextSUs.count(Cand.SU),
                 TryCand, Cand, NextDefUse))
    return;

  // Fall through to original instruction order.
  if ((Zone.isTop() && TryCand.SU->NodeNum < Cand.SU->NodeNum)
      || (!Zone.isTop() && TryCand.SU->NodeNum > Cand.SU->NodeNum)) {
    TryCand.Reason = NodeOrder;
  }
}

#ifndef NDEBUG
const char *ConvergingScheduler::getReasonStr(
  ConvergingScheduler::CandReason Reason) {
  switch (Reason) {
  case NoCand:         return "NOCAND    ";
  case PhysRegCopy:    return "PREG-COPY";
  case RegExcess:      return "REG-EXCESS";
  case RegCritical:    return "REG-CRIT  ";
  case Cluster:        return "CLUSTER   ";
  case Weak:           return "WEAK      ";
  case RegMax:         return "REG-MAX   ";
  case ResourceReduce: return "RES-REDUCE";
  case ResourceDemand: return "RES-DEMAND";
  case TopDepthReduce: return "TOP-DEPTH ";
  case TopPathReduce:  return "TOP-PATH  ";
  case BotHeightReduce:return "BOT-HEIGHT";
  case BotPathReduce:  return "BOT-PATH  ";
  case NextDefUse:     return "DEF-USE   ";
  case NodeOrder:      return "ORDER     ";
  };
  llvm_unreachable("Unknown reason!");
}

void ConvergingScheduler::traceCandidate(const SchedCandidate &Cand) {
  PressureElement P;
  unsigned ResIdx = 0;
  unsigned Latency = 0;
  switch (Cand.Reason) {
  default:
    break;
  case RegExcess:
    P = Cand.RPDelta.Excess;
    break;
  case RegCritical:
    P = Cand.RPDelta.CriticalMax;
    break;
  case RegMax:
    P = Cand.RPDelta.CurrentMax;
    break;
  case ResourceReduce:
    ResIdx = Cand.Policy.ReduceResIdx;
    break;
  case ResourceDemand:
    ResIdx = Cand.Policy.DemandResIdx;
    break;
  case TopDepthReduce:
    Latency = Cand.SU->getDepth();
    break;
  case TopPathReduce:
    Latency = Cand.SU->getHeight();
    break;
  case BotHeightReduce:
    Latency = Cand.SU->getHeight();
    break;
  case BotPathReduce:
    Latency = Cand.SU->getDepth();
    break;
  }
  dbgs() << "  SU(" << Cand.SU->NodeNum << ") " << getReasonStr(Cand.Reason);
  if (P.isValid())
    dbgs() << " " << TRI->getRegPressureSetName(P.PSetID)
           << ":" << P.UnitIncrease << " ";
  else
    dbgs() << "      ";
  if (ResIdx)
    dbgs() << " " << SchedModel->getProcResource(ResIdx)->Name << " ";
  else
    dbgs() << "         ";
  if (Latency)
    dbgs() << " " << Latency << " cycles ";
  else
    dbgs() << "          ";
  dbgs() << '\n';
}
#endif

/// Pick the best candidate from the top queue.
///
/// TODO: getMaxPressureDelta results can be mostly cached for each SUnit during
/// DAG building. To adjust for the current scheduling location we need to
/// maintain the number of vreg uses remaining to be top-scheduled.
void ConvergingScheduler::pickNodeFromQueue(SchedBoundary &Zone,
                                            const RegPressureTracker &RPTracker,
                                            SchedCandidate &Cand) {
  ReadyQueue &Q = Zone.Available;

  DEBUG(Q.dump());

  // getMaxPressureDelta temporarily modifies the tracker.
  RegPressureTracker &TempTracker = const_cast<RegPressureTracker&>(RPTracker);

  for (ReadyQueue::iterator I = Q.begin(), E = Q.end(); I != E; ++I) {

    SchedCandidate TryCand(Cand.Policy);
    TryCand.SU = *I;
    tryCandidate(Cand, TryCand, Zone, RPTracker, TempTracker);
    if (TryCand.Reason != NoCand) {
      // Initialize resource delta if needed in case future heuristics query it.
      if (TryCand.ResDelta == SchedResourceDelta())
        TryCand.initResourceDelta(DAG, SchedModel);
      Cand.setBest(TryCand);
      DEBUG(traceCandidate(Cand));
    }
  }
}

static void tracePick(const ConvergingScheduler::SchedCandidate &Cand,
                      bool IsTop) {
  DEBUG(dbgs() << "Pick " << (IsTop ? "Top " : "Bot ")
        << ConvergingScheduler::getReasonStr(Cand.Reason) << '\n');
}

/// Pick the best candidate node from either the top or bottom queue.
SUnit *ConvergingScheduler::pickNodeBidirectional(bool &IsTopNode) {
  // Schedule as far as possible in the direction of no choice. This is most
  // efficient, but also provides the best heuristics for CriticalPSets.
  if (SUnit *SU = Bot.pickOnlyChoice()) {
    IsTopNode = false;
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "Pick Bot NOCAND\n");
    return SU;
  }
  if (SUnit *SU = Top.pickOnlyChoice()) {
    IsTopNode = true;
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "Pick Top NOCAND\n");
    return SU;
  }
  CandPolicy NoPolicy;
  SchedCandidate BotCand(NoPolicy);
  SchedCandidate TopCand(NoPolicy);
  Bot.setPolicy(BotCand.Policy, Top);
  Top.setPolicy(TopCand.Policy, Bot);

  // Prefer bottom scheduling when heuristics are silent.
  pickNodeFromQueue(Bot, DAG->getBotRPTracker(), BotCand);
  assert(BotCand.Reason != NoCand && "failed to find the first candidate");

  // If either Q has a single candidate that provides the least increase in
  // Excess pressure, we can immediately schedule from that Q.
  //
  // RegionCriticalPSets summarizes the pressure within the scheduled region and
  // affects picking from either Q. If scheduling in one direction must
  // increase pressure for one of the excess PSets, then schedule in that
  // direction first to provide more freedom in the other direction.
  if ((BotCand.Reason == RegExcess && !BotCand.isRepeat(RegExcess))
      || (BotCand.Reason == RegCritical
          && !BotCand.isRepeat(RegCritical)))
  {
    IsTopNode = false;
    tracePick(BotCand, IsTopNode);
    return BotCand.SU;
  }
  // Check if the top Q has a better candidate.
  pickNodeFromQueue(Top, DAG->getTopRPTracker(), TopCand);
  assert(TopCand.Reason != NoCand && "failed to find the first candidate");

  // Choose the queue with the most important (lowest enum) reason.
  if (TopCand.Reason < BotCand.Reason) {
    IsTopNode = true;
    tracePick(TopCand, IsTopNode);
    return TopCand.SU;
  }
  // Otherwise prefer the bottom candidate, in node order if all else failed.
  IsTopNode = false;
  tracePick(BotCand, IsTopNode);
  return BotCand.SU;
}

/// Pick the best node to balance the schedule. Implements MachineSchedStrategy.
SUnit *ConvergingScheduler::pickNode(bool &IsTopNode) {
  if (DAG->top() == DAG->bottom()) {
    assert(Top.Available.empty() && Top.Pending.empty() &&
           Bot.Available.empty() && Bot.Pending.empty() && "ReadyQ garbage");
    return NULL;
  }
  SUnit *SU;
  do {
    if (ForceTopDown) {
      SU = Top.pickOnlyChoice();
      if (!SU) {
        CandPolicy NoPolicy;
        SchedCandidate TopCand(NoPolicy);
        pickNodeFromQueue(Top, DAG->getTopRPTracker(), TopCand);
        assert(TopCand.Reason != NoCand && "failed to find the first candidate");
        SU = TopCand.SU;
      }
      IsTopNode = true;
    }
    else if (ForceBottomUp) {
      SU = Bot.pickOnlyChoice();
      if (!SU) {
        CandPolicy NoPolicy;
        SchedCandidate BotCand(NoPolicy);
        pickNodeFromQueue(Bot, DAG->getBotRPTracker(), BotCand);
        assert(BotCand.Reason != NoCand && "failed to find the first candidate");
        SU = BotCand.SU;
      }
      IsTopNode = false;
    }
    else {
      SU = pickNodeBidirectional(IsTopNode);
    }
  } while (SU->isScheduled);

  if (SU->isTopReady())
    Top.removeReady(SU);
  if (SU->isBottomReady())
    Bot.removeReady(SU);

  DEBUG(dbgs() << "Scheduling SU(" << SU->NodeNum << ") " << *SU->getInstr());
  return SU;
}

void ConvergingScheduler::reschedulePhysRegCopies(SUnit *SU, bool isTop) {

  MachineBasicBlock::iterator InsertPos = SU->getInstr();
  if (!isTop)
    ++InsertPos;
  SmallVectorImpl<SDep> &Deps = isTop ? SU->Preds : SU->Succs;

  // Find already scheduled copies with a single physreg dependence and move
  // them just above the scheduled instruction.
  for (SmallVectorImpl<SDep>::iterator I = Deps.begin(), E = Deps.end();
       I != E; ++I) {
    if (I->getKind() != SDep::Data || !TRI->isPhysicalRegister(I->getReg()))
      continue;
    SUnit *DepSU = I->getSUnit();
    if (isTop ? DepSU->Succs.size() > 1 : DepSU->Preds.size() > 1)
      continue;
    MachineInstr *Copy = DepSU->getInstr();
    if (!Copy->isCopy())
      continue;
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Rescheduling physreg copy ";
          I->getSUnit()->dump(DAG));
    DAG->moveInstruction(Copy, InsertPos);
  }
}

/// Update the scheduler's state after scheduling a node. This is the same node
/// that was just returned by pickNode(). However, ScheduleDAGMI needs to update
/// it's state based on the current cycle before MachineSchedStrategy does.
///
/// FIXME: Eventually, we may bundle physreg copies rather than rescheduling
/// them here. See comments in biasPhysRegCopy.
void ConvergingScheduler::schedNode(SUnit *SU, bool IsTopNode) {
  if (IsTopNode) {
    SU->TopReadyCycle = std::max(SU->TopReadyCycle, Top.CurrCycle);
    Top.bumpNode(SU);
    if (SU->hasPhysRegUses)
      reschedulePhysRegCopies(SU, true);
  }
  else {
    SU->BotReadyCycle = std::max(SU->BotReadyCycle, Bot.CurrCycle);
    Bot.bumpNode(SU);
    if (SU->hasPhysRegDefs)
      reschedulePhysRegCopies(SU, false);
  }
}

/// Create the standard converging machine scheduler. This will be used as the
/// default scheduler if the target does not set a default.
static ScheduleDAGInstrs *createConvergingSched(MachineSchedContext *C) {
  assert((!ForceTopDown || !ForceBottomUp) &&
         "-misched-topdown incompatible with -misched-bottomup");
  ScheduleDAGMI *DAG = new ScheduleDAGMI(C, new ConvergingScheduler());
  // Register DAG post-processors.
  //
  // FIXME: extend the mutation API to allow earlier mutations to instantiate
  // data and pass it to later mutations. Have a single mutation that gathers
  // the interesting nodes in one pass.
  DAG->addMutation(new CopyConstrain(DAG->TII, DAG->TRI));
  if (EnableLoadCluster)
    DAG->addMutation(new LoadClusterMutation(DAG->TII, DAG->TRI));
  if (EnableMacroFusion)
    DAG->addMutation(new MacroFusion(DAG->TII));
  return DAG;
}
static MachineSchedRegistry
ConvergingSchedRegistry("converge", "Standard converging scheduler.",
                        createConvergingSched);

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// ILP Scheduler. Currently for experimental analysis of heuristics.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

namespace {
/// \brief Order nodes by the ILP metric.
struct ILPOrder {
  const SchedDFSResult *DFSResult;
  const BitVector *ScheduledTrees;
  bool MaximizeILP;

  ILPOrder(bool MaxILP): DFSResult(0), ScheduledTrees(0), MaximizeILP(MaxILP) {}

  /// \brief Apply a less-than relation on node priority.
  ///
  /// (Return true if A comes after B in the Q.)
  bool operator()(const SUnit *A, const SUnit *B) const {
    unsigned SchedTreeA = DFSResult->getSubtreeID(A);
    unsigned SchedTreeB = DFSResult->getSubtreeID(B);
    if (SchedTreeA != SchedTreeB) {
      // Unscheduled trees have lower priority.
      if (ScheduledTrees->test(SchedTreeA) != ScheduledTrees->test(SchedTreeB))
        return ScheduledTrees->test(SchedTreeB);

      // Trees with shallower connections have have lower priority.
      if (DFSResult->getSubtreeLevel(SchedTreeA)
          != DFSResult->getSubtreeLevel(SchedTreeB)) {
        return DFSResult->getSubtreeLevel(SchedTreeA)
          < DFSResult->getSubtreeLevel(SchedTreeB);
      }
    }
    if (MaximizeILP)
      return DFSResult->getILP(A) < DFSResult->getILP(B);
    else
      return DFSResult->getILP(A) > DFSResult->getILP(B);
  }
};

/// \brief Schedule based on the ILP metric.
class ILPScheduler : public MachineSchedStrategy {
  /// In case all subtrees are eventually connected to a common root through
  /// data dependence (e.g. reduction), place an upper limit on their size.
  ///
  /// FIXME: A subtree limit is generally good, but in the situation commented
  /// above, where multiple similar subtrees feed a common root, we should
  /// only split at a point where the resulting subtrees will be balanced.
  /// (a motivating test case must be found).
  static const unsigned SubtreeLimit = 16;

  ScheduleDAGMI *DAG;
  ILPOrder Cmp;

  std::vector<SUnit*> ReadyQ;
public:
  ILPScheduler(bool MaximizeILP): DAG(0), Cmp(MaximizeILP) {}

  virtual void initialize(ScheduleDAGMI *dag) {
    DAG = dag;
    DAG->computeDFSResult();
    Cmp.DFSResult = DAG->getDFSResult();
    Cmp.ScheduledTrees = &DAG->getScheduledTrees();
    ReadyQ.clear();
  }

  virtual void registerRoots() {
    // Restore the heap in ReadyQ with the updated DFS results.
    std::make_heap(ReadyQ.begin(), ReadyQ.end(), Cmp);
  }

  /// Implement MachineSchedStrategy interface.
  /// -----------------------------------------

  /// Callback to select the highest priority node from the ready Q.
  virtual SUnit *pickNode(bool &IsTopNode) {
    if (ReadyQ.empty()) return NULL;
    std::pop_heap(ReadyQ.begin(), ReadyQ.end(), Cmp);
    SUnit *SU = ReadyQ.back();
    ReadyQ.pop_back();
    IsTopNode = false;
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "Pick node " << "SU(" << SU->NodeNum << ") "
          << " ILP: " << DAG->getDFSResult()->getILP(SU)
          << " Tree: " << DAG->getDFSResult()->getSubtreeID(SU) << " @"
          << DAG->getDFSResult()->getSubtreeLevel(
            DAG->getDFSResult()->getSubtreeID(SU)) << '\n'
          << "Scheduling " << *SU->getInstr());
    return SU;
  }

  /// \brief Scheduler callback to notify that a new subtree is scheduled.
  virtual void scheduleTree(unsigned SubtreeID) {
    std::make_heap(ReadyQ.begin(), ReadyQ.end(), Cmp);
  }

  /// Callback after a node is scheduled. Mark a newly scheduled tree, notify
  /// DFSResults, and resort the priority Q.
  virtual void schedNode(SUnit *SU, bool IsTopNode) {
    assert(!IsTopNode && "SchedDFSResult needs bottom-up");
  }

  virtual void releaseTopNode(SUnit *) { /*only called for top roots*/ }

  virtual void releaseBottomNode(SUnit *SU) {
    ReadyQ.push_back(SU);
    std::push_heap(ReadyQ.begin(), ReadyQ.end(), Cmp);
  }
};
} // namespace

static ScheduleDAGInstrs *createILPMaxScheduler(MachineSchedContext *C) {
  return new ScheduleDAGMI(C, new ILPScheduler(true));
}
static ScheduleDAGInstrs *createILPMinScheduler(MachineSchedContext *C) {
  return new ScheduleDAGMI(C, new ILPScheduler(false));
}
static MachineSchedRegistry ILPMaxRegistry(
  "ilpmax", "Schedule bottom-up for max ILP", createILPMaxScheduler);
static MachineSchedRegistry ILPMinRegistry(
  "ilpmin", "Schedule bottom-up for min ILP", createILPMinScheduler);

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// Machine Instruction Shuffler for Correctness Testing
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#ifndef NDEBUG
namespace {
/// Apply a less-than relation on the node order, which corresponds to the
/// instruction order prior to scheduling. IsReverse implements greater-than.
template<bool IsReverse>
struct SUnitOrder {
  bool operator()(SUnit *A, SUnit *B) const {
    if (IsReverse)
      return A->NodeNum > B->NodeNum;
    else
      return A->NodeNum < B->NodeNum;
  }
};

/// Reorder instructions as much as possible.
class InstructionShuffler : public MachineSchedStrategy {
  bool IsAlternating;
  bool IsTopDown;

  // Using a less-than relation (SUnitOrder<false>) for the TopQ priority
  // gives nodes with a higher number higher priority causing the latest
  // instructions to be scheduled first.
  PriorityQueue<SUnit*, std::vector<SUnit*>, SUnitOrder<false> >
    TopQ;
  // When scheduling bottom-up, use greater-than as the queue priority.
  PriorityQueue<SUnit*, std::vector<SUnit*>, SUnitOrder<true> >
    BottomQ;
public:
  InstructionShuffler(bool alternate, bool topdown)
    : IsAlternating(alternate), IsTopDown(topdown) {}

  virtual void initialize(ScheduleDAGMI *) {
    TopQ.clear();
    BottomQ.clear();
  }

  /// Implement MachineSchedStrategy interface.
  /// -----------------------------------------

  virtual SUnit *pickNode(bool &IsTopNode) {
    SUnit *SU;
    if (IsTopDown) {
      do {
        if (TopQ.empty()) return NULL;
        SU = TopQ.top();
        TopQ.pop();
      } while (SU->isScheduled);
      IsTopNode = true;
    }
    else {
      do {
        if (BottomQ.empty()) return NULL;
        SU = BottomQ.top();
        BottomQ.pop();
      } while (SU->isScheduled);
      IsTopNode = false;
    }
    if (IsAlternating)
      IsTopDown = !IsTopDown;
    return SU;
  }

  virtual void schedNode(SUnit *SU, bool IsTopNode) {}

  virtual void releaseTopNode(SUnit *SU) {
    TopQ.push(SU);
  }
  virtual void releaseBottomNode(SUnit *SU) {
    BottomQ.push(SU);
  }
};
} // namespace

static ScheduleDAGInstrs *createInstructionShuffler(MachineSchedContext *C) {
  bool Alternate = !ForceTopDown && !ForceBottomUp;
  bool TopDown = !ForceBottomUp;
  assert((TopDown || !ForceTopDown) &&
         "-misched-topdown incompatible with -misched-bottomup");
  return new ScheduleDAGMI(C, new InstructionShuffler(Alternate, TopDown));
}
static MachineSchedRegistry ShufflerRegistry(
  "shuffle", "Shuffle machine instructions alternating directions",
  createInstructionShuffler);
#endif // !NDEBUG

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// GraphWriter support for ScheduleDAGMI.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#ifndef NDEBUG
namespace llvm {

template<> struct GraphTraits<
  ScheduleDAGMI*> : public GraphTraits<ScheduleDAG*> {};

template<>
struct DOTGraphTraits<ScheduleDAGMI*> : public DefaultDOTGraphTraits {

  DOTGraphTraits (bool isSimple=false) : DefaultDOTGraphTraits(isSimple) {}

  static std::string getGraphName(const ScheduleDAG *G) {
    return G->MF.getName();
  }

  static bool renderGraphFromBottomUp() {
    return true;
  }

  static bool isNodeHidden(const SUnit *Node) {
    return (Node->NumPreds > 10 || Node->NumSuccs > 10);
  }

  static bool hasNodeAddressLabel(const SUnit *Node,
                                  const ScheduleDAG *Graph) {
    return false;
  }

  /// If you want to override the dot attributes printed for a particular
  /// edge, override this method.
  static std::string getEdgeAttributes(const SUnit *Node,
                                       SUnitIterator EI,
                                       const ScheduleDAG *Graph) {
    if (EI.isArtificialDep())
      return "color=cyan,style=dashed";
    if (EI.isCtrlDep())
      return "color=blue,style=dashed";
    return "";
  }

  static std::string getNodeLabel(const SUnit *SU, const ScheduleDAG *G) {
    std::string Str;
    raw_string_ostream SS(Str);
    SS << "SU(" << SU->NodeNum << ')';
    return SS.str();
  }
  static std::string getNodeDescription(const SUnit *SU, const ScheduleDAG *G) {
    return G->getGraphNodeLabel(SU);
  }

  static std::string getNodeAttributes(const SUnit *N,
                                       const ScheduleDAG *Graph) {
    std::string Str("shape=Mrecord");
    const SchedDFSResult *DFS =
      static_cast<const ScheduleDAGMI*>(Graph)->getDFSResult();
    if (DFS) {
      Str += ",style=filled,fillcolor=\"#";
      Str += DOT::getColorString(DFS->getSubtreeID(N));
      Str += '"';
    }
    return Str;
  }
};
} // namespace llvm
#endif // NDEBUG

/// viewGraph - Pop up a ghostview window with the reachable parts of the DAG
/// rendered using 'dot'.
///
void ScheduleDAGMI::viewGraph(const Twine &Name, const Twine &Title) {
#ifndef NDEBUG
  ViewGraph(this, Name, false, Title);
#else
  errs() << "ScheduleDAGMI::viewGraph is only available in debug builds on "
         << "systems with Graphviz or gv!\n";
#endif  // NDEBUG
}

/// Out-of-line implementation with no arguments is handy for gdb.
void ScheduleDAGMI::viewGraph() {
  viewGraph(getDAGName(), "Scheduling-Units Graph for " + getDAGName());
}